WO2024026522A1 - Procédé de production de ciment avec des dispositifs d'écluse, système de filtre et système de production de ciment - Google Patents

Procédé de production de ciment avec des dispositifs d'écluse, système de filtre et système de production de ciment Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024026522A1
WO2024026522A1 PCT/AT2023/060260 AT2023060260W WO2024026522A1 WO 2024026522 A1 WO2024026522 A1 WO 2024026522A1 AT 2023060260 W AT2023060260 W AT 2023060260W WO 2024026522 A1 WO2024026522 A1 WO 2024026522A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connecting element
filter
gas
dust
sealing gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2023/060260
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Reinhold Holger
Uwe Neumann
Original Assignee
Scheuch Management Holding GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scheuch Management Holding GmbH filed Critical Scheuch Management Holding GmbH
Publication of WO2024026522A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024026522A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/008—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/18—Cleaning-out devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
    • B01D46/48—Removing dust other than cleaning filters, e.g. by using collecting trays
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
    • C04B7/364—Avoiding environmental pollution during cement-manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
    • C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
    • C04B7/436—Special arrangements for treating part or all of the cement kiln dust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for discharging dust from a filter system in a cement production plant, in which raw materials for the production of cement are burned in a kiln system, the resulting flue gas is dedusted in the filter system with a filter device and the resulting dust is discharged via a discharge opening of the filter device become .
  • the invention relates to a filter system for dedusting flue gas from a cement production plant.
  • the invention also relates to a cement production plant with a kiln system, in particular a rotary kiln, a filter system for dedusting flue gases and preferably a preheating tower.
  • Filter systems can be used at different locations in cement production plants, for example in the direction of flow of the flue gases in front of a catalytic converter or in a bypass.
  • the dust generated during filtering typically reaches the outside through a discharge opening of the filter device and is usually transported from there to a collection point using a screw conveyor or other conveyor device.
  • ambient air can penetrate into the cement production system via the discharge opening, which can have a negative impact on the cement production process. This is particularly the case if there is a negative pressure in the filter system.
  • new cement production processes in which combustion is carried out with oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen instead of ordinary ambient air in order to obtain the purest possible CO2 as exhaust gas, which can be reused for other processes, the entry of ambient air can occur be disadvantageous because it reduces the amount of CO2 produced during combustion. It would therefore be desirable to keep the entry of ambient air - the so-called false air entry - as low as possible in such processes.
  • attempts are therefore made to design all system components as tightly as possible.
  • necessary system openings such as the discharge openings of the filter devices, continue to pose a problem because they still allow ambient air to penetrate into the system.
  • a rotary valve in which a sealing gas opening is arranged in the area of the housing around the rotary wheel, in particular on the jacket wall of the housing, in order to minimize the (process) gas flow through the rotary valve.
  • the disadvantage of the rotary valve of EP 1 344 732 Al is that a lot of sealing gas and large gap widths between the rotary valve and the housing are required in order to keep the (process) gas flow through the rotary valve low.
  • GB 2 271 114 A discloses in a foreign field a process for expelling unpolymerized monomers from polymer compounds, in which polymerized resin is alternately conveyed into vacuumed and pressurized areas via rotary valves. The vacuum carries the risk that ambient air will be sucked in through system openings.
  • CN 103625929 B discloses an arrangement of rotary valves, between which ambient air is introduced in order to avoid negative pressure in a subsequent system part, a material storage tank.
  • two lock devices connected in series are connected to the discharge opening, which are connected to one another via a connecting element, in particular a connecting pipe, and the dust generated from the discharge opening to the outside transport, wherein a sealing gas inlet opens into the connecting element between the lock devices and a sealing gas is introduced into the connecting element in order to block the penetration of ambient air into the filter device.
  • a connecting element in particular a connecting pipe
  • a sealing gas inlet opens into the connecting element between the lock devices and a sealing gas is introduced into the connecting element in order to block the penetration of ambient air into the filter device.
  • a filter system includes at least one filter device, two lock devices connected to it, the connecting element and the Sealing gas inlet.
  • the connecting element which is preferably designed as a connecting tube, connects the housings of the two lock devices to one another, preferably in a gas-tight manner. For this purpose, two opposite ends of the connecting element are each connected to the lock devices.
