WO2024034234A1 - マルチコアファイバ、光デバイス、及びマルチコアファイバ集合体 - Google Patents

マルチコアファイバ、光デバイス、及びマルチコアファイバ集合体 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024034234A1
WO2024034234A1 PCT/JP2023/020031 JP2023020031W WO2024034234A1 WO 2024034234 A1 WO2024034234 A1 WO 2024034234A1 JP 2023020031 W JP2023020031 W JP 2023020031W WO 2024034234 A1 WO2024034234 A1 WO 2024034234A1
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Prior art keywords
core
end surface
core fiber
cores
face
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PCT/JP2023/020031
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
拓弥 小田
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Fujikura Ltd
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Fujikura Ltd
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Priority to EP23852218.9A priority Critical patent/EP4571375A1/en
Priority to CN202380047702.2A priority patent/CN119422088A/zh
Priority to US18/875,985 priority patent/US20250383502A1/en
Priority to JP2023553076A priority patent/JP7594129B2/ja
Publication of WO2024034234A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024034234A1/ja
Priority to JP2024203220A priority patent/JP2025020464A/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/262—Optical details of coupling light into, or out of, or between fibre ends, e.g. special fibre end shapes or associated optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
    • G02B6/2555—Alignment or adjustment devices for aligning prior to splicing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02042—Multicore optical fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/04—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings formed by bundles of fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multi-core fiber, an optical device including the multi-core fiber, or a multi-core fiber assembly including the multi-core fiber.
  • One aspect of the present invention has been made in view of the above problem, and an object thereof is to provide a multi-core fiber in which the inclination direction of the end face is appropriately set in consideration of connection, and an optical device including such a multi-core fiber. , or to realize a multi-core fiber assembly including such multi-core fibers.
  • a multi-core fiber includes a cladding, a plurality of cores formed in the cladding, and a first end surface and a second end surface that are inclined so as not to be perpendicular to the extending direction of the plurality of cores.
  • the first end surface is configured such that the angle between the extending direction of the plurality of cores on the first end surface and the extending direction of the plurality of cores on the second end surface is minimized.
  • the second end surface such that each of the plurality of cores on the first end surface at least partially overlaps with any one of the plurality of cores on the second end surface.
  • a configuration is adopted in which the direction of inclination of the second end face is set.
  • a multi-core fiber assembly includes at least a cladding, a plurality of cores formed in the cladding, and a first end surface inclined so as not to be perpendicular to the extending direction of each core. at least one second multicore having one first multicore fiber, a cladding, a plurality of cores formed in the cladding, and a second end surface inclined so as not to be perpendicular to the extending direction of each core.
  • a multi-core fiber assembly including fibers, wherein the plurality of cores are configured to minimize the angle formed between the extending direction of the plurality of cores on the first end surface and the extending direction of the plurality of cores on the second end surface.
  • the first end surface is configured such that each of the plurality of cores on the first end surface at least partially overlaps with any one of the plurality of cores on the second end surface when the first end surface and the second end surface are brought into surface contact with each other.
  • a configuration is adopted in which the inclination directions of the first end surface and the second end surface are set.
  • a multi-core fiber in which the inclination direction of the end face is appropriately set in consideration of connection, an optical device including such a multi-core fiber, or a multi-core fiber assembly including such a multi-core fiber. can be realized.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a multi-core fiber according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • (a) is a side view of the multi-core fiber
  • (b) is a front view of one end surface of the multi-core fiber
  • (c) is a front view of the other end surface of the multi-core fiber
  • (d) is a perspective view of the multi-core fiber.
  • 2 is a diagram showing a modification of the multi-core fiber shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of a multi-core fiber according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • (a) is a side view of the multi-core fiber
  • (b) is a front view of one end surface of the multi-core fiber
  • (c) is a front view of the other end surface of the multi-core fiber
  • (d) is a perspective view of the multi-core fiber.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a modification of the multi-core fiber shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. (a) is a front view of two end faces of a multi-core fiber according to a first modification
  • (b) is a front view of two end faces of a multi-core fiber according to a second modification
  • (c ) is a front view of two end faces of a multi-core fiber according to a third modification.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of a multi-core fiber according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a modification of the multi-core fiber shown in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. (a) is a front view of two end faces of a multi-core fiber according to a first modification
  • (b) is a front view of two end faces of a multi-core fiber according to a second modification
  • (c ) is a front view of two end faces of a multi-core fiber according to a third modification.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of a multi-core fiber according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • (a) is a side view of the multi-core fiber
  • (b) is a front view of one end surface of the multi-core fiber
  • (c) is a front view of the other end surface of the multi-core fiber
  • (d) is a perspective view of the multi-core fiber.
  • 8 is a diagram showing a modification of the multi-core fiber shown in FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of an optical device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • (a) is a side view of the optical device
  • (b) is a front view of one end face of the optical device
  • (c) is a front view of the other end face of the optical device.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of an optical device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a modification of the optical device shown in FIG. 10.
  • FIG. (a) is a front view of one end surface of an optical device according to a first modification
  • (b) is a front view of one end surface of an optical device according to a second modification
  • (c ) is a front view of one end surface of an optical device according to a third modification.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of a multi-core fiber assembly MFS according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a device.
  • FIG. 1 (a) is a side view of the multi-core fiber MF. Moreover, (b) is a front view of one end surface (hereinafter referred to as "first end surface") ⁇ 1 of the multi-core fiber MF viewed from the line of sight E1 direction. Further, (c) is a front view of the other end surface (hereinafter referred to as "second end surface”) ⁇ 2 of the multi-core fiber MF viewed from the line of sight E2 direction. Further, (d) is a perspective view of the multi-core fiber MF in a state where the first end face ⁇ 1 and the second end face ⁇ 2 are butted against each other.
  • the multi-core fiber MF includes n cores a1 to an and a cladding b.
  • the cladding b is a cylindrical member.
  • the cladding b is made of, for example, quartz glass.
  • Each core ai (i is a natural number from 1 to n) is a cylindrical region provided inside the cladding b, having a higher refractive index than the cladding b, and extending in the same direction as the cladding b.
  • Each core ai is made of, for example, quartz glass doped with an up-dopant such as germanium.
  • the cladding b only needs to be columnar, and its cross-sectional shape is arbitrary.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the cladding b may be, for example, a polygonal shape such as a quadrangle or a hexagon.
  • the multi-core fiber MF may further include cores other than the n cores a1 to an of interest in this embodiment.
  • a core provided at the center of the clad b may be provided as a core other than the n cores a1 to an of interest.
  • the n cores a1 to an of interest are, for example, cores used for communication, and in this case, they are preferably cores that meet the standards defined by ITU-T.
  • Cores other than the n cores a1 to an of interest may be cores used for communication or cores not used for communication (dummy cores), and in the latter case, the cores specified by ITU-T A core that does not meet the standards may be used.
  • the multi-core fiber MF further includes a marker c for identifying the core numbers 1 to n of the cores a1 to an.
  • the marker c is a columnar region provided inside the cladding b, having a different refractive index from the cladding b, and extending in the same direction as the cladding b.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the marker c is arbitrary, for example, circular, triangular, quadrangular, etc.
  • the marker c is made of, for example, quartz glass doped with a down dopant such as fluorine or boron. In this case, the refractive index of marker c is lower than the refractive index of cladding b.
  • the marker c is made of quartz glass doped with an up-dopant such as germanium, aluminum, phosphorus, or chlorine.
  • the refractive index of marker c is higher than the refractive index of cladding b.
  • the marker c may be formed using, for example, a hole punching method or a stack-and-draw method.
  • the outer diameter of marker c is usually smaller than the outer diameter of core ai.
  • the marker c may be a hole.
  • the refractive index of marker c is lower than the refractive index of cladding b.
