WO2024037447A1 - 反向散射通信处理方法、装置、通信设备及可读存储介质 - Google Patents

反向散射通信处理方法、装置、通信设备及可读存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024037447A1
WO2024037447A1 PCT/CN2023/112531 CN2023112531W WO2024037447A1 WO 2024037447 A1 WO2024037447 A1 WO 2024037447A1 CN 2023112531 W CN2023112531 W CN 2023112531W WO 2024037447 A1 WO2024037447 A1 WO 2024037447A1
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signal
waveform
auxiliary
transmission
main
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PCT/CN2023/112531
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姜大洁
吴建明
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维沃移动通信有限公司
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Publication of WO2024037447A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024037447A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/22Scatter propagation systems, e.g. ionospheric, tropospheric or meteor scatter
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to a backscatter communication processing method, device, communication equipment and readable storage medium.
  • the base station sends a primary signal
  • the terminal receives the primary signal and the tag reflection signal at the same time.
  • the tag reflection signal is modulated by the main signal received by the tag and the secondary signal (Secondary Signal) sent by itself.
  • secondary Signal Secondary Signal
  • multiple signals will increase the complexity of signal processing, making it difficult for the receiving end to effectively process multiple signals. Therefore, How to effectively transmit the main signal and the auxiliary signal so that the receiving end can demodulate the main signal and the auxiliary signal at the same time simply and effectively is an issue that needs to be solved urgently.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a backscatter communication processing method, device, communication equipment and readable storage medium, solving how to effectively transmit the main signal and the auxiliary signal, so that the receiving end can simply and effectively demodulate the main signal and the auxiliary signal at the same time. question.
  • a backscatter communication processing method including:
  • the first device sends first information related to backscatter communication, where the first information is used to indicate any of the following:
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single-carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • a backscatter communication processing method including:
  • the backscatter communication device receives first information related to backscatter communication, where the first information is used to indicate any one of:
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single-carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • a backscatter communication processing method including:
  • the second device receives first information related to backscatter communication, the first information indicating at least one of the following:
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single-carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • a backscatter communication processing device applied to the first device, including:
  • a first sending module configured to send first information related to backscatter communication, where the first information is used to indicate any of the following:
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single-carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • a backscatter communication processing device applied to backscatter communication equipment, including:
  • a first receiving module configured to receive first information related to backscatter communication, where the first information is used to indicate any one of:
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single-carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • a backscatter communication processing device applied to the second device, including:
  • a third receiving module configured to receive first information related to backscatter communication, where the first information is used to indicate at least one of the following:
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single-carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • a communication device including: a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored on the memory and executable on the processor.
  • the program or instruction is executed by the processor Implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect or the second aspect or the third aspect or the third aspect.
  • a readable storage medium is provided. Programs or instructions are stored on the readable storage medium. When the programs or instructions are executed by a processor, the implementation is as described in the first aspect, the second aspect, or the third aspect. steps of the method.
  • a chip in a ninth aspect, includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the Coupled with a processor, the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, the second aspect, or the third aspect.
  • a computer program/program product is provided, the computer program/program product is stored in a non-transitory storage medium, and the program/program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the first aspect Or the steps of the method described in the second or third aspect.
  • a communication system in an eleventh aspect, includes a network side device, a terminal and a backscatter communication device.
  • the network side device is configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first or third aspect.
  • the terminal is configured to perform the steps of the method described in the third aspect or the first aspect
  • the backscatter communication device is configured to perform the steps of the method described in the second aspect.
  • the transmission waveforms of the main signal and the auxiliary signal are configured through the first information, so as to realize the mutual integration and effective transmission of the main signal and the auxiliary signal, so that the receiving end can simply and effectively demodulate the main signal and the auxiliary signal at the same time.
  • Auxiliary signal to improve the transmission efficiency of symbiotic backscatter communication.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the backscatter communication transmitter
  • FIG. 1 Figure 2a, Figure 2b and Figure 2c are schematic diagrams of backscatter communication
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of Passive IoT sending and receiving scenarios
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the symbiotic backscattering main signal and auxiliary signal related to Passive IoT;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of Passive IoT symbiotic backscattering by gNB using beam forming
  • Figure 6 is one of the schematic diagrams of the backscatter communication processing method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a second schematic diagram of the backscatter communication processing method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a third schematic diagram of the backscatter communication processing method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figures 9a and 9b are modulation diagrams of the main signal and auxiliary signal in the time domain based on a single carrier
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the modulation of the main signal and auxiliary signal in the time domain based on a single carrier
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the modulation of the main signal and auxiliary signal in the frequency domain based on OFDM waveform
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the single-carrier related Tag receiving signal and transmitting signal in the time domain and frequency domain;
  • Figure 13a, Figure 13b, and Figure 13c are schematic diagrams of the gNB-Tag-UE multipath channel
  • Figure 14a, Figure 14b, and Figure 14c are schematic diagrams of single-carrier related Tag receiving signals and transmitting signals in the time domain and frequency domain;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of multi-carrier related Tag receiving signals and transmitting signals in the time domain and frequency domain;
  • Figure 16 is one of the schematic diagrams of the backscatter communication processing device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 17 is the second schematic diagram of the backscatter communication processing device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 18 is the third schematic diagram of the backscatter communication processing device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of a network side device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • first, second, etc. in the description and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein, and that "first" and “second” are distinguished objects It is usually one type, and the number of objects is not limited.
  • the first object can be one or multiple.
  • “and/or” in the description and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character “/" generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or” relationship.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-Advanced, LTE-A Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A Long Term Evolution
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • SC-FDMA Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • NR New Radio
  • BSC Backscatter Communication
  • Backscatter communication means that backscatter communication equipment uses radio frequency signals from other devices or the environment to perform signal modulation to transmit its own information.
  • the modulation circuit is shown in Figure 1.
  • the backscatter communication equipment controls the reflection coefficient ⁇ of the circuit by adjusting its internal impedance, thereby changing the amplitude, frequency, phase, etc. of the incident signal to achieve signal modulation.
  • the reflection coefficient of the signal can be characterized as:
  • the backscatter communication device can be a Backscatter in traditional Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), or a passive or semi-passive Internet of Things (Passive/Semi-passive Internet of Things) device.
  • RFID Radio Frequency Identification
  • Passive/Semi-passive Internet of Things passive/Semi-passive Internet of Things
  • backscatter communication equipment can include:
  • the backscatter communication device in traditional radio frequency identification is generally a tag (Tag), which is a passive Internet of Things (IoT) device (or called Passive-IoT) .
  • Tags with active sending capabilities can send information to readers (such as readers) without relying on reflection of incident signals.
  • the reader is a radio frequency tag reading and writing device and is one of the two important components of the radio frequency identification system (tag and reader). Radio frequency tag reading and writing equipment also has some other popular nicknames according to the specific implementation functions, such as: Reader (Reader), Interrogator (Interrogator), Communicator (Communicator), Scanner (Scanner), Reader and Writer (Reader and Writer) ), Programmer, Reading Device, Portable Readout Device, Automatic Equipment Identification Device (AEI), etc.
  • Reader Reader
  • Interrogator Interrogator
  • Communicator Communicator
  • Scanner Scanner
  • Reader and Writer Reader and Writer
  • Programmer Reading Device, Portable Readout Device, Automatic Equipment Identification Device (AEI), etc.
  • AEI Automatic Equipment Identification Device
  • the forward link budget is defined as the amount of power received by the backscatter transmitter
  • the backscatter link budget is the amount of power received by the backscatter receiver
  • Backscatter communication systems can be divided into three main types: Monostatic Backscatter Communication System (MBCS), Bistatic Backscatter Communication System (BBCS) and ambient backscatter communication system.
  • MBCS Monostatic Backscatter Communication System
  • BBCS Bistatic Backscatter Communication System
  • ambient backscatter communication system ambient backscatter communication system.
  • Ambient Backscatter Communication System as shown in Figure 2a, Figure 2b and Figure 2c.
  • bistatic backscatter communication is generally considered in Passive IoT signal transmission scenarios.
  • the typical node base station the next Generation Node B, gNB
  • terminals such as user equipment (User Equipment, UE)
  • passive IoT devices ie, Tag
  • Scenario-1 gNB sends the primary signal (Primary Signal), and the UE receives the primary signal and the Tag reflection signal at the same time.
  • the Tag reflection signal is modulated by the main signal received by the Tag and the auxiliary signal (Secondary Signal) sent by itself, where the main signal is represented by x[n] and the auxiliary signal is represented by B[m].
  • Scenario-2 UE sends the main signal, and gNB receives the main signal and the Tag reflection signal at the same time.
  • the Tag reflection signal is modulated by the main signal received by the Tag and the auxiliary signal sent by itself, where the main signal is represented by x[n] and the auxiliary signal is represented by B[m].
  • Scenario-2 and Scenario-1 can be summarized as the same scenario, and the implementation of Scenario-2 is similar to that of Scenario-1, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the sending end can be gNB or UE
  • the receiving end can be the corresponding UE or gNB.
  • Tx is unified as gNB
  • h 2 is the channel response from gNB to UE
  • h 3 is the channel response from gNB reflected to UE through Tag
  • n and m are the indexes of the main signal and auxiliary signal symbols respectively
  • n 0,1,...,NM -1
  • m 0,1,...,M-1
  • M is the number of symbols of the auxiliary signal
  • N is the number of main signals in each modulated auxiliary signal, which is named the auxiliary signal modulation block, as shown in Figure 4.
  • the main signal x[n] can be transmitted through Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (Time Division Multiple Access, TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM) and other waveform transmission.
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • the UE receiving end needs to detect the main signal x[n] and the auxiliary signal B[m].
  • the UE receiving end generally uses coherent reception algorithms, which can be divided into the following types, namely, Maximum-Likelihood (ML) detection algorithm, linear detection algorithm (Linear Detector) and serial interference cancellation (Successive Interference Cancellation). SIC) detection algorithm.
  • ML Maximum-Likelihood
  • Linear Detector linear detection algorithm
  • SIC serial interference cancellation
  • gNB knows the direction or location of the Tag, gNB can use the beamforming method to achieve Passive IoT signal transmission, as shown in Figure 5.
  • the signal received by the UE after beamforming, y[n] can be approximated as: y[n] ⁇ h 3 B[m]x[n]+w[n]
  • the terminal involved in this application may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Tablet Personal Computer), a laptop computer (Laptop Computer), or a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA), a palmtop computer, a netbook, or a super mobile personal computer.
  • Tablet Personal Computer Tablet Personal Computer
  • laptop computer laptop computer
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • palmtop computer a netbook
  • super mobile personal computer a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Tablet Personal Computer), a laptop computer (Laptop Computer), or a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA), a palmtop computer, a netbook, or a super mobile personal computer.
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • the network-side equipment involved in this application may include access network equipment or core network equipment.
  • the access network equipment may also be called wireless access network equipment, Radio Access Network (RAN), or wireless access network. function or radio access network unit.
  • Access network equipment can include base stations, Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) access points or WiFi nodes, etc.
  • the base station can be called Node B, Evolved Node B (eNB), access point, base station, etc.
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • BSS Basic Service Set
  • ESS Extended Service Set
  • home B-node home evolved B-node
  • TRP Transmitting Receiving Point
  • the base station is not limited to specific technical terms. It should be noted that in the embodiment of this application, only The base station in the NR system is taken as an example for introduction, and the specific type of base station is not limited.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a backscatter communication processing method, which is applied to a first device.
  • the first device can also be called a sending end.
  • the first device can be a network side device or a terminal.
  • the specific steps include : Step 601.
  • Step 601 The first device sends first information related to backscatter communication, where the first information is used to indicate any of the following: (1) the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single-carrier (Single-Carrier) signal waveform, The transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform; (2) the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform; (3) the transmission waveform of the main signal is Multi-carrier signal waveform, the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform; (4) The transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform.
  • the first information is used to indicate any of the following: (1) the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single-carrier (Single-Carrier) signal waveform, The transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform;
  • auxiliary signal may also be called a secondary signal.
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal can be effectively selected and designed according to the transmission waveform of the main signal, such as a single carrier signal waveform or a multi-carrier signal waveform.
  • the method further includes:
  • the auxiliary signal When the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform, or when the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform, the auxiliary signal When the transmission waveform is a single carrier signal waveform, the first device sets a reference signal in each modulation block in the time domain signal related to the main signal.
  • the method further includes:
  • the auxiliary signal When the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform, or when the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform, the auxiliary signal When the transmission waveform is a multi-carrier signal waveform, the first device modulates each modulation block in the frequency domain signal related to the main signal. Set the reference signal in .
  • the length of the reference signal is determined by the maximum length of the multipath channel between the first device and the backscatter communication device.
  • the length of the reference signal in each modulation block is (K+d) ⁇
  • K and d is an integer greater than or equal to 1
  • d represents the number of effective reference signals
  • is the delay path difference between the second delay path and the first delay path of the multipath channel.
  • the modulation block is composed of minimum communication transmission time domain resource elements or frequency domain resource elements.
  • the minimum communication transmission frequency domain resource element is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM subcarrier.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first device sends the main signal, and the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform or a multi-carrier signal waveform.
  • the first device includes a network side device or a terminal.
  • the main signal is a signal sent by the first device
  • the auxiliary signal is a signal sent by the backscatter communication device.
  • the transmission waveforms of the main signal and the auxiliary signal are configured through the first information, so as to realize the mutual integration and effective transmission of the main signal and the auxiliary signal, so that the receiving end can simply and effectively demodulate the main signal and the auxiliary signal at the same time.
  • Auxiliary signal to improve the transmission efficiency of symbiotic backscatter communication.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a backscatter communication processing method, which is applied to a backscatter communication device, such as a Tag.
  • the specific steps include: step 701.
  • Step 701 The backscatter communication device receives first information related to backscatter communication, where the first information is used to indicate any one of:
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single-carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single-carrier signal waveform;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the method further includes:
  • the backscatter communication device receives a main signal from the first device, and the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform or a multi-carrier signal waveform;
  • the backscatter communication device determines the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal based on the first information
  • the backscatter communication device modulates the main signal and the auxiliary signal to obtain a backscatter signal
  • the backscatter communication device sends the backscatter signal to a second device.
  • the backscatter communication device determines the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal based on the first information, including:
  • the backscatter communication device determines the auxiliary device according to the first information, the capability of the backscatter communication device and/or the channel type between the backscatter communication device and the second device.
  • the transmission waveform of the signal is the first information, the capability of the backscatter communication device and/or the channel type between the backscatter communication device and the second device.
  • the backscatter communication device modulates the main signal and the auxiliary signal to obtain a backscatter signal, including:
  • the backscatter communication device performs time domain modulation according to the time domain signal and the auxiliary signal related to the main signal to obtain the backscatter signal;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the backscatter communication device performs time domain modulation according to the time domain signal and the auxiliary signal related to the main signal to obtain the backscatter signal, including:
  • the backscatter communication device inserts a reference signal into each time domain modulation block in the time domain signal related to the main signal to obtain a target time domain signal;
  • the backscatter communication device performs time domain modulation on the target time domain signal and the auxiliary signal to obtain a backscatter signal
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the length of the reference signal is determined by the maximum length of the multipath channel between the first device and the backscatter communication device;
  • the length of the reference signal is greater than or equal to the difference between the shortest delay path and the longest delay path of a first multipath channel, the first multipath channel including the first device and the backscatter communication device. Multipath channels, and multipath channels between the backscatter communications device and the second device.
