WO2024051026A1 - 一种前大梁俯仰机构及岸桥 - Google Patents

一种前大梁俯仰机构及岸桥 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024051026A1
WO2024051026A1 PCT/CN2022/139559 CN2022139559W WO2024051026A1 WO 2024051026 A1 WO2024051026 A1 WO 2024051026A1 CN 2022139559 W CN2022139559 W CN 2022139559W WO 2024051026 A1 WO2024051026 A1 WO 2024051026A1
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Prior art keywords
section
rear section
limiting
girder
pull rod
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PCT/CN2022/139559
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韦仕持
梁晨
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三一海洋重工有限公司
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Publication of WO2024051026A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024051026A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/06—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs mounted for jibbing or luffing movements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of cranes, specifically to a front girder pitching mechanism and a quay crane.
  • Quayside container cranes referred to as "quayside cranes"
  • the front girder of the quayside crane needs to be raised before the ship docks.
  • the terminal crane due to the aviation height limit requirements of the terminal, currently the terminal crane The two most commonly used methods for bridges to solve aviation height restrictions and other requirements are that the front girder is only raised 20 degrees and the front girder is designed as a gooseneck foldable structure.
  • the solution of only raising the front girder by 20 degrees can prevent the problem of over-height when the girder is raised, but it is not conducive to preventing typhoons and providing ship docking space.
  • the front girder is designed as a gooseneck foldable structure, although it can effectively solve the problem of limited space. It also solves the problem of typhoon protection and ship docking space.
  • the gooseneck front girder structure requires an additional connecting rod mechanism, as shown in Figure 11, which makes the front girder structure complex and heavy in weight, which also severely restricts It exceeds the design length of the front girder and is not suitable for application to quay cranes with longer front girder.
  • this application provides a front girder pitching mechanism and a quay crane, which can achieve gooseneck folding of the front girder without adding an additional linkage mechanism.
  • a front girder pitching mechanism includes:
  • the front girder includes a front section and a rear section.
  • the rear section is used to be hinged with the ladder frame.
  • the front section is hinged to the rear section so that the front section can bend relative to the rear section. fold;
  • a pulling member is connected between the ladder frame and the front section, and can be connected to the rear section;
  • the pulling member and the rear section are The segment parts are connected to maintain the bending angle of the front segment part relative to the rear segment part at the preset value.
  • a first limiting seat is provided above an end of the rear section close to the front section, and the pulling member includes a first pull rod.
  • the front section is bent relative to the rear section,
  • the angle reaches the preset value, the two ends of the first pull rod are connected to the first limiting seat and the front section respectively, and to the hinge axis between the front section and the rear section. Distributed in a triangle.
  • a second limiting seat is provided above one end of the front section close to the rear section, and the pulling member further includes a second pull rod, one end of the second pull rod is hingedly connected to the first pull rod. The other end is hinged with the front part.
  • the two ends of the first pull rod are respectively connected with the first
  • the limiting seat is connected to the second limiting seat and is distributed in a triangle with the hinge axis between the front section and the rear section.
  • the distance between the first limit seat and the second limit seat is equal to the distance between the first limit seat and the second limit seat.
  • the lengths of the first tie rods are equal.
  • an end of the first pull rod away from the front section is provided with a first limiting shaft
  • the first limiting seat is provided with a first limiting groove for the first limiting shaft to be embedded, so The notch of the first limiting groove faces in a direction away from the front section.
  • the first limiting seat is provided with a guide portion to guide the first limiting shaft into the first limiting groove.
  • the first limiting groove gradually expands in a direction from the groove bottom to the groove opening.
  • the first limiting axis is configured as a hinge axis at the end of the first tie rod.
  • an end of the second pull rod away from the front section is provided with a second limiting shaft
  • the second limiting seat is provided with a second limiting groove for the second limiting shaft to be embedded, so The notch of the second limiting groove faces the pulling member.
  • the first pull rod is arranged in a plate shape or a tube shape.
  • the pull member includes a plurality of hinged pull rods.
  • the hinge position of the front section and the rear section is located at the lower end of the front section and the rear section.
  • the pulling member is configured so that when the front frame is placed horizontally, the pulling member is tightened to limit the downward rotation of the front frame relative to the ladder frame.
  • the front girder pitching mechanism further includes a pitching winding mechanism, and the pitching winding mechanism is configured to pull the rear section through a wire rope to rotate upward relative to the ladder frame.
  • a quay crane includes a front girder pitching mechanism, and the front girder pitching mechanism is the above-mentioned front girder pitching mechanism.
  • the bending angle of the front section relative to the rear section increases (the angle formed by the front section and the rear section decreases), and the pulling member pulling the front section gradually approaches the raised rear section, and the front section
  • the pulling member is connected to the rear section, so that the pulling member is connected between the front section and the rear section, and the pulling piece is relative to the front section and the rear section.
  • connection points of the front section and the hinge point of the front section and the rear section form a three-point fixation, and achieve the angle fixation of the front section and the rear section, thereby adjusting the bending angle of the front section relative to the rear section.
  • Stay at default value the pulling system in the prior art is improved so that while retaining the pulling function, it can also be connected to the rear section of the front girder to keep the angle between the front section and the rear section fixed. This enables the pitching and folding of the gooseneck front girder without adding a connecting rod mechanism on the front girder.
