WO2024035015A1 - 펙소페나딘을 포함하는 퇴행성 신경질환의 예방, 개선 또는 치료용 조성물 - Google Patents
펙소페나딘을 포함하는 퇴행성 신경질환의 예방, 개선 또는 치료용 조성물 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024035015A1 WO2024035015A1 PCT/KR2023/011489 KR2023011489W WO2024035015A1 WO 2024035015 A1 WO2024035015 A1 WO 2024035015A1 KR 2023011489 W KR2023011489 W KR 2023011489W WO 2024035015 A1 WO2024035015 A1 WO 2024035015A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
- A61P25/16—Anti-Parkinson drugs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2200/00—Function of food ingredients
- A23V2200/30—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health
- A23V2200/322—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health having an effect on the health of the nervous system or on mental function
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
- A23V2250/30—Other Organic compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composition for preventing, improving or treating neurodegenerative diseases containing fexofenadine.
- Neurodegenerative diseases are diseases associated with the gradual loss of structure or function of nerve cells, including death of nerve cells.
- the onset of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease is known to be closely related to the death of nerve cells.
- Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system mainly caused by degeneration or arteriosclerotic changes in the diencephalon. Movement disorders are the main symptom. In the brain of normal people, nerve cells in a region called the substantia nigra are degenerated, and nerve cells are created there. Loss is caused by a deficiency of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive motor nervous system disease that occurs when nerve cells that produce dopamine are damaged, resulting in a lack of dopamine and the dominance of acetylcholine, which maintains balance. The main symptoms of this disease are damage to the hands, arms, legs, face, etc. This manifests as trembling tremors, stiffness of the limbs or body, bradykinesia of slow movements, and postural instability that prevents balance.
- Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly, and is characterized by pathologies such as overall brain atrophy, enlargement of the ventricles, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuropathic plaques. It exhibits histological characteristics, resulting in a gradual decline in intellectual functions such as memory, judgment, and language skills, as well as disorders in daily life skills, personality, and behavioral patterns.
- fexofenadine is an antihistamine medicine used to treat allergic symptoms such as seasonal allergies and chronic urticaria (Compalati, E et al., (2011). International Archives of Allergy and Immunology. 156 (1): 1-15. ), currently sold under the brand name Allegra.
- fexofenadine acts as a selective peripheral H1 blocker, and is classified as a second-generation antihistamine because it does not pass through the blood-brain barrier and has less sedative effect compared to first-generation antihistamines.
- Parkinson's animal model which is an animal model of degenerative neurological disease
- fexofenadine which has already been approved by the FDA as an antihistamine and has proven safety, can inhibit damage or death of nerve cells, and that fexofenadine was administered
- behavioral ability can actually be improved in an animal model of neurodegenerative disease
- the effectiveness of fexofenadine in treating neurodegenerative disease was demonstrated for the first time.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel use for fexofenadine.
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases containing fexofenadine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
- the degenerative neurological diseases include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Lou Gehrig's disease, spinal amyotrophy, Niemann-Pick disease, synucleinopathy and dementia. It may be characterized as being selected from the group consisting of.
- the pharmaceutical composition may further include a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
- the pharmaceutical composition may be characterized as protecting nerve cells from nerve cell toxicity.
- the pharmaceutical composition is
- the pharmaceutical composition is administered to the individual to whom the pharmaceutical composition is administered.
- the present invention also provides a food composition comprising fexofenadine.
- the food may be characterized as a health functional food for preventing or improving neurodegenerative diseases.
- the degenerative neurological diseases include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Lou Gehrig's disease, spinal amyotrophy, Niemann-Pick disease, synucleinopathy and dementia. It may be characterized as being selected from a group consisting of:
- the present invention also provides a composition for protecting nerve cells containing fexofenadine as an active ingredient.
- Fexofenadine according to the present invention is a compound already commercialized for pharmaceutical use and its safety has been proven, and when fexofenadine is administered to a neurodegenerative disease model, a marked improvement in behavioral ability is confirmed, inhibition of death of dopaminergic neurons, inflammation -Exercise the effect of protecting neurons, such as suppressing damage to intermediary neurons or degeneration of neurons, suppressing the formation of alpha-synuclein aggregates, and/or suppressing the abnormal increase in the number and/or activation of astrocytes, and preventing neurodegenerative diseases. Since it has the effect of extending the lifespan of the model, the composition according to the present invention may be useful in preventing, improving, or treating neurodegenerative diseases.
- Figure 1 shows the 6-OHDA injection site and fexofenadine administration and analysis schedule for the production of Parkinson's disease model (6-OHDA model) mice.
- Figure 2a shows the results of a bridge test to confirm the therapeutic effect of fexofenadine administration in Parkinson's disease model (6-OHDA model) mice (*p ⁇ 0.05, **p ⁇ 0.01).
- Figure 2b shows the results of the Pole test to confirm the therapeutic effect of fexofenadine administration in Parkinson's disease model (6-OHDA model) mice (*p ⁇ 0.05, **p ⁇ 0.01, ***p ⁇ 0.001).
- Figure 2c shows the results of a cylinder test to confirm the therapeutic effect of fexofenadine administration in Parkinson's disease model (6-OHDA model) mice (*p ⁇ 0.05, **p ⁇ 0.01, ***p ⁇ 0.001).
- Figure 3 shows the results of analyzing the ratio of TH-positive neurons and the number of TH-positive neurons in the substantia nigra to confirm the therapeutic effect of fexofenadine administration in Parkinson's disease model (6-OHDA model) mice (*p ⁇ 0.05, **p ⁇ 0.01, ***p ⁇ 0.001; and Scale bar: 50 ⁇ m).
- Figure 4 shows the results of analyzing the density of TH-positive neurons in the striatum to confirm the therapeutic effect of fexofenadine administration in Parkinson's disease model (6-OHDA model) mice (*p ⁇ 0.05, **p ⁇ 0.01, * **p ⁇ 0.001; and Scale bar: 50 ⁇ m).
- Figure 5 shows the results of analyzing the number of activated microglia through Iba-1 staining to confirm the therapeutic effect of fexofenadine administration in Parkinson's disease model (6-OHDA model) mice (*p ⁇ 0.05, ** p ⁇ 0.01, ***p ⁇ 0.001; and Scale bar: 50 ⁇ m).
- Figure 6 shows the injection site of alpha-synuclein and fexofenadine administration and analysis schedule for the production of Parkinson's disease model (alpha-synuclein injection model) mice.
- FIG. 7a To confirm the therapeutic effect of fexofenadine administration in Parkinson's disease model (alpha-synuclein injection model) mice, cingulate cortex (Cg), primary motor, ipsilateral and contralateral side injected with alpha-synuclein were examined.
