WO2024038368A1 - Réseau thermique à trois tuyaux - Google Patents

Réseau thermique à trois tuyaux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024038368A1
WO2024038368A1 PCT/IB2023/058171 IB2023058171W WO2024038368A1 WO 2024038368 A1 WO2024038368 A1 WO 2024038368A1 IB 2023058171 W IB2023058171 W IB 2023058171W WO 2024038368 A1 WO2024038368 A1 WO 2024038368A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
main pipe
medium
pipe
thermal network
anyone
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2023/058171
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alberto Mian
Samuel HENCHOZ
Grégory MEERTENS
Enrico DA RIVA
Original Assignee
Exergo Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Exergo Sa filed Critical Exergo Sa
Publication of WO2024038368A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024038368A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D7/00—Central heating systems employing heat-transfer fluids not covered by groups F24D1/00 - F24D5/00, e.g. oil, salt or gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D10/00—District heating systems
    • F24D10/003—Domestic delivery stations having a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D12/00—Other central heating systems
    • F24D12/02—Other central heating systems having more than one heat source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/12—Heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/13—Heat from a district heating network
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/02—Fluid distribution means
    • F24D2220/0292—Fluid distribution networks

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to thermal networks, and more precisely to thermal networks that use an energy transfer medium to supply heat and refrigeration to end-user locations.
  • a thermal network is a system that provides thermal energy services to several end-user locations within a same building or within separate buildings.
  • a thermal network is generally connecting one or multiple central plants (heating/cooling injection points) to said end-used locations (heating/cooling utilization points).
  • heating is needed the thermal network vehiculates energy from one or several plants to end-user locations via decentralized heat exchangers or heat-pumps through pipelines that carry water, steam or CO 2 . If cooling is needed the thermal energy vehiculated in the thermal network follows an opposite path, i.e.
  • a thermal network is made of at least a central plant, a pipe system that contains an energy transfer medium such as water or CO 2 , and at least an end-user location.
  • European patent EP 2 122257 B1 discloses a district energy system comprising two main pipes, the first pipe containing CO 2 in liquid state and the second pipe containing CO 2 in gaseous state. Both pipes are adapted in a way as to each act as a supply or return pipe, depending on the heating or cooling requirements of the end-user locations.
  • the CO 2 transfer between different temperature stages can take place at temperature below 30°C and pressures below 70 bar, with total or partial evaporation or condensation of the CO 2 .
  • the present invention provides alternatives and improvements with respect to existing thermal networks. More precisely, the present invention concerns a thermal network comprising at least one plant, at least one end-user location, a pipe system and an energy transfer medium, said end- user location(s) being connected to the plant through the pipe system.
  • the invention is characterized in that it comprises three main pipes that are each connected to the plant and wherein the energy transfer medium is in a liquid state in the first and the third main pipe, and in a gaseous state in the second main pipe.
  • the present invention is the synthesis resulting from the following considerations that are mostly linked to energy efficiency: -
  • the thermal network aims principally at supplying heat or cooling services to the end- user locations. It should aim at being as simple as possible in the way it supplies these services while not excluding other services less related to thermal energy.
  • - In case where there is a simultaneous demand of one or several end-user locations that demand heat and one or several end-user locations that demand cooling.
  • the network has to be able to recover the heat injected in it by the cooling user and transfer it to the end user location that extract heat from the network, exploiting as much as possible the waste heat recovery potential and as a result improving the energy efficiency of the system.
  • the temperature of the heating service required can vary in a fairly wide range from one end-user location to another and the network has to be able to deal with it in the most energy efficient way.
  • the temperature of the cooling service required can vary in a fairly wide range from one end-user location to another and the network has to be able to deal with it in the most energy efficient way.
  • the above considerations can be met by a network that uses heat pumps installed at the end- user locations to supply heat always at the temperature required by each end-user.
  • the present invention complies with these constraints by exploiting the latent heat of vaporization of the medium instead of its sensible heat, that way it renders possible to deliver the same amount of heating, respectively cooling service with many times less mass flowrate than if the sensible heat was used.
