WO2024046343A1 - 参数设置方法及装置 - Google Patents

参数设置方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024046343A1
WO2024046343A1 PCT/CN2023/115683 CN2023115683W WO2024046343A1 WO 2024046343 A1 WO2024046343 A1 WO 2024046343A1 CN 2023115683 W CN2023115683 W CN 2023115683W WO 2024046343 A1 WO2024046343 A1 WO 2024046343A1
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level
opening
collision
vehicle
duration
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PCT/CN2023/115683
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈文明
樊丁洪
陈帅
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奇瑞汽车股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2024046343A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024046343A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a parameter setting method and device.
  • the current common collision high-voltage safety protection is mainly passive safety protection.
  • the main measure is to disconnect the high-voltage relay within a certain period of time after a vehicle collision to avoid safety problems caused by high-voltage wire harness exposure, short circuit and other situations caused by the collision.
  • This application provides a parameter setting method and device.
  • a parameter setting method includes:
  • the duration for which electrical components of the vehicle unload voltage is set.
  • the operating parameters of the vehicle include at least one of the following:
  • Vehicle speed, acceleration, gear position, accelerator pedal opening, brake pedal stroke, anti-lock braking system ABS activation status, automatic braking system AEB activation status, the distance between the forward-looking obstacle and the vehicle, and the distance between the forward-looking obstacle and the vehicle The relative speed of the vehicle.
  • the pre-collision level of the vehicle is one of multiple levels; at different levels of the multiple levels, the unloading voltage is set for different durations.
  • the multiple levels include: level zero, level one, level two and level three with successively higher levels.
  • the multiple levels have corresponding conditions respectively.
  • the any level is the pre-collision level; the method satisfies at least one of the following: conditions:
  • the conditions corresponding to the zero level include: the conditions corresponding to the levels other than the zero level among the multiple levels are not met, the accelerator pedal opening is greater than the first opening, the brake pedal opening is less than the second opening, or The deceleration is less than the first deceleration;
  • the conditions corresponding to the first level include: the current gear is in the forward D gear, the accelerator pedal opening is less than the third opening, the brake pedal opening is greater than the fourth opening, the deceleration is greater than the first deceleration, and the current vehicle speed is greater than the third opening.
  • the conditions corresponding to the second level include: the current gear is in D, ABS is activated, the accelerator pedal opening is less than the fifth opening, the brake pedal opening is greater than the sixth opening, and there is a brake pedal stroke change rate in the current braking cycle. is greater than the first change rate, the deceleration is greater than the second deceleration, and the current vehicle speed is greater than the second vehicle speed;
  • the conditions corresponding to the third level are: the current gear is in D, ABS is activated, the accelerator pedal opening is less than the seventh opening, the brake pedal opening is greater than the eighth opening, and there is a brake pedal stroke change rate in the current braking cycle. is greater than the second change rate, the deceleration is greater than the third deceleration, and the current vehicle speed is greater than the third vehicle speed; or, the current gear is in D, AEB is activated, and the pre-collision duration is less than the first duration;
  • the pre-collision duration is calculated based on the distance and relative speed between the forward-looking obstacle and the vehicle.
  • the pre-collision duration is equal to the distance between the forward-looking obstacle and the vehicle divided by the relative speed of the forward-looking obstacle and the vehicle.
  • the electrical components have an initial duration for unloading voltage; according to the pre-collision level, setting the duration for the electrical components of the vehicle to unload voltage includes:
  • the duration of the unloading voltage of the electrical component is set to the initial duration
  • the duration of setting the unloading voltage of the electrical component is half of the initial duration
  • the duration of the unloading voltage of the electrical components is set to the shortest duration of the unloading voltage of the electrical components, and the shortest duration of the unloading voltage of the electrical components is less than half of the initial duration. ;
  • the duration of the unloading voltage of the electrical components is set to the shortest duration of the unloading voltage of the electrical components, and the heat pump control system, compressor control system, heater PTC control system, and motor are turned off.
  • the control system, the DC/DC DC/DC control system and/or the collision pre-judgment module used to determine the pre-collision level controls the motor to execute the active stability control system ASC according to the maximum capacity, controls the coolant flow to the maximum, and controls the fan speed to the maximum .
  • the vehicle includes a DC/DC converter, the DC/DC converter is used to convert one DC voltage into another DC voltage, and the operating voltage of the electrical component is greater than: the one DC voltage voltage and the other DC voltage.
  • a parameter setting device including: a collision pre-judgment module and an unloading parameter processing module;
  • a collision pre-judgment module configured to determine the pre-collision level of the vehicle based on the vehicle's operating parameters, where the pre-collision level is used to characterize the probability of an imminent collision of the vehicle;
  • the unloading parameter processing module is used to set the duration of unloading voltage of the electrical components of the vehicle according to the pre-collision level.
  • the operating parameters of the vehicle include at least one of the following:
  • the pre-collision level of the vehicle is one of multiple levels; at different levels of the multiple levels, the unloading voltage is set for different durations.
  • the multiple levels include: level zero, level one, level two and level three with successively higher levels.
  • the multiple levels have corresponding conditions respectively.
  • the any level is the pre-collision level; the method satisfies at least one of the following: conditions:
  • the conditions corresponding to the zero level include: the conditions corresponding to the levels other than the zero level among the multiple levels are not met, the accelerator pedal opening is greater than the first opening, the brake pedal opening is less than the second opening, or The deceleration is less than the first deceleration;
  • the conditions corresponding to the first level include: the current gear is in the forward D gear, the accelerator pedal opening is less than the third opening, the brake pedal opening is greater than the fourth opening, the deceleration is greater than the first deceleration, and the current vehicle speed is greater than the third opening.
  • the conditions corresponding to the second level include: the current gear is in D, ABS is activated, the accelerator pedal opening is less than the fifth opening, the brake pedal opening is greater than the sixth opening, and there is a brake pedal stroke change rate in the current braking cycle. is greater than the first change rate, the deceleration is greater than the second deceleration, and the current vehicle speed is greater than the second vehicle speed;
  • the conditions corresponding to the third level are: the current gear is in D, ABS is activated, the accelerator pedal opening is less than the seventh opening, the brake pedal opening is greater than the eighth opening, and there is a brake pedal stroke change rate in the current braking cycle. is greater than the second change rate, the deceleration is greater than the third deceleration, and the current vehicle speed is greater than the third vehicle speed; or, the current gear is in D, AEB is activated, and the pre-collision duration is less than the first duration;
  • the pre-collision duration is calculated based on the distance and relative speed between the forward-looking obstacle and the vehicle.
  • the pre-collision duration is equal to the distance between the forward-looking obstacle and the vehicle divided by the relative speed of the forward-looking obstacle and the vehicle.
  • the electrical component has an initial duration of unloading voltage; the unloading parameter processing module is used to:
  • the duration of the unloading voltage of the electrical component is set to the initial duration
  • the duration of setting the unloading voltage of the electrical component is half of the initial duration
  • the duration of the unloading voltage of the electrical components is set to the shortest duration of the unloading voltage of the electrical components, and the shortest duration of the unloading voltage of the electrical components is less than half of the initial duration. ;
  • the duration of the unloading voltage of the electrical components is set to the shortest duration of the unloading voltage of the electrical components, and the heat pump control system, compressor control system, heater PTC control system, and motor are turned off.
  • the control system, the DC/DC DC/DC control system and/or the collision pre-judgment module used to determine the pre-collision level controls the motor to execute the active stability control system ASC according to the maximum capacity, controls the coolant flow to the maximum, and controls the fan speed to the maximum .
  • a vehicle including the parameter setting device described in any design of the second aspect.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of collision pre-judgment according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the high-voltage parameter unloading process according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • collision high-voltage safety protection is mainly passive safety protection, and the main measure is to disconnect the high-voltage relay within a certain period of time after a vehicle collision.
  • One technique is to add a power-off switch at the relay drive power supply end or the high-voltage wiring harness end.
  • the power-off switch is directly driven by the air bag controller current. When a collision occurs, the airbag controller generates current, which acts on the power-off switch.
  • the power-off switch can cut off the high-voltage relay or high-voltage wiring harness in 30 milliseconds (ms) or less.
  • PWM Pulse Width Modulation
  • CAN Controller Area Network
  • the key to collision high-voltage passive safety protection lies in the duration of disconnection of high voltage after a collision.
  • the shorter the duration the higher the safety and the lower the probability of fire and leakage.
  • the time required to disconnect the high voltage is different under different collision conditions.