  • the backscatter communication device performs time domain modulation based on the time domain signal and the auxiliary signal related to the main signal to obtain the backscatter signal, including:
  • the backscatter communication device inserts a cyclic prefix (CP) into the time domain signal related to the main signal to obtain a target time domain signal;
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • the backscatter communication device performs time domain modulation on the target time domain signal and the auxiliary signal to obtain a backscatter signal
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single-carrier signal waveform
  • the length of the auxiliary signal is an integer multiple of the OFDM symbol length.
  • the length of the cyclic prefix CP is greater than or equal to the sum of the first value and the second value
  • the first value is equal to the shortest delay of the multipath channel between the first device and the backscatter communication device.
  • the second value is equal to the difference between the shortest delay path and the longest delay path of the multipath channel between the backscatter communication device and the second device.
  • the backscatter communication device modulates the main signal and the auxiliary signal to obtain a backscatter signal, including:
  • the backscatter communication device performs frequency domain modulation according to the frequency domain signal and the auxiliary signal related to the main signal to obtain the backscatter signal;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is Multi-carrier signal waveform.
  • the backscatter communication device performs frequency domain modulation according to the frequency domain signal and the auxiliary signal related to the main signal to obtain the backscatter signal, including:
  • the backscatter communication equipment performs discrete Fourier transform DFT processing and cyclic prefix CP removal processing on the frequency domain signal related to the main signal to obtain the target frequency domain signal;
  • the backscatter communication device inserts a reference signal and a new cyclic prefix CP into the target frequency domain signal, and modulates the auxiliary signal to obtain a backscatter signal.
  • the main signal is a signal sent by the first device
  • the auxiliary signal is a signal sent by the backscatter communication device.
  • the transmission waveforms of the main signal and the auxiliary signal are configured through the first information, so as to realize the mutual integration and effective transmission of the main signal and the auxiliary signal, so that the receiving end (ie, the second device) can simply and effectively Simultaneously demodulates the main signal and the auxiliary signal to improve the transmission efficiency of symbiotic backscatter communication.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a backscatter communication processing method, which is applied to a second device.
  • the second device can also be called a receiving end.
  • the second device can include a terminal or a network side device. Specific steps include: Step 801.
  • Step 801 The second device receives first information related to backscatter communication, where the first information is used to indicate at least one of the following:
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single-carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single-carrier signal waveform;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the method further includes:
  • the second device receives the main signal from the first device, and the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform or a multi-carrier signal waveform.
  • the method further includes:
  • the second device receives a backscattered signal from a backscattered communication device, where the backscattered signal is modulated by the main signal and the auxiliary signal.
  • the second device can process the backscattered signal according to the first information, and demodulate the main signal and the auxiliary signal.
  • the second device can process the backscattered signal according to the first information, and demodulate the main signal and the auxiliary signal.
  • the main signal is a signal sent by the first device
  • the auxiliary signal is a signal sent by the backscatter communication device.
  • the method may further include: step 802 and step 803 (not shown in the figure).
  • Step 802 The second device acquires the main signal, and performs coherent demodulation and decoding on the main signal according to the reference signal in the main signal to obtain data in the main signal.
  • the main signal includes M modulations.
  • each modulation block includes K first reference signals, 1 ⁇ K ⁇ N, N is the number of resource units included in each modulation block, K is a positive integer, N ⁇ 2, and M and N is a positive integer.
  • Step 803 The second device acquires the symbiotic backscatter modulation block, performs coherent demodulation processing on the symbiotic backscatter modulation block according to the main signal, and obtains data in the auxiliary signal, and M is a positive integer.
  • the co-occurring backscatter modulation block includes a modulated auxiliary signal and a noise signal.
  • the main signal can be obtained first and then the symbiotic backscattering modulation block can be obtained, or the symbiotic backscattering modulation block can be obtained first and then the main signal can be obtained, or the main signal and the symbiotic backscattering modulation block can be obtained at the same time. Scattering modulation block.
  • the main signal when processing the signal, the main signal is first demodulated, and then the symbiotic backscattering modulation block is demodulated according to the demodulated main signal.
  • the second device can simply and effectively perform coherent demodulation and decoding processing on the primary signal based on the reference signal in the primary signal, and can further demodulate the secondary signal based on the demodulated data of the primary signal. This achieves the purpose of simply demodulating the main signal and the auxiliary signal in the symbiotic backscattered communication signal.
  • perform coherent demodulation and decoding on the main signal according to the reference signal in the main signal to obtain the data in the main signal including:
  • the channel decoder performs bit decoding processing on the main signal estimated value to obtain data in the main signal (ie, main signal data bit information).
  • the modulated auxiliary signal is obtained by modulating M auxiliary signals by a main signal, and the M auxiliary signals include a second reference signal, or include two with the same length and opposite phases. second reference signal;
  • Perform coherent demodulation processing on the modulated secondary signal according to the primary signal to obtain data in the secondary signal including:
  • the processed co-occurring back-scattering modulation block is coherently demodulated according to the second reference signal in the processed co-occurring back-scattering modulation block to obtain data in the auxiliary signal.
  • the transmission waveforms of the main signal and the auxiliary signal are configured through the first information to realize the main
  • the mutual integration and effective transmission of the signal and the auxiliary signal enable the receiving end (i.e. the second device) to demodulate the main signal and the auxiliary signal at the same time simply and effectively, improving the transmission efficiency of symbiotic backscatter communication.
  • This application mainly realizes the mutual integration and effective transmission of the main signal and the auxiliary signal through the design of the symbiotic backscattering communication signal waveform.
  • the main signal transmission of symbiotic backscatter communication can use a single carrier signal waveform or a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the auxiliary signal transmission of symbiotic backscatter communication can be based on the transmission waveform of the main signal. Effectively design your own transmission waveforms.
  • the auxiliary signal may use a single carrier signal waveform.
  • This carrier signal waveform of the auxiliary signal can ensure the performance of the receiving end in a single-path channel scenario.
  • the receiving end can only use the channel path with the highest signal strength as a time reference point to demodulate the symbiotic backscattered communication signal during the demodulation process, the signals on other channel paths can only be It is considered as an interference signal, so the demodulation performance cannot be guaranteed.
  • the main signal uses a multi-carrier Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signal waveform
  • the auxiliary signal also uses a multi-carrier OFDM signal waveform.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • the backscattering communication equipment first eliminates the influence of the multipath channel, then modulates the auxiliary signal in the frequency domain, and finally adds the cyclic prefix CP, and modulates the reverse scattering signal. The scattered signal is reflected.
  • the advantage of using the OFDM carrier signal waveform to modulate the symbiotic backscatter communication signal is to effectively combat the multipath fading effect, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the symbiotic backscatter communication.
  • this application mainly describes centralized symbiotic backscatter communication, but the technology in this application can be extended to other scenarios, such as separated symbiotic backscatter communication.
  • Embodiment 1 Symbiotic backscatter communication carrier carrying method
  • the relationship between the carrier bearer configuration of gNB (or UE) and the carrier bearer configuration of Tag is shown in Table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, there are not many restrictions on the combination of carrier bearer configurations, but from an implementation perspective, the consistency of the carrier bearer configuration relationships is different.
  • the tag's carrier bearer configuration can depend on the single carrier bearer (i.e., carrier bearer option one) or on multi-carrier bearer (i.e., carrier bearer option two).
  • the tag's carrier bearer configuration can rely on either a single carrier bearer (ie, carrier bearer option three) or multiple carrier bearers (ie, carrier bearer option four).
  • means that the carrier bearer configuration relationship between gNB (or UE) and Tag is the most consistent.
  • means that the carrier bearer configuration relationship between gNB (or UE) and Tag can be adopted, but it is not the optimal pairing.
  • Tag selection carrier bearer option depends on the carrier bearer configured by gNB (or UE) for the main signal.
  • the allowed capacity of Tag is relatively low and the channel characteristics are based on LoS channel (i.e., single When the path channel is the main one, Tag selects carrier bearer option one or carrier bearer option three.
  • the tag's allowable capability is relatively high and the channel characteristics are mainly NLoS channels (ie, multipath channels)
  • the tag can choose carrier bearer option two or carrier bearer option four.
  • the gNB (or UE) as the receiving end needs to be equipped with a highly complex equalizer to demodulate the co-occurring backscatter signals of the multipath channel. This situation generally applies to QoS services with relatively low requirements.
  • the gNB (or UE) as the receiving end only needs to be equipped with a single-order equalizer (Single Tap Equalization) to demodulate the multipath channel through OFDM to counteract the characteristics of the multipath channel.
  • Symbiotic backscatter signals to provide overall symbiotic backscatter communications performance. This situation is generally for QoS services with relatively high requirements.
  • Table 1 Carrier bearer configuration relationship between gNB (or UE) and Tag.
  • Embodiment 2 Symbiotic backscattering communication signal waveform design for carrier bearer option one and carrier bearer option three
  • the main signal x[n] carries modulation symbols based on quadrature amplitude modulation (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, QAM) through a single carrier or multi-carrier transmission waveform, while the auxiliary signal B[m] is transmitted through a single carrier Or multi-carrier transmission waveforms carry modulation symbols based on Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK).
  • QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
  • BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying
  • the auxiliary signal can also carry QAM-based modulation symbols, but considering the complexity limit allowed by Tag (or Backscatter Device) in Passive IoT applications, the technical description in this application is mainly It is carried out using BPSK modulation method. However, all techniques involved in this application can be easily extended for all modulation methods, such as On-Off Keying (OOK), QAM, etc.
  • OOK On-Off Keying
  • Figures 9a and 9b show modulation diagrams of the main signal and the auxiliary signal in the time domain based on a single carrier.
  • the main signal x[n] is composed of a time domain modulation block (Modulation Block) with a length of N.
  • Each modulation block is composed of a minimum communication transmission time domain resource element, such as a single carrier pulse (Pulse),
  • the time domain modulation block N 4 as shown in Figure 9a and Figure 9b.
  • the main signal x[n] is sent from gNB, received by Tag, and modulated by BPSK to generate an auxiliary signal waveform, and finally backscattered.
  • the size of the modulation block N can be notified to the UE by the gNB through Layer 1 (Layer 1, L1) signaling or Medium Access Control-Control Element (MAC-CE) signaling, or it can Configure through Radio Resource Control (RRC).
  • Layer 1 Layer 1, L1
  • MAC-CE Medium Access Control-Control Element
  • the transmission waveform used for the main signal can be a single-carrier signal waveform or a multi-carrier signal waveform, but the backscattered transmission waveform for the auxiliary signal is a single-carrier signal waveform.
  • carrier bearer option one and carrier bearer option three are backscatter transmission single carrier signal waveforms.
  • gNB sends the main signal on the single-path channel. After delay ⁇ , the Tag receives and modulates the auxiliary signal. number, and finally backscatter the time domain modulated signal to the UE.
  • the gNB sends the main signal on the multipath channel.
  • the Tag receives and modulates the auxiliary signal, and finally backscatters the time domain modulated signal to the UE.
  • the delay difference between the first path and the first delay path of the multipath channel is ⁇ , which is the same as the pulse length of a single carrier and is considered as the granularity of the multipath channel.
  • the main signal x(t) is sent from gNB and received by Tag, and can be expressed as h 1,l x(t- ⁇ 1,l ).
  • the auxiliary signal is modulated on the received signal h 1,l x (t- ⁇ 1,l ), where h 1,l is the l-th multipath channel response (Channel Response) from gNB to Tag, ⁇ 1,l is the l-th multipath channel delay.
  • the received signal h 1,l x(t) is used as a communication propagation carrier to transmit the auxiliary signal B[m]. Therefore, the single-carrier backscattered signal of the auxiliary signal can be expressed as formula (1):
  • p T (t) is the pulse waveform of the backscattered signal
  • L 1 is the number of channel multipaths from gNB to Tag
  • ⁇ 1,l is the lth path delay of the channel multipath from gNB to Tag
  • n and m are the indices of the main signal and auxiliary signal symbols respectively
  • w(t) is the additive white Gaussian Noise (AWGN) noise.
  • AWGN additive white Gaussian Noise
  • x(t) is a time domain signal, which may be a single carrier signal waveform or a multi-carrier signal waveform (eg, OFDM waveform).
  • the modulation method of the main signal and auxiliary signal in the time domain based on a single carrier can only be used when the number of channel multipaths is relatively small (such as line of sight (LoS) ), and the delay difference between different multipaths is relatively small. If it is a non-line of sight (NLoS) scenario and the delay difference between different multipaths is relatively large, the UE will not be able to The complete reference signal is acquired, making it impossible to demodulate the main signal data. Therefore, in the NLoS scenario, the length of the reference signal needs to be lengthened, for example, effectively configured according to the maximum length of the multipath channel.
  • LoS line of sight
  • the length of the reference signal in each modulation block is (K+d) ⁇ , that is, the reference signal occupies K+d pulses of a single carrier, or K +d OFDM samples, where d is the number of valid reference signals, an integer greater than or equal to 1, that is, d ⁇ 1.
  • Tag determines the time point of modulation of the auxiliary signal, and modulates the auxiliary signal on the received main signal.
  • Tag is a time-modulated auxiliary signal based on the first delay path of the multipath channel. Since the second delay path and the first delay path of the multipath channel differ by ⁇ , the signal from gNB to Tag is inverted by the modulation phase of the Tag auxiliary signal, The validity of the reference signal is reduced by half, that is, only one reference signal pulse is considered by the UE as a valid reference signal.
  • the UE can eliminate the phase of the auxiliary signal on the received signal based on the effective reference signal, and then effectively demodulate the data information of the main signal through receiving algorithms such as equalizers.
  • the modulation of the main signal is based on a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the auxiliary signal when the auxiliary signal is directly modulated in the time domain, the multipath channel from the gNB to the Tag will be flipped due to the phase of some OFDM samples in the OFDM symbol.
  • the signal from the Tag to the UE is also a multipath channel, so the channel frequency selectivity (Channel Frequency Selectivity) of the backscattered signal through the Tag is expanded, and the orthogonality of the OFDM signal of the main signal is destroyed. Therefore, to maintain the orthogonality of the OFDM signal of the primary signal, the length of the secondary signal must be an integer multiple of the OFDM symbol length.
  • the length of the cyclic prefix CP is at least equal to K 1 ⁇ + K 2 ⁇ , where K 1 ⁇ is the difference between the shortest delay path and the longest delay path of the Tag-UE multipath channel, and K 2 ⁇ is the Tag-UE multipath channel. The difference between the shortest delay path and the longest delay path of the path channel.
  • the length of the reference signal is at least equal to the difference between the shortest delay path and the longest delay path of the gNB-Tag-UE composite multipath channel.
  • the reference signal is at least equal to (K 1 +K 2 ) ⁇ , that is, the length of the configuration reference signal is K 1 +K 2 +d pulse length of a single carrier, where d is the number of valid reference signals, and d is greater than or equal to An integer of 1, that is, d ⁇ 1.
