WO2024047684A1 - Combustible waste material processing device and processing method - Google Patents

Combustible waste material processing device and processing method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024047684A1
WO2024047684A1 PCT/JP2022/032340 JP2022032340W WO2024047684A1 WO 2024047684 A1 WO2024047684 A1 WO 2024047684A1 JP 2022032340 W JP2022032340 W JP 2022032340W WO 2024047684 A1 WO2024047684 A1 WO 2024047684A1
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Prior art keywords
combustible waste
combustible
heat medium
solid heat
cement kiln
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PCT/JP2022/032340
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
泰史 山本
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太平洋エンジニアリング株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2022/032340 priority Critical patent/WO2024047684A1/en
Priority to TW112108546A priority patent/TW202411567A/en
Publication of WO2024047684A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024047684A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
    • C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
    • C04B7/44—Burning; Melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/06—Continuous processes
    • C10J3/12—Continuous processes using solid heat-carriers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combustible waste processing device and a processing method, and more particularly to a device and method for effectively utilizing combustible waste such as waste plastics as fuel for a cement kiln.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a partial gasifier that partially gasifies the combustible waste by supplying a gasifying agent together with the combustible waste, and a partial gasifier that partially gasifies the combustible waste into cement.
  • a combustible waste treatment apparatus comprising a burner blowing into a kiln.
  • Patent Document 2 describes a carbonization gasification furnace that carbonizes combustible waste and two or more carbonization gasification furnaces that are operated alternately, and the carbonization gas discharged from the operating carbonization gasification furnace.
  • An apparatus for converting combustible waste into fuel is described, which includes a flow rate regulator that adjusts the flow rate of There is.
  • a partial gasifier or a carbonization gasifier is used to gasify combustible waste, but nothing is disclosed about a specific device configuration.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a device and method suitable for effectively utilizing combustible waste such as waste plastic as fuel for a cement kiln.
  • the present invention is a combustible waste processing apparatus, which includes a gasification furnace that heats and gasifies combustible waste with a powdery or granular solid heat medium, and a
  • the present invention is characterized by comprising a combustible gas supply device that supplies flammable gas generated in the furnace into the cement kiln from the front of the cement kiln.
  • combustible waste such as waste plastic can be effectively used as fuel for a cement kiln.
  • the exhaust gas of the gasifier can be used efficiently.
  • the solid heat medium By introducing a mixture of the combustible waste residue discharged from the gasifier and the solid heat medium into the medium preheating device, the solid heat medium can be used in circulation.
  • the solid heat medium may be a preheated raw material separated from a preheater cyclone of a cement firing device, and the waste heat in the cement firing device can be used to treat combustible waste.
  • a mixture of the combustible waste residue discharged from the gasifier and the preheated raw material can be introduced into the cement kiln of the cement firing device and fired.
  • the present invention also provides a method for treating combustible waste, in which combustible waste is heated and gasified using a powder or granular solid heat medium, and the generated flammable gas is transferred from the front of a cement kiln to cement. It is characterized by being supplied into a kiln and combusted. According to the present invention, combustible waste such as waste plastic can be effectively used as kiln fuel for a cement kiln.
  • a mixture of the residue after gasifying the combustible waste and the preheating raw material used to heat the solid heat medium can be introduced into the cement kiln and fired.
  • combustible waste such as waste plastic can be effectively used as fuel for a cement kiln.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a combustible waste processing apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of a combustible waste processing apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a combustible waste processing apparatus (hereinafter referred to as "processing apparatus") according to the present invention, and this processing apparatus 1 uses cement clinker as a powdery or granular solid heat medium.
  • Waste plastic hereinafter referred to as "waste plastic”
  • W Waste plastic
  • a medium preheating device 2 that preheats dust (hereinafter referred to as "clinker dust") C1 and preheated clinker dust C3.
  • clinker dust dust
  • a heat exchanger 4 that performs heat exchange using the exhaust gas G2 of the medium preheating device 2, and a heat exchanger 4 that transports the combustible gas G1 generated in the gasifier 3 to a cement kiln burner (not shown).
  • a gas conveyance path 11 is provided.
  • the medium preheating device 2 includes a combustion burner 2b at the bottom of the main body 2a, and a cyclone 2c and a double flap damper (hereinafter referred to as "damper") 2d at the rear of the main body 2a.
  • the combustion burner 2b is supplied with fuel gas, high-temperature gas G3 from the heat exchanger 4, and combustible gas G4 from the gasifier 3 via fans 9 and 10, and the combustion gas removes clinker dust C1 (normal operation Inside, a mixture M2) of clinker dust C2 and a mixture M1 to be described later is preheated.
  • the outlet gas duct of the cyclone 2c is connected to the heat exchanger 4, and clinker dust C3 from the cyclone 2c is introduced into the gasifier 3 via the damper 2d.
  • the gasifier 3 is supplied with preheated clinker dust C3 from the damper 2d, and heats and gasifies the waste plastic W supplied from the storage tank 13.
  • the gasifier 3 includes a gas duct 3b in the upper part of the main body 3a, and a cyclone 3d and a damper 3e downstream of the gas duct 3b. Further, a damper 3c is provided at the lower part of the main body 3a for discharging a mixture M1 of clinker dust used for heating and residues of gasified waste plastic W.