  • the temperature difference constraint is easily met because the evaporation and condensation of a pure compound is isothermal and even in the case of a mixture of several chemical species, the evaporation is in general within the acceptable range of temperature difference.
  • the small mass flowrate translates directly into a higher compacity of the pipe system because of the smaller diameter of the pipes needed.
  • gas has to be understood as either fully constituted of gas or mostly of gas (i.e. more than 50 % by mass) with a smaller fraction of liquid.
  • medium has to be understood as “energy transfer medium”.
  • the end-user locations may directly or indirectly be connected to the plant through the pipe system.
  • the energy transfer between the plant and the pipe system, the pipe-system and the end-user location(s), or between the end-user locations is realized by a thermodynamic transformation (e.g cooling, evaporation or condensation) of the medium in energy exchange devices (e.g. assemblies of heat exchangers, valves, sensors, etc.) at said plant and end-user locations.
  • liquid has to be used it is done: o Either by extracting it from a part of a receiver, preferably a lower part of a receiver o Or by controlling the flow of medium in a condenser, preferably using a valve, based on the level of subcooling at the outlet. Indeed, a value of subcooling high enough is an indication that the flow leaving the condenser is fully in liquid state.
  • the first main pipe is the supply pipe. It is a pressurized line inside which the medium always circulates from the plant(s) towards the end-user location(s).
  • the first main pipe acts as a supply pipe
  • the third main pipe acts as a return pipe. It is a pressurized line inside which the medium always circulates always from the end-user location(s) towards the plant(s): -
  • the pressure in all the main pipes should be equal.
  • Said pressure difference should be kept as low as possible for the sake of energy efficiency.
  • the pressure in the pipe system is controlled by pumps (or compressors) in such a way that, at every location along the pipe system and by extension at the boundaries between the end- user locations and the pipe respectively between the plant and the pipe system:
  • the pressure of the medium in the first main pipe (supply pipe) is higher than the pressure in the second main pipe.
  • the fluid in the liquid pipes is kept as close as possible to the saturated liquid or even in a slightly subcooled liquid state, while the fluid in the gas pipe is kept as close as possible to the saturated gas or even in a slightly superheated gaseous state.
  • the present invention provides a pipe configuration that allows to guarantee the energy circulation of the fluid in the system between the central plant and any end-user locations, or between at least two end-user locations. This is guaranteed by imposing the fluid direction within the supply and return liquid pipes.
  • the flow direction in the supply pipe is imposed by allowing connections only from said pipe to the inlet port at the end-user locations.
  • the flow direction in the return pipe is imposed by allowing connections only from the outlet port at the end-user locations, to said pipe.
  • the present invention also encompasses the use of a series of circuit elements to improve the reliability and energy efficiency of the circulation of the medium that comprise: - One or multiple bypass valves connected between the supply pipe and the return pipe -
  • gas traps may be located in the supply pipe and the liquid return pipe, to collect eventual gas bubbles -
  • liquid traps may be located in the second gas pipe, to collect possible drops of liquid
  • the invention also relates to the use of the thermal network as defined above, wherein when the heating requirements are higher than the cooling requirements (e.g.
  • the second main pipe gas pipe
  • the second main pipe is used as a supply pipe, and vice-versa, when the cooling requirements are higher than the heating requirements (e.g. in summer), the second main pipe is used as a return pipe.
  • the use of the three pipes according to the invention provides several advantages, in particular: ⁇ a substantial reduction in the complexity of the end-user locations, as for the most common cases, it suppresses the need for local rotating machines that are in direct contact with the medium. ⁇ a substantial reduction of the footprint of the equipment installed at the end-user locations, which greatly improves the deployment capability of such systems.
  • ⁇ a substantial reduction of the maintenance work required, as the equipment requiring heavy and/or regular maintenance work are reduced in number and concentrated in one single location (the plant).
  • ⁇ A substantially improved reliability and serviceability of the system in general as the sensitive equipment is located preferentially at the plant and not in premisses at the end- user locations that will unavoidably by more problematic to access to.
