WO2024028493A2 - Procédé d'analyse en temps réel et de contrôle de la libération de composés volatils dans des procédés de fabrication, de traitement ou de recyclage, en particulier lors de l'extrusion - Google Patents

Procédé d'analyse en temps réel et de contrôle de la libération de composés volatils dans des procédés de fabrication, de traitement ou de recyclage, en particulier lors de l'extrusion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024028493A2
WO2024028493A2 PCT/EP2023/071714 EP2023071714W WO2024028493A2 WO 2024028493 A2 WO2024028493 A2 WO 2024028493A2 EP 2023071714 W EP2023071714 W EP 2023071714W WO 2024028493 A2 WO2024028493 A2 WO 2024028493A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
volatile compounds
real
processing
analysis
extruder
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PCT/EP2023/071714
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German (de)
English (en)
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WO2024028493A3 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Josef Endres
Madina SHAMSUYEVA
Dijan ILIEW
Original Assignee
Endres Hans Josef
Shamsuyeva Madina
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Application filed by Endres Hans Josef, Shamsuyeva Madina filed Critical Endres Hans Josef
Publication of WO2024028493A2 publication Critical patent/WO2024028493A2/fr
Publication of WO2024028493A3 publication Critical patent/WO2024028493A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/84—Venting or degassing ; Removing liquids, e.g. by evaporating components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B29C48/765—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus
    • B29C48/766—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92228—Content, e.g. percentage of humidity, volatiles, contaminants or degassing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92514—Pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/9258—Velocity
    • B29C2948/9259—Angular velocity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/9258—Velocity
    • B29C2948/926—Flow or feed rate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92704—Temperature

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for real-time analysis or near-real-time analysis and, if necessary, real-time control or near-real-time control of the release of volatile compounds in a manufacturing, processing or recycling process of materials, wherein the materials are heated or melted for processing and, if necessary, additionally degassed .
  • the method includes the steps of taking samples, passing the sample containing the volatile compounds to an analysis device for real-time or near-real-time analysis of the volatile compounds with measuring and analyzing the volatile compounds and, if necessary, controlling and regulating parameters of the manufacturing and processing -, or recycling processes to maximize the release and removal of these volatile compounds and thus to reduce the remaining or increase through specifically added volatile substances in the processed material.
  • a device is provided with a process unit, in particular an extruder, for material processing, comprising at least one device for sampling volatile compounds during processing and at least one analysis device for real-time analysis or near-real-time analysis of the volatile compounds and a control device for material processing set up for control , Optimization and control of material processing parameters based on data obtained during real-time or near-real-time analysis of volatile compounds.
  • the present invention enables continuous process monitoring for quality control and near-real-time rejection of such produced materials or recyclates with undesirable or excessive contamination of the input streams.
  • volatile substances or volatile compounds are released.
  • These volatile compounds released during processing can be of various types. These can be, for example, compounds that are harmful to health or the environment, as well as odor-active substances, residues from material production (e.g. residual monomers, catalyst residues, residual solvents, etc.), substances in recyclates (decomposition products, printing ink residues, etc.), substances that were absorbed during the use phase ( Flavors, oils, fats, fuels) or similar.
  • Volatile substances are often removed during processing using suppression, e.g. B. by vacuum degassing.
  • Such compounds release gases, particularly during extrusion.
  • gases can be contaminated to varying degrees with the odor-active substances and volatile compounds that can outgas during the process and also after production. Accordingly, necessary quality control is as necessary as possible during the manufacturing process and in relation to the end product.
  • the known methods particularly in quality control of the finished end products, suffer from the fact that no information is obtained about possible contamination of the input stream during the actual manufacturing process. Accordingly, the manufacturing process can neither be monitored nor influenced in a timely manner.
  • Material properties of a workpiece are taken into account during production, e.g. B. determined by extrusion.