  • the structure is simple and can adapt to taller and longer quayside bridges without significantly increasing the weight of the front girder and limiting the lifting performance of the quayside bridge.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the front girder raised in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of the structure in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the first tie rod in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram of the entire process of raising the front girder in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a state diagram of the front girder placed horizontally in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a state diagram of the front frame raised by 3 degrees in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a state diagram of the front frame raised by 5 degrees in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a state diagram of the front frame raised by 9 degrees in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a diagram of a state where the front frame is raised 20 degrees in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a diagram of the traditional front frame raising process in the prior art
  • Figure 11 is a diagram of the raising process of a front frame designed as a gooseneck foldable structure in the prior art.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a front girder pitching mechanism, which includes a front girder and a pulling member 3.
  • One end of the front girder is hinged to the ladder frame 4, so that the front girder can be positioned relative to the ladder frame. 4 to tilt up (rotate upward).
  • a pitching winding mechanism 5 is provided between the front frame and the ladder frame 4, and the wire rope of the pitching winding mechanism 5 pulls the front frame up.
  • the front girder includes a front section 1 and a rear section 2.
  • the rear section 2 is hinged with the ladder frame 4 so that the rear section 2 can be raised relative to the ladder frame 4.
  • the pitching winding mechanism 5 is provided in the rear section. Between part 2 and the ladder frame 4, the steel wire rope of the pitch winding mechanism 5 pulls the front girder upward; the front part 1 and the rear part 2 are hinged, so that the front part 1 can bend relative to the rear part 2, and when the rear part When the segment 2 is raised relative to the ladder frame 4, the front segment 1 is affected by its own gravity and rotates (bends) downward relative to the rear segment 2, so that the entire front frame bends (folds).
  • the pulling member 3 is connected between the ladder frame 4 and the front section 1, and is used to pull the front section 1 and form a pulling system to maintain the relative position of the front section 1 and the ladder frame 4, that is, the current girder When placed horizontally, the pulling member 3 is tightened and restricts the front girder from rotating downward relative to the ladder frame 4.
  • the pulling member 3 is provided in the form of a plurality of hinged pull rods, that is, the front pull rod in the prior art. Of course, it can also be provided in the form of a rope structure or a chain structure.
  • the ends of the front section 1 and the rear section 2 are offset, and the hinge positions of the front section 1 and the rear section 2 are located below the ends of the front section 1 and the rear section 2.
  • the front section 1 can only be positioned relative to The rear section 2 rotates downward, but cannot rotate upward relative to the rear section 2, to ensure the stability of the front girder when it is placed horizontally.
  • the above-mentioned preset value can be set according to actual needs. For example, when the rear section 2 is raised by 80 degrees and the front section 1 needs to be kept horizontal, the preset value can be set to 80 degrees.
  • the pulling system in the prior art is improved so that while retaining the pulling function, it can also be connected to the rear section 2 of the front frame to maintain the clamping between the front section 1 and the rear section 2.
  • the angle is fixed, thereby realizing the pitch folding of the gooseneck front girder.
  • the structure is simple and can adapt to taller and longer quayside bridges. At the same time, it will not significantly increase the weight of the front girder and limit the lift of the quayside bridge. Heavy on performance.
  • the rear section 2 is provided with a first limiting seat 6
  • the first limiting seat 6 is provided above an end of the rear section 2 close to the front section 1 , so that the first limiting seat 6 protrudes from The upper surface of the rear section 2 is adapted to receive the pulling member 3 .
  • the pulling member 3 has a first pulling rod 31, which is a section of the pulling member 3 close to the front part 1. One end of the first pulling rod 31 is connected to the front part 1, and the other end of the first pulling rod 31 can be connected to the first limiting part. Block 6 connection.
  • the first pull rod 31 is connected to the first limiting seat 6, so that The two ends of the first pull rod 31 are connected and fixed with the first limiting seat 6 and the front section 1 respectively.
  • the two ends of the first pull rod and the hinge axis between the front section and the rear section are distributed in a triangle, so that the front section and the rear section are arranged in a triangle.
  • the connection between the rear sections is fixed by forming a three-point support through the above three, thereby maintaining the bending angle of the front section relative to the rear section at a preset value. In this way, the triangular support and fixation between the front section and the rear section are achieved through the two ends of the first tie rod and the hinge axis between the front section and the rear section.
  • the structure is simple and it is easy to realize a stable connection.
  • the first tie rod 31 since the first tie rod 31 needs to bear the weight of the front section 1, the first tie rod 31 is set in a plate shape or a tube shape, which can make the first tie rod 31 have strong stability and not easily bend and deform, thereby ensuring structural reliability.
  • a second limiting seat 7 is provided on the front part 1 , and the second limiting seat 7 is provided above one end of the front part 1 close to the rear part 2 , so that the second limiting seat 7 protrudes from the front part 1 the upper surface.
  • the pulling member 3 has a second pull rod 32, which is a section close to the front section 1. Specifically, the two ends of the second pull rod 32 are respectively hinged with the front section 1 and the first pull rod 31 to form a first The connection between the tie rod 31 and the front section 1.
  • the connection between the above-mentioned first pull rod and the first limiting seat can be set as a snap connection or a barb connection, and the connection between the above-mentioned first pull rod and the second support seat is a support connection, and the first pull rod is connected to the front section through the second pull rod.