  • the multi-core fiber MF may further include markers other than the marker c of interest in this embodiment.
  • the core numbers 1 to n of the cores a1 to an can be identified based on the distance from the marker c. For example, when cores a1 to an are arranged on the circumference, core numbers 1 to n of cores a1 to an can be identified as follows. First, the core number of the core a1 closest to the marker c is set to "1". Next, the core number of the core a2, which is the second closest to the marker c, is set to "2". When the above circumference is traced so as to pass through core a1 and core a2 in this order, the core number of core a3 that passes through third is "3", and the core number of core a4 that passes fourth is "4". ”, and the core number of the nth core an passing through is “n”.
  • this embodiment employs a configuration in which core numbers 1 to n are specified by referring to marker c
  • the structure referred to in order to specify core numbers 1 to n is not limited to marker c.
  • a configuration may be adopted in which the core numbers 1 to n are identified by referring to marks (eg, symbols, characters, etc.) formed on the surface of the cladding b.
  • the core numbers 1 to n may be identified by referring to marks formed on the surface of the coating.
  • a configuration may be adopted in which the core numbers 1 to n are identified by referring to a key (for example, a protrusion) formed on the connector.
  • a key for example, a protrusion
  • core numbers 1 to You may specify n.
  • a notch is provided on the side surface of the cladding b, the core numbers 1 to n may be identified by referring to the notch.
  • the first end face ⁇ 1 is inclined so as not to be perpendicular to the extending direction of the cores a1 to an.
  • the plane perpendicular to the extending direction of the cores a1 to an is regarded as a horizontal plane
  • the direction in which the downward gradient of the first end surface ⁇ 1 is maximum will be referred to as the inclination direction v1 of the first end surface ⁇ 1
  • the first The maximum value of the downward slope of the end surface ⁇ 1 is described as the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the first end surface ⁇ 1.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the first end surface ⁇ 1 is preferably 2° or more and 88° or less, more preferably 4° or more and 12° or less, even more preferably 7° or more and 9° or less, and 7.8 More preferably, the angle is at least 8.2°.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the first end surface ⁇ 1 is, for example, 8° or 6°. Note that the gradient in the non-tilting direction is preferably 0° or more and 2° or less, and more preferably 0° or more and 1° or less.
  • the second end face ⁇ 2 is inclined so as not to be perpendicular to the extending direction of the cores a1 to an.
  • the plane perpendicular to the extending direction of the cores a1 to an is regarded as a horizontal plane
  • the direction in which the downward slope of the second end surface ⁇ 2 is maximum will be referred to as the inclination direction v2 of the second end surface ⁇ 2
  • the second The maximum value of the downward slope of the end surface ⁇ 2 is described as an inclination angle ⁇ 2 of the second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 2 of the second end surface ⁇ 2 is preferably 2° or more and 88° or less, more preferably 4° or more and 12° or less, even more preferably 7° or more and 9° or less, and 7.8 More preferably, the angle is at least 8.2°.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 2 of the second end surface ⁇ 2 is, for example, 8° or 6°. Note that the gradient in the non-tilting direction is preferably 0° or more and 2° or less, and more preferably 0° or more and 1° or less.
  • the inclination direction v1 of the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the inclination direction v2 of the second end surface ⁇ 2 are determined so as to satisfy the following condition 1.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 are arranged so that the angle formed between the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the second end surface ⁇ 2 is minimized.
  • each of the cores a1 to an on the second end surface ⁇ 2 at least partially overlaps with any one of the cores a1 to an on the second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • modes in which two cores at least partially overlap include modes in which only a portion of one core overlaps only a portion of the other core, and modes in which only a portion of one core overlaps the entirety of the other core. , and a mode in which the entirety of one core overlaps with the entirety of the other core (that is, a mode in which the two cores overlap each other in just the right amount or amount).
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 are arranged so that the angle formed between the extending direction of ⁇ an and the extending direction of the cores of the MF cores a1 to an at the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the other multi-core fiber is minimized. Refers to connecting.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the angle ⁇ 2 of the second end surface ⁇ 2 are preferably 45° or more, more preferably 60° or more, and preferably 70° or more. More preferred.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the first end face ⁇ 1 and the inclination angle ⁇ 2 of the second end face ⁇ 2 may or may not match. However, it is preferable that the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the first end face ⁇ 1 and the inclination angle ⁇ 2 of the second end face ⁇ 2 are equal (substantially the same), and are the same (completely the same). More preferably.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the first end face ⁇ 1 and the inclination angle ⁇ 2 of the second end face ⁇ 2 are equivalent (substantially the same), for example, the difference
  • the slopes of the first end surface ⁇ and the second end surface ⁇ 2 with respect to the direction parallel to these straight lines are each preferably 5° or less, and more preferably 2° or less.
  • Condition 1' The first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 are brought into surface contact so that the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the first end surface ⁇ 1 matches the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • each of the cores a1 to an on the first end surface ⁇ 1 at least partially overlaps any one of the cores a1 to an on the second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 of one multi-core fiber MF and the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the other multi-core fiber MF are arranged in a straight line.
  • connecting the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 "so that the two multi-core fibers MF are arranged in a straight line" means "the extending direction of the cores a1 to an of one multi-core fiber MF".
  • the inclination direction v1 of the first end face ⁇ 1 and the inclination direction v2 of the second end face ⁇ 2 are determined such that their projections onto a plane orthogonal to the optical axis L0 are in opposite directions. ing. Therefore, the multi-core fiber MF according to this embodiment satisfies the following condition 2 in addition to the above condition 1.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 are arranged so that the angle between the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the second end surface ⁇ 2 is minimized.
  • the core numbers of the cores that at least partially overlap match.
  • the pairs of cores that at least partially overlap are (1) a pair of core a1 at the first end surface ⁇ 1 and a core a1 at the second end surface ⁇ 2, and (2) a pair of core a2 at the first end surface ⁇ 1. (3) a pair of core a3 at first end surface ⁇ 1 and core a3 at second end surface ⁇ 2; (4) a pair of core a4 at first end surface ⁇ 1 and core a2 at second end surface ⁇ 2; It is a pair with core a4. For any of these four pairs, the core numbers of the two cores that make up the pair match.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 of one multi-core fiber MF and the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the other multi-core fiber MF are arranged in a straight line as much as possible.
  • the cores a1 to an are arranged line-symmetrically (substantially line-symmetrically) with respect to the virtual axis L1 orthogonal to the inclination direction v1.
  • cores a1 to an are disposed line symmetrically with respect to the virtual axis L1.
  • each of the cores a1 to an It refers to overlapping at least partially with any of ⁇ an. Note that, as is clear from the description "at the first end surface ⁇ 1" at the beginning of this paragraph, the virtual axis L1 is a straight line within the first end surface ⁇ 1.
  • the virtual axis L1 passes through the center of the first end surface ⁇ 1 (the center of the cladding).
  • the virtual axis L1 only needs to be orthogonal to the inclination direction v1, and does not need to pass through the center of the first end surface ⁇ 1.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 of one multi-core fiber MF and the first end surface ⁇ 1 of the other multi-core fiber MF are arranged as much as possible on a straight line.
  • the cores a1 to an are arranged line-symmetrically (completely line-symmetrically) with respect to the virtual axis L1 orthogonal to the inclination direction v1.
  • cores a1 to an are arranged line symmetrically with respect to the virtual axis L1.
  • each of the cores a1 to an is arranged symmetrically with respect to the virtual axis L1. It refers to overlapping with either one of an in just the right amount.
  • the cores forming a pair of cores that are line symmetrical with respect to the virtual axis L1 have the same distance from the virtual axis L1.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 of one multi-core fiber MF and the first end surface ⁇ 1 of the other multi-core fiber MF are arranged as much as possible on a straight line.