- Alpha-synuclein Ser-129 phosphorylated aggregates were stained in the cortex (M1), secondary motor cortex (M2), caudate putamen (CPu), perirhinal cortex (PRh), midbrain reticular nucleus (MRN), and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). This is the result (Scale bar: 50 ⁇ m).
- Figure 7b shows brain tissue in various areas of the ipsilateral and contralateral sides where alpha-synuclein was injected to confirm the therapeutic effect of fexofenadine administration in Parkinson's disease model (alpha-synuclein injection model) mice. This is the result of quantitative analysis of the number of pSer129 a-syn pathology (*p ⁇ 0.05, **p ⁇ 0.01, ***p ⁇ 0.001, ****p ⁇ 0.0001).
- Figure 8 shows the cortex, striatum, and substantia nigra of the ipsilateral and contralateral sides injected with alpha-synuclein to confirm the therapeutic effect of fexofenadine administration in Parkinson's disease model (alpha-synuclein injection model) mice. This is the result of GFAP staining (*p ⁇ 0.05, **p ⁇ 0.01, ***p ⁇ 0.001; and Scale bar: 50 ⁇ m).
- Figure 9 shows the cortex, striatum, and substantia nigra of the ipsilateral and contralateral sides injected with alpha-synuclein to confirm the therapeutic effect of fexofenadine administration in Parkinson's disease model (alpha-synuclein injection model) mice. This is the result of analyzing the number of activated microglia through Iba-1 staining (*p ⁇ 0.05, **p ⁇ 0.01, ***p ⁇ 0.001; and Scale bar: 50 ⁇ m).
- Figure 10a shows the results of confirming with Venus fluorescence per unit area whether fexofenadine inhibits the formation of alpha-synuclein aggregates in the BIFC-a-syn C. elegans Parkinson's disease model (*p ⁇ 0.05).
- Figure 10b shows the results of confirming with Venus fluorescence intensity whether fexofenadine inhibits the formation of alpha-synuclein aggregates in the BIFC-a-syn C. elegans Parkinson's disease model (*p ⁇ 0.05).
- Figure 10c shows the results of pharyngeal pumping analysis to confirm whether fexofenadine restores exercise ability in the BIFC-a-syn C. elegans Parkinson's disease model (*p ⁇ 0.05).
- Figure 10d is the result of life-span analysis to confirm the effect of fexofenadine treatment on the lifespan of the BIFC-a-syn C. elegans Parkinson 's disease model (*p ⁇ 0.05).
- the term “About” or “Approximately” means within an acceptable error range for a specific value as determined by a person skilled in the art, and how the value is measured or determined, i.e. It depends in part on the limitations of the measurement system. For example, “about” can mean within 1 or more than 1 standard deviation, depending on the practice in the art. Alternatively, “about” can mean a range of less than 20%, less than 10%, less than 5%, or less than 1% of a given value or range. Alternatively, particularly in relation to biological systems or processes, the term can mean within an order of magnitude within 5 or within 2 orders of magnitude of a particular value. When specific values are stated herein and in the claims, it should be assumed that the term “about” means within an acceptable margin of error for the specific value, unless otherwise stated.
- “administration” of a compound means providing the compound or a prodrug of the compound to a subject in need of treatment.
- fexofenadine when administered to an animal model of neurodegenerative disease, the behavioral abilities of the animal model of neurodegenerative disease are restored to the normal level, and in histological analysis, dopaminergic neurons are protected and inflammation-mediated neuron damage and damage are prevented. It was confirmed that it has the effect of suppressing the degeneration of nerve cells.
- the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases comprising fexofenadine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
- “fexofenadine” may be a compound represented by the following formula (1):
- “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” refers to a salt that retains the biological effects and properties of the free base or free acid, but not where it is biologically undesirable or otherwise undesirable.
- the salts include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid, etc., especially hydrochloric acid, and organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, It is formed from citric acid, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, mandelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, salicylic acid, and N-acetylcysteine.
- the salt can be prepared by adding an inorganic base or an organic base to the free acid.
- Salts derived from inorganic bases include, but are not limited to, sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium, calcium, and magnesium salts.
- Salts derived from organic bases include naturally occurring substituted amines, cyclic amines and basic ion exchange resins such as isopropylamine, trimethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, ethanolamine, lysine, arginine, N -Salts of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, substituted amines, including ethylpiperidine, piperidine, and polyimine resins, but are not limited thereto.
- the compounds of the present invention may contain several asymmetric centers and may form optically pure enantiomers, mixtures of enantiomers, such as racemates, optically pure diastereomers, mixtures of diastereomers, diastereomers, etc. It may exist in the form of semimers or mixtures of diastereomeric racemates. According to the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog convention, asymmetric carbon atoms can be in the “R” or “S” configuration.
- “degenerative neurological disease” refers to a disease associated with symptoms caused by damage to nerve cells, degeneration of nerve cells, loss of nerve cell function, and/or death of nerve cells, including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. , Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Lou Gehrig's disease, spinal amyotrophy, Niemann-Pick disease, synucleinopathy, and dementia, but is not limited to this. No.
- the dementia may be senile dementia, diabetic dementia, alcoholic dementia, or vascular dementia, but is not limited thereto.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may further include various excipients, including pharmaceutically acceptable diluents or carriers.
- the pharmaceutical pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be provided by administering it to a subject according to the need.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be administered to humans.
- composition of the present invention can be administered singly or co-administered to a patient.
- Coadministration means involving the simultaneous or sequential administration of compounds, individually or in combination (more than one compound or agent). Accordingly, the preparation may also be combined with other active substances if desired.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be formulated and used in the form of oral dosage forms such as powders, granules, tablets, capsules, suspensions, emulsions, syrups, aerosols, external preparations, suppositories, or sterile injectable solutions according to conventional methods. there is.
- composition of the present invention can be administered orally or parenterally (eg, intravenously, subcutaneously, intraperitoneally, or topically) depending on the desired method.
- Solid preparations for oral administration include tablets, pills, powders, granules, capsules, etc. These solid preparations contain at least one excipient, such as starch, calcium carbonate, sucrose, or lactose. It can be prepared by mixing (Lactose), gelatin, etc. In addition to simple excipients, lubricants such as magnesium styrate and talc can also be used.
- excipient such as starch, calcium carbonate, sucrose, or lactose. It can be prepared by mixing (Lactose), gelatin, etc.
- lubricants such as magnesium styrate and talc can also be used.
- Liquid preparations for oral administration include suspensions, oral solutions, emulsions, and syrups.
- simple diluents such as water and liquid paraffin, they contain various excipients such as wetting agents, sweeteners, fragrances, and preservatives. You can.
- Preparations for parenteral administration include sterile aqueous solutions, non-aqueous solutions, suspensions, emulsions, lyophilized preparations, and suppositories.
