WO2024061002A1 - 氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物及其制备方法和应用、乙烯和降冰片烯的共聚反应 - Google Patents

氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物及其制备方法和应用、乙烯和降冰片烯的共聚反应 Download PDF

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WO2024061002A1
WO2024061002A1 PCT/CN2023/117339 CN2023117339W WO2024061002A1 WO 2024061002 A1 WO2024061002 A1 WO 2024061002A1 CN 2023117339 W CN2023117339 W CN 2023117339W WO 2024061002 A1 WO2024061002 A1 WO 2024061002A1
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substituted
unsubstituted
solvent
metal complex
formula
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高玉李
义建军
祖凤华
张明革
雷珺宇
洪柳婷
王莉
卫传志
孟子逸
崔春明
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F17/00Metallocenes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F210/00Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C08F210/02Ethene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F232/00Copolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system
    • C08F232/08Copolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system having condensed rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/642Component covered by group C08F4/64 with an organo-aluminium compound
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/659Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
    • C08F4/6592Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of metallocene complexes, and specifically relates to an azacyclic boron oxide-based metal complex, its preparation method and application, and a copolymerization reaction of ethylene and norbornene.
  • COC cyclic olefin copolymer
  • Tg glass transition temperature
  • copolymerization can control the polymer proportion and microstructure, making the properties of polymer materials controllable and variable.
  • COC materials are commercialized through the use of metallocene catalysts (such as TOPASVR) as ultrapure (suitable for advanced pharmaceutical packaging and food contact films), crystal clear (glass clear and amorphous) and high barrier properties (resistant to moisture, alcohol and acid )Material.
  • metallocene catalysts such as TOPASVR
  • TOPASVR metallocene catalysts
  • crystal clear glass clear and amorphous
  • high barrier properties resistant to moisture, alcohol and acid
  • single metallocene catalysts Due to its excellent catalytic performance and diverse ligand structures, single metallocene catalysts have been studied and applied in scientific research and industrial production in recent years. Among them, single metallocene catalysts containing aryloxy ligands (Cp'Ti(OAr )Cl 2 ) not only has good activity in the polymerization of ethylene, styrene and non-conjugated dienes, but also shows excellent copolymerization ability in the copolymerization of cyclic olefins, ⁇ -olefins and ethylene.
  • aryloxy ligands Cp'Ti(OAr )Cl 2
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems of low activity and poor thermal stability of existing metal complexes used to catalyze the polymerization of unsaturated olefins, as well as unstable polymerization during polymerization and easy generation of multiple active centers, and provide a new aza A borooxy metal complex and its preparation method and application, a copolymerization reaction of ethylene and norbornene, the aza borooxy metal complex optimizes the ligand structure so that it can catalyze ethylene and reduce Bornene has good activity, thermal stability and controllability when copolymerized.
  • the first aspect of the present invention provides a nitrogen heterocycle boryloxy metal complex, wherein the nitrogen heterocycle boryloxy metal complex has a structure shown in formula (I):
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl;
  • Cp' is selected from substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl and its Derivatives;
  • M is selected from Group IVB metal elements;
  • R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkoxy , substituted or unsubstituted benzyl.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing an azacyclic boron oxide-based metal complex.
  • the preparation method includes the following steps:
  • the azacycloboroxy metal complex has a structure represented by formula (I), wherein R 1 is selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl; Cp' is selected from substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl and its derivatives; M is selected from Group IVB metal elements; R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from halogen, substituted or unsubstituted Substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted Substituted C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted benzyl.
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl
  • Cp' is selected from substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl and
  • the third aspect of the present invention provides an azacyclic boroxy-based metal complex provided in the first aspect, or the azacyclic boroxy-based metal complex prepared by the preparation method provided in the second aspect in catalyzing the polymerization of unsaturated olefins. applications in.
  • a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a copolymerization reaction of ethylene and norbornene.
  • ethylene and norbornene are contacted and copolymerized to obtain an ethylene-norbornene copolymer;
  • the catalyst is selected from the azacyclic boron oxy-based metal complex provided in the first aspect, or the azacyclic boron oxy-based metal complex prepared by the preparation method provided in the second aspect.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the present invention provides a novel nitrogen heterocyclic boryl metal complex (i.e., a boron nitrogen phenanthrenyl monocyclopentadienyl Group IVB metal complex).
  • a novel nitrogen heterocyclic boryl metal complex i.e., a boron nitrogen phenanthrenyl monocyclopentadienyl Group IVB metal complex.
  • the boron oxygen ligand has a stronger ⁇ electron donation ability than the aryl oxygen ligand and has a suitable steric hindrance, so that the nitrogen heterocyclic boryl metal complex has a higher structural stability and catalytic activity.
  • the preparation method of the azacyclic boron oxy-based metal complex provided by the present invention is simple, the raw materials are simple and easy to obtain, the cost is low, the properties are stable, and it is convenient for industrial production;
  • the azacyclic boron oxygen-based metal complex provided by the present invention broadens the COC polymer catalyst system, and at the same time, it catalyzes the polymerization of unsaturated olefins, especially the copolymerization of ethylene and norbornene.
  • the catalytically active center of the oxygen-based metal complex has good stability.
  • the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer and the norbornene content in the copolymer can be adjusted by adjusting the type of catalyst.
  • Figure 1 is a hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the azacyclic boron oxy metal complex S2 prepared in Preparation Example 2;
  • Figure 2 is a hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the azacyclic boron oxy metal complex S4 prepared in Preparation Example 4.
  • first”, “second”, “third” and “fourth” neither represent the sequence nor limit each material or step, but only Used to distinguish or indicate that this is not the same material or step.
  • first”, “second”, “third” and “fourth” in “first solvent”, “second solvent”, “third solvent” and “fourth solvent” are only used to represent these Not the same solvent; similarly, “first”, “second” and “third” in “first reaction”, “second reaction” and “third reaction” are only used to indicate that this is not the same reaction.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides an azacyclic boron oxy-based metal complex, which has a structure represented by formula (I):
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl;
  • Cp' is selected from substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl and its Derivatives;
  • M is selected from Group IVB metal elements;
  • R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkoxy , substituted or unsubstituted benzyl.
  • the substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl group is selected from the group consisting of substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl group and unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl group, wherein,
  • the substituent groups in the substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl group include but are not limited to N, O, S, halogen, hydrocarbon group, etc., and are preferably hydrocarbon groups.
  • the unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl group only contains C and H; the same
  • the substituent groups in the substituted C 6 -C 12 aryl group, the substituted cyclopentadienyl group and its derivatives, the substituted C 1 -C 10 alkoxy group and the substituted benzyl group each independently include and do not They are limited to N, O, S, halogen, hydrocarbon groups, etc., and are preferably hydrocarbon groups.
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, hydrocarbyl-substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 5 alkyl, hydrocarbyl substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aromatic group; further preferably, R 1 is selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 5 alkyl, phenyl, and hydrocarbyl-substituted phenyl.
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, tert-butyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl , 2,6-diisopropylphenyl, 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl.
  • the azacyclic boron oxide-based metal complex represented by formula (I) has higher catalytic activity during catalytic polymerization.
  • the hydrocarbyl substitution in R 1 is selected from C 1 -C 5 alkyl, preferably selected from methyl and isopropyl.
  • Cp' is selected from hydrocarbyl-substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl, hydrocarbyl-substituted or unsubstituted pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, hydrocarbyl Substituted or unsubstituted tert-butylcyclopentadienyl, hydrocarbyl-substituted or unsubstituted indenyl, hydrocarbyl-substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl.
