CN111765958A - Vibration type identification method and system based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial distance measurement - Google Patents
Vibration type identification method and system based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial distance measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN111765958A CN111765958A CN202010453713.9A CN202010453713A CN111765958A CN 111765958 A CN111765958 A CN 111765958A CN 202010453713 A CN202010453713 A CN 202010453713A CN 111765958 A CN111765958 A CN 111765958A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S11/00—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation
- G01S11/12—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
Abstract
The disclosure provides a vibration type identification method and a vibration type identification system based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial ranging, wherein the identification method comprises the following steps: acquiring a first measuring point receiving the vibration signal on the optical fiber and a vibration signal detected by another point nearby the first measuring point; calculating the radial distance between the vibration source and the first measuring point receiving the vibration signal according to the vibration signals of the two detected points and the propagation speed of the sound wave signal in different media; and performing the detection for multiple times at set time intervals, and judging whether the obtained radial distance is reduced according to the detection time, wherein if the obtained radial distance is reduced, the vibration is destructive vibration, and otherwise, the vibration is non-destructive vibration. The method and the device have the advantages that the radial distance between the optical fiber and the vibration source is calculated, the radial distance can be determined by detecting vibration signals of two points, and the type of vibration can be determined by the change of the radial distance. The system algorithm is simple and practical, and is favorable for application in each vibration detection protection system.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the related technical field of cable state monitoring, in particular to a vibration type identification method and system based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial ranging, and the method and system can be applied to external damage prevention control of oil and gas pipelines and cables.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system (phi-OTDR system) has the advantages of high vibration sensitivity, low cost, capability of realizing transverse positioning of a vibration source and the like, and is more and more widely applied to the aspect of preventing external damage of oil and gas pipelines and cables.
The distributed optical fiber vibration sensing phi-OTDR system is based on the Rayleigh backscattering theory, and realizes the induction and the positioning of vibration by utilizing the characteristic that the characteristic of Rayleigh scattering light is changed due to the change of the refractive index of the optical fiber of a vibration point. When a vibration signal is received at a certain point on the optical fiber, the refractive index of the point changes due to vibration, so that the intensity, phase and other characteristics of the backward Rayleigh scattering light change, and the received Rayleigh scattering light signal is post-processed, so that the information such as the intensity, position and the like of the vibration can be obtained.
The inventor finds that the cable is prevented from being broken by the external system, the optical fiber vibration sensing system can give an early warning to line operation and maintenance personnel about vibration and position information of the vibration, the operation and maintenance personnel can reach a vibration point to check the vibration, and if the construction behavior is found to be stopped immediately, the cable is protected from being damaged. However, in practical application, early warning caused by non-excavation vibration of a travelling crane and the like often occurs, so that the working efficiency of operation and maintenance personnel is reduced, and manpower is wasted. Therefore, the vibration signal needs to be identified, so that the system only gives an early warning to the vibration which threatens the safety of the line. In addition, the existing optical fiber vibration signal identification method is based on a big data analysis method, the vibration signal is subjected to feature extraction, and then a neural network identification method or a support vector machine identification method is used for identifying the vibration type. However, the big data analysis method requires a large amount of experimental data for training, and has a large workload and high cost, so that the method is difficult to be applied to an actual external damage prevention system.
Disclosure of Invention
The method and the system for recognizing the vibration type based on the distributed optical fiber vibration radial distance measurement are provided to solve the problems, the determination of the radial distance between a vibration source and an optical fiber is realized by utilizing the time difference that an optical fiber measuring point successively receives vibration signals transmitted by a pipe wall and soil, and the judgment of the damage of vibration is realized by utilizing the optical fiber radial vibration source distance measurement, so that accurate early warning information is sent out.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the disclosure:
the first purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a vibration type identification method based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial ranging, comprising the following steps:
acquiring a first measuring point receiving the vibration signal on the optical fiber and a vibration signal detected by another point nearby the first measuring point;
calculating the radial distance between the vibration source and the first measuring point receiving the vibration signal according to the vibration signals of the two detected points and the propagation speed of the sound wave signal in different media;
and performing the detection for multiple times at set time intervals, and judging whether the obtained radial distance is reduced according to the detection time, wherein if the obtained radial distance is reduced, the vibration is destructive vibration, and otherwise, the vibration is non-destructive vibration.
The second purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a vibration type identification system based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial distance measurement, including a distributed vibration sensing optical fiber arranged on a protected object, a laser providing a light source for the distributed vibration sensing optical fiber, and a photoelectric receiver for receiving an optical fiber detection signal, and further including a main control module, where the main control module is connected to the laser and the photoelectric receiver, respectively, and executes the vibration type identification method based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial distance measurement.