- Non-aqueous solvents and suspensions include propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oil such as olive oil, and injectable ester such as ethyl oleate.
- the pharmaceutical composition may be a sterile injectable preparation as a sterile injectable aqueous or oily suspension.
- This suspension may be formulated according to techniques known in the art using suitable dispersing or wetting agents (e.g. Tween 80) and suspending agents.
- Sterile injectable preparations may also be sterile injectable solutions or suspensions (e.g., solutions in 1,3-butanediol) in non-toxic, parenterally acceptable diluents or solvents.
- Vehicles and solvents that can be tolerated include mannitol, water, Ringer's solution, and isotonic sodium chloride solution. Additionally, sterile fixed oils can typically be used as solvents or suspending media.
- any non-irritating fixed oil may be used, including synthetic mono- or diglycerides.
- Fatty acids such as oleic acid and its glyceride derivatives, are useful in injectable formulations, as are pharmaceutically acceptable natural oils (e.g., olive oil or castor oil), especially their polyoxyethylated versions.
- compositions of the present invention can also be administered in the form of a suppository for rectal administration.
- These compositions can be prepared by mixing the compounds of the invention with suitable non-irritating excipients that are solid at room temperature but liquid at rectal temperature. These substances include, but are not limited to, cocoa butter, beeswax, and polyethylene glycol.
- parenteral administration of the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention is particularly useful when the desired treatment involves areas or organs that are easily accessible by topical application.
- the pharmaceutical composition When applied topically to the skin, the pharmaceutical composition should be formulated as a suitable ointment containing the active ingredient suspended or dissolved in a carrier.
- Carriers for topical administration of the compounds of the present invention include, but are not limited to, mineral oil, liquid paraffin, white petroleum jelly, propylene glycol, polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene compounds, emulsifying wax, and water.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be formulated as a suitable lotion or cream containing the active compound suspended or dissolved in a carrier.
- Suitable carriers include, but are not limited to, mineral oil, sorbitan monostearate, polysorbate 60, cetyl ester wax, cetearyl alcohol, 2-octyldodecanol, benzyl alcohol and water.
- the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention can also be applied topically to the lower intestinal tract by rectal suppositories or with suitable enemas. Topically applied transdermal patches are also included in the invention.
- compositions of the present invention can be administered by intranasal aerosol or inhalation.
- These compositions are prepared according to techniques well known in the art and dissolved in saline using benzyl alcohol or other suitable preservatives, absorption enhancers to enhance bioavailability, fluorocarbons and/or other solubilizers or dispersants known in the art. It can be prepared as a solution.
- the relative amounts of the active ingredient, pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, and/or any additional ingredients in the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention will vary depending on the identity, size, and/or disorder of the subject being treated and the route by which the composition is administered. .
- the content of the active ingredient included in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 0.0001 to 100% by weight, for example, 0.001 to 50% by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 0.01% by weight, based on the total weight of the final composition. It may be included in an amount of 10% by weight.
- pharmaceutically acceptable excipients include any solvent, dispersion medium, diluent, or other liquid vehicle, dispersion or suspension aid, surface active agent, isotonic agent, thickener or emulsifier, preservative, or solid that is suitable for the purpose of the particular dosage form. Includes binders, lubricants, etc. Remington's (The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 21st Edition, A. R. Gennaro, (Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD, 2006) describes various excipients used in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions and known methods for their preparation.
- the technology discloses any conventional carrier medium, except those that are incompatible with the substance or its derivatives by providing any undesirable biological effect or otherwise interacting in a deleterious manner with any of the other components of the pharmaceutical composition. are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
- Pharmaceutically acceptable excipients are at least 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% pure.
- the excipients are approved for human and veterinary use. In some embodiments, the excipient is approved by the Food and Drug Administration. In some embodiments, the excipient is pharmaceutical grade. In some embodiments, the excipient meets the standards of the United States Pharmacopeia (USP), European Pharmacopoeia (EP), British Pharmacopoeia, and/or International Pharmacopoeia (EP).
- USP United States Pharmacopeia
- EP European Pharmacopoeia
- EP British Pharmacopoeia
- EP International Pharmacopoeia
- compositions include, but are not limited to, inert diluents, dispersants and/or granulating agents, surface active agents and/or emulsifiers, disintegrants, binders, preservatives, buffers, lubricants, and/or oils. It is not limited.
- Exemplary diluents include calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, calcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, sodium lactose, sucrose, cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, kaolin, mannitol, sorbitol, inositol, sodium chloride, dried starch, Including, but not limited to, corn starch, powdered sugar, and combinations thereof.
- Exemplary granulating and/or dispersing agents include potato starch, corn starch, tapioca starch, sodium starch glycolate, clay, alginic acid, guar gum, citrus pulp, agar, bentonite, cellulose and wood products, natural sponges, cation-exchange resins.
- Exemplary surface active agents and/or emulsifiers include natural emulsifiers (e.g. acacia, agar, alginic acid, sodium alginate, tragacanth, Chondrux, cholesterol, xanthan, pectin, gelatin, egg yolk, casein, wool fat, cholesterol, wax, and lecithin), colloidal clays (e.g. bentonite [aluminum silicate] and veegum [magnesium aluminum silicate]), long-chain amino acid derivatives, high molecular weight alcohols (e.g.
- natural emulsifiers e.g. acacia, agar, alginic acid, sodium alginate, tragacanth, Chondrux, cholesterol, xanthan, pectin, gelatin, egg yolk, casein, wool fat, cholesterol, wax, and lecithin
- colloidal clays e.g. bentonite [aluminum silicate] and veeg
- stearyl alcohol cetyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol
- triacetin monostearate ethylene glycol distearate, glyceryl monostearate, and propylene glycol monostearate
- polyvinyl alcohol polyvinyl alcohol
- carbomers e.g. carboxy polymethylene, polyacrylic acid, acrylic acid polymer, and carboxyvinyl polymers
- carrageenans e.g. carboxymethylcellulose sodium, powdered cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methylcellulose
- sorbitan fatty acid esters e.g.
- polyoxyethylene monostearate [mirz 45]) , polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyethoxylated castor oil, polyoxymethylene stearate, and solutol), sucrose fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters (e.g. cremophor), polyoxyethylene ethers, ( For example, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether [Brise 30]), poly(vinyl-pyrrolidone), diethylene glycol monolaurate, triethanolamine oleate, sodium oleate, potassium oleate, ethyl oleate, oleic acid, ethyl.
- lauray Including, but not limited to, lauray, sodium lauryl sulfate, pluronic F68, poloxamer 188, cetrimonium bromide, cetylpyridinium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, docusate sodium, and/or combinations thereof.