  • the gas duct 3b is supplied with clinker dust C1 used as a solid heat medium from the storage tank 12, and the combustible gas G1 after preheating the clinker dust C1 is supplied to the kiln burner via the gas conveyance path 11 and the fan 8.
  • a portion G4 of the combustible gas G1 is introduced into the combustion burner 2b of the medium preheating device 2 via the fan 10.
  • the clinker dust C2 collected by the cyclone 3d is supplied to the medium preheating device 2 together with the mixture M1 via the damper 3e and is preheated.
  • a fan 7 for introducing atmospheric air A into the heat exchanger 4 is provided near the heat exchanger 4, and a dust collector 5 and a chimney 6 are arranged downstream of the heat exchanger 4.
  • the atmosphere A introduced from the fan 7 undergoes heat exchange with the exhaust gas G2 from the medium preheating device 2.
  • the clinker dust C1 stored in the storage tank 12 is supplied to the medium preheating device 2 via the gasifier 3 and preheated.
  • Preheated clinker dust C3 at about 500° C. is supplied to the gasifier 3 via the cyclone 2c and the damper 2d, and the waste plastic W supplied from the storage tank 13 is heated and gasified.
  • the exhaust gas G2 at about 700°C is introduced into the heat exchanger 4, where it exchanges heat with the atmosphere A from the fan 7, and the high temperature gas G3 at about 200°C, Obtain G5-G7.
  • High-temperature gas G3 is introduced from fan 9 to combustion burner 2b of medium preheating device 2, high-temperature gas G6 is used as combustion air for the kiln burner, and high-temperature gases G5 and G7 are exhausted. After removing dust from the high-temperature gas G7 using a dust collector 5, it is released into the atmosphere from a chimney 6.
  • the combustible gas G1 of about 300 to 500°C generated by gasifying the waste plastic W in the gasifier 3 is used for preheating clinker dust C1 in the gas duct 3b, and then passed through the cyclone 3d, the gas conveyance path 11, and the fan 8. It is then supplied to the kiln burner and used for combustion within the kiln. A part of the combustible gas G1 is introduced into the combustion burner 2b of the medium preheating device 2 via the fan 10 as a high temperature gas G4.
  • the clinker dust C1 discharged from the storage tank 12 is preheated by the combustible gas G1 in the gas duct 3b, and then introduced into the medium preheating device 2 together with the mixture M1 via the cyclone 3d and the damper 3e, where it is preheated and heated in the gasifier 3. used for gasification.
  • This processing device 21 uses a preheated raw material R1 separated from a raw material chute 22a of a lowermost cyclone 22 of a preheater of a cement firing device as a solid heat medium to heat and gasify waste plastic W as combustible waste. .
  • a screw conveyor 27, a damper 28, a cushion hopper 29, and a screw conveyor 30 are arranged below the lowermost cyclone 22 to separate the preheated raw material R1.
  • the screw conveyor 27 has an opening formed by removing the upper half of the casing, and the preheated raw material R1 is taken out from this opening and introduced into the damper 28.
  • the cushion hopper 29 is provided to prevent the amount of preheated raw material R1 supplied to the screw conveyor 30 from fluctuating.
  • a damper 31 In order to supply waste plastic W to the gasifier 23, a damper 31, a cushion hopper 32, and a screw conveyor 33 are arranged below a storage tank (not shown).
  • the cushion hopper 32 is provided to prevent the amount of waste plastic W supplied to the screw conveyor 33 from fluctuating.
  • the gasifier 23 has a supply port (not shown) for the preheated raw material R1 and waste plastic W from the screw conveyors 30 and 33 in the upper part of the main body 23a, and a supply port (not shown) for the preheated raw material R1 used for heating and the gasified waste plastic W in the lower part.
  • a damper 34 is provided for discharging the residual mixture M.
  • a nitrogen gas generator 39 is arranged to reduce the oxygen concentration inside the main body 23a and to prevent blowing out from the shaft seal.
  • a gas conveyance path 35 conveys the flammable gas G21 generated in the gasifier 23 to a cement kiln burner (not shown), and a fan 36 and a gas conveyance path 37 convey the flammable gas G22 to the calciner burner 38. Equipped with
  • the preheated raw material R1 is collected from the lowermost cyclone 22 of the preheater of the cement firing apparatus, but the preheated raw material may be collected from another preheater cyclone above the lowermost cyclone 22.
  • the preheated raw material R1 at about 900°C is taken out from the lowermost cyclone 22 by the screw conveyor 27, and is transferred to the damper 28 and cushion. It is supplied to the gasifier 23 via the hopper 29 and screw conveyor 30. On the other hand, waste plastic W stored in a storage tank (not shown) is supplied to the gasifier 23 via a damper 31, a cushion hopper 32, and a screw conveyor 33. Note that the preheated raw material R2 that is not separated by the screw conveyor 27 is supplied to the cement kiln 24 as it is.
  • the waste plastic W is heated and gasified by the sensible heat of the preheated raw material R1, and the generated combustible gas G21 of about 300 to 500°C is supplied to the cement kiln burner via the gas conveyance path 35, and the waste plastic W is gasified. Used for internal combustion. Further, the combustible gas G22 is supplied to the calciner burner 38 via the fan 36 and the gas conveyance path 37, and is used for combustion within the calciner 26.
