WO2024061021A1 - Anticorps monoclonal pour détecter un niveau d'expression de car anti-cd19 et son utilisation dans l'activation de cellule car-t cd19 - Google Patents

Anticorps monoclonal pour détecter un niveau d'expression de car anti-cd19 et son utilisation dans l'activation de cellule car-t cd19 Download PDF

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WO2024061021A1
WO2024061021A1 PCT/CN2023/117611 CN2023117611W WO2024061021A1 WO 2024061021 A1 WO2024061021 A1 WO 2024061021A1 CN 2023117611 W CN2023117611 W CN 2023117611W WO 2024061021 A1 WO2024061021 A1 WO 2024061021A1
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antibody
car
cells
antigen
seq
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PCT/CN2023/117611
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Chinese (zh)
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王宏飞
胡阳
答亮
魏国威
张亚茹
唐蓝香
包鑫
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上海星湾生物技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2024061021A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024061021A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
    • C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
    • C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/569—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of biomedicine, specifically to anti-FMC63 monoclonal antibodies, kits and applications for detection of CD19 CAR-T cells.
  • Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) cell therapy is an emerging immunotherapy that has revolutionized the treatment of certain cancers, especially for relapsed and refractory (r/r) lymphoma, and is the ultimate A new, potentially curative treatment option is available for end-stage patients.
  • CAR-T Chimeric antigen receptor
  • the seven CAR-T cell products approved by the FDA are all priced at The price of the two CAR-T cell products launched in China, Yikaida and Benoda, is over RMB 1.2 million.
  • CAR-T cells need to be activated and expanded during the production and preparation process, and the proportion and number of cells transduced with CAR need to meet certain requirements; in addition, there is a process of transduction and expansion in the production of CAR-T cells. , its preparation cycle takes about 2 weeks, which further limits the company's production capacity and increases the cost of product production to a certain extent.
  • CAR-T cells Due to the special preparation form of CAR-T cells, the activation method needs to consider safety factors in addition to cost and effect.
  • Activation methods generally have their own shortcomings. The first is monoclonal antibodies and interleukin. The common method is to add OKT3 (anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody) and interleukin 2 (IL-2). Because of its poor effect and easy to cause cell death, it is rarely used; the second The second type is artificial antigen-presenting cells.
  • CAR-T cells were activated by inactive antigen-presenting cells, such as K562 cell line antigens (TAA) that co-express the required stimulatory molecules and tumor-related molecules.
  • TAA K562 cell line antigens
  • the dead cells comply with current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) and they do not express human leukocyte antigen A and B, and selectively stimulate CAR-T-TAA-specific cells.
  • cGMP current good manufacturing practices
  • antigen-presenting cells have good activation performance and can only activate CAR-T cells without activating non-CAR-T cells, CAR-T cells need to return into the body, so activation through antigen-presenting cells will undoubtedly bring safety risks and make the entire process and quality control more complex;
  • the third and currently commonly used method is cell-sized anti-CD3/CD28 antibody-coated magnets Beads, studies have found that the effect of activation using anti-CD3/CD28 antibody-coated magnetic beads as artificial antigen-presenting particles is stronger than activation with anti-CD3 antibodies and IL-2, and activation results in less T cell consumption, so the effect It is also more durable, but this activation can only activate T cells indiscriminately, but cannot specifically activate CAR-T cells.
  • scFv idiotype antibodies that can specifically activate CAR-T cells without safety risks have great innovative application value and market prospects.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a detection and quality control method in view of the limitations of CAR-T cell detection technology in the prior art.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • the invention provides isolated monoclonal antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof comprising heavy chain complementarity determining region 1 (HCDR1), HCDR2, HCDR3, light chain complementarity determining region 1 (LCDR1), LCDR2 and LCDR3, HCDR1, HCDR2
  • HCDR3 heavy chain complementarity determining region 1
  • LCDR1 light chain complementarity determining region 1
  • LCDR2 and LCDR3 HCDR1, HCDR2
  • any of the above polypeptide sequences also include derivative sequences formed by optional additions, deletions, modifications and/or substitutions of 1-5 (or 1, 2, 3) amino acids, and capable of retaining FMC63 binding affinity.
  • the antibody heavy chain of the invention further comprises a heavy chain constant region and/or the light chain further comprises a light chain constant region.
  • the number of amino acids added, deleted, modified and/or substituted in the 3 HCDRs and 3 LCDRs of the antibody of the present invention is 1-5 (for example, 1-3, preferably 1-2, More preferably, 1).
  • the heavy chain variable region of the antibody of the invention further comprises a human or humanized framework, and/or the light chain variable region of the antibody further comprises a human or humanized framework.
  • the antibody of the present invention is a double-chain antibody or a single-chain antibody.
  • the antibodies of the invention are full-length antibody proteins or antigen-binding fragments.
  • polypeptide sequence of the isolated monoclonal antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof of the invention is selected from:
  • the isolated monoclonal antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises a protein having at least ( ⁇ ) 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, A heavy chain variable region that is at least 98% or at least 99% identical to a polypeptide sequence; or has at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, SEQ ID NO: 6, 10 or 18.
  • a light chain variable region of a polypeptide sequence that is at least 98% or at least 99% identical.
  • the V H chain and V L chain of the monoclonal antibody share at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 (V H ) and SEQ ID NO: 6 (V L ) respectively. %, more preferably at least 95%, more preferably at least 99% sequence identity.
  • the V H chain and V L chain of the monoclonal antibody share at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 (V H ) and SEQ ID NO: 10 (V L ) respectively. %, more preferably at least 95%, more preferably at least 99% sequence identity.