  • the part is limited to the second limiting seat to form a connection relationship between the first pull rod and the second limiting seat.
  • the two ends of the first pull rod (or the first limit seat and the second limit seat) as well as the front section and the rear section The hinge axes between them are distributed in a triangle, so that the connection between the front part and the rear part forms a three-point support and fixation through the above three, thereby maintaining the bending angle of the front part relative to the rear part at a preset value.
  • the pulling member 3 is supported by the second limiting seat 7 protruding from the front section 1, and the pulling member 3 is connected by the first limiting seat 6 protruding from the rear section 2, so that the pulling member 3 can be accurately Reliably maintain the bending angle of the front part 1 relative to the rear part 2 at a preset value, and at the same time, the first pull rod 31 connects the front part 1 through the second pull rod 32, so that the connection position of the pulling member 3 and the front part 1 can be adjusted Stay away from the rear section 2 to improve the pulling stability of the pulling member 3 on the front section 1 .
  • the first limit seat In order to enable the two ends of the first pull rod to be accurately positioned and connected to the first limit seat and the second limit seat, when the bending angle of the front section relative to the rear section reaches a preset value, the first limit seat The distance between the second limit seat and the second limit seat is equal to the length of the first pull rod.
  • the first pull rod rotates downward relative to the second pull rod, and can make the first pull rod rotate downward.
  • the end of the pull rod is just connected with the first limiting seat.
  • the first pull rod 31 is provided with a first limiting shaft 33, and the first limit seat 6 is located at an end of the first pull rod 31 away from the front section 1, and is provided on the first limit seat 6
  • There is a first limiting groove and the notch of the first limiting groove is oriented away from the front section 1 to form a barb.
  • the first limiting shaft 33 matches the first limiting groove, so that the first limiting shaft 33 can be embedded in the first limiting groove.
  • the first limiting groove can exert a force on the first limiting shaft 33 away from the front part 1, that is, the first limiting seat 6 exerts a force on the first pull rod.
  • the force exerted by 31 is in a direction away from the front part 1, and the other end of the first pull rod 31 is connected to the front part 1, so that the force exerted by the front part 1 on the first pull rod 31 is in a direction away from the rear part 2, and then through
  • the first pull rod 31 limits the rotation of the front section 1 relative to the rear section 2 .
  • the connection between the first pull rod 31 and the rear section 2 is realized in the form of barbs, which has a simple structure, is stable and reliable, and improves the convenience of connection.
  • first limiting shaft 33 may be provided on the first limiting seat 6, and the first limiting groove may be provided on the first tie rod 31, which will not be described in detail here.
  • two first limiting grooves may be provided and arranged side by side, and two first limiting shafts 33 may be provided, respectively provided on both sides of the first pull rod 31 , and the two first limiting shafts 33 are embedded at the same time. in the two first limiting grooves to realize the connection between the first pull rod 31 and the first limiting seat 6 .
  • one first limiting groove may be provided, both ends of the first limiting shaft 33 are connected to the first pull rod 31, and the first limiting groove is connected to the middle part of the first limiting shaft 33.
  • the first limiting seat 6 is provided with a guide portion, which is used to guide the first limiting shaft 33 into the first limiting groove, and the rear section 2 is raised relative to the ladder frame 4 During the process, the first pull rod 31 of the pulling member 3 rotates downward relative to the second pull rod 32 and gradually approaches the rear section 2 until the first pull rod 31 contacts the first limiting seat 6. At this time, the first pull rod 31 31 (or the first limiting shaft 33) contacts the guide part, and the rear section 2 continues to rise, causing the first pull rod 31 (or the first limiting shaft 33) to slide along the guide part until the first limiting shaft 33 is displaced. In this way, through the guiding function of the guide portion, the first limiting shaft 33 can be accurately embedded into the first limiting groove, thereby realizing the connection between the first pull rod 31 and the rear section 2 .
  • the side wall of the limiting groove close to the rear section 2 extends in a direction away from the front section 1, thereby forming a guide portion.
  • the first pull rod 31 contacts the rear section 2, the first limiting shaft 33 and The guide parts are in contact to achieve guidance.
  • the guide portion is provided between the two first limiting grooves.
  • the first pulling rod 31 contacts the rear section 2, the first pulling rod 31 is located between the two first limiting grooves. between a limiting groove and in contact with the guide part, so that the first pull rod 31 is guided along the guide part.
  • the first limiting groove gradually expands in the direction from the bottom of the groove to the notch opening. In this way, when the front girder rotates downward relative to the ladder frame 4, it is convenient for the first limiting shaft 33 to escape from the first limiting groove, thereby releasing the first limiting groove.
  • the tie rod 31 is connected to the first limiting seat 6 so that the pulling member 3 pulls the front section 1 to rotate upward relative to the rear section 2 .
  • the first limiting shaft 33 is set as a hinged shaft at the end of the first pull rod 31.
  • the end of the first pull rod 31 is provided with a hinge shaft and is hinged with the pull rods adjacent to the first pull rod 31 . Both ends of the hinge shaft of the first pull rod 31 extend and protrude beyond the first pull rod 31 and the adjacent pull rods. on both sides, thereby forming two first limiting shafts 33.
  • the second pull rod 32 is provided with a second limiting shaft 34.