  • the mixture M of the preheated raw material R1 and the residue of the waste plastic W discharged from the gasifier 23 is introduced into the upright part 25 of the kiln bottom of the cement kiln 24 through the damper 34, and is fired in the cement kiln 24.
  • nitrogen generated by the nitrogen gas generator 39 is introduced into the gasifier 23 to reduce the oxygen concentration. decrease.
  • the combustible gases G1 and G21 generated in the gasifiers 3 and 23 are introduced into the cement kiln burner, but they are introduced into the cement kiln from a special nozzle etc. provided separately from the cement kiln burner.
  • the configuration of the combustible gas supply device is not limited as long as it is capable of supplying the combustible gases G1 and G21 into the cement kiln from the front of the cement kiln.
  • Processing device 2 Medium preheating device 3
  • Gasifier 4 Heat exchanger 5 Dust collector 6 Chimney 7 to 10 Fan 11 Gas conveyance paths 12, 13 Storage tank 21
  • Processing device 22 Lowermost cyclone 23
  • Gasifier 24 Cement kiln 25
  • Standing section 26 Temporary Furnace 27
  • Screw conveyor 28 Damper 29
  • Cushion hopper 30 Screw conveyor 31
  • Damper 32 Cushion hopper 33
  • Screw conveyor 34 Damper 35 Gas conveyance path 36 Fan 37 Gas conveyance path 38 Calciner burner 39

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

[Problem] The present invention addresses the problem of effectively using waste plastic or another combustible waste material as fuel in a cement kiln. [Solution] Provided is a combustible waste material processing device comprising a gasification furnace 3 that heats and gasifies a combustible waste material W using a crushed or granulated solid heat medium C1, and a combustible gas supply device that supplies a combustible gas G1 generated in the gasification furnace into a cement kiln from in front of the cement kiln. The present invention may comprise a medium preheating device 2 that combusts exhaust gas G1 from the gasification furnace to preheat the solid heat medium, and a mixture M1 of the solid heat medium and the remaining combustible waste material discharged from the gasification furnace may be introduced into the medium preheating device. Employing, as the solid heat medium, a preheating raw material that is isolated from a preheater cyclone of a cement firing device makes it possible to process the combustible waste material using waste heat in the cement firing device.

Description

可燃性廃棄物の処理装置及び処理方法Combustible waste processing equipment and processing method
　本発明は、可燃性廃棄物の処理装置及び処理方法に関し、廃プラスチック等の可燃性廃棄物をセメントキルンの燃料として有効利用する装置及び方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a combustible waste processing device and a processing method, and more particularly to a device and method for effectively utilizing combustible waste such as waste plastics as fuel for a cement kiln.
　従来、セメント製造工程において、各種可燃性廃棄物を燃料の代替として用い、廃棄物の処理に資すると共に、セメント製造における高価な化石燃料の原単位を低減する試みがなされている。 Conventionally, attempts have been made to use various combustible wastes as fuel substitutes in the cement manufacturing process to contribute to waste treatment and to reduce the consumption of expensive fossil fuels in cement manufacturing.
　例えば、特許文献１には、可燃性廃棄物と共にガス化剤を供給して可燃性廃棄物を部分的にガス化する部分ガス化炉と、部分的にガス化された可燃性廃棄物をセメントキルン内に吹き込むバーナとを備える可燃性廃棄物の処理装置が記載されている。 For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a partial gasifier that partially gasifies the combustible waste by supplying a gasifying agent together with the combustible waste, and a partial gasifier that partially gasifies the combustible waste into cement. A combustible waste treatment apparatus is described, comprising a burner blowing into a kiln.
　一方、特許文献２には、可燃性廃棄物を乾留ガス化する乾留ガス化炉と、２基以上の乾留ガス化炉を交互運転し、運転している乾留ガス化炉から排出される乾留ガスの流量を調整する流量調整器と、流量調整器によって流量が調整された乾留ガスをセメントキルンのメインバーナに連続的に供給する供給手段とを備える可燃性廃棄物の燃料化装置が記載されている。 On the other hand, Patent Document 2 describes a carbonization gasification furnace that carbonizes combustible waste and two or more carbonization gasification furnaces that are operated alternately, and the carbonization gas discharged from the operating carbonization gasification furnace. An apparatus for converting combustible waste into fuel is described, which includes a flow rate regulator that adjusts the flow rate of There is.
日本特開２００９－２８１６００号公報Japanese Patent Publication No. 2009-281600 日本特開２０２１－０９８６１９号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2021-098619
　しかし、上記特許文献に記載の発明では、可燃性廃棄物をガス化するにあたり部分ガス化炉や乾留ガス化炉が用いられているが、具体的な装置構成については何ら開示されていない。 However, in the invention described in the above-mentioned patent document, a partial gasifier or a carbonization gasifier is used to gasify combustible waste, but nothing is disclosed about a specific device configuration.
　そこで、本発明は、廃プラスチック等の可燃性廃棄物をセメントキルンの燃料として有効利用するのに好適な装置及び方法を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a device and method suitable for effectively utilizing combustible waste such as waste plastic as fuel for a cement kiln.