  • Cp' is selected from a hydrocarbon-substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl, a hydrocarbon-substituted or unsubstituted pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, a hydrocarbon-substituted or unsubstituted indenyl, a hydrocarbon-substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl.
  • Cp' is selected from cyclopentadienyl substituted or unsubstituted by hydrocarbon group, pentamethylcyclopentadienyl substituted or unsubstituted by hydrocarbon group.
  • the preferred conditions are more conducive to improving the stability of the active center of the nitrogen heterocycle boryloxy metal complex represented by formula (I), thereby improving the catalytic activity of the nitrogen heterocycle boryloxy metal complex.
  • the hydrocarbyl substitution in Cp' is selected from C 1 -C 5 alkyl, preferably selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, and tert-butyl.
  • M is selected from Ti, Zr, Hf.
  • R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from halogen, hydrocarbyl substitution or Unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl group, hydrocarbyl substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkoxy group, hydrocarbyl substituted or unsubstituted benzyl group.
  • halogen is abbreviated as X and is selected from fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.
  • R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from halogen, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, hydrocarbyl substituted or unsubstituted benzyl .
  • R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from halogen, C 1 -C 5 alkyl, C 1 -C 5 alkoxy, benzyl; most preferably, R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from fluorine, chlorine, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, methoxy, and benzyl.
  • the hydrocarbyl substitutions in R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from C 1 -C 5 alkyl, preferably selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, and tert-butyl.
  • R 2 and R 3 may be the same or different; preferably, R 2 and R 3 are the same.
  • R 1 is selected from 2,6-diisopropylphenyl, Cp' is selected from cyclopentadienyl, M is selected from Ti, and R 2 and R 3 are both selected from chlorine; in formula (I), R 1 is selected from 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl, Cp' is selected from pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, M is selected from Ti, R 2 and R 3 are both selected from chlorine; in formula (I), R 1 is selected from 2,6-dimethylphenyl, Cp' is selected from cyclopentadienyl, M is selected from Ti, and R 2 and R 3 are both selected from chlorine; in formula (I), R 1 is selected from phenyl, Cp' is selected from cyclopentadienyl, M is selected from Zr, R 2 and R 3 are both selected from chlorine; in formula (I), R 1 is selected from From 2,6-diisopropylphenyl, Cp
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing an azacyclic boron oxide-based metal complex.
  • the preparation method includes the following steps:
  • the azacycloboroxy metal complex has a structure shown in formula (I), wherein R 1 is selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl; Cp' is selected from substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl and its derivatives; M is selected from Group IVB metal elements; R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from halogen, substituted or unsubstituted Substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted benzyl.
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl
  • Cp' is selected from substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl and its derivatives
  • the inert gas includes but is not limited to nitrogen, helium, argon and neon.
  • the compound represented by formula (II) is a substituted or unsubstituted borazine hydroxy compound
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl; preferably selected from hydrogen, hydrocarbyl substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 5 Alkyl, hydrocarbyl substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl group; further preferably selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 5 alkyl, phenyl, hydrocarbyl substituted phenyl; more preferably selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl base, propyl, tert-butyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, 2,6-diisopropylphenyl, 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl.
  • Cp' and M are in accordance with the definitions of Cp' and M in the above formula (I), and the present invention does not make any claims here.
  • X is halogen, including but not limited to fluorine, chlorine, bromine, etc.
  • the molar ratio of the compound represented by formula (II), sodium hydride and metal ligand is 1:1-3:0.8-1.5, for example , 1:1:0.8, 1:1:1, 1:1.5:1, 1:1.5:1.2, 1:1.5:1.5, 1:2:1, 1:2:1.2, 1:3:1.5, and Any value in the range consisting of any two numerical values, preferably 1:1.5-2:1-1.2.
  • the addition temperature of the metal ligand is -78 to 80°C, for example, -78, -50, -25, 0, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, and any value in the range of any two numerical values, preferably 20-60°C.
  • the addition temperature is lower than -78°C, the second reaction rate will be significantly reduced; when the addition temperature is higher than 80°C, uncontrollable side reactions will occur during the second reaction, reducing the yield.
  • the first reaction is intended to convert the compound represented by formula (II) (ie, a substituted or unsubstituted boron phenanthrene hydroxy compound) into a substituted or unsubstituted boron nitrogen
  • the second reaction is intended to complex the substituted or unsubstituted boron nitrogen phenanthrene oxygen group and the metal ligand to obtain the complex shown in formula (I) (i.e., the substituted or unsubstituted boron nitrogen Phenanthoxymonocene Group IVB metal complexes).
  • the conditions of the first reaction and the second reaction independently include: temperature is 15-40°C, preferably 20-30°C; time is 10-18h, preferably 12-16h.
  • the usage ratio of the compound represented by formula (II) in mmol and the first solvent in mL is 1:10-30, for example, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20, 1:25, 1:30, and any value in the range of any two numerical values, preferably 1:15-25. That is, relative to 1 mmol of the compound represented by the formula (II), the amount of the first solvent is 10-30 mL, preferably 15-25 mL.
  • the first solvent is selected from organic ethers, preferably from diethyl ether and/or tetrahydrofuran, more preferably diethyl ether.
  • step (2) the intermediate product obtained in step (1) is used as an azacyclic boron oxide metal complex, that is, in the complex represented by formula (I), both R 2 and R 3 are selected Since halogen.
  • the first reduced pressure is intended to remove the first solvent unless otherwise specified.
  • the molar ratio of the intermediate product and alkyl Grignard reagent is 0.8-1.2:3, for example, 0.8:3, 1:3, 1.1: 3. 1.2:3, and any value in the range of any two numerical values, preferably 1-1.2:3.
  • Adopting preferred conditions is more conducive to completely replacing R 2 and R 3 (halogen) in the complex represented by formula (I) with alkyl groups. (ie, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted benzyl).
  • the alkyl Grignard reagent includes but is not limited to methylmagnesium bromide and methylmagnesium chloride.
  • the third reaction is intended to convert the halogen group in the intermediate product into an alkyl group.
  • the conditions for the third reaction include: temperature is 15-40°C, preferably 20-30°C; time is 10-18h, preferably 12-16h.
  • the usage ratio of the compound represented by formula (II) in mmol and the second solvent in mL is 1:10-30, for example, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20, 1:25, 1:30, and any value in the range of any two numerical values, preferably 1:15-25. That is, relative to 1 mmol of the compound represented by the formula (II), the amount of the second solvent is 10-30 mL, preferably 15-25 mL.
  • the second solvent is selected from at least one of benzene, toluene, xylene, n-hexane, n-pentane, n-heptane, cyclohexane and tetrahydrofuran, preferably toluene.
  • the preparation method further includes: performing a first extraction on the first depressurized product and a third solvent, and subjecting the obtained first extraction liquid to a second depressurization to obtain the intermediate product.
  • the preparation method further includes: performing a second extraction on the product of the third reaction and a fourth solvent, and subjecting the obtained second extraction liquid to a third decompression to obtain the The azacyclic boron oxide-based metal complex.
  • the usage ratio of the compound represented by formula (II) in mmol and the third solvent in mL is 1:10-30, for example, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20, 1:25, 1:30, and any value in the range of any two numerical values, preferably 1:15-25. That is, relative to 1 mmol of the compound represented by the formula (II), the amount of the third solvent is 10-30 mL, preferably 15-25 mL.
  • the usage ratio of the compound represented by formula (II) in mmol and the fourth solvent in mL is 1:10-30, for example, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20, 1:25, 1:30, and any value in the range of any two numerical values, preferably 1:15-25. That is, relative to 1 mmol of the compound represented by the formula (II), the amount of the fourth solvent is 10-30 mL, preferably 15-25 mL.
