CN115194394A

CN115194394A - Welding jig and welding equipment

Info

Publication number: CN115194394A
Application number: CN202211112822.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 傅利; 赵北明; 邱冬; 张道巍; 王广恩
Original assignee: Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd; Jiangsu Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd
Current assignee: Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd; Jiangsu Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-14
Filing date: 2022-09-14
Publication date: 2022-10-18
Also published as: WO2024055863A1

Abstract

The application relates to a welding fixture and welding equipment, and belongs to the technical field of battery production. The welding fixture comprises a base, a frame positioning mechanism, a pressing plate and a plurality of pressing mechanisms. The base comprises a placing area for placing the frame; the frame positioning mechanism is arranged on the base and used for positioning the frame; the pressing plate is used for pressing the cover plate to the frame; a plurality of hold-down mechanisms are disposed on the base and spaced around the placement area, the hold-down mechanisms being configured to switch between a closed state and an open state to hold down an edge of the platen against the cover plate or to release the platen. The welding jig that this application embodiment provided can promote the welding quality of apron and frame.

Description

Welding jig and welding equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of battery production, in particular to a welding fixture and welding equipment.

Background

Energy conservation and emission reduction are the key points of sustainable development of the automobile industry, and the electric vehicle becomes an important component of the sustainable development of the automobile industry due to the advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection. For electric vehicles, battery technology is an important factor in their development.

The battery is composed of a case and a battery cell or a battery module accommodated in the case, and the case generally includes a frame, an upper cover plate, and a lower cover plate. When the battery is assembled, the lower cover plate and the frame are welded to form a lower box body, the battery monomer and the battery module are placed into the lower box body, and finally the upper cover plate covers the lower box body to form a closed space. When the welding of apron and frame under carrying out, because the deformation of apron down, it is inseparable to cause apron and frame laminating down easily, causes the welding qualification rate low, often needs repair welding, leads to low in production efficiency, and manufacturing cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the application is to provide a welding jig and welding equipment to above-mentioned problem, can promote the welding quality of frame and apron.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a welding fixture, which includes a base, a frame positioning mechanism, a pressing plate, and a plurality of pressing mechanisms. The base comprises a placing area for placing the frame; the frame positioning mechanism is arranged on the base and used for positioning the frame; the pressing plate is used for pressing the cover plate to the frame; a plurality of hold-down mechanisms are disposed on the base and spaced around the placement area, the hold-down mechanisms being configured to switch between a closed state and an open state to hold down an edge of the platen against the cover or release the platen.

In the technical scheme of this application embodiment, in order to avoid sheltering from the welded junction of apron and frame, the area of clamp plate is generally less than the area of apron, and there is the clearance between the marginal distance apron of clamp plate and the welded junction of frame, and this has led to the edge of apron to receive the pressing force that comes from the clamp plate less than, and the edge of apron rises to warp easily, and the laminating of apron and frame is bad. When the application provides a hold-down mechanism switches to the closure state, hold-down mechanism will the edge of clamp plate compresses tightly on the apron, makes apron and frame closely laminate to improve the welding quality of apron and frame.

In some embodiments, the pressing mechanism includes a first driving member and a first pressing member, and the first driving member is configured to drive the first pressing member to rotate so as to press or release the pressing plate by the first pressing member.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, after the cover plate is pressed by the pressing plate, the first driving piece drives the first pressing piece to overturn and then lap over the edge of the top surface of the pressing plate and apply pressure to the pressing plate so as to enhance the pressing force of the pressing plate on the cover plate; when the welding operation is completed or the first pressing piece is positioned on the traveling route of the welding execution unit, the first driving piece drives the first pressing piece to turn over so as to be separated from the top surface of the pressing plate, so that the pressing plate can move or avoid the welding execution unit.

In some embodiments, the welding fixture further comprises a heating mechanism disposed in the placement area for heating the cover plate.

In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, after the cover plate is placed on the frame, the heating mechanism heats the cover plate, volume expansion occurs after the temperature of the cover plate rises, and the volume expansion is specifically characterized in that the edge of the cover plate extends towards the width direction and the length direction of the cover plate, and the frame and the cover plate with the volume expansion are welded; after the welding is accomplished, heating mechanism stop heating, along with the temperature reduction of apron, the shrink trend appears in the apron, because of the edge of apron has been in the same place with the frame welding, the shrink power of apron can be used in the apron center, will lap the center and stretch to the edge of apron to straighten the central part of apron, promote the holistic roughness of apron, satisfy the plane degree requirement.

In some embodiments, the heating mechanism includes a heating plate, the heating plate includes an elastic insulation layer and a heating wire, the heating wire is embedded in the elastic insulation layer, and the heating plate is used for being attached to the cover plate to heat the cover plate.

Among the technical scheme of this application embodiment, the apron is hugged closely with the form of face contact to the elastic insulation layer, and the heating wire sees through the elastic insulation layer and heats the apron, makes the apron can the thermally equivalent.

In some embodiments, the elastic insulation layer is made of silicone.

In the technical scheme of this application embodiment, on the one hand, silica gel is comparatively soft, is difficult for the fish tail apron, and on the other hand, silica gel can warp according to the shape on the surface of apron, lets self and apron laminate completely, makes the apron can thermally equivalent.

In some embodiments, the welding fixture further includes an electromagnet, the electromagnet is disposed in the placement area and located between the base and the heating plate, and the electromagnet is configured to adsorb the pressing plate, so that the pressing plate presses the cover plate.