  • the V H chain and V L chain of the monoclonal antibody share at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 14 (V H ) and SEQ ID NO: 18 (V L ) respectively. %, more preferably at least 95%, more preferably at least 99% sequence identity.
  • the monoclonal antibody is IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG or IgM.
  • the monoclonal antibody is selected from: (i) a single chain antibody, a single chain variable region fragment (scFv), a monovalent antibody lacking a hinge region or a minibody; (ii) Fab, Fab' or F(ab') 2 fragment; (iii) intact antibody; (iv) antibody containing human IgG Fc domain.
  • scFv single chain variable region fragment
  • the monoclonal antibody is selected from the group consisting of IgGl, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4 and synthetic IgG.
  • the isolated monoclonal antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof is chimeric.
  • the isolated monoclonal antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof of the invention is of murine or rabbit origin.
  • the isolated monoclonal antibodies of the invention or antigen-binding fragments thereof are human or humanized.
  • the derivative antibodies of the present invention include two types: those that cannot activate CAR-T cells and those that can activate CAR-T cells, which can be selected according to experimental requirements.
  • the invention provides polynucleotides encoding the monoclonal antibodies or antigen-binding fragments of the first part of the invention.
  • the present invention provides a vector comprising a polynucleotide encoding the monoclonal antibody or antigen-binding fragment of the first part of the present invention.
  • vectors include bacterial plasmids, phage, yeast plasmids, plant cells Viruses, mammalian cell viruses such as adenovirus, lentivirus, retrovirus or other vectors.
  • the present invention provides an engineered host cell whose genome contains the nucleic acid of the second part or the vector of the third part.
  • the present invention provides a use of active ingredients, including:
  • the active ingredient is selected from the first part of the isolated monoclonal antibody or its antigen-binding fragment.
  • the detection reagent is a test strip or test disk.
  • the detection reagent or kit is used for:
  • the present invention provides a method for in vitro detection (including diagnostic or non-diagnostic detection) of FMC63 in samples.
  • the steps include:
  • the present invention provides a method for specifically activating CAR-T cells.
  • the steps include:
  • the above-mentioned CAR-T cells are CD19 CAR-T cells.
  • the present invention provides a kit, including:
  • the first antibody comprises antibodies that can activate CAR-T cells and antibodies that cannot activate CAR-T cells.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing recombinant polypeptides, including:
  • the anti-FMC63 monoclonal antibody of the present invention detects FMC63 scFv in flow cytometry, the detection sensitivity reaches 1:2048000, and the discrimination between CAR-positive cells and CAR-negative cells is very high. Therefore, based on the monoclonal antibody of the present invention
  • the developed detection methods and reagents for CAR-positive cells have high detection sensitivity, good specificity, and more accurate results.
  • the anti-FMC63 monoclonal antibody of the present invention has a high affinity for FMC63, can detect CD19 CAR-positive cells more specifically, sensitively and accurately, and meets the needs of CAR-T drug production quality control, clinical treatment monitoring and auxiliary diagnosis. need.
  • the anti-FMC63 monoclonal antibody of the present invention includes two types: those that cannot activate CAR-T cells and those that can activate CAR-T cells, and can be used to detect the self-activation function of CAR-T cells to meet the needs of CAR-T cells. Requirements for quality control in drug production.
  • FIG1 shows the results of SDS-PAGE electrophoresis detection of purified anti-FMC63 monoclonal antibodies r1D6, rC1, and rC3.
  • Figure 2 shows the specific detection ELISA experimental results of anti-FMC63 monoclonal antibodies r1D6, rC1, and rC3 binding to FMC63 protein.
  • Figure 3 is the flow cytometry test results of the binding specificity of anti-FMC63 monoclonal antibodies r1D6, rC1, rC3 and CD19 CAR-Jurkat cells.
  • Figure 3A shows that r1D6 has a positive signal detection rate of 72.8% when detecting CD19 CAR-Jurkat cells with a positive rate of about 70%, and a positive signal detection rate when detecting DUAL CAR-Jurkat cells with a positive rate of about 50%.
  • Figure 3B is the peak chart of Figure 3A form.
  • Figure 4 shows the flow cytometry test results of anti-FMC63 monoclonal antibodies r1D6, rC1, rC3 and R19M in detecting the binding accuracy of CD19 CAR-Jurkat cells.
  • Figure 5 includes Figures 5A, 5B and 5C, which are flow cytometric test results of the binding sensitivity of anti-FMC63 monoclonal antibodies r1D6, rC1, rC3 to CD19 CAR-Jurkat cells.
  • Figure 5A shows the sensitivity analysis of r1D6
  • Figure 5B shows the sensitivity analysis of rC1
  • Figure 5C shows the sensitivity analysis of rC3.
  • Figure 6 shows the flow cytometry test results of the binding accuracy of anti-FMC63 monoclonal antibodies r1D6, rC1, and rC3 with CD19 CAR-Jurkat cells.
  • Figure 7 shows the flow cytometric test results of the binding precision of anti-FMC63 monoclonal antibodies r1D6, rC1, rC3 and CD19 CAR-Jurkat cells.
  • Figure 8 shows the test results of the functional activation of CD19 CAR-T cells by the anti-FMC63 monoclonal antibodies r1D6, rC1, and rC3. It can be seen that the rabbit monoclonal antibody r1D6 does not activate CD19 CAR-T cells, while rC1, rC3 and the known R19M and OKT3 monoclonal antibodies all activate CD19 CAR-T cells.
  • Figure 9 shows the test results of anti-FMC63 monoclonal antibodies r1D6, rC1, and rC3 in the immunofluorescence test to detect CD19 CAR-positive cells.