  • an analysis of the gases diffused into the ambient air during the production of a workpiece is described, with a material-removing seaming or workpiece separation taking place in an endlessly produced extruded profile after it leaves a production line.
  • the removed material of the extruded profile is essentially continuously removed and separated in a material stream and samples are taken for analysis so that the result of the analysis can be assigned to a specific workpiece.
  • the method does not allow online analysis during the manufacturing process, in particular no subsequent control, optimization or regulation of the process.
  • EP 2 760 618 B1 describes a method with a device for removing volatile components from polymer-containing media. From EP 1 713 832 B1 a device with a method for measuring a polymerization reaction by taking and analyzing a sample is known.
  • EP 1 119 800 B1 describes a system for online interference of physical and chemical properties and systems for online control of systems based on model-predictive control algorithms.
  • DE 199 34 349 A1 describes analysis methods for the continuous, analytical control of polymers during their production or processing. The extrudate is analyzed after leaving the extruder using a “gas dome”.
  • DE 10 2010 042 958 A1 describes a system and a method for the continuous production of preforms. Volatile compounds are determined after the extrudate leaves the melt production section of the plant, the extruder. The same also applies to the disclosure of US 2011/0154883 A1.
  • DE 10 2007 029 010 A1 generally describes one Process for compounding polymers described. The use of entraining agents to reduce the content of residual solvents and monomers or oligomers is described.
  • the present invention relates to suitable methods for real-time analysis or near-real-time analysis and, if necessary, real-time control or near-real-time control of the release of volatile compounds in a manufacturing, processing or recycling process of materials, these materials being heated and/or melted and/or degassed for processing will include the steps:
  • Another step may be to discard the product. If the input stream contains too many critical substances, these will show up immediately and directly in the inline process according to the invention. The product can therefore be sorted out immediately as part of the online quality control. In contrast, the downstream offline analysis of the state of the art only allows one random checks, so that the detection of critical substances are subject to the statistics of sampling and can therefore be lost.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for processing the materials in the form of an extrusion of these, e.g. B. of plastic-containing materials, especially recyclates.
  • the corresponding analysis system for the volatile compounds includes a device for taking samples of the volatile compounds at at least one position of the processing method.
  • a gas analysis system includes an analysis device, such as a gas chromatograph, whereby the information obtained with the aid of the gas chromatograph is used, if necessary, with the aid of a control device to control parameters and rules of the processing method.
  • the present invention is directed to a device for material processing with a process unit, in particular an extruder
  • this device includes, in addition to the actual processing space, e.g. B. in an extruder the corresponding extrusion chamber (process part), at least one device for taking samples of volatile compounds during the manufacturing, processing or recycling process, at least one analysis device for real-time analysis or near-real-time analysis of the volatile compounds, this analysis device having a device for sampling is conductively connected; a control device of the processing method set up to control and regulate parameters of the processing method based on data obtained through the real-time analysis or near-real-time analysis of volatile compounds.
  • the device according to the invention comprises an extruder with a gas analysis system according to the invention, as described, wherein the device for sampling volatile compounds is arranged before the outlet of the extruder, i.e. within the compounding or recycling process.
  • Figure 1 - a schematic representation of the device according to one
  • the present invention relates in a first aspect to a method for real-time analysis or near-real-time analysis and, if necessary, near-real-time control of the release of volatile compounds in a manufacturing, processing or recycling process of materials, these materials being heated or melted for processing and, if necessary, additionally be degassed, comprising the steps:
  • Measurement and analysis of volatile compounds if necessary, controlling and regulating parameters of the process for removing these volatile compounds or for minimizing the remaining volatile compounds of these in the resulting product of the process, with the sampling of volatile compounds taking place in a degassing zone of the process unit of this manufacturing, processing or recycling process.
  • volatile compounds are further increased by introducing these compounds, for example, deodorization by introducing fragrances or odor inhibitors, etc.
  • real-time analysis means that the sample taken is fed directly to the analysis device via a conductive connection, where it is directly measured and analyzed.