  • the second limiting shaft 34 is provided at an end away from the front section 1, and a second limiting shaft 34 is provided on the second limiting seat 7.
  • the notch of the second limiting groove faces the pulling member 3 so that the second limiting shaft 34 can extend into the second limiting groove.
  • the second limiting groove matches the second limiting shaft 34, so that the second limiting shaft 34 is embedded in the second limiting groove, because the notch of the second limiting groove faces the pulling member 3, that is, away from the front section.
  • the second limiting seat 7 is set as the hinge axis between the first pull rod 31 and the second pull rod 32, using the original structural parts without adding a new structure, thereby improving reliability.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a quay crane, including the above-mentioned pitching mechanism of the front girder.
  • the rear part 2 is connected to keep the angle between the front part 1 and the rear part 2 fixed, thereby realizing the pitch and folding of the gooseneck front girder.
  • the structure is simple and can be adapted to taller and taller buildings. The long quay crane will not significantly increase the weight of the front girder and limit the lifting performance of the quay crane.
  • each component or each step can be decomposed and/or recombined. These decompositions and/or recombinations shall be considered equivalent versions of this application.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Abstract

一种前大梁俯仰机构及岸桥，该前大梁俯仰机构包括：前大梁，该前大梁包括前段部分（1）和后段部分（2），后段部分（2）与梯形架（4）铰接，前段部分（1）与后段部分（2）铰接；牵拉件（3），连接在梯形架（4）与前段部分（1）之间；在后段部分（2）相对于前大梁仰起的过程中，前段部分（1）相对于后段部分（2）的弯折角度到达预设值时，牵拉件（3）与后段部分（2）连接，以将前段部分（1）相对于后段部分（2）的弯折角度保持在预设值。如此设置，通过对牵拉系统进行改进，使其能够与前大梁的后段部分连接，以保持前段部分与后段部分的夹角固定。

Description

一种前大梁俯仰机构及岸桥 技术领域
本申请涉及起重机技术领域，具体涉及一种前大梁俯仰机构及岸桥。
背景技术
岸边集装箱起重机，简称“岸桥”，为了防台风及提供船舶停靠空间，岸桥的前大梁在船舶停靠前需要仰起，如图10所示，由于码头有航空限高要求，目前码头岸桥最常用的两种解决航空限高等要求的办法是前大梁只仰起20度和前大梁设计成鹅颈式可折叠结构。
其中，前大梁只仰起20度的方案虽然可以防止大梁仰起后超高问题，但不利于防台风和提供船舶停靠空间；而前大梁设计成鹅颈式可折叠结构，虽然可有效解决限高问题，同时也解决防台风和船舶停靠空间问题，但是，鹅颈式的前大梁结构需要增加一套连杆机构，如图11所示，使得前大梁结构复杂，自重很重，也严重制约了前大梁设计长度，不适合应用到具有更长前大梁的岸桥上。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请提供了一种前大梁俯仰机构及岸桥，无需增加额外的连杆机构，即可实现对前大梁的鹅颈式折叠。
为了达到上述目的，本申请提供如下技术方案：
一种前大梁俯仰机构，包括：
前大梁，包括前段部分和后段部分，所述后段部分用于与梯形架铰接，所述前段部分与所述后段部分铰接，以使所述前段部分能够相对于所述后段部分弯折；