  • the relay end may carry a large current load. In this case, when the relay or high-voltage line is disconnected, the relay may stick or spark out, which poses a greater safety risk. Hidden danger.
  • this application proposes a parameter setting method and device. Before a collision occurs, this application configures different high-voltage disconnection durations according to different collision conditions, thereby reducing the high-voltage load in different minimum times, thereby overall enhancing the safety of high-voltage power outage in a collision.
  • this application provides a method for controlling electrical components, which method includes:
  • the pre-collision level of the vehicle is determined.
  • the pre-collision level is used to represent the probability of an imminent collision of the vehicle.
  • the length of time for the vehicle's electrical components to unload the voltage is set (that is, the electrical components the length of time the voltage is disconnected).
  • the electrical component may be a high-voltage electrical component.
  • the operating voltage of the electrical component is greater than: the minimum voltage of one DC voltage and another DC voltage, and the DC/DC converter is used to convert one DC voltage to another DC voltage.
  • the electrical component may not be a high-voltage electrical component, which is not limited in this application.
  • the operating parameters of the vehicle can come from the parameters of the interaction of various controllers in the vehicle.
  • the vehicle's pre-collision level can be judged based on the relevant parameters of the vehicle's various controller interactions.
  • the operating parameters of the vehicle that are about to trigger a collision are obtained, the possibility of collision is identified through the parameters, different pre-collision levels are divided, and the unloading duration is adjusted in advance to effectively avoid the probability of high-voltage load cutoff and enhance high-voltage safety.
  • the unloading time of each component is adjustable. For example, for a high-voltage compressor used in air conditioners, if the factory unloading voltage is set to 1 second (s), the compressor itself has the best unloading performance (compressor unloading voltage The minimum duration) is 0.2 seconds. Then depending on the level of pre-collision, the unloading time becomes 0.5 seconds for the first-level pre-collision, and the unloading time becomes 0.2 seconds for the second-level pre-collision. Classifying the pre-collision status and setting the unloading voltage duration according to the level (for example, the unloading time decreases as the pre-collision level increases) can reduce the overall unloading voltage duration while taking into account the unloading of the electrical components themselves. Ability to avoid failures caused by high-voltage load dumping or excessively fast unloading.
  • the operating parameters of the vehicle include at least one of the following: vehicle speed, acceleration, gear position, accelerator pedal opening, brake pedal stroke, anti-lock brake system (antilock brake system, ABS) activation status, Automatic braking system (autonomous emergency braking, AEB) activation status, the distance between the forward-looking obstacle and the vehicle, and the relative speed of the forward-looking obstacle and the vehicle.
  • vehicle speed acceleration, gear position, accelerator pedal opening, brake pedal stroke
  • anti-lock brake system antilock brake system, ABS
  • ABS anti-lock brake system
  • AEB Automatic braking system
  • the vehicle's operating parameters may also include other parameters in addition to these parameters.
  • the pre-collision level of the vehicle may be one of multiple levels; at different levels of the multiple levels, the duration of the unloading voltage is set to be different. In this way, different unloading voltage durations can be set for electrical components at different levels.
  • the multiple levels include: level zero, level one, level two and level three with successively higher levels.
  • the pre-collision level is any one of level zero, level one, level two and level three.
  • the multiple levels may not be these four levels.
  • Each of the multiple levels has corresponding conditions. When the conditions corresponding to any one of the multiple levels are met, that level is the pre-collision level.
  • condition a1 corresponding to zero level includes: no pre-collision greater than zero level is triggered, or the accelerator pedal opening is greater than the first opening (parameter U4), or the brake pedal opening is less than the second opening (parameter B4) , or the deceleration is less than the first deceleration (parameter A4);
  • condition b1 or b2 is met.
  • Condition b1 The current gear is in the forward (drive, D) gear, and the accelerator pedal opening is less than the third opening (parameter U1), and the brake pedal opening is greater than the fourth opening (parameter B1), and the deceleration is greater than the third opening. a deceleration (parameter A1), and the current vehicle speed is greater than the first vehicle speed (parameter V1).
  • Condition b2 ABS activated;
  • the conditions corresponding to the second level include: the current gear is in D position, and ABS is activated, and the accelerator pedal opening is less than the fifth opening (parameter U2), and the brake pedal opening is greater than the sixth opening (parameter B2 ), and in the current braking cycle, the brake pedal stroke change rate is greater than the first change rate (parameter db1), and the deceleration is greater than the second deceleration (parameter A2), and the current vehicle speed is greater than the second vehicle speed (parameter V2);
  • condition d1 or d2 are satisfied.
  • Condition d1 The current gear is in D, and ABS is activated, and the accelerator pedal opening is less than the seventh opening (parameter U3), and the brake pedal opening is greater than the eighth opening (parameter B3), and the current braking cycle is in memory
  • condition d2 the current gear is in D , and AEB is activated, and the pre-collision duration is less than the first duration t1; the pre-collision duration is based on the distance and relative distance between the forward-looking obstacle and the vehicle. The speed is calculated. For example, the pre-collision duration is equal to the distance between the forward-looking obstacle and the vehicle divided by the relative speed.
  • the level of collision is divided into four levels to distinguish emergency situations that are about to collide, so as to effectively formulate the control logic after pre-collision confirmation, so as to ensure the voltage unloading duration under pre-collision. (Can be called unloading parameters) can be refined.
  • U1, U2, U3 and U4 should be kept as small as possible, and the value range is usually 0% to 2%;
  • B1, B2, B3 and B4 The value range of B1, B2, B3 and B4 is usually 2% to 5%. It depends on how large the brake pedal opening is under the idle stroke of the vehicle's brake pedal and accelerator pedal. The basis of the brake pedal opening under idle stroke It should be a little bigger;
  • A1, A2, A3 and A4 need real vehicle calibration, based on the driving deceleration experience.
  • A1 is 0.3
  • A2 is 0.4
  • A3 is 0.5
  • A4 is 0.25; the unit can be meters per square second.
  • V1, V2 and V3 The value range of V1, V2 and V3 is from 0 to 15; the unit can be meters per second.
  • the change rate db1 has a value of 300% change per second, and the change rate db2 has a value of 500% change per second;
  • the electrical components have an initial duration of unloading voltage; according to the pre-collision level, the duration of setting the unloading voltage of the vehicle's electrical components includes:
  • the duration of unloading voltage of electrical components is set to the shortest duration of unloading voltage of electrical components, and the shortest duration of unloading voltage of electrical components is less than half of the initial duration;
  • the pre-collision level is level three, set the duration of unloading voltage of electrical components to the shortest duration of unloading voltage of electrical components, shut down the heat pump control system, compressor control system, heater PTC control system, motor control system, DC/DC (DC/DC) control system and at least one of the collision pre-judgment modules used to determine the pre-collision level, control the motor to execute the active stability control system (active stability control, ASC) according to the maximum capacity, control the maximum coolant flow, and control the fan Maximum speed.
  • active stability control active stability control, ASC
  • the heat pump control system, compressor control system, heater PTC control system, motor control system, DC/DC control system and collision pre-judgment module can be turned off.
  • the heat pump control system, compressor control system, heater PTC control system, motor control system and collision pre-judgment module can be turned off.
  • This application can be executed by a parameter setting device, which includes: a collision pre-judgment module and a high-voltage parameter unloading processing module.
  • the collision pre-judgment module is used to determine the above-mentioned pre-collision level and send a signal of the pre-collision level to the high-voltage parameter unloading processing module.
  • the high voltage parameter unloading processing module is used for:
  • the control of each high-voltage electrical component is implemented according to the initial unloading parameters
  • each high-voltage electrical component When receiving the first-level pre-collision signal (first-level signal), each high-voltage electrical component adjusts the unloading parameters to half of the initial unloading parameters, including control command side parameters and execution side parameters.
  • the unloading time is shortened by half, and high-voltage energy management is based on the original demand execution;
  • each high-voltage electrical component When receiving the secondary pre-collision signal (secondary signal), each high-voltage electrical component adjusts the unloading parameters according to its fastest unloading capability, and high-voltage energy management is performed according to the original demand;
  • each high-voltage electrical component When receiving the third-level pre-collision signal (level three signal), each high-voltage electrical component adjusts the unloading parameters according to its fastest unloading capability.
  • the high-voltage energy management module requests to close the DC/DC (high-voltage DC and low-voltage DC conversion controller). ), the motor performs ASC according to the maximum capacity of the system and consumes excess energy through body heat. At the same time, the control system controls the maximum coolant flow and maximum fan speed.