In the technical scheme of this application embodiment, the electro-magnet adsorbs the clamp plate and makes the clamp plate exert towards the packing force of electro-magnet to the apron, and the apron receives the packing force of clamp plate and closely laminates with the frame.

In some embodiments, the heating mechanism further includes a supporting plate, the supporting plate is disposed in the placement area, the supporting plate is provided with a through hole through which the electromagnet passes, a surface of the supporting plate facing the heating plate and a surface of the electromagnet facing the heating plate are located on the same plane, and the supporting plate is configured to support the heating plate.

In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the top surface of the supporting block and the top surface of the electromagnet are positioned on the same plane, and the top surface of the supporting plate and the top surface of the electromagnet are spliced into a plane for supporting the heating plate, so that the heating plate can be supported to keep the surface of the heating plate flat, and the heating plate is convenient to be attached to the cover plate; the electro-magnet can pass support piece and adsorb the clamp plate, reduces the shelter from thing between electro-magnet and the clamp plate, makes the electro-magnet have stronger adsorption effect to the clamp plate.

In some embodiments, a side of the pressure plate facing the cover plate is provided with a first thermally insulating layer.

Among the technical scheme of this application embodiment, first insulating layer can restrain the apron heat and scatter and disappear via the clamp plate, shortens the intensification time of apron, reduces the energy loss that heating mechanism heated the apron, makes the heat can be kept on the apron, promotes the homogeneity of being heated of apron.

In some embodiments, the welding fixture further includes a weld supporting block disposed in the placement area and around the heating mechanism for supporting a welding position of the cover plate and the frame.

In the technical scheme of this application embodiment, the welding seam supporting shoe can support the bottom surface of the welding seam position of frame and apron, restricts the deformation of frame and apron towards the base in welding process.

In some embodiments, a side of the weld support block adjacent to the heating mechanism is provided with a second thermal insulation layer.

Among the technical scheme of this application embodiment, the second insulating layer can restrain heat transfer to the frame again by the process that the frame scatters and disappears, shortens the intensification time of apron, reduces the energy loss that heating mechanism heated the apron, makes the heat can be sealed at the frame inboardly, concentrates on acting on the apron for the rate of heating of apron.

In some embodiments, the frame positioning mechanism includes a first positioning mechanism, the first positioning mechanism includes a first positioning member and a second driving member, the second driving member is configured to drive the first positioning member to insert into or extract from the through hole on the frame along a first direction, and the first direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the cover plate.

Among the technical scheme of this application embodiment, the frame is placed in placing the district after, and the second driving piece orders about first locating piece and removes in order to pass the through-hole on the frame along the first direction back to the base to the restriction frame removes on the plane of perpendicular to first direction, tentatively fixes a position the frame.

In some embodiments, the frame positioning mechanism includes a second positioning mechanism including a second pressing member for pressing the frame against the base and a locking member for locking the second pressing member.

In the technical scheme of this application embodiment, the second compresses tightly a upset and compresses tightly the frame on the base, restricts the removal of frame on first direction, further fixes a position placing the frame in the district.

In some embodiments, the frame positioning mechanism includes a third positioning mechanism including an inner clamp, an outer clamp, a third driver for driving the inner clamp to press the frame from an inner peripheral portion of the frame, and a fourth driver for driving the outer clamp to press the frame from an outer peripheral portion of the frame.

Among the technical scheme of this application embodiment, thereby interior holder and outer holder move towards the frame under the effect of third driving piece and fourth driving piece and press from both sides the frame tight, fix the frame in the position of placing the district.

In some embodiments, the welding fixture further comprises a pressing plate positioning mechanism disposed on the base for positioning the pressing plate.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the relative position of the pressing plate and the cover plate is limited when the pressing plate is pressed to the cover plate by the pressing plate positioning mechanism, so that the pressing plate can be positioned in the center of the cover plate, and the pressing force from the pressing plate on each part (particularly the edge) of the cover plate is the same.

In some embodiments, the platen positioning mechanism includes a second positioning member and a fifth driving member for driving the second positioning member to switch between the working position and the retracted position; an opening is formed in the edge of the pressure plate, and the pressure plate is configured to be matched with the second positioning piece in the working position through the opening to realize positioning.

Among the technical scheme of this application embodiment, after the frame was put to the apron, the second setting element switched into operating position under the drive of fifth driving piece, a part of second setting element is located the apron top, when the clamp plate pressed to the apron, the opening of clamp plate could just contact with the apron after passing corresponding second setting element, the apron can be through the position adjustment self position of second setting element, make the clamp plate can press in the center of apron, in order to guarantee the clamp plate to apron everywhere even application packing force.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a welding apparatus comprising the welding fixture of the first aspect, a weld performing unit, and a controller. The welding execution unit is used for welding the frame and the cover plate to form a box body; the controller is configured to control the plurality of pressing mechanisms to be opened one by one to avoid the welding execution unit when the welding execution unit performs a welding operation.

In some embodiments, the controller is configured to control each of the pressing mechanisms to close again after the welding performing unit exits to press the pressing plate.