  • the connecting element dust that is filtered out of the flue gas using the filter device can pass from one lock device to the other and from there to the outside.
  • One of the lock devices - which is referred to below as the first lock device - is preferably connected to a connecting part on its input side connected gas-tight to the discharge opening of the filter device and preferably gas-tight to the connecting element on its outlet side.
  • the other lock device at the other end of the connecting element - hereinafter referred to as the second lock device - is preferably connected to the connecting element in a gas-tight manner with its input side and transports the dust outwards through its output side, i.e. H . to a point outside the filter system where the dust can be collected, transported away and/or further processed.
  • the output side of the first lock device is therefore connected to the input side of the second lock device via the connecting element, so that dust can be carried out from the filter device via the first lock device, the connecting element and then via the second lock device.
  • the first lock device represents the process-side lock device
  • the second lock device represents the atmosphere-side lock device.
  • the lock devices can in particular be designed as rotary valves.
  • Rotary valves have a fixed housing (stator) and a rotating rotary wheel (rotor), which is preferably driven by an electric motor.
  • Rotary valves pick up material on one input side and release it in metered form on the output side. Only a small gap, preferably less than 1 mm, is provided between the walls of the cellular wheel and the housing in order to ensure tightness between the input side and the output side.
  • the sealing gas is therefore introduced into the connecting element between the rotary valves and displaces the ambient air. the penetration and spread of ambient air is blocked.
  • ambient air which enters via the second, atmospheric-side lock device, is displaced in this way. blocked .
  • the sealing gas inlet can have a valve.
  • the valve can also be arranged in a line for the sealing gas. In this way the sealing gas can be regulated.
  • the barrier gas inlet preferably opens into an inner wall of the connecting element. Several sealing gas inlets can also be provided, which open into the connecting element.
  • the filter system can have several filter devices connected in parallel or in series. Each filter device can also have several discharge openings, to each of which lock devices, which are connected via a connecting element, are connected in accordance with the type described.
  • the filter device can in turn have one or more filters within a housing, which can be, for example, candle filters or bag filters.
  • the cement production plant has at least one furnace system and a filter system according to the invention for filtering flue gases.
  • the cement production plant can also have system parts such as a preheating stage, in particular a preheating tower, a catalytic converter and one or more bypasses.
  • the filter system with the filter device, the two connected lock devices and the connecting element can be provided at several locations in the cement production system.
  • the filter system viewed in the direction of flow of the flue gases, can be arranged after the furnace system or after a preheating stage upstream of the furnace in order to remove flue gases from the furnace system or to filter the preheating stage. Additionally or alternatively, the filter system can also be used to remove dust from a bypass in the cement production plant.
  • the kiln system of the cement production plant is preferably a rotary kiln.
  • the raw materials used to produce cement clinker are burned in the kiln system. sintered.
  • air enriched with oxygen or essentially pure oxygen is used for combustion in the kiln system in order to obtain CO2 that is as pure as possible.
  • a preheating stage can also be provided which preheats the raw materials before they enter the rotary kiln.
  • the preheating stage can be, for example, a preheating tower, which can consist of several cyclones arranged one above the other.
  • the raw materials enter the furnace system using the countercurrent principle.
  • the flue gases flow through the preheating stage against the flow of raw materials. It is preferred if CO2 or a process gas with a volume fraction of CO2 of at least 15%, preferably at least 70%, is used as the sealing gas.
  • CO2 or a process gas with a volume fraction of CO2 of at least 15%, preferably at least 70% is used as the sealing gas.
  • air enriched with oxygen or even pure oxygen can be burned instead of normal ambient air in order to obtain CO2 that is as pure as possible as exhaust gas.
  • CO2 as a sealing gas is therefore not a foreign gas, so that there is no negative influence from the use of CO2 as a sealing gas.
  • a furnace exhaust gas is preferably provided as the process gas for providing the sealing gas, which is preferably cleaned and/or processed before use as a sealing gas.