  • the coupling efficiency of the cores a1 to an of these two multicore fibers MF can be further improved.
  • the above-mentioned virtual axis L1 does not intersect with any of the cores a1 to an at the first end surface ⁇ 1.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 of one multi-core fiber MF and the first end surface ⁇ 1 of the other multi-core fiber MF are arranged as much as possible on a straight line.
  • cores with different core numbers are connected.
  • core a1 of one multi-core fiber MF is connected to core a2 of the other multi-core fiber MF
  • core a3 of one multi-core fiber MF is connected to core a4 of the other multi-core fiber MF.
  • the cores a1 to an are arranged line-symmetrically (substantially line-symmetrically) with respect to the virtual axis L2 orthogonal to the inclination direction v2.
  • cores a1 to an are disposed line symmetrically with respect to the virtual axis L2.
  • each of the cores a1 to an refers to overlapping at least partially with any of ⁇ an. Note that, as is clear from the description "at the second end surface ⁇ 2" at the beginning of this paragraph, the virtual axis L2 is a straight line within the second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • the virtual axis L2 passes through the center of the second end surface ⁇ 2 (the center of the cladding).
  • the virtual axis L2 only needs to be orthogonal to the inclination direction v2, and does not need to pass through the center of the second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • the second end surface ⁇ 2 of one multi-core fiber MF and the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the other multi-core fiber MF are arranged as much as possible on a straight line.
  • the cores a1 to an are arranged line-symmetrically (completely line-symmetrically) with respect to the virtual axis L2 orthogonal to the inclination direction v2.
  • cores a1 to an are arranged line symmetrically with respect to the virtual axis L2.
  • each of the cores a1 to an is arranged symmetrically with respect to the virtual axis L2. It refers to overlapping with either one of an in just the right amount.
  • the cores forming a pair line-symmetrical with respect to the virtual axis L1 have the same distance from the virtual axis L2.
  • the second end surface ⁇ 2 of one multi-core fiber MF and the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the other multi-core fiber MF are arranged as much as possible on a straight line.
  • the coupling efficiency of the cores a1 to an of these two multicore fibers MF can be further improved.
  • the above-mentioned virtual axis L2 does not intersect with any of the cores a1 to an at the second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • the second end surface ⁇ 2 of one multi-core fiber MF and the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the other multi-core fiber MF are arranged as much as possible on a straight line.
  • cores with different core numbers are connected.
  • core a1 of one multi-core fiber MF is connected to core a2 of the other multi-core fiber MF
  • core a3 of one multi-core fiber MF is connected to core a4 of the other multi-core fiber MF.
  • the core a1 closest to the marker c and the core a2 second closest to the marker c are arranged so as to sandwich the virtual axis L1. Therefore, the marker c is placed near the virtual axis L1. This makes it easy to observe the marker c together with the cores a1 to an when observing the first end face ⁇ 1 of the multi-core fiber MF from the front using a microscope or the like. This is because if the focus of the objective lens is set on the virtual axis L1 in order to uniformly suppress the defocus of the cores a1 to an, the defocus of the marker c can be suppressed to a small level. The same can be said of the multi-core fiber MF shown in each of FIGS. 3 and 5, which will be described later.
  • the core a1 closest to the marker c and the core a2 second closest to the marker c are arranged so as to sandwich the virtual axis L2. Therefore, the marker c is placed near the virtual axis L2. This makes it easy to observe the marker c together with the cores a1 to an when observing the second end face ⁇ 2 of the multi-core fiber MF from the front using a microscope or the like. This is because if the focus of the objective lens is set on the virtual axis L2 in order to uniformly suppress the defocus of the cores a1 to an, the defocus of the marker c can be suppressed to a small value.
  • FIG. 2 (Modified example of multi-core fiber) A first modification of the multi-core fiber MF according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 2 (a) is a front view of the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the multi-core fiber MF according to the first modification.
  • (b) is a front view of a first end surface ⁇ 1 and a second end surface ⁇ 2 of a multi-core fiber MF according to a second modification.
  • (c) is a front view of a first end surface ⁇ 1 and a second end surface ⁇ 2 of a multi-core fiber MF according to a third modification.
  • the virtual axis L1 is not aligned with any of the cores a1 to an at the first end surface ⁇ 1, similarly to the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIG. They don't intersect.
  • the core a1 and the core a2 are adjacent to each other across the virtual axis L1 at the first end surface ⁇ 1
  • the core a1 and the core a2 are adjacent to each other across the virtual axis L1.
  • the core a1 and the core a4 are adjacent to each other with the virtual axis L1 in between. The same can be said of the second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 of one multi-core fiber MF and the first end surface ⁇ 1 of the other multi-core fiber MF are When the cores are connected so as to be arranged in a straight line as much as possible, cores having different core numbers among all cores a1 to an are connected to each other.
  • core a1 of one multicore fiber MF and core a4 of the other multicore fiber MF are connected, and core a2 of one multicore fiber MF and core of the other multicore fiber MF are connected.
  • a3 is connected. The same can be said of the second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • the virtual axis L1 intersects with the core a2 and the core a4 at the first end surface ⁇ 1. .
  • the same can be said of the second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 of one multi-core fiber MF and the first end surface ⁇ 1 of the other multi-core fiber MF are When the cores are connected so as to be arranged in a straight line as much as possible, cores having different core numbers are connected to each other for some of the cores a1 to an. In the example shown in FIG. 2(b), core a1 of one multi-core fiber MF and core a3 of the other multi-core fiber MF are connected.
  • core a2 of one multicore fiber MF is connected to core a2 of the other multicore fiber MF
  • core a4 of one multicore fiber MF is connected to core a4 of the other multicore fiber MF.
  • the same can be said of the second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • the core a2 which is the second closest to the marker c, is arranged on the virtual axis L1 at the first end surface ⁇ 1. Therefore, the marker c is placed near the virtual axis L1. This makes it easy to observe the marker c together with the cores a1 to an when observing the first end face ⁇ 1 of the multi-core fiber MF from the front using a microscope or the like. This is because if the focus of the objective lens is set on the virtual axis L1 in order to uniformly suppress the defocus of the cores a1 to an, the defocus of the marker c can be suppressed to a small level. The same can be said of the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIG. 4(b) and FIG. 6(b), which will be described later.
  • the virtual axis L1 intersects with the core a1 and the core a3 at the first end surface ⁇ 1. .
  • the same can be said of the second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 of one multi-core fiber MF and the first end surface ⁇ 1 of the other multi-core fiber MF are When the cores are connected so as to be arranged in a straight line as much as possible, cores having different core numbers are connected to each other for some of the cores a1 to an. In the example shown in FIG. 2C, core a2 of one multi-core fiber MF and core a4 of the other multi-core fiber MF are connected.
  • core a1 of one multi-core fiber MF is connected to core a1 of the other multi-core fiber MF
  • core a3 of one multi-core fiber MF is connected to core a3 of the other multi-core fiber MF.
  • the same can be said of the second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • the core a1 closest to the marker c is arranged on the virtual axis L1 at the first end surface ⁇ 1. Therefore, the marker c is placed near the virtual axis L1. This makes it easy to observe the marker c together with the cores a1 to an when observing the first end face ⁇ 1 of the multi-core fiber MF from the front using a microscope or the like. This is because if the focus of the objective lens is set on the virtual axis L1 in order to uniformly suppress the defocus of the cores a1 to an, the defocus of the marker c can be suppressed to a small level. The same can be said of the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIGS. 4(c) and 6(c), which will be described later.