According to the technical scheme, the pressing mechanism can press the pressing plate again after the welding execution unit passes through, the pressing force of the cover plate from the pressing mechanisms is reduced due to avoidance of the welding execution unit, the cover plate after the welding execution unit passes through can be kept to be tightly attached to the frame, the welding flux at the welding seam position in the semi-solid state can be slowly solidified, the risk of welding seam deformation is reduced, and the welding seam strength is guaranteed.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a welding fixture provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a compression mechanism distribution provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a distribution of a frame positioning mechanism provided in some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a hold-down mechanism provided in some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 4 with the hold-down mechanism in a closed state;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 4 with the hold-down mechanism in an open state;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a platen in contact with a hold-down mechanism as provided in some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a top view of a weld fixture provided in accordance with certain embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 10 is an exploded view of a heating mechanism provided by some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view at C-C of FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view at E in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken at D-D of FIG. 9;

FIG. 14 is an enlarged view at F of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a second positioning mechanism disposed on a base according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 16 is an enlarged view at G of FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of a platen positioning mechanism provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 18 is an enlarged view taken at H in FIG. 17 with the second positioning member in the operating position;

fig. 19 is an enlarged view at H of fig. 17 with the second positioning member in the stowed position.

Icon: 1-a frame; 2-cover plate; 10-a first opening; 11-a connecting portion; 12-step surface; 20-a base; 21-a placement area; 30-a frame positioning mechanism; 31-a first positioning mechanism; 311-a first positioning member; 312 — a second driver; 32-a second positioning mechanism; 321-a second compression member; 322-a positioning block; 323-a locking member; 33-a third positioning mechanism; 331-an inner holder; 332-an outer holder; 333-a third drive member; 334-a fourth drive; 40-pressing plate; 41-a first insulating layer; 42-opening; 50-a hold-down mechanism; 51-a first drive member; 52-a first compression member; 53-briquetting; 60-a heating mechanism; 61-a hot plate; 62-a support plate; 63-a spacer frame; 64-a cushion block; 70-a weld supporting block; 71-a second insulating layer; 80-a platen positioning mechanism; 81-a second positioning element; 82-a fifth drive member; 90-an electromagnet; x-a first direction; y-a second direction; z-third direction.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application and the description of the above figures are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application or in the foregoing drawings are used for distinguishing between different elements and not for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.

Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the specification. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "attached" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

The term "and/or" in this application is only one kind of association relationship describing the association object, and means that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" in this application generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

The "plurality" in the present application means two or more (including two), and similarly, "plural" means two or more (including two) and "plural" means two or more (including two).

At present, the application of the power battery is more and more extensive from the development of market situation. The power battery is not only applied to energy storage power supply systems such as hydraulic power, firepower, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely applied to electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric automobiles, and a plurality of fields such as military equipment and aerospace. With the continuous expansion of the application field of the power battery, the market demand is also continuously expanding.

In this application, reference to a battery refers to a single physical module that includes one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can avoid liquid or other foreign matters to influence the charge or discharge of battery cells.

The box body comprises an upper cover plate, a frame and a lower cover plate, wherein the frame is rectangular, the frame is provided with a first opening and a second opening which are oppositely arranged, the lower cover plate is a part for closing the first opening, and the upper cover plate is a part for closing the second opening. Generally, the frame is welded with the lower cover plate to form the lower box body, and the upper cover plate is covered on the lower box body to form the closed space. The cover plate mentioned in the embodiments of the present application mainly refers to a lower cover plate, i.e., a bottom plate of the case.

The inventor notices that in the process of welding the cover plate and the frame, the reserved area of the edge of the cover plate welded with the frame is easy to generate warping deformation, so that the cover plate is not tightly attached to the frame, the welding yield is low, repair welding is often required, the production efficiency is low, and the production cost is high. If the pressing mechanism is adopted to press the edge of the cover plate, the pressing mechanism interferes with the motion trail of a welding execution unit (namely, a part for executing the welding operation) again, and the welding operation is influenced.

Based on the above consideration, in order to solve the problem of welding quality caused by the fact that the cover plate is not tightly attached to the frame, and meanwhile, the welding execution unit is not affected to perform welding operation, through intensive research, the inventor designs a welding fixture, a plurality of pressing mechanisms are arranged on a base and surround a placing area for placing the frame, the pressing mechanisms are configured to be capable of being switched between a closed state and an open state, when the pressing mechanisms are in the closed state, the pressing mechanisms press the edges of the pressing plates onto the cover plate, so that the cover plate is tightly attached to the frame, and the welding quality of the cover plate and the frame is improved; when the welding execution unit moves to any one pressing mechanism, the pressing mechanism is opened to avoid the welding execution unit, so that the welding operation is not influenced.

The welding fixture disclosed by the embodiment of the application can be suitable for but not limited to the welding process of the box body of the battery, and can also be suitable for the welding process of the box bodies of other equipment.

According to some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 1-3, the present application provides a welding fixture including a base 20, a frame positioning mechanism 30, a pressure plate 40, and a plurality of hold-down mechanisms 50. The base 20 comprises a placement area 21 for placing the frame 1; the frame positioning mechanism 30 is arranged on the base 20 and used for positioning the frame 1; the pressing plate 40 is used for pressing the cover plate 2 to the frame 1; a plurality of hold-down mechanisms 50 are disposed on the base 20 and spaced around the placement area 21, the hold-down mechanisms 50 being configured to switch between a closed state and an open state to hold down an edge of the platen 40 on the cover 2 or to release the platen 40.

The frame 1 has a first opening 10, a step surface 12 is formed between the top surface of the first opening 10 and the inner wall of the first opening 10, the cover plate 2 is placed on the step surface 12, and the top surface of the placed cover plate 2 and the top surface of the frame 1 are substantially located on the same plane.

The placement area 21 may be a central region of the top surface of the base 20.