  • Tag can effectively select a single carrier signal waveform, that is, carrier bearing option one, or carrier Bearing option three.
  • Embodiment 3 Symbiotic backscattering communication signal waveform design for carrier bearer option two and carrier bearer option four
  • Multi-carrier signal waveforms eg, OFDM waveforms
  • BPSK modulation and backscatter on the auxiliary signal B[m] BPSK modulation and backscatter on the auxiliary signal B[m].
  • the multi-carrier signal waveform used by the main signal is an OFDM waveform. That is, carrier carrying option four as shown in Table 1.
  • carrier bearer option two although the main signal is sent using a single carrier, the cyclic prefix CP is inserted into the time domain signal, so the symbiotic backscatter communication signal waveform design and carrier bearer option four It can also be modulated in the frequency domain. It is not explained in detail in this application.
  • the advantage of using the OFDM waveform to perform BPSK modulation and backscattering on the auxiliary signal B[m] is that it can effectively combat the multipath fading effect, thereby improving the UE's reception performance of the backscattered signal.
  • Figure 11 shows the modulation diagram of the main signal and auxiliary signal in the frequency domain based on OFDM carrier.
  • the received main signal is a time domain signal with an OFDM waveform.
  • Tag receives the OFDM time domain signal h 1,l x(t- ⁇ 1,l ), and converts the time domain signal into a frequency domain signal.
  • the converted received frequency domain signal is expressed as formula (2):
  • the frequency domain main signal X[q] is divided by modulation blocks of length N.
  • Each modulation block is composed of minimum communication transmission frequency domain resource elements, such as OFDM subcarriers (OFDM Carrier).
  • Tag converts the frequency domain signal X B [q] into a time domain signal x B [t] through the IDFT operation, which is expressed as formula (4):
  • the OFDM time domain signal x B (t) is backscattered by the Tag to the UE.
  • the Tag is processed through DFT and the cyclic prefix CP removal process is performed, the impact of multipath on the channel from gNB to Tag is eliminated first. Then, the auxiliary signal is modulated by the OFDM waveform, and then the cyclic prefix CP is added for IDFT processing. Therefore, when the UE demodulates the main signal, the impact of the overall channel multipath can be completely eliminated, thereby effectively combating the multipath fading effect. Improve the UE's reception performance of backscattered signals.
  • Embodiment 4 Single-carrier signal demodulation method
  • the single-carrier signal demodulation method is performed by selecting carrier bearer option one and carrier bearer option three.
  • Tag does not need to be processed by DFT and IDFT.
  • the signal modulation of Tag is directly processed in the time domain on the received main signal, so the complexity of Tag is relatively low.
  • This symbiotic backscattering method can be viewed as an instant symbiotic backscattering system.
  • the symbiotic backscattered multi-carrier signal y(t) received by the UE is expressed as formula (5):
  • L 2 is the number of channel multipaths from gNB to UE
  • L 3 is the number of channel multipaths from Tag to UE
  • ⁇ 2,l is the lth multipath channel response from gNB to UE
  • ⁇ 3,l is the l-th multipath channel response from Tag to UE
  • w[t] is the AWGN noise.
  • the symbiotic backscattered multi-carrier signal received by the UE No. y(t) is approximated as formula (6):
  • h 2 is the channel response from gNB to Tag
  • h 3 is the channel response from Tag to UE.
  • n 2,3,...,N.
  • the UE is able to demodulate the main signal data symbols
  • the channel decoder (Channel Decoder) is used to decode the bit information of the main signal and obtain the main signal data bit information.
  • the estimated main signal and the copied main signal symbol is different.
  • the former has a higher bit error rate, while the latter usually has a very low bit error rate due to channel decoding gain.
  • auxiliary signals For the demodulation of auxiliary signals, for every M auxiliary signals, two adjacent reference signals with the same length (length P) but opposite phases are inserted, where P is an integer, 1 ⁇ P ⁇ M/2.
  • P is an integer, 1 ⁇ P ⁇ M/2.
  • the UE can simply obtain the following signal:
  • the UE can simply obtain the following signal:
  • the UE can obtain the channel responses h 2 and h 3 .
  • the channel coding gain can be improved by reducing the code rate (Code Rate) of the main signal data symbols.
  • the demodulation performance of the auxiliary signal data symbols can be improved by selecting a larger modulation block N value to increase the processing gain (Processing Gain).
  • gNB uses beamforming to transmit the main signal, since the link gain from gNB to UE is small enough to be ignored, only the reference signal needs to be inserted into the first P symbol for each M auxiliary signal. It is possible to effectively demodulate the auxiliary signal data symbol B[m].
  • Embodiment 5 Demodulation method for multi-carrier signals
  • the multi-carrier signal demodulation method is performed by selecting carrier bearer option two or carrier bearer option four.
  • Figure 11 shows the modulation process of the main signal (including the reference signal) and the auxiliary signal in the frequency domain based on the multi-carrier signal waveform.
  • gNB sends the main signal x[n], which is received by Tag.
  • Tag first performs DFT operation on the received signal h 1,l x(t), so that the time domain signal is converted into the frequency domain signal X[q]. Then, BPSK modulation is performed on the auxiliary signal data symbols in the frequency domain to generate the auxiliary signal multi-carrier signal waveform, and IDFT operation is performed, and finally backscattering is performed.
  • Tag modulates the multi-carrier signal waveform of the auxiliary signal data symbols mainly to combat the multipath fading effect.
  • auxiliary signal data symbols For symbiotic backscattered multi-carrier signals (such as OFDM signals), Tags need to be processed by DFT and IDFT, so the complexity of Tags is relatively high.
  • the processing time delay of DFT and IDFT is at least one OFDM symbol length, this symbiotic backscattering method can be regarded as a non-instantaneous symbiotic backscattering system.
  • the symbiotic backscattered multi-carrier signal y(t) received by the UE is expressed as formula (14):
  • L 2 is the number of channel multipaths from gNB to UE
  • L 3 is the number of channel multipaths from Tag to UE
  • ⁇ 2,l is the number of channel multipaths from gNB
  • x B (t) is the single-carrier backscatter signal of the auxiliary signal in formula (4) Definition
  • w[t] is the AWGN noise
  • T Proc is the total processing time of the DFT and IDFT of the received signal at the Tag receiving end.
  • the symbiotic backscattered multi-carrier signal y(t) received by the UE receiving end is approximated as formula (15):
  • the UE receiving end demodulates the frequency domain main signal X[q] and the frequency domain main signal B[m], and briefly considers that the gNB uses an omnidirectional antenna to transmit the main signal. For the sake of simplicity, the total processing time T Proc of the DFT and IDFT of the received signal at the Tag receiving end is set to zero. In addition, if it is considered that the gNB uses an omnidirectional antenna to transmit the main signal, the UE receiving end knows the first OFDM symbol in advance. Therefore, the UE receiving end can effectively eliminate the received signal items of the gNB-UE link before detecting X[q] and B[m].
  • the UE is able to demodulate the main signal data symbols
  • the channel decoder (Channel Decoder) is used to decode the bit information of the main signal and obtain the main signal data bit information.
  • the estimated main signal It is different from the copied main signal symbol X[q].
  • the former has a higher bit error rate, while the latter usually has a very low bit error rate due to channel decoding gain.
  • auxiliary signals For the demodulation of auxiliary signals, for every M auxiliary signals, two adjacent reference signals with the same length (length P) but opposite phases are inserted, where P is an integer, 1 ⁇ P ⁇ M/2.
  • Tag modulates the backscattered data symbol B[m].
  • the UE can simply average the P symbols and obtain the following signal:
  • the UE can simply perform an average calculation on the P symbol to obtain the following signal:
  • the UE can obtain the channel responses H 2 and H 3 .
  • the channel coding gain can be improved by reducing the code rate (ie, Code Rate) of the main signal data symbols.
  • the demodulation performance of the auxiliary signal data symbols can be improved by selecting a larger modulation block N value to increase the processing gain (Processing Gain).
  • gNB uses beamforming to transmit the main signal, since the link gain from gNB to UE is small enough to be ignored, only the reference signal needs to be inserted into the first P symbol for each M auxiliary signal. It is possible to effectively demodulate the auxiliary signal data symbol B[m].
  • Embodiment 6 Single carrier-related Tag receiving and transmitting signals
  • Tag can effectively choose the method that the auxiliary signal length is an integer multiple of the OFDM symbol length, and effectively utilize OFDM
  • the cyclic prefix CP function reduces the burden of time domain reference signals and improves the transmission efficiency of symbiotic backscatter communication.
  • Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of modulation based on OFDM carrier main signal and single carrier auxiliary signal.
  • the length of the auxiliary signal is equal to the OFDM symbol length, and the OFDM symbol length is 9 (including the cyclic prefix CP of length one).
  • the number of multipath channels is 2, and the delay difference between two multipaths is one OFDM sample.
  • Tag can modulate the auxiliary signal on the received time domain main signal.
  • the auxiliary signal modulation time is the first path delay of the aligned multipath channel or the last path delay of the aligned multipath channel.
  • the modulation time of the auxiliary signal is aligned with the first path delay of the multipath channel. Modulating the auxiliary signal by the main signal in the time domain will invert the phase of the main signal. However, the UE receiving end will remove the cyclic prefix CP before performing DFT. Therefore, the phase inversion of the secondary signal to the main signal can be regarded as the phase of the multipath channel and will not have any impact on the data demodulation of the main signal.
  • the channel from Tag to UE is assumed to be a single-path channel.
  • the cyclic prefix CP length of the main signal must consider the total maximum multipath channel delay length from gNB to Tag and then to UE.
  • Figure 13a shows the two-path channel of gNB-Tag, where the 2-path delay difference is one OFDM sample, that is, ⁇ ;
  • Figure 13b shows the two-path channel of Tag-UE, where the 2-path delay difference is two OFDM sample, i.e., 2 ⁇ ;
  • shown in Figure 13c is the gNB-Tag-UE synthetic multipath channel.
  • the OFDM length of the main signal sent from the gNB is 13, including the cyclic prefix CP length. Since the difference between the shortest delay path and the longest delay path of the gNB-Tag-UE synthetic multipath channel is 3 ⁇ , the cyclic prefix CP length of the main signal is set to at least 3 OFDM sample lengths. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 14a, the OFDM-CP length of the main signal is set to 3 OFDM samples.
  • the main signal sent from gNB is received by Tag through the gNB-Tag multipath channel shown in Figure 13a, and the Tag's auxiliary signal is modulated on the received signal, as shown in Figure As shown in 14a. It is worth noting that the length of the auxiliary signal is equal to the OFDM symbol length.
  • the signal modulated by the Tag auxiliary signal is reflected by the Tag, passes through the Tag-UE multipath channel shown in Figure 13b, and is received by the UE, as shown in Figure 14b. After the UE removes the cyclic prefix CP from the OFDM symbol, it obtains the main signal demodulated signal, as shown in Figure 14c.
  • the main signal demodulated signal shown in Figure 14c is a signal with circular function characteristics, and the Tag auxiliary signal does not have any influence on it. Therefore, the UE can remove the impact of multipath channels through DFT operations.
  • very short OFDM symbols can be selected so that the auxiliary signal transmission rate can be increased.
  • the cyclic prefix CP of the maximum multipath channel delay length of the gNB-Tag-UE synthetic multipath channel must be inserted into the OFDM symbol, the transmission rate of the main signal may not be improved.
  • auxiliary signal is at least equal to the length of the main signal, so the data transfer rate of the auxiliary signal cannot be improved.
  • the length of the main signal and the auxiliary signal can be determined according to the service-related QoS of the two signals. Configure efficiently.
  • Embodiment 7 Multi-carrier related Tag receiving signals and sending signals
  • This embodiment is about the modulation processing process for the main signal received signal and the generated backscattered signal.
  • the main signal is modulated by an OFDM waveform
  • the auxiliary signal is also modulated by an OFDM waveform. That is, the carrier signal waveform selected in this embodiment belongs to carrier bearing option four.
  • Figure 15 shows the received signals at four different signal points.
  • the time domain main signal sent by Tag receiving gNB can be expressed as formula (23):
  • p T (t) is the pulse waveform of the backscattered signal
  • L 1 is the number of channel multipaths from gNB to Tag
  • ⁇ 1,l is the lth path delay of the channel multipath from gNB to Tag
  • w r (t) is the AWGN noise.
  • the frequency domain signal can be expressed as formula (24):
  • P T [q] is the waveform of the backscattered signal in the frequency domain, is the base function (i.e., Floor Function).
  • Tag At the modulation end point 4 of Tag, Tag finally re-adds the cyclic prefix CP to the frequency domain signal, and converts the frequency domain signal X B [q] into a time domain signal X B [t] through IDFT operation, which is expressed as formula (26 ):
  • OFDM time domain signal x B (t) is backscattered by Tag to UE.
  • the Tag is processed through DFT and the cyclic prefix CP removal process is performed, the impact of multipath on the channel from gNB to Tag is eliminated first. Then, the auxiliary signal is modulated by the OFDM waveform, and then the cyclic prefix CP is added for IDFT processing. Therefore, when the UE demodulates the main signal, the impact of the overall channel multipath can be completely eliminated, and no interference will be generated at the receiving end. signal, thereby effectively combating multipath fading effects and improving the UE’s response to reflections. Receiving performance of scattered signals.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a backscatter communication processing device applied to a first device.
  • the device 1600 includes:
  • the first sending module 1601 is used to send first information related to backscatter communication, where the first information is used to indicate any of the following:
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single-carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single-carrier signal waveform;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the device 1600 further includes:
  • the first configuration module is used when the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform, or when the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform.
  • Signal waveform when the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform, a reference signal is set in each modulation block in the time domain signal related to the main signal.
  • the device 1600 further includes:
  • the second configuration module is used when the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform, or when the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal.
  • Waveform when the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform, a reference signal is set in each modulation block in the frequency domain signal related to the main signal.
  • the length of the reference signal is determined by the maximum length of the multipath channel between the first device and the backscatter communication device.
  • the length of the reference signal in each modulation block is (K+d) ⁇
  • K and d is an integer greater than or equal to 1
  • d represents the number of effective reference signals
  • represents the delay path difference between the second delay path and the first delay path of the multipath channel.
  • the modulation block is composed of minimum communication transmission time domain resource elements or frequency domain resource elements.
  • the minimum communication transmission frequency domain resource element is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM subcarrier.
  • the device 1600 further includes:
  • the second sending module is used to send the main signal, and the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform or a multi-carrier signal waveform.
  • the first device includes a network side device or a terminal.
  • the device provided by the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented by the method embodiment in Figure 6 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid duplication, the details will not be described here.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a backscatter communication processing device, which is applied to backscatter communication equipment.
  • Devices, such as tags, device 1700 include:
  • the first receiving module 1701 is used to receive first information related to backscatter communication, where the first information is used to indicate any one of:
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single-carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single-carrier signal waveform;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the device 1700 further includes:
  • a second receiving module configured to receive the main signal from the first device, where the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform or a multi-carrier signal waveform;
  • a determination module configured to determine the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal according to the first information
  • a modulation module used to modulate the main signal and the auxiliary signal to obtain a backscattered signal
  • the third sending module is used to send the backscattered signal to the second device.