  • the high-voltage energy management module is a control module for power enablement and power usage of high-voltage electrical components. In response to an imminent emergency pre-collision, it directly cuts off other electrical equipment except for low-voltage loads.
  • the unloading parameters of each high-voltage electrical component are adjusted according to its own fastest unloading capability, which refers to the fastest unloading capability that each high-voltage electrical component can achieve in the event of an imminent collision.
  • the fastest unloading capability is in the event of an imminent collision. The following is clear and unique.
  • the air conditioning thermal management system receives the pre-collision level and increases the coolant flow and fan speed according to the level to quickly achieve better cooling, increase the cooling capacity of the cooling circuit, and avoid motor overheating.
  • this application provides a control device for electrical components, including: a collision pre-judgment module and a high-voltage unloading parameter processing module;
  • the collision pre-judgment module is used to determine the pre-collision level of the vehicle based on the vehicle's operating parameters.
  • the pre-collision level is used to characterize the probability of an imminent collision of the vehicle;
  • the setting module is used to set the duration for which the electrical components of the vehicle unload voltage (that is, the duration for which the electrical components disconnect voltage) according to the pre-collision level.
  • the electrical component may be a high-voltage electrical component, and the setting module may be called a high-voltage unloading parameter processing module.
  • the operating voltage of the electrical component is greater than: the minimum voltage of one DC voltage and another DC voltage, and the DC/DC converter is used to convert one DC voltage to another DC voltage.
  • the operating parameters of the vehicle can come from the parameters of the interaction of various controllers in the vehicle.
  • the vehicle's pre-collision level can be judged based on the relevant parameters of the vehicle's various controller interactions.
  • a collision pre-judgment module used to obtain the parameters of multiple vehicle controllers when a collision is about to be triggered, and determine the pre-collision level of the vehicle that is about to collide based on the parameters;
  • the high-voltage unloading parameter processing module is used to adjust the unloading parameters of each high-voltage electrical component of the vehicle according to the pre-collision level.
  • the operating parameters of the vehicle include at least one of the following: vehicle speed, acceleration, gear position, accelerator pedal opening, brake pedal stroke, ABS activation status, AEB activation status, distance between the forward-looking obstacle and the vehicle, and the distance between the front-view obstacle and the vehicle.
  • vehicle speed acceleration, gear position, accelerator pedal opening, brake pedal stroke, ABS activation status, AEB activation status
  • distance between the forward-looking obstacle and the vehicle and the distance between the front-view obstacle and the vehicle.
  • the relative speed of the visual obstacle and the vehicle are examples of the following: vehicle speed, acceleration, gear position, accelerator pedal opening, brake pedal stroke, ABS activation status, AEB activation status, distance between the forward-looking obstacle and the vehicle, and the distance between the front-view obstacle and the vehicle.
  • ABS activation status ABS activation status
  • ABS activation status ABS activation status
  • ABS activation status ABS activation status
  • ABS activation status ABS activation status
  • ABS activation status ABS activation status
  • ABS activation status ABS activation status
  • ABS activation status ABS activ
  • the pre-collision level of the vehicle may be one of multiple levels; at different levels of the multiple levels, the duration of the unloading voltage is set to be different. In this way, different unloading voltage durations can be set for electrical components at different levels.
  • the multiple levels include: level zero, level one, level two and level three with successively higher levels.
  • the pre-collision level is any one of level zero, level one, level two and level three.
  • the multiple levels may not be these four levels.
  • Each of the multiple levels has corresponding conditions. When the conditions corresponding to any one of the multiple levels are met, that level is the pre-collision level.
  • condition a1 corresponding to zero level includes: no pre-collision greater than zero level is triggered, or the accelerator pedal opening is greater than the first opening (parameter U4), or the brake pedal opening is less than the second opening (parameter B4) , or the deceleration is less than the first deceleration (parameter A4);
  • condition b1 or b2 is met.
  • Condition b1 The current gear is in the forward (drive, D) gear, and the accelerator pedal opening is less than the third opening (parameter U1), and the brake pedal opening is greater than the fourth opening (parameter B1), and the deceleration is greater than the third opening. a deceleration (parameter A1), and the current vehicle speed is greater than the first vehicle speed (parameter V1).
  • Condition b2 ABS activated;
  • the conditions corresponding to the second level include: the current gear is in D position, and ABS is activated, and the accelerator pedal opening is less than the fifth opening (parameter U2), and the brake pedal opening is greater than the sixth opening (parameter B2 ), and in the current braking cycle, the brake pedal stroke change rate is greater than the first change rate (parameter db1), and the deceleration is greater than the second deceleration (parameter A2), and the current vehicle speed is greater than the second vehicle speed (parameter V2);
  • condition d1 or d2 are satisfied.
  • Condition d1 The current gear is in D, and ABS is activated, and the accelerator pedal opening is less than the seventh opening (parameter U3), and the brake pedal opening is greater than the eighth opening (parameter B3), and the current braking cycle is in memory
  • condition d2 the current gear is in D , and AEB is activated, and the pre-collision duration is less than the first duration t1; the pre-collision duration is calculated based on the distance and relative speed between the forward-looking obstacle and the vehicle. For example, the pre-collision duration is equal to the distance between the forward-looking obstacle and the vehicle divided by the relative speed.
  • the following parameters of the pre-collision level are calibrated through actual vehicle tests: U1, U2, U3, U4, A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4, V1, V2, V3, db1 and db2.
  • U1, U2, U3 and U4 should be kept as small as possible, and the value range is usually 0% to 2%;
  • B1, B2, B3 and B4 The value range of B1, B2, B3 and B4 is usually 2% to 5%. It depends on the idle stroke of the vehicle's brake pedal and accelerator pedal. Based on the idle stroke, it should be larger;
  • A1, A2, A3 and A4 require actual vehicle calibration, based on the driving deceleration experience. For example, A1 is 0.3, A2 is 0.4, A3 is 0.5, and A4 is 0.25;
  • V1, V2 and V3 range from 0 to 15;
  • the change rate db1 has a value of 300% change per second, and the change rate db2 has a value of 500% change per second;
  • the electrical components have an initial duration of unloading voltage;
  • the setting module is used to:
  • the duration of unloading voltage of electrical components is set to the shortest duration of unloading voltage of electrical components, and the shortest duration of unloading voltage of electrical components is less than half of the initial duration;
  • the pre-collision level is level three, set the duration of unloading voltage of electrical components to the shortest duration of unloading voltage of electrical components, shut down the heat pump control system, compressor control system, heater PTC control system, motor control system, DC/DC (DC/DC) control system and at least one of the collision pre-judgment modules used to determine the pre-collision level, control the motor to execute the active stability control system (active stability control, ASC) according to the maximum capacity, control the maximum coolant flow, and control the fan Maximum speed.
  • active stability control active stability control, ASC
  • the heat pump control system, compressor control system, heater PTC control system, motor control system, DC/DC control system and collision pre-judgment module can be turned off.
  • the heat pump control system, compressor control system, heater PTC control system, motor control system and collision pre-judgment module can be turned off.
  • the control of each high-voltage electrical component is implemented according to the initial unloading parameters (such as the above-mentioned initial duration);
  • each high-voltage electrical component adjusts the unloading parameters to half of the initial unloading parameters, including control command side parameters and execution side parameters.
  • the unloading time is shortened by half, and high-voltage energy management is based on the original requirements. implement;
  • each high-voltage electrical component adjusts the unloading parameters according to its fastest unloading capability, and high-voltage energy management is performed according to the original demand;
  • each high-voltage electrical component adjusts the unloading parameters according to its fastest unloading capability.
  • the high-voltage energy management module requests to shut down high-voltage electrical components except DC/DC, and the motor follows the system Execute ASC at the maximum capacity and consume excess energy through body heat. At the same time, the control system controls the maximum coolant flow and maximum fan speed.
  • This application is divided into two major modules, namely the collision pre-judgment module and the high-pressure unloading parameter processing module.
  • the collision pre-judgment module mainly integrates the relevant parameters of the interaction of each controller of the vehicle to determine the working conditions in which the vehicle is about to collide. In order to include various scenarios of complex driving by the driver, this application sets four levels in the collision pre-judgment module.
  • the pre-collision is zero-level pre-collision, first-level pre-collision, second-level pre-collision and third-level pre-collision. The higher the pre-collision level, the higher the probability of collision, and the stricter the corresponding high-pressure unloading parameter processing logic.
