WO2024040653A1 - Method for determining variation trend of vibration source, device, and storage medium - Google Patents
Method for determining variation trend of vibration source, device, and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for determining a variation trend of a vibration source, a device, and a storage medium, mainly applied to a distributed optical fiber sensing system. The method comprises: acquiring a sensing result of a distributed optical fiber sensing system, so as to obtain response distribution information; then obtaining vibration source distance feature values according to the response distribution information; finally determining variations of the plurality of vibration source distance feature values, so as to perform analysis to obtain a variation trend of the vibration source. Compared with the prior art, the present invention realizes the determination of the variation trend of the vibration source and widens practical applications of the distributed optical fiber sensing system; in addition, the determination method is simple and easy to operate and has high precision and good practicability.
Description
本发明涉及分布式光纤振动传感技术领域，尤其涉及一种振动源变化趋势判断方法、设备及存储介质。The invention relates to the technical field of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing, and in particular to a vibration source change trend judgment method, equipment and storage medium.
分布式光纤振动传感器是近几十年来发展的一种用于实时测量空间振动信息分布的光纤传感系统，φ-OTDR分布式光纤振动传感器系统便是其中一种，其系统利用瑞利散射信号，根据OTDR原理可以计算出扰动位置。近年来，该系统在管道检测、安防检测等方面得到了广泛关注。在长输管道中，分布式光纤振动传感系统利用同沟敷设光缆作为伴随传感介质，感知管道沿线的振动信息，对管道沿线入侵事件进行智能识别，实现对管道的实时监测、定位、预警和报警。Distributed optical fiber vibration sensor is an optical fiber sensing system developed in recent decades for real-time measurement of spatial vibration information distribution. The φ-OTDR distributed optical fiber vibration sensor system is one of them. The system uses Rayleigh scattering signals , the disturbance position can be calculated based on the OTDR principle. In recent years, this system has received widespread attention in pipeline inspection, security inspection and other aspects. In long-distance pipelines, the distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system uses optical cables laid in the same trench as accompanying sensing media to sense vibration information along the pipeline, intelligently identify intrusion events along the pipeline, and achieve real-time monitoring, positioning, and early warning of the pipeline. and call the police.
经过几十年的发展，上述技术虽然已经较为成熟，但仍有一些缺陷。例如，中国发明专利CN103954349B提供了一种分布式光纤振动传感系统的侧向定位方法。该方法是最基本的定位原理，但是需要知道准确的振动波在土壤中的传播速度，但是不同的土壤(土质，含水量等)中振动波传感速度不同。专利CN 103292889 B一种分布式光纤振动传感器振源定位方法。该方法数据量很大，对实时处理要求较高。After decades of development, although the above technologies have become relatively mature, they still have some shortcomings. For example, Chinese invention patent CN103954349B provides a lateral positioning method for a distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system. This method is the most basic positioning principle, but it requires knowing the accurate propagation speed of vibration waves in the soil. However, the vibration wave sensing speeds in different soils (soil quality, moisture content, etc.) are different. Patent CN 103292889 B A vibration source positioning method for distributed optical fiber vibration sensors. This method has a large amount of data and requires high real-time processing.
目前主流的分布式光纤振动传感器共同具有一个缺陷，即其只有光纤轴向定位功能，无法判断出振动源运动趋势，局限了分布式光纤振动传感器的实际应用。如果具备振动源距离变化趋势的功能的话，可以减少很多无威胁事件的误报。比如振动源逐步靠近就需要关注，靠近到一定距离然后远离就可以把危险等级降低，从而动态监测对管道的危害行 为。因此，亟需一种能够判断振动源变化趋势的方法。The current mainstream distributed optical fiber vibration sensors have a common defect, that is, they only have the function of axial positioning of the optical fiber and cannot determine the movement trend of the vibration source, which limits the practical application of distributed optical fiber vibration sensors. If it has the function of changing trend of vibration source distance, it can reduce many false alarms of non-threatening events. For example, if the vibration source gradually approaches, you need to pay attention. If it approaches to a certain distance and then moves away, the risk level can be reduced, thereby dynamically monitoring the harmful behavior to the pipeline. Therefore, a method that can determine the changing trend of vibration sources is urgently needed.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，有必要提供一种振动源变化趋势判断方法、设备及存储介质，用以解决现有技术中无法判断振动源变化趋势的问题。In view of this, it is necessary to provide a method, equipment and storage medium for judging the change trend of vibration sources to solve the problem in the prior art that the change trend of vibration sources cannot be judged.
为达到上述技术目的，本发明采取了以下技术方案：In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
第一方面，本发明提供了一种振动源变化趋势判断方法，应用于分布式光纤传感系统，包括：In the first aspect, the present invention provides a method for judging the change trend of vibration sources, which is applied to a distributed optical fiber sensing system, including:
步骤一、根据所述分布式光纤传感系统的传感结果，得到响应分布信息，所述响应分布信息用于表征光纤检测到振动的不同时刻在不同探测位置的分布信息；Step 1. Obtain response distribution information based on the sensing results of the distributed optical fiber sensing system. The response distribution information is used to characterize the distribution information at different detection positions at different times when the optical fiber detects vibration;
步骤二、根据所述响应分布信息，得到振源距离特征值；Step 2: Obtain the vibration source distance characteristic value according to the response distribution information;
步骤三、依次重复所述步骤一和所述步骤二，得到多个所述振源距离特征值；Step 3: Repeat step 1 and step 2 in sequence to obtain multiple vibration source distance characteristic values;
步骤四、根据多个所述振源距离特征值的变化情况，得到振动源的变化趋势。Step 4: Obtain the changing trend of the vibration source based on the changes in the multiple vibration source distance characteristic values.