The pressing plate 40 is a member that presses the cover plate 2 to apply pressure to the cover plate 2.

The contact surface of the pressure plate 40 and the cover plate 2 can be a flat surface, so that the cover plate 2 is stressed uniformly; when the surface of the cover plate 2 has patterns or the cover plate 2 is a special-shaped plate, the contact surface of the pressing plate 40 and the cover plate 2 can be provided with avoiding grooves to avoid the patterns or the special-shaped structures of the cover plate 2.

In order to avoid shielding the welding position of the cover plate 2 and the frame 1, the area of the pressure plate 40 is generally smaller than that of the cover plate 2, and a gap exists between the edge of the pressure plate 40 and the welding position of the cover plate 2 and the frame 1, so that the pressing force from the pressure plate 40 on the edge of the cover plate 2 is weak, the edge of the cover plate 2 is easy to warp and deform, and the joint between the cover plate 2 and the frame 1 is poor. When the pressing mechanism 50 provided by the application is switched to the closed state, the pressing mechanism 50 presses the edge of the pressing plate 40 on the cover plate 2, so that the cover plate 2 is tightly attached to the frame 1, and the welding quality of the cover plate 2 and the frame 1 is improved; when the welding execution unit moves to any one of the pressing mechanisms 50, the pressing mechanism 50 is opened to avoid the welding execution unit, so that the welding operation is not affected.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in fig. 1, 4 to 8, the pressing mechanism 50 includes a first driving member 51 and a first pressing member 52, and the first driving member 51 is configured to drive the first pressing member 52 to rotate, so that the first pressing member 52 presses or releases the pressing plate 40.

First pressing piece 52 can be first pressure arm, and first driving piece 51 can be first cylinder, and the one end of first pressure arm rotationally connects in the cylinder body of cylinder, and the piston of first cylinder inside articulates in the connecting rod, and the one end of connecting rod is connected in first pressure arm, and when the inside portion of first cylinder was admitted air or was deflated, the piston removed under atmospheric pressure's promotion, and the piston of removal passes through the connecting rod and pulls first pressure arm rotation, and the other end of first pressure arm is provided with briquetting 53.

When the pressing mechanism 50 is switched to the closed state, the first air cylinder drives the first pressure arm to turn over towards the pressing plate 40, the other end of the first pressure arm turns over to the upper side of the pressing plate 40, and the pressing block 53 is pressed on the pressing plate 40; when the pressing mechanism 50 is switched to the open state, the first air cylinder drives the first pressing arm to turn towards the direction away from the pressing plate 40, and the first pressing arm leaves the upper part of the pressing plate 40.

After the pressing plate 40 presses the cover plate 2, the first driving member 51 drives the first pressing member 52 to turn over and then lap over the edge of the top surface of the pressing plate 40 and apply pressure to the pressing plate 40, so as to enhance the pressing force of the pressing plate 40 on the cover plate 2; when the welding operation is completed or the first pressing member 52 is located on the travel path of the welding execution unit, the first driving member 51 drives the first pressing member 52 to turn over so as to be separated from the top surface of the pressing plate 40, so that the pressing plate 40 can move or leave the welding execution unit.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in fig. 9 to 12, the welding fixture further includes a heating mechanism 60 disposed in the placing area 21 for heating the cover plate 2.

The second direction Y as shown is the length direction of the cover 2, and the third direction Z as shown is the width direction of the cover 2.

The heating means 60 is located inside the frame 1 placed in the placement area 21, and the bottom surface of the cover 2 faces the heating means 60.

The heating mechanism 60 may include a heating plate 61 attached to the bottom surface of the cover plate 2 to uniformly heat the cover plate 2; alternatively, the heating means 60 may include a heating lamp disposed at a distance from the bottom surface of the cover plate 2 to heat the cover plate 2 by heat radiation.

After the cover plate 2 is placed on the frame 1, the heating mechanism 60 heats the cover plate 2, the cover plate 2 expands in volume after the temperature rises, specifically, the edge of the cover plate 2 extends towards the width and length directions of the cover plate 2, and the frame 1 and the cover plate 2 which expands in volume are welded; after the welding is accomplished, heating mechanism 60 stopped heating, along with apron 2's temperature reduces, the shrink trend appears in apron 2, because of apron 2's edge has been in the same place with frame 1 welding, apron 2's shrink power can be used in apron 2 center, will lap 2 centers and stretch to apron 2 edges to the central part of apron 2 is straightened, promotes 2 holistic roughness of apron, satisfies the plane degree requirement.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and 10, the heating mechanism 60 includes a heating plate 61, the heating plate 61 includes an elastic insulation layer and a heating wire embedded in the elastic insulation layer, and the heating plate 61 is used to be attached to the cover plate 2 to heat the cover plate 2.

The material of the elastic insulating layer may be, but not limited to, engineering plastic, resin, rubber, silica gel, etc.

The elastic insulating layer is tightly attached to the cover plate 2 in a surface contact mode, and the electric heating wire heats the cover plate 2 through the elastic insulating layer, so that the cover plate 2 can be heated uniformly.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the elastic insulating layer is made of silicon gel.

Silica gel is a granular porous silica hydrate, has temperature resistance and electrical insulation performance, can be used in a high-temperature environment, has a soft and easily-deformed surface, and is smooth in surface and not easy to adhere.