  • Figure 10 shows the equilibrium dissociation constant K D value of anti-FMC63 monoclonal antibodies r1D6, rC1, and rC3 binding to FMC63-hFc protein.
  • the antibodies have extremely high affinity for FMC63 and include two types: those that cannot activate CAR-T cells and those that can activate CAR-T cells. It can be used to detect the self-activation function of CAR-T cells, and the present invention is completed on this basis.
  • any numerical value, concentration or concentration range stated herein, is to be understood in all instances as modified by the term "about.” Therefore, numerical values generally include ⁇ 10% of the stated value. For example, a concentration of 1 mg/mL includes 0.9 mg/mL to 1.1 mg/mL. Similarly, the concentration range of 1% to 10% (w/v) includes 0.9% (w/v) to 11% (w/v). Numerical ranges herein expressly include all possible subranges, all individual values within the range, and both integers and fractions within the range.
  • condition A or B satisfies any of the following conditions: A is true (or exists) and B is false (or does not exist), A is false (or does not exist) and B is true (or exists), A and B is both true (or exists).
  • nucleic acid or polypeptide sequences eg, anti-FMC63 antibodies and polynucleotides encoding them, CD19 polypeptides and CD19 polynucleotides encoding them
  • identity refers to two or more sequences or subsequences that are identical or have a specific percentage of identical amino acid residues or nucleotides when compared and aligned for maximum agreement using sequence alignment algorithms or visual inspection.
  • Sequence alignment typically uses a sequence that serves as a reference sequence to which a test sequence is compared.
  • sequence comparison algorithm input the test sequence and the reference sequence into the computer, set the subsequence coordinates if necessary, and set the algorithm program parameters. Then, the sequence comparison algorithm calculates the test sequence relative to the reference sequence based on the set program parameters. percent sequence identity.
  • Optimal sequence alignment methods that can be used for comparison include the local homology algorithm of Smith & Waterman, Adv. Appl. Math. 2:482 (1981), Needleman & Wunsch, J. Mol. Biol. 48:443. (1970) homology alignment algorithm, Pearson & Lipman, Proc. Nat'l. Acad. Sci. USA 85:2444 (1988) search similarity method, by computer implementation of these algorithms (GAP, BESTFIT, FASTA, and TFASTA in the Wisconsin Genetics Software Package, Genetics Computer Group, 575 Science Dr., Madison, WI), or by visual inspection (see generally, Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, FM Ausubel et al., eds., Current Protocols, a joint venture between Greene Publishing Associates, Inc. and John Wiley & Sons, Inc., (1995 Supplement) (Ausubel)).
  • HSPs high-scoring sequence pairs
  • T some positive threshold score T
  • Fragment hits serve as seeds that initiate a search to find longer HSPs containing them, and fragment hits are then expanded in both directions along each sequence until the cumulative alignment score increases.
  • the cumulative score is calculated using the parameters M (reward score for a pair of matching residues; >0) and N (penalty score for a mismatched residue; ⁇ 0).
  • M return score for a pair of matching residues
  • N penalty score for a mismatched residue
  • a scoring matrix is used to calculate the cumulative score. Expansion of fragment hits in all directions will cease if: the cumulative alignment score drops by an amount lower; or to the end of either sequence.
  • the BLAST algorithm parameters W, T and 4, and a comparison of the two strands.
  • the BLASTP program defaults to a fragment length (W) of 3, an expectation (E) of 10, and the BLOSEIM62 scoring matrix (see Henikoff & Henikoff, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. ETSA 89:10915 (1989)).
  • the BLAST algorithm In addition to calculating percent sequence identity, the BLAST algorithm also calculates the similarity between two sequences. For statistical analysis (see, e.g., Karlin & Altschul, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. ETSA 90:5873-5787 (1993)), one similarity calculation provided by the BLAST algorithm is the minimum total probability (P(N)), which indicates It determines the probability of a match between two nucleotide or amino acid sequences occurring by chance. For example, assuming that in a comparison of a test nucleic acid and a reference sequence, the minimum total probability is less than about 0.1, more preferably less than about 0.01, and most preferably less than about 0.001, then it is considered that the The nucleic acid is similar to the reference sequence.
  • P(N) minimum total probability
  • nucleic acid sequences or polypeptides are substantially identical is that the polypeptide encoded by the first nucleic acid cross-reacts immunologically with the polypeptide encoded by the second nucleic acid, whereby the polypeptide is generally substantially identical to the second polypeptide. Identical, e.g. two peptides differ only in conservative substitutions.
  • Another indication that two nucleic acid sequences are substantially identical is that the two molecules hybridize to each other under stringent conditions.
  • nucleic acid is a polymer of nucleotides, and therefore nucleic acid and polynucleotide are used interchangeably. It is well known to those skilled in the art that nucleic acids are polynucleotides, which can be hydrolyzed into monomeric “nucleotides” and monomeric nucleotides can be hydrolyzed into nucleosides.
  • Polynucleotides referred to herein include, but are not limited to, all nucleic acid sequences obtained by any means available in the art, including but not limited to recombinant means, that is, cloning nucleic acid sequences from recombinant libraries or cell genomes, using ordinary cloning techniques and PCR, etc. , and by synthetic means.
  • peptide As used herein, the terms “peptide,” “polypeptide,” and “protein” are used interchangeably and refer to compounds consisting of amino acid residues covalently linked by peptide bonds.
  • a protein or peptide must contain at least two amino acids, and there is no limit on the maximum number of amino acids that make up a protein or peptide sequence.
  • the above terms include long and short chains.