  • the core a1 closest to the marker c is arranged on the virtual axis L2 at the second end surface ⁇ 2. Therefore, the marker c is placed near the virtual axis L2. This makes it easy to observe the marker c together with the cores a1 to an when observing the second end face ⁇ 2 of the multi-core fiber MF from the front using a microscope or the like. This is because if the focus of the objective lens is set on the virtual axis L2 in order to uniformly suppress the defocus of the cores a1 to an, the defocus of the marker c can be suppressed to a small value.
  • a common feature of the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIGS. 1, 2(b), and 2(c) is that "at the first end surface ⁇ 1, the center of the marker c is aligned with the virtual axis L1 and the core Among a1 to an, it is included in a region between a straight line passing through the center of the core farthest from the virtual axis L1 and parallel to the virtual axis L1. Therefore, compared to the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIG. 2(a), when observing the first end surface ⁇ 1 of the multi-core fiber MF from the front using a microscope etc., it is difficult to observe the marker c together with the cores a1 to an. becomes easier.
  • FIG. 3 FIG. 4(b), FIG. 4(c), FIG. 5, FIG. 6(b), FIG. 6(c), FIG. 7, FIG. 8(b), and FIG.
  • the same can be said of the first end face ⁇ 1 of the multi-core fiber MF shown in each of 8(c) and the like.
  • the same can be said of the second end face ⁇ 2 of the multi-core fiber MF shown in each of FIG. 8(b) and FIG. 8(c).
  • the center of the marker c is placed closer to the virtual axis L1, compared to the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIGS. 2(a), 2(b), and 2(c).
  • the same can be said about the second end face ⁇ 2 of the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIG.
  • the same can be said about the first end surface ⁇ 1 of the multi-core fiber MF shown in each of FIGS. 3, 5, and 7, which will be described later.
  • the same can be said about the second end face ⁇ 2 of the multi-core fiber MF shown in each of FIG. 3, FIG. 6(a), and FIG. 8(a), which will be described later.
  • FIG. 3 (Multi-core fiber configuration) The configuration of a multi-core fiber MF according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 3.
  • (a) is a side view of the multi-core fiber MF.
  • (b) is a front view of one end surface (hereinafter referred to as "first end surface”) ⁇ 1 of the multi-core fiber MF viewed from the line of sight E1 direction.
  • (c) is a front view of the other end surface (hereinafter referred to as "second end surface”) ⁇ 2 of the multi-core fiber MF viewed from the line of sight E2 direction.
  • (d) is a perspective view of the multi-core fiber MF in a state where the first end face ⁇ 1 and the second end face ⁇ 2 are butted against each other.
  • the inclination direction v1 of the first end face ⁇ 1 and the inclination direction v2 of the second end face ⁇ 2 are determined so that the projections onto a plane orthogonal to the optical axis L0 are in opposite directions. ing.
  • the inclination direction v1 of the first end face ⁇ 1 and the inclination direction v2 of the second end face ⁇ 2 are projected onto a plane perpendicular to the optical axis L0 in the same direction. It is determined that it will become.
  • the multi-core fiber MF according to the second embodiment satisfies the following condition 3 in addition to the above condition 1.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 are arranged so that the angle formed between the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the second end surface ⁇ 2 is minimized.
  • the core numbers of the cores that at least partially overlap are different.
  • the pairs of cores that at least partially overlap are (1) a pair of core a1 at the first end surface ⁇ 1 and a core a3 at the second end surface ⁇ 2, and (2) a pair of core a2 at the first end surface ⁇ 1.
  • the two cores forming the pair have different core numbers.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 of one multi-core fiber MF and the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the other multi-core fiber MF are arranged in a straight line as much as possible. When connected in this way, it becomes possible to optically couple cores with different core numbers.
  • FIG. 4 A first modification of the multi-core fiber MF according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 4 (a) is a front view of the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the multi-core fiber MF according to the first modification.
  • (b) is a front view of a first end surface ⁇ 1 and a second end surface ⁇ 2 of a multi-core fiber MF according to a second modification.
  • (c) is a front view of a first end surface ⁇ 1 and a second end surface ⁇ 2 of a multi-core fiber MF according to a third modification.
  • FIG. 5 (a) is a side view of the multi-core fiber MF. Moreover, (b) is a front view of one end surface (hereinafter referred to as "first end surface") ⁇ 1 of the multi-core fiber MF viewed from the line of sight E1 direction. Moreover, (c) is a front view of the other end surface (hereinafter referred to as "second end surface”) ⁇ 2 of the multi-core fiber MF viewed from the line of sight E2 direction. Further, (d) is a perspective view of the multi-core fiber MF in a state where the first end face ⁇ 1 and the second end face ⁇ 2 are butted against each other.
  • the inclination direction v1 of the first end face ⁇ 1 and the inclination direction v2 of the second end face ⁇ 2 are determined so that the projections onto a plane orthogonal to the optical axis L0 are in opposite directions. ing.
  • the inclination direction v1 of the first end face ⁇ 1 and the inclination direction v2 of the second end face ⁇ 2 are such that the projections onto a plane orthogonal to the optical axis L0 are orthogonal to each other. It is determined that Thereby, the multi-core fiber MF according to the third embodiment satisfies the following condition 3 in addition to the above condition 1.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 are arranged so that the angle formed between the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the second end surface ⁇ 2 is minimized.
  • the core numbers of the cores that at least partially overlap are different.
  • the pairs of cores that at least partially overlap are (1) a pair of core a1 at the first end surface ⁇ 1 and a core a2 at the second end surface ⁇ 2, (2) a pair of core a2 at the first end surface ⁇ 1. (3) A pair of core a3 at first end surface ⁇ 1 and core a4 at second end surface ⁇ 2; (4) A pair of core a4 at first end surface ⁇ 1 and core a3 at second end surface ⁇ 2. This is a pair with core a1. In any of these four pairs, the two cores forming the pair have different core numbers.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 of one multi-core fiber MF and the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the other multi-core fiber MF are arranged in a straight line as much as possible. When connected in this way, it becomes possible to optically couple cores with different core numbers.
  • FIG. 6 (Modified example of multi-core fiber) Three modified examples of the multi-core fiber MF according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 6 (a) is a front view of the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the multi-core fiber MF according to the first modification.
  • (b) is a front view of a first end surface ⁇ 1 and a second end surface ⁇ 2 of a multi-core fiber MF according to a second modification.
  • (c) is a front view of a first end surface ⁇ 1 and a second end surface ⁇ 2 of a multi-core fiber MF according to a third modification.
  • FIG. 7 (Multi-core fiber configuration) The configuration of a multi-core fiber MF according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 7.
  • (a) is a side view of the multi-core fiber MF.
  • (b) is a front view of one end surface (hereinafter referred to as "first end surface”) ⁇ 1 of the multi-core fiber MF viewed from the line of sight E1 direction.
  • (c) is a front view of the other end surface (hereinafter referred to as "second end surface”) ⁇ 2 of the multi-core fiber MF viewed from the line of sight E2 direction.
  • (d) is a perspective view of the multi-core fiber MF in a state where the first end face ⁇ 1 and the second end face ⁇ 2 are butted against each other.
  • the inclination direction v1 of the first end face ⁇ 1 and the inclination direction v2 of the second end face ⁇ 2 are determined so that the projections onto a plane orthogonal to the optical axis L0 are in opposite directions. ing.
  • the inclination direction v1 of the first end face ⁇ 1 and the inclination direction v2 of the second end face ⁇ 2 are such that the projections onto a plane orthogonal to the optical axis L0 are orthogonal. It is determined that Thereby, the multi-core fiber MF according to the fourth embodiment satisfies the following condition 3 in addition to the above condition 1.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 are arranged so that the angle formed between the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the second end surface ⁇ 2 is minimized.
  • the core numbers of the cores that at least partially overlap are different.