  • close to real time means that there is a period of a maximum of 20 minutes, such as a maximum of 10 minutes, preferably less such as 8 minutes, 6 minutes, 5 minutes or less, between taking the sample and receiving the analysis.
  • volatile compounds refers to substances and compounds that are volatile at room temperature or when heated or melted up to the processing temperature due to their low vapor pressure or low boiling temperature, that is, they degas from the material. These are usually small molecules, e.g. B. short-chain organic substances. These volatile compounds escape in fluid form, ie as eluate, in liquid or gaseous form. Volatile compounds include in particular highly volatile organic compounds which degas from the material at lower temperatures due to low boiling temperatures and lower vapor pressure.
  • melting or “melted” in this case means material processing in which the viscosity of the material is reduced by supplying energy through heat or radiation and the material becomes more flowable.
  • the analysis can be a determination of the substances themselves, i.e. i.e., a determination of the released volatile compounds as such.
  • the analysis can also be a semi-quantitative or quantitative analysis of the specific released substances.
  • the analysis can include a complete determination of the volatile compounds released.
  • the analysis can include a determination of model substances that represent a group of substances.
  • the method according to the invention allows a rapid determination of the volatile compounds based on the gas analysis system used, in order to ensure the reduction in the release of these volatile compounds, in particular at a later point in time, or to improve the removal of these volatile compounds, including odor-active substances during the To enable manufacturing, processing or recycling processes.
  • this can be done and controlled with the help of entraining agents or extraction agents.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that, due to the possibility of real-time analysis or near-real-time analysis, the substances that have a negative impact on the processing and use of the manufactured products, such as unpleasant odors, etc., can be reduced.
  • the production, processing or recycling process of materials according to the invention is an extrusion process.
  • extrusion processes refers to all types of extrusion processes, including compounding, recycling or profile, film and fiber production using extrusion.
  • the manufacturing, processing or recycling process is therefore compounding, which can be carried out using an extruder but also using other known processes.
  • Compounding usually means the targeted production of specific material compositions by adding additives with appropriate processing of the raw material to produce the desired product from the corresponding starting materials.
  • the method is one in which at least one sampling for analysis of the volatile compounds takes place in front of the extruder nozzle.
  • at least one sampling for analysis of the volatile compounds takes place in front of the extruder nozzle.
  • early online or inline analysis allows rapid control and regulation of both the corresponding materials supplied and those used Entraining and extraction agents.
  • the materials that can be used according to the invention include, in particular, plastics.
  • the materials to be processed are plastics or plastic-containing compositions, such as composites.
  • these materials are recyclates that are processed accordingly using the processing method and converted into new products.
  • Granules are usually produced during extrusion, which are then further processed in appropriate processing machines, such as injection molding machines, etc.
  • appropriate processing machines such as injection molding machines, etc.
  • Another product of extrusion are profiles, fibers, foams or films.
  • the method according to the invention is used in a processing method of plastic-containing materials in the form of extrusion in order to obtain granules processed as intermediate products from recyclates.
  • the sampling of the volatile compounds takes place in a degassing zone of this processing method.
  • extruders have at least one degassing zone in which volatile compounds are removed from the process.
  • sampling takes place in the last degassing zone of the extruder before the manufactured product, usually extrudates or granules, exits.
  • Extrusion devices often have degassing zones to remove volatile compounds. This degassing is usually done by concerns of oppression, e.g. B. by suitable vacuum degassing or by atmospheric degassing.
  • the volatile compounds are taken as samples for analysis when degassing the materials being processed, e.g. B. from the extruder.
  • extruders usually contain several degassing zones to remove the volatile components from the melted material. Degassing is guaranteed and controlled by a vacuum pump.
  • Degassing points can be used at the same time to feed in entraining agents or extractants, although these terms overlap.
  • entraining agents to remove these volatile components from the melt is known.