  • Short chains are also commonly referred to in the art as peptides, oligopeptides and oligomers; and longer chains are commonly referred to in the art as proteins, which include many Types, for example, "polypeptide” include biologically active fragments, substantially homologous polypeptides, oligopeptides, homodimers, heterodimers, variants of polypeptides, modified polypeptides, derivatives, analogs, fusion proteins wait.
  • antigen-binding fragment refers to a polypeptide fragment comprising at least one CDR of an immunoglobulin heavy chain and/or light chain that binds to a target antigen.
  • the above antigen is FMC63.
  • Antigen-binding fragments of the antibodies described herein may comprise one, two, three, four, five, or all six CDRs from the VH and/or VL sequences of the antibody that binds FMC63.
  • the antigen-binding fragments of the FMC63-specific antibodies described herein are capable of binding to FMC63.
  • the antigen-binding fragments specifically bind and/or inhibit or modulate the biological activity of CAR-T cells.
  • antigen refers to a molecule or part of a protein molecule capable of being bound by a selective binding agent (eg, an antibody) and also capable of being administered to an animal to produce antibodies capable of binding to the antigenic epitope.
  • a selective binding agent eg, an antibody
  • An antigen may have one or more epitopes.
  • epitope includes any determinant, preferably a polypeptide determinant, capable of specific binding to an immunoglobulin or T cell receptor.
  • An epitope is a region of an antigen that is bound by an antibody.
  • an epitope determinant includes a chemically active surface group of the molecule, such as an amino acid, sugar side chain, phosphoryl, or sulfonyl group, and in certain embodiments Can have specific three-dimensional structural characteristics and/or specific charge characteristics.
  • an antibody is said to specifically bind an antigen when it preferentially recognizes a target antigen in a complex mixture of proteins and/or macromolecules.
  • the antibody-specific binding can be said to be antigen.
  • the equilibrium dissociation constant may be less than or equal to 10 ⁇ 9 M, or less than or equal to 10 ⁇ 10 M.
  • vector refers to any molecule (eg, nucleic acid, plasmid, or virus) used to transfer encoded information into a host cell.
  • expression vector refers to a vector suitable for transformation of a host cell and carrying a nucleic acid sequence that directly and/or controls expression of the inserted heterologous nucleic acid sequence, including but not limited to transcription, translation and RNA splicing if introns are present. Waiting process.
  • the present invention generally relates to isolated anti-FMC63 antibodies, nucleic acids and expression vectors encoding the antibodies, recombinant cells containing the vectors and compositions containing the antibodies. Methods of preparing antibodies are also provided, as well as CAR-T cells using the antibodies. Quality testing methods.
  • the antibody of the present invention has one or more desired functional properties, including but not limited to high affinity binding to FMC63, high specificity for FMC63, and the ability to activate or fail to activate CAR-T cell activity respectively.
  • the present invention relates to isolated monoclonal antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof that specifically bind FMC63.
  • antibody is used herein in a broad sense to include immunoglobulins or antibody molecules, antibodies Molecules include human, humanized, complex and chimeric antibodies as well as monoclonal or polyclonal antibody fragments. Generally, an antibody is a protein or peptide chain that exhibits binding specificity for a specific antigen. Its structure is well known.
  • immunoglobulins can be divided into five main categories (i.e., IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG and IgM), IgA and IgG are further subdivided into isotypes IgA1, IgA2, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4, and therefore, the antibodies of the invention can be any of the five main classes or corresponding subclasses.
  • the antibody of the invention is IgGl, IgG2, IgG3 or IgG4.
  • the antibody light chains of vertebrate animals can be classified into two distinct types, namely kappa and lambda.
  • the antibodies of the present invention can comprise kappa or lambda light chain constant domains.
  • the antibody of the invention includes a heavy chain and/or a light chain constant region from a rat or human antibody, and in addition to the heavy chain and light chain constant domains, the antibody also contains an antigen-binding region consisting of a light chain variable region It consists of a heavy chain variable region and a heavy chain variable region.
  • Each heavy chain variable region contains three domains (i.e. complementarity determining regions 1-3; CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3).
  • the light chain variable region domain is also called LCDR1 and LCDR2. and LCDR3, the heavy chain variable region domain is also known as HCDR1, HCDR2 and HCDR3.
  • isolated antibody refers to an antibody that is substantially free of other antibodies with different antigen specificities (e.g., an isolated antibody that specifically binds to FMC63 is substantially free of antibodies that do not bind to FMC63), and , the isolated antibodies are essentially free of other cellular material and/or chemicals.
  • the term "monoclonal antibody” as used herein refers to an antibody obtained from a population of antibodies that is substantially homogeneous, meaning that the individual antibodies making up the population are identical except for natural mutations that may be present in minor amounts.
  • the monoclonal antibody of the present invention can be prepared by hybridoma method, phage display technology, single lymphocyte gene cloning technology or recombinant DNA method.
  • the monoclonal antibody can be produced by hybridoma, and the hybridoma includes transgenic non-human animals such as transgenic animals.
  • the term "antigen-binding fragment” refers to an antibody fragment, such as Fab, Fab', F(ab') 2 , Fv fragment, disulfide-stabilized Fv fragment (dsFv), (dsFv) 2 , bispecific dsFv (dsFv-dsFv1), single chain antibody molecule (scFv), single domain antibody (sdab), camelized single domain antibody (camelized single domain antibody), nanobody, domain antibody, bivalent domain antibody or any other An antibody fragment that binds to an antigen but does not contain the complete antibody structure.
  • Antigen-binding fragments are capable of binding to the same antigen to which the parent antibody or parent antibody fragment binds.
  • the antigen-binding fragment comprises Contains the light chain variable region, the light chain constant region and the Fd segment of the heavy chain.