  • the pairs of cores that at least partially overlap are (1) a pair of core a1 at the first end surface ⁇ 1 and a core a4 at the second end surface ⁇ 2, and (2) a pair of core a2 at the first end surface ⁇ 1. (3) a pair of core a3 at first end surface ⁇ 1 and core a2 at second end surface ⁇ 2; (4) a pair of core a4 at first end surface ⁇ 1 and core a1 at second end surface ⁇ 2; It is a pair with core a3. In any of these four pairs, the two cores forming the pair have different core numbers.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 of one multi-core fiber MF and the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the other multi-core fiber MF are arranged in a straight line as much as possible. When connected in this way, it becomes possible to optically couple cores with different core numbers.
  • FIG. 8 (Modified example of multi-core fiber) Three modified examples of the multi-core fiber MF according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 8 (a) is a front view of the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the multi-core fiber MF according to the first modification.
  • (b) is a front view of a first end surface ⁇ 1 and a second end surface ⁇ 2 of a multi-core fiber MF according to a second modification.
  • (c) is a front view of a first end surface ⁇ 1 and a second end surface ⁇ 2 of a multi-core fiber MF according to a third modification.
  • the multicore fiber MF is considered to be a multicore fiber that does not include a connection point, that is, a multicore fiber in which the marker c is continuous from the first end surface ⁇ 1 to the second end surface ⁇ 2. , but not limited to. That is, a multi-core fiber including at least one connection point, that is, a multi-core fiber in which the marker c is not continuous from the first end surface ⁇ 1 to the second end surface ⁇ 2, is also included in the scope of the present invention.
  • two multi-core fibers MF are prepared, and the first end surface ⁇ 1 of one multi-core fiber MF is connected to the first end surface ⁇ 1 of the other multi-core fiber MF.
  • each multi-core fiber MF may or may not be inclined.
  • two multi-core fibers MF are prepared, and the second end surface ⁇ 2 of one multi-core fiber MF is connected to the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the other multi-core fiber MF. In this way, it is possible to obtain a multi-core fiber in which both end faces are the first end face ⁇ 1.
  • the second end surface ⁇ 2 of each multi-core fiber MF may or may not be inclined.
  • the multi-core fiber obtained in this way is also included in the scope of the present invention if it satisfies the above-mentioned condition 1.
  • FIG. 9 (Optical device configuration) The configuration of the optical device OD1 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 9.
  • (a) is a side view of the optical device OD1.
  • (b) is a front view of one end surface of the optical device OD1 viewed from the line of sight E1 direction.
  • (c) is a front view of the other end surface of the optical device OD1 viewed from the line of sight E2 direction.
  • the optical device OD1 includes a multi-core fiber MF and single-core connectors C1 and C2 provided at both ends of the multi-core fiber MF.
  • the multi-core fiber MF may be any of the multi-core fibers MF shown in FIGS. 1 to 8. In FIG. 9, the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIG. 1 is illustrated as the multi-core fiber MF.
  • the first single-core connector C1 is provided at one end of the multi-core fiber MF.
  • the end surface of the first single-core connector C1 is inclined so as to be flush with the first end surface ⁇ 1 of the multi-core fiber MF.
  • a key K1 is provided on the side that lies beyond the first end surface ⁇ 1 in the inclination direction v1.
  • the key K1 is, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped convex portion that protrudes from the side surface of the first single-core connector C1.
  • the second single-core connector C2 is provided at the other end of the multi-core fiber MF.
  • the end surface of the second single-core connector C2 is inclined so as to be flush with the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the multi-core fiber MF.
  • a key K2 is provided on the side that lies beyond the second end surface ⁇ 2 in the inclination direction v2.
  • the key K2 is, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped convex portion that protrudes from the side surface of the second single-core connector C2.
  • the positions of the keys K1 and K2 are reversed between the first single-core connector C1 of one optical device OD1 and the second single-core connector C2 of the other optical device OD1.
  • the present invention is not limited to this. That is, a configuration in which a single-core connector is provided at one end of the multi-core fiber MF is also included in the scope of the present invention. That is, a configuration in which either the first single-core connector C1 or the second single-core connector C2 is omitted from the optical device OD1 shown in FIG. 9 is also included in the scope of the present invention. In this case, the end face of the multi-core fiber MF on which the single-core connector is not provided may or may not be inclined.
  • the multi-core fiber MF may be a multi-core fiber 103 that constitutes a FI/FO (Fan-In/Fan-Out) device FD1, as shown in FIG. 14(a).
  • the FI/FO device FD1 includes an optical path conversion section 101 having an optical path conversion function, a multi-core fiber 103 provided on one side of the optical path conversion section, and a plurality of multi-core fibers provided on the other side of the optical path conversion section. It includes single core fibers 102a to 102d.
  • the number of single-core fibers 102a to 102d corresponds to the number of cores of multi-core fiber 103, and is, for example, the same number as the number of cores of multi-core fiber.
  • the end face of the multi-core fiber MF on which the single-core connector is not provided is a multi-core fiber 103 (sometimes called a pigtail fiber) that constitutes the FI/FO device FD2. It may be connected to In either case, end face reflection caused by the end face of the multi-core fiber MF and the end face of the optical path converter 101 can be suppressed, and the management of port numbers in the optical path converter can be facilitated.
  • a multi-core fiber 103 sometimes called a pigtail fiber
  • FIG. 10 (Optical device configuration) The configuration of the optical device OD2 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 10.
  • (a) is a side view of the optical device OD2.
  • (b) is a front view of one end surface of the optical device OD2 viewed from the line of sight E1 direction.
  • (c) is a front view of the other end surface of the optical device OD2 viewed from the line of sight E2 direction.
  • the optical device OD2 includes a multicore fiber bundle MFB made of a plurality of multicore fibers MF, and multicore connectors C3 and C4 provided at both ends of the multicore fiber bundle MFB.
  • the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIG. 1 is shown as the multi-core fiber MF that constitutes the multi-core fiber MFB.
  • the multicore fibers MF constituting the multicore fiber bundle MFB may be any of the multicore fibers MF shown in FIGS. 1 to 8.
  • the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIG. 2(b) or the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIG. 2(c) may be used.
  • the first multicore connector C3 is provided at one end of the multicore fiber bundle MFB.
  • Each multicore fiber MF constituting the multicore fiber bundle MFB has an end surface on the first multicore connector C3 side (first end surface ⁇ 1 in the illustrated example) whose inclination direction (inclination direction v1 in the illustrated example) is aligned in a specific direction. They are fixed to the first multi-core connector C3 so that these end surfaces are flush with each other.
  • the inclination direction In the illustrated example, a key K3 is provided on the side surface located beyond the inclination direction v1).
  • the key K3 is, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped convex portion that protrudes from the side surface of the first multicore connector C3.
  • the second multicore connector C4 is provided at the other end of the multicore fiber bundle MFB.
  • Each multicore fiber MF constituting the multicore fiber bundle MFB has an end surface on the second multicore connector C4 side (second end surface ⁇ 2 in the illustrated example) whose inclination direction (inclination direction v2 in the illustrated example) is aligned in a specific direction. They are fixed to the second multicore connector C4 so that these end surfaces are flush with each other.
  • the inclination direction In the illustrated example, a key K4 is provided on the side surface beyond the inclination direction v2).
  • the key K4 is, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped convex portion that protrudes from the side surface of the second multicore connector C4.
  • first multi-core connector C3 a configuration may be adopted in which a single-core connector is provided at one end of each multi-core fiber MF and these single-core connectors are integrated.
  • second multi-core connector C4 a single-core connector may be provided at the other end of each multi-core fiber MF, and a configuration may be adopted in which these single-core connectors are integrated.