  • Common entraining agents include N2, CO2 or (moist) air. These absorb the outgassing substances and transport them in the entraining agent flow to the degassing or outlet opening.
  • Supercritical CO2 pressure > 73.8 bar and temperature > 31.1 °C
  • solvents can also be used as extraction agents. Since these extractants can also go into the vapor phase and “entrain” the dissolved substances, the terms and processes of entraining agent-assisted and extractive extrusion are used synonymously below.
  • the method includes removing the volatile compounds directly or incorporated and contained in the entraining or extractant and passing these volatile compounds to the analysis device under the application of negative pressure, e.g. B. with the help of vacuum.
  • the analysis device is a gas chromatograph with possible subsequent detection.
  • the sample quantity is fed under vacuum to the gas chromatograph and here with a suitable detector, e.g. B. with a flame ionization detector or with the help of a mass spectrometer.
  • the method further comprises the control and regulation of parameters of the manufacturing, processing or recycling process based on the volatile compounds determined in the analysis.
  • This control and regulation according to the invention can include the supply of suitable entraining agents and/or extraction agents in order to to reduce volatile compounds in the process product or to increase the outgassing of the volatile compounds, including the odor-active compounds, from the material during processing.
  • the control and optimization allows the content of volatile compounds in the material to be reduced by supplying entraining agents and/or extractants accordingly.
  • the real-time or near-real-time analysis practically closes a control loop that allows the optimization of the process parameters for maximum degassing and at the same time also enables monitoring of the volatile substances during the manufacturing, processing or recycling process for process monitoring.
  • the method according to the invention also allows the continuous monitoring of the extrusion and recycling processes.
  • continuously monitoring the composition of the degassing substances or the substances contained in the entraining or extracting agent excessively contaminated input streams can also be detected in the process and the materials/recyclates produced from them can be separated out.
  • the introduced entraining and extraction agents can serve as carriers for the substances to be analyzed.
  • the entraining agents and/or extraction agents can be supplied through at least one of the degassing points of the process unit, in particular the extruder.
  • the entraining agents and/or extractants are introduced into the extruder via an opening of the extruder, for example.
  • B. with the help of appropriate inlet devices, usually appropriately controlled and regulated inlet valves or injection valves for the entraining or extraction agent are introduced.
  • the entraining or extraction agents can be introduced into the extruder via these corresponding inlets and removed again at a second opening.
  • the entraining or extracting agents are introduced into the extruder system in such a way that they are located both in the melt (particularly in the case of the extracting agents such as supercritical CO2) and around the melt (especially in the case of an entraining agent such as air or N2). Empty space of the extruder is located, ie, z. B.
  • the flow direction of the corresponding extractants or entraining agents can be the same the direction of flow of the melt.
  • the flow direction (direct current) can also be in the opposite direction to the melt flow direction (countercurrent).
  • the direction of flow of the carrier gas or extraction agent can depend on the position of the supply and suction.
  • the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention can be designed such that the carrier gas or extraction agent used is analyzed after removal from the process and examined for volatile components. Extracting agents and/or entraining agents can also be supplied to the system multiple times; identical or different entraining agents and/or extracting agents can be supplied at both the same and different positions.
  • the method is one in which the process itself is adapted to the process task or the process length or process duration in the extruder is extended in order to reduce the amount of volatile compounds, in particular compounds that are harmful to the environment or harmful to health, in the extruder and to produce extrudates received, which can then be further processed immediately.
  • a polar entraining agent such as water
  • a non-polar entraining agent such as supercritical CO2, etc.
  • the invention can be used to analyze in the first step what undesirable volatile substances are contained, while in the second step these are then removed using a specialized entraining agent.
  • Suitable extraction and entraining agents include air, water, CO2, especially supercritical CO2 and N2.
  • the extraction or entraining agents can also be provided with additives, such as surfactants, in order to improve the entraining or extraction properties.
  • the method according to the invention for removing the volatile compounds can thus be carried out in a cascading manner.
