WO2024021970A1 - 垃圾中转站污水处理装置及系统 - Google Patents

垃圾中转站污水处理装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024021970A1
WO2024021970A1 PCT/CN2023/103167 CN2023103167W WO2024021970A1 WO 2024021970 A1 WO2024021970 A1 WO 2024021970A1 CN 2023103167 W CN2023103167 W CN 2023103167W WO 2024021970 A1 WO2024021970 A1 WO 2024021970A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
pipe
evaporation
air
evaporation tank
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/103167
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈云逸
陈礼国
张维
Original Assignee
上海在田环境科技有限公司
江苏丰又环境科技有限公司
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Application filed by 上海在田环境科技有限公司, 江苏丰又环境科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海在田环境科技有限公司
Publication of WO2024021970A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024021970A1/zh

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/048—Purification of waste water by evaporation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and more specifically, to a sewage treatment device and system for a garbage transfer station.
  • garbage transfer stations are usually built to facilitate the transfer of domestic waste. Garbage transfer stations often generate and overflow garbage leachate. If not treated in time, it will emit stench and breed bacteria.
  • the amount of sewage in garbage transfer stations is small, usually 1 to 5m 3 /day.
  • the area of garbage transfer stations in cities is also relatively small, usually only about 25 to 150m 2 .
  • the COD content of sewage in garbage transfer stations is usually as high as 30,000 to 60,000 mg/L, and is rich in animal and vegetable oils (as high as 500-1,000 mg/L) and SS (as high as 20,000 mg/L), which is this type of sewage pollution.
  • the component content is high and the treatment is difficult. If the above-mentioned sewage is treated by biological methods, it usually requires a larger biochemical tank and covers a large area. However, the urban garbage transfer station does not have a large land area for sewage treatment equipment.
  • this application proposes a wastewater treatment device in garbage transfer stations, which can effectively treat sewage in garbage transfer stations, while occupying a small area and low energy consumption. . Based on the above sewage treatment device, this application also proposes a sewage treatment system for garbage transfer stations. The specific scheme is as follows:
  • a wastewater treatment device for a garbage transfer station including:
  • An evaporation unit including an evaporation tank, an evaporation plate arranged in the evaporation tank, and a sewage circulation component for pumping sewage in the evaporation tank from the bottom of the evaporation tank to the top and flowing back to the bottom of the evaporation tank through the evaporation plate;
  • the water collection unit includes a water collection chamber, an air circulation component for pumping the air in the evaporation tank to the water collection chamber and then flowing it back to the evaporation tank, and a water absorbing member provided in the water collection chamber for adsorbing water vapor in the air flow. , and a water collecting component that discharges and collects water from the water-absorbing part when the water-absorbing part is saturated with water;
  • a control unit including a humidity detection component for monitoring the humidity of the air flowing out of the water collection chamber, and a control component for controlling the actions of each functional component;
  • control part is controllably connected to the humidity detection part, air circulation component, and water collection component,
  • the control component turns on the air circulation component, and the water-absorbing component absorbs water vapor in the airflow;
  • the control component turns off the air circulation component and controls the water collection component to start the drainage action.
  • the traditional biological treatment method requires sewage treatment equipment that covers a large area.
  • the evaporation tank is used to take out the water molecules in the sewage instead of Traditionally, removing pollutant components from sewage can reduce the area occupied by the entire sewage treatment device, and at the same time, it can fully meet the daily sewage treatment needs of the garbage transfer station.
  • the evaporation plates are arranged in plurality and are arranged in an inclined or vertical shape in the evaporation tank;
  • the sewage circulation component includes a circulating water pipe and a circulating water pump provided on the circulating water pipe. Both ends of the circulating water pipe are connected to the bottom and top of the evaporation tank respectively;
  • the bottom of the evaporation tank is provided with a water inlet connected to an external water inlet pipe, and the evaporation tank is provided with a plurality of water spray heads connected with a section of the circulating water pipe extending to the top of the evaporation tank;
  • the circulating water pump is controllably connected to the control component.
  • the evaporation plate can be used to increase the evaporation area of the sewage in the evaporation tank, which is conducive to the separation of water in the sewage.
  • the circulating water pump can be used to continuously spray the sewage onto the evaporation plate, which is conducive to the evaporation of water into the air.
  • a cooling panel for cooling water vapor in the air is provided at an angle on the top of the water collection chamber
  • the water-absorbing member includes a plurality of heat-conducting tubes wrapped with water-absorbing materials arranged in a water collecting chamber;
  • the water collection assembly includes an electric heating element disposed in the heat pipe, a distilled water collection tank and a drainage pipe disposed on the lower side of the cooling panel;
  • the air circulation component includes a circulating air pipe and a circulating air pump provided on the circulating air pipe.
  • the circulating air pipe communicates with the evaporation tank and the water collection chamber and forms an air flow circulation loop;
  • the electric heating element and the circulating air pump are both controllably connected to the control element.
  • the water vapor in the air in the water collection room is absorbed by the water-absorbing material wrapped on the heat-conducting pipe. Then, when the water-absorbing material is saturated with water, the electric heating element is turned on to heat the water-absorbing material, so that the water in it re-evaporates and condenses in the water-absorbing material. on the cooling panel, eventually flowing by gravity into a distilled water collection tank and discharged through a drain pipe.