  • the present invention is not limited to this. That is, a configuration in which a multicore connector is provided at one end of the multicore fiber bundle MFB is also included in the scope of the present invention. That is, a configuration in which either the first multi-core connector C3 or the second multi-core connector C4 is omitted from the optical device OD2 shown in FIG. 10 is also included in the scope of the present invention. In this case, the end face of each multicore fiber MF on which the multicore connector is not provided may or may not be inclined.
  • each multi-core fiber MF may be a multi-core fiber 103 that constitutes a FI/FO (Fan-In/Fan-Out) device FD1, as shown in FIG. 14(a).
  • the end face of each multi-core fiber MF on which the multi-core connector is not provided is connected to the multi-core fiber constituting the FI/FO (Fan-In/Fan-Out) device FD2.
  • 103 (sometimes called a pigtail fiber).
  • the direction in which the multi-core fibers MF forming the multi-core fiber bundle MFB are arranged is arbitrary.
  • the direction in which the multi-core fiber bundle MFB is arranged is perpendicular to the inclination direction of the end face of the first multi-core connector C3 (that is, the inclination direction v1 of the end face ⁇ 1 of the multi-core fiber MF).
  • it is a direction.
  • the direction is perpendicular to the direction of inclination of the end face of the first multi-core connector C3.
  • the direction is preferably parallel to the direction of inclination of the first multi-core connector C3.
  • these connectors are mated so that the inclination directions of the end faces are aligned. This is because by doing so, the rotational centering of the multi-core fiber MF can be performed. The same can be said of the second multicore connector C4.
  • FIG. 11 (a) is a front view of the optical device OD2 according to the first modification.
  • FIG. 11 (b) is a front view of the optical device OD2 according to the second modification.
  • FIG. 11 (c) is a front view of the optical device OD2 according to the third modification.
  • the core numbers match in the multicore fiber bundle MFB when the end face on the first multicore connector C3 side is translated and reversed.
  • At least two multi-core fibers MF are included whose cores at least partially overlap each other.
  • FIG. 11A shows that the leftmost multicore fiber MF and the second multicore fiber MF from the left satisfy this relationship.
  • core a1 and core a2 are connected (core number 1 and core number 2 are connected).
  • Core a3 and core a4 are connected (exchange occurs between core number 3 and core number 4).
  • this can facilitate the management of the core numbers of multi-core fibers when two multi-core fiber MFs are connected to each other during network construction.
  • the above-mentioned reversal may include reversal with respect to an axis parallel to the tilt direction of each multi-core fiber MF and reversal with respect to an axis perpendicular to the tilt direction of each multi-core fiber MF.
  • the above-mentioned parallel movement includes parallel movement in a direction parallel to the inclination direction of the end face of the first multi-core connector C3, and parallel movement in a direction perpendicular to the inclination direction of the end face of the first multi-core connector C3. is possible.
  • the at least two multicore fibers MF described above are arranged parallel to the direction of inclination of the end face of the first multicore connector C3.
  • the at least two multicore fibers MF described above are aligned perpendicularly to the direction of inclination of the end surface of the first multicore connector C3. In either case, the above effects are achieved. Moreover, especially in the latter case, the distances from the virtual axis perpendicular to the inclination direction of the end surface of the first multicore connector C3 to the centers of the markers c of the at least two multicore fibers MF described above are equal. As a result, when observing the end face of the multi-core connector C3 from the front using a microscope, etc., by focusing on this virtual axis, it is easy to observe the markers c of at least two multi-core fibers MF described above at the same time. become.
  • all the multi-core fibers MF constituting the multi-core fiber bundle MFB satisfy the above-mentioned translation/inversion relationship. This makes it possible to replace the same core numbers in all the multi-core fibers MF constituting the multi-core fiber bundle MFB.
  • the above-mentioned parallel movement is a parallel movement in a direction perpendicular to the direction of inclination of the end face of the first multicore connector C3
  • the markers c of all the multicore fibers MF constituting the multicore fiber bundle MFB are moved simultaneously. It becomes easier to observe.
  • the core numbers match when the end face on the first multicore connector C3 side is translated and rotated in the multicore fiber bundle MFB.
  • At least two multi-core fibers MF are included whose cores at least partially overlap each other.
  • FIG. 11B shows that the leftmost multicore fiber MF and the second multicore fiber MF from the left satisfy this relationship.
  • core a1 and core a2 are connected (core number 1 and core number 2 are swapped), and core a3 Core a4 is connected (core number 3 and core number 4 are swapped).
  • core a1 and core a4 are connected (core number 1 and core number 4 are exchanged), and core a2 and core a3 are connected (core number 2 and core number 3).
  • the above-mentioned rotation is a rotation of m x 360°/n (m is a natural number from 1 to n-1) when the arrangement of cores a1 to an of the multi-core fiber MF has n-fold symmetry. is possible. For example, if the arrangement of the cores a1 to a4 of the multi-core fiber MF has four-fold symmetry, rotations of 90 degrees, rotations of 180 degrees, and rotations of 270 degrees are possible.
  • the multi-core fiber bundle MFB is composed of a first multi-core fiber group MFB1 and a second multi-core fiber group MFB2.
  • the first multicore fiber group MFB1 is a collection of a plurality of (four in the illustrated example) multicore fibers MF lined up along the axis L on one side of the axis L, with the end face on the first multicore connector C3 side. be.
  • the second multi-core fiber group MFB2 is a collection of a plurality of (four in the illustrated example) multi-core fibers MF lined up along the axis L, with the end face on the first multi-core connector C3 side being lined up along the axis L. be.
  • the axis L is an axis perpendicular to the inclination direction of the end face of each multicore fiber MF on the first multicore connector C3 side.
  • Each multi-core fiber MF forming the first multi-core fiber group MFB1 and each multi-core fiber MF forming the second multi-core fiber group MFB2 have distances from the marker c to the axis L defined by the cores a1 to an.
  • the rotation centering is such that the distance from the center to the axis L is shorter than the distance from the center to the axis L. Therefore, in each multi-core fiber MF, the marker c is arranged near the axis L mentioned above.
  • the focus of the objective lens is set on the axis L described above. At this time, since the marker c is placed near the axis L, the marker c can be easily observed.
  • the arrangement of the plurality of multi-core fibers MF that constitute the multi-core fiber bundle MFB is arbitrary.
  • the multi-core fibers MF are arranged in a matrix, with the direction parallel to the inclination direction of the end face of the first multi-core connector C3 being the row direction, and the direction perpendicular to the inclination direction of the end face of the first multi-core connector C3 being the column direction.
  • the number of rows is less than the number of columns. This is because when observing the end face of the first multicore connector C3 from the front using a microscope or the like, it becomes easier to observe the marker c of each multicore fiber MF.
  • FIG. 12 A multi-core fiber assembly MFS according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 12.
  • FIG. 12 (a) is a side view of the multi-core fiber assembly MFS, and (b) is a perspective view of the multi-core fiber assembly MFS.
  • the multi-core fiber assembly MFS includes a first multi-core fiber MF1 and a second multi-core fiber MF2.
  • the first multi-core fiber MF1 and the second multi-core fiber MF2 may or may not be connected.
  • a first end surface ⁇ 1 which will be described later
  • a second end surface ⁇ 2 which will be described later, are connected (for example, by connector connection or fusion splicing).
  • the first multi-core fiber MF1 is configured similarly to the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIG. However, in the first multi-core fiber MF1, although it is essential that the first end face ⁇ 1 be inclined, it is not essential that the second end face ⁇ 2 be inclined.
  • the end surface of the first multi-core fiber MF1 that must be inclined that is, the end surface corresponding to the first end surface ⁇ 1 of the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIG. 1 will be referred to as a first end surface ⁇ 1.
  • the second multi-core fiber MF2 is configured similarly to the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIG. However, in the second multi-core fiber MF2, although it is essential that the second end face ⁇ 2 be inclined, it is not essential that the first end face ⁇ 1 be inclined.