　上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、可燃性廃棄物の処理装置であって、可燃性廃棄物を粉状又は粒状の固体熱媒体によって加熱してガス化するガス化炉と、該ガス化炉で発生した可燃性ガスをセメントキルンの窯前からセメントキルン内に供給する可燃性ガス供給装置とを備えることを特徴とする。本発明によれば、廃プラスチック等の可燃性廃棄物をセメントキルンの燃料として有効に利用することができる。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a combustible waste processing apparatus, which includes a gasification furnace that heats and gasifies combustible waste with a powdery or granular solid heat medium, and a The present invention is characterized by comprising a combustible gas supply device that supplies flammable gas generated in the furnace into the cement kiln from the front of the cement kiln. According to the present invention, combustible waste such as waste plastic can be effectively used as fuel for a cement kiln.
　前記処理装置において、前記ガス化炉の排ガスを燃焼させて前記固体熱媒体を予熱する媒体予熱装置を備えることで、ガス化炉の排ガスを効率よく利用することができる。 By providing the processing apparatus with a medium preheating device that preheats the solid heat medium by combusting the exhaust gas of the gasifier, the exhaust gas of the gasifier can be used efficiently.
　前記ガス化炉から排出された可燃性廃棄物の残渣と固体熱媒体の混合物を前記媒体予熱装置に導入することで固体熱媒体を循環使用することができる。 By introducing a mixture of the combustible waste residue discharged from the gasifier and the solid heat medium into the medium preheating device, the solid heat medium can be used in circulation.
　前記固体熱媒体はセメント焼成装置のプレヒータサイクロンから分取した予熱原料であってもよく、セメント焼成装置における廃熱を利用して可燃性廃棄物を処理することができる。 The solid heat medium may be a preheated raw material separated from a preheater cyclone of a cement firing device, and the waste heat in the cement firing device can be used to treat combustible waste.
　前記ガス化炉から排出された可燃性廃棄物の残渣と予熱原料の混合物を前記セメント焼成装置のセメントキルンに導入して焼成することができる。 A mixture of the combustible waste residue discharged from the gasifier and the preheated raw material can be introduced into the cement kiln of the cement firing device and fired.
　また、本発明は、可燃性廃棄物の処理方法であって、可燃性廃棄物を粉状又は粒状の固体熱媒体によって加熱してガス化し、発生した可燃性ガスをセメントキルンの窯前からセメントキルン内に供給して燃焼させることを特徴とする。本発明によれば、廃プラスチック等の可燃性廃棄物をセメントキルンのキルン用燃料として有効に利用することができる。 The present invention also provides a method for treating combustible waste, in which combustible waste is heated and gasified using a powder or granular solid heat medium, and the generated flammable gas is transferred from the front of a cement kiln to cement. It is characterized by being supplied into a kiln and combusted. According to the present invention, combustible waste such as waste plastic can be effectively used as kiln fuel for a cement kiln.
　上記方法において、前記固体熱媒体をセメント焼成装置のプレヒータサイクロンから分取した予熱原料とすることで、セメント焼成装置における廃熱を利用して可燃性廃棄物を処理することができる。 In the above method, by using the solid heat medium as a preheating raw material separated from a preheater cyclone of a cement firing device, combustible waste can be treated using waste heat in the cement firing device.
　前記可燃性廃棄物をガス化した後の残渣と前記固体熱媒体の加熱に用いた予熱原料の混合物を前記セメントキルンに導入して焼成することができる。 A mixture of the residue after gasifying the combustible waste and the preheating raw material used to heat the solid heat medium can be introduced into the cement kiln and fired.
　以上のように、本発明によれば、廃プラスチック等の可燃性廃棄物をセメントキルンの燃料として有効利用することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, combustible waste such as waste plastic can be effectively used as fuel for a cement kiln.
本発明に係る可燃性廃棄物の処理装置の第１実施形態を示す全体構成図である。1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a combustible waste processing apparatus according to the present invention. 本発明に係る可燃性廃棄物の処理装置の第２実施形態を示す全体構成図である。FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of a combustible waste processing apparatus according to the present invention.
　次に、本発明を実施するための形態について、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。 Next, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
　図１は、本発明に係る可燃性廃棄物の処理装置（以下「処理装置」という。）の第１実施形態を示し、この処理装置１は、粉状又は粒状の固体熱媒体としてのセメントクリンカダスト（以下「クリンカダスト」という。）Ｃ１を予熱する媒体予熱装置２と、予熱したクリンカダストＣ３によって可燃性廃棄物としての廃プラスチック（以下「廃プラ」という。）Ｗを加熱してガス化するガス化炉３と、媒体予熱装置２の排ガスＧ２を利用して熱交換を行う熱交換器４と、ガス化炉３で発生した可燃性ガスＧ１をセメントキルンバーナ（不図示）まで搬送するガス搬送路１１を備える。 FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a combustible waste processing apparatus (hereinafter referred to as "processing apparatus") according to the present invention, and this processing apparatus 1 uses cement clinker as a powdery or granular solid heat medium. Waste plastic (hereinafter referred to as "waste plastic") W as combustible waste is heated and gasified by a medium preheating device 2 that preheats dust (hereinafter referred to as "clinker dust") C1 and preheated clinker dust C3. a heat exchanger 4 that performs heat exchange using the exhaust gas G2 of the medium preheating device 2, and a heat exchanger 4 that transports the combustible gas G1 generated in the gasifier 3 to a cement kiln burner (not shown). A gas conveyance path 11 is provided.