  • the circulating air flow is used to continuously transfer the water vapor in the evaporation tank to the water collection chamber for collection.
  • the water collecting chamber includes a metal water collecting pipe arranged obliquely through the evaporation tank, and the evaporation plates are configured in multiple numbers and are all arranged on the outer side walls of the metal water collecting pipe;
  • the water-absorbing member includes a heat-conducting tube wrapped with water-absorbing material arranged coaxially with the metal water collecting pipe, and an electric heating element is provided in the heat-conducting tube;
  • the sewage circulation component includes a circulating water pipe and a circulating water pump provided on the circulating water pipe.
  • One end of the circulating water pipe is connected to the bottom of the evaporation tank, and the other end extends into the interior of the evaporation tank and is provided with multiple water sprays. head;
  • the air circulation component includes a circulating air pipe and a circulating air pump disposed on the circulating air pipe.
  • One end of the circulating air pipe is connected to the top of the evaporation tank, and the other end is connected to the metal water collecting pipe and then passed back to the The bottom of the evaporator forms an air circulation loop;
  • the water collection assembly includes a distilled water collection tank and a drainage pipe connected to the lower end of the metal water collection pipe;
  • the circulating water pump, circulating air pump and electric heating element are all controllably connected to the control element.
  • the water vapor in the evaporation tank enters the water collecting metal pipe, uses water-absorbing materials to absorb the water vapor in the air flow, and then returns to the evaporation tank through dry air, which is conducive to further evaporation of the sewage in the evaporation tank. .
  • the above solution can not only further reduce the volume of the entire device, but when the electric heating element heats the water-absorbing material, the heat it generates will evaporate the water in the water-absorbing material again, and the water-absorbing material will be regenerated. On the other hand, the heat will eventually It is transmitted to the evaporation plate through the metal water collecting pipe, further accelerating the evaporation of the sewage in the evaporation tank.
  • the metal water collecting pipe can also use the evaporation plate to dissipate its own heat, which facilitates the condensation and recovery of water vapor in the water collection chamber, improving Wastewater treatment efficiency of the entire unit.
  • the pipe wall of the metal water collecting pipe is arranged in a double-layer structure, and a heat-conducting cavity for filling the heat-conducting medium is formed inside;
  • the heat-conducting cavity is connected to a heat-conducting container containing heat-conducting medium and an auxiliary radiator. There is a device between the heat-conducting container and the heat-exchanging cavity for transferring the heat-conducting medium to the heat-conducting cavity or discharging it from the heat-conducting cavity. Transfer pump.
  • the heat conduction cavity is not filled with heat conduction medium, and most of the water vapor is absorbed by the water-absorbent material; when the water-absorbent material is saturated with water, the heat conduction medium is injected into the heat conduction cavity.
  • the cold generated by the evaporation of sewage inside the evaporation tank is transmitted to the inner wall of the metal water collection pipe, which facilitates the condensation of water vapor in the water collection chamber.
  • it also conducts the heat in the water collection chamber to the evaporation plate in the evaporation tank. Conducive to the evaporation of sewage.
  • Auxiliary radiators release excess heat from the entire unit to the outside as needed.
  • a cyclone separation chamber structure is provided at one end of the circulating air pipe at the top of the evaporation tank.
  • the centrifugal effect of the cyclone separation chamber is used to re-separate the fine sewage particles mixed in the air flow back into the evaporation tank, thereby reducing the small water droplets in the air flow from entrapping oil and slag into the water collection chamber, and improving the efficiency of the water collection chamber.
  • the service life of the absorbent material also ensures that pollutants will not escape.
  • the evaporation plate is configured as a corrugated plate and the surface of the evaporation plate is provided with a hydrophilic cotton layer or hydrophilic coating;
  • a section of connected water spray heads extending from the circulating water pipe into the evaporation tank is located above the evaporation plate or between the evaporation plates.
  • the circulating air pipe is provided with an electric valve for controlling the communication state between the evaporation tank and the water collection chamber, and the electric valve is controllably connected to the control member.
  • the circulating air pipe is provided with a ventilation valve connected to the external environment, and the ventilation valve is controllably connected to the control member;
  • a section of the circulating air pipe extending to the bottom of the evaporation tank is provided with a main air inlet pipe and an auxiliary air inlet pipe.
  • a gate valve is provided between the main air inlet pipe and the auxiliary air inlet pipe. The gate valve is controlled by the control piece. connect;
  • the main air inlet pipe is arranged close to the bottom wall of the evaporation tank and a plurality of aeration disks are provided at the air outlet; the auxiliary air inlet pipe is located between the evaporation plate and the bottom wall of the evaporation tank, and is connected with multiple aeration plates. airflow nozzle;
  • the evaporation tank is provided with a temperature sensor for measuring the air flow and sewage temperature inside the evaporation tank.
  • the temperature sensor is signally connected to the control part.
  • the control part receives and responds to the temperature detection output by the temperature sensor. Signal to control the strobe status of the above strobe valve and/or gas exchange valve.
  • the ventilation valve can be used to absorb air from the external environment and adjust the air flow temperature and oxygen content in the evaporation tank; when the temperature is in a suitable range, the control part opens the main air inlet pipe to allow the circulating air to The oxygen can be further dissolved into the sewage at the bottom of the evaporation tank, and the sewage to be treated in the evaporation tank can be further biologically treated to reduce the amount of polluting components such as grease in the sewage and improve the effect of sewage treatment.