On the one hand, silica gel is comparatively soft, is difficult for fish tail apron 2, and on the other hand, silica gel can warp according to the shape on apron 2's surface, lets self and apron 2 laminate completely, makes apron 2 can the thermally equivalent.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and 10, the welding fixture further includes an electromagnet 90, the electromagnet 90 is disposed in the placing area 21 and located between the base 20 and the heating plate 61, and the electromagnet 90 is configured to attract the pressing plate 40, so that the pressing plate 40 presses the cover plate 2.

The pressing plate 40 is made of steel. The cover plate 2 is made of aluminum alloy.

The electromagnet 90 is a device that generates an electromagnet when energized, and can generate a strong attraction force to the steel platen 40.

The number of the electromagnets 90 can be one, and the electromagnets are arranged at the center of the placing area 21 to adsorb the pressing plate 40; alternatively, the number of the electromagnets 90 may be multiple (e.g., four, six, eight, ten, twelve, fourteen, sixteen, eighteen, etc.), and the plurality of electromagnets 90 are arranged in the placement area 21 in a matrix manner, so that the adsorption force applied to each portion of the platen 40 is uniform.

The electromagnet 90 attracts the pressing plate 40 so that the pressing plate 40 applies a pressing force to the cover plate 2 toward the electromagnet 90, and the cover plate 2 is tightly attached to the frame 1 by the pressing force of the pressing plate 40.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 10 to fig. 12, the heating mechanism 60 further includes a supporting plate 62, the supporting plate 62 is disposed in the placing area 21, the supporting plate 62 is provided with a through hole for the power supply magnet 90 to pass through, a surface of the supporting plate 62 facing the heating plate 61 and a surface of the electromagnet 90 facing the heating plate 61 are located on the same plane, and the supporting plate 62 is used for supporting the heating plate 61.

A separating frame 63 is arranged below the heating plate 61, the separating frame 63 is supported and arranged in the placing area 21, the number of the supporting plates 62 can be multiple, the separating frame 63 divides the space between the heating plate 61 and the base 20 into multiple areas, the multiple supporting plates 62 correspond to the multiple areas one by one, the supporting plates 62 are arranged in the areas divided by the separating frame 63, and the top surfaces of the supporting plates 62, the separating frame 63 and the top surface of the electromagnet 90 are spliced into a plane for supporting the heating plate 61.

Spacers 64 may also be provided between the support plate 62 and the base 20 to improve the stability of the connection between the support plate 62 and the base 20.

The top surface of the support plate 62 and the top surface of the electromagnet 90 are positioned on the same plane, and the top surface of the support plate 62 and the top surface of the electromagnet 90 are spliced into a plane for supporting the heating plate 61, so that the heating plate 61 can be supported to keep the surface flat, and the heating plate is convenient to be attached to the cover plate 2; the electromagnet 90 can penetrate through the supporting plate 62 to adsorb the pressing plate 40, so that shielding objects between the electromagnet 90 and the pressing plate 40 are reduced, and the electromagnet 90 has a strong adsorption effect on the pressing plate 40.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in fig. 8, the side of the pressure plate 40 facing the cover plate 2 is provided with a first thermal insulation layer 41.

The first thermal insulation layer 41 can be made of thermal insulation cotton, and has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, difficult combustion, low thermal conductivity coefficient and the like.

The first heat insulation layer 41 can inhibit the heat of the cover plate 2 from dissipating through the pressing plate 40, shorten the temperature rise time of the cover plate 2, reduce the energy loss of the heating mechanism 60 for heating the cover plate 2, enable the heat to be kept on the cover plate 2, and improve the heating uniformity of the cover plate 2.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and 8, the welding fixture further includes a weld supporting block 70, and the weld supporting block 70 is disposed in the placing area 21 and around the heating mechanism 60, and is used for supporting a welding position of the cover plate 2 and the frame 1.

The weld supporting block 70 is disposed inside the frame 1 placed in the placing region 21, the weld supporting block 70 supports the frame 1, and the projection of the weld of the cover plate 2 and the frame 1 along the first direction X is on the weld supporting block 70.

The weld supporting block 70 can abut against the bottom surface of the weld position of the frame 1 and the cover plate 2, and limit the deformation of the frame 1 and the cover plate 2 toward the base 20 during the welding process.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and 14, a second heat insulation layer 71 is disposed on a side of the weld supporting block 70 close to the heating mechanism 60.

The material of the second thermal insulation layer 71 may be, but is not limited to, thermal insulation cotton, polystyrene foam board, etc.

The second heat insulation layer 71 can inhibit the process of heat transfer to the frame 1 and dissipation from the frame 1, shorten the heating time of the cover plate 2, reduce the energy loss of the heating mechanism 60 for heating the cover plate 2, enable the heat to be sealed at the inner side of the frame 1, act on the cover plate 2 in a concentrated manner, and accelerate the heating speed of the cover plate 2.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in fig. 1, 13 and 14, the frame positioning mechanism 30 includes a first positioning mechanism 31, the first positioning mechanism 31 includes a first positioning member 311 and a second driving member 312, the second driving member 312 is used for driving the first positioning member 311 to be inserted into or pulled out of the through hole of the frame 1 along a first direction, and the first direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the cover plate 2.

The X direction as shown is the first direction.

The first positioning element 311 may be a positioning pin, the outer wall of the frame 1 is provided with a connecting portion 11 for connecting other components, the connecting portion 11 is provided with a through hole for a fastener (such as a screw, a bolt, etc.) to pass through, and the first positioning element 311 may pass through or be pulled out of the through hole on the connecting portion 11 under the driving of the second driving element 312.