  • “cascading” means that in the first step the process parameters are set non-specifically to a maximum Cleaning performance can be designed, while in the second step, individual substances such as odor-active or toxic substances are “shot”.
  • the method according to the invention allows real-time analysis of the volatile compounds, in particular the odor-active substances, during processing in order to effectively and quickly optimize, control and regulate process parameters.
  • the method according to the invention allows a reduction in the amount of work and time required and is particularly suitable for controlling and optimizing the processes in the context of plastics recycling but also in the processing and development of composite materials or filled plastics, such as WPC and other cellulose fiber-reinforced composite materials.
  • Parameters that can be used for control according to the invention include, in addition to the use of the entraining and extraction agents, also parameters such as temperature, speed, pressures, degree of filling, residence times and other process parameters of the manufacturing, processing or recycling process itself, as well as the corresponding quantities supplied and types of the mentioned entraining and/or extracting agents as well as the possible compounding of other additives, which accordingly limit the later undesired release of the volatile compounds from the process product.
  • This also includes compounds such as odor absorbers etc.
  • the extraction and entraining agents can have or fulfill additional properties and functions. These include disinfecting and sterilizing during the processing process, but also general cleaning or discoloration.
  • the present invention is directed to a device for material processing with a processing unit, in particular an extruder, comprising at least one device for sampling volatile compounds during processing; at least one analysis device Real-time or near-real-time analysis of the volatile compounds, this analysis device being conductively connected to a device for sampling; a control device of the processing method, set up to control and regulate parameters of the processing method on the basis of data obtained through real-time analysis or near-real-time analysis of the entraining and extraction agents with the volatile compounds contained therein.
  • the device according to the invention for material processing can in particular be an extruder, this extruder having a corresponding gas analysis device with the device for sampling and the device for analysis with corresponding zone derivatives.
  • this gas analysis device according to the invention there is a control device for controlling and regulating the manufacturing, processing or recycling process.
  • This control unit allows the process parameters of the device, e.g. B. the extruder, to optimize, control and regulate, on the other hand, this control device enables the supply of entraining agents or extractants at correspondingly predetermined positions of the device for material processing, such as the extruder.
  • the device is one in which the process unit comprises at least one extruder and has at least one device for sampling volatile compounds arranged in front of the outlet nozzle of the extruder.
  • the device can have two or more extruders. These extruders have corresponding devices for taking samples and, if necessary, devices for introducing entraining and/or extracting agents into the process unit, in particular the extruder.
  • the device can contain one or more feed points of the entraining agent and one or more removal points of the entraining agent loaded with the detected volatile substances.
  • the devices for sampling volatile compounds are designed in such a way that it takes place in front of the outlet nozzle of the corresponding extruder.
  • the device according to the invention comprises at least one analysis device for real-time analysis of the volatile compounds, which comprises a gas detection unit.
  • the detection unit can be a flame ionization detector or a mass spectrometer.
  • the device for introducing entraining and/or extraction agents into the process unit, in particular the extruder can z. B. be coupled to the degassing zone of the unit, such as the extruder. It is also possible that the extraction or entraining agent is added at a different point in the process than the sampling device.
  • the sampling device is arranged at the last degassing zone of an extruder and this sampling device is conductively connected to a gas chromatograph.
  • the device according to the invention is in particular a device for extruding plastics and/or plastic and composite recyclates.
  • the starting materials are fed to the extruder in the form of flakes, granules, agglomerates, powders, flat semi-finished products, or smaller components in order to obtain corresponding granules from the input streams.
  • FIG 1 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention with the sub-reference to this, the method according to the invention is explained in more detail.
  • the starting materials are fed to the extruder 1 via the inlet 6. Possible starting materials here are plastics and/or plastic and composite recyclates, which are to be recycled and processed into granules for further processing.