  • this application also proposes a garbage transfer station sewage treatment system, including:
  • a collection tank which is connected to the bottom sink of the garbage compression equipment of the garbage transfer station through a pipeline and is used to collect garbage leachate
  • the sequential batch air flotation equipment is connected to the water collection tank through a water pipe, and an aeration device is provided inside for The collected landfill leachate is subjected to aeration treatment;
  • Biological filter filtration equipment is connected to the sequential batch air flotation equipment, and has a biological filler plate inside for biological filtration treatment of landfill leachate;
  • the sewage treatment device of the garbage transfer station As mentioned above, the sewage treatment device of the garbage transfer station, the bottom of the evaporation tank is connected with the biological filter filtration equipment, and the sewage filtered by the biological filter filtration equipment enters the evaporation tank for evaporation and separation treatment. .
  • a small amount of landfill leachate produced by garbage compression flows into the collection tank, and then is aerated and treated by sequential batch air flotation equipment to reduce the concentration of aerobic organic pollutants in the sewage.
  • the sewage is then treated with biological filler method.
  • the impurities in the evaporator are further filtered and processed, and finally the sewage containing a small amount of particulate impurities is injected into the evaporation tank.
  • the aforementioned sewage treatment device is used to separate the moisture in the sewage to complete the treatment of the sewage.
  • an exhaust pipe and an exhaust pump are externally connected to the circulating air pipe of the sewage treatment device of the garbage transfer station, and the exhaust pump is controllably connected to the control member;
  • the exhaust pipe is connected with a biological filter deodorization device.
  • FIG 1 is an overall schematic diagram of the sewage treatment device of the garbage transfer station (Embodiment 1);
  • FIG. 2 is an overall schematic diagram of the sewage treatment device of the garbage transfer station (Embodiment 2);
  • FIG 3 is an overall schematic diagram of the water collection chamber (Embodiment 2);
  • Figure 4 is an overall schematic diagram of the sewage treatment system of the garbage transfer station (based on Embodiment 1).
  • Main air inlet pipe; 2214 auxiliary air inlet pipe; 2215, strobe valve; 2216, aeration plate; 2217, air flow nozzle; 222, circulating air pump; 223, cyclone separation chamber; 224, exhaust pipe; 225, exhaust Pump; 230, water-absorbing parts; 231, heat-conducting pipe; 232, water-absorbing material; 240, metal water collection pipe; 241, heat-conducting cavity; 242, heat-conducting container; 243, auxiliary radiator; 244, transfer pump; 300, water collecting assembly; 310. Cooling panel; 320. Distilled water collection tank; 330. Drainage pipe; 400. Collection tank; 500. Sequential batch air flotation equipment; 600. Biological filter filtration equipment; 700. Biological filter deodorization equipment; 800. Humidity Test pieces.
  • a garbage transfer station sewage treatment device is mainly used to treat a small amount of sewage with high pollution component concentration generated during garbage compression in the garbage transfer station. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, it mainly includes an evaporation unit 100 and a water collection unit 200. and control unit.
  • the evaporation unit 100 is used to separate the moisture in the sewage from polluting components, such as oil, residue, etc., and mainly includes an evaporation tank 110, an evaporation plate 120 provided in the evaporation tank 110, and a device for automatically removing the sewage in the evaporation tank 110.
  • the bottom of the evaporation tank 110 is pumped to the top and flows back to the sewage circulation assembly 130 at the bottom of the evaporation tank 110 through the evaporation plate 120 .
  • the water collection unit 200 includes a water collection chamber 210, an air circulation component 220 for pumping the air in the evaporation tank 110 to the water collection chamber 210 and then returning it to the evaporation tank 110, and an air circulation component 220 disposed in the water collection chamber 210 for adsorbing the air flow.
  • the water absorbing member 230 contains water vapor, and the water collecting assembly 300 discharges and collects water from the water absorbing member 230 when the water absorbing member 230 is saturated with water.
  • the control unit includes a humidity detection component 800 for monitoring the humidity of the air flowing out of the water collection chamber 210, and a control component for controlling the actions of each functional component.
  • the “bottom of the evaporator 110” is defined as the bottom wall of the evaporator 110 and the area near the bottom wall; the “top of the evaporator 110” is defined as the top wall of the evaporator 110 and the area near the top. Wall location area.
  • a plurality of evaporation plates 120 are provided in an inclined or vertical shape inside the evaporation tank 110 .
  • the sewage circulation component 130 includes a circulating water pipe 131 and a circulating water pump 132 provided on the circulating water pipe 131. Both ends of the circulating water pipe 131 are connected to the bottom and top of the evaporation tank 110 respectively, and pump the sewage located at the bottom of the evaporation tank 110 to evaporation. The top of the tank 110 then flows back to the bottom of the evaporation tank 110 through the evaporation plate 120, thereby realizing the circulation of sewage inside the evaporation tank 110.
  • the bottom of the evaporation tank 110 is provided with a water inlet 111 connected with the external sewage inlet pipe.
  • the evaporation tank 110 is provided with a plurality of water spray heads 133 connected with a section of the circulating water pipe 131 extending into the top of the evaporation tank 110.