  • the third solvent and the fourth solvent are each independently selected from at least one of n-hexane, n-pentane, n-heptane and cyclohexane, preferably n-hexane.
  • the third aspect of the present invention provides an azacyclic boroxy-based metal complex provided in the first aspect, or the azacyclic boroxy-based metal complex prepared by the preparation method provided in the second aspect in catalyzing the polymerization of unsaturated olefins. applications in.
  • the azacyclic boron oxy-based metal complex provided by the invention has a boron-oxygen electron donor structure and large substituent steric hindrance, which makes the catalytic active center have good stability, thereby effectively improving the azacyclic boron oxy-based metal complex. catalytic activity.
  • the azacyclic boron oxide metal complex provided by the present invention is used in catalyzing ethylene, propylene Alkene, 1-octene, cyclobutene, cyclopentene, norbornene, 1,4,5,8-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene (DMON) aggregation application.
  • DMON 1,4,5,8-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene
  • the azacyclic boron oxide-based metal complex provided by the present invention is used in catalyzing the copolymerization of ethylene and norbornene.
  • a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a copolymerization reaction of ethylene and norbornene.
  • ethylene and norbornene are contacted and copolymerized to obtain an ethylene-norbornene copolymer;
  • the catalyst is selected from the azacyclic boron oxy-based metal complex provided in the first aspect, or the azacyclic boron oxy-based metal complex prepared by the preparation method provided in the second aspect.
  • the molar ratio of the catalyst and norbornene is 1:50-15000, for example, 1:50, 1:100, 1:500, 1:1500, 1:2000 , 1:3000, 1:4000, 1:5000, 1:8000, 1:10000, 1:15000, and any value in the range of any two numerical values, preferably 1:1500-5000.
  • the molar ratio of ethylene and norbornene is 1:1-10, for example, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3.5, 1:4, 1:4.5 , 1:5, 1:10, and any value in the range of any two numerical values, preferably 1:3.5-4.5, more preferably 1:4.
  • the molar ratio of the catalyst and cocatalyst is 1:50-2000, for example, 1:50, 1:100, 1:200, 1:400, 1:600, 1:800, 1:1000, 1:1200, 1:1500, 1:2000, and any value in the range consisting of any two numerical values, preferably 1:400-1200.
  • the ratio of cocatalyst to catalyst is too low, the catalytic activity of the catalyst is significantly reduced or even no polymerization occurs; when the ratio of cocatalyst to catalyst is too high, the polymerization activity and polymer molecular weight will be reduced.
  • the conditions for the copolymerization reaction include: temperature is 0-100°C, preferably 60-80°C; pressure is 1-10MPa, preferably 0.3-0.5MPa; time is 1 -20min, preferably 1-5min.
  • the pressure refers to gauge pressure.
  • the cocatalyst is selected from at least one of methylaluminoxane (MAO for short), modified methylaluminoxane and tripentafluorophenylboron.
  • MAO methylaluminoxane
  • the copolymerization solvent is selected from at least one of benzene, toluene, n-hexane, tetrahydrofuran and dichloromethane, preferably toluene.
  • the usage ratio of the catalyst in mmol and the copolymerization solvent in mL is 1:10-30, for example, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20, 1 :25, 1:30, and any value in the range of any two numerical values, preferably 1:15-25. That is, relative to 1 mmol of the catalyst, the amount of the copolymerization solvent is 10-30 mL, preferably 15-25 mL.
  • an azacyclic boroxy-based metal complex for catalyzing the polymerization of unsaturated olefins has the formula (I) structure:
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, tert-butyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, 2,6-diisopropylphenyl, 2,4,6 -Trimethylphenyl;
  • Cp' is selected from hydrocarbyl-substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl, hydrocarbyl-substituted or unsubstituted pentamethylcyclopentadienyl;
  • M is selected from Ti, Zr, Hf;
  • R 2 and R 3 is each independently selected from fluorine, chlorine, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, methoxy, and benzyl.
  • the difference is that the substituent of the boron nitrogen phenanthrene hydroxyl compound is replaced by 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl; the metal ligand is replaced by the metal ligand Cp'TiCl 3 (1mmol; Cp' is selected from pentamethylcyclopentadienyl), and the other conditions are the same to obtain an intermediate product (black solid, 0.277g, 0.49mmol) as the nitrogen heterocyclic borooxy metal complex S2;
  • the yield of the azacyclic boroxy metal complex S4 is 75%; the hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the azacyclic boroxy metal complex S4 is shown in Figure 2. From Figure 2, it can be seen that 1H NMR (C6D6 ): ⁇ 8.39-8.36(m,1H,Ar-H),8.28-8.22(m,3H,Ar-H),8.05-8.04(m,1H,Ar-H),7.42-7.34(m,4H ,Ar-H),6.93-6.90(m,2H,Ar-H),6.71-6.65(m,2H,Ar-H),3.74(s,5H,Ar-H).
  • the difference is that the amount of sodium hydride is replaced with 1 mmol, the amount of metal ligand is replaced with 0.8 mmol, and the other conditions are the same, an azacyclic boron oxy metal complex S6 is obtained; wherein, nitrogen The yield of heterocyclic boron oxide metal complex S6 was 20%.
  • the difference is that methyl magnesium bromide is replaced by 1 mmol, and the other conditions are the same to obtain azacyclic boronoxy metal complex S7; wherein, the azacyclic boronoxy metal complex S7 The yield is 23%.
  • Preparation Example 1 is more conducive to improving the properties of the azacyclic boron oxide-based metal complex by regulating the molar ratio of the compound represented by formula (II), sodium hydride and metal ligand. Yield; Compared with Preparation Example 7, Preparation Example 5 is more conducive to improving the yield of the azacyclic boron oxide metal complex by adjusting the molar ratio of the intermediate product and the alkyl Grignard reagent.
  • the weight average molecular weight of ethylene-norbornene copolymer P1 is 27300g/mol, and the molecular weight distribution is 3.42; based on the total weight of ethylene-norbornene copolymer P1, the norbornene content is 36wt%.
  • Example 2 According to the method of Example 1, the difference is that 0.5 ⁇ mol of azacyclic boron oxy metal complex S1 is replaced with 0.5 ⁇ mol of aza boron oxy metal complex S2-S7, and the other conditions are the same to obtain ethylene- Norbornene copolymers P2-P7, the test results are listed in Table 2.
  • the weight average molecular weight of ethylene-norbornene copolymer P3 is 43000g/mol, and the molecular weight distribution is 3.0.
  • Example 3 According to the method of Example 3, the difference is that the amount of azacyclic boron oxy metal complex S3 is replaced with 0.1 ⁇ mol, and the other conditions are the same to obtain ethylene-norbornene copolymer P8.
  • the test results are listed in Table 2.
  • Example 3 The method of Example 3 was followed, except that the copolymerization reaction time was replaced with 10 min. Other conditions were the same to obtain ethylene-norbornene copolymer P9. The test results are listed in Table 2.
  • Example 3 The method of Example 3 was followed, except that the copolymerization temperature was changed to 50° C. and the other conditions were the same to obtain ethylene-norbornene copolymer P10.
  • the test results are listed in Table 2.
  • Example 3 is more conducive to improving the catalyst activity by adjusting the amount of catalyst so that the molar ratio of catalyst and cocatalyst is within the preferred protection range; compared with Example 9, Example 3 The scheme of regulating the copolymerization reaction time within the preferred protection range is more conducive to improving the catalytic activity; compared with Example 10, Example 3 is more conducive to improving the catalytic activity by regulating the copolymerization reaction temperature within the preferred protection range.