  • ⁇ monodirectional flow in liquid lines allows to ease the fluid control, avoiding consequently the risk of simultaneous pump operation (at end-user and plant sides) with opposite flow directions, responsible for potential flow instability and pumps malfunctioning/failure.
  • the thermal network comprises a plant, end-user locations 14,15 three main pipes, two of which, namely the first 11 and the third 13, respectively form a liquid supply pipe and a liquid return pipe.
  • the medium is preferably CO 2 :
  • the second main pipe 12 contains the same medium but in a gaseous state. The energy transfer is realized by evaporation/condensation of the said medium.
  • Both first and third main pipes 11, 13 are arranged and connected in a fashion such that the medium flows in a single direction between the end user locations 14, 15 and between the plant and the end user locations 14,15.
  • the second main pipe 12 is arranged and connected in a fashion such that the medium can flow indifferently in both directions in every segment connecting the end-user locations 14,15 between them, as well as those connecting the plant and end-user locations 14,15.
  • the end-user locations 14,15 are provided with any suitable technology that can: - extract the network medium from one or several lines and/or - inject the network medium into one or several lines in a thermodynamic state close to the one desired in said lines.
  • the medium is extracted from the first main pipe 11 in a thermodynamic state corresponding to that prevailing in said pipe at this location and time, ideally saturated or slightly subcooled liquid but in some cases a liquid/gas mixture at the saturation with a gas content as low as possible.
  • the medium can undergo all sorts of thermodynamic processes, the simplest of which being an evaporation in a heat exchanger device in which the flow of the medium is regulated, preferably using a valve upstream of the heat exchanger inlet, so as to guarantee that the thermodynamic state of the medium, at the outlet of the end user location corresponds to that desired in the gas pipe 12 to which said outlet is connected.
  • the desired state is saturated gas or slightly superheated gas with no liquid content.
  • the medium is extracted from the second main pipe 12 in a thermodynamic state corresponding to that prevailing in said pipe at this location and time, ideally saturated or slightly superheated gas but in some cases a liquid/gas mixture at the saturation with a gas content as high as possible.
  • the medium can undergo all sorts of thermodynamic processes, the simplest of which being the condensation in a heat exchanger device in which the flow of the medium is regulated, preferably using a valve downstream of the heat exchanger device’s outlet, so as to guarantee that the thermodynamic state of the medium, at the outlet of the end user location 15, corresponds to that desired in the third main pipe 13, to which said outlet is connected.
  • the desired state is saturated or slightly subcooled liquid with no gas content.
  • the plant includes any suitable element that allows to: - maintain pressure at suitable set points by exchanging energy with an energy source/sink, denominated “The Source”.
  • the network is arranged to ensure that the medium in the first main pipe 11 is always and everywhere at a higher pressure than that in the second main pipe 12 and the pressure in this later one always and everywhere higher than the pressure in the third pipe 13.
  • the above-mentioned pipe arrangement and their respective pressure allows for the medium to flow either from the first main pipe 11 to the second main pipe 12 or from the second main pipe 12 to the third main pipe 13, without the need of any active machine such as a pump or a compressor.
  • This provides an important benefit for the end-user locations dedicated to cooling 14, heating 15 or both.
  • it reduces the footprint of the equipment installed at said locations 14,15 as well as the operational risk link to active machines that tend to be more sensitive than passive equipment (p.ex.
  • a suitable mean must be used to either send it back to the gas line, for instance by condensing it, with an “anti-flash” condenser 7 (see figure 1)or using a dedicated compressor 4 (see figure 2).
  • the anti-flash condenser 7 can be cooled by any suitable mean. For instance, if a source cold enough is available, it can be used directly to cool down said condenser. In the absence of source at a suitable temperature for direct cooling, a heat pump apparatus 8 can be used for providing the necessary cooling to the anti-flash condenser via its cold source.