It is a third object of the present disclosure to provide a vibration type identification system based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial ranging, comprising:
an acquisition module: the device is configured to be used for acquiring a vibration signal detected by a first measuring point receiving the vibration signal on the optical fiber and another point nearby the first measuring point;
a calculation module: the device is configured to calculate the radial distance between the vibration source and the first measurement point receiving the vibration signal according to the vibration signals of the two detected points and the propagation speed of the sound wave signal in different media;
a judging module: and the device is configured to execute the steps for multiple times at set time intervals, judge whether the obtained radial distance is reduced according to the detection time, if so, the vibration is destructive vibration, and otherwise, the vibration is non-destructive vibration.
It is a fourth object of the present disclosure to provide an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, and computer instructions stored on the memory and executed on the processor, wherein the computer instructions, when executed by the processor, perform the steps of the above method.
A fifth object of the present disclosure is to provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, perform the steps of the above-mentioned method.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:
the method and the device have the advantages that the radial distance between the optical fiber and the vibration source is calculated, the limitation of obtaining the transverse distance by detecting the vibration through the optical fiber is broken, a new idea of vibration detection and protection is developed, the radial distance can be determined by detecting vibration signals of two points, the detection is carried out for multiple times, and the type of the vibration can be determined through the change of the radial distance. The system algorithm is simple and practical, and is favorable for application in each vibration detection protection system.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method according to embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the propagation of the vibration signal of embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present disclosure is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments in the present disclosure may be combined with each other. The embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In one or more embodiments, the vibration type identification system based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial distance measurement includes a distributed vibration sensing optical fiber disposed on a protected object, a laser providing a light source for the distributed vibration sensing optical fiber, and a photoelectric receiver for receiving an optical fiber detection signal. The photoelectric receiver is characterized by further comprising a main control module, wherein the main control module is respectively connected with the laser and the photoelectric receiver.
The distributed vibration sensing optical fiber is a distributed sensor, and the distributed mode means that each point on the optical fiber has sensing capability and each point on the optical fiber has vibration measuring capability, namely, a continuous countless points on one optical fiber can measure the arrival time of two vibration signals.
The embodiment also provides a vibration type identification method based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial ranging, which can be implemented in the main control module of the system as shown in fig. 1, and includes the following steps:
step 1, obtaining a first measuring point receiving a vibration signal on an optical fiber and a vibration signal detected by another point nearby the first measuring point; another point nearby may be a point determined by setting a distance.
and 3, detecting multiple times of vibration by executing the steps at intervals of set time, and judging whether the obtained radial distance is reduced according to the detection time, wherein if the obtained radial distance is reduced, the vibration is destructive vibration, and if not, the vibration is non-destructive vibration.
The embodiment innovatively provides the method for calculating the radial distance between the optical fiber and the vibration source, breaks through the limitation of obtaining the transverse distance by detecting the vibration by adopting the optical fiber, develops a new idea for vibration detection and protection, can determine the radial distance by detecting vibration signals of two points, can determine the type of vibration by detecting for multiple times and can determine the type of vibration by the change of the radial distance. The system algorithm is simple and practical, and is favorable for application in each vibration detection protection system.
In the embodiment, the detection is performed for multiple times, the result of each detection is calculated independently, the calculation results obtained by multiple times of detection are compared, the requirement on the detection error of the system is low, the setting cost of the system is low, the cancellation of the detection error can be realized by the front detection and the back detection, and the vibration type judged by the algorithm is accurate.
In step 1, to obtain vibration signal data, the specific obtaining method is as follows:
step 11, obtaining the position of a first measuring point on the optical fiber, which receives the vibration signal, and the vibration signal;
and step 12, acquiring vibration signals of any other measuring point at a set distance on the optical fiber except the first measuring point.
In step 2, calculating the radial distance between the vibration source and the first measuring point receiving the vibration signal according to the vibration signals of the two detected points and the propagation speeds of the sound wave signals in different media; optionally, the first measurement point receiving the vibration signal is a measurement point closest to the vibration source, and a connection line between the vibration source and the measurement point is approximately perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the optical fibers.
The method for calculating the radial distance from the vibration signals of the two points detected in one detection can be as follows:
step 21, aiming at the vibration signals of the two points, distinguishing the vibration signal directly transmitted from a vibration source and the vibration signal transmitted through the optical fiber distribution pipeline;
alternatively, the method of distinguishing the vibration signals of different propagation paths may be to distinguish between the waveform and the time when the waveform is received. The vibration is transmitted along the pipeline more quickly, and certain differences exist in wave forms.