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Abstract

一种氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物及其制备方法和应用、一种乙烯和降冰片烯的共聚反应。所述氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物具有式(I)所示的结构,其中,R 1选自氢、取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基、取代或未取代的C 6-C 12芳香基;Cp'选自取代或未取代的环戊二烯基及其衍生物;M选自第IVB族金属元素;R 2和R 3各自独立地选自卤素、取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷氧基、取代或未取代的苄基。该氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物具有较高的结构稳定性和催化活性。

Description

氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物及其制备方法和应用、乙烯和降冰片烯的共聚反应
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2022年09月21日提交的中国专利申请202211154151.3的权益,该申请的内容通过引用被合并于本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及茂金属配合物技术领域,具体涉及一种氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物及其制备方法和应用、一种乙烯和降冰片烯的共聚反应。
背景技术
在我们的日常生活中聚烯烃产品扮演者越来越重要的角色,各种高性能聚合物产品已广泛应用于我们的日常生活,这其中某些环烯烃共聚物(COC)材料高透明度以及湿度、耐热性和高玻璃化转变温度(Tg)等优异的性能,得到了越来越广泛的关注。通常COC的实际生产有三个过程,例如:(1)开环,多环烯烃的复分解聚合和随后的加氢;(2)乙烯与环烯烃的配位共聚;(3)环烯烃的均聚。特别是共聚,其可以控制聚合物比例以及微观结构的特点使聚合物材料性能可控且多变,因此,多种配合物应用于催化乙烯与NBE共聚,例如茂金属、连接的半茂钛(所谓的受限几何类型)、非桥连的半茂钛和其他所谓的非茂金属。这些COC材料通过使用茂金属催化剂进行商业化(如TOPASVR)作为超纯(适用于高级制药包装和食品接触薄膜)、晶莹剔透(玻璃透明和无定形)和高阻隔性(耐湿、耐酒精和耐酸)材料。然而,有效合成具有高NBE含量(>50mol%)的无规、高分子量共聚物的成功例子仍然有限。COC材料在先进光学、医疗器材、容器以及包装等领域已经得到了市场化应用并且拥有广阔的发展前景,近年来得到迅速发展并表现出强劲动力。
单茂金属催化剂由于其出色的催化性能以及多样的配体结构近年来在科学研究以及工业生产中得到了许多研究与应用,其中,含芳氧基配体的单茂催化剂(Cp'Ti(OAr)Cl2)不仅在乙烯、苯乙烯以及非共轭二烯聚合中有良好的活性,而且对于环烯烃,α-烯烃与乙烯的共聚中也表现出优异的共聚能力。
Nomura报道了一种芳基上含有吸电子基团的芳基氧给电子体配合物,其在催化乙烯与降冰片烯共聚时表现出优异的催化性能(Organometallics 2016,35,1895-1905),这类含有吸电子取代基的芳基氧单茂钛配合物却表现出比其给电子取代基类似物更高效的催化行为,但其聚合活性低,热稳定性差。
Kretschmer和Hessen报道了一种咪唑啉啶-亚胺基给电子体配合物(Chemical Communications,2002,114(6):608-609)作为催化烯烃聚合的催化剂前体,在B(C6F5)3作为助催化剂的条件下,该配合 物在催化乙烯均聚时表现出很高的催化活性,甚至高于其酰基酮亚胺给电子类似物以及磷亚胺基给电子体类似物,但其配体由于存在异构化现象使得其在催化烯烃聚合时聚合不稳定,容易产生多活性中心。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有用于催化不饱和烯烃聚合的金属配合物时存在活性低、热稳定差,以及聚合时聚合不稳定、易产生多活性中心等问题,提供一种新的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物及其制备方法和应用、一种乙烯和降冰片烯的共聚反应,该氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物通过对配体结构进行优化,使其在催化乙烯和降冰片烯共聚时具有良好的活性、热稳定性和控制性。
为了实现上述目的,本发明第一方面提供一种氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物,所述氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物具有式(I)所示的结构:
其中,R1选自氢、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷基、取代或未取代的C6-C12芳香基;Cp'选自取代或未取代的环戊二烯基及其衍生物;M选自第IVB族金属元素;R2和R3各自独立地选自卤素、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷基、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷氧基、取代或未取代的苄基。
本发明第二方面提供一种氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)在惰性气体和第一溶剂存在下,将式(II)所示的化合物和氢化钠进行第一反应,再加入通式为Cp'MX3的金属配体进行第二反应,经第一减压除去所述第一溶剂,得到的中间产物作为氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物;
(2)可选地,在惰性气体和第二溶剂存在下,将所述中间产物和烷基格氏试剂进行第三反应,得到氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物;
其中,所述氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物具有式(I)所示的结构,其中,R1选自氢、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷基、取代或未取代的C6-C12芳香基;Cp'选自取代或未取代的环戊二烯基及其衍生物;M选自第IVB族金属元素;R2和R3各自独立地选自卤素、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷基、取代或未 取代的C1-C10烷氧基、取代或未取代的苄基。
本发明第三方面提供一种第一方面提供的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物,或者,第二方面提供的制备方法制得的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物在催化不饱和烯烃聚合中的应用。
本发明第四方面提供一种乙烯和降冰片烯的共聚反应,在催化剂、助催化剂和聚合溶剂存在下,将乙烯和降冰片烯接触并进行共聚反应,得到乙烯-降冰片烯共聚物;
其中,所述催化剂选自第一方面提供的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物,或者,第二方面提供的制备方法制得的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物。
相比现有技术,本发明具有以下优势:
(1)本发明提供一种结构新颖的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物(即,硼氮菲氧基单茂第IVB族金属配合物),通过对配体结构进行优化,易于调控硼氧给电子体配位非桥联单茂第IVB族金属配合物,该硼氧基配体相较于芳基氧配体具有更强的π给电子能力,同时具有合适的空间位阻,使得氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物具有较高的结构稳定性和催化活性;
(2)本发明提供的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物的制备方法简单,原料简单易得,成本低廉,性质稳定,便于工业化生产;
(3)本发明提供的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物拓宽了COC聚合物催化剂体系,同时,将其催化不饱和烯烃聚合,尤其是催化乙烯和降冰片烯的共聚,该氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物的催化活性中心具有很好的稳定性,尤其是可通过调整催化剂的种类,进而调控共聚物的重均分子量以及共聚物中降冰片烯含量。
附图说明
图1是制备例2制得的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S2的核磁共振氢谱图;
图2是制备例4制得的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S4的核磁共振氢谱图。
具体实施方式
在本发明中,没有特殊情况说明下,“第一”、“第二”、“第三”和“第四”既不表示先后次序,也不表示对各个物料或步骤起限定作用,仅是用于区分或表示这不是同一物料或步骤。例如,“第一溶剂”、“第二溶剂”、“第三溶剂”和“第四溶剂”中“第一”、“第二”、“第三”和“第四”仅用于表示这不是同一溶剂;同理,“第一反应”、“第二反应”和“第三反应”中的“第一”、“第二”和“第三”仅用于表示这不是同一反应。