　媒体予熱装置２は、本体２ａの下部に燃焼バーナ２ｂと、本体２ａの後段にサイクロン２ｃとダブルフラップダンパ（以下「ダンパ」という。）２ｄを備える。燃焼バーナ２ｂには、燃料ガスと、熱交換器４からの高温ガスＧ３及びガス化炉３からの可燃性ガスＧ４がファン９、１０を介して供給され、燃焼ガスによってクリンカダストＣ１（通常運転中は、クリンカダストＣ２と後述する混合物Ｍ１との混合物Ｍ２）を予熱する。サイクロン２ｃの出口ガスダクトは熱交換器４に接続され、サイクロン２ｃからのクリンカダストＣ３はダンパ２ｄを介してガス化炉３に導入される。 The medium preheating device 2 includes a combustion burner 2b at the bottom of the main body 2a, and a cyclone 2c and a double flap damper (hereinafter referred to as "damper") 2d at the rear of the main body 2a. The combustion burner 2b is supplied with fuel gas, high-temperature gas G3 from the heat exchanger 4, and combustible gas G4 from the gasifier 3 via fans 9 and 10, and the combustion gas removes clinker dust C1 (normal operation Inside, a mixture M2) of clinker dust C2 and a mixture M1 to be described later is preheated. The outlet gas duct of the cyclone 2c is connected to the heat exchanger 4, and clinker dust C3 from the cyclone 2c is introduced into the gasifier 3 via the damper 2d.
　ガス化炉３には、ダンパ２ｄから予熱されたクリンカダストＣ３が供給され、貯槽１３から供給された廃プラＷを加熱してガス化する。ガス化炉３は、本体３ａの上部にガスダクト３ｂを備え、ガスダクト３ｂの後段にサイクロン３ｄとダンパ３ｅを備える。また、本体３ａの下部に、加熱に用いたクリンカダストとガス化した廃プラＷの残渣の混合物Ｍ１を排出するためのダンパ３ｃが設けられる。ガスダクト３ｂには、貯槽１２から固体熱媒体として用いるクリンカダストＣ１が供給され、クリンカダストＣ１を予熱した後の可燃性ガスＧ１がガス搬送路１１、ファン８を介してキルンバーナへ供給される。可燃性ガスＧ１の一部Ｇ４は、ファン１０を介して媒体予熱装置２の燃焼バーナ２ｂに導入される。サイクロン３ｄで回収したクリンカダストＣ２は、ダンパ３ｅを経て混合物Ｍ１と共に媒体予熱装置２に供給されて予熱される。 The gasifier 3 is supplied with preheated clinker dust C3 from the damper 2d, and heats and gasifies the waste plastic W supplied from the storage tank 13. The gasifier 3 includes a gas duct 3b in the upper part of the main body 3a, and a cyclone 3d and a damper 3e downstream of the gas duct 3b. Further, a damper 3c is provided at the lower part of the main body 3a for discharging a mixture M1 of clinker dust used for heating and residues of gasified waste plastic W. The gas duct 3b is supplied with clinker dust C1 used as a solid heat medium from the storage tank 12, and the combustible gas G1 after preheating the clinker dust C1 is supplied to the kiln burner via the gas conveyance path 11 and the fan 8. A portion G4 of the combustible gas G1 is introduced into the combustion burner 2b of the medium preheating device 2 via the fan 10. The clinker dust C2 collected by the cyclone 3d is supplied to the medium preheating device 2 together with the mixture M1 via the damper 3e and is preheated.
　熱交換器４の近傍には、熱交換器４に大気Ａを導入するためのファン７が設けられ、熱交換器４の後段には、集塵機５と煙突６が配置される。ファン７から導入された大気Ａは、媒体予熱装置２からの排ガスＧ２によって熱交換される。 A fan 7 for introducing atmospheric air A into the heat exchanger 4 is provided near the heat exchanger 4, and a dust collector 5 and a chimney 6 are arranged downstream of the heat exchanger 4. The atmosphere A introduced from the fan 7 undergoes heat exchange with the exhaust gas G2 from the medium preheating device 2.
　次に、上記構成を有する処理装置１を用いた本発明に係る可燃性廃棄物の処理方法について図１を参照しながら説明する。 Next, a method for treating combustible waste according to the present invention using the treatment apparatus 1 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG. 1.
　媒体予熱装置２の燃焼バーナ２ｂで燃料ガスを燃焼させ、本体２ａの内部を加熱した後、貯槽１２に貯留したクリンカダストＣ１をガス化炉３を介して媒体予熱装置２に供給して予熱する。予熱した５００℃程度のクリンカダストＣ３をサイクロン２ｃ、ダンパ２ｄを介してガス化炉３に供給し、貯槽１３から供給した廃プラＷを加熱してガス化する。 After burning the fuel gas in the combustion burner 2b of the medium preheating device 2 and heating the inside of the main body 2a, the clinker dust C1 stored in the storage tank 12 is supplied to the medium preheating device 2 via the gasifier 3 and preheated. . Preheated clinker dust C3 at about 500° C. is supplied to the gasifier 3 via the cyclone 2c and the damper 2d, and the waste plastic W supplied from the storage tank 13 is heated and gasified.