- Exemplary binders include starches (e.g. corn starch and starch paste); gelatin; sugars (e.g. sucrose, glucose, dextrose, dextrin, molasses, lactose, lactitol, mannitol); Natural and synthetic gums (e.g.
- acacia sodium alginate, extract of Irish moss, Farnwer gum, Shatty gum, Isapol Husk's slime, carboxymethyl cellulose, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl) cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, cellulose acetate, poly(vinyl-pyrrolidone), magnesium aluminum silicate (bigum), and lachi arabogalactan); alginate; polyethylene oxide; polyethylene glycol; inorganic calcium salt; silicic acid; polymethacrylate; wax; water; Alcohol; and combinations thereof.
- Exemplary preservatives may include antioxidants, chelating agents, antimicrobial preservatives, antifungal preservatives, alcohol preservatives, acidic preservatives, and other preservatives.
- Exemplary antioxidants include alpha tocopherol, ascorbic acid, ascorbyl palmitate, butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, monothioglycerol, potassium metabisulfite, propionic acid, propyl gallate, sodium ascorbate, bisulfite. Including, but not limited to, sodium sulfate, sodium metabisulfite, and sodium sulfite.
- Exemplary chelating agents include ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), citric acid monohydrate, disodium edetate, disodium edetate, edetic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, phosphoric acid, sodium edetate, tartaric acid, and trisodium edetate. .
- EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- citric acid monohydrate disodium edetate
- disodium edetate disodium edetate
- edetic acid fumaric acid, malic acid
- phosphoric acid sodium edetate
- tartaric acid tartaric acid
- trisodium edetate trisodium edetate.
- Exemplary antimicrobial preservatives include benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, benzyl alcohol, bronopol, cetrimide, cetylpyridinium chloride, chlorhexidine, chlorobutanol, chlorocresol, chloroxylenol, cresol, ethyl alcohol, glycerin, Includes, but is not limited to, hexetidine, imidurea, phenol, phenoxyethanol, phenylethyl alcohol, phenylmercuric nitrate, propylene glycol, and thimerosal.
- Exemplary antifungal preservatives include, but are not limited to, butyl paraben, methyl paraben, ethyl paraben, propyl paraben, benzoic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, potassium benzoate sorbate, sodium benzoate, sodium propionate, and sorbic acid.
- Exemplary alcohol preservatives include, but are not limited to, ethanol, polyethylene glycol, phenol, phenolic compounds, bisphenol, chlorobutanol, hydroxybenzoate, and phenylethyl alcohol.
- Exemplary acidic preservatives include, but are not limited to, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, citric acid, acetic acid, dehydroacetic acid, ascorbic acid, sorbic acid, and phytic acid.
- preservatives include tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, deteroxyme mesylate, cetrimide, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluende (BHT), ethylenediamine, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES), Sodium Bisulfite, Sodium Metabisulfite, Potassium Sulfite, Potassium Metabisulfite, Glydant Plus, Fenonib, Methylparaben, Low Mol 115, Germaben II, Neolon, Katon, and E Including, but not limited to, Uxil.
- the preservative is an antioxidant.
- the preservative is a chelating agent.
- Exemplary buffering agents include citrate buffer solution, acetate buffer solution, phosphate buffer solution, ammonium chloride, calcium carbonate, calcium chloride, calcium citrate, calcium gluvionate, calcium gluceptate, calcium gluconate, D-gluconic acid, glyceroside.
- Exemplary lubricants include magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, stearic acid, silica, talc, malt, glyceryl behanate, hydrogenated vegetable oil, polyethylene glycol, sodium benzoate, sodium acetate, sodium chloride, leucine, magnesium lauryl sulfate, sodium. Including, but not limited to, lauryl sulfate, and combinations thereof.
- oils include almond, apricot kernel, avocado, babassu palm, bergamot, black currant seed, borage, cayenne, chamomile, canola, caraway, carnauba, castor, cinnamon, cocoa butter, coconut, cod liver, coffee. , corn, cotton seed, emu, eucalyptus, evening primrose, fish, flax seed, geraniol, pumpkin, grape seed, hazelnut, hyssop, isopropyl myristate, jojoba, kukui nut, lavandin, lavender, lemon, litthea cucumber.
- oils include butyl stearate, caprylic triglyceride, capric triglyceride, cyclomethicone, diethyl sebacate, dimethicone 360, isopropyl myristate, mineral oil, octyldodecanol, oleyl alcohol, silicone oil. , and combinations thereof.
- excipients may optionally be included in the formulations of the present invention.
- Excipients such as cocoa butter and suppository waxes, colorants, coating agents, sweeteners, flavors, and perfumers may be present in the composition at the discretion of the formulator.
- prevention refers to the use of the term “prophylaxis” in mammals, particularly in individuals who may be suffering from or susceptible to a condition, disorder or condition, but who have not yet experienced or exhibited clinical or subclinical symptoms of the condition, disorder or condition, in the future. Includes preventing or delaying the appearance of clinical or subclinical symptoms of a condition, disorder or condition.
- treatment of the present invention means,
- Inhibiting a condition, disorder, or condition e.g., inhibiting, reducing, or delaying the onset of a disease or, in the case of maintenance treatment, recurrence of at least one of the clinical or subclinical symptoms; and/or
- the benefit to the patient receiving treatment may be statistically significant, or at least perceptible to the patient or physician.
- those skilled in the art will understand that when drugs are administered to a patient to treat a disease, the result may not always be an effective treatment.
- compositions provided by the present invention relate in principle to pharmaceutical compositions for administration to humans, those skilled in the art will understand that such compositions are generally suitable for administration to all types of animals. That is, the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention is suitable for use in animals requiring veterinary treatment, such as livestock (e.g., dogs, cats, etc.), farm animals (e.g., cows, sheep, pigs, horses, etc.) and laboratory animals. It can also be administered to other mammals such as rats, mice, guinea pigs, etc. A skilled veterinary pharmacologist with a good understanding of the modifications of pharmaceutical compositions for administration to various animals can design and/or perform such modifications, if necessary, simply by routine experimentation.
- livestock e.g., dogs, cats, etc.
- farm animals e.g., cows, sheep, pigs, horses, etc.
- laboratory animals e.g., cows, sheep, pigs, horses, etc.
- laboratory animals e.g., cows, sheep, pigs,
- compositions described in the present invention may be prepared by any method known in the field of pharmacology or as discussed later in the text. Generally, these methods for tableting involve the steps of associating the active ingredient with excipients and/or one or more other auxiliary ingredients, followed by shaping and/or packaging the product into the desired single- or multi-dose units, if necessary or desired. Includes steps.
- compositions of the present invention may be manufactured, packaged, and/or sold unpackaged as a single unit dose and/or multiple single unit doses.