本发明第一方面提供一种氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物,所述氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物具有式(I)所示的结构:
其中,R1选自氢、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷基、取代或未取代的C6-C12芳香基;Cp'选自取代或未取代的环戊二烯基及其衍生物;M选自第IVB族金属元素;R2和R3各自独立地选自卤素、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷基、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷氧基、取代或未取代的苄基。
在本发明中,没有特殊情况说明下,所述取代或未取代的C1-C10烷基选自取代的C1-C10烷基、未取代的C1-C10烷基,其中,取代的C1-C10烷基中取代基团包括并不局限于N、O、S、卤素、烃基等,优选为烃基,未取代的C1-C10烷基仅含有C、H;同理,取代的C6-C12芳香基、取代的环戊二烯基及其衍生物、取代的C1-C10烷氧基和取代的苄基中的取代基团各自独立地包括并不局限于N、O、S、卤素、烃基等,优选为烃基。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,式(I)中,R1选自氢、烃基取代或未取代的C1-C5烷基、烃基取代或未取代的C6-C12芳香基;进一步优选地,R1选自氢、C1-C5烷基、苯基、烃基取代的苯基。
在本发明的一些优选实施方式中,优选地,式(I)中,R1选自氢、甲基、乙基、丙基、叔丁基、苯基、2,6-二甲基苯基、2,6-二异丙基苯基、2,4,6-三甲基苯基。采用优选的条件,将式(I)所示的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物在催化聚合时具有更高的催化活性。
在本发明的一些优选的实施方式中,优选地,式(I)中,R1中烃基取代选自C1-C5烷基,优选选自甲基、异丙基。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,式(I)中,Cp'选自烃基取代或未取代的环戊二烯基、烃基取代或未取代的五甲基环戊二烯基、烃基取代或未取代的叔丁基环戊二烯基、烃基取代或未取代的茚基、烃基取代或未取代的芴基。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,进一步优选地,Cp'选自烃基取代或未取代的环戊二烯基、烃基取代或未取代的五甲基环戊二烯基、烃基取代或未取代的茚基、烃基取代或未取代的芴基。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,更优选地,Cp'选自烃基取代或未取代的环戊二烯基、烃基取代或未取代的五甲基环戊二烯基。采用优选的条件,更有利于提高具有式(I)所示的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物的活性中心的稳定性,进而提高氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物的催化活性。
在本发明的一些优选的实施方式中,优选地,Cp'中烃基取代选自C1-C5烷基,优选选自甲基、乙基、丙基、叔丁基。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,式(I)中,M选自Ti、Zr、Hf。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,式(I)中,R2和R3各自独立地选自卤素、烃基取代或 未取代的C1-C10烷基、烃基取代或未取代的C1-C10烷氧基、烃基取代或未取代的苄基。在本发明中,没有特殊情况说明下,卤素简称为X,选自氟、氯、溴、碘。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,进一步优选地,R2和R3各自独立地选自卤素、C1-C10烷基、C1-C10烷氧基、烃基取代或未取代的苄基。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,更优选地,R2和R3各自独立地选自卤素、C1-C5烷基、C1-C5烷氧基、苄基;最优选地,R2和R3各自独立地选自氟、氯、甲基、乙基、异丙基、甲氧基、苄基。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,R2和R3中烃基取代各自独立地选自C1-C5烷基,优选选自甲基、乙基、丙基、叔丁基。
在本发明中,没有特殊情况说明下,式(I)中,R2和R3可以相同,也可以不同;优选R2和R3相同。
在本发明提供的一种具体实施方式中,式(I)中,R1选自2,6-二异丙基苯基,Cp'选自环戊二烯基,M选自Ti,R2和R3均选自氯;式(I)中,R1选自2,4,6-三甲基苯基,Cp'选自五甲基环戊二烯基,M选自Ti,R2和R3均选自氯;式(I)中,R1选自2,6-二甲基苯基,Cp'选自环戊二烯基,M选自Ti,R2和R3均选自氯;式(I)中,R1选自苯基,Cp'选自环戊二烯基,M选自Zr,R2和R3均选自氯;式(I)中,R1选自2,6-二异丙基苯基,Cp'选自环戊二烯基,M选自Ti,R2和R3均选自甲基。
本发明第二方面提供一种氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)在惰性气体和第一溶剂存在下,将式(II)所示的化合物和氢化钠进行第一反应,再加入通式为Cp'MX3的金属配体进行第二反应,经第一减压除去所述第一溶剂,得到的中间产物作为氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物;
(2)可选地,在惰性气体和第二溶剂存在下,将所述中间产物和烷基格氏试剂进行第三反应,得到氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物;
其中,所述氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物具有式(I)所示的结构,其中,R1选自氢、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷基、取代或未取代的C6-C12芳香基;Cp'选自取代或未取代的环戊二烯基及其衍生物;M选自第IVB族金属元素;R2和R3各自独立地选自卤素、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷基、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷氧基、取代或未取代的苄基。
在本发明中,没有特殊情况说明下,所述惰性气体包括并不局限于氮气、氦气、氩气和氖气。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述式(II)所示的化合物为取代或未取代的硼氮菲羟基化合物, 其中,R1选自氢、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷基、取代或未取代的C6-C12芳香基;优选选自氢、烃基取代或未取代的C1-C5烷基、烃基取代或未取代的C6-C12芳香基;进一步优选选自氢、C1-C5烷基、苯基、烃基取代的苯基;更优选选自氢、甲基、乙基、丙基、叔丁基、苯基、2,6-二甲基苯基、2,6-二异丙基苯基、2,4,6-三甲基苯基。
在本发明中,没有特殊情况说明下,所述通式为Cp'MX3的金属配体中,Cp'和M均依照上述式(I)中Cp'和M的限定,本发明在此不作赘述,X为卤素,包括并不局限于氟、氯、溴等。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,步骤(1)中,所述式(II)所示的化合物、氢化钠和金属配体的摩尔比为1:1-3:0.8-1.5,例如,1:1:0.8、1:1:1、1:1.5:1、1:1.5:1.2、1:1.5:1.5、1:2:1、1:2:1.2、1:3:1.5、以及任意两个数值组成的范围中的任意值,优选为1:1.5-2:1-1.2。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,所述金属配体的加入温度为-78至80℃,例如,-78、-50、-25、0、20、30、40、50、60、80,以及任意两个数值组成的范围中的任意值,优选为20-60℃。当加入温度低于-78℃,第二反应速度会显著降低;当加入温度高于80℃,第二反应过程中会出现不可控得副反应,使产率降低。
在本发明中,步骤(1)中,所述第一反应旨在将式(II)所示的化合物(即,取代或未取代的硼氮菲羟基化合物)转化为取代或未取代的硼氮菲氧基;所述第二反应旨在将取代或未取代的硼氮菲氧基和金属配体进行络合,得到式(I)所示的配合物(即,取代或未取代的硼氮菲氧基单茂第IVB族金属配合物)。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,所述第一反应和第二反应的条件各自独立地包括:温度为15-40℃,优选为20-30℃;时间为10-18h,优选为12-16h。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,以mmol计的所述式(II)所示的化合物和以mL计的第一溶剂的用量比为1:10-30,例如,1:10、1:15、1:20、1:25、1:30,以及任意两个数值组成的范围中的任意值,优选为1:15-25。即,相对于1mmol的所述式(II)所示的化合物,所述第一溶剂的用量为10-30mL,优选为15-25mL。
在本发明中,对所述第一溶剂的种类具有较宽的选择范围,只要所述第一反应和第二反应在所述第一溶剂中进行即可。优选地,所述第一溶剂选自有机醚,优选选自乙醚和/或四氢呋喃,更优选为乙醚。
在本发明中,若没有步骤(2),将步骤(1)得到的中间产物作为氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物,即式(I)所示的配合物中R2和R3均选自卤素。