牵拉件，连接在所述梯形架与所述前段部分之间，并能够与所述后段部分连接；
其中，在所述后段部分相对于所述前大梁仰起的过程中，所述前段部分相对于所述后段部分的弯折角度到达预设值时，所述牵拉件与所述后段部分连接，以将所述前段部分相对于所述后段部分的弯折角度保持在所述预设值。
可选地，所述后段部分靠近所述前段部分的一端上方设置有第一限位座，所述牵拉件包括第一拉杆，当所述前段部分相对于所述后段部分的弯折角度到达所述预设值时，所述第一拉杆的两端分别与所述第一限位座和所述前段部分连接，并与所述前段部分和所述后段部分之间的铰接轴呈三角形分布。
可选地，所述前段部分靠近所述后段部分的一端上方设置有第二限位座，所述牵拉件还包括第二拉杆，所述第二拉杆的一端与所述第一拉杆铰接、另一端与所述前段部分铰接，当所述前段部分相对于所述后段部分的弯折角度到达所述预设值时，所述第一拉杆限位于的两端分别与所述第一限位座和所述第二限位座连接，并与所述前段部分和所述后段部分之间的铰接轴呈三角形分布。
可选地，当所述前段部分相对于所述后段部分的弯折角度到达所述预设值时，所述第一限位座和所述第二限位座之间的距离与所述第一拉杆的长度相等。
可选地，所述第一拉杆远离所述前段部分的一端设置有第一限位轴，所述第一限位座设置有供所述第一限位轴嵌入的第一限位槽，所述第一限位槽的槽口朝向远离所述前段部分的方向。
可选地，所述第一限位座设置有导向部，以将所述第一限位轴导向至所述第一限位槽内。
可选地，所述第一限位槽沿槽底至槽口的方向渐扩。
可选地，所述第一限位轴设置为所述第一拉杆端部的铰接轴。
可选地，所述第二拉杆远离所述前段部分的一端设置有第二限位轴，所述第二限位座设置有供所述第二限位轴嵌入的第二限位槽，所述第二限位槽的槽口朝向所述牵拉件。
可选地，所述第一拉杆设置为板状或者管状。
可选地，所述牵拉件包括多个铰接的拉杆。
可选地，所述前段部分和所述后段部分的铰接位置位于所述前段部分和所述后段部分的端部下部。
可选地，所述牵拉件设置为在所述前大梁水平放置时，所述牵拉件拉紧以限制所述前大梁相对于所述梯形架向下转动。
可选地，所述前大梁俯仰机构还包括俯仰缠绕机构，所述俯仰缠绕机构设置为通过钢丝绳拉动所述后段部分相对于所述梯形架向上转动。
一种岸桥，包括有前大梁俯仰机构，所述前大梁俯仰机构为上述的前大梁俯仰机构。
本申请提供的前大梁俯仰机构及岸桥，在前大梁相对于梯形架仰起的过程中，俯仰缠绕机构的钢丝绳拉动后段部分相对于梯形架向上转动，同时，由于前段部分受牵拉件的作用力，前段部分在自身重力作用下相对于后段部分向下转动，随着后段部分相对于梯形架仰起的角度增大(后段部分与梯形架形成的夹角减小)，前段部分相对于后段部分的弯折角度增大(前段部分与后段部分形成的夹角减小)，而且拉着前段部分的牵拉件与仰起的后段部分逐渐靠近，当前段部分相对于后段部分的弯折角度达到预设值时，牵拉件与后段部分连接，以使得牵拉件连接在前段部分和后段部分之间，通过牵拉件相对于前段部分和后段部分的两个连接点、以及前段部分和后段部分的铰接点，形成三点固定，并实现对前段部分和后段部分的角度固定，进而将前段部分相对于后段部分的弯折角度保持在预设值。如此设置，通过对现有技术中的牵拉系统进行改进，使其在保留牵拉功能的同时，还能够与前大梁的后段部分连接，以保持前段部分与后段部分的夹角固定，进而实现鹅颈式前大梁的俯仰折叠，无需在前大梁上增设连杆机构，结构简单，能适应更高更长的岸桥，同时不会大幅增加前大梁重量和限制岸桥起重性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请的一些实施例中前大梁仰起后的示意图；
图2为图1中结构的局部放大图；
图3为本申请的一些实施例中第一拉杆的连接示意图；
图4为本申请的一些实施例中前大梁的仰起全过程图；
图5为本申请的一些实施例中前大梁水平放置的状态图；
图6为本申请的一些实施例中前大梁仰起3度的状态图；
图7为本申请的一些实施例中前大梁仰起5度的状态图；
图8为本申请的一些实施例中前大梁仰起9度的状态图；
图9为本申请的一些实施例中前大梁仰起20度的状态图；
图10为现有技术中传统的前大梁仰起过程图；
图11为现有技术中的设计成鹅颈式可折叠结构的前大梁仰起过程图。
附图标记说明：
1、前段部分；2、后段部分；3、牵拉件；4、梯形架；5、俯仰缠绕机构；6、第一限位座；7、第二限位座；31、第一拉杆；32、第二拉杆；33、第一限位轴；34、第二限位轴。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出 创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
如图1-图9所示，本申请实施例提供了一种前大梁俯仰机构，包括前大梁和牵拉件3，前大梁的一端与梯形架4铰接，以使前大梁可以相对于梯形架4仰起(向上转动)，具体地，在前大梁和梯形架4之间设置有俯仰缠绕机构5，并通过俯仰缠绕机构5的钢丝绳拉动前大梁仰起。
前大梁包括前段部分1和后段部分2，其中，后段部分2与梯形架4铰接，以使得后段部分2可以相对于梯形架4仰起，具体地，俯仰缠绕机构5设置在后段部分2和梯形架4之间，通过俯仰缠绕机构5的钢丝绳拉动前大梁仰起；前段部分1与后段部分2铰接，以使前段部分1可以相对于后段部分2发生弯折，当后段部分2相对于梯形架4仰起时，前段部分1受到自身重力影响而相对于后段部分2向下转动(弯折)，以使前大梁的整体进行弯折(折叠)。