　クリンカダストＣ１（通常運転中は混合物Ｍ２）を予熱した後の７００℃程度の排ガスＧ２を熱交換器４に導入し、ファン７からの大気Ａと熱交換し、２００℃程度の高温ガスＧ３、Ｇ５～Ｇ７を得る。高温ガスＧ３をファン９から媒体予熱装置２の燃焼バーナ２ｂに導入し、高温ガスＧ６をキルンバーナの燃焼用空気として利用し、高温ガスＧ５、Ｇ７を排気する。高温ガスＧ７は集塵機５で除塵した後、煙突６から大気へ放出する。 After preheating the clinker dust C1 (mixture M2 during normal operation), the exhaust gas G2 at about 700°C is introduced into the heat exchanger 4, where it exchanges heat with the atmosphere A from the fan 7, and the high temperature gas G3 at about 200°C, Obtain G5-G7. High-temperature gas G3 is introduced from fan 9 to combustion burner 2b of medium preheating device 2, high-temperature gas G6 is used as combustion air for the kiln burner, and high-temperature gases G5 and G7 are exhausted. After removing dust from the high-temperature gas G7 using a dust collector 5, it is released into the atmosphere from a chimney 6.
　ガス化炉３において廃プラＷのガス化によって生じた３００～５００℃程度の可燃性ガスＧ１は、ガスダクト３ｂにおいてクリンカダストＣ１の予熱に利用した後、サイクロン３ｄ、ガス搬送路１１、ファン８を経てキルンバーナへ供給され、キルン内での燃焼に利用される。可燃性ガスＧ１の一部は、高温ガスＧ４としてファン１０を経て媒体予熱装置２の燃焼バーナ２ｂに導入される。 The combustible gas G1 of about 300 to 500°C generated by gasifying the waste plastic W in the gasifier 3 is used for preheating clinker dust C1 in the gas duct 3b, and then passed through the cyclone 3d, the gas conveyance path 11, and the fan 8. It is then supplied to the kiln burner and used for combustion within the kiln. A part of the combustible gas G1 is introduced into the combustion burner 2b of the medium preheating device 2 via the fan 10 as a high temperature gas G4.
　貯槽１２から排出されたクリンカダストＣ１は、ガスダクト３ｂにおいて可燃性ガスＧ１によって予熱された後、サイクロン３ｄ、ダンパ３ｅを経て混合物Ｍ１と共に媒体予熱装置２に導入されて予熱され、ガス化炉３でのガス化に利用される。 The clinker dust C1 discharged from the storage tank 12 is preheated by the combustible gas G1 in the gas duct 3b, and then introduced into the medium preheating device 2 together with the mixture M1 via the cyclone 3d and the damper 3e, where it is preheated and heated in the gasifier 3. used for gasification.
　尚、上記実施の形態においては、固体熱媒体としてクリンカダストを用いる場合を例示したが、クリンカダストに代えて珪砂、スラグ等を用いることもできる。 Incidentally, in the above embodiment, the case where clinker dust is used as the solid heat medium is exemplified, but silica sand, slag, etc. can also be used instead of clinker dust.
　次に、本発明に係る処理装置の第２実施形態について、図２を参照しながら説明する。 Next, a second embodiment of the processing device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 2.
　この処理装置２１は、セメント焼成装置のプレヒータの最下段サイクロン２２の原料シュート２２ａから分取した予熱原料Ｒ１を固体熱媒体として用い、可燃性廃棄物としての廃プラＷを加熱してガス化する。 This processing device 21 uses a preheated raw material R1 separated from a raw material chute 22a of a lowermost cyclone 22 of a preheater of a cement firing device as a solid heat medium to heat and gasify waste plastic W as combustible waste. .
　最下段サイクロン２２の下方には、予熱原料Ｒ１を分取するためのスクリューコンベヤ２７と、ダンパ２８と、クッションホッパ２９と、スクリューコンベヤ３０とが配置される。スクリューコンベヤ２７は、ケーシングの上半分を除去した開口を有し、この開口から予熱原料Ｒ１を分取してダンパ２８に導入する。クッションホッパ２９は、スクリューコンベヤ３０へ供給される予熱原料Ｒ１の量が変動するのを防止するために備えられる。 A screw conveyor 27, a damper 28, a cushion hopper 29, and a screw conveyor 30 are arranged below the lowermost cyclone 22 to separate the preheated raw material R1. The screw conveyor 27 has an opening formed by removing the upper half of the casing, and the preheated raw material R1 is taken out from this opening and introduced into the damper 28. The cushion hopper 29 is provided to prevent the amount of preheated raw material R1 supplied to the screw conveyor 30 from fluctuating.
　一方、廃プラＷをガス化炉２３に供給するため、貯槽（不図示）の下方にダンパ３１と、クッションホッパ３２と、スクリューコンベヤ３３とが配置される。クッションホッパ３２は、スクリューコンベヤ３３へ供給される廃プラＷの量が変動するのを防止するために備えられる。 On the other hand, in order to supply waste plastic W to the gasifier 23, a damper 31, a cushion hopper 32, and a screw conveyor 33 are arranged below a storage tank (not shown). The cushion hopper 32 is provided to prevent the amount of waste plastic W supplied to the screw conveyor 33 from fluctuating.