进一步的，所述步骤一，包括：Further, the step one includes:
获取所述分布式光纤传感系统的传感结果，所述传感结果包括时空振动数据；Obtain sensing results of the distributed optical fiber sensing system, where the sensing results include spatiotemporal vibration data;
根据所述时空振动数据，得到所述响应分布信息。According to the spatiotemporal vibration data, the response distribution information is obtained.
进一步的，所述步骤二，包括：Further, the second step includes:
建立参考坐标系，根据所述响应分布信息，在所述参考坐标系中建立所述响应分布信息对应的响应分布曲线；Establish a reference coordinate system, and establish a response distribution curve corresponding to the response distribution information in the reference coordinate system according to the response distribution information;
根据所述响应分布曲线的截距信息，得到所述振源距离特征值。According to the intercept information of the response distribution curve, the vibration source distance characteristic value is obtained.
进一步的，所述响应分布信息包括多个分布点，每个所述分布点均 包括探测位置和探测时刻，所述建立参考坐标系，根据所述响应分布信息，在所述参考坐标系中建立所述响应分布信息对应的响应分布曲线，包括：Further, the response distribution information includes a plurality of distribution points, and each distribution point includes a detection position and a detection time. The reference coordinate system is established. According to the response distribution information, a reference coordinate system is established in the reference coordinate system. The response distribution curve corresponding to the response distribution information includes:
以光纤上的探测位置为横坐标、检测到振动的时间为纵坐标建立所述参考坐标系；Establish the reference coordinate system with the detection position on the optical fiber as the abscissa and the time when the vibration is detected as the ordinate;
以所述探测时刻值最小的所述分布点作为原点，确定每个所述分布点在所述参考坐标系中对应的坐标点；Taking the distribution point with the smallest detection time value as the origin, determine the coordinate point corresponding to each distribution point in the reference coordinate system;
将多个所述坐标点拟合为连续的曲线，作为所述响应分布曲线。Fit multiple coordinate points into a continuous curve as the response distribution curve.
进一步的，所述根据所述响应分布信息，得到所述振源距离特征值，包括：Further, obtaining the vibration source distance characteristic value based on the response distribution information includes:
确定稳定信号参考距离；Determine the stable signal reference distance;
在所述响应分布曲线中选择横坐标等于所述稳定信号参考距离的点作为参考点；Select a point in the response distribution curve with an abscissa equal to the stable signal reference distance as a reference point;
根据所述参考点和所述响应分布曲线，得到所述振源距离特征值。According to the reference point and the response distribution curve, the vibration source distance characteristic value is obtained.
进一步的，所述稳定信号参考距离大于预设距离。Further, the stable signal reference distance is greater than a preset distance.
进一步的，所述根据所述参考点和所述响应分布曲线，得到所述振源距离特征值，包括：Further, obtaining the vibration source distance characteristic value based on the reference point and the response distribution curve includes:
获取所述响应分布曲线在所述参考点处的切线；Obtain the tangent line of the response distribution curve at the reference point;
获取所述切线在所述参考坐标系的纵坐标上的截距，作为所述振源距离特征值。Obtain the intercept of the tangent line on the ordinate of the reference coordinate system as the vibration source distance characteristic value.
进一步的，所述步骤四，包括：Further, the fourth step includes:
判断多个所述振源距离特征值的变化情况，若所述振源距离特征值逐渐减小，则判定所述振动源远离所述分布式光纤传感系统；若所述振源距离特征值逐渐增大，则判定所述振动源靠近所述分布式光纤传感系统。Determine the changes of multiple vibration source distance characteristic values. If the vibration source distance characteristic value gradually decreases, it is determined that the vibration source is far away from the distributed optical fiber sensing system; if the vibration source distance characteristic value gradually increases, it is determined that the vibration source is close to the distributed optical fiber sensing system.
第二方面，本发明还提供一种电子设备，包括存储器和处理器，其中，In a second aspect, the present invention also provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor, wherein,
所述存储器，用于存储程序；The memory is used to store programs;
所述处理器，与所述存储器耦合，用于执行所述存储器中存储的所述程序，以实现上述任一项所述振动源变化趋势判断方法中的步骤。The processor is coupled to the memory and is used to execute the program stored in the memory to implement the steps in any of the above vibration source change trend determination methods.
第三方面，本发明还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机可读取的程序或指令，程序或指令被处理器执行时，能够实现上述任一种实现方式中的振动源变化趋势判断方法中的步骤。In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer-readable programs or instructions. When the programs or instructions are executed by the processor, the vibration source in any of the above implementations can be realized. Steps in the method of judging change trends.
本发明提供的一种振动源变化趋势判断方法、设备及存储介质，主要应用于分布式光纤传感系统，其通过获取分布式光纤传感系统的传感结果，得到响应分布信息，再根据响应分布信息，得到振源距离特征值，最后通过判断多个所述振源距离特征值的变化情况，以分析得到振动源的变化趋势。相比于现有技术，本发明实现了振动源变化趋势的判断，扩展了分布式光纤传感系统的实际应用，且该判断方法简单，精度高，易于操作，具备很好的实用性。The invention provides a vibration source change trend judgment method, equipment and storage medium, which are mainly used in distributed optical fiber sensing systems. By obtaining the sensing results of the distributed optical fiber sensing systems, response distribution information is obtained, and then based on the response Distribute the information to obtain the vibration source distance characteristic value, and finally determine the changes in multiple vibration source distance characteristic values to analyze and obtain the change trend of the vibration source. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention realizes the judgment of the changing trend of the vibration source, expands the practical application of the distributed optical fiber sensing system, and the judgment method is simple, high-precision, easy to operate, and has good practicality.