  • a combination of both direct cooling and cooling via the heat pump apparatus can be used, which would be particularly suited for cases where the temperature of the source available varies significantly over the time.
  • several devices can be incorporated in the system.
  • One or several liquid pipe bypass 18 can be installed, preferably with at least one bypass at the furthest point of the pipe system from the plant.
  • Said bypass consist in a valve, the opening of which can be fixed, manually set or automatically actuated, that connects the first main pipe 11 to the third main pipe 13. It ensures that even in absence of medium being extracted from, respectively injected into said pipes at the end-user locations 14, 15 a minimum flow of the medium is guaranteed within the network.
  • the purpose of having a minimum flow of medium guaranteed always and everywhere in the pipe system is two-fold: to ensure that the medium supplied by the first main pipe 11 at the inlet of the enduser locations 14 is always in an acceptable thermodynamic state, ideally saturated or slightly subcooled liquid, so as to allow for a start-up with no or minimal time delay of the device at the end-user location. Without this minimal flow, thermal input from the environment could evaporate the liquid in the pipe when the medium is at rest and the start-up of the equipment at end-user locations 14 would be delayed of the time needed to bring back liquid to said end-user location from the plant, via the first main pipe 11.
  • One or several gas traps 19 can be installed to collect and drain the gas bubbles that may be present in the medium flowing in the first main pipe 11. These traps could for instance be advantageously placed at locations where there is a local maximum in elevation in the network.
  • a trap comprises a receiver connected via a pipe to the Liquid Supply Pipe 11, and connected via an automatic valve to the gas pipe 12 (second main pipe). The arrangement is made in such a way as to ensure that the automatic valve will drain gas from the receiver and not liquid. During normal operation the valve is closed and gradually the receiver of the trap will fill up with the gas collected. Once the liquid level in the receiver reaches a value low enough, the automatic valve opens and drains the gas towards the gas pipe 12.
  • One or several gas traps 20 can be installed to collect and drain the gas bubbles that may be present in the medium flowing in the third main pipe 13. These traps could for instance be advantageously placed at locations where there is a local maximum in elevation in the network.
  • a trap comprises a receiver connected via automatic valves to all three main pipes of the pipe system 11, 12 and 13. The arrangement is made in such a way that the valve that connects the receiver to the second main pipe 12 will drain gas and not liquid. During normal operation the valve connecting the receiver of the trap to the pipes 11 and 12 are closed and the one connecting said receiver to the third main pipe 13 is open. In this way the receiver will gradually fill-up with gas collected from the third main pipe 13.
  • the valve that connects the receiver to the third main pipe 13 is closed, the valves that connects the receiver to the main pipes 12 and 11 are opened. Because of the higher pressure in the pipe 11 than in the pipe 12, some liquid mixture is admitted from the pipe 11 into the receiver, acting as a liquid piston that pushes out the gas from the receiver through the valve and into the second main pipe 12. Once the level of liquid in the receiver reaches a value high enough, the valves that connect it to the main pipe 11 and 12 closes back, the one that connects it to pipe 13 opens again and normal operation resumes.
  • One or several liquid traps 21 can be installed to collect and drain liquid that may be present in the medium flowing in the second main pipe 12. These traps could for instance be advantageously placed at locations where there is a local minimum in elevation in the network.
  • a trap comprises a receiver connected via a pipe to the second main pipe 12 and connected via an automatic valve to the third main pipe 13. The arrangement is made in such a way as to ensure that the automatic valve will drain liquid from the receiver and not gas. During normal operation the valve is closed and gradually the receiver of the trap will fill up with the collected liquid. Once the liquid level in the receiver reaches a value high enough, the automatic valve opens and drains the liquid towards the liquid return pipe 13. When the liquid level in the receiver of the trap reaches a value low enough the valve closes back. It is also possible to use a modulating valve commanded via a suitable control loop, to stabilize the level of liquid in the receiver at a desired value. With the latter option the drainage of the liquid would be a continuous process instead of a batch one.