  • the schematic diagram of collision pre-judgment is shown in Figure 1.
  • the collision pre-judgment module obtains the vehicle speed and acceleration signals from the electronic stability control system (Electronic Stability Controller, ESC), and obtains the brake and brake pedal from the intelligent braking system (Integrated Power Brake, IPB).
  • the stroke signal obtains the current gear signal from the gear management system, the accelerator pedal opening signal from the throttle analysis system, and the distance and relative speed of the forward-looking vehicle/obstacle from the Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS).
  • ADAS Advanced Driver Assistance System
  • obtain the AEB activation status from the automatic braking system Autonomous Emergency Braking, AEB
  • ABS Anti-lock Braking System
  • the logic of the collision pre-judgment module is as follows:
  • the input signals of the collision pre-judgment module include vehicle speed, acceleration, gear position, accelerator pedal opening, brake pedal stroke, ABS activation status, AEB activation status, forward-looking obstacle/vehicle distance, relative speed and other signals.
  • the output signal of the collision pre-judgment module is the pre-collision level.
  • the collision pre-judgment system calculates the pre-collision duration based on the forward-looking vehicle/obstacle distance and relative speed input by the ADAS system.
  • Zero-level pre-collision When a pre-collision greater than level zero is not triggered, or if any of the following conditions are met, the pre-collision level is equal to zero-level pre-collision: the accelerator pedal opening is greater than U4, and the brake pedal is open The speed is smaller than B4, and the deceleration is smaller than A4.
  • Level 1 pre-collision The current gear is in D, the accelerator pedal opening is less than U1, the brake pedal opening is greater than B1, the deceleration is greater than A1.
  • the current vehicle speed is greater than V1; or ABS is activated;
  • Level 2 pre-collision The current gear is in D, ABS is activated, the accelerator pedal opening is less than U2, the brake pedal opening is greater than B2, the brake pedal stroke change rate is greater than db1 in the current braking cycle, the deceleration is greater than A2, the current vehicle speed Greater than V2;
  • Level 3 pre-collision The current gear is in D, ABS is activated, the accelerator pedal opening is less than U3, the brake pedal The plate opening is greater than B3, the brake pedal stroke change rate in the current braking cycle is greater than db2, the deceleration is greater than A3, and the current vehicle speed is greater than V3; or the current gear is in D, AEB is activated, and the pre-collision duration is less than t1;
  • the high-voltage parameter unloading processing module mainly processes the unloading parameters of each high-voltage electrical component.
  • the unloading parameter is the shutdown time of the high-voltage electrical component (also called the duration of voltage unloading of the electrical component).
  • the unloading time will be calibrated for a certain time, such as motor torque request MAP filtering (or graph filtering), PTC unloading step processing, smooth decrease of compressor speed, etc.
  • This processing module adjusts the unloading parameters (voltage unloading duration) of corresponding high-voltage electrical components according to different pre-collision levels to achieve rapid unloading. The adjustment of each component parameter must be within the scope of its own unloading capability.
  • the high-voltage parameter unloading processing is shown in Figure 2.
  • the high-voltage parameter unloading processing module adjusts parameters for the following high-voltage electrical components, including heat pump control system, compressor control system, heater (Positive Temperature Coefficient, PTC) control system, motor control system, DC /DC control system, and collision pre-judgment module.
  • the specific logic of high-voltage parameter unloading processing is as follows:
  • Each high-voltage electrical component needs to receive a pre-crash rating.
  • the high-voltage parameter unloading processing module receives the zero-level pre-collision signal, and the control of each high-voltage electrical component is implemented according to the initial unloading parameters.