在本发明中,没有特殊情况说明下,所述第一减压旨在除去所述第一溶剂。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,步骤(2)中,所述中间产物和烷基格氏试剂的摩尔比为0.8-1.2:3,例如,0.8:3、1:3、1.1:3、1.2:3,以及任意两个数值组成的范围中的任意值,优选为1-1.2:3。采用优选的条件,更有利于将式(I)所示的配合物中R2和R3(卤素)完全取代为烷基 (即,取代或未取代的C1-C10烷基、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷氧基、取代或未取代的苄基)。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,所述烷基格氏试剂包括并不局限于甲基溴化镁、甲基氯化镁。
在本发明中,所述第三反应旨在将中间产物中卤素基团转变为烷基基团。优选地,所述第三反应的条件包括:温度为15-40℃,优选为20-30℃;时间为10-18h,优选为12-16h。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,以mmol计的所述式(II)所示的化合物和以mL计的第二溶剂的用量比为1:10-30,例如,1:10、1:15、1:20、1:25、1:30,以及任意两个数值组成的范围中的任意值,优选为1:15-25。即,相对于1mmol的所述式(II)所示的化合物,所述第二溶剂的用量为10-30mL,优选为15-25mL。
在本发明中,对所述第二溶剂的种类具有较宽的选择范围,只要所述第三反应在第二溶剂中进行即可。优选地,所述第二溶剂选自苯、甲苯、二甲苯、正己烷、正戊烷、正庚烷、环己烷和四氢呋喃中的至少一种,优选为甲苯。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,所述制备方法还包括:将所述第一减压的产物和第三溶剂进行第一萃取,得到的第一萃取液经第二减压,得到所述中间产物。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,所述制备方法还包括:将所述第三反应的产物和第四溶剂进行第二萃取,得到的第二萃取液经第三减压,得到所述氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,以mmol计的所述式(II)所示的化合物和以mL计的第三溶剂的用量比为1:10-30,例如,1:10、1:15、1:20、1:25、1:30,以及任意两个数值组成的范围中的任意值,优选为1:15-25。即,相对于1mmol的所述式(II)所示的化合物,所述第三溶剂的用量为10-30mL,优选为15-25mL。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,以mmol计的所述式(II)所示的化合物和以mL计的第四溶剂的用量比为1:10-30,例如,1:10、1:15、1:20、1:25、1:30,以及任意两个数值组成的范围中的任意值,优选为1:15-25。即,相对于1mmol的所述式(II)所示的化合物,所述第四溶剂的用量为10-30mL,优选为15-25mL。
在本发明中,对所述第三溶剂和第四溶剂的种类具有较宽的选择范围,只要所述第一萃取和第二萃取分别在所述第三溶剂和第四溶剂中进行即可。优选地,所述第三溶剂和第四溶剂各自独立地选自正己烷、正戊烷、正庚烷和环己烷中的至少一种,优选为正己烷。
本发明第三方面提供一种第一方面提供的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物,或者,第二方面提供的制备方法制得的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物在催化不饱和烯烃聚合中的应用。
本发明提供的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物具有硼氧给电子体结构以及大的取代基位阻使催化活性中心具有很好的稳定性,进而有效提高氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物的催化活性。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,本发明提供的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物在催化乙烯、丙 烯、1-辛烯、环丁烯、环戊烯、降冰片烯、1,4,5,8-二甲桥-1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a-八氢萘(DMON)的聚合中的应用。
在本发明的一些优选实施方式中,本发明提供的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物在催化乙烯和降冰片烯共聚中的应用。
本发明第四方面提供一种乙烯和降冰片烯的共聚反应,在催化剂、助催化剂和聚合溶剂存在下,将乙烯和降冰片烯接触并进行共聚反应,得到乙烯-降冰片烯共聚物;
其中,所述催化剂选自第一方面提供的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物,或者,第二方面提供的制备方法制得的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,所述催化剂和降冰片烯的摩尔比为1:50-15000,例如,1:50、1:100、1:500、1:1500、1:2000、1:3000、1:4000、1:5000、1:8000、1:10000、1:15000,以及任意两个数值组成的范围中的任意值,优选为1:1500-5000。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,所述乙烯和降冰片烯的摩尔比为1:1-10,例如,1:1、1:2、1:3.5、1:4、1:4.5、1:5、1:10,以及任意两个数值组成的范围中的任意值,优选为1:3.5-4.5,更优选为1:4。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,所述催化剂和助催化剂的摩尔比为1:50-2000,例如,1:50、1:100、1:200、1:400、1:600、1:800、1:1000、1:1200、1:1500、1:2000,以及任意两个数值组成的范围中的任意值,优选为1:400-1200。当助催化剂与催化剂的比例过低时,催化剂得催化活性显著降低甚至不发生聚合反应;当助催化剂与催化剂比例过高时,会造成聚合活性以及聚合物分子量的降低。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,所述共聚反应的条件包括:温度为0-100℃,优选为60-80℃;压力为1-10MPa,优选为0.3-0.5MPa;时间为1-20min,优选为1-5min。其中,所述压力指表压。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,优选地,所述助催化剂选自甲基铝氧烷(简称MAO)、改性甲基铝氧烷和三五氟苯基硼中的至少一种。
在本发明中,对所述共聚溶剂的种类具有较宽的选择范围,只要所述共聚反应在所述共聚溶剂中进行即可。优选地,所述共聚溶剂选自苯、甲苯、正己烷、四氢呋喃和二氯甲烷中的至少一种,优选为甲苯。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,以mmol计的所述催化剂和以mL计的所述共聚溶剂的用量比为1:10-30,例如,1:10、1:15、1:20、1:25、1:30,以及任意两个数值组成的范围中的任意值,优选为1:15-25。即,相对于1mmol的所述催化剂,所述共聚溶剂的用量为10-30mL,优选为15-25mL。
根据本发明一种特别优选的实施方式,一种用于催化不饱和烯烃聚合的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物,所述氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物具有式(I)所示的结构:
其中,R1选自氢、甲基、乙基、丙基、叔丁基、苯基、2,6-二甲基苯基、2,6-二异丙基苯基、2,4,6-三甲基苯基;Cp'选自烃基取代或未取代的环戊二烯基、烃基取代或未取代的五甲基环戊二烯基;M选自Ti、Zr、Hf;R2和R3各自独立地选自氟、氯、甲基、乙基、异丙基、甲氧基、苄基。
以下将通过制备例对本发明进行详细描述。
制备例1-7制得的具有式(I)所示的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物(S1-S7)的结构参数均列于表1。
制备例1
在氩气气氛和20mL无水乙醚存在下,将2,6-二异丙基苯基取代的硼氮菲羟基化合物(0.335g,1mmol)和氢化钠(0.48g,2mmol)在25℃反应18h;
在温度为-78℃条件下,加入金属配体Cp'TiCl3(0.218g,1mmol;Cp'选自环戊二烯基)在25℃反应12h,经减压除去乙醚,加入15mL正己烷进行萃取,得到的萃取液经减压除去正己烷,得到中间产物(黄色固体,0.338g,0.63mmol)作为氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S1;
其中,氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S1的产率为63%;1H NMR(C6D6):δ9.19-9.15(m,1H,Ar-H),8.28-8.26(dd,1H,Ar-H),8.25-8.22(m,1H,Ar-H),7.49-7.47(m,2H,Ar-H),7.30-7.21(m,3H,Ar-H),7.06-6.97(m,2H,Ar-H),6.70-6.68(dd,1H,Ar-H),6.02(s,5H,Ti-CH),2.71(m,4H,J=6.7Hz,CH3-CH),1.10(d,12H,J=6.6Hz,CH-CH3),0.87(d,12H,J=6.8Hz,CH-CH3)。
制备例2