  • the antigen-binding fragments comprise Fab and F(ab').
  • single chain antibody refers to a single chain antibody conventional in the art, which contains a heavy chain variable region and a light chain variable region connected by a short peptide of about 15 to 20 amino acids.
  • single domain antibody refers to a single domain antibody conventional in the art, which contains a heavy chain variable region and a heavy chain constant region, or only a heavy chain variable region.
  • human antibody refers to an antibody produced by a human or an antibody prepared using any technique known in the art with an amino acid sequence corresponding to an antibody produced by a human.
  • the definition of human antibody includes intact or full-length antibodies, fragments thereof and/or an antibody comprising at least one human heavy chain and/or light chain polypeptide.
  • humanized antibody refers to a non-human antibody that has been modified to increase sequence homology to a human antibody, thereby retaining the antigen-binding properties of the antibody while reducing its antigenicity in the human body.
  • chimeric antibody refers to an antibody in which the amino acid sequence of the immunoglobulin molecule is derived from two or more species.
  • the variable regions of the light and heavy chains generally correspond to the variable regions of an antibody derived from one mammal (e.g., mouse, rat, rabbit, etc.) with the desired specificity, affinity, and affinity, while the constant region corresponds to Antibody sequences derived from another mammal, such as humans, to avoid triggering an immune response in that species.
  • an antibody that "specifically binds to FMC63” refers to an antibody that binds to FMC63 with 1 ⁇ 10 -7 M or less, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 -8 M or less, and more preferably 5 ⁇ 10 -9 M or less. , 1 ⁇ 10 -9 M or less, 5 ⁇ 10 -10 M or less, 1 ⁇ 10 -10 M or less K D value.
  • K D refers to the dissociation constant, which is obtained from the ratio of K d and Ka (i.e., K d /K a ) and is expressed in molar concentration (M).
  • the present application can use methods in the art to determine the K D value of the antibody.
  • the K D of the antibody can be determined by using surface plasmon resonance, such as by using a biosensor system ( systems), or by using biofilm interference technology (BLI), such as the Octet RED96 system.
  • the antibody term "specifically binds" refers to an antibody that recognizes a specific antigen but does not substantially recognize or bind to other molecules in the sample.
  • an antibody that specifically binds to an antigen from one species can also bind to antigens from one or more species, but this cross-species reactivity does not in itself change the antibody's Specific classification.
  • an antibody that specifically binds an antigen may also bind different allelic forms of the antigen, but this cross-reactivity does not in itself change the specificity classification of the antibody.
  • the terms “specific binding” or “specific binding” may be used to refer to the interaction of an antibody, protein, or peptide with a second chemical substance, indicating that the interaction depends on a specific structure on the chemical substance (e.g., an antigenic determinant or epitope); for example, an antibody recognizes and binds to a specific protein structure rather than the general structure of the protein. If the antibody is specific for epitope "A”, then in a reaction containing labeled "A" and the antibody, the presence of a molecule containing epitope A (or free, unlabeled A) will reduce binding of labeled A to the antibody amount.
  • a specific structure on the chemical substance e.g., an antigenic determinant or epitope
  • an antibody recognizes and binds to a specific protein structure rather than the general structure of the protein.
  • antibodies and antigen-binding fragments thereof as described herein include a collection of heavy and light chain CDRs, respectively, inserted between a collection of heavy and light chain framework regions (FRs) that provide support for the CDRs and The spatial relationship of CDRs relative to each other is defined.
  • CDR set refers to the three hypervariable regions of the heavy or light chain variable region, starting from the N-terminus of the heavy or light chain, these regions are designated as "CDR1", “CDR2" and “CDR2", respectively.
  • CDR3 therefore, the antigen-binding site includes six CDRs, including a set of CDRs from each of the heavy and light chain variable regions.
  • Polypeptides containing a single CDR are referred to herein as "molecular recognition units.” Crystallographic analysis of many antigen-antibody complexes shows that the amino acid residues of the CDRs form extensive contacts with the bound antigen, with the most extensive contacts with the antigen being heavy chain CDR3. Therefore, the molecular recognition unit is primarily responsible for the specificity of the antigen-binding site.
  • FR set refers to the four amino acid sequences flanking the CDRs that make up the heavy or light chain variable region. Some FR residues may contact bound antigen, however, FRs are primarily responsible for folding the variable region into the antigen-binding site, especially FR residues directly adjacent to CDRs. Certain amino acid residues and certain structural features are extremely highly conserved among FRs, and in this regard, all variable region sequences contain an internal disulfide ring of approximately 90 amino acid residues. When the variable region folds into a binding site, the CDR appears as a protruding circular motif, forming an antigen-binding surface.
  • immunoglobulin variable regions can be determined by reference to Kabat, EA et. al., Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, 4th Edition, US Department of Health and Human Services, 1987, and its updates, now available at internet (immuno.bme.nwu.edu).
  • antibody heavy chain refers to the larger of the two types of polypeptide chains present in all antibody molecules in its native structure.
  • the heavy chains of any vertebrate species can be assigned to one of five different classes (or isotypes): IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM, which are also designated alpha, delta, epsilon, and gamma, respectively. and ⁇ .
  • IgG and IgA classes are further divided into subclasses based on differences in sequence and function, with humans expressing the following subclasses: IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgA1, and IgA2.
  • antibody light chain refers to the smaller of the two types of polypeptide chains present in all antibody molecules in their native structure, kappa and lambda light chains being the two major antibody light chain isotypes .
  • synthetic antibody refers to antibodies produced using recombinant DNA techniques, such as antibodies expressed by the phage described herein.