  • the sealing gas can be supplied into the connecting element from the furnace system and/or from a sealing gas supply, in particular from at least one gas tank. If air enriched with oxygen or essentially pure oxygen is used in the furnace system for combustion, essentially pure CO2 is produced, which can be used as a sealing gas. In any case, it is not a foreign gas.
  • a connecting line from the furnace system to the filter system can be used.
  • the sealing gas can also come from a separate sealing gas supply, for example a gas tank or pressure bottles.
  • the sealing gas is introduced outside the connecting element at a pressure of 1 mbar to 200 mbar, preferably 10 mbar to 100 mbar, in particular 30 mbar to 50 mbar, above the static ambient pressure becomes .
  • the pressure is not chosen to be too high in order to avoid damage to the pipe and lock parts due to overpressure and to keep the consumption of sealing gas as low as possible.
  • the connecting element between the lock devices can be at an angle to the horizontal, preferably substantially vertical. be arranged and one of the lock devices be arranged above the other. This causes the dust to be carried downwards by gravity.
  • Essentially perpendicular means essentially parallel to the acceleration due to gravity.
  • a horizontal is essentially arranged transversely to the acceleration of gravity.
  • Ambient air can mainly enter via the second, lower lock device. It is therefore advantageous if the entrance side of the second, lower lock device is constantly covered with dust because the dust has a sealing effect.
  • a level measuring device measures a level of the dust produced in the connecting element. In this way, the tightness can also be supported.
  • a measuring sensor can have a lower or Monitor minimum fill level. A signal can be output when the lower or minimum fill level is exceeded or fallen below. A further measuring sensor can also be provided, which has an upper or measures maximum fill level. A signal can be issued when the upper level is reached.
  • a control device regulates that lock device that is arranged at an end of the connecting element facing away from the filter device, in particular its speed, in such a way that a minimum level of the dust generated is retained in the connecting element.
  • the lock device which is arranged at an end of the connecting element facing away from the filter device, is, as already mentioned above, also referred to as a second lock device.
  • the speed of the second lock device can be reduced or the second lock device can be brought to a standstill if the filling level falls below the minimum level. If the minimum fill level is reached or exceeded, the speed of the second lock device can be increased again become .
  • the minimum fill level can correspond, for example, to a lower section of the connecting element.
  • the minimum level may correspond to a quarter of the length of the connecting element. If, as described above, there is also an upper or maximum fill level is measured, the speed of the lock device can be increased in order to reduce the fill level.
  • At least one shaft seal of at least one lock device can be supplied with sealing gas.
  • shaft seals can be provided on both sides of a shaft passage through a housing of the rotary rotary valve.
  • a gap between the two shaft seals is pressurized with the sealing gas, in particular a compressed gas. This can prevent ambient air from entering the system because the gap is at a higher pressure than the process or atmospheric pressure is applied. This means that only (harmless) sealing gas can penetrate into the process. step outside.
  • the filter system according to the invention for dedusting flue gas from a cement production plant has:
  • the filter device has a housing that forms the discharge opening and within it one or more Filters, in particular bag filters or candle filters, are arranged.
  • the filter device can also have several discharge openings in the housing, to each of which lock devices are connected as described.
  • the filter system can also include several filter devices.
  • the connecting element is preferably designed as a connecting tube. “Connected in series” means that dust generated passes from one lock device to the other.
  • a fill level measuring device is preferably provided, which is set up to measure a fill level of the dust generated in the connecting element. As already described above, this is advantageous because the dust, especially when it rests on the second lock device, has a sealing effect.
  • the level measuring device can therefore support the tightness.
  • the level measuring device can have one or more measuring sensors.
  • a lower measuring sensor can be a lower or Measure minimum level.
  • An upper measuring sensor can be an upper or Measure maximum fill level.
  • a control device can be provided and set up to regulate a lock device which is arranged at an end of the connecting element facing away from the filter device, in particular its speed, in such a way that a minimum level of the dust generated in the connecting element is maintained. This can ensure improved sealing.
  • the filter device is essentially gas-tight, with the exception of an inlet for the flue gas, an outlet for the flue gas and the discharge opening for accumulating dust, and one of the lock devices is connected to the discharge opening in a substantially gas-tight manner via a connecting part.
  • Gas tightness can be achieved, for example, by using seals.