Step 22, obtaining the time of a vibration signal emitted by the vibration source in the same vibration to reach a first measuring point, the time of the vibration signal directly transmitted from the vibration source to reach another measuring point and the time of the vibration signal transmitted through a distribution pipeline of optical fibers to reach another measuring point;
in order to ensure that the vibration signals received by the two measurement points are caused by the same vibration of the vibration source, optionally, the time when the first measurement point receives the vibration signal for the first time may be selected, the vibration signal received by the other measurement point for the first time is an arriving vibration signal transmitted by the pipeline, and the vibration signal received by the other measurement point for the second time is a vibration signal directly propagated (through soil) from the vibration source. The propagation speed of the vibration signal in the soil is about 100-500 meters per second, the propagation speed of the vibration signal in the metal pipe wall of the optical fiber is about 3000-6000 meters per second, the propagation speed of different soil components and metal materials is different, and the arrival time of the vibration signal can be determined by the propagation speed of a medium.
And analyzing the received optical signal to obtain information such as amplitude, frequency and the like of vibration of each point of the optical fiber; the vibration characteristics resulting from different vibrations are different.
And step 23, calculating according to the acquired time and the propagation speed of the sound wave, and acquiring the radial distance between the vibration source and the first measurement point receiving the vibration signal.
As a further improvement, another point near the first measurement point receiving the vibration signal may be multiple, multiple radial distances between the multiple vibration sources and the optical fiber are obtained by calculation according to the signal of each nearby measurement point, and an average value of the radial distances is found as the radial distance between the vibration source of the current vibration and the optical fiber.
Specifically, taking a cable laid in soil as an example, the calculation process is described as follows:
knowing the propagation velocity v of the vibration signal in the outer tube wall of the optical fiber1And propagation velocity v in the soil2And realizing radial distance measurement of the vibration source according to the time of the vibration signals received by a certain position of the optical fiber in sequence. The basic principle is shown in fig. 2: the vibration source sends vibration signals to all directions and transmits the vibration signals to all points of the optical fiber through soil; firstly receiving a vibration signal by a point 1 on the optical fiber, and then taking a to-be-measured d as a radial distance between a vibration source and the optical fiber; the vibration signal reaches 1 point on the optical fiber and then propagates along the wall of the optical fiber tube at t12 o' clock after second; simultaneously receiving a vibration signal t at 1 point2After a second, point 2 also senses the vibration signal transmitted through the soil by the vibration source.
The radial distance d is calculated as follows:
d2+(t1v1)2＝(d+t2v2)2
and aiming at the same vibration, selecting a plurality of measuring points as the points 2, and averaging d measured by each point, so that the error of the radial distance d of the vibration source can be reduced.
The detection interval time can be set for multiple vibration detection, if the detection is performed once every 1 minute, the radial distance obtained by multiple detection data is reduced, namely, the vibration source is gradually close to the optical fiber, the vibration which threatens the safety of the optical fiber for construction and the like can be judged, and early warning can be sent to operation and maintenance personnel through the main control module. If the vibration source is not close to the vibration source in the radial direction, the vibration is judged to be non-threat vibration, and no early warning is sent out.
By the method, the anti-external-damage system selectively sends out early warning to the vibration signal, and the working efficiency of operation and maintenance personnel is greatly improved.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a vibration type identification system based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial ranging, which includes:
an acquisition module: the device is configured to be used for acquiring a vibration signal detected by a first measuring point receiving the vibration signal on the optical fiber and another point nearby the first measuring point;
a calculation module: the device is configured to calculate the radial distance between the vibration source and the first measurement point receiving the vibration signal according to the vibration signals of the two detected points and the propagation speed of the sound wave signal in different media;
a judging module: and the device is configured to execute the steps for multiple times at set time intervals, judge whether the obtained radial distance is reduced according to the detection time, if so, the vibration is destructive vibration, and otherwise, the vibration is non-destructive vibration.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, and computer instructions stored on the memory and executed on the processor, wherein the computer instructions, when executed by the processor, perform the steps of the method of embodiment 1.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a computer readable storage medium for storing computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform the steps of the method of embodiment 1.
The electronic device provided by the present disclosure may be a mobile terminal and a non-mobile terminal, where the non-mobile terminal includes a desktop computer, and the mobile terminal includes a Smart Phone (such as an Android Phone and an IOS Phone), Smart glasses, a Smart watch, a Smart bracelet, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant, and other mobile internet devices capable of performing wireless communication.