牵拉件3连接在梯形架4与前段部分1之间，用于对前段部分1起到牵拉作用，并形成牵拉系统，以保持前段部分1与梯形架4的相对位置，即当前大梁水平放置时，牵拉件3拉紧，并限制前大梁相对于梯形架4向下转动。具体地，牵拉件3设置为多个拉杆铰接的形式，即现有技术中的前拉杆，当然，也可以设置绳结构或链结构的形式。
具体地，前段部分1和后段部分2的端部相抵，前段部分1和后段部分2的铰接位置位于前段部分1和后段部分2的端部下部，这样，前段部分1仅仅可以相对于后段部分2向下转动，而不能相对于后段部分2向上转动，以保证前大梁水平放置时的稳定性。
在前大梁相对于梯形架4仰起的过程中，俯仰缠绕机构5的钢丝绳拉动后段部分2相对于梯形架4向上转动，同时，由于前段部分1受牵拉件3的作用力，前段部分1在自身重力作用下相对于后段部分2向下转动，随着后段部分2相对于梯形架4仰起的角度增大(后段部分2与梯形架4形成的夹角减小)，前段部分1相对于后段部分2的弯折角度增大(前段部分1与后 段部分2形成的夹角减小)，而且拉着前段部分1的牵拉件3与仰起的后段部分2逐渐靠近，当前段部分1相对于后段部分2的弯折角度达到预设值时，牵拉件3与后段部分2连接，以使得牵拉件3连接在前段部分1和后段部分2之间，通过牵拉件3相对于前段部分1和后段部分2的两个连接点、以及前段部分1和后段部分2的铰接点，形成三点固定，并实现对前段部分1和后段部分2的角度固定，进而将前段部分1相对于后段部分2的弯折角度保持在预设值。
其中，上述预设值可以根据实际的需求设置，比如，当后段部分2仰起80度时，需保持前段部分1水平，则预设值可以设置为80度。
如此设置，通过对现有技术中的牵拉系统进行改进，使其在保留牵拉功能的同时，还能够与前大梁的后段部分2连接，以保持前段部分1与后段部分2的夹角固定，进而实现鹅颈式前大梁的俯仰折叠，无需在前大梁上增设连杆机构，结构简单，能适应更高更长的岸桥，同时不会大幅增加前大梁重量和限制岸桥起重性能。
一些优选方案中，后段部分2设置有第一限位座6，该第一限位座6设置在后段部分2靠近前段部分1的一端上方，以使得第一限位座6凸出于后段部分2的上表面，以便于承接牵拉件3。而且，牵拉件3具有第一拉杆31，该第一拉杆31为牵拉件3上靠近前段部分1的一段，第一拉杆31的一端与前段部分1连接、另一点能够与第一限位座6连接。在后段部分2相对于梯形架4仰起的过程中，前段部分1相对于后段部分2的弯折角度达到预设值时，第一拉杆31与第一限位座6连接，以使得第一拉杆31的两端分别与第一限位座6和前段部分1连接固定，同时第一拉杆的两端以及前段部分和后段部分之间的铰接轴呈三角形分布，以使得前段部分与后段部分之间的连接通过以上三者形成三点支撑固定，进而将前段部分相对于后段部分的弯折角度保持在预设值。这样，通过第一拉杆的两端以及前段部分和后段部分之间的铰接轴实现对前段部分和后段部分之间的三角支撑固定，结构简单，且便 于实现稳定的连接。
这里，由于第一拉杆31需要承载前段部分1的重量，第一拉杆31设置为板状或者管状，可以使第一拉杆31具有较强的稳定性，不易弯折变形，进而保证结构可靠性。
进一步地，在前段部分1设置有第二限位座7，第二限位座7设置在前段部分1靠近后段部分2的一端上方，以使得第二限位座7凸出于前段部分1的上表面。而且，牵拉件3具有第二拉杆32，该第二拉杆32为靠近前段部分1的一段，具体地，第二拉杆32的两端分别铰接前段部分1和第一拉杆31，以形成第一拉杆31与前段部分1的连接。
如图6-9所示，在后段部分2相对于梯形架4仰起的过程中，前段部分1相对于后段部分2向下转动，同时牵拉件3的第二拉杆32逐渐贴合前段部分1，直至第二拉杆32与第二限位座7接触，而后牵拉件3的第一拉杆31相对于第二拉杆32向下转动，并逐渐靠近后段部分2，直至第一拉杆31与第一限位座6接触，当前段部分1相对于后段部分2的弯折角度达到预设值时，第一拉杆31的一端与第一限位座6连接(比如卡扣连接或者倒钩连接)、另一端与第二限位座连接(比如卡槽连接或者支撑连接)，以使得第一拉杆31限位在第一限位座6和第二限位座7之间。其中，上述第一拉杆与第一限位座的连接可以设置为卡扣连接或者倒钩连接，而上述第一拉杆与第二支撑座的连接为支撑连接，第一拉杆通过第二拉杆连接前段部分并限位于第二限位座，以形成第一拉杆与第二限位座的连接关系。同时，当前段部分1相对于后段部分2的弯折角度达到预设值时，第一拉杆的两端(或者说第一限位座和第二限位座)以及前段部分和后段部分之间的铰接轴呈三角形分布，以使得前段部分与后段部分之间的连接通过以上三者形成三点支撑固定，进而将前段部分相对于后段部分的弯折角度保持在预设值。
这样，通过凸出于前段部分1的第二限位座7对牵拉件3进行支撑，再通过凸出于后段部分2的第一限位座6对牵拉件3进行连接，可以准确可靠 地将前段部分1相对于后段部分2的弯折角度保持在预设值，同时第一拉杆31通过第二拉杆32连接前段部分1，可以使牵拉件3与前段部分1的连接位置远离后段部分2，提升牵拉件3对前段部分1的牵拉稳定性。
为了使第一拉杆的两端能够恰好地定位连接在第一限位座和第二限位座上，当前段部分相对于后段部分的弯折角度到达预设值时，第一限位座和第二限位座之间的距离与第一拉杆的长度相等，当第二拉杆与第二限位座接触或连接后，第一拉杆相对于第二拉杆向下转动，并可以使第一拉杆的端部恰好与第一限位座衔接。