按照制备例1的方法,不同的是,将硼氮菲羟基化合物的取代基替换为2,4,6-三甲基苯基;将金属配体替换为金属配体Cp'TiCl3(1mmol;Cp'选自五甲基环戊二烯基),其余条件相同,得到中间产物(黑色固体,0.277g,0.49mmol)作为氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S2;
其中,氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S2的产率为49%;氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S2的核磁共振氢谱图如图1所示,由图1可知,1H NMR(C6D6):δ8.55-8.52(m,1H,Ar-H),8.32-8.28(m,2H,Ar-H),7.56-7.47(m,2H,Ar-H),7.09-7.06(m,2H,Ar-H),6.92(s,2H,Ar-H),6.80-6.78(m,1H,Ar-H),2.24(s,3H,Ar-CH3),2.04(s,6H,Ar-CH3),1.89(s,15H,CH3-CH)。
制备例3
按照制备例1的方法,不同的是,将硼氮菲羟基化合物的取代基替换为2,6-二甲基苯基,其余条件相同,得到中间产物(0.327g,0.68mmol)作为氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S3;
其中,氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S3的产率为68%;1H NMR(C6D6):δ8.96.8.94(m,1H,Ar-H),8.29-8.23(m,2H,Ar-H),7.53-7.45(m,2H,Ar-H),7.07-7.03(m,5H,Ar-H),6.67-6.65(m,1H,Ar-H),5.93(s,5H,Ar-H),1.92(s,6H,Ar-CH3)。
制备例4
按照制备例1的方法,不同的是,将硼氮菲羟基化合物的取代基替换为苯基,其余条件相同,得到中间产物(0.34g,0.75mmol)作为氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S4;
其中,氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S4的产率为75%;氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S4的核磁共振氢谱图如图2所示,由图2可知,1H NMR(C6D6):δ8.39-8.36(m,1H,Ar-H),8.28-8.22(m,3H,Ar-H),8.05-8.04(m,1H,Ar-H),7.42-7.34(m,4H,Ar-H),6.93-6.90(m,2H,Ar-H),6.71-6.65(m,2H,Ar-H),3.74(s,5H,Ar-H)。
制备例5
在氩气气氛和20mL甲苯存在下,将制备例1制得的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物(0.537g,1mmol)和甲基溴化镁(1mL,3mmol)在25℃反应18h,经减压除去甲苯,再加入15mL正己烷进行萃取,得到的萃取液经减压除去正己烷,得到氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S5(黄色固体,0.316g,0.64mmol);
其中,氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S5的产率为64%;1H NMR(C6D6):δ9.22-9.18(m,1H,Ar-H),8.27-8.25(dd,1H,Ar-H),8.20-8.17(m,1H,Ar-H),7.54-7.52(m,2H,Ar-H),7.18-7.13(m,3H,Ar-H),7.01-6.92(m,2H,Ar-H),6.71-6.69(dd,1H,Ar-H),5.86(s,5H,Ti-CH),2.62(m,4H,J=6.7Hz,CH3-CH),1.29(s,6H,Ti-CH),1.04(d,12H,J=6.6Hz,CH-CH3),0.77(d,12H,J=6.8Hz,CH-CH3)。
制备例6
按照制备例1的方法,不同的是,将氢化钠的用量替换为1mmol,将金属配体的用量替换为0.8mmol,其余条件相同,得到氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S6;其中,氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S6的产率为20%。
制备例7
按照制备例5的方法,不同的是,将甲基溴化镁替换为1mmol,其余条件相同,得到氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S7;其中,氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S7的产率为23%。
表1
通过表1的结果可知,相比制备例6,制备例1通过调控式(II)所示化合物、氢化钠和金属配体的摩尔比,更有利于提高氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物的产率;相比制备例7,制备例5通过调控中间产物和烷基格氏试剂的摩尔比,更有利于提高氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物的产率。
实施例1
Schlenk瓶中,无水无氧条件下,加入降冰片烯(2.82g,30mmol),加入MAO(87mg,0.5mmol),加入22mL无水甲苯,通入乙烯气体,保持压力为0.1MPa,控制温度在60℃,0.5μmol氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S1溶于3mL无水甲苯中,用注射器加入到Schlenk瓶中催化聚合,调整乙烯气体压力至0.4MPa,乙烯浓度为0.34mmol/mL,反应5min,倒入乙醇和盐酸的混合液中使聚合物沉淀析出,过滤后真空干燥12h,得到乙烯-降冰片烯共聚物P1,测试结果均列于表2。
其中,乙烯-降冰片烯共聚物P1的重均分子量为27300g/mol,分子量分布为3.42;基于乙烯-降冰片烯共聚物P1的总重量,降冰片烯含量为36wt%。
实施例2-7
按照实施例1的方法,不同的是,将0.5μmol氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S1分别替换为0.5μmol氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S2-S7,其余条件相同,分别得到乙烯-降冰片烯共聚物P2-P7,测试结果均列于表2。
其中,乙烯-降冰片烯共聚物P3的重均分子量为43000g/mol,分子量分布为3.0。
实施例8
按照实施例3的方法,不同的是,将氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物S3的用量替换为0.1μmol,其余条件相同,得到乙烯-降冰片烯共聚物P8,测试结果列于表2。
实施例9
按照实施例3的方法,不同的是,将共聚反应的时间替换为10min,其余条件相同,得到乙烯-降冰片烯共聚物P9,测试结果列于表2。
实施例10
按照实施例3的方法,不同的是,将共聚反应的温度替换为50℃,其余条件相同,得到乙烯-降冰片烯共聚物P10,测试结果列于表2。
对比例1
CpTi(O-Dipp)Cl2和MAO催化乙烯-降冰片烯共聚(Chemical Communications,2006(25):2659-2661)Schlenk瓶中,无水无氧条件下,加入2.82g降冰片烯,加入232mg MAO,加入22mL无水甲苯,通入乙烯气体,保持压力为0.1MPa,控制温度在60℃,0.1μmol配合物Flu-CGC(0.047mg)溶于3mL无水甲苯中,用注射器加入到Schlenk瓶中催化聚合,反应10min,倒入乙醇和盐酸的混合液中使聚合物沉淀析出,过滤后真空干燥12h,得到乙烯-降冰片烯共聚物DP1,测试结果列于表2。
表2
通过表2数据可知,相比对比例1,本发明提供的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物用于催化乙烯-降冰片烯共聚中,具有较高的催化活性。
同时,相比实施例8,实施例3通过调控催化剂的用量,使得催化剂和助催化剂的摩尔比在优选保护范围内的方案,更有利于提高催化剂活性;相比实施例9,实施例3通过调控共聚反应的时间在优选保护范围内的方案,更有利于提高催化剂活性;相比实施例10,实施例3通过调控共聚反应的温度在优选保护范围内的方案,更有利于提高催化活性。
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式,但是,本发明并不限于此。在本发明的技术构思范围内,可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型,包括各个技术特征以任何其它的合适方式进行组合,这些简单变型和组合同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容,均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物,其特征在于,所述氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物具有式(I)所示的结构:
    其中,R1选自氢、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷基、取代或未取代的C6-C12芳香基;Cp'选自取代或未取代的环戊二烯基及其衍生物;M选自第IVB族金属元素;R2和R3各自独立地选自卤素、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷基、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷氧基、取代或未取代的苄基。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物,其中,式(I)中,R1选自氢、烃基取代或未取代的C1-C5烷基、烃基取代或未取代的C6-C12芳香基;