  • the determining module is further used to:
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is determined according to the first information, the capability of the backscatter communication device and/or the channel type between the backscatter communication device and the second device.
  • the modulation module is further used for:
  • the backscattered signal is obtained by performing time domain modulation based on the time domain signal and auxiliary signal related to the main signal;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the modulation module is further used for:
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the length of the reference signal is determined by the maximum length of the multipath channel between the first device and the backscatter communication device;
  • the length of the reference signal is greater than or equal to the difference between the shortest delay path and the longest delay path of a first multipath channel, the first multipath channel including the first device and the backscatter communication device. Multipath channels, and multipath channels between the backscatter communications device and the second device.
  • the modulation module is further used for:
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single-carrier signal waveform
  • the length of the auxiliary signal is an integer multiple of the OFDM symbol length.
  • the length of the cyclic prefix CP is greater than or equal to the sum of the first value and the second value
  • the first value is equal to the difference between the shortest delay path and the longest delay path of the multipath channel between the first device and the backscatter communication device
  • the second value is equal to the backscatter communication device The difference between the shortest delay path and the longest delay path of the multipath channel between the second device and the second device.
  • the modulation module is further used for:
  • the backscatter communication device performs frequency domain modulation according to the frequency domain signal and the auxiliary signal related to the main signal to obtain the backscatter signal;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is Multi-carrier signal waveform.
  • the modulation module is further used for:
  • For the frequency domain signal related to the main signal perform discrete Fourier transform DFT processing and remove cyclic prefix CP processing to obtain the target frequency domain signal;
  • a reference signal and a new cyclic prefix CP are inserted into the target frequency domain signal, and the auxiliary signal is modulated to obtain a backscattered signal.
  • the device provided by the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented by the method embodiment in Figure 7 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid duplication, the details will not be described here.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a backscatter communication processing device applied to a second device.
  • the device 1800 includes:
  • the third receiving module 1801 is configured to receive first information related to backscatter communication, where the first information is used to indicate at least one of the following:
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single-carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform, and the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a single-carrier signal waveform;
  • the transmission waveform of the main signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the transmission waveform of the auxiliary signal is a multi-carrier signal waveform
  • the device 1800 further includes:
  • the fourth receiving module is used to receive the main signal from the first device, where the transmission waveform of the main signal is a single carrier signal waveform or a multi-carrier signal waveform.
  • the device 1800 further includes:
  • the fifth receiving module is used to receive the backscattered signal from the backscattered communication device, the backscattered signal It is modulated by the main signal and the auxiliary signal.
  • the device provided by the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented by the method embodiment in Figure 8 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid duplication, the details will not be described here.
  • FIG 19 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal that implements an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal 1900 includes but is not limited to: a radio frequency unit 1901, a network module 1902, an audio output unit 1903, an input unit 1904, a sensor 1905, a display unit 1906, a user input unit 1907, an interface unit 1908, a memory 1909, a processor 1940, etc. At least some parts.
  • the terminal 1900 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) that supplies power to various components.
  • the power supply may be logically connected to the processor 1940 through a power management system, thereby managing charging, discharging, and power consumption through the power management system. Management and other functions.
  • the terminal structure shown in Figure 19 does not constitute a limitation on the terminal.
  • the terminal may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or some components may be combined or arranged differently, which will not be described again here.
  • the input unit 1904 may include a graphics processing unit (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU) 19041 and a microphone 19042.
  • the graphics processor 19041 is responsible for the image capture device (GPU) in the video capture mode or the image capture mode. Process the image data of still pictures or videos obtained by cameras (such as cameras).
  • the display unit 1906 may include a display panel 19061, which may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, or the like.
  • the user input unit 507 includes at least one of a touch panel 19071 and other input devices 19072 .
  • Touch panel 19071 also known as touch screen.
  • the touch panel 19071 may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller.
  • Other input devices 19072 may include but are not limited to physical keyboards, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), trackballs, mice, and joysticks, which will not be described again here.
  • the radio frequency unit 1901 after receiving downlink data from the network side device, the radio frequency unit 1901 can transmit it to the processor 1940 for processing; in addition, the radio frequency unit 1901 can send uplink data to the network side device.
  • the radio frequency unit 1901 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, amplifier, transceiver, coupler, low noise amplifier, duplexer, etc.
  • Memory 1909 may be used to store software programs or instructions as well as various data.
  • the memory 1909 may mainly include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data, wherein the first storage area may store an operating system, an application program or instructions required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, Image playback function, etc.) etc.
  • memory 1909 may include volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or memory 1909 may include both volatile and nonvolatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically removable memory. Erase programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory can be random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), static random access memory (Static RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (Dynamic RAM, DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (Synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (Double Data Rate SDRAM, DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (Enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (Synch link DRAM) , SLDRAM) and straight Connected to memory bus random access memory (Direct Rambus RAM, DRRAM).
  • Memory 1909 in embodiments of the present application includes, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.
  • the processor 1940 may include one or more processing units; optionally, the processor 1940 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, where the application processor mainly handles operations related to the operating system, user interface, application programs, etc., Modem processors mainly process wireless communication signals, such as baseband processors. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 1940.
  • the terminal provided by the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented by the method embodiment of Figure 6, Figure 7 or Figure 8, and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid duplication, the details will not be described here.
  • Figure 20 is a structural diagram of a communication device applied in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 2000 includes: a processor 2001, a transceiver 2002, a memory 2003 and a bus interface.
  • the processor 2001 May be responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing.
  • Memory 2003 may store data used by processor 2001 in performing operations.
  • the communication device 2000 further includes: a program stored in the memory 2003 and executable on the processor 2001.
  • a program stored in the memory 2003 and executable on the processor 2001.
  • the program is executed by the processor 2001, the method shown in Figure 6, Figure 7 or Figure 8 is implemented. steps in.
  • the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linked together by various circuits of one or more processors represented by processor 2001 and memory represented by memory 2003.
  • the bus architecture can also link together various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are all well known in the art and therefore will not be described further herein.
  • the bus interface provides the interface.
  • Transceiver 2002 may be a plurality of elements, including a transmitter and a receiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium.
  • this embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device 2100, which includes a processor 2101 and a memory 2102.
  • the memory 2102 stores programs or instructions that can be run on the processor 2101, such as , when the communication device 2100 is a terminal, when the program or instruction is executed by the processor 2101, each step of the method embodiment in Figure 6 is implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved.
