WO2024055863A1

WO2024055863A1 - Welding fixture and welding apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2024055863A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/116768
Authority: WO
Inventors: 傅利; 赵北明; 邱冬; 张道巍; 王广恩
Original assignee: 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司; 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date: 2022-09-14
Filing date: 2023-09-04
Publication date: 2024-03-21
Also published as: CN115194394A

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of battery production, and relates to a welding fixture and a welding apparatus. The welding fixture comprises a base, a frame positioning mechanism, a press plate and a plurality of pressing mechanisms. The base comprises a placement area for placing a frame; the frame positioning mechanism is arranged on the base and is used for positioning the frame; the press plate is used for pressing a cover plate onto the frame; and the plurality of pressing mechanisms are arranged on the base and are distributed around the placement area at intervals, and the pressing mechanisms are configured to be switched between a closed state and an open state, so as to press edges of the press plate onto the cover plate or release the press plate. The welding fixture provided in the embodiments of the present application can improve the welding quality of the cover plate and the frame.

Description

Welding fixtures and welding equipment

Cross-references to related applications

This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application (202211112822.

Technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of battery production, specifically, to a welding fixture and welding equipment.

Background technique

Energy conservation and emission reduction are the key to the sustainable development of the automobile industry. Electric vehicles have become an important part of the sustainable development of the automobile industry due to their advantages in energy conservation and environmental protection. For electric vehicles, battery technology is an important factor related to their development.

The battery consists of a box and a battery cell or battery module contained in the box. The box usually includes a frame, an upper cover and a lower cover. When assembling the battery, first weld the lower cover to the frame to form a lower box, then place the battery cells and battery modules into the lower box, and finally close the upper cover on the lower box to form a closed space. When welding the lower cover plate and the frame, due to the deformation of the lower cover plate, it is easy to cause the lower cover plate and the frame to not fit tightly, resulting in a low welding qualification rate and frequent need for repair welding, resulting in low production efficiency and high production costs.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this application is to provide a welding fixture and welding equipment to solve the above problems, which can improve the welding quality of the frame and the cover plate.

In a first aspect, this application provides a welding fixture, which includes a base, a frame positioning mechanism, a pressure plate and multiple pressing mechanisms. The base includes a placement area for placing the frame; a frame positioning mechanism is provided on the base for positioning the frame; a pressing plate is used to press the cover plate against the frame; a plurality of pressing mechanisms are provided on The base is spaced around the placement area, and the pressing mechanism is configured to switch between a closed state and an open state to press the edge of the pressure plate against the cover or release the Pressure plate.

In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, in order to improve the welding point between the shielding cover plate and the frame, the area of the pressure plate is generally smaller than the area of the cover plate, and there is a gap between the edge of the pressure plate and the welding point between the cover plate and the frame, which results in the cover being The edge of the board receives weak pressure from the pressure plate, the edge of the cover plate is prone to warping and deformation, and the fit between the cover plate and the frame is poor. When the pressing mechanism proposed in this application is switched to the closed state, the pressing mechanism presses the edge of the pressing plate against the cover plate to make the cover plate and the frame closely fit, thereby improving the welding quality of the cover plate and the frame.

In some embodiments, the pressing mechanism includes a first driving member and a first pressing member. The first driving member is used to drive the first pressing member to rotate, so that the first pressing member Tighten or loosen the platen.

In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, after the pressure plate presses the cover plate, the first driving member drives the first pressing member to flip over and overlap the edge of the top surface of the pressure plate and apply pressure to the pressure plate to enhance the pressure of the pressure plate on the cover plate. Pressing force; when the welding operation is completed or the first pressing member is located on the travel path of the welding execution unit, the first driving member drives the first pressing member to turn over to break away from the top surface of the pressure plate to facilitate the movement of the pressure plate or avoid the welding execution unit.

In some embodiments, the welding fixture further includes a heating mechanism disposed in the placement area for heating the cover plate.

In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, after the cover plate is placed on the frame, the heating mechanism heats the cover plate. When the temperature of the cover plate increases, the volume of the cover plate expands. Specifically, the edge of the cover plate stretches toward its own width and length. , weld the frame and the volume-expanding cover plate; after the welding is completed, the heating mechanism stops heating. As the temperature of the cover plate decreases, the cover plate shows a shrinkage trend, because the edge of the cover plate has been welded to the frame, and the cover plate The shrinkage force will act on the center of the cover plate, stretching the center of the cover plate toward the edge of the cover plate, thereby straightening the center part of the cover plate, improving the overall flatness of the cover plate, and meeting the flatness requirements.

In some embodiments, the heating mechanism includes a heating plate, the heating plate includes an elastic insulating layer and an electric heating wire, and the The electric heating wire is embedded in the elastic insulation layer, and the heating plate is used to fit with the cover plate to heat the cover plate.

In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the elastic insulating layer is in surface contact with the cover plate, and the electric heating wire heats the cover plate through the elastic insulating layer, so that the cover plate can be heated evenly.

In some embodiments, the elastic insulation layer is made of silicone.

In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, on the one hand, the silica gel is relatively soft and is not easy to scratch the cover plate; on the other hand, the silica gel can deform according to the shape of the surface of the cover plate, allowing itself to fully fit with the cover plate, so that the cover plate can Heat evenly.

In some embodiments, the welding fixture further includes an electromagnet, which is disposed in the placement area and between the base and the heating plate. The electromagnet is used to absorb the pressure plate to The pressing plate is pressed against the cover plate.