- a “unit dose” is a discrete amount of a pharmaceutical composition containing a predetermined amount of an active ingredient.
- the amount of active ingredient is generally equal to the dose of active ingredient administered to the subject and/or a convenient fraction of such dose such as for example 1/2 or 1/3 of the dose.
- administration means introducing a predetermined substance into a patient by any appropriate method, and the administration route of the pharmaceutical composition can be administered through any general route as long as the drug can reach the target tissue.
- the route of administration may include, but is not limited to, intraperitoneal administration, intravenous administration, intramuscular administration, subcutaneous administration, intradermal administration, oral administration, topical administration, intranasal administration, intrapulmonary administration, and intrarectal administration.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be administered in a pharmaceutically effective amount.
- the term “pharmaceutically effective amount” may mean a “therapeutically-effective amount,” which refers to a compound or composition (e.g., a compound or composition of the present invention sufficient to achieve a beneficial or desired result). refers to the amount of a compound or composition).
- a pharmaceutically effective amount can be administered in one or more administrations, applications or dosages and is not intended to be limited to a particular formulation or route of administration.
- the effective dose level is determined by the severity of the disease, the activity of the drug, the patient's age, weight, health, gender, the patient's sensitivity to the drug, the administration time of the composition of the present invention used, the route of administration and excretion rate, the treatment period, and the drug used. It can be determined according to factors including drugs combined or used simultaneously with the composition of the invention and other factors well known in the medical field.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be administered as an individual therapeutic agent or in combination with other therapeutic agents, and may be administered sequentially or simultaneously with conventional therapeutic agents. And it can be administered single or multiple times. It is important to consider all of the above factors and administer the amount that will achieve the maximum effect with the minimum amount without side effects.
- the dosage of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be determined by a person skilled in the art considering the purpose of use, the degree of addiction of the disease, the patient's age, weight, gender, antecedent history, or the type of substance used as an active ingredient.
- Allegra is administered orally in tablet form, 120 mg once a day with water.
- the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention containing fexofenadine as an active ingredient may be characterized as protecting nerve cells from nerve cell toxicity.
- fexofenadine may be characterized as having an effect of suppressing inflammation-mediated damage to nerve cells and degeneration of nerve cells and protecting nerve cells by inhibiting the activation of microglial cells.
- the pharmaceutical composition containing fexofenadine as an active ingredient improves (i) exercise ability of the subject to which the pharmaceutical composition is administered; and/or (ii) extending lifespan.
- the present invention relates to a method for preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases comprising administering fexofenadine to an individual in need thereof.
- the present invention relates to the use of fexofenadine for the prevention or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
- the present invention relates to the use of fexofenadine for the manufacture of a drug for preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases.
- the term "individual" of the present invention refers to all animals, including humans, that have already developed or are likely to develop a neurodegenerative disease, and that the disease can be effectively prevented and/or treated by administering the composition of the present invention to the individual. .
- the present invention relates to a food composition comprising fexofenadine.
- the food may be a health functional food for preventing or improving neurodegenerative diseases.
- the term “improvement” refers to any action that reduces at least the severity of a parameter related to the condition being treated, such as a symptom.
- degenerative neurological disease means a disease associated with symptoms caused by nerve cell damage, nerve cell degeneration, nerve cell function loss, and/or nerve cell death, Parkinson's disease It may be characterized as being selected from the group consisting of Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Lou Gehrig's disease, spinal amyotrophy, Niemann-Pick disease, synucleinopathy, and dementia, It is not limited to this.
- the dementia may be senile dementia, diabetic dementia, alcoholic dementia, or vascular dementia, but is not limited thereto.
- the composition can be added as is or used together with other foods or food ingredients, and can be used appropriately according to conventional methods.
- the composition of the present invention may be added in an amount of 15% by weight or less, preferably 10% by weight or less, based on the raw materials.
- it can be added in an amount of 5% by weight or less, and since there is no problem in terms of safety, the active ingredient can be added in amounts exceeding the above range. You can.
- the food composition of the present invention can be manufactured in all forms such as food additives, nutritional supplements, and health functional foods.
- the composition of the present invention can be prepared and consumed in the form of tea, juice, and drink, or can be consumed by granulating, encapsulating, and powdering.
- health drinks including alcoholic drinks
- fruits and processed foods e.g. canned fruit, bottled foods, jam, marmalade, etc.
- fish, meat and their processed foods e.g. ham, sausage, corned beef, etc.
- bread e.g. udon, buckwheat noodles, ramen, spaghetti, macaroni, etc.
- Noodles e.g. udon, buckwheat noodles, ramen, spaghetti, macaroni, etc.
- fruit juice various drinks, cookies, taffy, dairy products (e.g. butter, cheese, etc.), edible vegetable oil, margarine, vegetable protein, retort food, frozen food
- seasonings e.g., soybean paste, soy sauce, sauce, etc.
- natural carbohydrates When fexofenadine is manufactured by containing it in a health drink, it may contain various flavoring agents or natural carbohydrates as additional ingredients, like regular drinks.
- the above-mentioned natural carbohydrates may include monosaccharides such as glucose and fructose, disaccharides such as maltose and sucrose, natural sweeteners such as dextrin and cyclodextrin, and synthetic sweeteners such as saccharin and aspartame. .
- the ratio of the natural carbohydrates can be appropriately determined by the selection of a person skilled in the art.
- the food composition of the present invention contains various nutrients, vitamins, electrolytes, flavors, colorants, pectic acid and its salts, alginic acid and its salts, organic acids, protective colloidal thickeners, pH adjusters, stabilizers, preservatives, glycerin, and alcohol. , may contain carbonating agents used in carbonated drinks, etc.
- the food composition of the present invention may contain pulp for the production of natural fruit juice, fruit juice drinks, and vegetable drinks. These ingredients can be used independently or in combination. The proportions of these additives can also be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art.
- the present invention relates to a composition for protecting nerve cells containing fexofenadine as an active ingredient.
- compositions of various embodiments according to the present invention can be equally applied to neurodegenerative diseases caused by various causes.
- “Individual,” “patient,” and “Subject” are used interchangeably and refer to mammals, such as mice, rats, other rodents, rabbits, dogs, cats, and pigs. includes any animal, including cattle, sheep, horses, or primates, including humans
- Oxydopamine also known as 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) or 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenethylamine
- 6-OHDA 6-hydroxydopamine
- 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenethylamine is a synthetic neurotoxic drug that researchers use to selectively destroy dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurons in the brain. It is an organic compound used to develop and test new drugs and treatments for Parkinson's disease, and is known to induce Parkinson's disease in experimental animals by damaging dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (Simola, Nicola et al. (2007 ). "The 6-Hydroxydopamine model of parkinson's disease". Neurotoxicity Research. 11 (3): 151-167. Reference). Accordingly, a Parkinson's disease animal model was created by injecting 6-OHDA.