图1为本发明提供的振动源变化趋势判断方法一实施例的方法流程图；Figure 1 is a method flow chart of an embodiment of a vibration source change trend judgment method provided by the present invention;
图2为图1中步骤S102的方法流程图；Figure 2 is a method flow chart of step S102 in Figure 1;
图3为图2中步骤S201的方法流程图；Figure 3 is a method flow chart of step S201 in Figure 2;
图4为本发明提供的振动源变化趋势判断方法一实施例中响应分布曲线的示意图；Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the response distribution curve in one embodiment of the vibration source change trend judgment method provided by the present invention;
图5为图2中步骤S202的方法流程图；Figure 5 is a method flow chart of step S202 in Figure 2;
图6为本发明提供的电子设备一实施例的结构示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the electronic device provided by the present invention.
下面结合附图来具体描述本发明的优选实施例，其中，附图构成本申请一部分，并与本发明的实施例一起用于阐释本发明的原理，并非用于限定本发明的范围。The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings constitute a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。In the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more than two, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本发明的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art understand, both explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
本发明并非通过直接获取振动源的距离进而判断振动源的运动趋势，而是以一种全新的方式进行判断，即将分布式光纤传感系统的传感结果转换为响应分布信息，再提炼出能够反映振动源距离特征的振源距离特征值，并通过振源距离特征值进行判断。通过本发明提供的方法，不仅能够实现振动源变化趋势的判断，还规避了现有技术中精度不高、操作繁琐等负面问题，具体请参阅后问实施例中的描述。This invention does not judge the movement trend of the vibration source by directly obtaining the distance of the vibration source, but makes the judgment in a completely new way, that is, converting the sensing results of the distributed optical fiber sensing system into response distribution information, and then extracting the information that can The vibration source distance characteristic value reflects the vibration source distance characteristic, and is judged by the vibration source distance characteristic value. Through the method provided by the present invention, it can not only realize the judgment of the change trend of the vibration source, but also avoid the negative problems such as low accuracy and cumbersome operation in the existing technology. For details, please refer to the description in the embodiments later.
本发明提供了一种振动源变化趋势判断方法、设备及存储介质，以下分别进行说明。The present invention provides a vibration source change trend judgment method, equipment and storage medium, which will be described separately below.
结合图1所示，本发明的一个具体实施例，公开了一种振动源变化趋势判断方法，应用于分布式光纤传感系统，包括：As shown in Figure 1, a specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for judging the change trend of vibration sources, which is applied to a distributed optical fiber sensing system, including:
S101、根据所述分布式光纤传感系统的传感结果，得到响应分布信息，所述响应分布信息用于表征光纤检测到振动的不同时刻在不同探测位置的分布信息；S101. Obtain response distribution information based on the sensing results of the distributed optical fiber sensing system. The response distribution information is used to characterize the distribution information at different detection positions at different times when the optical fiber detects vibration;
S102、根据所述响应分布信息，得到振源距离特征值；S102. Obtain the vibration source distance characteristic value according to the response distribution information;
S103、依次重复所述S101和所述S102，得到多个所述振源距离特征值；S103. Repeat S101 and S102 in sequence to obtain multiple vibration source distance characteristic values;
S104、根据多个所述振源距离特征值的变化情况，得到振动源的变化趋势。S104. Obtain the changing trend of the vibration source based on the changes in the plurality of vibration source distance characteristic values.
本发明提供的一种振动源变化趋势判断方法、设备及存储介质，主要应用于分布式光纤传感系统，其通过获取分布式光纤传感系统的传感结果，得到响应分布信息，再根据响应分布信息，得到振源距离特征值，最后通过判断多个所述振源距离特征值的变化情况，以分析得到振动源的变化趋势。相比于现有技术，本发明实现了振动源变化趋势的判断，扩展了分布式光纤的传感系统的实际应用，且该判断方法简单，精度高，易于操作，具备很好的实用性。The invention provides a vibration source change trend judgment method, equipment and storage medium, which are mainly used in distributed optical fiber sensing systems. By obtaining the sensing results of the distributed optical fiber sensing systems, response distribution information is obtained, and then based on the response Distribute the information to obtain the vibration source distance characteristic value, and finally determine the changes in multiple vibration source distance characteristic values to analyze and obtain the change trend of the vibration source. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention realizes the judgment of the changing trend of the vibration source, expands the practical application of the distributed optical fiber sensing system, and the judgment method is simple, high-precision, easy to operate, and has good practicality.
作为优选的实施例，本实施例中的所述步骤S101、根据所述分布式光纤传感系统的传感结果，得到响应分布信息，包括：As a preferred embodiment, the step S101 in this embodiment is to obtain response distribution information based on the sensing results of the distributed optical fiber sensing system, including:
获取所述分布式光纤传感系统的传感结果，所述传感结果包括时空振动数据；Obtain sensing results of the distributed optical fiber sensing system, where the sensing results include spatiotemporal vibration data;
根据所述时空振动数据，得到所述响应分布信息。According to the spatiotemporal vibration data, the response distribution information is obtained.
需要说明的是，上述过程中的时空振动数据，是指包含有位置信息和时间信息的二维数据，其为分布式光纤传感器领域内公知的现有技术，本实施例中不做过多说明。而响应分布信息，是指能够根据分布式光纤传感系统的传感结果得到的，反应分布式光纤传感系统中的光纤在检测到振动的不同时刻在不同探测位置的分布信息，例如光纤上每个探测点首次探测到振动的时刻的集合、光纤上不同位置的探测点首次检测到激励信号时刻的集合，光纤的响应曲线等，其可根据传感结果通过多种现有手段得到。本实施例中，将时空振动数据近似视为在二维时空坐标系 中的一片区域，选择时空振动数据区域中时间维度上较小的边缘作为时空分布信息。It should be noted that the spatiotemporal vibration data in the above process refers to two-dimensional data including position information and time information, which is a well-known existing technology in the field of distributed optical fiber sensors, and will not be explained in detail in this embodiment. . The response distribution information refers to the distribution information that can be obtained based on the sensing results of the distributed optical fiber sensing system and reflects the distribution information of the optical fiber in the distributed optical fiber sensing system at different detection positions at different times when vibration is detected, such as on the optical fiber. The set of times when each detection point first detects vibration, the set of times when detection points at different locations on the optical fiber first detect excitation signals, the response curve of the optical fiber, etc., can be obtained through a variety of existing methods based on the sensing results. In this embodiment, the spatiotemporal vibration data is approximately regarded as an area in a two-dimensional spatiotemporal coordinate system, and the smaller edge in the time dimension in the spatiotemporal vibration data area is selected as the spatiotemporal distribution information.