In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the electromagnet adsorbs the pressure plate so that the pressure plate exerts a pressing force toward the electromagnet on the cover plate, and the cover plate is closely attached to the frame by the pressing force of the pressure plate.

In some embodiments, the heating mechanism further includes a support plate, the support plate is disposed in the placement area, the support plate is provided with a through hole for the electromagnet to pass through, and the support plate faces the The surface of the heating plate and the surface of the electromagnet facing the heating plate are located on the same plane, and the support plate is used to support the heating plate.

In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the top surface of the support block and the top surface of the electromagnet are located on the same plane. The top surface of the support plate and the top surface of the electromagnet are combined to form a plane for supporting the heating plate, which can support the heating plate. Its surface remains flat, making it easy to fit with the cover; the electromagnet can pass through the support member to adsorb the pressure plate, reducing the obstruction between the electromagnet and the pressure plate, so that the electromagnet has a strong adsorption effect on the pressure plate.

In some embodiments, a first heat insulation layer is provided on a side of the pressure plate facing the cover plate.

In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the first heat insulation layer can inhibit the heat loss of the cover plate through the pressure plate, shorten the heating time of the cover plate, reduce the energy loss of the heating mechanism to heat the cover plate, and enable the heat to be retained on the cover plate. Improve the heating uniformity of the cover.

In some embodiments, the welding fixture further includes a weld support block, which is disposed in the placement area and around the heating mechanism for supporting the welding of the cover plate and the frame. at.

In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the weld support block can resist the bottom surface of the weld position of the frame and the cover plate, limiting the deformation of the frame and the cover plate toward the base during the welding process.

In some embodiments, a second heat insulation layer is provided on a side of the weld support block close to the heating mechanism.

In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the second heat insulation layer can inhibit the process of heat being transferred to the frame and then lost from the frame, shortening the heating time of the cover, reducing the energy loss of the heating mechanism heating the cover, so that the heat can be enclosed in the The inside of the frame concentrates on the cover to speed up the heating of the cover.

In some embodiments, the frame positioning mechanism includes a first positioning mechanism, the first positioning mechanism includes a first positioning member and a second driving member, the second driving member is used to drive the first positioning member along the The first direction is inserted into or pulled out of the through hole on the frame, and the first direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the cover plate.

In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, after the frame is placed in the placement area, the second driving member drives the first positioning member to move away from the base in the first direction to pass through the through hole on the frame to limit the movement of the frame perpendicular to the first direction. Move on the plane to initially position the frame.

In some embodiments, the frame positioning mechanism includes a second positioning mechanism, the second positioning mechanism includes a second pressing member and a locking member, and the second pressing member is used to press the frame to the base. On the other hand, the locking piece is used to lock the second pressing piece.

In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the second pressing member is turned over to press the frame on the base, restricting the movement of the frame in the first direction, and further positioning the frame placed in the placement area.

In some embodiments, the frame positioning mechanism includes a third positioning mechanism, the third positioning mechanism includes an inner clamping part, an outer clamping part, a third driving part and a fourth driving part, the third driving part for driving the inner clamping member from the inner part of the frame The peripheral portion presses the frame, and the fourth driving member is used to drive the outer clamping member to press the frame from the outer peripheral portion of the frame.

In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the inner clamping member and the outer clamping member move toward the frame under the action of the third driving member and the fourth driving member to clamp the frame and fix the position of the frame in the placement area.

In some embodiments, the welding fixture further includes a pressure plate positioning mechanism, which is provided on the base and used to position the pressure plate.

In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the pressure plate positioning mechanism limits the relative position of the pressure plate to the cover plate when it is pressed toward the cover plate, so that the pressure plate can be in the center of the cover plate, so that various parts of the cover plate (especially the edges) The pressing force from the pressure plate is the same.

In some embodiments, the pressure plate positioning mechanism includes a second positioning member and a fifth driving member, and the fifth driving member is used to drive the second positioning member to switch between the working position and the stowed position; An opening is provided on an edge of the pressure plate, and the pressure plate is configured to cooperate with the second positioning member in the working position through the opening to achieve positioning.

In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, after the cover plate is placed on the frame, the second positioning member is switched to the working position under the driving of the fifth driving member. A part of the second positioning member is located above the cover plate, and the pressure plate presses toward the cover plate. When the plate is pressed, the opening of the pressure plate can only contact the cover plate after passing through the corresponding second positioning piece. The cover plate can adjust its position through the position of the second positioning piece, so that the pressure plate can be pressed on the center of the cover plate, so that the pressure plate can be aligned with the cover. Apply compressive force evenly throughout the board.

In a second aspect, this application provides a welding equipment, including the welding fixture of the first aspect, a welding execution unit and a controller. The welding execution unit is used to weld the frame and the cover plate to form a box; the controller is configured to control a plurality of the pressing mechanisms to open one by one when the welding execution unit performs a welding operation to avoid the Welding execution unit.

In some embodiments, the controller is configured to control each of the pressing mechanisms to close again after the welding execution unit leaves to press the pressure plate.

In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the pressing mechanism can press the pressing plate again after the welding execution unit passes, so as to avoid the cover plate from being reduced in the pressing force from multiple pressing mechanisms due to avoiding the welding execution unit, making the welding execution The cover plate after the unit passes can remain close to the frame, allowing the solder that is still in a semi-solid state at the weld to slowly solidify, reducing the risk of weld deformation and improving the strength of the weld.

Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application and therefore do not It should be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 is an exploded view of a welding fixture provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 2 is a schematic distribution diagram of the pressing mechanism provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 3 is a schematic distribution diagram of the frame positioning mechanism provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressing mechanism provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 5 is an enlarged view of position A in Figure 4 when the pressing mechanism is in a closed state;

Figure 6 is an enlarged view of position A in Figure 4 when the pressing mechanism is in the open state;

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the contact position between the pressure plate and the pressing mechanism provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 8 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 7;

Figure 9 is a top view of a welding fixture provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 10 is an exploded view of the heating mechanism provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view at C-C in Figure 9;

Figure 12 is an enlarged view of E in Figure 11;

Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view at D-D in Figure 9;

Figure 14 is an enlarged view of F in Figure 13;

Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the second positioning mechanism on the base provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 16 is an enlarged view of G in Figure 15;

Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure plate positioning mechanism provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 18 is an enlarged view of H in Figure 17 when the second positioning member is in the working position;

Fig. 19 is an enlarged view of position H in Fig. 17 when the second positioning member is in the retracted position.

Icon: 1-frame; 2-cover plate; 10-first opening; 11-connection part; 12-step surface; 20-base; 21-placement area; 30-frame positioning mechanism; 31-first positioning mechanism; 311 -First positioning member; 312-second driving member; 32-second positioning mechanism; 321-second pressing member; 322-positioning block; 323-locking piece; 33-third positioning mechanism; 331-inner clamping 332-outer clamping part; 333-third driving part; 334-fourth driving part; 40-pressure plate; 41-first heat insulation layer; 42-opening; 50-pressing mechanism; 51-first drive 52-first pressing piece; 53-pressing block; 60-heating mechanism; 61-heating plate; 62-support plate; 63-dividing frame; 64-pad; 70-weld support block; 71-th Two heat insulation layers; 80-pressure plate positioning mechanism; 81-second positioning member; 82-fifth driving member; 90-electromagnet; X-first direction; Y-second direction; Z-third direction.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments These are part of the embodiments of this application, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of this application; the terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or a primary and secondary relationship.

Reference in this application to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" and "attachment" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

The term "and/or" in this application is just an association relationship describing related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, alone There are three situations B. In addition, the character "/" in this application generally indicates that the related objects are an "or" relationship.

"Multiple" appearing in this application refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and "multiple tablets" refers to two or more tablets. (Includes two pieces).

At present, judging from the development of the market situation, the application of power batteries is becoming more and more extensive. Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric cars, as well as in many fields such as military equipment and aerospace. . As the application fields of power batteries continue to expand, their market demand is also constantly expanding.

In this application, the battery mentioned refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. Batteries generally include a box for packaging one or more battery cells. The box can reduce the impact of liquid or other foreign matter on the charging or discharging of the battery cells.

The box body includes an upper cover, a frame and a lower cover. The frame is rectangular and has a first opening and a second opening oppositely arranged. The lower cover is a component used to close the first opening, and the upper cover is used to close the third opening. Two openings. Usually, the frame is first welded to the lower cover to form the lower box, and the upper cover is then closed on the lower box to form a closed space. The cover plate mentioned in the embodiment of this application mainly refers to the lower cover plate, that is, the bottom plate of the box.

During the process of welding the cover plate and the frame, the area reserved on the edge of the cover plate for welding with the frame is prone to warping and deformation, causing the cover plate and frame to not fit tightly, resulting in a low welding pass rate and frequent repair welding, which reduces production efficiency. Low, production cost is high. If a pressing mechanism is used to press the edge of the cover plate, the pressing mechanism will interfere with the motion trajectory of the welding execution unit (ie, the component that performs the welding operation), affecting the welding operation.

Based on the above considerations, in order to solve the welding quality problem caused by the tight fit between the cover plate and the frame, and at the same time not affect the welding execution unit to perform the welding operation, this application designed a welding fixture with multiple placement areas surrounding the frame on the base. A pressing mechanism is configured to be able to switch between a closed state and an open state. When the pressing mechanism is in the closed state, the pressing mechanism presses the edge of the pressing plate against the cover plate so that the cover plate is in contact with the cover plate. The frame fits tightly, thereby improving the welding quality of the cover plate and the frame; when the welding execution unit moves to any pressing mechanism, the pressing mechanism opens to avoid the welding execution unit, so that the welding operation will not be affected.

The welding fixture disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to, but is not limited to, the welding process of the battery box, and can also be applied to the welding process of the boxes of other equipment.

According to some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the present application provides a welding fixture, which includes a base 20 , a frame positioning mechanism 30 , a pressure plate 40 and a plurality of pressing mechanisms 50 . The base 20 includes a placing area 21 for placing the frame 1; a frame positioning mechanism 30 is provided on the base 20 for positioning the frame 1; the pressing plate 40 is used for pressing the cover plate 2 to the frame 1; a plurality of pressing mechanisms 50 are provided on The base 20 is spaced around the placement area 21 , and the pressing mechanism 50 is configured to switch between a closed state and an open state to press the edge of the pressure plate 40 against the cover plate 2 or to release the pressure plate 40 .

The frame 1 has a first opening 10. A step surface 12 is formed between the top surface of the first opening 10 and the inner wall of the first opening 10. The cover plate 2 is placed on the step surface 12. The top surface of the completed cover plate 2 is placed on the frame. The top surface of 1 is roughly on the same plane.