如图2-3所示，第一拉杆31设置有第一限位轴33，第一限位座6位于第一拉杆31远离前段部分1的一端，而且，在第一限位座6上设置有第一限位槽，该第一限位槽的槽口朝向为远离前段部分1的方向，以形成倒钩。第一限位轴33与第一限位槽相匹配，以使得第一限位轴33可以嵌入到第一限位槽内，当第一限位轴33嵌入到第一限位槽内时，由于第一限位槽的槽口朝向为远离前段部分1的方向，第一限位槽可以对第一限位轴33施加远离前段部分1的力，即第一限位座6对第一拉杆31的施力为远离前段部分1的方向，同时第一拉杆31的另一端与前段部分1连接，以使前段部分1对第一拉杆31的施力为远离后段部分2的方向，进而通过第一拉杆31实现对前段部分1相对于后段部分2的转动进行限位。如此，通过倒钩的形式实现第一拉杆31与后段部分2的连接，结构简单，稳定可靠，提升连接的便捷性。
当然，其他方案中，也可以是第一限位轴33设置在第一限位座6上，第一限位槽设置在第一拉杆31上，这里不作具体说明。
具体地，第一限位槽可以设置有两个，且并排设置，第一限位轴33设置有两个，分别设置在第一拉杆31的两侧，两个第一限位轴33同时嵌入两个第一限位槽内，以实现第一拉杆31与第一限位座6的连接。或者，第一限位槽可以设置有一个，第一限位轴33的两端与第一拉杆31连接，第一限 位槽连接在第一限位轴33的中部。
在一些优选方案中，第一限位座6设置有导向部，该导向部用于将第一限位轴33导向至第一限位槽内，在后段部分2相对于梯形架4仰起的过程中，牵拉件3的第一拉杆31相对于第二拉杆32向下转动，并逐渐靠近后段部分2，直至第一拉杆31与第一限位座6接触，此时第一拉杆31(或者第一限位轴33)与导向部接触，后段部分2继续仰起，使得第一拉杆31(或者第一限位轴33)沿导向部滑动，直至第一限位轴33位移至第一限位槽内，这样，通过导向部的导向作用，可以使第一限位轴33准确地嵌入到第一限位槽内，实现第一拉杆31与后段部分2的连接。
具体地，限位槽上靠近后段部分2的一侧壁朝向远离前段部分1的方向延伸，进而形成导向部，当第一拉杆31与后段部分2接触时，第一限位轴33与导向部接触，进而实现导向。或者，当第一限位槽并排设置有两个时，导向部设置在两个第一限位槽之间，当第一拉杆31与后段部分2接触时，第一拉杆31位于两个第一限位槽之间，并与导向部接触，以使得第一拉杆31沿导向部导向。
第一限位槽沿槽底至槽口的方向渐扩，这样，当前大梁相对于梯形架4向下转动时，方便第一限位轴33由第一限位槽内脱出，进而解除第一拉杆31与第一限位座6的连接，以使得牵拉件3拉动前段部分1相对于后段部分2向上转动。
这里，第一限位轴33设置为第一拉杆31端部的铰接轴，这样，利用第一拉杆31原有的结构件，无需增加新的结构，节省成本，提升可靠性。具体地，第一拉杆31的端部设置有铰接轴，并与第一拉杆31相邻的拉杆铰接，第一拉杆31的铰接轴的两端延长并凸出于第一拉杆31以及相邻拉杆的两侧，进而形成两个第一限位轴33。
如图2-3所示，第二拉杆32设置有第二限位轴34，第二限位轴34设置在远离前段部分1的一端，而且，在第二限位座7上设置有第二限位槽，该 第二限位槽的槽口朝向牵拉件3，以便于第二限位轴34伸入第二限位槽内。第二限位槽与第二限位轴34相匹配，以使第二限位轴34嵌入第二限位槽内，由于第二限位槽的槽口朝向牵拉件3，即远离前段部分1的方向，当第二拉杆32相对于前段部分1向下转动，并逐渐贴合前段部分1时，通过第二限位槽可以供第二限位轴34嵌入，并对第二限位轴34进行支撑，以使得第二拉杆32与前段部分1相对固定，进而使第一拉杆31相对于第二拉杆32向下转动，并与后段部分2的第一限位座6连接，具有较佳的连接可靠性。
具体地，第二限位座7设置为第一拉杆31与第二拉杆32之间的铰接轴，利用原有的结构件，无需增加新的结构，提升可靠性。
本申请实施例提供了一种岸桥，包括上述前大梁俯仰机构，如此设置，通过对现有技术中的牵拉系统进行改进，使其在保留牵拉功能的同时，还能够与前大梁的后段部分2连接，以保持前段部分1与后段部分2的夹角固定，进而实现鹅颈式前大梁的俯仰折叠，无需在前大梁上增设连杆机构，结构简单，能适应更高更长的岸桥，同时不会大幅增加前大梁重量和限制岸桥起重性能。
此外，该岸桥带来的其他有益效果，请参见上述有关前大梁俯仰机构的描述内容，在此不再赘述。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本申请的基本原理，但是，需要指出的是，在本申请中提及的优点、优势、效果等仅是示例而非限制，不能认为这些优点、优势、效果等是本申请的各个实施例必须具备的。另外，上述公开的具体细节仅是为了示例的作用和便于理解的作用，而非限制，上述细节并不限制本申请为必须采用上述具体的细节来实现。
本申请中涉及的器件、装置、设备、系统的方框图仅作为例示性的例子并且不意图要求或暗示必须按照方框图示出的方式进行连接、布置、配置。如本领域技术人员将认识到的，可以按任意方式连接、布置、配置这些器件、装置、设备、系统。诸如“包括”、“包含”、“具有”等等的词语是开放性词汇， 指“包括但不限于”，且可与其互换使用。这里所使用的词汇“或”和“和”指词汇“和/或”，且可与其互换使用，除非上下文明确指示不是如此。这里所使用的词汇“诸如”指词组“诸如但不限于”，且可与其互换使用。
还需要指出的是，在本申请的装置、设备和方法中，各部件或各步骤是可以分解和/或重新组合的。这些分解和/或重新组合应视为本申请的等效方案。
提供所公开的方面的以上描述以使本领域的任何技术人员能够做出或者使用本申请。对这些方面的各种修改对于本领域技术人员而言是非常显而易见的，并且在此定义的一般原理可以应用于其他方面而不脱离本申请的范围。因此，本申请不意图被限制到在此示出的方面，而是按照与在此公开的原理和新颖的特征一致的最宽范围。