进一步的，结合图2所示，本实施例中的步骤S102、根据所述响应分布信息，得到振源距离特征值，具体包括：Further, as shown in Figure 2, step S102 in this embodiment is to obtain the vibration source distance characteristic value based on the response distribution information, which specifically includes:
S201、建立参考坐标系，根据所述响应分布信息，在所述参考坐标系中建立所述响应分布信息对应的响应分布曲线；S201. Establish a reference coordinate system, and establish a response distribution curve corresponding to the response distribution information in the reference coordinate system according to the response distribution information;
S202、根据所述响应分布曲线的截距信息，得到所述振源距离特征值。S202. Obtain the vibration source distance characteristic value according to the intercept information of the response distribution curve.
上述过程中，因响应分布信息包含了时间和位置两个维度的信息，因此以若以时间和位置建立二维坐标系作为参考坐标系的话，响应分布信息便可以在参考坐标系中以曲线的形式映射出来，即响应分布曲线。然后根据响应分布曲线的几何特征便可以判断出振动源和光纤之间的距离特征，进而判断出振动源的运动趋势，本实施例中是选择响应分布曲线的截距信息作为判断标准，得到振源距离特征值，其中振源距离特征值为代表远近程度的一个抽象的数值量，并非真实的距离数据。In the above process, because the response distribution information contains information in two dimensions: time and position, if a two-dimensional coordinate system is established with time and position as the reference coordinate system, the response distribution information can be expressed as a curve in the reference coordinate system. The form is mapped out, that is, the response distribution curve. Then according to the geometric characteristics of the response distribution curve, the distance characteristics between the vibration source and the optical fiber can be judged, and then the movement trend of the vibration source can be judged. In this embodiment, the intercept information of the response distribution curve is selected as the judgment criterion to obtain the vibration source. Source distance characteristic value, in which the vibration source distance characteristic value is an abstract numerical quantity representing the degree of distance, and is not a real distance data.
具体地，在一个优选的实施例中，所述响应分布信息包括多个分布点，每个所述分布点均包括探测位置和探测时刻两个维度的信息，用于表示光纤上特定位置检测到振动源振动的时刻。结合图3及图4所示，上述过程中的步骤S201、建立参考坐标系，根据所述响应分布信息，在所述参考坐标系中建立所述响应分布信息对应的响应分布曲线，具体包括：Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, the response distribution information includes a plurality of distribution points, and each distribution point includes information in two dimensions: detection position and detection time, used to represent detection at a specific location on the optical fiber. The moment when the vibration source vibrates. As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, step S201 in the above process is to establish a reference coordinate system, and establish a response distribution curve corresponding to the response distribution information in the reference coordinate system according to the response distribution information, which specifically includes:
S301、以光纤上的探测位置为横坐标、检测到振动的时间为纵坐标建立所述参考坐标系；S301. Establish the reference coordinate system with the detection position on the optical fiber as the abscissa and the time when the vibration is detected as the ordinate;
S302、以所述探测时刻值最小的所述分布点作为原点，确定每个所述分布点在所述参考坐标系中对应的坐标点；S302. Using the distribution point with the smallest detection time value as the origin, determine the coordinate point corresponding to each distribution point in the reference coordinate system;
S303、将多个所述坐标点拟合为连续的曲线，作为所述响应分布曲线。S303. Fit multiple coordinate points into a continuous curve as the response distribution curve.
请参阅图4，上述过程中所建立的响应分布曲线为抛物线，该抛物线的顶点表示振动源振动信号垂直传导至光纤时，其在光纤上的位置及探测时间。本实施例中在建立响应分布曲线时抛物线的顶点和参考坐标系的原点重合，以便更方便地判断响应分布曲线的几何特征及多个曲线之间的比较。对于响应分布曲线上的任一点来讲，其横坐标越大，表明该点离光纤上首次探测到振动的位置越远，纵坐标越大，表明该点对应的光纤上的位置检测到振动的时间越久。Please refer to Figure 4. The response distribution curve established in the above process is a parabola. The vertex of the parabola represents the position and detection time of the vibration signal of the vibration source on the optical fiber when it is vertically transmitted to the optical fiber. In this embodiment, when establishing the response distribution curve, the vertex of the parabola coincides with the origin of the reference coordinate system, so that the geometric characteristics of the response distribution curve and comparison between multiple curves can be more conveniently determined. For any point on the response distribution curve, the larger the abscissa is, the farther the point is from the position where vibration is first detected on the optical fiber. The larger the ordinate is, the farther the point on the optical fiber is from where vibration is detected. The longer it goes.
进一步的，结合图5所示，本实施例中的步骤S202、根据所述响应分布信息，得到所述振源距离特征值，具体包括：Further, as shown in Figure 5, step S202 in this embodiment is to obtain the vibration source distance characteristic value based on the response distribution information, which specifically includes:
S501、确定稳定信号参考距离；S501. Determine the stable signal reference distance;
S502、在所述响应分布曲线中选择横坐标等于所述稳定信号参考距离的点作为参考点；S502. Select a point whose abscissa is equal to the stable signal reference distance in the response distribution curve as a reference point;
S503、根据所述参考点和所述响应分布曲线，得到所述振源距离特征值。S503. Obtain the vibration source distance characteristic value according to the reference point and the response distribution curve.