The placement area 21 may be the central area of the top surface of the base 20 .

The pressure plate 40 is a component that presses the cover plate 2 to apply pressure to the cover plate 2 .

The contact surface between the pressure plate 40 and the cover plate 2 can be a flat surface, so that the cover plate 2 is evenly stressed; when the surface of the cover plate 2 has patterns or the cover plate 2 is a special-shaped plate, the contact surface between the pressure plate 40 and the cover plate 2 can be provided with avoidance groove to avoid the pattern or special-shaped structure of the cover plate 2.

In order to improve the welding point between the cover plate 2 and the frame 1, the area of the pressure plate 40 is generally smaller than the area of the cover plate 2. There is a gap between the edge of the pressure plate 40 and the welding point of the cover plate 2 and the frame 1, which results in the cover plate 2 The pressing force from the pressure plate 40 on the edge of the cover plate 2 is weak, the edge of the cover plate 2 is easily warped and deformed, and the cover plate 2 and the frame 1 are not in good fit. When the pressing mechanism 50 proposed in this application is switched to the closed state, the pressing mechanism 50 presses the edge of the pressing plate 40 against the cover plate 2 to make the cover plate 2 and the frame 1 closely fit, thereby lifting the cover plate 2 and the welding quality of the frame 1; when the welding execution unit moves to any pressing mechanism 50, the pressing mechanism 50 opens to avoid the welding execution unit, so that the welding operation will not be affected.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in Figures 1 and 4 to 8, the pressing mechanism 50 includes a first driving member 51 and a first pressing member 52. The first driving member 51 is used to drive the first pressing member 51. A pressing member 52 rotates, so that the first pressing member 52 compresses or releases the pressing plate 40 .

The first pressing member 52 can be a first pressing arm, the first driving member 51 can be a first cylinder, one end of the first pressing arm is rotatably connected to the cylinder body of the cylinder, and the piston inside the first cylinder is hingedly connected to the connecting rod. , one end of the connecting rod is connected to the first pressure arm. When air is intake or deflated inside the first cylinder, the piston moves under the push of air pressure. The moving piston pulls the first pressure arm to rotate through the connecting rod. The other end of the first pressure arm A pressing block 53 is provided at one end.

When the pressing mechanism 50 is switched to the closed state, the first cylinder drives the first pressing arm to flip toward the pressing plate 40, and the other end of the first pressing arm is flipped above the pressing plate 40, and the pressing block 53 is pressed against the pressing plate 40; When the mechanism 50 is switched to the open state, the first cylinder drives the first pressure arm to flip in a direction away from the pressure plate 40 , and the first pressure arm leaves the top of the pressure plate 40 .

After the pressure plate 40 presses the cover plate 2, the first driving member 51 drives the first pressing member 52 to flip over and overlap the edge of the top surface of the pressure plate 40 and exert pressure on the pressure plate 40 to enhance the pressure of the pressure plate 40 on the cover plate 2. Tightening force; when the welding operation is completed or the first pressing member 52 is located on the travel path of the welding execution unit, the first driving member 51 drives the first pressing member 52 to turn over to separate from the top surface of the pressure plate 40, so as to facilitate the movement of the pressure plate 40 or avoid welding. execution unit.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in Figures 9 to 12, the welding fixture also includes a heating mechanism 60, which is provided in the placement area 21 and used to heat the cover plate 2.

The second direction Y as shown in the figure is the length direction of the cover plate 2 , and the third direction Z as shown in the figure is the width direction of the cover plate 2 .

The heating mechanism 60 is located inside the frame 1 placed in the placement area 21 , and the bottom surface of the cover 2 faces the heating mechanism 60 .

The heating mechanism 60 may include a heating plate 61 that is attached to the bottom surface of the cover plate 2 so that the cover plate 2 is heated evenly; or the heating mechanism 60 may include a heating lamp that is arranged at a distance from the bottom surface of the cover plate 2 to use thermal radiation to heat the cover plate. 2 heating.

After the cover plate 2 is placed on the frame 1, the heating mechanism 60 heats the cover plate 2. When the temperature of the cover plate 2 increases, the volume of the cover plate 2 expands. Specifically, the edge of the cover plate 2 stretches toward its own width and length, and the frame expands. 1 is welded with the volume-expanding cover plate 2; after the welding is completed, the heating mechanism 60 stops heating. As the temperature of the cover plate 2 decreases, the cover plate 2 shows a tendency to shrink because the edge of the cover plate 2 has been welded to the frame 1 , the shrinkage force of the cover plate 2 will act on the center of the cover plate 2, stretching the center of the cover plate 2 toward the edge of the cover plate 2, thus straightening the center part of the cover plate 2 and improving the overall flatness of the cover plate 2. Meet flatness requirements.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in Figures 1 and 10, the heating mechanism 60 includes a heating plate 61. The heating plate 61 includes an elastic insulating layer and an electric heating wire. The electric heating wire is embedded in the elastic insulating layer. The plate 61 is used to fit with the cover plate 2 to heat the cover plate 2 .

The material of the elastic insulation layer can be, but is not limited to, engineering plastics, resin, rubber, silicone, etc.

The elastic insulating layer is close to the cover plate 2 in surface contact, and the electric heating wire heats the cover plate 2 through the elastic insulating layer, so that the cover plate 2 can be heated evenly.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, the material of the elastic insulating layer is silica gel.