  • the high-voltage parameter unloading processing module receives the first-level pre-collision signal, and each high-voltage electrical component adjusts the unloading parameters to half of the initial unloading parameters. Including the control command end and execution end, the unloading time is shortened by half, and high-voltage energy management is performed according to the original demand.
  • the high-voltage parameter unloading processing module receives the secondary pre-collision signal, and each high-voltage electrical component adjusts the unloading parameters according to its fastest unloading capability, and high-voltage energy management is performed according to the original demand.
  • the high-voltage parameter unloading processing module receives the third-level pre-collision signal. Each high-voltage electrical component adjusts the unloading parameters according to its fastest unloading capability.
  • the high-voltage energy management module requests to shut down high-voltage electrical components other than DC/DC.
  • the motor adjusts the unloading parameters according to the system's maximum Ability to execute ASC, consume excess energy through body heat, and at the same time, the control system controls the maximum coolant flow and maximum fan speed.
  • This application also provides a vehicle that controls the parameter setting device provided in the aforementioned embodiment.

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Abstract

一种参数设置方法，该方法能够在碰撞发生前通过解析车辆的运行参数，确定预碰撞等级，并根据预碰撞等级对用电部件卸载电压的时长进行设置，其中，预碰撞等级用于表征车辆即将发生碰撞的概率。该参数设置方法用于用电部件卸载电压的时长的设置。能够避免高压抛载或过快卸载导致的故障发生。还提供了一种实现该参数设置方法的装置。

Description

参数设置方法及装置
本申请要求于2022年08月31日提交的申请号为202211068601.7、发明名称为“一种基于碰撞预判断逻辑的高压卸载保护方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及一种参数设置方法及装置。
背景技术
随着新能源(如电能)汽车的快速发展，新能源汽车高压安全领域是当前各个整车厂关注的重点领域，其中碰撞的高压安全更是技术突破的关键方向。目前电动汽车高压平台的升高，电机和电池功率的增大，高速行车意外碰撞时的高压安全变的更为重要。
当前通用的碰撞高压安全保护主要为被动安全保护，主要措施为在车辆发生碰撞后，在一定时间内断开高压继电器，避免碰撞导致的高压线束裸露、短路等情况引发的安全问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种参数设置方法及装置。
第一方面，提供了一种参数设置方法，所述方法包括：
根据车辆的运行参数，确定所述车辆的预碰撞等级，所述预碰撞等级用于表征所述车辆即将发生碰撞的概率；
根据所述预碰撞等级，设置所述车辆的用电部件卸载电压的时长。
可选地，所述车辆的运行参数，包括以下至少一种：
车速、加速度、档位、油门踏板开度、制动踏板行程、防抱死制动系统ABS激活状态、自动制动系统AEB激活状态、前视障碍物与车辆的距离，以及前视障碍物与车辆的相对速度。
可选地，所述车辆的预碰撞等级为多种等级中的一种等级；在所述多种等级中的不同等级下，设置的所述卸载电压的时长不同。
可选地，所述多种等级包括：级别依次增高的零级、一级、二级和三级。
可选地，所述多种等级分别具有对应的条件，在所述多种等级中任一等级对应的条件满足时，所述任一等级为所述预碰撞等级；所述方法满足以下至少一种条件：
所述零级对应的条件包括：不满足所述多种等级中除所述零级之外的等级对应的条件、油门踏板开度大于第一开度、刹车踏板开度小于第二开度或减速度小于第一减速度；
所述一级对应的条件包括：当前档位在前进D档，油门踏板开度小于第三开度，刹车踏板开度大于第四开度，减速度大于第一减速度，且当前车速大于第一车速；或者，ABS激活；
所述二级对应的条件包括：当前档位在D档，ABS激活，油门踏板开度小于第五开度，刹车踏板开度大于第六开度，当前制动周期内存在刹车踏板行程变化率大于第一变化率，减速度大于第二减速度，且当前车速大于第二车速；
所述三级对应的条件为：当前档位在D档，ABS激活，油门踏板开度小于第七开度，刹车踏板开度大于第八开度，当前制动周期内存在刹车踏板行程变化率大于第二变化率，减速度大于第三减速度，且当前车速大于第三车速；或者，当前档位在D档，并且AEB激活，并且预碰撞时长小于第一时长；
其中，所述预碰撞时长依据前视障碍物与车辆的距离和相对速度的计算得出。
可选地，以下参数通过实车试验标定：
所述第三开度、所述第五开度、所述第三开度、第一开度、第一减速度、第二减速度、第三减速度、第一减速度、第四开度、第六开度、第八开度、第二开度、第一车速、第二车速、第三车速、第一变化率和第二变化率。
可选地，所述预碰撞时长等于前视障碍物与车辆的距离除以所述前视障碍物与车辆的相对速度。
可选地，所述用电部件具有卸载电压的初始时长；根据所述预碰撞等级，设置所述车辆的用电部件卸载电压的时长，包括：
在所述预碰撞等级为零级时，设置所述用电部件卸载电压的时长为所述初始时长；
在所述预碰撞等级为一级时，设置所述用电部件卸载电压的时长为所述初始时长的一半；
在所述预碰撞等级为二级时，设置所述用电部件卸载电压的时长为所述用电部件卸载电压的最短时长，所述用电部件卸载电压的最短时长小于所述初始时长的一半；
在所述预碰撞等级为三级时，设置所述用电部件卸载电压的时长为所述用电部件卸载电压的最短时长，关闭热泵控制系统、压缩机控制系统、加热器PTC控制系统、电机控制系统、直流/直流DC/DC控制系统和/或用于确定所述预碰撞等级的碰撞预判断模块，控制电机按照最大能力执行主动稳定控制系统ASC，控制冷却液流量最大，控制风扇转速最大。
可选地，所述车辆包括DC/DC转换器，所述DC/DC转换器用于将一种直流电压转换为另一种直流电压，所述用电部件的工作电压大于：所述一种直流电压和所述另一种直流电压中的最小电压。
第二方面，提供了一种参数设置装置，包括：碰撞预判断模块和卸载参数处理模块；
碰撞预判断模块，用于根据车辆的运行参数，确定所述车辆的预碰撞等级，所述预碰撞等级用于表征所述车辆即将发生碰撞的概率；
卸载参数处理模块，用于根据所述预碰撞等级，设置所述车辆的用电部件卸载电压的时长。
可选地，所述车辆的运行参数，包括以下至少一种：
车速、加速度、档位、油门踏板开度、制动踏板行程，ABS激活状态、AEB激活状态、前视障碍物与车辆的距离，以及前视障碍物与车辆的相对速度。
可选地，所述车辆的预碰撞等级为多种等级中的一种等级；在所述多种等级中的不同等级下，设置的所述卸载电压的时长不同。
可选地，所述多种等级包括：级别依次增高的零级、一级、二级和三级。
可选地，所述多种等级分别具有对应的条件，在所述多种等级中任一等级对应的条件满足时，所述任一等级为所述预碰撞等级；所述方法满足以下至少一种条件：
所述零级对应的条件包括：不满足所述多种等级中除所述零级之外的等级对应的条件、油门踏板开度大于第一开度、刹车踏板开度小于第二开度或减速度小于第一减速度；
所述一级对应的条件包括：当前档位在前进D档，油门踏板开度小于第三开度，刹车踏板开度大于第四开度，减速度大于第一减速度，且当前车速大于第一车速；或者，ABS激活；
所述二级对应的条件包括：当前档位在D档，ABS激活，油门踏板开度小于第五开度，刹车踏板开度大于第六开度，当前制动周期内存在刹车踏板行程变化率大于第一变化率，减速度大于第二减速度，且当前车速大于第二车速；
所述三级对应的条件为：当前档位在D档，ABS激活，油门踏板开度小于第七开度，刹车踏板开度大于第八开度，当前制动周期内存在刹车踏板行程变化率大于第二变化率，减速度大于第三减速度，且当前车速大于第三车速；或者，当前档位在D档，并且AEB激活，并且预碰撞时长小于第一时长；
其中，所述预碰撞时长依据前视障碍物与车辆的距离和相对速度的计算得出。