    和/或,Cp'选自烃基取代或未取代的环戊二烯基、烃基取代或未取代的五甲基环戊二烯基、烃基取代或未取代的叔丁基环戊二烯基、烃基取代或未取代的茚基、烃基取代或未取代的芴基;
    和/或,M选自Ti、Zr、Hf;
    和/或,R2和R3各自独立地选自卤素、烃基取代或未取代的C1-C10烷基、烃基取代或未取代的C1-C10烷氧基、烃基取代或未取代的苄基。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物,其中,式(I)中,R1中烃基取代选自C1-C5烷基;
    和/或,Cp'中烃基取代选自C1-C5烷基;
    和/或,R2和R3中烃基取代各自独立地选自C1-C5烷基。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物,其中,式(I)中,R1中烃基取代选自甲基、异丙基;
    和/或,Cp'中烃基取代选自甲基、乙基、丙基、叔丁基;
    和/或,R2和R3中烃基取代各自独立地选自甲基、乙基、丙基、叔丁基。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物,其中,式(I)中,R1选自氢、C1-C5烷基、苯基、烃基取代的苯基;
    和/或,Cp'选自烃基取代或未取代的环戊二烯基、烃基取代或未取代的五甲基环戊二烯基、烃基取代或未取代的茚基、烃基取代或未取代的芴基;
    和/或,R2和R3各自独立地选自卤素、C1-C10烷基、C1-C10烷氧基、烃基取代或未取代的苄基。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物,其中,式(I)中,R1选自氢、甲基、乙基、丙基、叔丁基、苯基、2,6-二甲基苯基、2,6-二异丙基苯基、2,4,6-三甲基苯基;
    和/或,Cp'选自烃基取代或未取代的环戊二烯基、烃基取代或未取代的五甲基环戊二烯基;
    和/或,R2和R3各自独立地选自卤素、C1-C5烷基、C1-C5烷氧基、苄基。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物,其中,式(I)中,Cp'选自环戊二烯基、五甲基环戊二烯基;
    和/或,R2和R3各自独立地选自氟、氯、甲基、乙基、异丙基、甲氧基、苄基。
  8. 一种氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
    (1)在惰性气体和第一溶剂存在下,将式(II)所示的化合物和氢化钠进行第一反应,再加入通式为Cp'MX3的金属配体进行第二反应,经第一减压除去所述第一溶剂,得到的中间产物作为氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物;
    (2)可选地,在惰性气体和第二溶剂存在下,将所述中间产物和烷基格氏试剂进行第三反应,得到氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物;
    其中,所述氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物具有式(I)所示的结构,其中,R1选自氢、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷基、取代或未取代的C6-C12芳香基;Cp'选自取代或未取代的环戊二烯基及其衍生物;M选自第IVB族金属元素;R2和R3各自独立地选自卤素、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷基、取代或未取代的C1-C10烷氧基、取代或未取代的苄基。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(1)中,所述式(II)所示的化合物、氢化钠和金属配体的摩尔比为1:1-3:0.8-1.5;
    和/或,所述金属配体的加入温度为-78至80℃;
    和/或,所述第一反应和第二反应的条件各自独立地包括:温度为15-40℃;时间为10-18h;
    和/或,以mmol计的所述式(II)所示的化合物和以mL计的第一溶剂的用量比为1:10-30;
    和/或,所述第一溶剂选自有机醚。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(1)中,所述式(II)所示的化合物、氢化钠和金属配体的摩尔比为1:1.5-2:1-1.2;
    和/或,所述金属配体的加入温度为20-60℃;
    和/或,所述第一反应和第二反应的条件各自独立地包括:温度为20-30℃;时间为12-16h;
    和/或,以mmol计的所述式(II)所示的化合物和以mL计的第一溶剂的用量比为1:15-25;
    和/或,所述第一溶剂选自乙醚和/或四氢呋喃。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(2)中,所述中间产物和烷基格氏试剂的摩尔比为0.8-1.2:3;
    和/或,所述烷基格氏试剂选自甲基溴化镁和/或甲基氯化镁;
    和/或,所述第三反应的条件包括:温度为15-40℃;时间为10-18h;
    和/或,以mmol计的所述式(II)所示的化合物和以mL计的第二溶剂的用量比为1:10-30;
    和/或,所述第二溶剂选自苯、甲苯、二甲苯、正己烷、正戊烷、正庚烷、环己烷和四氢呋喃中的至少一种。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(2)中,所述中间产物和烷基格氏试剂的摩尔比为1-1.2:3;
    和/或,所述第三反应的条件包括:温度为20-30℃;时间为12-16h;
    和/或,以mmol计的所述式(II)所示的化合物和以mL计的第二溶剂的用量比为1:15-25;
    和/或,所述第二溶剂选自甲苯。
  13. 根据权利要求8-12中任意一项所述的制备方法,其中,所述制备方法还包括:将所述第一减压的产物和第三溶剂进行第一萃取,得到的第一萃取液经第二减压,得到所述中间产物;
    和/或,所述制备方法还包括:将所述第三反应的产物和第四溶剂进行第二萃取,得到的第二萃取液经第三减压,得到所述氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的制备方法,其中,以mmol计的所述式(II)所示的化合物和以mL计的第三溶剂的用量比为1:10-30;
    和/或,以mmol计的所述式(II)所示的化合物和以mL计的第四溶剂的用量比为1:10-30;
    和/或,所述第三溶剂和第四溶剂各自独立地选自正己烷、正戊烷、正庚烷和环己烷中的至少一种。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的制备方法,其中,以mmol计的所述式(II)所示的化合物和以mL计的第三溶剂的用量比为1:15-25;
    和/或,以mmol计的所述式(II)所示的化合物和以mL计的第四溶剂的用量比为1:15-25;
    和/或,所述第三溶剂和第四溶剂各自独立地选自正己烷。
  16. 权利要求1-7中任意一项所述氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物,或者,权利要求8-15中任意一项所述的制备方法制得的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物在催化不饱和烯烃聚合中的应用。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的应用,其中,所述氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物在催化乙烯、丙烯、1-辛烯、环丁烯、环戊烯、降冰片烯、1,4,5,8-二甲桥-1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a-八氢萘的聚合中的应用;
    和/或,所述氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物在催化乙烯和降冰片烯共聚中的应用。
  18. 一种乙烯和降冰片烯的共聚反应,其特征在于,在催化剂、助催化剂和聚合溶剂存在下,将乙烯和降冰片烯接触并进行共聚反应,得到乙烯-降冰片烯共聚物;
    其中,所述催化剂选自权利要求1-7中任意一项所述氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物,或者,权利要求8-15中任意一项所述的制备方法制得的氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的共聚反应,其中,所述催化剂和降冰片烯的摩尔比为1:50-15000;
    和/或,所述乙烯和降冰片烯的摩尔比为1:1-10;
    和/或,所述催化剂和助催化剂的摩尔比为1:50-2000;
    和/或,所述共聚反应的条件包括:温度为0-100℃;压力为0-10MPa;时间为1-20min;
    和/或,所述助催化剂选自甲基铝氧烷、改性甲基铝氧烷和三五氟苯基硼中的至少一种;
    和/或,所述共聚溶剂选自苯、甲苯、正己烷、四氢呋喃和二氯甲烷中的至少一种。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的共聚反应,其中,所述催化剂和降冰片烯的摩尔比为1:1500-5000;
    和/或,所述乙烯和降冰片烯的摩尔比为1:3.5-4.5;
    和/或,所述催化剂和助催化剂的摩尔比为1:400-1200;
    和/或,所述共聚反应的条件包括:温度为60-80℃;压力为0.3-0.5MPa;时间为1-5min;
    和/或,所述共聚溶剂选自甲苯。
PCT/CN2023/117339 2022-09-21 2023-09-06 氮杂环硼氧基金属配合物及其制备方法和应用、乙烯和降冰片烯的共聚反应 Ceased WO2024061002A1 (zh)

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