Silica gel is a granular porous silica hydrate with temperature resistance and electrical insulation properties. It can be used in higher temperature environments. The surface is soft and easy to deform, and the surface is smooth and difficult to adhere.

On the one hand, the silica gel is relatively soft and is not easy to scratch the cover 2. On the other hand, the silica gel can deform according to the shape of the surface of the cover 2, so that it fully fits the cover 2, so that the cover 2 can be heated evenly.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in Figures 1 and 10, the welding fixture also includes an electromagnet 90. The electromagnet 90 is disposed in the placement area 21 and is located between the base 20 and the heating plate 61. The electromagnet 90 It is used to absorb the pressure plate 40 so that the pressure plate 40 presses the cover plate 2 tightly.

The material of the pressure plate 40 is steel. The cover plate 2 is made of aluminum alloy.

The electromagnet 90 is a device that generates electromagnetism when energized, and can produce a strong adsorption force to the steel pressure plate 40 .

The number of the electromagnet 90 may be one, which is disposed in the center of the placement area 21 to adsorb the pressure plate 40; or the number of the electromagnet 90 may be multiple (such as four, six, eight, ten, twelve, ten Four, sixteen, eighteen, etc.), a plurality of electromagnets 90 are arranged in a matrix in the placement area 21, so that the adsorption force received by each part of the pressure plate 40 is uniform.

The electromagnet 90 attracts the pressure plate 40 so that the pressure plate 40 exerts a pressing force on the cover plate 2 toward the electromagnet 90 . The cover plate 2 is tightly fitted to the frame 1 by the pressing force of the pressure plate 40 .

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 10 to Figure 12, the heating mechanism 60 also includes a support plate 62. The support plate 62 is provided in the placement area 21. The support plate 62 is provided with a through hole for the power supply magnet 90 to pass through. The surface of the support plate 62 facing the heating plate 61 and the surface of the electromagnet 90 facing the heating plate 61 are located on the same plane. The support plate 62 is used to support the heating plate 61.

A dividing frame 63 is provided below the heating plate 61. The dividing frame 63 is supported in the placement area 21. The number of supporting plates 62 can be multiple. The dividing frame 63 divides the space between the heating plate 61 and the base 20 into multiple areas. Each support plate 62 corresponds to a plurality of areas one by one. The support plate 62 is arranged in the area separated by the partition frame 63. The top surface of the support plate 62, the top surface of the partition frame 63 and the top surface of the electromagnet 90 are assembled into a on the plane supporting the heating plate 61.

Pads 64 can also be provided between the support plate 62 and the base 20 to improve the connection stability between the support plate 62 and the base 20 .

The top surface of the support plate 62 and the top surface of the electromagnet 90 are on the same plane. The top surface of the support plate 62 and the top surface of the electromagnet 90 form a plane for supporting the heating plate 61, which can support the heating plate 61 to keep its surface Flat, easy to fit with the cover plate 2; the electromagnet 90 can pass through the support plate 62 to adsorb the pressure plate 40, reducing the obstruction between the electromagnet 90 and the pressure plate 40, so that the electromagnet 90 has strong adsorption to the pressure plate 40 Effect.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in FIG. 8 , a first heat insulation layer 41 is provided on the side of the pressure plate 40 facing the cover plate 2 .

The material of the first heat insulation layer 41 can be heat insulation cotton, which has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, not easy to burn, and low thermal conductivity.

The first heat insulation layer 41 can inhibit the heat loss of the cover plate 2 through the pressure plate 40, shorten the heating time of the cover plate 2, reduce the energy loss of the heating mechanism 60 to heat the cover plate 2, enable the heat to be retained on the cover plate 2, and lift the cover plate 2. Heating uniformity of plate 2.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in Figures 1 and 8, the welding fixture also includes a weld support block 70. The weld support block 70 is disposed in the placement area 21 and surrounds the heating mechanism 60 for support. The welding point between cover plate 2 and frame 1.

The weld support block 70 is disposed inside the frame 1 placed in the placement area 21. The weld support block 70 supports the frame 1. The weld seam between the cover plate 2 and the frame 1 is projected on the weld support block 70 along the first direction X.

The weld support block 70 can resist the bottom surface of the weld position between the frame 1 and the cover plate 2 to limit the deformation of the frame 1 and the cover plate 2 toward the base 20 during the welding process.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 14 , a second heat insulation layer 71 is provided on the side of the weld support block 70 close to the heating mechanism 60 .

The material of the second heat insulation layer 71 may be, but is not limited to, heat insulation cotton, polystyrene foam board, etc.

The second heat insulation layer 71 can inhibit the process of heat being transferred to the frame 1 and then dissipated from the frame 1 , shorten the heating time of the cover 2 , reduce the energy loss of the heating mechanism 60 heating the cover 2 , and enable the heat to be enclosed inside the frame 1 , concentrate on the cover plate 2, speeding up the heating speed of the cover plate 2.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in Figures 1, 13 and 14, the frame positioning mechanism 30 includes a first positioning mechanism 31, and the first positioning mechanism 31 includes a first positioning member 311 and a second driving member. 312. The second driving member 312 is used to drive the first positioning member 311 to insert or pull out the through hole on the frame 1 along the first direction, and the first direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the cover plate 2.

The X direction as shown in the figure is the first direction.