  • the pump 5 In order to further increase the reliability of the system one can help the pump 5 be fed fully with liquid at its inlet (which equivalent to say that the net positive suction head available must be higher than the net positive suction head required by the pump) using a subcooling apparatus 6 located either between the low-pressure receiver 3 and the pump 5 or alternatively directly in the receiver.
  • a subcooling apparatus 6 located either between the low-pressure receiver 3 and the pump 5 or alternatively directly in the receiver.
  • Another advantage of providing subcooled liquid at the pump inlet is to reduce the necessary height difference between the bottom of the receiver and the inlet of the
  • the cooling circuit of the subcooling apparatus 6 can be fed directly if a source cold enough is available. Alternatively, it can also be fed by the cold source of heat pump apparatus 8, It may be advantageous in term of space to use the same heat pump apparatus for both the subcooling apparatus and the anti-flash condenser.
  • the heat exchangers can be connected in series or in parallel to the heat pump apparatus and/or the cooling source.
  • the waste heat discharged at its hot sink can advantageously be used to preheat the source before it enters the intermediate pressure evaporator 9a.
  • a dedicated flooded evaporator on the intermediate pressure receiver 1. It is particularly well suited since the maximum load on the anti-flash condenser 7 and subcooling apparatus 6 will occur simultaneously with the maximum demand for gas to be provided by the plant, through the second main pipe 12, to the concerned end-user locations, 15. Meaning that said discharged heat can always be fully valorised within the system.
  • the liquid from the low-pressure receiver 3 is pumped back into the intermediate pressure receiver 1 using the low-pressure liquid pump 5.
  • the anti-flash condenser 7 it is possible to use a compressor 4 that extracts the flash gas from the low-pressure receiver compress it and send it into the intermediate pressure receiver 1 or directly into the second pipe 12.
  • the liquid pump 5 is still required and the beneficial effects of having a subcooling apparatus 6 remains even in the absence of the anti-flash condenser 7.
  • the gaseous phase from the gas line and/or in the intermediate pressure receiver can be condensed 10 (the case when gas comes back to the plant from the pipe 12) or the liquid be evaporated 9a in the intermediate pressure receiver (the case when gas is sent from the plant into the pipe 12).
  • said source can either feed directly those heat exchangers or a heat pump apparatus, respectively a refrigeration apparatus 17 (see figure 3), can be used to supply said heat exchangers, thus decoupling the saturation temperature of the intermediate pressure gas in the network to that of the source.
  • the source feeding the evaporator’s heating circuit 9a can also be pre-heated in heat exchanger 9b using the heat available from the heat pump apparatus 8. In cases where the temperature of the source varies significantly over time, a combination of direct heat exchange and use of a heat pumping apparatus or a refrigeration apparatus can be realised advantageously.
  • a pump 2 is also used to extract from the intermediate pressure receiver 1, pressurise and send the liquid demanded by the end-user locations via the first main pipe 11.
  • a subcooling apparatus may also be installed for improving the performance and reliability of said pump as well as reducing the static head required. The subcooling can be imposed and the cooling be provided by means analogous to those described for the subcooling apparatus at the low pressure 6.
  • the receiver isolation valves 22 are open and the receiver flash gas purge valves 23 are closed.
  • the third main pipe 13 returns saturated liquid or even slightly subcooled, however because of pressure drops, thermal energy input from the environment and/or possible injection of medium in an inadequate thermodynamic state from end-user locations 15, it can be expected that some gas is also returned to the receiver 3. Gradually the gas will build up in said receiver until the liquid level reaches a value low enough to trigger a purge cycle by closing the isolation valves 22 and opening the purge valves 23.
  • the pressure of the low-pressure receiver 3 will rise up to that of the intermediate pressure receiver 1 and thanks to the lower density of the gas with respect to that of the liquid phase, the volume of gas in the receiver 3 will migrate through the purge valve 23 into receiver 1 and be replaced by liquid flowing down from the intermediate pressure receiver 1 into the low-pressure receiver 3.
  • the purge valves 23 close back and the isolation valve 22 reopen and normal operation can resume.