  • the task is also solved by a cement production plant according to claim 14.
  • the cement production plant has at least one kiln system, in particular a rotary kiln, a filter system for dedusting flue gases and preferably a Preheating tower on.
  • the filter system is designed according to the above statements.
  • the sealing gas inlet can be connected to the furnace system, depending on the design, directly or via gas processing and/or gas cleaning, and/or a sealing gas supply, in particular a gas tank.
  • Fig. 1 schematically a cement production plant
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows a filter system with two lock devices that are connected to one another via a connecting element.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cement production plant 1 with a kiln system 3 designed as a rotary kiln 2, to which a clinker cooler 4 is connected.
  • Raw materials (not shown) are burned into cement clinker (not shown) in the rotary kiln 2 and then cooled in the clinker cooler 4.
  • Air enriched with oxygen or essentially pure oxygen is preferably used in the combustion process, so that the combustion produces essentially pure CO2, which can be further processed or used for other processes.
  • the raw materials are preheated in a preheating tower 5 before they are fed to the rotary kiln 2.
  • the rotary kiln 2 is arranged between the clinker cooler 4 and the preheating tower 5.
  • the preheating tower 5 consists of a plurality of interconnected cyclones 6. According to the countercurrent principle, the raw materials from a material feed 50 pass through the preheating tower 5 into the rotary kiln 2, whereas the furnace exhaust gases or Flue gases 7 flow through the preheating tower 5 against the flow of raw materials. Seen in the direction of the flue gases 7, the preheating tower 5 is located after the furnace system 3. The raw materials are heated to up to 800 ° C and transported towards the rotary kiln 2 . The flue gas 7 is at the same time from approx. 850 ° C cooled to 300 ° C to 400 ° C .
  • a so-called calciner (not shown) is installed in modern systems, which has a separate furnace and has the task of deacidifying the limestone using high temperatures and sufficient residence time.
  • the raw materials are heated further and finally sintered into clinker at material temperatures of up to 1600 ° C, whereby typical clinker phases (calcium aluminum silicates) are formed.
  • the flue gas 7 then passes via a fan 8 into a first filter system 9a ("furnace filter system") with at least one filter device 10, with which the flue gas 7 is dedusted.
  • the dedusted flue gas 7 then reaches a catalytic converter 11 for converting Nitrogen oxides NO ⁇ into harmless compounds.
  • a reducing agent for example a substance containing ammonia, urea and/or ammonium, is introduced via an inlet 12 before the flue gas 7 enters the catalytic converter 11.
  • the dedusted and filtered flue gas 7 then passes over a heat exchanger and a chimney (not shown) to the outside.
  • the cement production plant 1 shown also has a bypass branch 14, with which part of the flue gas 7 from the rotary kiln 2 is not fed directly into the preheating tower 5, but from a rotary kiln inlet chamber through a quench 15, a further filter system 9b ("bypass filter system") a filter device 10 and back into the transition area between the rotary kiln 2 and the preheating tower 5.
  • the bypass branch 14 is used to remove alkali and alkaline earth metal halides from the process.
  • two series-connected lock devices 18a, 18b are connected to each of the discharge openings 16, which are connected to one another via a connecting element 19.
  • a sealing gas inlet 20 opens into the connecting element 19, through which a sealing gas 21 is introduced into the connecting element 19 in order to block the penetration of ambient air.
  • the sealing gas 21 penetrates to the outside through all possible leaks and openings (or is conveyed out together with the dust) and thus displaces the ambient air entering through leaks and mainly the lock device 18b, as will be described in more detail below.
  • two such lock devices 18a, 18b with a sealing gas inlet 20 in between are connected to all discharge openings 16 of the filter system 9a and the filter system 9b.
  • the sealing gas 21 can be supplied via connecting lines from the furnace system 3 (not shown) or, as in FIG. 1 shown, are provided by gas tanks 55.
  • a valve 56 can regulate the sealing gas 21.
  • Fig. 2 shows the filter system 9b in detail.
  • the filter system 9a is larger, but designed in the same way, except for the difference that two discharge openings 16 are provided and at each discharge opening 16 there are two lock devices 18a, 18b connected in series and connected via a connecting element 19 with a sealing gas inlet 20 in between .