作为优选的实施例，在上述过程的S501及S502中，以150m作为预设距离，所述稳定信号参考距离需要大于预设距离。因光纤上最先感应到振动时，信号并不稳定，其与真实信息之间存在误差，若利用此时的数据进行分析，即用响应分布曲线中的顶点代表的信息进行分析，则可能会出现误差。所以本实施例中，将响应分布曲线中距离原点足够远(大于预设距离)的部分，认为信号延展稳定后的信息，能够反应真实情况，此时选择该部分中的点作为参考点，能够保证通过该参考点得到振源距离特征最为准确。As a preferred embodiment, in S501 and S502 of the above process, 150m is used as the preset distance, and the stable signal reference distance needs to be greater than the preset distance. Because when vibration is first sensed on the optical fiber, the signal is not stable and there is an error between it and the real information. If the data at this time is used for analysis, that is, the information represented by the vertices in the response distribution curve is used for analysis, it may be An error occurred. Therefore, in this embodiment, the part of the response distribution curve that is far enough away from the origin (greater than the preset distance) is considered to be the information after the signal extension is stabilized, which can reflect the real situation. At this time, the point in this part is selected as the reference point, which can It is ensured that the vibration source distance characteristics can be obtained most accurately through this reference point.
进一步地，作为优选的实施例，上述过程中的步骤S503、根据所述 参考点和所述响应分布曲线，得到所述振源距离特征值，具体包括：Further, as a preferred embodiment, step S503 in the above process is to obtain the vibration source distance characteristic value based on the reference point and the response distribution curve, which specifically includes:
获取所述响应分布曲线在所述参考点处的切线；Obtain the tangent line of the response distribution curve at the reference point;
获取所述切线在所述参考坐标系的纵坐标上的截距，作为所述振源距离特征值。Obtain the intercept of the tangent line on the ordinate of the reference coordinate system as the vibration source distance characteristic value.
截距可以反映出振动源与光纤之间的距离特征，在本实施例中截距值越小，说明振动源离光纤越远，该结论的具体原理如下：The intercept can reflect the distance characteristics between the vibration source and the optical fiber. In this embodiment, the smaller the intercept value, the farther the vibration source is from the optical fiber. The specific principle of this conclusion is as follows:
首先，现有的分布式光纤传感器所得到的时空曲线为：First of all, the space-time curve obtained by the existing distributed optical fiber sensor is:
(d-d
0)
2-2Hv(t-t
0)-v
2(t-t
0)
2＝0
(dd 0 ) 2 -2Hv(tt 0 )-v 2 (tt 0 ) 2 =0
式中d为光纤上位置信息，即以光纤上以某一点为基准，该位置与该基准点之间的距离；d
0是光纤上最先感应到振动点的光纤上的位置信息；t是时间；t
0是光纤上最先感应到振动点的时刻；H是振动源距离光纤的垂直距离；v是振动波的速度。在传统的分布式光纤应用中，需要知道d
0，t
0才能知道振动源距离光纤的垂直距离H，但是由于系统的精度，和环境的复杂，导致这两个参数存在误差，从而影响H的判断精度。
In the formula, d is the position information on the optical fiber, that is, taking a certain point on the optical fiber as the reference point, the distance between the position and the reference point; d 0 is the position information on the optical fiber where the vibration point is first sensed on the optical fiber; t is Time; t 0 is the moment when the vibration point is first sensed on the optical fiber; H is the vertical distance between the vibration source and the optical fiber; v is the speed of the vibration wave. In traditional distributed optical fiber applications, you need to know d 0 and t 0 to know the vertical distance H between the vibration source and the optical fiber. However, due to the accuracy of the system and the complexity of the environment, there are errors in these two parameters, which affects the value of H. Judgment accuracy.
根据上述时空曲线，则可以得到：According to the above space-time curve, we can get:
式中，Δt＝t-t
0，Δd＝d-d
0，将Δt，Δd分别作为纵坐标以及横坐标的量纲，便可以视为建立本实施例中的参考坐标系，式(1)可以在形式上等效地视为本实施例中的响应分布曲线，对响应分布曲线的分析可以等效为对式(1)的分析，不过需要说明的是，式(1)并不等同于本实施例中的响应分布曲线，本实施例中的响应分布曲线是根据时空振动数据直接得到，无需知晓d
0、t
0、H等参数。
In the formula, Δt = tt 0 , Δd = dd 0 , taking Δt and Δd as the dimensions of the ordinate and abscissa respectively, it can be regarded as establishing the reference coordinate system in this embodiment. Equation (1) can be formally Equivalently regarded as the response distribution curve in this embodiment, the analysis of the response distribution curve can be equivalent to the analysis of equation (1). However, it should be noted that equation (1) is not equivalent to the analysis of equation (1) in this embodiment. The response distribution curve in this embodiment is directly obtained based on the spatiotemporal vibration data, and there is no need to know parameters such as d 0 , t 0 , H, etc.
对式(1)求导数，可以得到任意一点的斜率：Taking the derivative of equation (1), we can get the slope of any point:
由式(2)可知，当Δd远大于H时，便可以认为该距离为振动传播较远且稳定后的距离，即本实施例中的稳定信号参考距离，此时可以近似得到：It can be seen from equation (2) that when Δd is much larger than H, the distance can be considered to be the distance after the vibration propagates far and becomes stable, that is, the stable signal reference distance in this embodiment. At this time, it can be approximately obtained:
此时知道曲线上一点的斜率(即本实施例中的参考点)，就可以知道该切线的截距：At this time, knowing the slope of a point on the curve (that is, the reference point in this embodiment), you can know the intercept of the tangent line:
式(4)为振动源距离H和截距b的函数，通过对上式求导可以得到Equation (4) is a function of the vibration source distance H and intercept b. It can be obtained by derivation of the above equation.