  • the flow from the third main pipe 13 and the flow through the low-pressure pump 5 are both interrupted.
  • a purge cycle analogue to the one described previously is carried out by closing the receiver isolation valve 22 and opening the purge valves 23. Once the liquid level in the top part of the low-pressure receiver 3 reaches a value high enough, valves 23 close back and the valve 22 opens up again to resume normal operation.
  • the advantage of this version of the receiver gas purge is to avoid the interruption of the flow coming from the third main pipe 13 and going to the pump 5 while also avoiding the necessity of putting aggregates in parallel as described earlier. Moreover, the number of isolation valves 22 is reduced to only one valve.
  • purge valves 23 can also be installed on pipes that link the low-pressure receiver 3 to respectively the first main pipe 11 and second main pipe 12 instead of the intermediate pressure receiver 1. This latter solution could be advantageous if it is not possible to install the intermediate pressure receiver 1 slightly above low-pressure receiver 3.
  • the invention is of course not limited to those four illustrated examples but to any alternative covered by the claims.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)

Abstract

Réseau thermique comprenant au moins une installation, au moins un emplacement d'utilisateur final (14, 15), un système de tuyaux (11-13) et un milieu contenu à l'intérieur dudit système de tuyaux (11-13), ladite installation et ledit emplacement d'utilisateur final ; ledit ou lesdits emplacement(s) d'utilisateur final (14, 15) étant relié(s) à l'installation par l'intermédiaire du système de tuyaux (11-13). Le réseau thermique selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend trois tuyaux principaux (11-13) qui sont chacun reliés à ladite ou auxdites installation(s) et dans lesquels le milieu est dans un état liquide dans les premier et troisième tuyaux principaux (11, 13) et dans un état gazeux dans le deuxième tuyau principal (12).
PCT/IB2023/058171 2022-08-15 2023-08-14 Réseau thermique à trois tuyaux WO2024038368A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22190439.4 2022-08-15
EP22190439 2022-08-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024038368A1 true WO2024038368A1 (fr) 2024-02-22

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100018668A1 (en) * 2007-02-19 2010-01-28 Daniel Favrat Co2 based district energy system
EP2868871A1 (fr) * 2013-05-10 2015-05-06 Korea Institute of Energy Research Système à chaleur et électricité combinées pour enrichissement en dioxyde de carbone de serre pourvu de tuyaux d'acheminement d'eau chaude et de dioxyde de carbone intégrés
CH712294A2 (de) 2016-03-24 2017-09-29 Meister Remo Thermisches Energieverbundsystem.
EP3835666A1 (fr) * 2019-12-13 2021-06-16 Wolfgang Jaske und Dr. Peter Wolf GbR Système de bâtiment destiné à la climatisation et à l'approvisionnement en chaleur
KR20210083768A (ko) * 2019-12-27 2021-07-07 한국에너지기술연구원 차세대 지역 냉난방 시스템

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100018668A1 (en) * 2007-02-19 2010-01-28 Daniel Favrat Co2 based district energy system
EP2122257B1 (fr) 2007-02-19 2017-04-26 Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Système d'énergie de quartier à base de co2
EP2868871A1 (fr) * 2013-05-10 2015-05-06 Korea Institute of Energy Research Système à chaleur et électricité combinées pour enrichissement en dioxyde de carbone de serre pourvu de tuyaux d'acheminement d'eau chaude et de dioxyde de carbone intégrés
CH712294A2 (de) 2016-03-24 2017-09-29 Meister Remo Thermisches Energieverbundsystem.
CH712294B1 (de) * 2016-03-24 2020-05-15 Meister Remo Thermisches Energieverbundsystem.
EP3835666A1 (fr) * 2019-12-13 2021-06-16 Wolfgang Jaske und Dr. Peter Wolf GbR Système de bâtiment destiné à la climatisation et à l'approvisionnement en chaleur
KR20210083768A (ko) * 2019-12-27 2021-07-07 한국에너지기술연구원 차세대 지역 냉난방 시스템

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