可选地，以下参数通过实车试验标定：
所述第三开度、所述第五开度、所述第三开度、第一开度、第一减速度、第二减速度、第三减速度、第一减速度、第四开度、第六开度、第八开度、第二开度、第一车速、第二车速、第三车速、第一变化率和第二变化率。
可选地，所述预碰撞时长等于前视障碍物与车辆的距离除以所述前视障碍物与车辆的相对速度。
可选地，所述用电部件具有卸载电压的初始时长；所述卸载参数处理模块，用于：
在所述预碰撞等级为零级时，设置所述用电部件卸载电压的时长为所述初始时长；
在所述预碰撞等级为一级时，设置所述用电部件卸载电压的时长为所述初始时长的一半；
在所述预碰撞等级为二级时，设置所述用电部件卸载电压的时长为所述用电部件卸载电压的最短时长，所述用电部件卸载电压的最短时长小于所述初始时长的一半；
在所述预碰撞等级为三级时，设置所述用电部件卸载电压的时长为所述用电部件卸载电压的最短时长，关闭热泵控制系统、压缩机控制系统、加热器PTC控制系统、电机控制系统、直流/直流DC/DC控制系统和/或用于确定所述预碰撞等级的碰撞预判断模块，控制电机按照最大能力执行主动稳定控制系统ASC，控制冷却液流量最大，控制风扇转速最大。
第三方面，提供了一种车辆，包括第二方面中任一设计所述的参数设置装置。
附图说明
图1示出了本申请实施例碰撞预判断示意图。
图2示出了本申请实施例高压参数卸载处理示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的原理、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地说明，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
相关技术中，碰撞高压安全保护主要为被动安全保护，主要措施为在车辆发生碰撞后，在一定时间内断开高压继电器。
一种技术是在继电器驱动电源端或高压线束端增加一个断电开关，断电开关由气囊控制器电流直接驱动。当碰撞发生后，气囊控制器产生电流，电流作用在断电开关上，断电开关能在30毫秒(ms)或更短时间内切断高压继电器或高压线束。
另一种技术还停留在气囊控制器发送脉宽调制(Pulse Width Modulation，PWM)信号或控制器局域网络(Controller Area Network，CAN)信号给整车控制器或电池管理系统。由电池管理系统对该PWM信号或CAN信号进行判断后，再切断开关。这种方案切断继电器的时间稍长一点，但也能将该时间控制在100ms以内。
然而，碰撞高压被动安全保护的关键在于碰撞发生后断开高压的时长，时长越短，安全性越高，起火、漏电的概率越低。并且，不同碰撞工况下所需的断开高压的时长不同。但是相关技术中，无法根据碰撞工况的不同，实现不同的断开高压的时长。并且，上述两种技术在断开继电器时，继电器端可能带有较大的电流负载，这种情况下断开继电器或高压线时，存在继电器出现粘连或断电火花的情况，存在较大的安全隐患。
基于此，本申请提出了一种参数设置方法及装置。本申请在碰撞发生前，根据碰撞工况的不同，配置不同的断开高压的时长，从而在不同的最短时间内降低高压负载，从而整体上增强碰撞高压断电的安全性。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种用电部件的控制方法，所述方法包括：
根据车辆的运行参数，确定车辆的预碰撞等级，该预碰撞等级用于表征车辆即将发生碰撞的概率；之后，根据预碰撞等级，设置车辆的用电部件卸载电压的时长(也即用电部件断开电压的时长)。
该用电部件可以是高压用电部件。比如，用电部件的工作电压大于：一种直流电压和另一种直流电压中的最小电压，DC/DC转换器用于将一种直流电压转换为另一种直流电压。
该用电部件也可以不是高压用电部件，本申请对此不作限定。
车辆的运行参数可以来自车辆中各个控制器交互的参数。可以根据车辆各个控制器交互的相关参数判断车辆的预碰撞等级。
实施时，获取即将触发碰撞时的车辆的运行参数，通过参数识别碰撞的可能性，划分不同的预碰撞等级，预先干预并调整卸载时长，有效避免高压带载切断的概率，增强高压安全性。
针对每个部件卸载时间都是可调整的，比如空调使用的高压压缩机，出厂时卸载电压的时长如果设置为1秒(s)，压缩机本身最好的卸载表现能力(压缩机卸载电压的最短时长)是0.2秒。那么根据预碰撞的等级不同，一级预碰撞时，卸载时间就变为0.5秒，二级预碰撞时，卸载时间就变为0.2秒。把预碰撞状态分级，并依级别设置卸载电压的时长(比如卸载时间随着预碰撞等级的升高而降低)，能够在整体上降低卸载电压的时长的同时，考虑到用电部件自身的卸载能力，避免高压抛载或过快卸载导致的故障发生。
本申请中，所述车辆的运行参数，包括以下至少一种：车速，加速度，档位，油门踏板开度，制动踏板行程，防抱死制动系统(antilock brake system，ABS)激活状态，自动制动系统(autonomous emergency braking，AEB)激活状态，前视障碍物与车辆距离，以及前视障碍物与车辆的相对速度。车辆的运行参数还可以包括除这些参数之外的其他参数。
本申请中，所述车辆的预碰撞等级可以为多种等级中的一种等级；在所述多种等级中的不同等级下，设置的所述卸载电压的时长不同。这样一来，便可以实现在不同等级下，为用电部件设置不同的卸载电压的时长。
示例地，多种等级包括：级别依次增高的零级、一级、二级和三级。所述预碰撞等级为零级、一级、二级和三级中的任一等级。当然，该多种等级也可以不是这四种等级。
多种等级分别具有对应的条件，在多种等级中任一等级对应的条件满足时，该任一等级为预碰撞等级。
可选地，零级对应的条件a1包括:未触发大于零级的预碰撞，或油门踏板开度大于第一开度(参数U4)，或刹车踏板开度小于第二开度(参数B4)，或减速度小于第一减速度(参数A4)；
可选地，一级对应的条件包括：条件b1或b2满足。条件b1:当前档位在前进(drive，D)档，并且油门踏板开度小于第三开度(参数U1)，并且刹车踏板开度大于第四开度(参数B1)，并且减速度大于第一减速度(参数A1)，并且当前车速大于第一车速(参数V1)。条件b2：ABS激活；
可选地，二级对应的条件包括：当前档位在D档，并且ABS激活，并且油门踏板开度小于第五开度(参数U2)，并且刹车踏板开度大于第六开度(参数B2)，并且当前制动周期内存在刹车踏板行程变化率大于第一变化率(参数db1)，并且减速度大于第二减速度(参数A2)，并且当前车速大于第二车速(参数V2)；
可选地，三级对应的条件包括：条件d1或d2满足。条件d1：当前档位在D档，并且ABS激活，并且油门踏板开度小于第七开度(参数U3)，并且刹车踏板开度大于第八开度(参数B3)，并且当前制动周期内存在刹车踏板行程变化率大于第二变化率(参数db2)，并且减速度大于第三减速度(参数A3)，并且当前车速大于第三车速(参数V3)；条件d2：当前档位在D档，并且AEB激活，并且预碰撞时长小于第一时长t1；预碰撞时长依据前视障碍物与车辆的距离和相对 速度的计算得出。比如，预碰撞时长等于前视障碍物与车辆的距离除以相对速度。
实施时，在碰撞发生前通过解析车辆的运行参数，将要碰撞的等级分为四级，区分将要碰撞的紧急状况，便于有效的制定预碰撞确认后的控制逻辑，使预碰撞下的电压卸载时长(可以称为卸载参数)可以精细化处理。
可选地，本申请中，以下参数通过实车试验标定：U1、U2、U3、U4、A1、A2、A3、A4、B1、B2、B3、B4、V1、V2、V3、db1和db2。
实施时，U1、U2、U3和U4尽量小，取值范围通常为0％到2％；
B1、B2、B3和B4取值范围通常为2％到5％，需要看车辆制动踏板和加速踏板的空行程下的刹车踏板开度有多大，在空行程下的刹车踏板开度的基础上适当大一点；
A1、A2、A3和A4需要实车标定，依据驾驶的减速感受，举例来说，A1为0.3，A2为0.4，A3为0.5，A4为0.25；单位可以是米每平方秒。
V1、V2和V3取值范围为0到15范围内；单位可以是米每秒。
举例来说，变化率db1取值为每秒变化300％，db2取值为每秒变化500％；
实际上以上的参数除了踏板开度参考空行程，其他都需要实车驾驶去标定，而且是极限驾驶的标定，所以这些参数最好的标定方法是通过驾驶仿真分析结合实车表现。每一种车型对应的参数会有一定些许差距。
本申请中，用电部件具有卸载电压的初始时长；根据预碰撞等级，设置车辆的用电部件卸载电压的时长包括：
在预碰撞等级为零级时，设置用电部件卸载电压的时长为初始时长；
在预碰撞等级为一级时，设置用电部件卸载电压的时长为初始时长的一半；
在预碰撞等级为二级时，设置用电部件卸载电压的时长为用电部件卸载电压的最短时长，用电部件卸载电压的最短时长小于初始时长的一半；
在预碰撞等级为三级时，设置用电部件卸载电压的时长为用电部件卸载电压的最短时长，关闭热泵控制系统、压缩机控制系统、加热器PTC控制系统、电机控制系统、直流/直流(DC/DC)控制系统以及用于确定预碰撞等级的碰撞预判断模块中的至少一个，控制电机按照最大能力执行主动稳定控制系统(active stability control，ASC)，控制冷却液流量最大，控制风扇转速最大。
可选地，在预碰撞等级为三级时，可以关闭热泵控制系统、压缩机控制系统、加热器PTC控制系统、电机控制系统、DC/DC控制系统以及碰撞预判断模块。或者，在预碰撞等级为三级时，可以关闭热泵控制系统、压缩机控制系统、加热器PTC控制系统、电机控制系统以及碰撞预判断模块。
本申请可以由参数设置装置执行，该参数设置装置包括：碰撞预判断模块和高压参数卸载处理模块。碰撞预判断模块用于确定上述预碰撞等级，并向高压参数卸载处理模块发送该预碰撞等级的信号。高压参数卸载处理模块用于：
收到零级预碰撞信号(零级的信号)时，各高压用电部件控制按照初始卸载参数实施；
收到一级预碰撞信号(一级的信号)时，各高压用电部件调整卸载参数为初始卸载参数的一半，包括控制指令端参数和执行端参数，卸载时间缩短一半，高压能量管理按照原需求执行；
收到二级预碰撞信号(二级的信号)时，各高压用电部件调整卸载参数按照自己最快卸载能力执行，高压能量管理按照原需求执行；