  • the end surface of the second multi-core fiber MF2 that must be inclined that is, the end surface corresponding to the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIG. 1 will be referred to as a second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • the inclination direction v1 of the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the inclination direction v2 of the second end surface ⁇ 2 are determined to satisfy the following condition 1.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 are arranged so that the angle between the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the second end surface ⁇ 2 is minimized.
  • each of the cores a1 to an on the first end surface ⁇ 1 at least partially overlaps any one of the cores a1 to an on the second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 of the first multi-core fiber MF1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the second multi-core fiber MF2 are connected such that the first multi-core fiber MF1 and the second multi-core fiber MF2 are arranged on a straight line as much as possible.
  • connecting the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 means "the core of the first multi-core fiber MF1
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 are connected so that the angle formed between the extending direction of the cores a1 to an and the extending direction of the cores a1 to an of the second multi-core fiber MF2 is minimized. Point.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the inclination angle ⁇ 2 of the second end surface ⁇ 2 may or may not match. However, it is preferable that the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the inclination angle ⁇ 2 of the second end surface ⁇ 2 are equal (substantially the same), and are the same (completely the same). More preferably.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the first end face ⁇ 1 and the inclination angle ⁇ 2 of the second end face ⁇ 2 are equivalent (substantially the same), for example, if the difference
  • Condition 1' The first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 are brought into surface contact so that the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the first end surface ⁇ 1 matches the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • each of the cores a1 to an on the first end surface ⁇ 1 at least partially overlaps one of the cores a1 to an on the second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 of the first multi-core fiber MF1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the second multi-core fiber MF2 are connected such that the first multi-core fiber MF1 and the second multi-core fiber MF2 are arranged in a straight line.
  • connecting the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 means "the core a1 of the first multi-core fiber MF1 .about.an matches the extending direction of the cores a1 to an of the second multi-core fiber MF2.
  • '' refers to connecting the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • the inclination direction v1 of the first end face ⁇ 1 of the first multi-core fiber MF1 and the inclination direction v2 of the second end face ⁇ 2 of the second multi-core fiber MF2 are It is determined that the following condition 2 is satisfied.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 are arranged so that the angle formed between the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the second end surface ⁇ 2 is minimized.
  • the core numbers of the cores that at least partially overlap match.
  • the pairs of cores that at least partially overlap are (1) a pair of core a1 on the first end surface ⁇ 1 and a core a1 on the second end surface ⁇ 2, and (2) a pair of core a2 on the first end surface ⁇ 1. (3) a pair of core a3 at first end surface ⁇ 1 and core a3 at second end surface ⁇ 2; (4) a pair of core a4 at first end surface ⁇ 1 and core a2 at second end surface ⁇ 2; It is a pair with core a4. For any of these four pairs, the core numbers of the two cores that make up the pair match.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 of the first multi-core fiber MF1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the second multi-core fiber MF2 are connected such that the first multi-core fiber MF1 and the second multi-core fiber MF2 are arranged on a straight line as much as possible. In this case, it becomes possible to optically couple cores with matching core numbers.
  • a first single-core connector C1 may be provided at the end of the first multi-core fiber MF1 on the first end surface ⁇ 1 side.
  • a second single-core connector C2 may be provided at the end of the second multi-core fiber MF2 on the second end surface ⁇ 2 side, as shown in FIG. 12(c).
  • the configurations of the first single-core connector C1 and the second single-core connector C2 are the same as described with reference to FIG. 9, so the description thereof will not be repeated here.
  • the first multi-core fiber MF1 a multi-core fiber in which the inclination direction v1 is directed from the center of the first end surface ⁇ 1 to the midpoint between the core a4 and the core a1 is used, but the first multi-core fiber MF1 is , but not limited to.
  • a multi-core fiber in which the inclination direction v1 is directed from the center of the first end surface ⁇ 1 toward the core a1 (2) a multi-core fiber in which the inclination direction v1 is directed from the center of the first end surface ⁇ 1 toward the core a2, (3) the inclination direction v1 (4)
  • a multi-core fiber whose inclination direction v1 is directed from the center of the first end surface ⁇ 1 toward the core a4 can also be used as the first multi-core fiber MF1. The same can be said about the second multi-core fiber MF2.
  • FIG. 13 A multi-core fiber assembly MFS according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 13.
  • (a) is a side view of the multi-core fiber assembly MFS
  • (b) is a perspective view of the multi-core fiber assembly MFS.
  • the multi-core fiber assembly MFS includes a first multi-core fiber MF1 and a second multi-core fiber MF2.
  • the first multi-core fiber MF1 and the second multi-core fiber MF2 may or may not be connected.
  • a first end surface ⁇ 1 which will be described later, and a second end surface ⁇ 2, which will be described later, are connected (for example, by fusion splicing).
  • the first multi-core fiber MF1 is configured similarly to the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIG. However, in the first multi-core fiber MF1, although it is essential that the first end face ⁇ 1 be inclined, it is not essential that the second end face ⁇ 2 be inclined.
  • the end surface of the first multi-core fiber MF1 that must be inclined, that is, the end surface corresponding to the first end surface ⁇ 1 of the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIG. 1 is referred to as a first end surface ⁇ 1.
  • the second multi-core fiber MF2 is configured similarly to the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIG. However, in the second multi-core fiber MF2, although it is essential that the first end face ⁇ 1 be inclined, it is not essential that the second end face ⁇ 2 be inclined.
  • the end surface of the second multi-core fiber MF2 that must be inclined, that is, the end surface corresponding to the first end surface ⁇ 1 of the multi-core fiber MF shown in FIG. 1 is referred to as a second end surface ⁇ 2.
  • the inclination direction v1 of the first end face ⁇ 1 and the inclination direction v2 of the second end face ⁇ 2 are determined to satisfy the above condition 2 in addition to the above condition 1. It is being on the other hand, in the multi-core fiber assembly MFS according to the seventh embodiment, the inclination direction v1 of the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the inclination direction v2 of the second end surface ⁇ 2 meet the following condition 3 in addition to the above condition 1. determined to meet the requirements.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 are arranged so that the angle formed between the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the first end surface ⁇ 1 and the extending direction of the cores a1 to an on the second end surface ⁇ 2 is minimized.
  • the core numbers of the cores that at least partially overlap are different.
  • the pairs of cores that at least partially overlap are (1) a pair of core a1 on the first end surface ⁇ 1 and a core a2 on the second end surface ⁇ 2, (2) a pair of core a2 on the first end surface ⁇ 1. (3) a pair of core a3 at first end surface ⁇ 1 and core a4 at second end surface ⁇ 2; (4) a pair of core a4 at first end surface ⁇ 1 and core a1 at second end surface ⁇ 2; It is a pair with core a3. In any of these four pairs, the two cores forming the pair have different core numbers.
  • the first end surface ⁇ 1 of the first multi-core fiber MF1 and the second end surface ⁇ 2 of the second multi-core fiber MF2 are connected such that the first multi-core fiber MF1 and the second multi-core fiber MF2 are arranged on a straight line as much as possible. In this case, it becomes possible to optically couple cores with different core numbers.
  • a first single-core connector C1 may be provided at the end of the first multi-core fiber MF1 on the first end surface ⁇ 1 side.
  • a second single-core connector C2 may be provided at the end of the second multi-core fiber MF2 on the second end surface ⁇ 2 side, as shown in FIG. 13(c).
  • the configurations of the first single-core connector C1 and the second single-core connector C2 are the same as described with reference to FIG. 9, so the description thereof will not be repeated here.
  • the first multi-core fiber MF1 a multi-core fiber in which the inclination direction v1 is directed from the center of the first end surface ⁇ 1 to the midpoint between the core a4 and the core a1 is used, but the first multi-core fiber MF1 is , but not limited to.