- mice 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice (Daehan Biolink, Eumseong, North Chungcheong province, Korea) were anesthetized by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 200 mg/kg of 2,2,2-tribromoethanol (Sigma-Aldrich); They were placed in a stereotaxic apparatus (David Kopf Instruments, Tujunga, CA, USA) equipped with a mouse adapter.
- a stereotaxic apparatus Daltial Instruments, Tujunga, CA, USA
- 6-OHDA-HCl solution (2 mg/ml) (Sigma Aldrich) in 0.02% ascorbic acid was injected into the right striatum at the following stereotactic coordinates (from the vestibular point): mm) were injected at: AP +1.0; ML-1.8; DV -3.2.
- the skin was sutured and the animal was removed from the stereotaxic apparatus and placed on a heating pad for 30 minutes. Normal control mice for the disease mouse model were injected with Vehicle (0.02% ascorbic acid) instead of 6-OHDA-HCl solution.
- the crossing time in the disease mouse control group (6OHDA) increased by about 2 times compared to the normal mouse control group (PBS-Control), but the disease in which fexofenadine was administered to the Parkinson's disease animal model In the mouse drug administration group (6OHDA + fexofenadine), the crossing time recovered to a level similar to that of the normal mouse control group (PBS-Control).
- the mouse was placed on a bar with a diameter of 8 mm and a length of 55 cm, and a pole test was performed to measure the time it took for the mouse's four feet to come down to the floor (landing time).
- the landing time of the mouse in the diseased mouse control group (6OHDA) was about 8 to 9 seconds, and the landing ability was significantly reduced compared to the landing time of about 6 seconds in the normal mouse control group (PBS-Control). It was found to decrease, and in the disease mouse drug administration group (6OHDA + fexofenadine), the landing time was about 6 seconds, confirming that administration of fexofenadine drug restored the landing ability of Parkinson's disease model mice to the normal level.
- the landing time of the normal mouse drug administration group was approximately 4.5 seconds, and it was confirmed that the landing ability was improved compared to the normal mouse control group (PBS-Control), so fexofenadine improved behavioral ability even in normal subjects. It was confirmed once again that it was effective.
- a cylinder test was performed in which a mouse was placed in a beaker with a diameter of 20 cm and a height of 40 cm, and the number of times the mouse raised its body and touched the beaker wall with its front paws was recorded. The results were expressed as a percentage of the number of steps on the forepaw opposite the damaged striatum compared to the forepaw opposite the undamaged striatum.
- Tyrosine hydroxylase also called tyrosine 3-monooxygenase
- L-DOPA L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine
- Catecholamines are known as markers for nerve cells and endocrine cells.
- Example 1 the mouse in Example 1 was anesthetized with urethane, the chest was cut, perfusion was performed by flowing perfusate through the left ventricle of the heart for 2 minutes, and the mouse brain was separated.
- the mouse brain was fixed by soaking in 4% paraformaldehyde, transferred to 30% sucrose, dehydrated, cut into 35 ⁇ m thick coronal sections on a freezing microtome, and incubated with cryoprotectants (25% ethylene glycol, 25% glycerol, and 0.05M phosphate). buffer) and stored.
- cryoprotectants (25% ethylene glycol, 25% glycerol, and 0.05M phosphate). buffer
- Tissue staining was performed using 6 sheets per mouse in the area containing the striatum (from 0.98 mm to -0.10 mm from the vertex) and the area containing the substantia nigra (from -2.80 mm to -3.88 mm from the vertex).
- brain tissue sections were washed three times with PBS in 24-wells and then treated with 3% hydrogen peroxide for 5 minutes to remove endogenous peroxidase activity. Then, for dopaminergic neuron staining, primary rabbit anti-TH antibody (Abcam, ab137721, 1:1000 dilution) was added to PBS containing 0.2% Triton X-100 and 1% BSA and incubated overnight at 4°C. did. Afterwards, the cells were incubated with secondary antibody (biotinylated anti-rabbit IgG, diluted 1:1000) at 4°C for 1 hour, and then ABC solution was added at room temperature and incubated for an additional hour. Tissue sections were colored with DAB for 2 minutes, attached to gelatin-coated slides, dehydrated by increasing the ethanol concentration starting from 70% ethanol to 80, 90, and 100%, and reacted with xylene for one day. Mounted.
- Optical density measurements or cell number measurements were used as the average of the values of six sections of tissue per mouse, and TH-positive neurons in the contralateral side undamaged by 6-OHDA were compared to TH-positive neurons in the right ipsilateral side (undamaged). Ipsilateral) was expressed as a ratio of the density or number of TH-positive neurons.
- the disease mouse control group (6OHDA) had a significantly reduced number of TH-positive neurons in the ipsilateral side of the substantia nigra compared to the normal mouse control group (PBS-Control), whereas the disease mouse drug-administered group (6OHDA+fexofenadine) had a significantly reduced number of TH-positive neurons. It was confirmed that the number of cells was restored to a level similar to that of the normal mouse control group (PBS-Control).
- fexofenadine has the effect of suppressing the death of dopaminergic neurons or protecting dopaminergic neurons against neuronal cell toxicity.
- Microglia display a surveillance mode in a normal state, but as they become activated, they sequentially go through inflammatory and anti-inflammatory phases, and are known to induce inflammation-mediated damage to nerve cells and degeneration of nerve cells. Therefore, the effect of fexofenadine on microglial activation was analyzed.
- Activated microglia were analyzed through staining with anti-Iba-1 antibody (Wako, 019-19741, 1:1000 dilution).
- the brain tissue preparation and tissue staining method for this purpose was performed in the same manner as the TH staining method in Example 3-1, and the images were analyzed using an Axio scan.Z1 slide scanner (Carl Zeiss, Germany). The cell number was measured and analyzed as the average value of three sheets of each tissue.
- the number of Iba-1 positive microglia was increased in the ipsilateral side of the striatum and substantia nigra in the disease mouse control group (6OHDA) compared to the normal mouse control group (PBS-Control), whereas the disease mouse drug administration group In (6OHDA + fexofenadine), the number of Iba-1 positive microglial cells was confirmed to be reduced to a level similar to that of the normal mouse control group (PBS-Control).
- fexofenadine has the effect of suppressing inflammation-mediated damage and degeneration of nerve cells and protecting nerve cells by suppressing the activation of microglial cells against nerve cell toxicity.
- mice 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice (Daehan Biolink, Eumseong, North Chungcheong province, Korea) were anesthetized by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 200 mg/kg of 2,2,2-tribromoethanol (Sigma-Aldrich); They were placed in a stereotaxic apparatus (David Kopf Instruments, Tujunga, CA, USA) equipped with a mouse adapter.