收到三级预碰撞信号(三级的信号)时，各高压用电部件调整卸载参数按照自己最快卸载能力执行，高压能量管理模块请求关闭除DC/DC(高压直流与低压直流变换控制器)以外的高压用电部件，电机按照系统最大能力执行ASC，通过本体发热消耗多余能量，同时控制系统控制冷却液流量最大，风扇转速最大。
实施时，高压能量管理模块为对高压用电部件的功率使能和功率大小使用的控制模块，针对将要紧急的预碰撞，直接切断除供低压负载使用的其他用电设备。
各高压用电部件调整卸载参数按照自己最快卸载能力执行，是指在即将碰撞的情况下，各高压用电部件所能达到的最快卸载能力，所述最快卸载能力在即将碰撞的情况下是明确的且唯一的。
在降低卸载时间的同时，考虑到用电部件自身的卸载能力，避免高压抛载或过快卸载导致的故障发生。
在碰撞预判断后汽车制动减速，发动机转子切割磁场线产生反向电流引起电机反电动势。此部分电流需要电机内部自己通过内阻发热使用掉。本申请中 空调热管理系统接收预碰撞等级，按照等级加大冷却液流量和风扇转速从而快速实现更好的冷却，增大了冷却回路的冷却能力，避免了电机过热。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种用电部件的控制装置，包括：碰撞预判断模块和高压卸载参数处理模块；
碰撞预判断模块，用于根据车辆的运行参数，确定车辆的预碰撞等级，该预碰撞等级用于表征车辆即将发生碰撞的概率；
设置模块，用于根据预碰撞等级，设置车辆的用电部件卸载电压的时长(也即用电部件断开电压的时长)。
该用电部件可以是高压用电部件，设置模块可以称为高压卸载参数处理模块。比如，用电部件的工作电压大于：一种直流电压和另一种直流电压中的最小电压，DC/DC转换器用于将一种直流电压转换为另一种直流电压。
车辆的运行参数可以来自车辆中各个控制器交互的参数。可以根据车辆各个控制器交互的相关参数判断车辆的预碰撞等级。
碰撞预判断模块，用于获取即将触发碰撞时的多个车辆控制器的参数，并根据所述参数判断车辆将要发生碰撞的预碰撞等级；
高压卸载参数处理模块，用于根据预碰撞等级调整车辆的各个高压用电部件的卸载参数。
本申请中，车辆的运行参数，包括以下至少一种：车速、加速度、档位、油门踏板开度、制动踏板行程，ABS激活状态、AEB激活状态、前视障碍物与车辆距离，以及前视障碍物与车辆的相对速度。
本申请中，所述车辆的预碰撞等级可以为多种等级中的一种等级；在所述多种等级中的不同等级下，设置的所述卸载电压的时长不同。这样一来，便可以实现在不同等级下，为用电部件设置不同的卸载电压的时长。
示例地，多种等级包括：级别依次增高的零级、一级、二级和三级。所述预碰撞等级为零级、一级、二级和三级中的任一等级。当然，该多种等级也可以不是这四种等级。
多种等级分别具有对应的条件，在多种等级中任一等级对应的条件满足时，该任一等级为预碰撞等级。
可选地，零级对应的条件a1包括:未触发大于零级的预碰撞，或油门踏板开度大于第一开度(参数U4)，或刹车踏板开度小于第二开度(参数B4)，或减速度小于第一减速度(参数A4)；
可选地，一级对应的条件包括：条件b1或b2满足。条件b1:当前档位在前进(drive，D)档，并且油门踏板开度小于第三开度(参数U1)，并且刹车踏板开度大于第四开度(参数B1)，并且减速度大于第一减速度(参数A1)，并且当前车速大于第一车速(参数V1)。条件b2：ABS激活；
可选地，二级对应的条件包括：当前档位在D档，并且ABS激活，并且油门踏板开度小于第五开度(参数U2)，并且刹车踏板开度大于第六开度(参数B2)，并且当前制动周期内存在刹车踏板行程变化率大于第一变化率(参数db1)，并且减速度大于第二减速度(参数A2)，并且当前车速大于第二车速(参数V2)；
可选地，三级对应的条件包括：条件d1或d2满足。条件d1：当前档位在D档，并且ABS激活，并且油门踏板开度小于第七开度(参数U3)，并且刹车踏板开度大于第八开度(参数B3)，并且当前制动周期内存在刹车踏板行程变化率大于第二变化率(参数db2)，并且减速度大于第三减速度(参数A3)，并且当前车速大于第三车速(参数V3)；条件d2：当前档位在D档，并且AEB激活，并且预碰撞时长小于第一时长t1；预碰撞时长依据前视障碍物与车辆的距离和相对速度的计算得出。比如，预碰撞时长等于前视障碍物与车辆的距离除以相对速度。
可选地，本申请中，所述预碰撞等级的以下参数通过实车试验标定：U1、U2、U3、U4、A1、A2、A3、A4、B1、B2、B3、B4、V1、V2、V3、db1和db2。
实施时，U1、U2、U3和U4尽量小，取值范围通常为0％到2％；
B1、B2、B3和B4取值范围通常为2％到5％，具体需要看车辆制动踏板和加速踏板的空行程有多大，在空行程的基础上适当大一点；
A1、A2、A3和A4需要实车标定，依据驾驶的减速感受，举例来说，A1为0.3，A2为0.4，A3为0.5，A4为0.25；
V1、V2和V3取值范围为0到15范围内；
举例来说，变化率db1取值为每秒变化300％，db2取值为每秒变化500％；
实际上以上的参数除了踏板开度参考空行程，其他都需要实车驾驶去标定，而且是极限驾驶的标定，所以这些参数最好的标定方法是通过驾驶仿真分析结合实车表现。每一种车型对应的参数会有一定些许差距。
本申请中，用电部件具有卸载电压的初始时长；设置模块用于：
在预碰撞等级为零级时，设置用电部件卸载电压的时长为初始时长；
在预碰撞等级为一级时，设置用电部件卸载电压的时长为初始时长的一半；
在预碰撞等级为二级时，设置用电部件卸载电压的时长为用电部件卸载电压的最短时长，用电部件卸载电压的最短时长小于初始时长的一半；
在预碰撞等级为三级时，设置用电部件卸载电压的时长为用电部件卸载电压的最短时长，关闭热泵控制系统、压缩机控制系统、加热器PTC控制系统、电机控制系统、直流/直流(DC/DC)控制系统以及用于确定预碰撞等级的碰撞预判断模块中的至少一个，控制电机按照最大能力执行主动稳定控制系统(active stability control，ASC)，控制冷却液流量最大，控制风扇转速最大。
可选地，在预碰撞等级为三级时，可以关闭热泵控制系统、压缩机控制系统、加热器PTC控制系统、电机控制系统、DC/DC控制系统以及碰撞预判断模块。或者，在预碰撞等级为三级时，可以关闭热泵控制系统、压缩机控制系统、加热器PTC控制系统、电机控制系统以及碰撞预判断模块。
本申请中，高压卸载参数处理模块收到零级预碰撞信号时，各高压用电部件控制按照初始卸载参数(如上述初始时长)实施；
高压卸载参数处理模块收到一级预碰撞信号时，各高压用电部件调整卸载参数为初始卸载参数的一半，包括控制指令端参数和执行端参数，卸载时间缩短一半，高压能量管理按照原需求执行；
高压卸载参数处理模块收到二级预碰撞信号时，各高压用电部件调整卸载参数按照自己最快卸载能力执行，高压能量管理按照原需求执行；
高压卸载参数处理模块收到三级预碰撞信号时，各高压用电部件调整卸载参数按照自己最快卸载能力执行，高压能量管理模块请求关闭除DC/DC以外的高压用电部件，电机按照系统最大能力执行ASC，通过本体发热消耗多余能量，同时控制系统控制冷却液流量最大，风扇转速最大。
为使本领域的技术人员能更好的理解本申请，结合附图对本申请的原理阐述如下：
本申请分为两大模块，分别为碰撞预判断模块和高压卸载参数处理模块。
碰撞预判断模块主要是综合整车各个控制器交互的相关参数，判断出车辆将要发生碰撞的工况，为包含驾驶员复杂驾驶的各种场景，本申请在碰撞预判断模块中设置四种级别的预碰撞，分别为零级预碰撞，一级预碰撞，二级预碰撞和三级预碰撞，预碰撞等级越高，发生碰撞的概率越高，相应的高压卸载参数处理逻辑越严格。
碰撞预判断示意图如图1所示，碰撞预判断模块，分别从电子稳定控制系统(Electronic Stability Controller，ESC)获得车速和加速度信号，从智能刹车系统(Integrated Power Brake，IPB)获得刹车和刹车踏板行程信号，从档位管理系统获得当前档位信号，从油门解析系统获得油门踏板开度信号，从高级驾驶辅助系统(Advanced Driver Assistance System，ADAS)获得前视车辆/障碍物的距离和相对速度，从自动制动系统(Autonomous Emergency Braking，AEB)获得AEB激活状态，从防抱死制动系统(Anti－lockBrakingSystem，ABS)获得ABS激活状态。
碰撞预判断模块的逻辑如下：
碰撞预判断模块输入信号有车速、加速度、档位、油门踏板开度、制动踏板行程，ABS激活状态、AEB激活状态、前视障碍物/车辆距离，相对速度等信号。
碰撞预判断模块输出信号为预碰撞等级。
碰撞预判断系统依据ADAS系统输入的前视车辆/障碍物距离和相对速度，计算预碰撞时长。
零级预碰撞：未触发大于零级的预碰撞，或当前处于大于零级的预碰撞时，以下任一条件满足，则预碰撞等级等于零级预碰撞：油门踏板开度大于U4，刹车踏板开度小于B4，减速度小于A4。
一级预碰撞：当前档位在D档，油门踏板开度小于U1，刹车踏板开度大于B1,减速度大于A1.当前车速大于V1；或ABS激活；
二级预碰撞：当前档位在D档，ABS激活，油门踏板开度小于U2，刹车踏板开度大于B2,当前制动周期内存在刹车踏板行程变化率大于db1，减速度大于A2，当前车速大于V2；
三级预碰撞：当前档位在D档，ABS激活，油门踏板开度小于U3，刹车踏 板开度大于B3,当前制动周期内存在刹车踏板行程变化率大于db2，减速度大于A3，当前车速大于V3；或当前档位在D档，AEB激活，预碰撞时长小于t1；
以上参数均可通过实车试验标定。
高压参数卸载处理模块主要为处理各个高压用电部件的卸载参数，卸载参数即高压用电部件的关断时间(也称用电部件卸载电压的时长)。在最初的程序设计中，为满足驾驶性和控制的平顺性，卸载时间都会标定一定时间，如电机扭矩请求MAP滤波(或称图滤波)，PTC卸载阶梯处理，压缩机转速平顺下降等。本处理模块依照预碰撞的等级不同，调整对应高压用电部件的卸载参数(电压卸载时长)，以达到快速卸载。各部件参数的调整必须在自己的卸载能力范围内。