The first positioning member 311 can be a positioning pin. The outer wall of the frame 1 is provided with a connecting portion 11 for connecting other components. The connecting portion 11 is provided with a through hole for fasteners (such as screws, bolts, etc.) to pass through. The first positioning member 311 can be a positioning pin. 311 can pass through or pull out the through hole on the connecting part 11 under the driving of the second driving member 312 .

After the frame 1 is placed in the placement area 21, the second driving member 312 drives the first positioning member 311 to move away from the base 20 in the first direction move on the plane to preliminary position the frame 1; after the welding is completed, the second driving member 312 drives the first positioning member 311 to move toward the base 20 along the first direction 1 move.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in Figures 1, 15, and 16, the frame positioning mechanism 30 includes a second positioning mechanism 32, and the second positioning mechanism 32 includes a second pressing member 321 and a locking member 323. , the second pressing member 321 is used to press the frame 1 on the base 20 , and the locking member 323 is used to lock the second pressing member 321 .

The second positioning mechanism 32 also includes a positioning block 322. The second pressing member 321 can be a second pressing arm. One end of the second pressing arm is rotatably connected to the base 20. The positioning block 322 is provided on the base 20. After the frame 1 is placed in the placement area 21, the second pressure arm is turned over so that the other end of the second pressure arm is pressed against the top surface of the frame 1. The positioning block 322 is used to support the second pressure arm to limit the flipping of the second pressure arm. angle. The locking member 323 is a positioning bolt, and the base 20 is provided with a threaded hole that matches the positioning bolt. The positioning bolt threads with the threaded hole to lock the second pressing arm in the state of pressing the frame 1; after the welding is completed, the positioning bolt is removed from the positioning bolt. The bolt hole is detached, and the second pressing arm is turned away from the frame 1 to facilitate the movement of the frame 1.

There may be multiple second positioning mechanisms 32 , and the plurality of second positioning mechanisms 32 are spaced apart around the placing area 21 to press the frame 1 on the base 20 .

The second pressing member 321 turns over to press the frame 1 on the base 20 , restricting the movement of the frame 1 in the first direction X, and further positioning the frame 1 placed in the placement area 21 .

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 9 , the frame positioning mechanism 30 includes a third positioning mechanism 33 , and the third positioning mechanism 33 includes an inner clamping member 331 , an outer clamping member 332 , and a third positioning mechanism 33 . There are three driving parts 333 and a fourth driving part 334. The third driving part 333 is used to drive the inner clamping part 331 to press the frame 1 from the inner circumference of the frame 1. The fourth driving part 334 is used to drive the outer clamping part 332 from the inner circumference of the frame 1. The outer peripheral part of the frame 1 presses the frame 1 .

When the inner clamping part 331 presses the frame 1 from the inner peripheral part of the frame 1, the contact surface between the inner clamping part 331 and the frame 1 matches the inner wall of the frame 1; the outer clamping part 332 presses the frame 1 from the outer peripheral part. When the frame 1 is tightened, the contact surface between the outer clamping member 332 and the frame 1 matches the outer surface of the frame 1 .

The inner clamping member 331 is disposed on the inner side of the frame 1 located in the placement area 21 , and the outer clamping member 332 is disposed on the outer side of the frame 1 located in the placement area 21 .

There may be multiple third positioning mechanisms 33 , and the plurality of third positioning mechanisms 33 are spaced apart around the placement area 21 to fix the position of the frame 1 .

The third driving member 333 drives the inner clamping member 331 to move toward the frame 1 and contact the inner wall of the frame 1. The fourth driving member 334 drives the outer clamping member 332 to move toward the frame 1 and contact the outer surface of the frame 1. The movement of the inner clamping member 331 The direction is in the same straight line as the moving direction of the outer clamping member 332 .

The inner clamping member 331 and the outer clamping member 332 move toward the frame 1 under the action of the third driving member 333 and the fourth driving member 334 to clamp the frame 1 and fix the position of the frame 1 in the placement area 21 .

After the frame 1 is placed in the placement area, the second driving member 312 drives the first positioning member 311 to pass through the through hole on the connecting portion 11 of the frame 1 to preliminarily position the frame 1; the second clamping member 321 flips over to press the frame 1 on the base 20, and the locking member 323 locks the second clamping member to fix the frame 1 to the base 20, limiting the movement of the frame 1 in the first direction X; the inner clamping member 331 and the outer clamping member 332 are driven by the third driving member 333 and the fourth driving member 334 to move toward the frame 1 to clamp the frame 1, fix the position of the frame 1 on the base 20, and limit the movement of the frame 1 in the second direction Y and the third direction Z.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in Figures 1 and 17, the welding fixture also includes a pressure plate positioning mechanism 80. The pressure plate positioning mechanism 80 is provided on the base 20 for positioning the pressure plate 40.

There may be multiple pressure plate positioning mechanisms 80 . The plurality of pressure plate positioning mechanisms 80 are spaced around the placement area 21 to provide multiple positioning reference points for the pressure plate 40 and improve the positioning accuracy of the pressure plate 40 .

The pressure plate positioning mechanism 80 limits the relative position of the pressure plate 40 to the cover plate 2 when it is pressed against the cover plate 2, so that the pressure plate 40 can be in the center of the cover plate 2, so that various parts of the cover plate 2 (especially the edges) are The pressing force from the pressure plate 40 is the same.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 17 to 19 , the pressure plate positioning mechanism 80 includes a second positioning member 81 and a fifth driving member 82 , and the fifth driving member 82 is used to drive the second positioning member 81 . The positioning member 81 switches between the working position and the stowed position; the edge of the pressure plate 40 is provided with an opening 42, and the pressure plate 40 is configured to cooperate with the second positioning member 81 in the working position through the opening 42 to achieve positioning.