  • the communication device When 2100 is a backscatter communication device, when the program or instruction is executed by the processor 2101, each step of the method embodiment in Figure 7 is implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved.
  • the communication device When 2100 is a network-side device, when the program or instruction is executed by the processor 2101, each step of the method embodiment in Figure 8 is implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid duplication, the details will not be repeated here.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a readable storage medium, with programs or instructions stored on the readable storage medium.
  • the program or instructions are executed by the processor, the method in Figure 6, Figure 7 or Figure 8 and the above embodiments are implemented. Each process can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, we will not go into details here.
  • the processor is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiment.
  • the readable storage medium may be non-volatile or non-transient.
  • Readable storage media may include computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory ROM, random access memory RAM, magnetic disks or optical disks.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a chip.
  • the chip includes a processor and a communication interface.
  • the communication interface is coupled to the processor.
  • the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement FIG. 6, FIG. 7 or FIG.
  • Each process shown in 8 and the above-mentioned method embodiments can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.
  • chips mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be called system-on-chip, system-on-a-chip, system-on-chip or system-on-chip, etc.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program/program product, the computer program/program product is stored in a storage medium, and the computer program/program product is executed by at least one processor to implement Figure 6, Figure 7 or
  • Each process shown in Figure 8 and the above-mentioned method embodiments can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a communication system.
  • the communication system includes a network side device, a terminal and a backscatter communication device.
  • the terminal is used to perform various processes as shown in Figure 6 and the above method embodiments.
  • the network is used to perform various processes as shown in Figure 8 and the above method embodiments, and the backscattering communication device is used to perform various processes as shown in Figure 7 and the above method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effect. In order to avoid Repeat, I won’t go into details here.
  • the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform. Of course, it can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is better. implementation.
  • the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a computer software product that is essentially or contributes to the existing technology.
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, disk , CD), including several instructions to cause a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments of this application.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种反向散射通信处理方法、装置、通信设备及可读存储介质,该方法包括:第一设备发送与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示以下任意一项:主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。

Description

反向散射通信处理方法、装置、通信设备及可读存储介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2022年8月17日提交的中国专利申请No.202210988857.3的优先权,其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本申请属于通信技术领域,具体涉及一种反向散射通信处理方法、装置、通信设备及可读存储介质。
背景技术
反向散射通信是指标签利用其它设备或者环境中的射频信号进行信号调制来传输自己信息。比如,基站发送主信号(Primary Signal),终端接收到主信号的同时,还接收到标签反射信号。标签反射信号是由标签接收的主信号和自身发送的辅信号(Secondary Signal)调制而成,然而,多个信号会提升信号处理的复杂度,导致接收端难以对多个信号进行有效处理,因此如何有效传输主信号和辅信号,使得接收端能够简单有效地同时解调主信号和辅信号是亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种反向散射通信处理方法、装置、通信设备及可读存储介质,解决如何有效传输主信号和辅信号,使得接收端能够简单有效地同时解调主信号和辅信号的问题。
第一方面,提供一种反向散射通信处理方法,包括:
第一设备发送与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示以下任意一项:
主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
第二方面,提供一种反向散射通信处理方法,包括:
反向散射通信设备接收与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示任意一项:
主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
第三方面,提供一种反向散射通信处理方法,包括:
第二设备接收与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示以下至少一项:
主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
第四方面,提供一种反向散射通信处理装置,应用于第一设备,包括:
第一发送模块,用于发送与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示以下任意一项:
主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
第五方面,提供一种反向散射通信处理装置,应用于反向散射通信设备,包括:
第一接收模块,用于接收与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示任意一项:
主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
第六方面,提供一种反向散射通信处理装置,应用于第二设备,包括:
第三接收模块,用于接收与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示以下至少一项:
主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
第七方面,提供了一种通信设备,包括:处理器,存储器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令,所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如第一方面或第二方面或第三方面或第三方面所述的方法的步骤。
第八方面,提供了一种可读存储介质,所述可读存储介质上存储程序或指令,所述程序或指令被处理器执行时实现如第一方面或第二方面或第三方面所述的方法的步骤。
第九方面,提供了一种芯片,所述芯片包括处理器和通信接口,所述通信接口和所述 处理器耦合,所述处理器用于运行程序或指令,实现如第一方面或第二方面或第三方面所述的法的步骤。
第十方面,提供了一种计算机程序/程序产品,所述计算机程序/程序产品被存储在非瞬态的存储介质中,所述程序/程序产品被至少一个处理器执行以实现如第一方面或第二方面或第三方面所述的方法的步骤。
第十一方面,提供一种通信系统,所述通信系统包括网络侧设备、终端和反向散射通信设备,所述网络侧设备用于执行如第一方面或第三方面所述的方法的步骤,所述终端用于执行如第三方面或第一方面所述的方法的步骤,所述反向散射通信设备用于执行如第二方面所述的方法的步骤。
在本申请的实施例中,通过第一信息对主信号和辅信号的传输波形进行配置,实现主信号和辅信号的相互融合及有效传输,使得接收端能够简单有效地同时解调主信号和辅信号,提高共生反向散射通信的传输效率。
附图说明
图1为反向散射通信发射端的示意图;
图2a、图2b和图2c为反向散射通信的示意图;
图3是Passive IoT发送和接收场景的示意图;
图4是Passive IoT相关的共生反向散射主信号和辅信号的示意图;
图5是gNB利用波束赋形的Passive IoT共生反向散射的示意图;
图6是本申请实施例提供的反向散射通信处理方法的示意图之一;
图7是本申请实施例提供的反向散射通信处理方法的示意图之二;
图8是本申请实施例提供的反向散射通信处理方法的示意图之三;
图9a和图9b是基于单载波在时域的主信号和辅信号的调制示意图;
图10是基于单载波在时域主信号和辅信号的调制示意图;
图11是基于OFDM波形在频域主信号和辅信号的调制示意图;
图12是单载波相关的Tag接收信号和发送信号在时域和频域的示意图;
图13a、图13b、图13c是gNB-Tag-UE多径信道的示意图;
图14a、图14b、图14c是单载波相关的Tag接收信号和发送信号在时域和频域的示意图;
图15是多载波相关的Tag接收信号和发送信号在时域和频域的示意图;
图16是本申请实施例提供的反向散射通信处理装置的示意图之一;
图17是本申请实施例提供的反向散射通信处理装置的示意图之二;
图18是本申请实施例提供的反向散射通信处理装置的示意图之三;
图19是本申请实施例提供的终端的示意图;
图20是本申请实施例提供的网络侧设备的示意图;
图21是本申请实施例提供的通信设备的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象,而不用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的术语在适当情况下可以互换,以便本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施,且“第一”、“第二”所区别的对象通常为一类,并不限定对象的个数,例如第一对象可以是一个,也可以是多个。此外,说明书以及权利要求中“和/或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一,字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
值得指出的是,本申请实施例所描述的技术不限于长期演进型(Long Term Evolution,LTE)/LTE的演进(LTE-Advanced,LTE-A)系统,还可用于其他无线通信系统,诸如码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access,CDMA)、时分多址(Time Division Multiple Access,TDMA)、频分多址(Frequency Division Multiple Access,FDMA)、正交频分多址(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access,OFDMA)、单载波频分多址(Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access,SC-FDMA)和其他系统。本申请实施例中的术语“系统”和“网络”常被可互换地使用,所描述的技术既可用于以上提及的系统和无线电技术,也可用于其他系统和无线电技术。以下描述出于示例目的描述了新空口(New Radio,NR)系统,并且在以下大部分描述中使用NR术语,但是这些技术也可应用于NR系统应用以外的应用,如第6代(6th Generation,6G)通信系统。
为了便于理解本申请实施例,下面先介绍以下技术点:
一、关于反向散射通信(Backscatter Communication,BSC):
反向散射通信是指反向散射通信设备利用其它设备或者环境中的射频信号进行信号调制来传输自己信息。其调制电路如图1所示,反向散射通信设备通过调节其内部阻抗来控制电路的反射系数Γ,从而改变入射信号的幅度、频率、相位等,实现信号的调制。其中信号的反射系数可表征为:
其中,Z0为天线特性阻抗,Z1是负载阻抗。假设入射信号为Sin(t),则输出信号为因此,通过合理的控制反射系数可实现对应的幅度调制、频率调制或相位调制。基于此,反向散射通信设备,可以是传统射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)中的Backscatter,或者是无源或半无源物联网(Passive/Semi-passive Internet of Things)设备。
其中,反向散射通信设备,可以包括:
(1)传统射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)中的反向散射通信设备,一般是一个标签(Tag),属于无源物联网(Internet of Things,IoT)设备(或者称为Passive-IoT)。
(2)半无源(semi-passive)的Tag,这类Tag的下行接收或者上行反射具备一定的放大能力;
(3)具备主动发送能力的Tag(或者称为active Tag),这类Tag可以不依赖对入射信号的反射向读写器(比如阅读器(reader))发送信息。
读写器即射频标签读写设备,是射频识别系统的两个重要组成部分(标签与读写器)之一。射频标签读写设备根据具体实现功能也有一些其他较为流行的别称,如:阅读器(Reader),查询器(Interrogator),通信器(Communicator),扫描器(Scanner),读写器(Reader and Writer),编程器(Programmer),读出装置(Reading Device),便携式读出器(Portable Readout Device),自动设备识别设备(Automatic Equipment Identification Device,AEI)等。
在反向散射通信系统中,有两个主要的链路预算,即前向链路和反向散射链路预算,它们会影响反向散射通信系统性能。特别地,前向链路预算被定义为反向散射发射机接收的功率量,反向散射链路预算是反向散射接收机接收的功率量。
反向散射通信系统可被分为三种主要类型:单基地反向散射通信系统(即,Monostatic Backscatter Communication System,MBCS),双基地反向散射通信系统(Bistatic Backscatter Communication System,BBCS)和周围反向散射通信系统(Ambient Backscatter Communication System,ABCS),如图2a、图2b和图2c所示。
二、关于共生反向散射通信传输方法:
根据共生反向散射(Symbiotic Backscatter)原理,被动物联网(Passive IoT)信号传输场景一般考虑的是双基地反向散射通信。如果考虑传统蜂窝网络中的典型节点基站(the next Generation Node B,gNB)和终端(比如,用户设备(User Equipment,UE)),并将无源物联网设备(即,Tag)引入蜂窝网络后,可以主要考虑以下两种场景,即,UE辅助被动物联网场景。
场景-1:gNB发送主信号(Primary Signal),UE接收到主信号的同时,还接收到Tag反射信号。Tag反射信号是由Tag接收的主信号和自身发送的辅信号(Secondary Signal)调制而成,其中,主信号用x[n]表示,辅信号用B[m]表示。
场景-2:UE发送主信号,gNB接收到主信号的同时,还接收到Tag反射信号。Tag反射信号是由Tag接收的主信号和自身发送的辅信号调制而成,其中,主信号用x[n]表示,辅信号用B[m]表示。
在下述介绍的本申请的实施方式是以场景-1为例。场景-2和场景-1可以被归纳为相同场景,场景-2的实现方式与场景-1的实现方式相似,如图3所示。其中,发送端 (Transmitter,Tx)可以是gNB或UE,而接收端(Receive,Rx)可以是相应的UE或gNB。为了达到直观的技术阐述,在以下说明中,Tx被统一为gNB,而Rx被统一为UE。因此,当gNB发送主信号x[n]的时候,UE接收到的信号y[n]可以被表示为:
y[n]=(h2+h3B[m])x[n]+w[n]
其中,h2是gNB到UE的信道响应,h3是gNB通过Tag反射到UE的信道响应,n和m分别是主信号和辅信号符号的索引,n=0,1,...,NM-1;m=0,1,...,M-1,和M是辅信号的符号数,而N是针对每个被调制辅信号中的主信号数,被命名为辅信号调制块,如图4所示。
值得注意的是,主信号x[n]可以通过码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access,CDMA),时分多址(Time Division Multiple Access,TDMA),正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)等任何波形传输。
UE接收端需要检测主信号x[n]和辅信号B[m]。UE接收端一般使用相干接收算法,可以由以下几种,即,极大似然估计(Maximum-Likelihood,ML)检测算法,线性检测算法(Linear Detector)和基于串行干扰消除(Successive Interference Cancellation,SIC)的检测算法。使用这些算法可以完成联合检测主信号x[n]和辅信号B[m],但是这些算法具有复杂度高或系统性能低下的问题。
三、关于利用波束赋形的Passive IoT信号传输方法:
如果gNB知道Tag的方向或位置,gNB可以利用波束赋形的方法来实现Passive IoT信号传输,如图5所示。
利用波束赋形后的UE接收到的信号,y[n],可以被近似为:
y[n]≈h3B[m]x[n]+w[n]
可以看到,利用波束赋形来实现Passive IoT信号传输的好处是增加Tag通信范围并有效提高能量收集。但是为了实现波束赋形需要对Tag进行定位,这样会增加发送端的复杂度。一般这种方法是针对服务质量(Quality of Service,QoS)要求较高的Passive IoT业务使用的。
本申请涉及的终端可以是手机、平板电脑(Tablet Personal Computer)、膝上型电脑(Laptop Computer)或称为笔记本电脑、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant,PDA)、掌上电脑、上网本、超级移动个人计算机(ultra-mobile personal computer,UMPC)、移动上网装置(Mobile Internet Device,MID)、增强现实(augmented reality,AR)/虚拟现实(virtual reality,VR)设备、机器人、可穿戴式设备(Wearable Device)、车载设备(Vehicle User Equipment,VUE)、行人终端(Pedestrian User Equipment,PUE)、智能家居(具有无线通信功能的家居设备,如冰箱、电视、洗衣机或者家具等)、游戏机、个人计算机(personal computer,PC)、柜员机或者自助机等终端侧设备,可穿戴式设备包括:智能手表、智能手环、智能耳机、智能眼镜、智能首饰(智能手镯、智能手链、智能戒指、智能项链、智能脚镯、智能脚链等)、智能腕带、智能服装等。除了上述终端设备,本申请涉及的终端 也可以是终端内的芯片,例如调制解调器(Modem)芯片,系统级芯片(System on Chip,SoC)。需要说明的是,在本申请实施例并不限定终端的具体类型。