  • an inspection opening and an inspection sealing door 112 are provided on the side wall of the evaporation tank 110 .
  • the water inlet 111 is provided with a water inlet valve for controlling the opening and closing of the water inlet pipe.
  • the water inlet valve and the circulating water pump 132 are both controlled and connected to the control component, and act upon receiving the control instructions output by the control component.
  • the top of the water collection chamber 210 is provided with a cooling panel 310 for cooling water vapor in the air.
  • the water absorbing member 230 includes a plurality of heat conduction pipes 231 wrapped in a water absorbing material 232 and arranged in the water collection chamber 210.
  • the above-mentioned water collection chamber 210 is installed on the roof of the garbage transfer station.
  • the above-mentioned cooling panel 310 is made of transparent glass and is inclined at an angle of not less than 45° on the top of the water collection chamber 210 so that water can be collected.
  • the water-absorbing material 232 in the chamber 210 can absorb solar radiation to achieve dehydration and regeneration.
  • the above-mentioned water-absorbing material 232 can be silicate xerogel.
  • the heat conduction pipe 231 is made of copper pipe or copper alloy pipe.
  • the water collection assembly 300 includes an electric heating element disposed in the heat pipe 231 and a distilled water collection tank 320 and a drain pipe 330 disposed on the lower side of the cooling panel 310 .
  • the above-mentioned electric heating element is configured as an electric heating wire.
  • the above-mentioned electric heating wire is connected to an external municipal power supply or other power generation and energy storage device, and operates under the control of the control component.
  • a distilled water collection tank 320 is provided on the lower side of the cooling panel 310 to collect water that slides down the cooling panel 310 after condensation. The collected water is discharged through the drain pipe 330 .
  • a drain switch valve such as a float switch valve, can be installed at the drain pipe 330.
  • the drain pipe 330 will be automatically opened to drain the water. .
  • the air circulation component 220 includes a circulating air pipe 221 and a circulating air pump 222 provided on the circulating air pipe 221.
  • the circulating air pipe 221 communicates with the evaporator 110 and the water collection chamber 210 and forms an air flow circulation loop.
  • the air inlet end of the above-mentioned circulating air pipe 221 is located at the top of the evaporator 110, and the air outlet end of the circulating air pipe 221 is located at the bottom of the evaporator 110, so that the air flow can take away the water vapor in the evaporator 110. to the water collection chamber 210.
  • the water collecting chamber 210 includes at least one metal water collecting pipe 240 provided obliquely through the evaporation tank 110 .
  • the metal water collecting pipe 240 is made of copper, copper alloy or stainless steel.
  • the evaporation plates 120 are configured as multiple and uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the metal water collecting pipe 240. They are arranged in a spiral manner around the axial direction of the water collecting pipe. Each evaporating plate 120 is arranged in an inclined manner so that the airflow can flow uniformly across its surface. .
  • the evaporation plate 120 corresponds to the metal water collecting pipe 240 and is made of metal thermally conductive material.
  • the water-absorbing member 230 includes a heat-conducting pipe 231 wrapped with a water-absorbing material 232 and arranged coaxially with the metal water collecting pipe 240.
  • the heat pipe 231 is provided with an electric heating element.
  • the arrangement of the above-mentioned water-absorbing material 232, heat-conducting pipe 231, and electric heating element is the same as that in the previous embodiment, and will not be described again here.
  • the sewage circulation assembly 130 includes a circulating water pipe 131 and a circulating water pump 132 provided on the circulating water pipe 131.
  • One end of the circulating water pipe 131 is connected to the bottom of the evaporation tank 110, and the other end extends into the interior of the evaporation tank 110.
  • multiple water spray heads 133 are provided.
  • the circulating water pump 132 is connected to the control unit and receives control instructions output from the control unit to act, such as changing the sewage circulation rate.
  • the air circulation assembly 220 includes a circulating air pipe 221 and a circulating air pump 222 provided on the circulating air pipe 221.
  • One end of the circulating air pipe 221 is connected to the top of the evaporation tank 110, and the other end is connected to the metal water collecting pipe 240 and then passes back to the bottom of the evaporation tank 110.
  • the above-mentioned circulating air pump 222 is controlled and connected with the control component, and receives control instructions output from the control component to act, such as changing the air flow circulation rate, etc.
  • the water collection assembly 300 includes a distilled water collection tank 320 and a drainage pipe 330 connected to the lower end of the metal water collection pipe 240.
  • a drainage switch valve such as a float switch valve, can be installed at the above-mentioned drainage pipe 330.
  • the water vapor in the evaporation tank 110 enters the water collecting metal pipe, uses the water absorbing material 232 to absorb the water vapor in the air flow, and then returns to the evaporation tank 110 through dry air. , which is conducive to further evaporation of the sewage in the evaporation tank 110.
  • the water collection chamber 210 and the evaporation tank 110 are superimposed and arranged, which can not only further reduce the volume of the entire device, but also when the electric heating element heats the water-absorbing material 232, the heat generated by it makes the water-absorbing material 232 The water evaporates again, and the water-absorbing material 232 is regenerated.
  • the heat is finally conducted to the evaporation plate 120 through the metal water collection pipe 240, further accelerating the evaporation of the sewage in the evaporation tank 110.
  • the metal water collection pipe 240 can also be used in the above process.