应当理解，本申请实施例描述中所用到的限定词“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”、“第五”和“第六”仅用于更清楚的阐述技术方案，并不能用于限制本申请的保护范围。
为了例示和描述的目的已经给出了以上描述。此外，此描述不意图将本申请的实施例限制到在此公开的形式。尽管以上已经讨论了多个示例方面和实施例，但是本领域技术人员将认识到其某些变型、修改、改变、添加和子组合。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种前大梁俯仰机构，其特征在于，包括：
    前大梁，包括前段部分和后段部分，所述后段部分用于与梯形架铰接，所述前段部分与所述后段部分铰接，以使所述前段部分能够相对于所述后段部分弯折；
    牵拉件，连接在所述梯形架与所述前段部分之间，并能够与所述后段部分连接；
    其中，在所述后段部分相对于所述前大梁仰起的过程中，所述前段部分相对于所述后段部分的弯折角度到达预设值时，所述牵拉件与所述后段部分连接，以将所述前段部分相对于所述后段部分的弯折角度保持在所述预设值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的前大梁俯仰机构，其特征在于，所述后段部分靠近所述前段部分的一端上方设置有第一限位座，所述牵拉件包括第一拉杆，当所述前段部分相对于所述后段部分的弯折角度到达所述预设值时，所述第一拉杆的两端分别与所述第一限位座和所述前段部分连接，并与所述前段部分和所述后段部分之间的铰接轴呈三角形分布。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的前大梁俯仰机构，其特征在于，所述前段部分靠近所述后段部分的一端上方设置有第二限位座，所述牵拉件还包括第二拉杆，所述第二拉杆的一端与所述第一拉杆铰接、另一端与所述前段部分铰接，当所述前段部分相对于所述后段部分的弯折角度到达所述预设值时，所述第一拉杆的两端分别与所述第一限位座和所述第二限位座连接，并与所述前段部分和所述后段部分之间的铰接轴呈三角形分布。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的前大梁俯仰机构，其特征在于，当所述前段部分相对于所述后段部分的弯折角度到达所述预设值时，所述第一限位座和所述第二限位座之间的距离与所述第一拉杆的长度相等。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的前大梁俯仰机构，其特征在于，所述第一拉杆远离所述前段部分的一端设置有第一限位轴，所述第一限位座设置有供所 述第一限位轴嵌入的第一限位槽，所述第一限位槽的槽口朝向远离所述前段部分的方向。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的前大梁俯仰机构，其特征在于，所述第一限位座设置有导向部，以将所述第一限位轴导向至所述第一限位槽内。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的前大梁俯仰机构，其特征在于，所述第一限位槽沿槽底至槽口的方向渐扩。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的前大梁俯仰机构，其特征在于，所述第一限位轴设置为所述第一拉杆端部的铰接轴。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的前大梁俯仰机构，其特征在于，所述第二拉杆远离所述前段部分的一端设置有第二限位轴，所述第二限位座设置有供所述第二限位轴嵌入的第二限位槽，所述第二限位槽的槽口朝向所述牵拉件。
  10. 根据权利要求2-9中任意一项所述的前大梁俯仰机构，其特征在于，所述牵拉件包括多个铰接的拉杆。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任意一项所述的前大梁俯仰机构，其特征在于，所述前段部分和所述后段部分的铰接位置位于所述前段部分和所述后段部分的端部下部。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11中任意一项所述的前大梁俯仰机构，其特征在于，所述牵拉件设置为在所述前大梁水平放置时，所述牵拉件拉紧以限制所述前大梁相对于所述梯形架向下转动。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12中任意一项所述的前大梁俯仰机构，其特征在于，所述前大梁俯仰机构还包括俯仰缠绕机构，所述俯仰缠绕机构设置为通过钢丝绳拉动所述后段部分相对于所述梯形架向上转动。
  14. 一种岸桥，包括有前大梁俯仰机构，其特征在于，所述前大梁俯仰机构为权利要求1-13任意一项所述的前大梁俯仰机构。
PCT/CN2022/139559 2022-09-08 2022-12-16 一种前大梁俯仰机构及岸桥 WO2024051026A1 (zh)

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CN1472132A (zh) * 2003-06-27 2004-02-04 上海港口机械制造厂 一种岸边桥架式起重机
US20060283826A1 (en) * 2003-09-15 2006-12-21 Jean-Marc Yeral Lifting appliance
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