- a stereotaxic apparatus Daltial Instruments, Tujunga, CA, USA
- alpha-synuclein prepared from recombinant protein purified from BL21 Escherichia coli strain transformed with 5 mg/ml pRK172 a-synuclein plasmid was injected into the right striatum. Injections were made at the same stereotaxic coordinates (mm from the vestibular point): AP +1.0; ML-1.8; DV -3.2. The skin was sutured and the animal was removed from the stereotaxic apparatus and placed on a heating pad for 30 minutes.
- mice were orally administered 20 mg/kg of fexofenadine (Sigma Aldrich) dissolved in PBS (drug control) or PBS once a day, and the experiment was performed. Mice were sacrificed on day 30 and histological analysis was performed. Control mice were injected with Vehicle (PBS) instead of alpha-synuclein.
- PBS Vehicle
- PBS Normal mouse control group
- alpha-synuclein When alpha-synuclein is injected into the striatum of a mouse, it recruits endogenous alpha-synuclein of the mouse and forms alpha-synuclein Ser-129 phosphorylated aggregates inside neurons in the cortex, amygdala, and substantia nigra, causing neuronal death and nerve damage. It is known to impair function.
- Cg cingulate cortex
- M1 primary motor cortex
- M2 secondary motor cortex
- CPu caudate putamen
- perirhinal cortex on the ipsilateral and contralateral sides where alpha-synuclein was injected.
- brain tissue was separated from various locations on the ipsilateral and contralateral sides where alpha-synuclein was injected, and the number of pSer129 a-syn pathology was quantitatively analyzed using Zenblue 3.1 software.
- alpha-synuclein Ser-129 phosphorylated aggregates were overall present in various brain tissues on the ipsilateral and contralateral sides injected with alpha-synuclein. Although the level was confirmed to be very high, the formation of alpha-synuclein Ser-129 phosphorylated aggregates was confirmed to be suppressed in the diseased mouse drug-administered group (PFF-fexofenadine), and this pattern was more noticeable on the ipsilateral side where alpha-synuclein was injected. was observed.
- fexofenadine can inhibit the death of nerve cells and damage to nerve function by inhibiting the formation of alpha-synuclein Ser-129 phosphorylated aggregates.
- Glial fibrillary acidic protein is an intermediate microfilament protein of astrocytes.
- the expression of GFAP is regulated by various stages of post-traumatic signals and nerve activity.
- GFAP is responsible for nerve damage caused by central nervous system (CNS) damage or stress. It is used as a marker showing abnormal increase or activation (Astrogliosis) in the number of astrocytes due to cell destruction.
- the area containing the cortex (at -0.10 mm from 0.98 mm from the vertex), the area containing the striatum (at -0.10 mm from 0.98 mm from the vertex) and the area containing the substantia nigra (at -2.8 mm from the vertex) were -3.88 mm), six sheets per mouse were used, and tissue staining was performed in the same manner as in Example 3-2 using a GFAP antibody (Neuromics, Edina, MN, USA). Intensity was measured using ImageJ software to measure the difference in the drug-administered group of diseased mice compared to the normal mouse control group or the diseased mouse control group compared to the diseased mouse control group.
- fexofenadine exerts a protective effect on nerve cells by suppressing the abnormal increase in the number and activation of astrocytes caused by the destruction of nerve cells.
- Example 4 Using the Parkinson's disease animal model produced in Example 4, we attempted to analyze the effect of fexofenadine on microglial activation.
- the area containing the cortex (at -0.10 mm from 0.98 mm from the vertex), the area containing the striatum (at -0.10 mm from 0.98 mm from the vertex) and the area containing the substantia nigra (at -2.8 mm from the vertex) - 3.88 mm), 6 sheets per mouse were used and stained with IBA-1 in the same manner as in Example 3-2.
- the density of IBA-1 positive cells was significantly increased in the cortex and striatum on the contralateral side injected with alpha-synuclein compared to the normal mouse control group (PBS), but the disease mouse drug-administered group In (PFF-fexofenadine), it was confirmed that the density of IBA-1 positive cells was decreased compared to the disease mouse control group (PFF-PBS).
- fexofenadine has the effect of suppressing inflammation-mediated neuronal damage and neuronal degeneration and protecting neurons by inhibiting the activation of microglial cells against neuronal cytotoxicity.
- Lewy bodies Protein aggregates called Lewy bodies are formed in the neurons of the midbrain substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease patients, and it is known that alpha-synuclein aggregates in Lewy bodies, causing neurotoxicity.
- BiFC Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation
- the non-fluorescent protein fragments are the N-terminal Venus (VN) fragment and the C-terminal Venus (VC) fragment. It is divided into pieces, and as A and B, respectively connected to VN and VC, combine, they are reconstituted into a single fluorescent protein, Venus, and fluorescence is expressed.
- VN N-terminal Venus
- VC C-terminal Venus
- the present invention sought to verify whether fexofenadine inhibits the formation of alpha-synuclein aggregates using the BiFC-a-syn C. elegans Parkinson's disease model.
- plasmids in which VN-linked alpha-synuclein is overexpressed in muscle cells of the pharynx (Pharynx) and VC-linked alpha-synuclein is overexpressed in nerve cells that synapse with muscle cells were used at the Caenorhabditis Genetics Center (CGC, A C. elegans Parkinson's disease model (Venus- ⁇ S) expressing BiFC- ⁇ -syn was created by introducing it into wild-type Bristol N2 C. elegans purchased from the University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN (Kim DK et al. , (2016). Autophagy. 12(10):1849-1863).
- CGC Caenorhabditis Genetics Center
- L4 stage C. elegans (Venus- ⁇ S) models expressing BiFC- ⁇ -syn were transferred to plates containing DMSO (Dimethyl sulfoxide) or 50 ⁇ M fexofenadine drug and cultured in an incubator at 20°C for 2 days.
- the control group and the fexofenadine drug-treated C. elegans group were placed in M9 buffer (22mM KH 2 PO 4 , 22mM Na 2 HPO 4 , 85mM NaCl, 1mM MgSO 4 ) containing 10mM sodium azide. After being fixed and dispensed into a 96-well plate, the intensity of VENUS fluorescence was measured using an incell fluorescence scanning device (Cytiva).
- Pharyngeal pumping was counted for 1 min at room temperature using a light microscope 8 days after fexofenadine treatment, and data were expressed in PPM (pumps per minute).
- life-span analysis was performed to determine the effect of fexofenadine treatment on the lifespan of the C. elegans Parkinson's disease model.
- eggs laid by adults were grown to the L4 larval stage on NGM plates inoculated with E. coli OP50 (CGC) at 20°C.