  • the evaporation plate 120 dissipates its own heat, which facilitates the condensation recovery of water vapor in the water collection chamber 210 and improves the sewage treatment efficiency of the entire device.
  • the pipe wall of the metal water collecting pipe 240 is set to The double-layer structure has a thermal conductive cavity 241 filled with thermal conductive medium.
  • the above-mentioned heat transfer medium can use heat transfer fluids such as water.
  • the heat conduction cavity 241 is connected with a heat conduction container 242 containing a heat conduction medium and an auxiliary heat sink 243.
  • a transfer pump 244 is provided between the heat transfer container 242 and the heat exchange cavity for transferring the heat transfer medium to or discharging the heat transfer medium from the heat transfer cavity 241.
  • the transfer pump 244 can be configured as an air pump or a gas pump according to the heat transfer medium.
  • the liquid pump is control connected with the control component, receives and acts in response to the control instructions of the control component.
  • a circulation loop is formed between the heat conduction cavity 241 and the heat conduction container 242. path, the above transfer pump 244 can be configured as two peristaltic pumps.
  • the heat transfer pump The chamber 241 may be provided with an electrically controlled communication valve that communicates with the external environment.
  • the heat conduction container 242 is an independent tank, which stores a fluid for heat conduction.
  • the heat conduction container 242 can directly use the distilled water tank, that is, use the distilled water obtained by condensation.
  • the above-mentioned auxiliary radiator 243 is mainly used to adjust the temperature of the heat-conducting medium in the heat-conducting container 242, thereby changing the heat in the entire system. If the temperature in the system is too high, the above-mentioned auxiliary radiator 243 is used to reduce the temperature of the heat-conducting medium. After reducing to the set value, it is injected into the heat conduction cavity.
  • the heat or cold in the heat conduction cavity is conducted to the evaporation plate 120 through the outer wall of the metal water collecting pipe 240, and then to the inside of the evaporation tank 110.
  • the above-mentioned auxiliary radiator 243 can use natural cooling to dissipate heat, that is, use capillary tubes and circulation pumps to allow the heat-conducting medium in the heat-conducting container 242 to exchange heat with the surrounding ambient air; it can also use active cooling to dissipate heat.
  • the auxiliary radiator 243 is connected to the control part, such as by setting up a compressor, a cooling fan and other structures. For details, please refer to the air conditioning cooling structure, which will not be described again here.
  • the heat conduction cavity 241 is not filled with heat conduction medium, and most of the water vapor is absorbed by the water absorbent material 232; when the water absorbent material 232 is saturated with water, heat conduction is injected into the heat conduction cavity 241.
  • medium at this time, the cold generated by the evaporation of the sewage inside the evaporation tank 110 is conducted to the inner wall of the metal water collection pipe 240, which facilitates the condensation of water vapor in the water collection chamber 210 and also conducts the heat in the water collection chamber 210 to the evaporator.
  • On the evaporation plate 120 in the tank 110 it is conducive to the evaporation of sewage.
  • the auxiliary radiator 243 releases the excess heat of the entire device to the external space as needed to control the temperature of the entire system.
  • the humidity detection component 800 In order to control the working status of the water collection chamber 210, that is, when to start the recovery action of water in the water absorbing material 232, the humidity detection component 800, such as a humidity sensor, is disposed at the airflow outlet of the water collection chamber 210.
  • the control component turns on the air circulation component 220, and the water absorbing component 230 absorbs water vapor in the airflow; when the air humidity value collected by the humidity detection component 800 exceeds the set range After the range, that is, the water-absorbent material 232 no longer absorbs water after being saturated with water, and the humidity in the airflow increases.
  • the control part turns off the air circulation component 220 and controls the water collection component 300 to start the drainage action.
  • the electric heating component is used to heat the above-mentioned water-absorbent material 232. The water in it is drained.
  • the above-mentioned control part can be implemented by using a microcontroller control module or a PLC control module loaded with a setting program.
  • the humidity sensor collects and outputs the humidity detection signal and then transmits it to the control part.
  • the control part determines the humidity detection signal based on the built-in program. range and output corresponding control signals.
  • the above-mentioned control components also output various control signals based on the built-in program to control various functional components, such as the sewage circulation component 130 and the air circulation component. The speed, flow rate and other parameters of component 220.
  • the circulating air pipe 221 A cyclone separation chamber 223 structure is provided at one end of the top position of the evaporation tank 110. The centrifugal action of the cyclone separation chamber 223 is used to re-separate the fine sewage particles mixed in the air flow back to the evaporation tank 110.
  • the evaporation plate 120 is configured as a corrugated plate and the surface of the evaporation plate 120 is provided with a hydrophilic cotton layer 121 or a hydrophilic coating.
  • the circulating water pipe 131 extends into the evaporation tank 110 and a section of connected water spray heads 133 are located between the evaporation plates 120 .
  • the above-mentioned water spray heads 133 can also be placed between the evaporation plates 120 . above plate 120.
  • the above solution fully disperses the sewage to increase the contact area between it and the air, and at the same time ensures that the sewage will not rebound and splash after contacting the evaporation plate 120, thereby reducing the generation of water mist in the top area of the evaporation tank 110 and reducing the number of small water droplets.
  • the circulating air pipe 221 is provided with a control
  • the electric valve 2210 is in a state of communication between the evaporator tank 110 and the water collecting chamber 210.