从式(5)可以得到b′永远小于零，所以式(4)是递减函数，同时式(4)也是小于零的函数，也就表示：振动源越远，函数截距越小(绝对值就越大)。From equation (5), we can get that b′ is always less than zero, so equation (4) is a decreasing function, and at the same time, equation (4) is also a function less than zero, which means: the farther away the vibration source is, the smaller the function intercept (absolute value the bigger).
本实施例中采用响应分布曲线在参考点的截距作为所述振源距离特征值来判断振动源远近，通过上述推导过程还可以看出，实际中也可以通过判断响应分布曲线在参考点的斜率大小，进而判断振动源的远近。例如参考点对应的斜率越大，说明振动源距离光纤越远，此时斜率即为振源距离特征值。也可以通过直接判断响应分布曲线的弯曲程度来判断振动源远近，例如响应分布曲线越弯曲，即其曲率半径越小，振动源距离越远，此时响应分布曲线的曲率或曲率半径便可以视为振源距离特征值。In this embodiment, the intercept of the response distribution curve at the reference point is used as the characteristic value of the vibration source distance to determine the distance of the vibration source. It can also be seen from the above derivation process that in practice, the intercept of the response distribution curve at the reference point can also be judged. The slope size can be used to determine the distance of the vibration source. For example, the greater the slope corresponding to the reference point, the farther the vibration source is from the optical fiber. In this case, the slope is the characteristic value of the vibration source distance. The distance of the vibration source can also be determined by directly judging the curvature of the response distribution curve. For example, the more curved the response distribution curve is, that is, the smaller the radius of curvature, the farther away the vibration source is. At this time, the curvature or radius of curvature of the response distribution curve can be viewed. is the characteristic value of the vibration source distance.
以上过程不仅解释了本实施例中根据截距判断振动源距离特征的原理，还可以看出，在使用本实施例的方法进行判断时，无需确定初始时间、初始位置、振动波速度，也无需计算出振动源至光纤的具体距离，就可以是相关人员大致掌握振动源与光纤之间的远近程度，进而判断运 动趋势，使本方法具有简便易于实施等特点。同时另一方面，本实施例利用振动的延展稳定后的信号进行分析，而非利用容易产生误差的信号，使得最终的判断结果更加准确，干扰较小，判断精度更高。The above process not only explains the principle of judging the distance characteristics of the vibration source based on the intercept in this embodiment, it can also be seen that when using the method of this embodiment to make the judgment, there is no need to determine the initial time, initial position, vibration wave speed, or By calculating the specific distance between the vibration source and the optical fiber, relevant personnel can roughly grasp the distance between the vibration source and the optical fiber, and then judge the movement trend, making this method simple and easy to implement. At the same time, on the other hand, this embodiment uses the extended and stabilized signal of the vibration for analysis instead of using signals that are prone to errors, so that the final judgment result is more accurate, the interference is smaller, and the judgment accuracy is higher.
实施例时可以每隔一段时间重复实行上述过程S101～S102，即执行步骤S103，以得到多个振源距离特征值。通过多个振源距离特征值便可以判断出振动源的运动趋势。In this embodiment, the above-mentioned processes S101 to S102 may be repeated at regular intervals, that is, step S103 may be executed to obtain multiple vibration source distance characteristic values. The motion trend of the vibration source can be judged through multiple vibration source distance characteristic values.
具体地，作为优选的实施例，本实施例中的步骤S104、根据多个所述振源距离特征值的变化情况，得到振动源的变化趋势，具体包括：Specifically, as a preferred embodiment, step S104 in this embodiment is to obtain the changing trend of the vibration source based on the changes in multiple characteristic values of the vibration source distances, which specifically includes:
判断多个所述振源距离特征值的变化情况，若所述振源距离特征值逐渐减小，则判定所述振动源远离所述分布式光纤传感系统；若所述振源距离特征值逐渐增大，则判定所述振动源靠近所述分布式光纤传感系统。Determine the changes of multiple vibration source distance characteristic values. If the vibration source distance characteristic value gradually decreases, it is determined that the vibration source is far away from the distributed optical fiber sensing system; if the vibration source distance characteristic value gradually increases, it is determined that the vibration source is close to the distributed optical fiber sensing system.
上述过程仅为以截距作为振源距离特征值判断运动趋势的一种方式，实际中根据振源距离特征值的获取方式不同，上述判断方法也可以根据具体情况灵活更改。The above process is only a way to judge the movement trend by using the intercept as the characteristic value of the vibration source distance. In practice, depending on how the characteristic value of the vibration source distance is obtained, the above judgment method can also be flexibly changed according to the specific situation.
为了更好实施本发明实施例中的振动源变化趋势判断方法，在振动源变化趋势判断方法基础之上，对应的，请参阅图6，图6为本发明实施例提供的电子设备600的结构示意图。基于上述振动源变化趋势判断方法，本发明还相应提供了一种振动源变化趋势判断设备，振动源变化趋势判断设备可以是移动终端、桌上型计算机、笔记本、掌上电脑及服务器等计算设备。该电子设备600包括处理器610、存储器620及显示器630。图6仅示出了电子设备的部分组件，但是应理解的是，并不要求实施所有示出的组件，可以替代的实施更多或者更少的组件。In order to better implement the vibration source change trend judgment method in the embodiment of the present invention, based on the vibration source change trend judgment method, correspondingly, please refer to Figure 6. Figure 6 is the structure of the electronic device 600 provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram. Based on the above vibration source change trend judgment method, the present invention also provides a vibration source change trend judgment device. The vibration source change trend judgment device can be a mobile terminal, a desktop computer, a notebook, a palmtop computer, a server and other computing devices. The electronic device 600 includes a processor 610, a memory 620 and a display 630. FIG. 6 only shows some components of the electronic device, but it should be understood that implementation of all the components shown is not required, and more or fewer components may be implemented instead.