  • the term shall also be construed to mean an antibody produced by the synthesis of a DNA molecule encoding the antibody, and the DNA molecule expresses the antibody protein, or the amino acid sequence of the specified antibody, where the DNA or amino acid sequence is synthesized using synthetic DNA or amino acid sequences customary and well known in the art. acquired by technology.
  • the antibody of the invention also includes conservative mutants thereof, which means that compared with the amino acid sequence of the antibody of the invention, there are at most 10, preferably at most 8, more preferably at most 5, and most preferably at most 3 amino acids. Polypeptides formed by amino acid substitutions with identical or similar properties. These conservative mutant polypeptides are preferably produced according to the amino acid substitutions in Table A.
  • the present invention relates to isolated nucleic acids encoding monoclonal antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof.
  • coding sequence of the protein can be changed (eg, replaced, deleted, inserted, etc.) without changing the amino acid sequence of the protein. Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that the nucleic acid sequence encoding the monoclonal antibody of the invention or its antigen-binding fragment can be changed without changing the amino acid sequence of the protein.
  • the invention also provides polynucleotides encoding the antibodies of the invention.
  • the invention also provides vectors comprising an isolated nucleic acid encoding a monoclonal antibody of the invention or an antigen-binding fragment thereof.
  • any vector known to those skilled in the art may be used, such as plasmids, cosmids, phage vectors or viral vectors.
  • the vector is a recombinant expression vector, such as a plasmid.
  • the vector may include any element that establishes the conventional functions of the expression vector, such as promoters, ribosome binding elements, terminators, enhancers, selectable markers, and origins of replication. Promoters may be constitutive, inducible, or repressible promoters.
  • the invention also provides host cells comprising an isolated nucleic acid encoding a monoclonal antibody of the invention or an antigen-binding fragment thereof. Based on the disclosure of this application, any host cell known to those skilled in the art can be used for recombinant
  • the group expresses the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof of the invention.
  • the host cell is E. coli TG1 or BL21 cells (for expression of, for example, scFv or Fab antibodies), CHO-DG44 or CHO-K1 cells, or HEK293 cells (for expression of, for example, full-length IgG antibodies).
  • the recombinant expression vector is transformed into the host cell by conventional methods such as chemical transfection, heat shock or electroporation, and is stably integrated into the host cell genome such that the recombinant nucleic acid is efficiently expressed.
  • the present invention also provides a method for producing a monoclonal antibody of the present invention or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, comprising culturing a cell containing a nucleic acid encoding a monoclonal antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof under conditions for producing the monoclonal antibody of the present invention or an antigen-binding fragment thereof. , and recover the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof from the cells or cell culture (e.g., supernatant).
  • the expressed antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof can be recovered from the cells and purified according to conventional techniques known in the art and as described herein.
  • polynucleotides may include genomic sequences, extragenomic and plasmid-encoded sequences, as well as smaller engineered gene fragments that express or can be used to express proteins, polypeptides, peptides, etc., and those skilled in the art may naturally Isolate or modify and synthesize such fragments.
  • polynucleotides may be single-stranded (coding strand or antisense strand) or double-stranded, and may be DNA (genomic, cDNA or synthetic DNA) or RNA molecules, RNA molecules may include HnRNA molecules that include introns and correspond to DNA molecules in a one-to-one manner, and mRNA molecules that do not include introns. Additional coding or non-coding sequences may, but not necessarily, be present in the polynucleotides of the present application, and polynucleotides may, but not necessarily, be connected to other molecules and/or auxiliary materials. Polynucleotides may include native sequences, and may also include sequences encoding variants or derivatives of such sequences.
  • a polynucleotide variant may comprise one or more substitutions, additions, deletions and/or insertions.
  • the antibody encoded by the variant polynucleotide has a binding affinity relative to the polynucleotide sequence specifically listed herein. Encoded antibodies are essentially not degraded.
  • polynucleotides described herein, or fragments thereof, regardless of the length of the coding sequence itself, can be combined with other DNA sequences, such as promoters, polyadenylation signals, additional restriction sites, multiple cloning sites, other coded segments, etc., so their total length may vary significantly.
  • nucleic acid fragments of almost any length may be used, preferably the total length of the recombinant DNA protocol contemplated Subject to ease of preparation and use, for example, a total length of about 10,000, about 5,000, about 3,000, about 2,000, about 1,000, about 500, about 200, about 100, about 50 base pairs (including all intermediate lengths ) are considered useful.
  • Site-directed mutagenesis allows the generation of mutants by using specific oligonucleotide sequences encoding the DNA sequence of the desired mutation, along with a sufficient number of adjacent nucleotides to provide a primer sequence of sufficient size and sequence complexity to be traversed
  • the deletions connect the two sides of the fragment to form a stable duplex. Mutations may be employed in selected polynucleotide sequences to improve, modify, reduce, modify or otherwise alter the properties of the polynucleotide itself, and/or to alter the properties, activity, composition, stability or otherwise of the encoded polypeptide. level sequence.
  • the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof according to the present invention is used in detection, for example, in the detection of samples to provide quality control information.
  • the invention also provides a kit containing the antibody (or fragment thereof) of the invention; in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the kit further includes a container, instructions, buffer, etc.
  • the antibodies of the invention can be immobilized on test plates.
  • Kits of the invention may also include tools and/or reagents known in the art for ELISA. According to requirements, the kit of the present invention may also include tubes for mixing each component, a well plate, instructions describing how to use it, etc.
  • the number of CD19 CAR-T cells is confirmed by detecting the presence of FMC63 in the sample.
  • the self-activation ability of CAR-T cells is detected by adding antibodies capable of activating CAR-T cells and antibodies that cannot activate CAR-T cells into the sample.