  • the electric valve 2210 can be an electric butterfly valve, which is connected to the control part.
  • the circulating air pipe 221 is provided with a ventilation valve 2211 that is connected to the external environment.
  • the ventilation valve 2211 is controlled and connected to the control part.
  • a section of the above-mentioned circulating air pipe 221 extending into the bottom of the evaporation tank 110 is provided with a main air inlet pipe 2213 and an auxiliary air inlet pipe 2214.
  • a strobe valve 2215 is provided between the main air inlet pipe 2213 and the auxiliary air inlet pipe 2214.
  • the valve 2215 is connected to the control part.
  • the main air inlet pipe 2213 is provided close to the bottom wall of the evaporation tank 110 and multiple aeration disks 2216 are provided at the air outlet; the auxiliary air inlet pipe 2214 is located between the evaporation plate 120 and the bottom wall of the evaporation tank 110, and is connected with multiple air flow nozzles 2217 .
  • the main air inlet pipe 2213 can be used to aerate the sewage located at the bottom of the evaporation tank 110 .
  • the evaporator 110 is provided with a temperature sensor for measuring the air flow and sewage temperature inside the evaporator 110.
  • the temperature sensor is signal-connected to the control component.
  • the control component receives and responds to the temperature detection signal output by the temperature sensor to control the above-mentioned strobe valve 2215. and/or the strobe status of the ventilation valve 2211.
  • the strobe valve 2215 is used to select the auxiliary air inlet pipe 2214 to stop aeration, or the ventilation valve 2211 is opened to introduce new Air with lower temperature and higher oxygen content enters the evaporation tank 110.
  • the main air inlet pipe 2213 is opened to aerate the sewage and increase the oxygen content while controlling the temperature of the sewage.
  • an oxygen content detection device can be provided in the evaporation tank 110 and the detection signal is output to the control part.
  • the control part controls the action of the ventilation valve 2211 according to the oxygen concentration in the evaporation tank 110 .
  • the ventilation valve 2211 can be used to absorb the air in the external environment and adjust the air flow temperature and oxygen content in the evaporation tank 110; when the temperature is in a suitable range, the control part opens the main air inlet pipe 2213 to allow circulating flow.
  • the oxygen in the air can be further dissolved into the sewage at the bottom of the evaporation tank 110, and the sewage to be treated in the evaporation tank 110 is further biologically treated, reducing the amount of pollution components such as grease in the sewage, and improving the effect of sewage treatment.
  • the above-mentioned sewage treatment device is designed for garbage transfer stations and uses an evaporation tank 110 to evaporate the water in the sewage. Taking out the molecules from the sewage instead of the traditional polluting components in the sewage can reduce the area occupied by the entire sewage treatment device, and at the same time, it can fully meet the daily sewage treatment needs of the garbage transfer station.
  • this application also proposes a garbage transfer station sewage treatment system, as shown in Figure 4, including a system controller, a collection tank 400, a sequencing batch air flotation equipment 500, and a biological filter. Equipment 600 and the waste transfer station sewage treatment device as before.
  • the collection tank 400 is connected to the bottom sink of the garbage compression equipment of the garbage transfer station through a pipeline, and is used to collect garbage leachate.
  • the sequential batch air flotation equipment 500 is connected to the collection tank 400 through a water pipe, and an aeration device is provided inside for aeration treatment of the collected garbage leachate.
  • the water pipeline is equipped with a water pump connected with the system controller signal, and the water collection tank 400 is provided with a liquid level detection device, such as a float level sensor.
  • the control signal is output to the system controller, and the system controller controls the action of the water transfer pump to pump the sewage in the collection tank 400 to the sequential air flotation equipment 500.
  • the above water transfer pump can also be timed or based on The liquid level in the sequential batch air flotation equipment 500 extracts the sewage in the collection tank 400 and outputs it to the sequential batch air flotation equipment 500 .
  • the sequential batch air flotation equipment 500 can be implemented using existing technologies. It mainly includes an aeration component and a liquid level detection and water inlet and outlet component. When the liquid level in the equipment reaches the set height, aeration is performed. After the set time is reached, the treated sewage will be output, and then the next batch of sewage will be obtained for treatment.
  • the biological filter filtration equipment 600 is connected to the sequential batch air flotation equipment 500, and a water delivery control valve is provided between the two.
  • the biological filter filtration equipment 600 is provided with a biological filler plate inside, and the biological filler plate is provided with a water supply.
  • the filler on which microorganisms grow and adhere is used for biological filtration of landfill leachate.
  • Biological filter filtration has been disclosed in the prior art and will not be described again here.
  • the biological filter filtration equipment 600 is connected to the water inlet 111 of the evaporation tank 110 through an output pipe.
  • the water enters the sewage treatment device of the garbage transfer station as mentioned above to evaporate the water.
  • the circulating air pipe 221 of the sewage treatment device of the garbage transfer station is externally connected with an exhaust pipe 224 and an exhaust pump 225.
  • the exhaust pump 225 is connected to the system control
  • the air outlet end of the exhaust pipe 224 is connected with a biological filter deodorization device 700.
  • the separated clean water can be collected in a clear water tank for normal use by the garbage transfer station.