The second positioning member 81 may be an inlay, and one end of the inlay is connected to the fifth driving member 82. The fifth driving member 82 drives the inlay to rotate to switch the working position and the stowed position.

When the second positioning member 81 is close to the long side of the cover plate 2 (the side parallel to the length direction of the cover plate 2 ), the inlay is in the working position when extending along the width direction of the cover plate 2 , and the inlay is in the working position along the length direction of the cover plate 2 In stowed position when extended;

When the second positioning member 81 is close to the wide edge of the cover plate 2 (the edge parallel to the width direction of the cover plate 2 ), the inlay is in the working position when extending along the length direction of the cover plate 2 , and the inlay extends along the width direction of the cover plate 2 In stowed position when extended.

After the cover plate 2 is placed on the frame 1, the second positioning member 81 is driven by the fifth driving member 82 to switch to the working position. A part of the second positioning member 81 is located above the cover plate 2, and the pressure plate 40 presses against the cover plate 2. When the opening 42 of the pressure plate 40 passes through the corresponding second positioning member 81, it can contact the cover plate 2. The cover plate 2 can adjust its position through the position of the second positioning member 81, so that the pressure plate 40 can press against the cover plate 2. center, so that the pressing plate 40 exerts a pressing force uniformly on the cover plate 2 everywhere.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, the present application also provides a welding equipment, including a welding fixture, a welding execution unit and a controller as described above. The welding execution unit is used to weld the frame 1 and the cover plate 2 to form a box body; the controller is configured to control the plurality of pressing mechanisms 50 to open one by one to avoid the welding execution unit when the welding execution unit performs a welding operation.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, the controller is configured to control each pressing mechanism 50 to close again after the welding execution unit leaves, so as to press the pressing plate 40 .

During the welding process, when the welding execution unit is located at the initial position of welding, the pressing mechanism 50 corresponding to the initial welding position is opened, and the welding execution unit starts welding; when the welding execution unit passes the coordinate point where the pressing mechanism 50 is located, the controller controls the next step. The pressing mechanism 50 is opened and controlled to close at the same time, and the welding execution unit continues to weld until the entire weld is completed.

The pressing mechanism 50 can press the pressing plate 40 again after the welding execution unit passes, reducing the possibility that the cover plate 2 will receive a reduced pressing force from multiple pressing mechanisms 50 due to avoiding the welding execution unit, allowing the welding execution unit to pass The rear cover plate 2 can remain close to the frame 1, allowing the solder that is still in a semi-solid state at the weld to slowly solidify, reducing the risk of weld deformation and improving the strength of the weld.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in Figures 1 to 19, the present application provides a welding fixture for fixing the frame 1 and the cover plate 2. The cover plate 2 covers the first opening 10 of the frame 1 , the welding fixture includes a base 20, a frame positioning mechanism 30, a pressure plate 40, a plurality of pressing mechanisms 50, a heating mechanism 60, an electromagnet 90, a weld support block 70, and a pressure plate positioning mechanism 80. The base 20 includes a placement area 21 for placing the frame 1. The frame positioning mechanism 30 is provided on the base 20 for fixing the frame 1. The electromagnet 90 is provided in the placement area 21. The pressure plate 40 and the electromagnet 90 face each other with the cover plate 2 as the center. The electromagnet 90 is configured to absorb the pressure plate 40 so that the pressure plate 40 presses the cover plate 2 . The frame positioning mechanism 30 includes a first positioning mechanism 31 , a second positioning mechanism 32 and a third positioning mechanism 33 . The first positioning mechanism 31 includes a first positioning piece 311 that can pass through the through hole on the frame 1 to limit the frame 1 movement, the second positioning mechanism 32 includes a second pressing member 321 for pressing the frame 1 on the base 20, and the third positioning mechanism 33 includes an inner clamping member 331 that presses the frame 1 from the inside of the frame 1. The outer clamping member 332 presses the frame 1 from the outside of the frame 1. A plurality of pressing mechanisms 50 are provided on the base 20 and are spaced apart around the placement area 21. The heating mechanism 60 is provided in the placement area 21 for heating the cover plate 2 . The heating mechanism 60 includes a heating plate 61, and the heating plate 61 is made of silica gel. A first heat insulation layer 41 is provided on the side of the pressing plate 40 facing the cover plate 2 . The weld support block 70 is disposed in the placement area 21 and surrounds the heating mechanism 60 . A second heat insulation layer 71 is provided on the side of the weld support block 70 close to the heating mechanism 60 . The pressure plate positioning mechanism 80 is provided on the base 20 for positioning the pressure plate 40 .

This application also provides a welding equipment, including the above-mentioned welding fixture, a welding execution unit and a controller. The welding execution unit is a stirring head used in the FSW (Friction Stir Welding) process, and the welding execution unit rotates and is inserted At the welding point between the frame 1 and the cover plate 2, the friction between the welding execution unit and the frame 1 and the cover plate 2 generates frictional heat, which causes the frame 1 and the cover plate 2 to be thermoplasticized and plastic flow occurs, and then the stirring shaft shoulder Under the action of upsetting, a solid phase connection is formed behind the welding execution unit; the controller is configured to control the multiple pressing mechanisms 50 to open one by one to avoid the welding execution unit when the welding execution unit performs a welding operation.