高压参数卸载处理如图2所示，高压参数卸载处理模块分别对以下高压用电部件调整参数，包括热泵控制系统、压缩机控制系统、加热器(PositiveTemperatureCoefficient，PTC)控制系统、电机控制系统、DC/DC控制系统，以及碰撞预判断模块。高压参数卸载处理具体逻辑如下：
各个高压用电部件需要接收预碰撞等级。
高压参数卸载处理模块收到零级预碰撞信号，各高压用电部件控制按照初始卸载参数实施。
高压参数卸载处理模块收到一级预碰撞信号，各高压用电部件调整卸载参数为初始卸载参数的一半。包括控制指令端和执行端，卸载时间缩短一半，高压能量管理按照原需求执行。
高压参数卸载处理模块收到二级预碰撞信号，各高压用电部件调整卸载参数按照自己最快卸载能力执行，高压能量管理按照原需求执行。
高压参数卸载处理模块收到三级预碰撞信号，各高压用电部件调整卸载参数按照自己最快卸载能力执行，高压能量管理模块请求关闭除DC/DC以外的高压用电部件，电机按照系统最大能力执行ASC，通过本体发热消耗多余能量，同时控制系统控制冷却液流量最大，风扇转速最大。
本申请还提供了一种车辆，该车辆把控前述实施例提供的参数设置装置。
尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种参数设置方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    根据车辆的运行参数，确定所述车辆的预碰撞等级，所述预碰撞等级用于表征所述车辆即将发生碰撞的概率；
    根据所述预碰撞等级，设置所述车辆的用电部件卸载电压的时长。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述车辆的运行参数，包括以下至少一种：
    车速、加速度、档位、油门踏板开度、制动踏板行程、防抱死制动系统ABS激活状态、自动制动系统AEB激活状态、前视障碍物与车辆的距离，以及前视障碍物与车辆的相对速度。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述车辆的预碰撞等级为多种等级中的一种等级；在所述多种等级中的不同等级下，设置的所述卸载电压的时长不同。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多种等级包括：级别依次增高的零级、一级、二级和三级。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多种等级分别具有对应的条件，在所述多种等级中任一等级对应的条件满足时，所述任一等级为所述预碰撞等级；所述方法满足以下至少一种条件：
    所述零级对应的条件包括：不满足所述多种等级中除所述零级之外的等级对应的条件、油门踏板开度大于第一开度、刹车踏板开度小于第二开度或减速度小于第一减速度；
    所述一级对应的条件包括：当前档位在前进D档，油门踏板开度小于第三开度，刹车踏板开度大于第四开度，减速度大于第一减速度，且当前车速大于第一车速；或者，ABS激活；
    所述二级对应的条件包括：当前档位在D档，ABS激活，油门踏板开度小于第五开度，刹车踏板开度大于第六开度，当前制动周期内存在刹车踏板行程变化率大于第一变化率，减速度大于第二减速度，且当前车速大于第二车速；
    所述三级对应的条件为：当前档位在D档，ABS激活，油门踏板开度小于第七开度，刹车踏板开度大于第八开度，当前制动周期内存在刹车踏板行程变化率大于第二变化率，减速度大于第三减速度，且当前车速大于第三车速；或者，当前档位在D档，并且AEB激活，并且预碰撞时长小于第一时长；
    其中，所述预碰撞时长依据前视障碍物与车辆的距离和相对速度的计算得出。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，以下参数通过实车试验标定：
    所述第三开度、所述第五开度、所述第三开度、第一开度、第一减速度、第二减速度、第三减速度、第一减速度、第四开度、第六开度、第八开度、第二开度、第一车速、第二车速、第三车速、第一变化率和第二变化率。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述预碰撞时长等于前视障碍物与车辆的距离除以所述前视障碍物与车辆的相对速度。
  8. 根据权利要求4-7中任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用电部件具有卸载电压的初始时长；根据所述预碰撞等级，设置所述车辆的用电部件卸载电压的时长，包括：
    在所述预碰撞等级为零级时，设置所述用电部件卸载电压的时长为所述初始时长；
    在所述预碰撞等级为一级时，设置所述用电部件卸载电压的时长为所述初始时长的一半；
    在所述预碰撞等级为二级时，设置所述用电部件卸载电压的时长为所述用电部件卸载电压的最短时长，所述用电部件卸载电压的最短时长小于所述初始时长的一半；
    在所述预碰撞等级为三级时，设置所述用电部件卸载电压的时长为所述用电部件卸载电压的最短时长，关闭热泵控制系统、压缩机控制系统、加热器PTC 控制系统、电机控制系统、直流/直流DC/DC控制系统和/或用于确定所述预碰撞等级的碰撞预判断模块，控制电机按照最大能力执行主动稳定控制系统ASC，控制冷却液流量最大，控制风扇转速最大。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述车辆包括DC/DC转换器，所述DC/DC转换器用于将一种直流电压转换为另一种直流电压，所述用电部件的工作电压大于：所述一种直流电压和所述另一种直流电压中的最小电压。
  10. 一种参数设置装置，其特征在于，包括：碰撞预判断模块和卸载参数处理模块；
    碰撞预判断模块，用于根据车辆的运行参数，确定所述车辆的预碰撞等级，所述预碰撞等级用于表征所述车辆即将发生碰撞的概率；
    设置模块，用于根据所述预碰撞等级，设置所述车辆的用电部件卸载电压的时长。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的参数设置装置，其特征在于，所述车辆的运行参数，包括以下至少一种：
    车速、加速度、档位、油门踏板开度、制动踏板行程，ABS激活状态、AEB激活状态、前视障碍物与车辆的距离，以及前视障碍物与车辆的相对速度。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的参数设置装置，其特征在于，所述车辆的预碰撞等级为多种等级中的一种等级；在所述多种等级中的不同等级下，设置的所述卸载电压的时长不同。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的参数设置装置，其特征在于，所述多种等级包括：级别依次增高的零级、一级、二级和三级。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的参数设置装置，其特征在于，所述多种等级分别具有对应的条件，在所述多种等级中任一等级对应的条件满足时，所述任一等级为所述预碰撞等级；所述参数设置装置满足以下至少一种条件：
    所述零级对应的条件包括：不满足所述多种等级中除所述零级之外的等级对应的条件、油门踏板开度大于第一开度、刹车踏板开度小于第二开度或减速度小于第一减速度；
    所述一级对应的条件包括：当前档位在前进D档，油门踏板开度小于第三开度，刹车踏板开度大于第四开度，减速度大于第一减速度，且当前车速大于第一车速；或者，ABS激活；
    所述二级对应的条件包括：当前档位在D档，ABS激活，油门踏板开度小于第五开度，刹车踏板开度大于第六开度，当前制动周期内存在刹车踏板行程变化率大于第一变化率，减速度大于第二减速度，且当前车速大于第二车速；
    所述三级对应的条件为：当前档位在D档，ABS激活，油门踏板开度小于第七开度，刹车踏板开度大于第八开度，当前制动周期内存在刹车踏板行程变化率大于第二变化率，减速度大于第三减速度，且当前车速大于第三车速；或者，当前档位在D档，并且AEB激活，并且预碰撞时长小于第一时长；
    其中，所述预碰撞时长依据前视障碍物与车辆的距离和相对速度的计算得出。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的参数设置装置，其特征在于，以下参数通过实车试验标定：
    所述第三开度、所述第五开度、所述第三开度、第一开度、第一减速度、第二减速度、第三减速度、第一减速度、第四开度、第六开度、第八开度、第二开度、第一车速、第二车速、第三车速、第一变化率和第二变化率。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的参数设置装置，所述预碰撞时长等于前视障碍物与车辆的距离除以所述前视障碍物与车辆的相对速度。
  17. 根据权利要求13-16中任意一项所述的参数设置装置，其特征在于，所述用电部件具有卸载电压的初始时长；所述设置模块，用于：
    在所述预碰撞等级为零级时，设置所述用电部件卸载电压的时长为所述初始时长；
    在所述预碰撞等级为一级时，设置所述用电部件卸载电压的时长为所述初始时长的一半；
    在所述预碰撞等级为二级时，设置所述用电部件卸载电压的时长为所述用电部件卸载电压的最短时长，所述用电部件卸载电压的最短时长小于所述初始时长的一半；
    在所述预碰撞等级为三级时，设置所述用电部件卸载电压的时长为所述用电部件卸载电压的最短时长，关闭热泵控制系统、压缩机控制系统、加热器PTC控制系统、电机控制系统、直流/直流DC/DC控制系统和/或用于确定所述预碰撞等级的碰撞预判断模块，控制电机按照最大能力执行主动稳定控制系统ASC，控制冷却液流量最大，控制风扇转速最大。
  18. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至17任一所述的参数设置装置。
PCT/CN2023/115683 2022-08-31 2023-08-30 参数设置方法及装置 WO2024046343A1 (zh)

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