It should be understood that in the present disclosure, the processor may be a central processing unit CPU, but may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors DSP, application specific integrated circuits ASIC, off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays FPGA or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
The memory may include both read-only memory and random access memory, and may provide instructions and data to the processor, and a portion of the memory may also include non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory may also store device type information.
In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by integrated logic circuits of hardware in a processor or instructions in the form of software. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the present disclosure may be embodied directly in a hardware processor, or in a combination of the hardware and software modules within the processor. The software modules may be located in ram, flash, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, among other storage media as is well known in the art. The storage medium is located in a memory, and a processor reads information in the memory and completes the steps of the method in combination with hardware of the processor. To avoid repetition, it is not described in detail here. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements, i.e., algorithm steps, described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the several embodiments provided in the present disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is merely a division of one logic function, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units through some interfaces, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present disclosure may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. The vibration type identification method based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial distance measurement is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring a first measuring point receiving the vibration signal on the optical fiber and a vibration signal detected by another point nearby the first measuring point;
calculating the radial distance between the vibration source and the first measuring point receiving the vibration signal according to the vibration signals of the two detected points and the propagation speed of the sound wave signal in different media;
and performing the detection for multiple times at set time intervals, and judging whether the obtained radial distance is reduced according to the detection time, wherein if the obtained radial distance is reduced, the vibration is destructive vibration, and otherwise, the vibration is non-destructive vibration.
2. The vibration type identification method based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial ranging as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method for acquiring the vibration signal detected by the first measurement point receiving the vibration signal and another point nearby the first measurement point on the optical fiber comprises the following steps:
acquiring the position of a first measuring point on the optical fiber, which receives the vibration signal, and the vibration signal;
and acquiring the vibration signals of the measuring points at any set distance on the optical fiber except the first measuring point.
3. The vibration type identification method based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial ranging as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first measuring point receiving the vibration signal is the measuring point closest to the vibration source, and the connecting line of the vibration source and the measuring point is approximately vertical to the arrangement direction of the optical fibers.
4. The vibration type identification method based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial ranging as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a method of calculating the radial distance of a vibration source from a first measurement point at which a vibration signal is received, comprising:
aiming at the vibration signals of the two points, distinguishing the vibration signal directly transmitted from a vibration source and the vibration signal transmitted through a distribution pipeline of optical fibers;
acquiring the time of a vibration signal emitted by the vibration source in the same vibration to reach a first measuring point, the time of the vibration signal directly propagating from the vibration source to reach another measuring point and the time of the vibration signal transmitted through a distribution pipeline of optical fibers to reach another measuring point;
and calculating according to the acquired time and the propagation speed of the sound wave to acquire the radial distance between the vibration source and the first measurement point receiving the vibration signal.
5. The vibration type identification method based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial ranging as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and calculating to obtain the radial distance between the vibration source and the optical fiber according to the vibration signal of each nearby measurement point, and calculating the average value of the radial distances to be used as the radial distance between the vibration source of the current vibration and the optical fiber.
6. Vibration type identification system based on radial range finding of distributed optical fiber vibration, characterized by: the vibration type identification method based on the distributed optical fiber vibration radial distance measurement comprises a distributed vibration sensing optical fiber arranged on a protected object, a laser providing a light source for the distributed vibration sensing optical fiber, a photoelectric receiver used for receiving optical fiber detection signals, and a main control module, wherein the main control module is respectively connected with the laser and the photoelectric receiver, and executes the vibration type identification method based on the distributed optical fiber vibration radial distance measurement as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The vibration type identification system based on distributed optical fiber vibration radial ranging of claim 6, wherein an optical fiber sensor is continuously arranged on the distributed vibration sensing optical fiber; or, the protection object is a cable or an oil pipeline.
8. Vibration type identification system based on radial range finding of distributed optical fiber vibration, characterized by includes:
an acquisition module: the device is configured to be used for acquiring a vibration signal detected by a first measuring point receiving the vibration signal on the optical fiber and another point nearby the first measuring point;
a calculation module: the device is configured to calculate the radial distance between the vibration source and the first measurement point receiving the vibration signal according to the vibration signals of the two detected points and the propagation speed of the sound wave signal in different media;
a judging module: and the device is configured to execute the steps for multiple times at set time intervals, judge whether the obtained radial distance is reduced according to the detection time, if so, the vibration is destructive vibration, and otherwise, the vibration is non-destructive vibration.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor and computer instructions stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the computer instructions when executed by the processor performing the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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