存储器620在一些实施例中可以是振动源变化趋势判断设备的内部存储单元，例如振动源变化趋势判断设备的硬盘或内存。存储器620在 另一些实施例中也可以是振动源变化趋势判断设备的外部存储设备，例如振动源变化趋势判断设备上配备的插接式硬盘，智能存储卡(Smart Media Card,SMC)，安全数字(Secure Digital,SD)卡，闪存卡(Flash Card)等。进一步地，存储器620还可以既包括振动源变化趋势判断设备的内部存储单元也包括外部存储设备。存储器620用于存储安装于振动源变化趋势判断设备的应用软件及各类数据，例如安装振动源变化趋势判断设备的程序代码等。存储器620还可以用于暂时地存储已经输出或者将要输出的数据。在一实施例中，存储器620上存储有振动源变化趋势判断程序640，该振动源变化趋势判断程序640可被处理器610所执行，从而实现本申请各实施例的振动源变化趋势判断方法。In some embodiments, the memory 620 may be an internal storage unit of the vibration source change trend judgment device, such as the hard disk or memory of the vibration source change trend judgment device. In other embodiments, the memory 620 may also be an external storage device of the vibration source change trend judgment device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), or a secure digital device equipped on the vibration source change trend judgment device. (Secure Digital, SD) card, flash card (Flash Card), etc. Further, the memory 620 may also include both an internal storage unit of the vibration source change trend judgment device and an external storage device. The memory 620 is used to store application software and various data installed in the vibration source change trend judgment device, such as program codes installed in the vibration source change trend judgment device. The memory 620 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output. In one embodiment, a vibration source change trend judgment program 640 is stored in the memory 620, and the vibration source change trend judgment program 640 can be executed by the processor 610, thereby realizing the vibration source change trend judgment methods of various embodiments of the present application.
处理器610在一些实施例中可以是一中央处理器(Central Processing Unit,CPU)，微处理器或其他数据处理芯片，用于运行存储器620中存储的程序代码或处理数据，例如执行振动源变化趋势判断方法等。In some embodiments, the processor 610 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor or other data processing chip, used to run the program code stored in the memory 620 or process data, such as performing vibration source changes. Trend judgment methods, etc.
显示器630在一些实施例中可以是LED显示器、液晶显示器、触控式液晶显示器以及OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，有机发光二极管)触摸器等。显示器630用于显示在振动源变化趋势判断设备的信息以及用于显示可视化的用户界面。振动源变化趋势判断设备的部件610-630通过系统总线相互通信。In some embodiments, the display 630 may be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-controlled liquid crystal display, an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, organic light-emitting diode) touch device, etc. The display 630 is used to display information on the vibration source change trend judgment device and to display a visual user interface. The components 610-630 of the vibration source change trend judgment device communicate with each other through the system bus.
在一实施例中，当处理器610执行存储器620中振动源变化趋势判断程序640时实现如上的振动源变化趋势判断方法中的步骤。In one embodiment, when the processor 610 executes the vibration source change trend judgment program 640 in the memory 620, the above steps in the vibration source change trend judgment method are implemented.
本实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有振动源变化趋势判断程序，该振动源变化趋势判断程序被处理器执行时可实现上述实施例中的步骤。This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a vibration source change trend judgment program is stored. When the vibration source change trend judgment program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above embodiment can be implemented.
本发明提供的一种振动源变化趋势判断方法、设备及存储介质，主要应用于分布式光纤传感系统，其通过获取分布式光纤传感系统的传感 结果，得到响应分布信息，再根据响应分布信息，得到振源距离特征值，最后通过判断多个所述振源距离特征值的变化情况，以分析得到振动源的变化趋势。相比于现有技术，本发明实现了振动源变化趋势的判断，扩展了分布式光纤的传感系统的实际应用，且该判断方法简单，精度高，易于操作，具备很好的实用性。The invention provides a vibration source change trend judgment method, equipment and storage medium, which are mainly used in distributed optical fiber sensing systems. By obtaining the sensing results of the distributed optical fiber sensing systems, response distribution information is obtained, and then based on the response Distribute the information to obtain the vibration source distance characteristic value, and finally determine the changes in multiple vibration source distance characteristic values to analyze and obtain the change trend of the vibration source. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention realizes the judgment of the changing trend of the vibration source, expands the practical application of the distributed optical fiber sensing system, and the judgment method is simple, high-precision, easy to operate, and has good practicality.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or modifications within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. All substitutions are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- 一种振动源变化趋势判断方法，应用于分布式光纤传感系统，其特征在于，包括：A method for judging the change trend of vibration sources, applied to distributed optical fiber sensing systems, which is characterized by including:步骤一、根据所述分布式光纤传感系统的传感结果，得到响应分布信息，所述响应分布信息用于表征光纤检测到振动的不同时刻在不同探测位置的分布信息；Step 1. Obtain response distribution information based on the sensing results of the distributed optical fiber sensing system. The response distribution information is used to characterize the distribution information at different detection positions at different times when the optical fiber detects vibration;步骤二、根据所述响应分布信息，得到振源距离特征值；Step 2: Obtain the vibration source distance characteristic value according to the response distribution information;步骤三、依次重复所述步骤一和所述步骤二，得到多个所述振源距离特征值；Step 3: Repeat step 1 and step 2 in sequence to obtain multiple vibration source distance characteristic values;步骤四、根据多个所述振源距离特征值的变化情况，得到振动源的变化趋势。Step 4: Obtain the changing trend of the vibration source based on the changes in the multiple vibration source distance characteristic values.