  • Example 1 Animal immunity and positive clone screening
  • the antigen specifically recognized by each antibody in this patent is CD19 CAR-FMC63, which has the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 1.
  • the specific sequence information is: DIQMTQTTSSLSASLGDRVTISCRASQDISKYLNWYQQKPDGTVKLLIYHTSRLHSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDYSLTISNLEQEDIATYFCQQGNTLPYTFGGGTKLEITGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSEVKLQESGPGLVAPSQ SLSVTCTVSGVSLPDYGVSWIRQPPRKGLEWLGVIWGSETTYYNSALKSRLTIIKDNSKSQVFLKMNSLQTDDTAIYYCAKHYYYGGSYAMDYWGQGTSVTVSS.
  • FMC63-hFc protein which is a single-chain form of scFv-hFc structure, and immunize rabbits at weeks 0, 3, 5, and 7.
  • the RNA from the spleen tissue is extracted and reverse transcribed into cDNA.
  • the antibody variable region sequence is amplified and connected to the phage vector pCANTAB-5E.
  • the Bio-Rad electroporation instrument is used to transfer the pCANTAB-5E connected to the antibody variable region.
  • the plasmid library was transferred into E. coli TG1 strain to construct a phage antibody library.
  • a phage library co-expressing the corresponding antibody scFv structure on the capsid protein was prepared and purified from the phage antibody library, and the resulting phage library was combined with CD19 CAR-1 with a positive rate of about 10%-30%.
  • Jurkat cells were co-incubated, and then flow sorting technology was used to screen the CD19 CAR-FMC63-specific phage first-round screening library from the constructed phage antibody library, and then the previous operation was repeated to obtain the second-round phage screening library and the third-round phage screening library.
  • the plasmid in the corresponding TG1 glycerol bacteria was extracted in this example, and the sequence was determined using pCANTAB-R1/R2 primers (primer sequence: pCANTAB5-R1 (SEQ ID No: 22): CCATGATTACGCCAAGCTTTGGAGCC, pCANTAB5-R2 (SEQ ID No: 23): CGATCTAAAGTTTTGTCGTCTTTCC), and the position of the complementary determining region (CDR) was determined using the IgBLAST tool.
  • the antibody heavy chain variable region nucleic acid sequence of the 1D6 clone was SEQ ID No.
  • the antibody light chain variable region nucleic acid sequence of the 1D6 clone was SEQ ID No. 25
  • the antibody heavy chain variable region nucleic acid sequence of the C1 clone was SEQ ID No. 26
  • the antibody light chain variable region nucleic acid sequence of the C1 clone was SEQ ID No. 27; the specific VH and VL nucleic acid sequences are shown in Table 1 below.
  • the antibody heavy chain variable region and antibody light chain variable region nucleic acid sequences of C1 clone are SEQ ID No. 2 and SEQ respectively.
  • ID No. 10 the nucleic acid sequences of the antibody heavy chain variable region and the antibody light chain variable region of the C3 clone are SEQ ID No. 14 and SEQ ID No. 18 respectively;
  • the specific amino acid sequences of V H , V L and CDR are as follows Table 2.
  • the antibody heavy and light chain variable regions in the plasmids of the previous examples were respectively amplified and connected to the pcDNA3.4 vector that already contained the rabbit anti-heavy and light chain constant regions.
  • the rabbit full-antibody expression plasmid was constructed and used ExpiCHO-S ( Invitrogen, USA) cell line expresses the corresponding rabbit monoclonal antibodies r1D6, rC1, and rC3.
  • the resulting r1D6, rC1, and rC3 cell culture supernatants were then used to purify the rabbit monoclonal antibodies using HiTrapTM rProtein A FF affinity chromatography columns (GE Healthcare, USA).
  • HRP horseradish peroxidase
  • the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results show that rabbit monoclonal antibodies r1D6, rC1, and rC3 can bind to FMC63 protein and do not bind to control mouse IgG, which fully demonstrates that rabbit monoclonal antibodies r1D6, rC1, and rC3 can specifically It specifically recognizes FMC63 protein and has no cross-reactivity to other mouse IgGs.
  • ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
  • Jurkat cells were infected with CD19 CAR lentivirus, BCMA CAR lentivirus or CD20 CAR lentivirus respectively to obtain corresponding CAR-Jurkat cells, wherein DUAL CAR-Jurkat cells are CD19 CAR + -CD20 CAR + -Jurkat cells.
  • Rabbit IgG isotype control
  • FIG. 3A The results are shown in Figure 3A.
  • r1D6 has a positive signal detection rate of 72.8% when detecting CD19 CAR-Jurkat cells with a positive rate of about 70%, and the antibody has a positive signal detection rate of about 50%.
  • the positive signal detection rate was 50.8%.
  • the positive signal detection rate is almost 0%.
  • Figure 3B is the peak chart form of Figure 3A, which can more intuitively see the detection of positive cells.
  • the rabbit monoclonal antibody r1D6 can specifically recognize the CD19 CAR structure on the cell surface, but does not recognize the BCMA CAR structure and the CD20 CAR structure. The difference between the three is only the scFv part in the extracellular CAR structure. Therefore, it can be seen that the rabbit Monoclonal antibody r1D6 specifically recognizes CD19 CAR-positive cells containing the FMC63 scFv sequence.
  • the flow cytometric detection results of rabbit monoclonal antibodies rC1 and rC3 were similar to this.
  • rabbit monoclonal antibodies r1D6, rC1, and rC3 can clearly distinguish CD19 CAR-positive and negative cell populations.
  • the signal peaks of the two do not overlap, and the detection accuracy is high.