  • a multi-core fiber in which the inclination direction v1 is directed from the center of the first end surface ⁇ 1 toward the core a1 (2) a multi-core fiber in which the inclination direction v1 is directed from the center of the first end surface ⁇ 1 toward the core a2, (3) the inclination direction v1 (4)
  • a multi-core fiber whose inclination direction v1 is directed from the center of the first end surface ⁇ 1 toward the core a4 can also be used as the first multi-core fiber MF1. The same can be said about the second multi-core fiber MF2.
  • the first end surface and A configuration is adopted in which the direction of inclination of the second end surface is set.
  • the multi-core fiber according to aspect 2 of the present invention employs a configuration in which the inclination angle of the first end face and the inclination angle of the second end face are equal.
  • the core numbers of the plurality of cores can be specified on the first end surface and the second end surface, and the angle is minimized.
  • a configuration is adopted in which when the first end surface and the second end surface are brought into surface contact, the core numbers of the cores that at least partially overlap match.
  • the core numbers of the plurality of cores can be specified on the first end surface and the second end surface, and the angle is minimized. In this way, when the first end surface and the second end surface are brought into surface contact, the core numbers of the cores that at least partially overlap are different.
  • the plurality of cores are perpendicular to the inclination direction at the first end face and the second end face, and are arranged at the center of the cladding.
  • a configuration is adopted in which they are arranged line-symmetrically with respect to a virtual axis that passes through the imaginary axis.
  • the multi-core fiber according to Aspect 7 of the present invention further includes a marker formed in the cladding, and in each of the first end face and the second end face, the marker A configuration is adopted in which the center of is included between the virtual axis and a straight line that passes through the center of the core farthest from the virtual axis among the plurality of cores and is parallel to the virtual axis.
  • An optical device includes a multicore fiber and a single-core connector provided at one end of the multicore fiber, and the multicore fiber is a multicore fiber according to any one of aspects 1 to 7. A fiber configuration is adopted.
  • An optical device includes a multi-core fiber bundle in which a plurality of multi-core fibers are bundled together, and a multi-core connector or an integrated single-core connector group provided at one end of the multi-core fiber bundle.
  • Each of the plurality of multi-core fibers is a multi-core fiber according to any one of aspects 1 to 7, and the side where the multi-core connector or single-core connector group is provided among the first end face and the second end face is A configuration is adopted in which the connector is fixed to the multi-core connector or the single-core connector group so that the inclination direction of the connector side end face, which is the end face of the connector, is aligned in a specific direction.
  • each of the plurality of multi-core fibers can specify the core number of the plurality of cores on the connector side end surface.
  • a configuration is adopted in which the plurality of multi-core fibers include multi-core fibers in which cores having the same core numbers at least partially overlap when the connector-side end surface is translated and reversed.
  • the reversal is a reversal with respect to a virtual axis parallel to the tilt direction or a virtual axis perpendicular to the tilt direction.
  • a configuration is adopted in which there is.
  • each of the plurality of multi-core fibers can specify the core number of the plurality of cores on the connector side end surface.
  • a configuration is adopted in which the plurality of multi-core fibers include multi-core fibers in which cores having the same core numbers at least partially overlap when the end surface on the connector side is translated and rotated.
  • each of the plurality of multicore fibers includes a marker formed in the cladding
  • the plurality of multicore fibers includes a marker formed in the cladding.
  • the optical device according to aspect 14 of the present invention further includes an FI/FO device having an optical path changing section and a multi-core fiber, and the multi-core fiber is the multi-core fiber according to any of aspects 8 to 13, or , the multi-core fiber is connected to the multi-core fiber according to any one of aspects 8 to 13.
  • a multi-core fiber assembly includes at least one cladding, a plurality of cores formed in the cladding, and a first end surface inclined so as not to be perpendicular to the extending direction of each core.
  • at least one second multicore fiber having a cladding, a plurality of cores formed in the cladding, and a second end surface inclined so as not to be perpendicular to the extending direction of each core.
  • a multi-core fiber assembly comprising: a multi-core fiber assembly configured to minimize the angle between the extending direction of the plurality of cores on the first end surface and the extending direction of the plurality of cores on the second end surface; and the second end surface such that each of the plurality of cores on the first end surface at least partially overlaps with any one of the plurality of cores on the second end surface.
  • a configuration is adopted in which the direction of inclination of the second end face is set.
  • multicore fibers may be twisted. Multicore fibers that satisfy the conditions set forth in the claims are included within the technical scope of the present invention, regardless of whether they are twisted or not. Further, the shape of the connector is arbitrary.
  • the technology of the present invention can also be applied to an optical device equipped with a type of connector in which a multi-core fiber is inserted and fixed in a fiber hole, or an optical device equipped with a type of connector in which a multi-core fiber is housed and fixed in a V-groove.
  • the end face of the multi-core fiber may be a flat surface, a curved surface that can be approximated by a flat surface (for example, a convex spherical surface or a concave spherical surface), or the end face when surface roughness exists. It may be a curved surface that can be approximated by data of a virtual end surface obtained by subtracting data of a virtual end surface obtained by fitting the end surface from data.
  • the virtual axis described above may be defined as follows, for example. That is, at the end face of a multi-core fiber or the end face of a multi-core fiber provided in an optical device, when the vector component in the above-mentioned tilt direction is divided into an X-axis direction component and a Y-axis direction component, the direction of the component with a larger scalar amount is determined.
  • a virtual axis extending in a direction orthogonal to the above can be defined as a virtual axis.
  • a virtual axis that can be determined based on the defined structure is referred to as a virtual axis. It can be defined.
  • examples of the above-mentioned regulation structure include two guide holes and two guide pins provided on the end surface of the optical device, and one guide hole and one guide pin.
  • a virtual axis can be defined as a virtual axis.
  • the above-mentioned regulation structure includes two multi-core fibers exposed from the end face of the optical device.
  • a virtual axis passing through the centers of the two multicore fibers or a virtual axis orthogonal to the virtual axis can be defined as a virtual axis.
  • the above-mentioned prescribed structure can be used as an optical device, for example, a ferrule, a flange, an array, etc. whose outer shape is polygonal, concave, convex, or anisotropic (barrel shape, shape with a notch, etc.). and housing.
  • a virtual axis extending in a specific direction that can be determined based on the external shape or a virtual axis perpendicular to the virtual axis can be defined as a virtual axis.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Mechanical Coupling Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
PCT/JP2023/020031 2022-08-08 2023-05-30 マルチコアファイバ、光デバイス、及びマルチコアファイバ集合体 Ceased WO2024034234A1 (ja)

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EP23852218.9A EP4571375A1 (en) 2022-08-08 2023-05-30 Multicore fiber, optical device, and multicore fiber assembly
CN202380047702.2A CN119422088A (zh) 2022-08-08 2023-05-30 多芯光纤、光器件以及多芯光纤集合体
US18/875,985 US20250383502A1 (en) 2022-08-08 2023-05-30 Multicore fiber, optical device, and multicore fiber assembly
JP2023553076A JP7594129B2 (ja) 2022-08-08 2023-05-30 マルチコアファイバ、光デバイス、及びマルチコアファイバ集合体
JP2024203220A JP2025020464A (ja) 2022-08-08 2024-11-21 マルチコアファイバ、及び光デバイス

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US12523823B2 (en) * 2022-10-24 2026-01-13 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Optical fiber bundle and optical switch
WO2024202691A1 (ja) * 2023-03-31 2024-10-03 株式会社フジクラ マルチコアファイバ、光デバイス、ファンイン／ファンアウトデバイス、及びマルチコアファイバ集合体

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CN119422088A (zh) 2025-02-11
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