  • samples of volatile compounds e.g. B. are withdrawn as part of the degassing and are fed to the gas chromatograph 3 via line 9. This is done, for example. B. with the help of the vacuum pump 4a.
  • the composition of the volatile compounds and, if necessary, the quantities can be analyzed with the help of this gas chromatograph and a corresponding detector.
  • the evaporation pressure and/or a negative pressure is used to remove the samples created using a vacuum pump.
  • Vacuum pump 4b allows additional removal of the volatile compounds from the extruder via the degassing zones 5a to 5d.
  • Process parameters can be controlled via the control unit 10.
  • entraining agents and/or extractants can be supplied to the system from the storage container 11 via the degassing openings 5a to 5d or via special inserts or injection openings in the extruder housing.
  • entraining or extraction agents are introduced into the extruder either in the flow direction of the melt or against the flow direction of the melt.
  • the entraining agent is supplied via the opening 5a and removed via the opening 5b.
  • the same or different entraining or extraction agent can be introduced into the system again via 5c and, if necessary, removed via 5d.
  • a second entraining or extraction agent is supplied, which is particularly suitable for removing certain substances.
  • the entraining or extraction agent can also be introduced via 5c and also withdrawn via 5b.
  • the flow directions in the extruder are shown with A, the arrows B and C show possible flow directions of the entraining and/or extractant.
  • the withdrawn entraining agent and/or extraction agent can also be led via the corresponding gas line to the chromatograph for further analysis, e.g. B. via the line 9 shown as an example.
  • the openings e.g. B. 5a, ..., can be designed both to introduce the entraining and / or extraction agents and to remove the volatile organic compounds.
  • the granules 8 produced leave the extruder via the extrusion nozzle 7, with these granules being used as much as possible due to the process according to the invention Contain small amounts of odor-active substances and volatile compounds. If necessary, contaminated process products can be separated out as part of quality control.
  • sampling takes place in such a way that the corresponding openings 5a, 5b and 5c are arranged in front of the extrusion nozzle 7.
  • Figure 2 shows a flow chart of the schematic sequence of the method according to the invention.
  • step 20 a sample of volatile compounds or the entrainment or extraction agents containing the volatile compounds is taken from at least one position of the manufacturing, processing or recycling process and this sample is sent to an analysis device, 25.
  • the sample is then measured and analyzed in the analysis device in the next step 30.
  • the analysis can include an analysis of selected model substances, e.g. for quality control or compliance with limit values, or an analysis of all components of the sample.
  • the analysis can be qualitative, semi-quantitative or quantitative.
  • the measured data is then z. B. sent to an evaluation unit 40, which allows or maximizes the amounts and / or presence of certain volatile organic compounds in order to minimize the remaining residue in the end product (process product).
  • the information or data obtained in this way is then transmitted to a control unit which, if necessary, regulates parameters of the processing process, 50.
  • Such regulation steps may include that entraining agent and/or extraction agent is supplied in the manufacturing, processing or recycling process or that the feed position, the amount and type or composition of the extractant and the residence time thereof are adjusted, 60, e.g. B. via the corresponding degassing zones in order to change the processing process, 70, in particular to remove odor-active substances from the processing process and to reduce volatile compounds in the process product.