  • the filter device 10 has an inlet 51 and an outlet 52 for the flue gas 7.
  • the filter device 10 has a housing 53, within which at least one filter 54 is arranged.
  • the lock device 18a is also referred to as the first or upper lock device 18a.
  • the connecting element 19 is a straight connecting tube 26 in the illustration shown. From the filter device 10, dust passes through the discharge opening 16 into the first lock device 18a, through the connecting element 19 into the second lock device 18b and from there to the collection point 17.
  • the connecting element 19 is arranged essentially vertically, so that accumulating dust is transported from the first lock device 18a to the second lock device 18b by gravity.
  • the sealing gas inlet 20 opens into an inner wall of the connecting element 19. Several sealing gas inlets 20 can also be provided.
  • connection points between the components of the filter system 9b are designed to be gas-tight. However, ambient air can still penetrate via the output side 24 of the second lock device 18b.
  • the sealing gas 21 is introduced into the connecting element 19 at a pressure above the ambient pressure, for example at 1.04 bar. The sealing gas 21 displaces the incoming ambient air and pushes it (again) outwards. Sealing gas also escapes to the outside via the second lock device 18b.
  • CO2 is preferably used as sealing gas 21.
  • the use of CO2 as sealing gas 21 is particularly advantageous if air enriched with oxygen or essentially pure oxygen is used in the rotary kiln 2, which essentially creates pure CO2 during the combustion process. This means that CO2 is not a foreign gas for the process.
  • the filter system 9a, 9b has a level measuring device 27, which measures the level of the dust generated in the connecting element 19.
  • the level measuring device 27 has a lower 28a and an upper measuring sensor 28b.
  • a minimum fill level 29 can be detected with the lower measuring sensor 28a.
  • a maximum fill level 30 can be recorded with the upper measuring sensor. When the maximum level 30 is reached, countermeasures can be taken. For example, there may be a defect that needs to be corrected.
  • the speed of the second lock device 18b can also be increased in order to break down the dust. In any case, a warning can be issued.
  • a control device 31 can regulate the speed of the second lock device 18b, preferably with the aid of an inverter/frequency converter 32, which controls the electric motor 57, in such a way that the minimum fill level 29 is always present in the connecting element 19. For example, if the fill level is lower than the minimum fill level 29, the speed of the lower lock device 18b can be reduced or it can be brought to a standstill, at least until the minimum fill level 19 is present again.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'évacuation de poussière d'un système de filtre (9a, 9b) dans un système de production de ciment (1), selon lequel des matières premières pour la production de ciment sont cuites dans un système de four (3), un gaz de combustion résultant (7) est dépoussiéré dans le système de filtre (9a, 9b) avec un dispositif de filtre (10) et la poussière se produisant est évacuée par l'intermédiaire d'une ouverture d'évacuation (16) du dispositif de filtre (10), deux dispositifs d'écluse connectés en série (18a, 18b), plus particulièrement des écluses à roue cellulaire (25), étant fixés à l'ouverture d'évacuation (16) et étant reliés l'un à l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'un élément de liaison (19), plus particulièrement un tuyau de liaison (26) et transportant la poussière se produisant de l'ouverture d'évacuation (16) vers l'extérieur, entre les dispositifs d'écluse (18a, 18b), une entrée de gaz d'étanchéité (20) débouchant dans l'élément de liaison et un gaz d'étanchéité (21) étant introduit dans l'élément de liaison (19) afin de bloquer l'entrée d'air ambiant dans le dispositif de filtre (10). L'invention concerne en outre un système de filtration (9a, 9b) et un système de production de ciment (1) équipé d'un tel système de filtration (9a, 9b).
PCT/AT2023/060260 2022-08-03 2023-08-03 Procédé de production de ciment avec des dispositifs d'écluse, système de filtre et système de production de ciment WO2024026522A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50584/2022A AT525912B1 (de) 2022-08-03 2022-08-03 Verfahren zur Zementherstellung mit Schleusenvorrichtungen, Filteranlage und Zementherstellungsanlage
ATA50584/2022 2022-08-03

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