The pressing mechanism 50 is configured to switch between a closed state and an open state to press the edge of the pressing plate 40 against the cover plate 2 or to loosen the pressing plate 40 to increase the pressing force exerted by the pressing plate 40 on the cover plate 2, thereby Reduce the risk of poor fit between the cover plate 2 and the frame 1, and improve the welding quality between the cover plate 2 and the frame 1; when the welding execution unit moves to any pressing mechanism 50, the pressing mechanism 50 opens to avoid welding execution unit, so as not to affect the welding operation; the heating mechanism 60 heats the cover plate 2, and the cover plate 2 undergoes volume expansion after the temperature rises, which is specifically manifested in that the edge of the cover plate 2 stretches toward its own width and length, and the frame 1 is welded to the volume-expanding cover plate 2. After the welding is completed, the heating mechanism 60 stops heating. As the temperature of the cover plate 2 decreases, the cover plate 2 The plate 2 has a tendency to shrink. Since the edge of the cover plate 2 has been welded to the frame 1, the shrinkage force of the cover plate 2 will act on the center of the cover plate 2, stretching the center of the cover plate 2 toward the edge of the cover plate 2, thus Straighten the central part of the cover plate 2 to improve the overall flatness of the cover plate 2 and meet the flatness requirements; the first heat insulation layer 41 provided on the pressure plate 40 can inhibit the heat from overflowing from the upper surface of the cover plate 2, allowing the heat to Remaining on the cover plate 2 increases the heating rate of the cover plate 2 and reduces the energy required to heat the cover plate 2 .

While the present application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for components thereof without departing from the scope of the application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

A welding fixture used to fix the frame and the cover plate, the cover plate covering the first opening of the frame, the welding fixture includes:

a base including a placement area for placing said frame;

A frame positioning mechanism is provided on the base and used to position the frame;

Pressing plate, used to press the cover plate to the frame;

A plurality of pressing mechanisms are provided on the base and spaced around the placement area. The pressing mechanisms are configured to switch between a closed state and an open state to press the edge of the pressure plate on the Cover or release the pressure plate.
The welding fixture according to claim 1, wherein the pressing mechanism includes a first driving member and a first pressing member, and the first driving member is used to drive the first pressing member to rotate so that the first pressing member rotates. The first pressing member presses or releases the pressing plate.
The welding fixture according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the welding fixture further includes:

A heating mechanism is provided in the placement area for heating the cover plate.
The welding fixture according to claim 3, wherein the heating mechanism includes a heating plate, the heating plate includes an elastic insulating layer and an electric heating wire, the electric heating wire is embedded in the elastic insulating layer, and the heating plate Used to fit with the cover plate to heat the cover plate.
The welding fixture according to claim 4, wherein the elastic insulation layer is made of silicone.
The welding fixture according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the welding fixture further includes:

The electromagnet is arranged in the placement area and located between the base and the heating plate. The electromagnet is used to absorb the pressing plate so that the pressing plate presses the cover plate tightly.
The welding fixture according to claim 6, wherein the heating mechanism further includes:

A support plate is provided in the placement area. The support plate is provided with a through hole for the electromagnet to pass through. The surface of the support plate facing the heating plate and the surface of the electromagnet facing the heating plate Located on the same plane, the support plate is used to support the heating plate.
The welding fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a first heat insulation layer is provided on a side of the pressure plate facing the cover plate.
The welding fixture according to any one of claims 3-7, wherein the welding fixture further includes:

A weld support block is provided in the placement area and around the heating mechanism, and is used to support the welding point between the cover plate and the frame.
The welding fixture according to claim 9, wherein a second heat insulation layer is provided on a side of the weld support block close to the heating mechanism.
The welding fixture according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the frame positioning mechanism includes a first positioning mechanism, the first positioning mechanism includes a first positioning member and a second driving member, the second The driving member is used to drive the first positioning member to insert or pull out the through hole on the frame along a first direction, and the first direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the cover plate.
The welding fixture according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein the frame positioning mechanism includes a second positioning mechanism, the second positioning mechanism includes a second pressing member and a locking member, the second pressing member The fastening part is used to press the frame on the base, and the locking part is used to lock the second pressing part.
The welding fixture according to claim 1, wherein the frame positioning mechanism includes a third positioning mechanism, the third positioning mechanism includes an inner clamping part, an outer clamping part, a third driving part and a fourth driving part, The third driving member is used to drive the inner clamping member to press the frame from the inner circumference of the frame, and the fourth driving member is used to drive the outer clamping member from the outer circumference of the frame. Press the frame tightly.
The welding fixture according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein the welding fixture further includes:

A pressure plate positioning mechanism is provided on the base and used to position the pressure plate.
The welding fixture according to claim 14, wherein the pressure plate positioning mechanism includes a second positioning member and a fifth driving member, the fifth driving member is used to drive the second positioning member in the working position and the stowed position. switch between;

An opening is provided on an edge of the pressure plate, and the pressure plate is configured to cooperate with the second positioning member in the working position through the opening to achieve positioning.
A welding equipment including:

The welding fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 15;

a welding execution unit for welding the frame and the cover plate to form a box body;

The controller is configured to control a plurality of the pressing mechanisms to open one by one to avoid the welding execution unit when the welding execution unit performs a welding operation.
The welding equipment according to claim 16, wherein the controller is configured to control each of the pressing mechanisms to close again after the welding execution unit leaves to press the pressure plate.