  • CD19 CAR-Jurkat cells and Jurkat cells were count them after washing, adjust the cell density to 1 ⁇ 10 6 cells/ml, then take 1 ⁇ 10 5 cells CAR-Jurkat cells and negative Jurkat cells and mix them to prepare a positive rate for 50% CD19 CAR-Jurkat samples.
  • Use unstained cells as negative control use rabbit monoclonal antibodies r1D6, rC1, and rC3 to stain as the test group. After staining, wash twice, and then add the corresponding secondary antibodies (Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 ), then washed three times and tested on the machine.
  • the results are shown in Figure 6. Taking the rabbit monoclonal antibody r1D6 as an example, the flow cytometry test results show that the positive result of the test group is 50.0%, ranging from 45.0% to 55.0%. It can be seen that the rabbit monoclonal antibody r1D6 is in the flow cytometry test. When using CD19 CAR-Jurkat cells, the accuracy is extremely high. The flow cytometric detection results of other antibodies are similar. The specific data information is shown in Table 3.
  • Example 8 Anti-FMC63 monoclonal antibody detection precision analysis. Take CD19 CAR-Jurkat positive cells and Jurkat negative cells respectively, count them after washing, adjust the cell density to 1.0 ⁇ 10 6 cells/mL, and then take CD19 CAR-Jurkat and Jurkat cells. The cells were mixed and used as detection cells. The samples for the precision detection experiment were set up in 12 replicates, each sample was about 2 ⁇ 10 5 cells/test. The rA3-AF647 antibody was stained and incubated at room temperature in the dark for 30 minutes. After washing twice, it was tested on the machine.
  • Example 9 Anti-FMC63 monoclonal antibody cell function activation test: dilute r1D6, rC1, rC3, R19M (FMC63-specific antibody), OKT3 (CD3-specific antibody) and other antibodies to 10 ⁇ g/mL and 50 ⁇ g/mL, then take 50 ⁇ L of the diluted antibody solution and add it to the 96-well cell culture plate one by one, and incubate at 4°C overnight. Wash three times with PBS the next day, take the CD19 CAR-T cells and dilute them to 1 ⁇ 10 6 cells/mL, then add 200 ⁇ L of the cell suspension to the treated 96-well cell culture plate, and incubate in a 37°C cell culture incubator. Incubate for 3 days. After 3 days, take the culture supernatant and use an IFNgamma detection kit to detect the IFNgamma content in the supernatant to analyze the CAR-T cell activation ability of the corresponding antibody.
  • IFNgamma detection kit to detect
  • rabbit monoclonal antibody r1D6 does not activate CD19 CAR-T cells
  • rC1, rC3 and the known R19M and OKT3 monoclonal antibodies all activate CD19 CAR-T cells.
  • the two monoclonal antibodies r1D6 and rC1 have high sequence similarity, but they have distinct differences in activating CD19 CAR-T cells. Therefore, these two antibodies can be used in subsequent CD19 CAR - Used as a control antibody in T cell activation experiments, it can well eliminate non-specific background results caused by experimental operations or system changes.
  • CD19 CAR-Jurkat cells were washed with 1 ⁇ PBS, then fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 min at room temperature, washed with 1 ⁇ PBS, and then incubated with blocking solution (PBS containing 10% bovine serum) for 30 min at room temperature. minutes, wash the cells with 1 ⁇ PBS, add rabbit monoclonal antibodies r1D6, rC1, and rC3 and incubate at room temperature for 1 hour. After washing with 1 ⁇ PBS, incubate with goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L)-Cy3 secondary antibody for 30 minutes. The cells are coated with After the film was taken, the films were observed and photographed using a confocal microscope.
  • blocking solution PBS containing 10% bovine serum
  • HBS-EP+10X is used as the running buffer.
  • the Fc1 and Fc2 channels of the chip are activated with 11.5mg/ml NHS and 75mg/ml EDC (1:1) for 420s.
  • Antibody r1D6 and rC1 were diluted to 5 ⁇ g/mL with Acetate pH 5.5, and then injected into the activated channel Fc4 at a flow rate of 10 ⁇ L/min for coupling.
  • the coupling level was set to 150RU.
  • 1 Methanolamine was injected into the Fc1 and Fc2 channels. Carry out sealing processing, the sealing time is 420s.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un anticorps moléculaire CAR anti-CD19 et un procédé d'utilisation de l'anticorps. L'anticorps peut se lier de manière spécifique à CD19 CAR-FMC63, peut détecter de manière spécifique et précise une cellule positive CAR CD19, peut être utilisé pour détecter la fonction d'activation d'une cellule CAR-T, et répond aux exigences de contrôle de qualité de production de médicament à base de CAR-T, de surveillance de traitement clinique et de diagnostic auxiliaire.
PCT/CN2023/117611 2022-09-19 2023-09-08 Anticorps monoclonal pour détecter un niveau d'expression de car anti-cd19 et son utilisation dans l'activation de cellule car-t cd19 WO2024061021A1 (fr)

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Citations (4)

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WO2016112855A1 (fr) * 2015-01-13 2016-07-21 博生吉医药科技(苏州)有限公司 Anticorps monoclonal anti-cd19 et son procédé de préparation
CN108508200A (zh) * 2018-04-18 2018-09-07 上海尚珞生物医药科技有限公司 检测cd19 car的细胞的方法及其应用
CN110894238A (zh) * 2019-11-25 2020-03-20 华道(上海)生物医药有限公司 Car-t细胞的检测用单克隆抗体、试剂盒及应用
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CN111349161A (zh) * 2018-12-20 2020-06-30 上海星湾生物技术有限公司 抗cd19抗体的单克隆抗体及其应用
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