本申请涉及的网络侧设备可以包括接入网设备或核心网设备,其中,接入网设备也可以称为无线接入网设备、无线接入网(Radio Access Network,RAN)、无线接入网功能或无线接入网单元。接入网设备可以包括基站、无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Networks,WLAN)接入点或WiFi节点等,基站可被称为节点B、演进节点B(Evolved Node B,eNB)、接入点、基收发机站(Base Transceiver Station,BTS)、无线电基站、无线电收发机、基本服务集(Basic Service Set,BSS)、扩展服务集(Extended Service Set,ESS)、家用B节点、家用演进型B节点、发送接收点(Transmitting Receiving Point,TRP)或所述领域中其他某个合适的术语,只要达到相同的技术效果,所述基站不限于特定技术词汇,需要说明的是,在本申请实施例中仅以NR系统中的基站为例进行介绍,并不限定基站的具体类型。
下面结合附图,通过一些实施例及其应用场景对本申请实施例提供的反向散射通信处理方法、装置、通信设备及可读存储介质进行详细地说明。
参见图6,本申请实施例提供一种反向散射通信处理方法,应用于第一设备,该第一设备也可以称为发送端,该第一设备可以是网络侧设备或者终端,具体步骤包括:步骤601。
步骤601:第一设备发送与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示以下任意一项:(1)主信号的传输波形为单载波(Single-Carrier)信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;(2)主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波(Multi-Carrier)信号波形;(3)主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;(4)主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
上述辅信号也可以称为次信号。
可以理解的是,在本申请中可以根据主信号的传输波形,如单载波信号波形或多载波信号波形,有效地选择和设计辅信号的传输波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述方法还包括:
在所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形的情况下,或者,在所述主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形的情况下,所述第一设备在与所述主信号相关的时域信号中的每个调制块中设置参考信号。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述方法还包括:
在所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形的情况下,或者在所述主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形的情况下,所述第一设备在与所述主信号相关的频域信号中的每个调制块 中设置参考信号。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述参考信号的长度是由所述第一设备与所述反向散射通信设备之间的多径信道的最大长度确定的。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,在所述多径信道的最大长度为K×Δ的情况下,所述在每个调制块中的参考信号的长度为(K+d)×Δ,K和d是大于或等于1的整数,d表示有效参考信号数,Δ是所述多径信道的第二迟延径和第一迟延径的迟延径差。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述调制块是由最小通信传输时域资源元或频域资源元组成。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述最小通信传输频域资源元为正交频分复用OFDM子载波。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述方法还包括:
所述第一设备发送所述主信号,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形或多载波信号波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述第一设备包括网络侧设备或终端。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述主信号是第一设备发送的信号,辅信号是反向散射通信设备发送的信号。
在本申请的实施例中,通过第一信息对主信号和辅信号的传输波形进行配置,实现主信号和辅信号的相互融合及有效传输,使得接收端能够简单有效地同时解调主信号和辅信号,提高共生反向散射通信的传输效率。
参见图7,本申请实施例提供一种反向散射通信处理方法,应用于反向散射通信设备,比如Tag,具体步骤包括:步骤701。
步骤701:反向散射通信设备接收与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示任意一项:
(1)主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
(2)主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;
(3)主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
(4)主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述方法还包括:
所述反向散射通信设备接收来自第一设备的主信号,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形或多载波信号波形;
所述反向散射通信设备根据所述第一信息,确定辅信号的传输波形;
所述反向散射通信设备对所述主信号和辅信号进行调制得到反向散射信号;
所述反向散射通信设备向第二设备发送所述反向散射信号。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述反向散射通信设备根据所述第一信息,确定辅信号的传输波形,包括:
所述反向散射通信设备根据所述第一信息,以及所述反向散射通信设备的能力和/或所述反向散射通信设备与所述第二设备之间的信道类型,确定所述辅信号的传输波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述反向散射通信设备对所述主信号和辅信号进行调制得到反向散射信号,包括:
所述反向散射通信设备根据与主信号相关的时域信号和辅信号进行时域上调制得到反向散射信号;
其中,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,或者,所述主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述反向散射通信设备根据与主信号相关的时域信号和辅信号进行时域上调制得到反向散射信号,包括:
所述反向散射通信设备在与所述主信号相关的时域信号中的每个时域调制块中插入参考信号,得到目标时域信号;
所述反向散射通信设备对所述目标时域信号和辅信号进行时域上的调制得到反向散射信号;
其中,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述参考信号的长度是由所述第一设备与所述反向散射通信设备之间的多径信道的最大长度确定的;
或者,
所述参考信号的长度大于或等于第一多径信道的最短迟延径和最长迟延径的差,所述第一多径信道包括所述第一设备与所述反向散射通信设备之间的多径信道,以及所述反向散射通信设备和所述第二设备之间的多径信道。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述反向散射通信设备根据与主信号相关的时域信号和辅信号进行时域上的调制得到反向散射信号,包括:
所述反向散射通信设备在与所述主信号相关的时域信号中插入循环前缀(Cyclic Prefix,CP),得到目标时域信号;
所述反向散射通信设备对所述目标时域信号和辅信号进行时域上调制得到反向散射信号;
其中,所述主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述辅信号的长度是OFDM符号长度的整数倍。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述循环前缀CP的长度是大于或等于第一值与第二值之和;
其中,所述第一值等于所述第一设备与反向散射通信设备之间的多径信道的最短迟延 径和最长迟延径的差,所述第二值等于所述反向散射通信设备与所述第二设备之间的多径信道的最短迟延径和最长迟延径的差。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述反向散射通信设备对所述主信号和辅信号进行调制得到反向散射信号,包括:
所述反向散射通信设备根据与主信号相关的频域信号和辅信号进行频域上调制得到反向散射信号;
其中,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,或者所述主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述反向散射通信设备根据与主信号相关的频域信号和辅信号进行频域上调制得到反向散射信号,包括:
所述反向散射通信设备对与主信号相关的频域信号,进行离散傅里叶变换DFT处理和去除循环前缀CP处理,得到目标频域信号;
所述反向散射通信设备对所述目标频域信号插入参考信号和新的循环前缀CP,并调制所述辅信号得到反向散射信号。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述主信号是第一设备发送的信号,辅信号是反向散射通信设备发送的信号。
在本申请的实施例中,通过第一信息对主信号和辅信号的传输波形进行配置,实现主信号和辅信号的相互融合及有效传输,使得接收端(即第二设备)能够简单有效地同时解调主信号和辅信号,提高共生反向散射通信的传输效率。
参见图8,本申请实施例提供一种反向散射通信处理方法,应用于第二设备,第二设备也可以称为接收端,比如第二设备可以包括终端或网络侧设备,具体步骤包括:步骤801。
步骤801:第二设备接收与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示以下至少一项:
(1)主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
(2)主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;
(3)主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
(4)主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述方法还包括:
所述第二设备接收来自第一设备的主信号,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形或多载波信号波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述方法还包括:
所述第二设备接收来自反向散射通信设备的反向散射信号,所述反向散射信号是所述主信号和所述辅信号调制得到的。
可以理解的是,第二设备可以根据第一信息对反向散射信号进行处理,解调主信号和辅信号,相关描述可以参考实施例四和实施例五。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述主信号是第一设备发送的信号,辅信号是反向散射通信设备发送的信号。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,在步骤801之后,该方法还可以包括:步骤802和步骤803(图中未示意出)。
步骤802:第二设备获取主信号,并根据所述主信号中的参考信号对所述主信号进行相干解调和解码处理,得到所述主信号中的数据,所述主信号包括M个调制块,每个所述调制块中包括K个第一参考信号,1≤K≤N,N为每个所述调制块包含的资源单元的数量,K为正整数,N≥2,且M和N为正整数。
步骤803:第二设备获取共生反向散射调制块,根据所述主信号对所述共生反向散射调制块进行相干解调处理,得到辅信号中的数据,且M为正整数。
可选地,所述共生反向散射调制块包括调制后的辅信号和噪声信号。
需要说明的是,本申请实施例中可以先获取主信号再获取共生反向散射调制块,也可以先获取共生反向散射调制块,再获取主信号,还可以同时获取主信号和共生反向散射调制块。另外本申请实施例中在对信号进行处理时,先对主信号进行解调处理,然后再根据解调后的主信号对共生反向散射调制块进行解调处理。
本申请实施例中,第二设备根据主信号中的参考信号能够简单有效地对该主信号进行相干解调和解码处理,进而能够根据解调出的主信号的数据对次信号进行解调,从而实现了简单地解调出共生反向散射通信信号中的主信号和辅信号的目的。
可选地,根据所述主信号中的参考信号对所述主信号进行相干解调和解码处理,得到主信号中的数据,包括:
根据所述主信号中的参考信号对所述主信号进行相干解调,得到主信号估计值;
通过信道解码器对所述主信号估计值进行比特解码处理,得到所述主信号中的数据(即主信号数据比特信息)。
可选地,所述调制后的辅信号是通过主信号对M个辅信号进行调制得到的,所述M个辅信号中包括一个第二参考信号,或者,包括长度相同且相位相反的两个第二参考信号;
根据所述主信号对所述调制后的次信号进行相干解调处理,得到辅信号中的数据,包括:
对所述主信号进行复制处理,得到复制后的主信号;
通过复制后的主信号对所述共生反向散射调制块进行加权平均处理,得到处理后的共生反向散射调制块;
根据所述处理后的共生反向散射调制块中的第二参考信号对所述处理后的共生反向散射调制块进行相干解调处理,得到辅信号中的数据。
在本申请的实施例中,通过第一信息对主信号和辅信号的传输波形进行配置,实现主 信号和辅信号的相互融合及有效传输,使得接收端(即第二设备)能够简单有效地同时解调主信号和辅信号,提高共生反向散射通信的传输效率。
为了更好的理解本申请的实施方式,下面结合实施例一至实施例七进行介绍。
本申请主要通过对共生反向散射通信信号波形的设计,实现主信号和辅信号的相互融合及有效传输。具体地,在多径信道的场景下,共生反向散射通信主信号传输可以使用单载波信号波形也可以使用多载波信号波形,而共生反向散射通信辅信号传输可以根据主信号的传输波形来有效设计自己的传输波形。
更具体地,当主信号使用单载波信号波形或多载波信号波形的时候,辅信号可以使用单载波信号波形。这种对辅信号的载波信号波形,在单径信道的场景中,接收端的性能可以得到保障。在多径信道的场景中,由于接收端在解调过程中只能对信号强度最大的信道路径作为时间的参考点来解调共生反向散射通信信号,在其他信道路径上的信号只能被考虑为干扰信号,因此解调性能无法得到保障。
为了解决多径信道对共生反向散射通信信号解调问题,有效地,主信号使用多载波正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)信号波形,辅信号也使用多载波OFDM信号波形。利用OFDM固有的抗多径信道特性,在反向散射通信设备先消除多径信道的影响,然后对辅信号在频域上进行反向散射信号的调制,最后加循环前缀CP,并对反向散射信号进行反射。用OFDM载波信号波形调制共生反向散射通信信号的好处是有效对抗多径衰落效应,从而提高共生反向散射通信的传输效率。
需要说明的是,本申请主要是针对集中式的共生反向散射通信进行说明的,但是本申请中的技术可以被扩展到其他场景,如分离式共生反向散射通信。
实施例一:共生反向散射通信载波承载方式
gNB(或UE)的载波承载配置和Tag的载波承载配置关系如表1所示。从表1中可以看到,载波承载配置的组合没有太多的限制,但是从实现的角度载波承载配置关系吻合度有所不同。当gNB(或UE)配置使用单载波的时候,Tag的载波承载配置可以依赖于单载波承载(即,载波承载选项一),也可以依赖于多载波承载(即,载波承载选项二)。当gNB(或UE)配置使用多载波的时候,Tag的载波承载配置既可以依赖于单载波承载(即,载波承载选项三),也可以依赖于多载波承载(即,载波承载选项四)。
其中,◎意味着gNB(或UE)和Tag的载波承载配置关系最为吻合。〇意味着gNB(或UE)和Tag的载波承载配置关系可以被采用,但并不是最佳配对。
值得注意的是,对于载波承载选项三,由于主信号是通过单载波调制的,而辅信号是通过多载波调制的,因此与主信号相关的时域信号必须添加循环前缀CP,然后发送。这样的好处是,与OFDM信号一样,接收端可以通过频域均衡器(Frequency Equalization)来简单解调信号。关于频域均衡器技术在本申请中不进行详细说明。
每个载波承载选项具有一定的特点。Tag选择载波承载选项是取决于gNB(或UE)针对主信号配置的载波承载。当Tag的允许能力比较低,且信道特性以LoS信道(即,单 径信道)为主的情况下,Tag选择载波承载选项一,或载波承载选项三。但是,当Tag的允许能力比较高,且信道特性以NLoS信道(即,多径信道)为主的情况下,Tag可以选择载波承载选项二,或载波承载选项四。
值得注意的是,如果选择载波承载选项一和载波承载选项三的话,gNB(或UE)作为接收端需要配备复杂度高的均衡器来解调多径信道的共生反向散射信号。这种情况一般针对要求比较低的QoS业务。但是,如果选择载波承载选项二和载波承载选项四的话,gNB(或UE)作为接收端只需要配备单階均衡器(Single Tap Equalization)通过OFDM抗衡多径信道的特点来解调多径信道的共生反向散射信号,以便提供整体的共生反向散射通信性能。这种情况一般是针对要求比较高的QoS业务。
表1:gNB(或UE)和Tag的载波承载配置关系。
实施例二:针对载波承载选项一和载波承载选项三的共生反向散射通信信号波形设计
根据实施例一阐述中,主信号x[n]是通过单载波或多载波传输波形承载基于正交幅度调制(Quadrature Amplitude Modulation,QAM)的调制符号,而辅信号B[m]是通过单载波或多载波传输波形承载基于二进制相移键控(Binary Phase Shift Keying,BPSK)的调制符号。
值得注意的是,辅信号也可以承载基于QAM的调制符号,但是考虑到Passive IoT应用中Tag(或,反向散射装置(Backscatter Device))允许的复杂度限制,本申请中的技术说明主要是以BPSK调制方法来进行。但是,本申请中涉及的所有技术可以针对所有的调制方法被简单地扩展,如开关键控(On-Off Keying,OOK),QAM等。
图9a和图9b所示的是基于单载波在时域的主信号和辅信号的调制示意图。具体地,主信号x[n]是由长度为N的时域调制块(Modulation Block)组成,每个调制块是由最小通信传输时域资源元组成,如,单载波的脉冲(Pulse),其中如图9a和图9b所示时域调制块N=4。主信号x[n]是从gNB发送,由Tag接收,并通过BPSK调制并产生辅信号波形,最后进行反向散射。
值得注意的是,调制块N的大小可以由gNB通过层1(Layer 1,L1)信令或媒体接入控制控制单元(Medium Access Control-Control Element,MAC-CE)信令通知UE,也可以通过无线资源控制(Radio Resource Control,RRC)进行配置。
值得注意的是,在单载波信号波形设计中,针对主信号使用传输波形可以是单载波信号波形,也可以是多载波信号波形,但是针对辅信号的反向散射传输波形是单载波信号波形。如表1所示的,载波承载选项一和载波承载选项三是属于反向散射传输单载波信号波形。
如图9a所示,gNB在单径信道上发送主信号,通过迟延τ,由Tag接收并调制辅信 号,最后反向散射时域调制信号给UE。
如图9b所示,gNB在多径信道上发送主信号,通过迟延τ,由Tag接收并调制辅信号,最后反向散射时域调制信号给UE。为了简单说明起见,多径信道的第一径和第一迟的延径差是Δ,与单载波的脉冲长度相同被考虑为多径信道的粒度。
在此根据多径信道,进行说明如何调制主信号,辅信号和反向散射时域调制信号。具体地,主信号x(t)是从gNB发送,由Tag接收,可以被表示为h1,lx(t-τ1,l)。辅信号是调制在接收信号h1,lx(t-τ1,l)上的,其中h1,l是gNB到Tag间的第l条多径信道响应(Channel Response),τ1,l是第l条多径信道迟延。也就是说,接收信号h1,lx(t)是作为一种通信传播载体传输辅信号B[m]。因此,辅信号的单载波反向散射信号可以被表示为公式(1):
其中,pT(t)是反向散射信号的脉冲波形,L1是gNB到Tag间的信道多径数,τ1,l是gNB到Tag间的信道多径的第l条径迟延,n和m分别是主信号和辅信号符号的索引,w(t)是加性高斯白噪声(Additive White Gaussian Noise,AWGN)噪音。
可选地,Δτ1可以是Δτ1=τ1,1,x(t)是时域信号,可以是单载波信号波形,也可以是多载波信号波形(如,OFDM波形)。
值得注意的是,当Δτ1=τ1,1的时候,辅信号调制时间是对齐多径信道的第一径迟延。
值得注意的是,如果主信号的调制基于单载波信号波形的话,基于单载波在时域的主信号和辅信号调制方法只有在信道多径数比较少(如,视距(line of sight,LoS)的场景),并且不同多径的迟延差比较小的情况下才能正常工作。如果是非视距(Non Line of sight,NLoS)的场景,并且不同多径的迟延差比较大的情况下,由于在不同径上接收的参考信号在时域上被多径信道错开,UE将无法获取完整的参考信号,从而无法解调主信号数据。因此在NLoS的场景中,参考信号的长度需要被加长,比如根据多径信道的最大长度进行有效配置。
有效地,如果多径信道迟延的最大长度为KΔ,那么在每个调制块中的参考信号的长度为(K+d)Δ,即,参考信号占据K+d个单载波的脉冲,或K+d个OFDM样本,其中,d是有效参考信号数,大于等于1的整数,即,d≥1。
值得注意的是,由于在多径信道中使用的参考信号被增加了K个,从而降低了主信号传输有效性
如图10所示,gNB根据多径信道迟延的最大长度决定参考信号的长度,其中,由于多径信道迟延的最大长度为KΔ,K=1,在此可以简单地配置有效参考信号数d=1,所以参考信号的长度为2Δ,即,参考信号占据2个单载波的脉冲,或2个OFDM样本。
如图10所示,根据多径信道的迟延,Tag决定辅信号调制的时间点,并将辅信号调制在接收的主信号上。Tag是根据多径信道的第一迟延径的时间调制辅信号。由于多径信道的第二迟延径和第一迟延径相差Δ,从gNB到Tag的信号被Tag辅信号的调制相位翻转, 参考信号的有效性被减小一半,即,只有一个参考信号脉冲被UE考虑为有效参考信号。
UE可以根据有效参考信号对接收信号进行辅信号相位的消除,然后通过均衡器等接收算法有效地解调主信号的数据信息。
另外,如果主信号的调制基于多载波信号波形的话,当时域上直接调制辅信号的情况下,经过gNB到Tag的信道多径信道由于在OFDM符号中的一些OFDM样本的相位被翻转,再加上Tag到UE的信号也是多径信道,因此经过Tag反向散射信号的信道频率选择性(Channel Frequency Selectivity)被扩大,主信号的OFDM信号的正交性被破坏。因此,要保持主信号的OFDM信号的正交性,辅信号的长度必须是OFDM符号长度的整数倍。这样的话,只要通过插入足够的循环前缀CP外,不需要额外的参考信号。具体地,循环前缀CP的长度至少等于K1Δ+K2Δ,其中,K1Δ是Tag-UE多径信道的最短迟延径和最长迟延径的差,K2Δ是Tag-UE多径信道的最短迟延径和最长迟延径的差。具体说明在实施例六中进行详细阐述。