　ガス化炉２３は、本体２３ａの上部にスクリューコンベヤ３０、３３からの予熱原料Ｒ１、廃プラＷの供給口（不図示）と、下部に加熱に用いた予熱原料Ｒ１とガス化した廃プラＷの残渣の混合物Ｍを排出するためのダンパ３４を備える。また、本体２３ａの内部の酸素濃度を低下させるため、また軸封部からの吹き出しを防止するため、窒素ガス発生装置３９が配置される。 The gasifier 23 has a supply port (not shown) for the preheated raw material R1 and waste plastic W from the screw conveyors 30 and 33 in the upper part of the main body 23a, and a supply port (not shown) for the preheated raw material R1 used for heating and the gasified waste plastic W in the lower part. A damper 34 is provided for discharging the residual mixture M. Further, a nitrogen gas generator 39 is arranged to reduce the oxygen concentration inside the main body 23a and to prevent blowing out from the shaft seal.
　さらに、ガス化炉２３で発生した可燃性ガスＧ２１をセメントキルンバーナ（不図示）まで搬送するガス搬送路３５と、可燃性ガスＧ２２を仮焼炉バーナ３８まで搬送するファン３６及びガス搬送路３７を備える。 Furthermore, a gas conveyance path 35 conveys the flammable gas G21 generated in the gasifier 23 to a cement kiln burner (not shown), and a fan 36 and a gas conveyance path 37 convey the flammable gas G22 to the calciner burner 38. Equipped with
　尚、本実施の形態ではセメント焼成装置のプレヒータの最下段サイクロン２２から予熱原料Ｒ１を分取したが、最下段サイクロン２２より上方の他のプレヒータサイクロンから予熱原料を分取してもよい。 In this embodiment, the preheated raw material R1 is collected from the lowermost cyclone 22 of the preheater of the cement firing apparatus, but the preheated raw material may be collected from another preheater cyclone above the lowermost cyclone 22.
　次に、上記構成を有する処理装置２１を用いた本発明に係る可燃性廃棄物の処理方法について図２を参照しながら説明する。 Next, a method for treating combustible waste according to the present invention using the treatment device 21 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG. 2.
　セメントキルン２４、仮焼炉２６及び最下段サイクロン２２等を備えたセメント焼成装置の運転中に、最下段サイクロン２２から９００℃程度の予熱原料Ｒ１をスクリューコンベヤ２７で分取し、ダンパ２８、クッションホッパ２９、スクリューコンベヤ３０を経てガス化炉２３に供給する。一方、貯槽（不図示）に貯留した廃プラＷをダンパ３１、クッションホッパ３２、スクリューコンベヤ３３を経てガス化炉２３に供給する。尚、スクリューコンベヤ２７で分取されなかった予熱原料Ｒ２は、そのままセメントキルン２４へ供給する。 During the operation of the cement kiln 24, the calcining furnace 26, the lowermost cyclone 22, etc., the preheated raw material R1 at about 900°C is taken out from the lowermost cyclone 22 by the screw conveyor 27, and is transferred to the damper 28 and cushion. It is supplied to the gasifier 23 via the hopper 29 and screw conveyor 30. On the other hand, waste plastic W stored in a storage tank (not shown) is supplied to the gasifier 23 via a damper 31, a cushion hopper 32, and a screw conveyor 33. Note that the preheated raw material R2 that is not separated by the screw conveyor 27 is supplied to the cement kiln 24 as it is.
　ガス化炉２３において廃プラＷを予熱原料Ｒ１の顕熱によって加熱してガス化し、生じた３００～５００℃程度の可燃性ガスＧ２１をガス搬送路３５を経てセメントキルンバーナへ供給し、セメントキルン内での燃焼に利用する。また、可燃性ガスＧ２２をファン３６、ガス搬送路３７を経て仮焼炉バーナ３８へ供給し、仮焼炉２６内での燃焼に利用する。 In the gasification furnace 23, the waste plastic W is heated and gasified by the sensible heat of the preheated raw material R1, and the generated combustible gas G21 of about 300 to 500°C is supplied to the cement kiln burner via the gas conveyance path 35, and the waste plastic W is gasified. Used for internal combustion. Further, the combustible gas G22 is supplied to the calciner burner 38 via the fan 36 and the gas conveyance path 37, and is used for combustion within the calciner 26.
　ガス化炉２３から排出された予熱原料Ｒ１と廃プラＷの残渣の混合物Ｍは、ダンパ３４を経てセメントキルン２４の窯尻の立上部２５に導入され、セメントキルン２４で焼成される。 The mixture M of the preheated raw material R1 and the residue of the waste plastic W discharged from the gasifier 23 is introduced into the upright part 25 of the kiln bottom of the cement kiln 24 through the damper 34, and is fired in the cement kiln 24.
　尚、ガス化炉２３の運転中に本体２３ａ内部の酸素濃度が上昇して爆発が懸念される場合には、窒素ガス発生装置３９で発生させた窒素をガス化炉２３に導入して酸素濃度を低下させる。 If the oxygen concentration inside the main body 23a increases during operation of the gasifier 23 and there is a concern about an explosion, nitrogen generated by the nitrogen gas generator 39 is introduced into the gasifier 23 to reduce the oxygen concentration. decrease.
　また、仮焼炉２６側にガス化炉２３を設置する場合には、ガス化炉２３にサイクロン及びファンを設置し、ガス化炉２３で生じた可燃性ガスＧ２１を除塵した後、セメントキルンバーナまで搬送する。 In addition, when installing the gasifier 23 on the calciner 26 side, a cyclone and a fan are installed in the gasifier 23, and after removing dust from the combustible gas G21 generated in the gasifier 23, the cement kiln burner is installed. Transport to.