  • the process parameters such as temperatures, pressures, residence times, speed, filling level, etc. can be optimized and regulated so that an end product that is as pure as possible is created.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'analyse en temps réel ou d'analyse pratiquement en temps réel et éventuellement de contrôle en temps réel ou de contrôle pratiquement en temps réel et de régulation de la libération de composés volatils dans un procédé de fabrication, de traitement ou de recyclage de matériaux, les matériaux étant chauffés ou fondus en vue de leur traitement et étant éventuellement également dégazés. Ledit procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : prélever l'échantillon, guider l'échantillon comportant les composés volatils jusqu'à un dispositif d'analyse pour assurer l'analyse en temps réel ou l'analyse pratiquement en temps réel des composés volatils par mesure et analyse des composés volatils et éventuellement par commande et réglage de paramètres du procédé de fabrication, de traitement ou de recyclage afin de porter à un maximum la libération et l'extraction de ces composés volatils et de réduire ainsi la part de substances volatiles restantes dans le matériau traité. L'invention concerne également un dispositif comportant une unité de traitement, notamment une extrudeuse, pour assurer le traitement de matériau, comprenant un dispositif destiné à prélever des échantillons de composés volatils pendant le traitement ainsi qu'au moins un dispositif d'analyse destiné à analyser en temps réel ou à analyser pratiquement en temps réel les composés volatils, et un dispositif de commande du traitement de matériaux, conçu pour commander, optimiser et régler des paramètres du traitement de matériau et de performance d'épuration, sur la base de données obtenues pendant l'analyse en temps réel ou de l'analyse pratiquement en temps réel de composés volatils. En outre, la présente invention permet d'effectuer une surveillance de processus continue pour assurer le contrôle de la qualité et l'évacuation des matériaux produits ou des matériaux recyclés en cas de contamination indésirable ou trop forte des flux d'entrée.
PCT/EP2023/071714 2022-08-05 2023-08-04 Procédé d'analyse en temps réel et de contrôle de la libération de composés volatils dans des procédés de fabrication, de traitement ou de recyclage, en particulier lors de l'extrusion WO2024028493A2 (fr)

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DE102022119765.4A DE102022119765A1 (de) 2022-08-05 2022-08-05 Verfahren zur Echtzeitanalyse und Kontrolle der Freisetzung von flüchtigen Verbindungen im Herstellungs-, Verarbeitungs-, oder Recyclingverfahren, insbesondere bei der Extrusion
DE102022119765.4 2022-08-05

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EP1119800B1 (fr) 1998-10-08 2003-05-21 OPP Petroquimica S.A. Systeme pour inference en ligne de proprietes chimiques et physiques et systeme de controle en ligne
DE102007029010A1 (de) 2006-08-26 2008-02-28 Bayer Materialscience Ag Verfahren zum Compoundieren von Polymeren
US20110154883A1 (en) 2008-06-12 2011-06-30 Carlo Squicciarini Analyzer for analyzing the acetaldehyde content of preforms
DE102010042958A1 (de) 2010-10-26 2012-05-10 Krones Aktiengesellschaft Anlage und Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Preforms
DE102007061666B4 (de) 2007-12-18 2013-10-02 Fagus-Grecon Greten Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren für die Bestimmung von Materialeigenschaften
EP1713832B1 (fr) 2004-02-13 2018-01-24 Total Research & Technology Feluy Dispositif et procede pour ameliorer le procede d'une polymerisation par la prise et l'analyse d'un echantillon

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EP1119800B1 (fr) 1998-10-08 2003-05-21 OPP Petroquimica S.A. Systeme pour inference en ligne de proprietes chimiques et physiques et systeme de controle en ligne
DE19934349A1 (de) 1999-07-22 2001-01-25 Ulrich Thiele Analysenverfahren zur kontinuierlichen analytischen Kontrolle von Polymeren bei denen Herstellung oder Verarbeitung
EP1713832B1 (fr) 2004-02-13 2018-01-24 Total Research & Technology Feluy Dispositif et procede pour ameliorer le procede d'une polymerisation par la prise et l'analyse d'un echantillon
DE102007029010A1 (de) 2006-08-26 2008-02-28 Bayer Materialscience Ag Verfahren zum Compoundieren von Polymeren
DE102007061666B4 (de) 2007-12-18 2013-10-02 Fagus-Grecon Greten Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren für die Bestimmung von Materialeigenschaften
US20110154883A1 (en) 2008-06-12 2011-06-30 Carlo Squicciarini Analyzer for analyzing the acetaldehyde content of preforms
DE102010042958A1 (de) 2010-10-26 2012-05-10 Krones Aktiengesellschaft Anlage und Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Preforms

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