- 根据权利要求1所述的振动源变化趋势判断方法，其特征在于，所述步骤一，包括：The vibration source change trend judgment method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step one includes:获取所述分布式光纤传感系统的传感结果，所述传感结果包括时空振动数据；Obtain sensing results of the distributed optical fiber sensing system, where the sensing results include spatiotemporal vibration data;根据所述时空振动数据，得到所述响应分布信息。According to the spatiotemporal vibration data, the response distribution information is obtained.
- 根据权利要求2所述的振动源变化趋势判断方法，其特征在于，所述步骤二，包括：The vibration source change trend judgment method according to claim 2, characterized in that the step two includes:建立参考坐标系，根据所述响应分布信息，在所述参考坐标系中建立所述响应分布信息对应的响应分布曲线；Establish a reference coordinate system, and establish a response distribution curve corresponding to the response distribution information in the reference coordinate system according to the response distribution information;根据所述响应分布曲线的截距信息，得到所述振源距离特征值。According to the intercept information of the response distribution curve, the vibration source distance characteristic value is obtained.
- 根据权利要求3所述的振动源变化趋势判断方法，其特征在于，所述响应分布信息包括多个分布点，每个所述分布点均包括探测位置和探测时刻，所述建立参考坐标系，根据所述响应分布信息，在所述参考坐标系中建立所述响应分布信息对应的响应分布曲线，包括：The vibration source change trend judgment method according to claim 3, characterized in that the response distribution information includes a plurality of distribution points, each of the distribution points includes a detection position and a detection time, and the establishment of a reference coordinate system, According to the response distribution information, establishing a response distribution curve corresponding to the response distribution information in the reference coordinate system includes:以光纤上的探测位置为横坐标、检测到振动的时间为纵坐标建立所 述参考坐标系；The reference coordinate system is established with the detection position on the optical fiber as the abscissa and the time when the vibration is detected as the ordinate;以所述探测时刻值最小的所述分布点作为原点，确定每个所述分布点在所述参考坐标系中对应的坐标点；Taking the distribution point with the smallest detection time value as the origin, determine the coordinate point corresponding to each distribution point in the reference coordinate system;将多个所述坐标点拟合为连续的曲线，作为所述响应分布曲线。Fit multiple coordinate points into a continuous curve as the response distribution curve.
- 根据权利要求4所述的振动源变化趋势判断方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述响应分布信息，得到所述振源距离特征值，包括：The vibration source change trend judgment method according to claim 4, characterized in that, obtaining the vibration source distance characteristic value based on the response distribution information includes:确定稳定信号参考距离；Determine the stable signal reference distance;在所述响应分布曲线中选择横坐标等于所述稳定信号参考距离的点作为参考点；Select a point in the response distribution curve with an abscissa equal to the stable signal reference distance as a reference point;根据所述参考点和所述响应分布曲线，得到所述振源距离特征值。According to the reference point and the response distribution curve, the vibration source distance characteristic value is obtained.
- 根据权利要求5所述的振动源变化趋势判断方法，其特征在于，所述稳定信号参考距离大于预设距离。The vibration source change trend judgment method according to claim 5, characterized in that the stable signal reference distance is greater than a preset distance.
- 根据权利要求5所述的振动源变化趋势判断方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述参考点和所述响应分布曲线，得到所述振源距离特征值，包括：The vibration source change trend judgment method according to claim 5, characterized in that, obtaining the vibration source distance characteristic value based on the reference point and the response distribution curve includes:获取所述响应分布曲线在所述参考点处的切线；Obtain the tangent line of the response distribution curve at the reference point;获取所述切线在所述参考坐标系的纵坐标上的截距，作为所述振源距离特征值。Obtain the intercept of the tangent line on the ordinate of the reference coordinate system as the vibration source distance characteristic value.
- 根据权利要求7所述的振动源变化趋势判断方法，其特征在于，所述步骤四，包括：The vibration source change trend judgment method according to claim 7, characterized in that the step four includes:判断多个所述振源距离特征值的变化情况，若所述振源距离特征值逐渐减小，则判定所述振动源远离所述分布式光纤传感系统；若所述振源距离特征值逐渐增大，则判定所述振动源靠近所述分布式光纤传感系统。Determine the changes of multiple vibration source distance characteristic values. If the vibration source distance characteristic value gradually decreases, it is determined that the vibration source is far away from the distributed optical fiber sensing system; if the vibration source distance characteristic value gradually increases, it is determined that the vibration source is close to the distributed optical fiber sensing system.
- 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括存储器和处理器，其中，An electronic device, characterized by including a memory and a processor, wherein,所述存储器，用于存储程序；The memory is used to store programs;所述处理器，与所述存储器耦合，用于执行所述存储器中存储的所述程序，以实现上述权利要求1至8中任一项所述振动源变化趋势判断方法中的步骤。The processor is coupled to the memory and is used to execute the program stored in the memory to implement the steps in the method for determining the change trend of the vibration source in any one of claims 1 to 8.
- 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，用于存储计算机可读取的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被处理器执行时，能够实现上述权利要求1至8中任一项所述振动源变化趋势判断方法中的步骤。A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it is used to store computer-readable programs or instructions. When the programs or instructions are executed by a processor, the vibration described in any one of claims 1 to 8 can be realized. Steps in the source change trend judgment method.
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| CN108828523A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-11-16 | 中山绿威科技有限公司 | Vibration wave localization method, device, system and computer storage medium |
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| CN108828523A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-11-16 | 中山绿威科技有限公司 | Vibration wave localization method, device, system and computer storage medium |
| CN111765958A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-10-13 | 山东大学 | Vibration type identification method and system based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial distance measurement |
| CN111780855A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-10-16 | 山东大学 | Cable external-damage-prevention method and system based on fiber radial vibration source ranging vibration identification |
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