  • a small amount of landfill leachate generated by garbage compression flows into the collection tank 400, and is then aerated and treated by the sequential batch air flotation equipment 500 to reduce the concentration of aerobic organic pollutants in the sewage, and then uses the biological filler method
  • the impurities in the sewage are further filtered and processed, and finally the sewage containing a small amount of particulate matter impurities is injected into the evaporation tank 110.
  • the aforementioned sewage treatment device is used to separate the moisture in the sewage to complete the treatment of the sewage.
  • the power supply in this system can be provided by solar panels and their energy storage components installed on the top of the garbage transfer station to reduce the energy consumption of the entire garbage treatment device and system.

Abstract

本发明公开一种垃圾中转站污水处理装置及系统，涉及污水处理装置技术领域，所述垃圾中转站污水处理装置包括蒸发单元、集水单元以及控制单元；蒸发单元包括蒸发罐、设于蒸发罐中的蒸发板以及污水循环组件；集水单元包括集水室、空气循环组件、吸水件以及当吸水件吸水饱和后将水排出并收集的集水组件；控制单元包括用于监测自集水室中流出空气湿度的湿度检测件以及用于根据湿度检测件输出的湿度检测信号控制各功能组件动作的控制件；通过利用蒸发罐将污水中的水分子从污水中拿出来而非传统地将污水中的污染组分拿出来，能够减小整个污水处理装置的占地面积，同时可以充分满足垃圾中转站日均污水处理需求。

Description

垃圾中转站污水处理装置及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及污水处理技术领域，更具体地说，它涉及一种垃圾中转站污水处理装置及系统。
背景技术
城市中为方便生活垃圾的转运通常建设有垃圾中转站，垃圾中转站常有垃圾渗滤液产生并溢出，若不及时处理将会散发恶臭、滋生病菌。
相对而言，垃圾中转站污水的量较少，通常在1～5m3/天，城市中的垃圾中转站占地面积也比较小，通常只有25～150m2左右。与普通污水相比，垃圾中转站的污水COD含量通常高达3～6万mg/L，且富含动植物油(高达500～1000mg/L)、SS(高达20000mg/L)，即该种污水污染组分含量高，处理难度大，若使用生物法处理上述污水通常需要较大的生化池，占地面积大，而城市垃圾中转站现场又没有大的土地面积可供污水处理设备使用。
因此，亟需一种小型化的污水处理装置，占地面积小的同时能够有效处理上述垃圾中转站的污水。
发明内容
针对实际运用中垃圾中转站污水难以处理这一问题，本申请一方面在于提出一种垃圾中转站污水处理装置，其能够对垃圾中转站的污水加以有效处理，同时占地面积小，能耗低。基于上述污水处理装置，本申请还提出了一种垃圾中转站污水处理系统，具体方案如下：
一种垃圾中转站污水处理装置，包括：
蒸发单元，包括蒸发罐、设置于蒸发罐中的蒸发板、以及用于将蒸发罐中的污水自蒸发罐底部泵送到顶部并经所述蒸发板流回到蒸发罐底部的污水循环组件；
集水单元，包括集水室、用于将蒸发罐中空气泵送到集水室而后流回到蒸发罐中的空气循环组件、设置于集水室中用于吸附气流中水蒸气的吸水件、以及当吸水件吸水饱和后将水从吸水件中排出并收集的集水组件；
控制单元，包括用于监测自集水室中流出空气湿度的湿度检测件、以及用于控制各功能组件动作的控制件；
其中，所述控制件与所述湿度检测件以及空气循环组件、集水组件控制连接，
当所述湿度检测件采集到的空气湿度值位于设定范围内，所述控制件开启所述空气循环组件，所述吸水件吸收气流中的水蒸气；
当所述湿度检测件采集到的空气湿度值超过设定范围后，所述控制件关断所述空气循环组件并控制所述集水组件开启排水动作。
由于垃圾渗滤液的污染组分含量很高，通过传统的生物处理法需要占地面积很大的污水处理设备，通过上述技术方案，利用蒸发罐将污水中的水分子从污水中拿出来而非传统地将污水中的污染组分拿出来，能够减小整个污水处理装置的占地面积，同时可以充分满足垃圾中转站日均污水处理需求。
进一步的，所述蒸发板设置为多个且呈倾斜状或竖直状设置于所述蒸发罐内；