另外,如果gNB-Tag信道是多径信道和Tag-UE也是多径信道的话,参考信号的长度至少是等于gNB-Tag-UE合成多径信道的最短迟延径和最长迟延径的差。具体地,gNB-Tag多径信道的最短迟延径和最长迟延径的差K1Δ,而Tag-UE多径信道的最短迟延径和最长迟延径的差K2Δ,则参考信号的长度至少是等于(K1+K2)Δ,即,配置参考信号的长度为K1+K2+d个单载波的脉冲长度,其中,d是有效参考信号数,且d是大于或等于1的整数,即,d≥1。
可选地,当信道特性以LoS信道(即,单径信道)为主的情况下,考虑主信号的传输有效性,Tag可以有效地选择单载波信号波形,即,载波承载选项一,或载波承载选项三。
实施例三:针对载波承载选项二和载波承载选项四的共生反向散射通信信号波形设计
Tag可以使用多载波信号波形(如,OFDM波形)对辅信号B[m]进行BPSK调制并反向散射。但是这个要求主信号使用的多载波信号波形是OFDM波形。即,如表1所示的载波承载选项四。
值得注意的是,在载波承载选项二中,虽然是主信号是利用单载波方式发送信号,但是由于在时域信号中插入循环前缀CP,因此共生反向散射通信信号波形设计和载波承载选项四一样可以通过在频域进行调制。在本申请中不在详细说明。
使用OFDM波形对辅信号B[m]进行BPSK调制并反向散射的好处是可以有效对抗多径衰落效应,从而提高UE对反向散射信号的接收性能。
图11所示的是基于OFDM载波在频域的主信号和辅信号的调制示意图。具体地,接收到的主信号是具有OFDM波形的时域信号。Tag接收到OFDM时域信号h1,lx(t-τ1,l),并把时域信号转换成频域信号。把时域信号转换成频域信号的方法有两种。一种是通过傅里叶变换(Fourier Transform,FT)直接把时域模拟信号转换成频域信号。另一种是先把时域模拟信号转换成时域数字信号,然后通过离散傅里叶变换(Discrete Fourier Transform, DFT)把时域数字信号转换成频域信号。两者的区别是不同的实现方法,而最后得到的频域信号没有区别。在此被转换后的接收频域信号被表示为公式(2):
其中,是长度为Q的DFT函数,q=0,1,...,Q-1,而Q是OFDM符号长度,Q=MN,pT(t)是主信号的载波波形,w(t)是AWGN噪音。
具体地,频域主信号X[q]被长度为N的调制块(Modulation Block)分割,每个调制块是由最小通信传输频域资源元组成,如OFDM子载波(OFDM Carrier)。Tag在频域主信号X[q]上进行BPSK调制并产生辅信号频域信号波形,可以被表示为公式(3):
XB[q]=B[m]PT[q]X[q]
其中,PT[q]是反向散射信号在频域上的波形,是取底函数(即,Floor Function),q=0,1,...,Q-1。
然后,Tag通过IDFT运算将频域信号XB[q]转换成时域信号xB[t],被表示为公式(4):
其中,是长度为Q的IDFT函数,q=0,1,...,Q-1,而Q是OFDM符号长度,Q=MN。
最后,OFDM时域信号xB(t)被Tag反向散射到UE。
值得注意的是,由于Tag通过DFT处理,加上循环前缀CP去除的过程,导致gNB到Tag的信道多径的影响先被消除。然后,通过OFDM波形对辅信号调制,再重新加循环前缀CP,进行IDFT处理,因此UE在解调主信号的时候,整体信道多径的影响可以被完全消除,从而有效对抗多径衰落效应,提高UE对反向散射信号的接收性能。
实施例四:针对单载波信号解调方式
单载波信号解调方法是通过载波承载选项一和载波承载选项三的选择执行。
针对共生反向散射单载波信号,Tag不需要进行DFT和IDFT处理,Tag的信号调制是在接收的主信号上直接进行时域处理,因此Tag的复杂度相对比较低。这种共生反向散射方法可以被视为即时共生反向散射系统。
在gNB利用全向天线发送主信号的情况下,UE接收到的共生反向散射多载波信号y(t)被表示为公式(5):
其中,L2是gNB到UE间的信道多径数,L3是Tag到UE间的信道多径数,τ2,l是gNB到UE间的第l条多径信道响应,τ3,l是Tag到UE间的第l条多径信道响应,是辅信号的单载波反向散射信号在公式1定义,w[t]是AWGN噪声。
在gNB利用波束赋形天线发送主信号的情况下,UE接收到的共生反向散射多载波信 号y(t)被近似为公式(6):
针对UE解调x[n]和B[m]的说明,本申请中简单地假设信道是单径信道(即,L2=L3=1),gNB利用全向天线发送主信号,因此通过模拟到数字转换器(Analog-to-Digital Converter,ADC)后的数字信号可以被简单地表示为公式(7):
y[n]=(h2+h3B[m])x[n]+w[n]
其中,h2是gNB到Tag间的信道响应,h3是Tag到UE间的信道响应。
如果简单假设参考信号占据每个调制块的第一个资源元,UE通过y[1]对接收信号y[n]进行除法运算,获得的主信号的解调符号可以表示为公式(8):
其中,n=2,3,...,N。
如果简单假设发送的参考信号为1,即x[1]=1,则UE的解调符号可以简化为公式(9):
因此,显而易见,通过每个调制块设置参考信号,UE能够解调主信号数据符号最后通过信道解码器(Channel Decoder),对主信号进行比特信息解码,获取主信号数据比特信息
利用实施例二中解码到的主信号数字比特信息复制主信号符号然后,通过复制主信号符号UE首先对接收的每个共生反向散射调制块进行加权平均处理,即公式(10):
值得注意的是,被估计的主信号和复制的主信号符号是有所不同的。前者拥有更高的误码率,而后者由于信道解码增益的原因通常误码率会非常低。
假设主信号数字符号解调错误率非常小并可以忽略不计的话,被加权平均后的共生反向散射调制块信号可以被近似为公式(11):
其中,是被加权平均后的AWGN噪声。
针对辅信号的解调,每M个辅信号,插入两个长度相同(长度为P)但相位相反彼此相邻的参考信号,其中P为整数,1≤P<M/2。可选地,在第一个P符号中,Tag用B[m]=1调制在反向散射参考信号上。在第二个P符号中,Tag用B[m]=-1调制在反向散射参考信号上。在其余符号中,Tag调制反向散射数据符号B[m]。
利用第一个P符号中的参考信号,UE可以简单地获取以下信号:
而利用第二个P符号中的参考信号,UE可以简单地获取以下信号:
通过求解由公式(12)和公式(13)组成方程,UE可以获取信道响应h2和h3。最后,根据公式(11),UE可以解调辅信号数据符号B[m],其中,m=2P+1,...,M。
值得注意的是,对于主信号数据符号的解调性能,可以通过降低主信号数据符号的码率(Code Rate)来提高信道编码增益。而对于辅信号数据符号的解调性能,可以通过选择较大的调制块N值来提高以增加处理增益(Processing Gain)。
值得注意的是,如果gNB使用波束赋形传输主信号的话,由于gNB到UE的链路增益小到可以被忽略不计,因此针对每M个辅信号只需要在第一个P符号中插入参考信号就可以有效解调辅信号数据符号B[m]。
实施例五:针对多载波信号解调方法
多载波信号解调方法是通过载波承载选项二或载波承载选项四的选择执行。
图11所示的是基于多载波信号波形在频域主信号(包括参考信号)与辅信号的调制过程。其中,主信号调制块N=4,而每一个主信号调制块被插入一个资源元作为参考信号。具体地,gNB在频域主信号上插入参考信号,即每三个主信号资源元插入一个参考信号资源元(即,K=1),从而形成一个长度N=4的频域调制块。
具体地,gNB发送主信号x[n],由Tag接收。Tag首先对接收信号h1,lx(t)进行DFT运算,使得时域信号转换成频域信号X[q]。然后对辅信号数据符号进行频域上的BPSK调制并产生辅信号多载波信号波形,并进行IDFT运算,最后反向散射。
值得注意的是,Tag对辅信号数据符号进行多载波信号波形调制主要是对抗多径衰落效应。针对共生反向散射多载波信号(如,OFDM信号),Tag需要进行DFT和IDFT处理,因此Tag的复杂度相对比较高。另外,由于DFT和IDFT的处理时间延迟至少是一个OFDM符号长度,因此这种共生反向散射方法可以被视为非即时共生反向散射系统。
在gNB利用全向天线发送主信号的情况下,UE接收到的共生反向散射多载波信号y(t)被表示为公式(14):
其中,L2是gNB到UE间的信道多径数,L3是Tag到UE间的信道多径数,τ2,l是gNB 到UE间的第l条多径信道响应,τ3,l是Tag到UE间的第l条多径信道响应,xB(t)是辅信号的单载波反向散射信号在公式(4)定义,w[t]是AWGN噪声,TProc是Tag接收端对接收信号的DFT和IDFT的总处理时间。
在gNB利用波束赋形天线发送主信号的情况下,UE接收端接收到的共生反向散射多载波信号y(t)被近似为公式(15):
在此,针对UE接收端解调频域主信号X[q]和频域主信号B[m]的说明,并且简单考虑gNB利用全向天线发送主信号。为了简单起见,Tag接收端对接收信号的DFT和IDFT的总处理时间TProc设置为零。另外,如果考虑gNB利用全向天线发送主信号的情况下,UE接收端是事先知道的前OFDM符号。因此,UE接收端在进行检测X[q]和B[m]之前可以先有效地消除gNB-UE链路的接收信号项。
因此针对公式(14)进行DFT运算,得到的数字信号可以被简单地表示为公式(16):
Y[q]=(H2+H3B[m])X[q]+W[q]
其中,是取底函数(即,Floor Function),W[q]是在频域上的AWGN噪声。
如果简单假设参考信号占据每个调制块的第一个资源元,UE对主信号的解调符号可以表示为公式(17):
其中,q=2,3,...,N。
如果简单假设发送的参考信号为1,即X[1]=1,则UE的解调符号可以简化为公式(18):
因此,显而易见,通过每个调制块设置参考信号,UE能够解调主信号数据符号最后通过信道解码器(Channel Decoder),对主信号进行比特信息解码,获取主信号数据比特信息
利用以上解码到的主信号数字比特信息重新复制主信号符号X[q]。然后,通过复制主信号符号X[q],UE首先对接收的每个共生反向散射调制块进行X*[n]加权平均处理,即,对公式(16)进行X*[q]加权平均处理,表示为公式(19):
值得注意的是,被估计的主信号和复制的主信号符号X[q]是有所不同的。前者拥有更高的误码率,而后者由于信道解码增益的原因通常误码率会非常低。
假设主信号数字符号解调错误率非常小并可以忽略不计的话,被加权平均后的共生反向散射调制块信号可以被近似为公式(20):
其中,是被加权平均后的AWGN噪声。
针对辅信号的解调,每M个辅信号,插入两个长度相同(长度为P)但相位相反彼此相邻的参考信号,其中P为整数,1≤P<M/2。
可选地,在第一个P符号中,Tag用B[m]=1调制在反向散射参考信号上,而在第二个P符号中,Tag用B[m]=-1调制在反向散射参考信号上。在其余符号中,Tag调制反向散射数据符号B[m]。
因此,利用第一个P符号中的参考信号,UE可以简单地针对P符号进行平均计算,并获取以下信号:
同样地,利用第二个P符号中的参考信号,UE可以简单地针对P符号进行平均计算,获取以下信号:
通过求解由公式(21)和公式(22)组成方程,UE可以获取信道响应H2和H3。最后,根据公式(20),UE可以解调辅信号数据符号B[m],其中,m=2P+1,...,M。
值得注意的是,对于主信号数据符号的解调性能,可以通过降低主信号数据符号的码率(即,Code Rate)来提高信道编码增益。而对于辅信号数据符号的解调性能,可以通过选择较大的调制块N值来提高以增加处理增益(Processing Gain)。
值得注意的是,如果gNB使用波束赋形传输主信号的话,由于gNB到UE的链路增益小到可以被忽略不计,因此针对每M个辅信号只需要在第一个P符号中插入参考信号就可以有效解调辅信号数据符号B[m]。
实施例六:单载波相关的Tag接收信号和发送信号
当主信号使用多载波信号波形,而辅信号使用单载波信号波形的时候(即,载波承载选项三),Tag可以有效地选择辅信号长度是OFDM符号长度的整数倍的方法,并且有效地利用OFDM的循环前缀CP功能,减少时域参考信号的负担,提高共生反向散射通信的传输效率。
如图12所示的是基于OFDM载波主信号和基于单载波辅信号的调制示意图。其中,辅信号的长度等于OFDM符号长度,OFDM符号长度为9(包括长度为一的循环前缀CP)。 在此实施例中,多径信道径数为2,两条多径迟延差是一个OFDM样本。在主信号不需要附加时域参考信号的情况下,Tag能够在接收时域主信号上调制辅信号。具体地,Tag在调制过程中,辅信号调制时间是对齐多径信道的第一径迟延或对齐多径信道的最后一径迟延。如图12所示的是辅信号调制时间是对齐多径信道的第一径迟延的。通过时域主信号调制辅信号会对主信号进行相位翻转。但是UE接收端在进行DFT之前会去除循环前缀CP工作,因此辅信号对主信号的相位翻转可以看作是多径信道的相位,对主信号的数据解调不会产生任何影响。
值得注意的是,在此实施例中,从Tag到UE的信道是假设为单径信道。
如果从Tag到UE的信道是多径信道的话,主信号的循环前缀CP长度必须考虑从gNB到Tag,再到UE的总的最大多径信道迟延长度。
本实施例考虑gNB-Tag多径信道和Tag-UE多径信道。图13a所示的是gNB-Tag的两径信道,其中2径迟延差为一个OFDM样本,即,Δ;图13b所示的是Tag-UE的两径信道,其中2径迟延差为两个OFDM样本,即,2Δ;图13c所示的是gNB-Tag-UE合成多径信道。
具体地,从gNB发送的主信号的OFDM长度为13,其中包括循环前缀CP长度。由于gNB-Tag-UE合成多径信道的最短迟延径和最长迟延径的差为3Δ,因此主信号的循环前缀CP长度至少被设置为3个OFDM样本长度。在本实施例中,如图14a所示,主信号的OFDM-CP长度被设置为3个OFDM样本。
如图14a、图14b和图14c所示的是,从gNB发送的主信号通过图13a所示的gNB-Tag多径信道,被Tag接收,并在接收信号上调制Tag的辅信号,如图14a所示。值得注意的是,辅信号的长度等于OFDM符号长度。
更具体地,被Tag辅信号调制的信号被Tag反射,通过图13b所示的Tag-UE多径信道,被UE接收,如图14b所示。UE经过对OFDM符号去循环前缀CP处理后,得到主信号解调信号,如图14c所示。
更具体地,如图14c所示中所示的主信号解调信号是具有循环函数特征的信号,Tag辅信号对其没有任何影响。因此UE通过DFT运算,可以完成去除多径信道所带来的影响。
值得注意的是,由于不需要额外地插入时域参考信号,共生反向散射通信的效率相比拥有较短长度的辅信号来说,有比较高的传输效率。但是缺点是,为实现辅信号的长度是OFDM符号的整数倍,关于主信号和辅信号的长度有两种选项。
选项一,可以选择非常短的OFDM符号,这样辅信号传输速率可以被提高。但是,由于必须对OFDM符号插入gNB-Tag-UE合成多径信道的最大多径信道迟延长度的循环前缀CP,主信号的传输速率可能无法得到提升。
选项二,可以选择比较长的OFDM符号,这样主信号的传输速率可以被提高。辅信号的长度至少等于主信号的长度,因此辅信号的数据传送速率无法得到提升。
因此,在这种情况下,主信号和辅信号的长度可以根据两信号的业务相关QoS进行 有效地配置。
实施例七:多载波相关的Tag接收信号和发送信号
本实施例是关于针对主信号接收信号和生反向散射信号的调制处理过程。在本实施例中,主信号是由OFDM波形调制的,辅信号也是由OFDM波形调制的,即,本实施例选择的载波信号波形是属于载波承载选项四。
在Tag接收端每个部位的信号表示和特征有所不同的。图15所示的是四个不同信号点的接收信号。
在Tag的接受端①点,如方案三中说明的,Tag的接收gNB发送的时域主信号,可以被表示为公式(23):
其中,pT(t)是反向散射信号的脉冲波形,L1是gNB到Tag间的信道多径数,τ1,l是gNB到Tag间的信道多径的第l条径迟延,wr(t)是AWGN噪音。
在Tag的调制端②点,通过DFT把时域信号转换成频域信号,再进行循环前缀CP去除,因此频域信号可以被表示为公式(24):
其中,是长度为Q的DFT函数,q=0,1,...,Q-1,而Q是OFDM符号长度,Q=MN。
在Tag的调制端③点,频域主信号X[q]被长度为N的调制块分割,其中,每个调制块是由最小通信传输频域资源元OFDM子载波组成,包括参考信号和数据信号。Tag在频域主信号X[q]上进行BPSK调制并产生辅信号频域信号波形,可以被表示为公式(25):
XB[q]=B[m]PT[q]X[q]
其中,PT[q]是反向散射信号在频域上的波形,是取底函数(即,Floor Function)。
在Tag的调制端④点,最后Tag对频域信号重新加循环前缀CP处理,通过IDFT运算将频域信号XB[q]转换成时域信号xB[t],被表示为公式(26):
其中,是长度为Q的IDFT函数,q=0,1,...,Q-1,而Q是OFDM符号长度,Q=MN。
OFDM时域信号xB(t)被Tag反向散射到UE。
值得注意的是,由于Tag通过DFT处理,加上循环前缀CP去除的过程,导致gNB到Tag的信道多径的影响先被消除。然后,通过OFDM波形对辅信号调制,再重新加循环前缀CP,进行IDFT处理,因此UE端在解调主信号的时候,整体信道多径的影响可以被完全消除,接收端不会产生任何干扰信号,从而有效对抗多径衰落效应,提高UE对反 向散射信号的接收性能。
参见图16,本申请实施例提供一种反向散射通信处理装置,应用于第一设备,该装置1600包括:
第一发送模块1601,用于发送与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示以下任意一项:
(1)主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
(2)主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;
(3)主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
(4)主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述装置1600还包括:
第一配置模块,用于在所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形的情况下,或者,在所述主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形的情况下,在与所述主信号相关的时域信号中的每个调制块中设置参考信号。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述装置1600还包括:
第二配置模块,用于在所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形的情况下,或者在所述主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形的情况下,在与所述主信号相关的频域信号中的每个调制块中设置参考信号。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述参考信号的长度是由所述第一设备与所述反向散射通信设备之间的多径信道的最大长度确定的。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,在所述多径信道的最大长度为K×Δ的情况下,所述参考信号在每个调制块中的长度为(K+d)×Δ,K和d是大于或等于1的整数,d表示有效参考信号数,Δ表示所述多径信道的第二迟延径和第一迟延径的迟延径差。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述调制块是由最小通信传输时域资源元或频域资源元组成。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述最小通信传输频域资源元为正交频分复用OFDM子载波。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述装置1600还包括:
第二发送模块,用于发送所述主信号,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形或多载波信号波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述第一设备包括网络侧设备或终端。
本申请实施例提供的装置能够实现图6方法实施例实现的各个过程,并达到相同的技术效果,为避免重复,这里不再赘述。
参见图17,本申请实施例提供一种反向散射通信处理装置,应用于反向散射通信设 备,例如标签,装置1700包括:
第一接收模块1701,用于接收与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示任意一项:
(1)主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
(2)主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;
(3)主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
(4)主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述装置1700还包括:
第二接收模块,用于接收来自第一设备的主信号,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形或多载波信号波形;
确定模块,用于根据所述第一信息,确定辅信号的传输波形;
调制模块,用于对所述主信号和辅信号进行调制得到反向散射信号;
第三发送模块,用于向第二设备发送所述反向散射信号。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,确定模块进一步用于:
根据所述第一信息,以及所述反向散射通信设备的能力和/或所述反向散射通信设备与所述第二设备之间的信道类型,确定所述辅信号的传输波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,调制模块进一步用于:
根据与主信号相关的时域信号和辅信号进行时域上调制得到反向散射信号;
其中,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,或者,所述主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,调制模块进一步用于:
在与所述主信号相关的时域信号中的每个时域调制块中插入参考信号,得到目标时域信号;
对所述目标时域信号和辅信号进行时域上的调制得到反向散射信号;
其中,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述参考信号的长度是由所述第一设备与所述反向散射通信设备之间的多径信道的最大长度确定的;
或者,
所述参考信号的长度大于或等于第一多径信道的最短迟延径和最长迟延径的差,所述第一多径信道包括所述第一设备与所述反向散射通信设备之间的多径信道,以及所述反向散射通信设备和所述第二设备之间的多径信道。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,调制模块进一步用于:
在与所述主信号相关的时域信号中插入循环前缀CP,得到目标时域信号;
对所述目标时域信号和辅信号进行时域上调制得到反向散射信号;
其中,所述主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述辅信号的长度是OFDM符号长度的整数倍。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述循环前缀CP的长度是大于或等于第一值与第二值之和;