After the frame 1 is placed in the placement area 21, the second driving element 312 drives the first positioning element 311 to move away from the base 20 along the first direction X to pass through the through hole in the frame 1, so as to limit the frame 1 to move on a plane perpendicular to the first direction X, and perform preliminary positioning on the frame 1; after the welding is completed, the second driving element 312 drives the first positioning element 311 to move towards the base 20 along the first direction X, and the first positioning element is pulled out from the through hole on the frame 1, so that the frame 1 can move conveniently.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 15, and fig. 16, the frame positioning mechanism 30 includes a second positioning mechanism 32, the second positioning mechanism 32 includes a second pressing member 321 and a locking member 323, the second pressing member 321 is used for pressing the frame 1 onto the base 20, and the locking member 323 is used for locking the second pressing member 321.

The second positioning mechanism 32 further includes a positioning block 322, the second pressing element 321 may be a second pressing arm, one end of the second pressing arm is rotatably connected to the base 20, and the positioning block 322 is disposed on the base 20. After the frame 1 is placed in the placing area 21, the second pressing arm is turned over, so that the other end of the second pressing arm is pressed on the top surface of the frame 1, and the positioning block 322 is used for supporting the second pressing arm to limit the turning angle of the second pressing arm. The locking piece 323 is a positioning bolt, a threaded hole matched with the positioning bolt is formed in the base 20, and the positioning bolt is in threaded fit with the threaded hole to lock the second pressure arm in a state of pressing the frame 1; after the welding is finished, the positioning bolt is separated from the bolt hole, the second pressure arm deviates from the frame 1 to turn, and the frame 1 is convenient to move.

The second positioning mechanism 32 may be plural, and a plurality of the second positioning mechanisms 32 are distributed at intervals around the placing area 21 to press the frame 1 on the base 20.

The second pressing member 321 is turned over to press the frame 1 onto the base 20, so as to limit the movement of the frame 1 in the first direction X, and further position the frame 1 placed in the placement area 21.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and 9, the frame positioning mechanism 30 includes a third positioning mechanism 33, the third positioning mechanism 33 includes an inner clamping member 331, an outer clamping member 332, a third driving member 333 and a fourth driving member 334, the third driving member 333 is used for driving the inner clamping member 331 to press the frame 1 from the inner periphery of the frame 1, and the fourth driving member 334 is used for driving the outer clamping member 332 to press the frame 1 from the outer periphery of the frame 1.

When the inner clamping piece 331 presses the frame 1 from the inner peripheral part of the frame 1, the contact surface of the inner clamping piece 331 and the frame 1 is matched with the inner wall of the frame 1; when the outer clamp 332 presses the frame 1 from the outer peripheral portion of the frame 1, the contact surface of the outer clamp 332 with the frame 1 is fitted to the outer surface of the frame 1.

The inner holder 331 is provided inside the frame 1 located in the placement area 21, and the outer holder 332 is provided outside the frame 1 located in the placement area 21.

The third positioning mechanism 33 may be plural, and the plural third positioning mechanisms 33 are distributed at intervals around the placing area 21 to fix the position of the frame 1.

The third driving part 333 drives the inner clamping part 331 to move towards the frame 1 to contact with the inner wall of the frame 1, the fourth driving part 334 drives the outer clamping part 332 to move towards the frame 1 to contact with the outer surface of the frame 1, and the moving direction of the inner clamping part 331 and the moving direction of the outer clamping part 332 are in the same straight line.

The inner clamping member 331 and the outer clamping member 332 move toward the frame 1 by the third driving member 333 and the fourth driving member 334 to clamp the frame 1, and fix the position of the frame 1 in the placing area 21.

After the frame 1 is placed in the placement area, the second driving element 312 drives the first positioning element 311 to penetrate through the through hole on the connecting part 11 of the frame 1, so as to initially position the frame 1; the second pressing member 321 is turned over to press the frame 1 onto the base 20, and the locking member 323 locks the second pressing member to fix the frame 1 onto the base 20, so as to limit the movement of the frame 1 in the first direction X; the inner holder 331 and the outer holder 332 move toward the frame 1 by the third driving unit 333 and the fourth driving unit 334 to clamp the frame 1, fix the position of the frame 1 on the base 20, and restrict the movement of the frame 1 in the second direction Y and the third direction Z.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and 17, the welding fixture further includes a pressing plate positioning mechanism 80, and the pressing plate positioning mechanism 80 is disposed on the base 20 and is used for positioning the pressing plate 40.

The number of the pressing plate positioning mechanisms 80 can be multiple, and the plurality of pressing plate positioning mechanisms 80 are distributed around the placing area 21 at intervals, so that a plurality of positioning reference points are provided for the pressing plate 40, and the positioning accuracy of the pressing plate 40 is improved.

The pressing plate positioning mechanism 80 limits the relative position of the pressing plate 40 to the cover plate 2 when pressing the pressing plate 40 against the cover plate 2 to ensure that the pressing plate 40 is positioned at the center of the cover plate 2, so that the pressing force from the pressing plate 40 on each part (especially the edge) of the cover plate 2 is the same.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, optionally, as shown in fig. 1, 17 to 19, the pressing plate positioning mechanism 80 includes a second positioning member 81 and a fifth driving member 82, and the fifth driving member 82 is used for driving the second positioning member 81 to switch between the working position and the retracted position; an opening 42 is opened at the edge of the pressure plate 40, and the pressure plate 40 is configured to cooperate with the second positioning member 81 in the working position through the opening 42 for positioning.