- CGC E. coli OP50
- the L4 stage was reached, they were transferred to NGM plates containing 100mM 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (Sigma-Aldrich, F0503) to prevent progeny production.
- the number of living and dead C. elegans was recorded every 1 or 2 days. Worms that burst, were buried, or crawled out of the plate were also counted. Survival data were analyzed using OASIS2 (Survival Analysis Online Application for Lifespan Analysis http://sbi.postech.ac.kr/oasis/surv/).
- the lifespan of C. elegans wild type N2 was about 15 days, while the lifespan of the C. elegans Parkinson's disease model was shortened to about 12 days, but the lifespan of the fexofenadine-treated C. elegans Parkinson's disease model was about 15 days. Approximately 14 days, it was confirmed that fexofenadine extends the lifespan of the C. elegans Parkinson's disease model. Interestingly, it was confirmed that the lifespan of C. elegans was further extended when C. elegans wild type N2 was treated with fexofenadine.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 펙소페나딘 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염을 유효성분으로 포함하는 퇴행성 신경질환의 예방 또는 치료용 약학적 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 퇴행성 신경질환은 파킨슨병, 알츠하이머병, 헌팅톤병, 근위축성측색경화증, 다발성 경화증, 크로이츠펠트-야콥병, 루게릭병, 척수근위측증, 니만-픽병, 시누클레인병증 및 치매로 구성된 군에서 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 약학적 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 약학적으로 허용 가능한 부형제를 추가로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 약학적 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 약학적 조성물은 신경세포 독성으로부터 신경세포를 보호하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 약학적 조성물.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 약학적 조성물은(i) 도파민성 신경세포의 사멸 억제;(ii) 염증-매개 신경세포의 손상 또는 신경세포의 퇴화 억제;(iii) 알파-시누클레인 Ser-129 인산화 응집물 형성 억제; 및/또는(iv) 별아교세포 수의 비정상적인 증가 및/또는 활성화 억제;를 통하여 신경세포를 보호하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 약학적 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 약학적 조성물은, 상기 약학적 조성물이 투여된 개체의(i) 운동능력을 개선; 및/또는(ii) 수명을 연장;시키는 것을 특징으로 하는, 약학적 조성물.
- 펙소페나딘을 포함하는 식품 조성물.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 식품은 퇴행성 신경질환의 예방 또는 개선용 건강기능식품인 것을 특징으로 하는, 식품 조성물.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 퇴행성 신경질환은 파킨슨병, 알츠하이머병, 헌팅톤병, 근위축성측색경화증, 다발성 경화증, 크로이츠펠트-야콥병, 루게릭병, 척수근위측증, 니만-픽병, 시누클레인병증 및 치매로 구성된 군에서 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 식품 조성물.
- 펙소페나딘을 유효성분으로 포함하는 신경세포 보호용 조성물.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US19/100,913 US20250213545A1 (en) | 2022-08-12 | 2023-08-04 | Composition for prevention, alleviation, or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, comprising fexofenadine |
| CN202380059294.2A CN119855593A (zh) | 2022-08-12 | 2023-08-04 | 包含非索非那定的用于预防、改善或治疗神经退行性疾病的组合物 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020220101395A KR102935859B1 (ko) | 2022-08-12 | 2022-08-12 | 펙소페나딘을 포함하는 퇴행성 신경질환의 예방, 개선 또는 치료용 조성물 |
| KR10-2022-0101395 | 2022-08-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024035015A1 true WO2024035015A1 (ko) | 2024-02-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KR2023/011489 Ceased WO2024035015A1 (ko) | 2022-08-12 | 2023-08-04 | 펙소페나딘을 포함하는 퇴행성 신경질환의 예방, 개선 또는 치료용 조성물 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250213545A1 (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR102935859B1 (ko) |
| CN (1) | CN119855593A (ko) |
| WO (1) | WO2024035015A1 (ko) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105456265A (zh) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-04-06 | 韩自勤 | 一种盐酸非索非那定在制备治疗精神分裂症药物中的应用 |
| KR20170093737A (ko) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-08-16 | 경북대학교 산학협력단 | 혈관내피성장인자를 과발현한 줄기세포를 유효성분으로 포함하는 퇴행성 신경질환의 예방 또는 치료용 약학적 조성물 |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017526728A (ja) | 2014-09-15 | 2017-09-14 | インフラマトリー・レスポンス・リサーチ・インコーポレイテッド | 炎症介在性状態の治療におけるレボセチリジン及びモンテルカスト |
-
2022
- 2022-08-12 KR KR1020220101395A patent/KR102935859B1/ko active Active
-
2023
- 2023-08-04 CN CN202380059294.2A patent/CN119855593A/zh active Pending
- 2023-08-04 US US19/100,913 patent/US20250213545A1/en active Pending
- 2023-08-04 WO PCT/KR2023/011489 patent/WO2024035015A1/ko not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105456265A (zh) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-04-06 | 韩自勤 | 一种盐酸非索非那定在制备治疗精神分裂症药物中的应用 |
| KR20170093737A (ko) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-08-16 | 경북대학교 산학협력단 | 혈관내피성장인자를 과발현한 줄기세포를 유효성분으로 포함하는 퇴행성 신경질환의 예방 또는 치료용 약학적 조성물 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| ERIKSSON, U. K. ET AL.: "Asthma, Eczema, Rhinitis and the Risk for Dementia", DEMENT. GERIATR. COGN. DISORD., vol. 25, 2008, pages 148 - 156 * |
| MELTZER ELI O., ROSARIO NELSON AUGUSTO, VAN BEVER HUGO, LUCIO LUIZ: "Fexofenadine: review of safety, efficacy and unmet needs in children with allergic rhinitis", ALLERGY, ASTHMA & CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY, BIOMED CENTRAL LTD, LONDON, UK, vol. 17, no. 1, London, UK , XP093138796, ISSN: 1710-1492, DOI: 10.1186/s13223-021-00614-6 * |
| RAO JAGADEESH, CHIAPPELLI JOSHUA, KOCHUNOV PETER, REGENOLD WILLIAM T., RAPOPORT STANLEY I., HONG L. ELLIOT: "Is Schizophrenia a Neurodegenerative Disease? Evidence from Age-Related Decline of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in the Brains of Schizophrenia Patients and Matched Nonpsychiatric Controls", NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES, KARGER, CH, vol. 15, no. 1, 1 January 2015 (2015-01-01), CH , pages 38 - 44, XP093138792, ISSN: 1660-2854, DOI: 10.1159/000369214 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR102935859B1 (ko) | 2026-03-06 |
| KR20240022847A (ko) | 2024-02-20 |
| CN119855593A (zh) | 2025-04-18 |
| US20250213545A1 (en) | 2025-07-03 |
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