其中,所述第一值等于所述第一设备与反向散射通信设备之间的多径信道的最短迟延径和最长迟延径的差,所述第二值等于所述反向散射通信设备与所述第二设备之间的多径信道的最短迟延径和最长迟延径的差。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,调制模块进一步用于:
所述反向散射通信设备根据与主信号相关的频域信号和辅信号进行频域上调制得到反向散射信号;
其中,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,或者所述主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,调制模块进一步用于:
对与主信号相关的频域信号,进行离散傅里叶变换DFT处理和去除循环前缀CP处理,得到目标频域信号;
对所述目标频域信号插入参考信号和新的循环前缀CP,并调制辅信号得到反向散射信号。
本申请实施例提供的装置能够实现图7方法实施例实现的各个过程,并达到相同的技术效果,为避免重复,这里不再赘述。
参见图18,本申请实施例提供一种反向散射通信处理装置,应用于第二设备,装置1800包括:
第三接收模块1801,用于接收与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示以下至少一项:
(1)主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
(2)主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;
(3)主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
(4)主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述装置1800还包括:
第四接收模块,用于接收来自第一设备的主信号,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形或多载波信号波形。
在本申请的一种实施方式中,所述装置1800还包括:
第五接收模块,用于接收来自反向散射通信设备的反向散射信号,所述反向散射信号 是所述主信号和所述辅信号调制得到的。
本申请实施例提供的装置能够实现图8方法实施例实现的各个过程,并达到相同的技术效果,为避免重复,这里不再赘述。
图19为实现本申请实施例的一种终端的硬件结构示意图。该终端1900包括但不限于:射频单元1901、网络模块1902、音频输出单元1903、输入单元1904、传感器1905、显示单元1906、用户输入单元1907、接口单元1908、存储器1909以及处理器1940等中的至少部分部件。
本领域技术人员可以理解,终端1900还可以包括给各个部件供电的电源(比如电池),电源可以通过电源管理系统与处理器1940逻辑相连,从而通过电源管理系统实现管理充电、放电、以及功耗管理等功能。图19中示出的终端结构并不构成对终端的限定,终端可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件,或者组合某些部件,或者不同的部件布置,在此不再赘述。
应理解的是,本申请实施例中,输入单元1904可以包括图形处理单元(Graphics Processing Unit,GPU)19041和麦克风19042,图形处理器19041对在视频捕获模式或图像捕获模式中由图像捕获装置(如摄像头)获得的静态图片或视频的图像数据进行处理。显示单元1906可包括显示面板19061,可以采用液晶显示器、有机发光二极管等形式来配置显示面板19061。用户输入单元507包括触控面板19071以及其他输入设备19072中的至少一种。触控面板19071,也称为触摸屏。触控面板19071可包括触摸检测装置和触摸控制器两个部分。其他输入设备19072可以包括但不限于物理键盘、功能键(比如音量控制按键、开关按键等)、轨迹球、鼠标、操作杆,在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例中,射频单元1901接收来自网络侧设备的下行数据后,可以传输给处理器1940进行处理;另外,射频单元1901可以向网络侧设备发送上行数据。通常,射频单元1901包括但不限于天线、放大器、收发信机、耦合器、低噪声放大器、双工器等。
存储器1909可用于存储软件程序或指令以及各种数据。存储器1909可主要包括存储程序或指令的第一存储区和存储数据的第二存储区,其中,第一存储区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需的应用程序或指令(比如声音播放功能、图像播放功能等)等。此外,存储器1909可以包括易失性存储器或非易失性存储器,或者,存储器1909可以包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中,非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory,ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM,PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM,EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM,EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory,RAM),静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM,SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM,DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM,SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM,DDRSDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM,ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synch link DRAM,SLDRAM)和直 接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM,DRRAM)。本申请实施例中的存储器1909包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
处理器1940可包括一个或多个处理单元;可选地,处理器1940集成应用处理器和调制解调处理器,其中,应用处理器主要处理涉及操作系统、用户界面和应用程序等的操作,调制解调处理器主要处理无线通信信号,如基带处理器。可以理解的是,上述调制解调处理器也可以不集成到处理器1940中。
本申请实施例提供的终端能够实现图6、图7或图8的方法实施例实现的各个过程,并达到相同的技术效果,为避免重复,这里不再赘述。
请参阅图20,图20是本申请实施例应用的通信设备的结构图,如图20所示,通信设备2000包括:处理器2001、收发机2002、存储器2003和总线接口,其中,处理器2001可以负责管理总线架构和通常的处理。存储器2003可以存储处理器2001在执行操作时所使用的数据。
在本申请的一个实施例中,通信设备2000还包括:存储在存储器2003并可在处理器2001上运行的程序,程序被处理器2001执行时实现以上图6、图7或图8所示方法中的步骤。
在图20中,总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥,具体由处理器2001代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器2003代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起,这些都是本领域所公知的,因此,本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口提供接口。收发机2002可以是多个元件,即包括发送机和接收机,提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。
可选地,如图21所示,本申请实施例还提供一种通信设备2100,包括处理器2101和存储器2102,存储器2102上存储有可在所述处理器2101上运行的程序或指令,例如,该通信设备2100为终端时,该程序或指令被处理器2101执行时实现上述图6方法实施例的各个步骤,且能达到相同的技术效果,为避免重复,这里不再赘述;该通信设备2100为反向散射通信设备时,该程序或指令被处理器2101执行时实现上述图7方法实施例的各个步骤,且能达到相同的技术效果,为避免重复,这里不再赘述;该通信设备2100为网络侧设备时,该程序或指令被处理器2101执行时实现上述图8方法实施例的各个步骤,且能达到相同的技术效果,为避免重复,这里不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种可读存储介质,所述可读存储介质上存储有程序或指令,该程序或指令被处理器执行时实现图6、图7或图8方法及上述各个实施例的各个过程,且能达到相同的技术效果,为避免重复,这里不再赘述。
其中,所述处理器为上述实施例中所述的终端中的处理器。所述可读存储介质,可以是非易失性的,也可以是非瞬态的。可读存储介质,可以包括计算机可读存储介质,如计算机只读存储器ROM、随机存取存储器RAM、磁碟或者光盘等。
本申请实施例还提供了一种芯片,所述芯片包括处理器和通信接口,所述通信接口和所述处理器耦合,所述处理器用于运行程序或指令,实现图6、图7或图8所示及上述各个方法实施例的各个过程,且能达到相同的技术效果,为避免重复,这里不再赘述。
应理解,本申请实施例提到的芯片还可以称为系统级芯片,系统芯片,芯片系统或片上系统芯片等。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序/程序产品,所述计算机程序/程序产品被存储在存储介质中,所述计算机程序/程序产品被至少一个处理器执行以实现图6、图7或图8所示及上述各个方法实施例的各个过程,且能达到相同的技术效果,为避免重复,这里不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信系统,所述通信系统包括网络侧设备、终端和反向散射通信设备,所述终端用于执行如图6及上述各个方法实施例的各个过程,所述网络侧设备用于执行如图8及上述各个方法实施例的各个过程,所述反向散射通信设备用于执行如图7及上述各个方法实施例的各个过程且能达到相同的技术效果,为避免重复,这里不再赘述。
需要说明的是,在本文中,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。此外,需要指出的是,本申请实施方式中的方法和装置的范围不限按示出或讨论的顺序来执行功能,还可包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序来执行功能,例如,可以按不同于所描述的次序来执行所描述的方法,并且还可以添加、省去、或组合各种步骤。另外,参照某些示例所描述的特征可在其他示例中被组合。
通过以上的实施方式的描述,本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到上述实施例方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现,当然也可以通过硬件,但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解,本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以计算机软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中,包括若干指令用以使得一台终端(可以是手机,计算机,服务器,空调器,或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述的方法。
上面结合附图对本申请的实施例进行了描述,但是本申请并不局限于上述的具体实施方式,上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的,而不是限制性的,本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的启示下,在不脱离本申请宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下,还可做出很多形式,均属于本申请的保护之内。

Claims (33)

  1. 一种反向散射通信处理方法,包括:
    第一设备发送与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示以下任意一项:
    主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述方法还包括:
    在所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形的情况下,或者,在所述主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形的情况下,所述第一设备在与所述主信号相关的时域信号中的每个调制块中设置参考信号。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述方法还包括:
    在所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形的情况下,或者在所述主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形的情况下,所述第一设备在与所述主信号相关的频域信号中的每个调制块中设置参考信号。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法,其中,所述参考信号的长度是由所述第一设备与所述反向散射通信设备之间的多径信道的最大长度确定的。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中,在所述多径信道的最大长度为K×Δ的情况下,所述参考信号在每个调制块中的长度为(K+d)×Δ,K和d是大于或等于1的整数,d表示有效参考信号数,Δ表示所述多径信道的第二迟延径和第一迟延径的迟延径差。
  6. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法,其中,所述调制块是由最小通信传输时域资源元或频域资源元组成。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中,所述最小通信传输频域资源元为正交频分复用OFDM子载波。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述方法还包括:
    所述第一设备发送所述主信号,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形或多载波信号波形。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的方法,其中,所述主信号是所述第一设备发送的信号,所述辅信号是反向散射通信设备发送的信号。
  10. 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的方法,其中,所述第一设备包括网络侧设备或终端。
  11. 一种反向散射通信处理方法,包括:
    反向散射通信设备接收与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示任意一项:
    主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法,其中,所述方法还包括:
    所述反向散射通信设备接收来自第一设备的主信号,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形或多载波信号波形;
    所述反向散射通信设备根据所述第一信息,确定辅信号的传输波形;
    所述反向散射通信设备对所述主信号和辅信号进行调制得到反向散射信号;
    所述反向散射通信设备向第二设备发送所述反向散射信号。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中,所述反向散射通信设备根据所述第一信息,确定辅信号的传输波形,包括:
    所述反向散射通信设备根据所述第一信息,以及所述反向散射通信设备的能力和/或所述反向散射通信设备与所述第二设备之间的信道类型,确定所述辅信号的传输波形。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中,所述反向散射通信设备对所述主信号和辅信号进行调制得到反向散射信号,包括:
    所述反向散射通信设备根据与主信号相关的时域信号和辅信号进行时域上调制得到反向散射信号;
    其中,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,或者,所述主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中,所述反向散射通信设备根据与主信号相关的时域信号和辅信号进行时域上调制得到反向散射信号,包括:
    所述反向散射通信设备在与所述主信号相关的时域信号中的每个时域调制块中插入参考信号,得到目标时域信号;
    所述反向散射通信设备对所述目标时域信号和辅信号进行时域上的调制得到反向散射信号;
    其中,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法,其中,所述参考信号的长度是由所述第一设备与所述反向散射通信设备之间的多径信道的最大长度确定的;
    或者,
    所述参考信号的长度大于或等于第一多径信道的最短迟延径和最长迟延径的差,所述 第一多径信道包括所述第一设备与所述反向散射通信设备之间的多径信道,以及所述反向散射通信设备和所述第二设备之间的多径信道。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中,所述反向散射通信设备根据与主信号相关的时域信号和辅信号进行时域上的调制得到反向散射信号,包括:
    所述反向散射通信设备在与所述主信号相关的时域信号中插入循环前缀CP,得到目标时域信号;
    所述反向散射通信设备对所述目标时域信号和辅信号进行时域上调制得到反向散射信号;
    其中,所述主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法,其中,所述辅信号的长度是OFDM符号长度的整数倍。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的方法,其中,所述循环前缀CP的长度是大于或等于第一值与第二值之和;
    其中,所述第一值等于所述第一设备与反向散射通信设备之间的多径信道的最短迟延径和最长迟延径的差,所述第二值等于所述反向散射通信设备与所述第二设备之间的多径信道的最短迟延径和最长迟延径的差。
  20. 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中,所述反向散射通信设备对所述主信号和辅信号进行调制得到反向散射信号,包括:
    所述反向散射通信设备根据与主信号相关的频域信号和辅信号进行频域上调制得到反向散射信号;
    其中,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,或者所述主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,所述辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的方法,其中,所述反向散射通信设备根据与主信号相关的频域信号和辅信号进行频域上调制得到反向散射信号,包括:
    所述反向散射通信设备对与主信号相关的频域信号,进行离散傅里叶变换DFT处理和去除循环前缀CP处理,得到目标频域信号;
    所述反向散射通信设备对所述目标频域信号插入参考信号和新的循环前缀CP,并调制所述辅信号得到反向散射信号。
  22. 根据权利要求11至21任一项所述的方法,其中,所述主信号是第一设备发送的信号,所述辅信号是反向散射通信设备发送的信号。
  23. 根据权利要求11-21任一项所述的方法,其中,所述反向散射通信设备包括标签。
  24. 一种反向散射通信处理方法,包括:
    第二设备接收与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示以下至少一项:
    主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的方法,其中,所述方法还包括:
    所述第二设备接收来自第一设备的主信号,所述主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形或多载波信号波形。
  26. 根据权利要求24所述的方法,其中,所述方法还包括:
    所述第二设备接收来自反向散射通信设备的反向散射信号,所述反向散射信号是所述主信号和所述辅信号调制得到的。
  27. 根据权利要求24至26任一项所述的方法,其中,所述主信号是第一设备发送的信号,所述辅信号是反向散射通信设备发送的信号。
  28. 根据权利要求24至26任一项所述的方法,其中,所述第二设备包括网络侧设备或终端。
  29. 一种反向散射通信处理装置,应用于第一设备,包括:
    第一发送模块,用于发送与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示以下任意一项:
    主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
  30. 一种反向散射通信处理装置,应用于反向散射通信设备,包括:
    第一接收模块,用于接收与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示任意一项:
    主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
  31. 一种反向散射通信处理装置,应用于第二设备,包括:
    第三接收模块,用于接收与反向散射通信相关的第一信息,所述第一信息用于指示以下至少一项:
    主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为单载波信号波形;
    主信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形,辅信号的传输波形为多载波信号波形。
  32. 一种通信设备,包括处理器,存储器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令,所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至28中任一项所述的方法的步骤。
  33. 一种可读存储介质,所述可读存储介质上存储程序或指令,所述程序或指令被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至28中任一项所述的方法的步骤。
PCT/CN2023/112531 2022-08-17 2023-08-11 反向散射通信处理方法、装置、通信设备及可读存储介质 WO2024037447A1 (zh)

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