The second positioning member 81 may be an inlay, one end of the inlay is connected to the fifth driving member 82, and the fifth driving member 82 drives the inlay to rotate to switch the working position and the retracted position.

When the second positioning member 81 is close to the long side of the cover plate 2 (the side parallel to the length direction of the cover plate 2), the inlay is in the working position when extending along the width direction of the cover plate 2, and the inlay is in the retracted position when extending along the length direction of the cover plate 2;

when the second positioning member 81 is close to the wide side (the side parallel to the width direction of the cover 2) of the cover 2, the inlay is in the working position when extending in the length direction of the cover 2, and the inlay is in the stowed position when extending in the width direction of the cover 2.

After the cover plate 2 is placed on the frame 1, the second positioning element 81 is switched to the working position under the driving of the fifth driving element 82, a part of the second positioning element 81 is located above the cover plate 2, when the pressing plate 40 presses the cover plate 2, the opening 42 of the pressing plate 40 passes through the corresponding second positioning element 81 and then can be in contact with the cover plate 2, the cover plate 2 can adjust the position thereof through the position of the second positioning element 81, so that the pressing plate 40 can be pressed at the center of the cover plate 2, and the pressing force of the pressing plate 40 on the cover plate 2 can be uniformly applied.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, the present application further provides a welding apparatus including the welding fixture, the welding execution unit, and the controller as described above. The welding execution unit is used for welding the frame 1 and the cover plate 2 to form a box body; the controller is configured to control the plurality of pressing mechanisms 50 to be opened one by one while the welding execution unit performs the welding operation, so as to avoid the welding execution unit.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the controller is optionally configured to control each pressing mechanism 50 to close again after the welding execution unit exits, so as to press the pressing plate 40.

In the welding process, when the welding execution unit is located at the welding initial position, the pressing mechanism 50 corresponding to the welding initial position is opened, and the welding execution unit starts welding; when the welding execution unit passes through a coordinate point where a pressing mechanism 50 is located, the controller controls the next pressing mechanism 50 to be opened, and simultaneously controls the pressing mechanism 50 to be closed, and the welding execution unit continues to weld until the whole welding seam is completed.

The pressing mechanism 50 can press the pressing plate 40 again after the welding execution unit passes through, so that the cover plate 2 is prevented from being subjected to the reduction of pressing force from the pressing mechanisms 50 due to avoidance of the welding execution unit, the cover plate 2 after the welding execution unit passes through can be kept to be tightly attached to the frame 1, the welding flux at the position of a welding line in a semi-solid state can be slowly solidified, the risk of deformation of the welding line is reduced, and the strength of the welding line is ensured.

According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, as shown in fig. 1 to 19, the present application provides a welding fixture for fixing a frame 1 and a cover plate 2, wherein the cover plate 2 covers a first opening 10 of the frame 1, and the welding fixture includes a base 20, a frame positioning mechanism 30, a pressing plate 40, a plurality of pressing mechanisms 50, a heating mechanism 60, an electromagnet 90, a weld supporting block 70, and a pressing plate positioning mechanism 80. The base 20 comprises a placing area 21 for placing the frame 1, the frame positioning mechanism 30 is arranged on the base 20 and used for fixing the frame 1, the electromagnet 90 is arranged in the placing area 21, the pressing plate 40 and the electromagnet 90 are oppositely arranged by taking the cover plate 2 as a center, and the electromagnet 90 is used for adsorbing the pressing plate 40 to enable the pressing plate 40 to press the cover plate 2. The frame positioning mechanism 30 includes a first positioning mechanism 31, a second positioning mechanism 32 and a third positioning mechanism 33, the first positioning mechanism 31 includes a first positioning member 311 capable of passing through a through hole on the frame 1 to limit the movement of the frame 1, the second positioning mechanism 32 includes a second pressing member 321 for pressing the frame 1 onto the base 20, the third positioning mechanism 33 includes an inner clamping member 331 for pressing the frame 1 from the inner side of the frame 1 and an outer clamping member 332 for pressing the frame 1 from the outer side of the frame 1, and the plurality of pressing mechanisms 50 are disposed on the base 20 and distributed at intervals around the placement area 21. The heating mechanism 60 is provided in the placing area 21 for heating the cover plate 2. Heating mechanism 60 includes heating plate 61, and the material of heating plate 61 is silica gel. The side of the pressure plate 40 facing the cover plate 2 is provided with a first thermally insulating layer 41. The weld supporting block 70 is disposed in the placement area 21 and around the heating mechanism 60, and a second heat insulation layer 71 is disposed on one side of the weld supporting block 70 close to the heating mechanism 60. The pressing plate positioning mechanism 80 is disposed on the base 20 for positioning the pressing plate 40.

The application also provides Welding equipment which comprises the Welding clamp, a Welding execution unit and a controller, wherein the Welding execution unit is a stirring head for FSW (Friction Stir Welding) process, the Welding execution unit is inserted into the Welding position of the frame 1 and the cover plate 2 in a rotating way, friction heat is generated by Friction between the Welding execution unit and the frame 1 and the cover plate 2, the frame 1 and the cover plate 2 are subjected to thermoplasticity, plastic flow is generated, and then solid phase connection is formed behind the Welding execution unit under the upsetting action of the stirring shaft shoulder; the controller is configured to control the plurality of pressing mechanisms 50 to be opened one by one while the welding execution unit performs the welding operation, so as to avoid the welding execution unit.