　さらに、上記実施の形態においては、ガス化炉３、２３で発生させた可燃性ガスＧ１、Ｇ２１をセメントキルンバーナに導入したが、セメントキルンバーナとは別に設けた専用ノズル等からセメントキルン内に吹き込むこともでき、可燃性ガスＧ１、Ｇ２１をセメントキルンの窯前からセメントキルン内に供給することのできる可燃性ガス供給装置であればその構成は問わない。 Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the combustible gases G1 and G21 generated in the gasifiers 3 and 23 are introduced into the cement kiln burner, but they are introduced into the cement kiln from a special nozzle etc. provided separately from the cement kiln burner. The configuration of the combustible gas supply device is not limited as long as it is capable of supplying the combustible gases G1 and G21 into the cement kiln from the front of the cement kiln.
１　処理装置
２  媒体予熱装置
３  ガス化炉
４  熱交換器
５　集塵機
６　煙突
７～１０　ファン
１１　ガス搬送路
１２、１３　貯槽
２１　処理装置
２２　最下段サイクロン
２３  ガス化炉
２４　セメントキルン
２５　立上部
２６　仮焼炉
２７　スクリューコンベヤ
２８　ダンパ
２９　クッションホッパ
３０　スクリューコンベヤ
３１　ダンパ
３２　クッションホッパ
３３　スクリューコンベヤ
３４　ダンパ
３５　ガス搬送路
３６　ファン
３７　ガス搬送路
３８　仮焼炉バーナ
３９　窒素ガス発生装置 1 Processing device 2 Medium preheating device 3 Gasifier 4 Heat exchanger 5 Dust collector 6 Chimney 7 to 10 Fan 11 Gas conveyance paths 12, 13 Storage tank 21 Processing device 22 Lowermost cyclone 23 Gasifier 24 Cement kiln 25 Standing section 26 Temporary Furnace 27 Screw conveyor 28 Damper 29 Cushion hopper 30 Screw conveyor 31 Damper 32 Cushion hopper 33 Screw conveyor 34 Damper 35 Gas conveyance path 36 Fan 37 Gas conveyance path 38 Calciner burner 39 Nitrogen gas generator

Claims (8)

  1. 　可燃性廃棄物を粉状又は粒状の固体熱媒体によって加熱してガス化するガス化炉と、
    該ガス化炉で発生した可燃性ガスをセメントキルンの窯前からセメントキルン内に供給する可燃性ガス供給装置とを備えることを特徴とする可燃性廃棄物の処理装置。     A gasification furnace that heats and gasifies combustible waste with a powder or granular solid heat medium;
    A combustible waste processing apparatus comprising: a combustible gas supply device that supplies flammable gas generated in the gasification furnace from the front of the cement kiln into the cement kiln.
  2. 　前記ガス化炉の排ガスを燃焼させて前記固体熱媒体を予熱する媒体予熱装置を備えることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の可燃性廃棄物の処理装置。 The combustible waste processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a medium preheating device that preheats the solid heat medium by burning the exhaust gas of the gasifier.
  3. 　前記ガス化炉から排出された可燃性廃棄物の残渣と固体熱媒体の混合物を前記媒体予熱装置に導入することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の可燃性廃棄物の処理装置。 The combustible waste processing device according to claim 2, wherein a mixture of combustible waste residue discharged from the gasifier and a solid heat medium is introduced into the medium preheating device.
  4. 　前記固体熱媒体は、セメント焼成装置のプレヒータサイクロンから分取した予熱原料であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の可燃性廃棄物の処理装置。 The combustible waste treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the solid heat medium is a preheated raw material separated from a preheater cyclone of a cement firing device.
  5. 　前記ガス化炉から排出された可燃性廃棄物の残渣と予熱原料の混合物を前記セメント焼成装置のセメントキルンに導入することを特徴とする請求項４に記載の可燃性廃棄物の処理装置。 The combustible waste processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a mixture of combustible waste residue discharged from the gasifier and preheated raw materials is introduced into a cement kiln of the cement firing apparatus.
  6. 　可燃性廃棄物を粉状又は粒状の固体熱媒体によって加熱してガス化し、
    発生した可燃性ガスをセメントキルンの窯前からセメントキルン内に供給して燃焼させることを特徴とする可燃性廃棄物の処理方法。     Combustible waste is heated and gasified with a powder or granular solid heat medium,
    A method for treating combustible waste, characterized by supplying generated flammable gas from the front of the cement kiln into the cement kiln and burning it.
  7. 　前記固体熱媒体は、セメント焼成装置のプレヒータサイクロンから分取した予熱原料であることを特徴とする請求項６に記載の可燃性廃棄物の処理方法。 7. The method for treating combustible waste according to claim 6, wherein the solid heat medium is a preheated raw material separated from a preheater cyclone of a cement firing device.
  8. 　前記可燃性廃棄物をガス化した後の残渣と前記固体熱媒体の加熱に用いた予熱原料の混合物を前記セメントキルンに導入することを特徴とする請求項７に記載の可燃性廃棄物の処理方法。 The combustible waste treatment according to claim 7, characterized in that a mixture of a residue after gasifying the combustible waste and a preheating raw material used for heating the solid heat medium is introduced into the cement kiln. Method.
PCT/JP2022/032340 2022-08-29 2022-08-29 Combustible waste material processing device and processing method WO2024047684A1 (en)

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