The pressing mechanism 50 is configured to switch between a closed state and an open state to press the edge of the pressing plate 40 on the cover plate 2 or release the pressing plate 40, so as to increase the pressing force applied by the pressing plate 40 on the cover plate 2, thereby reducing the risk of poor fitting of the cover plate 2 and the frame 1 and improving the welding quality between the cover plate 2 and the frame 1; when the welding execution unit moves to any one of the pressing mechanisms 50, the pressing mechanism 50 is opened to avoid the welding execution unit, so that the welding operation is not influenced; the heating mechanism 60 heats the cover plate 2, volume expansion occurs after the temperature of the cover plate 2 rises, and the specific expression is that the edge of the cover plate 2 extends towards the width direction and the length direction of the edge, the frame 1 and the cover plate 2 with the volume expansion are welded, after the welding is finished, the heating mechanism 60 stops heating, the cover plate 2 has a contraction trend along with the temperature reduction of the cover plate 2, and because the edge of the cover plate 2 is welded with the frame 1, the contraction force of the cover plate 2 can act on the center of the cover plate 2, and the center of the cover plate 2 is stretched towards the edge of the cover plate 2, so that the center part of the cover plate 2 is straightened, the integral flatness of the cover plate 2 is improved, and the flatness requirement of the flatness is met; the first heat insulation layer 41 arranged on the pressing plate 40 can inhibit heat from overflowing from the upper surface of the cover plate 2, so that the heat can be kept on the cover plate 2, the heating rate of the cover plate 2 is increased, and the energy required for heating the cover plate 2 is reduced.

While the application has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the application. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. The present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed herein but is to cover all embodiments that may fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A welding jig for fixing a frame and a cover plate that covers a first opening of the frame, the welding jig comprising:

a base including a placement area for placing the frame;

the frame positioning mechanism is arranged on the base and used for positioning the frame;

the pressing plate is used for pressing the cover plate to the frame;

the pressing mechanisms are arranged on the base and distributed around the placing area at intervals, and are configured to be switched between a closed state and an open state so as to press the edge of the pressing plate on the cover plate or release the pressing plate.

2. The welding fixture of claim 1, wherein the hold-down mechanism comprises a first driving member and a first hold-down member, and the first driving member is configured to drive the first hold-down member to rotate so as to cause the first hold-down member to hold down or release the pressure plate.

3. The welding fixture of claim 1, further comprising:

and the heating mechanism is arranged in the placing area and used for heating the cover plate.

4. The welding fixture of claim 3, wherein the heating mechanism comprises a heating plate comprising an elastic insulating layer and a heating wire embedded in the elastic insulating layer, the heating plate configured to engage with the cover plate to heat the cover plate.

5. The welding fixture of claim 4, wherein the elastic insulating layer is made of silicone.

6. The welding fixture of claim 4, further comprising:

the electromagnet is arranged in the placing area and located between the base and the heating plate, and the electromagnet is used for adsorbing the pressing plate so that the pressing plate can tightly press the cover plate.

7. The welding fixture of claim 6, wherein the heating mechanism further comprises:

the backup pad, set up in place the district, the through-hole that the confession was seted up to the backup pad the electro-magnet passed, the backup pad orientation the surface of hot plate with the electro-magnet orientation the surface of hot plate is located the coplanar, the backup pad is used for supporting the hot plate.

8. The welding fixture of claim 3, wherein a side of the pressure plate facing the cover plate is provided with a first thermally insulating layer.

9. The welding fixture of claim 3, further comprising:

and the welding seam supporting block is arranged in the placing area and surrounds the heating mechanism and is used for supporting the welding position of the cover plate and the frame.

10. The welding fixture of claim 9, wherein a side of the weld support block proximate the heating mechanism is provided with a second layer of insulation.

11. The welding fixture of claim 1, wherein the frame positioning mechanism comprises a first positioning mechanism, the first positioning mechanism comprises a first positioning member and a second driving member, the second driving member is used for driving the first positioning member to insert into or pull out of the through hole in the frame along a first direction, and the first direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the cover plate.

12. The welding jig of claim 1, wherein the frame positioning mechanism comprises a second positioning mechanism, the second positioning mechanism comprises a second pressing member and a locking member, the second pressing member is used for pressing the frame onto the base, and the locking member is used for locking the second pressing member.

13. The welding fixture of claim 1, wherein the frame positioning mechanism comprises a third positioning mechanism comprising an inner clamp, an outer clamp, a third driver for driving the inner clamp to press the frame from an inner periphery of the frame, and a fourth driver for driving the outer clamp to press the frame from an outer periphery of the frame.

14. The welding fixture of claim 1, further comprising:

and the pressing plate positioning mechanism is arranged on the base and used for positioning the pressing plate.

15. The welding fixture of claim 14, wherein the platen positioning mechanism includes a second positioning member and a fifth drive member for driving the second positioning member to switch between the working position and the stowed position;

an opening is formed in the edge of the pressing plate, and the pressing plate is configured to be matched with the second positioning piece in the working position through the opening so as to realize positioning.

16. A welding apparatus, comprising:

the welding jig of any one of claims 1 to 15;

a welding execution unit for welding the frame and the cover plate to form a box body;

a controller configured to control the plurality of pressing mechanisms to be opened one by one while the welding execution unit performs a welding operation to avoid the welding execution unit.

17. The welding apparatus of claim 16, wherein the controller is configured to control each of the hold-down mechanisms to close again after the weld actuation unit exits to hold down the pressure plate.