所述污水循环组件包括循环水管以及设置于循环水管上的循环水泵，所述循环水管的两端分别与蒸发罐的底部和顶部相连通；
所述蒸发罐的底部设置有与外部进水管相连通的进水口，所述蒸发罐内设置有多个与所述循环水管伸入到蒸发罐顶部一段相连通的喷水头；
所述循环水泵与所述控制件控制连接。
通过上述技术方案，利用蒸发板能够增加蒸发罐中污水的蒸发面积，利于污水中的水分被分离出来，同时利用循环水泵能够不断地将污水喷洒到蒸发板上，利于水分蒸发到空气中。
进一步的，所述集水室的顶部倾斜设置有用于冷却空气中水蒸气的冷却面板；
所述吸水件包括设置于集水室中的多根由吸水材料包裹的导热管；
所述集水组件包括设置于所述导热管内的电加热件以及设置于所述冷却面板位置较低一侧的蒸馏水收集槽及排水管；
所述空气循环组件包括循环气管以及设置于循环气管上的循环气泵，所述循环气管连通所述蒸发罐及集水室并构成一气流循环回路；
其中，所述电加热件及循环气泵均与所述控制件控制连接。
通过上述技术方案，利用包裹在导热管上的吸水材料吸收集水室空气中的水蒸气，而后当吸水材料吸水饱和后，开启电加热件加热上述吸水材料，使得其中的水分重新蒸发并凝结在冷却面板上，最终在重力的作用下流到蒸馏水收集槽中并通过排水管排出。上述过程，利用循环的气流不断地将蒸发罐中的水蒸气转移到集水室中被收集。
进一步的，所述集水室包括倾斜贯穿所述蒸发罐设置的金属集水管，所述蒸发板配置为多个且均设置于所述金属集水管的外侧壁上；
所述吸水件包括与所述金属集水管同轴设置的由吸水材料包裹的导热管，所述导热管内设置有电加热件；
所述污水循环组件包括循环水管以及设置于循环水管上的循环水泵，所述循环水管的一端与所述蒸发罐的底部相连通，另一端伸入到蒸发罐的内部且设置有多个喷水头；
所述空气循环组件包括循环气管以及设置于所述循环气管上的循环气泵，所述循环气管的一端与所述蒸发罐的顶部相连通，另一端连通所述金属集水管后穿回到所述蒸发罐的底部构成一气流循环回路；
所述集水组件包括与所述金属集水管位置较低一端相连通的蒸馏水收集槽及排水管；
其中，所述循环水泵、循环气泵以及电加热件均与所述控制件控制连接。
通过上述技术方案，蒸发罐中的水蒸气进入到集水金属管中，利用吸水材料吸收气流中的水蒸气，而后经干燥的空气重新回到蒸发罐中，有利于蒸发罐中的污水进一步蒸发。上述方案不仅能够进一步减小整个装置的体积，同时当电加热件在对吸水材料进行加热时，其产生的热量一方面让吸水材料中的水再次蒸发，吸水材料获得再生，另一方面热量最终经金属集水管传导到蒸发板上，进一步加速了蒸发罐中污水的蒸发，同时上述过程中金属集水管也能够利用蒸发板散失掉自身的热量，便于集水室中水蒸气的冷凝回收，提升整个装置的污水处理效率。
进一步的，所述金属集水管的管壁设置为双层结构，其内部形成一用于填充导热介质的导热腔；
所述导热腔与一盛装有导热介质的导热容器以及一辅助散热器相连通，导热容器与换热腔二者之间设置有用于将导热介质转移到导热腔或将其从导热腔中排出的转移泵。
通过上述技术方案，当气流正常穿过所述集水室时，导热腔中不填充导热介质，水蒸气大部分被吸水材料吸收；当吸水材料吸水饱和后，向导热腔中注入导热介质，此时蒸发罐内部污水蒸发所产生的冷量传导到金属集水管的内侧壁上，便于集水室中水蒸气的冷凝，同时也将集水室中的热量传导到蒸发罐中的蒸发板上，利于污水的蒸发。辅助散热器则根据需要，将整个装置多余的热量释放到外部空间中。
进一步的，所述循环气管位于所述蒸发罐顶部位置一端设置有旋风分离室结构。
通过上述技术方案，利用旋风分离室的离心作用使得气流中混杂的细小污水颗粒被重新分离回到蒸发罐中，由此可以减少气流中的小水滴裹挟油、渣进入到集水室中，提升吸水材料的使用寿命同时保证污染物不会外泄。
进一步的，所述蒸发板设置为波纹板且所述蒸发板的表面设置有亲水棉层或亲水涂层；
所述循环水管伸入到蒸发罐内的一段连接的喷水头均位于所述蒸发板上方或位于各蒸发板之间。
通过上述技术方案，在将污水充分散开增大其与空气之间接触面积的同时，保证了污水接触到蒸发板后不会飞溅，由此减少蒸发罐顶部区域水雾的产生，降低小水滴裹挟污染物进入集水室的概率。
进一步的，所述循环气管上设置有用于控制蒸发罐与集水室连通状态的电动阀，所述电动阀与所述控制件控制连接。
通过上述技术方案，当集水室中的吸水材料吸水饱和时，阻断气流循环回路，确保吸水材料蒸发的水蒸气不会回到蒸发罐中。
进一步的，所述循环气管上设置有与外部环境相连通的换气阀，所述换气阀与所述控制件控制连接；
所述循环气管伸入到蒸发罐底部的一段设置为主进气管与副进气管，所述主进气管与副进气管之间设置有选通阀，所述选通阀与所述控制件控制连接；
所述主进气管靠近所述蒸发罐底壁设置且出气口处设置有多个曝气盘；所述副进气管位于所述蒸发板与所述蒸发罐底壁之间，且连通设置有多个气流喷嘴；
所述蒸发罐内设置有用于测定蒸发罐罐体内部气流及污水温度的温度传感器，所述温度传感器与所述控制件信号连接，所述控制件接收并响应于所述温度传感器输出的温度检测信号，控制上述选通阀和/或换气阀的选通状态。
通过上述技术方案，可以利用换气阀吸收外部环境中的空气，调整蒸发罐中的气流温度及含氧量；当温度处于适宜区间时，控制件选通主进气管进而使得循环流动的空气中的氧能够进一步溶解到蒸发罐底部的污水中，进一步对蒸发罐中待处理的污水加以生物法处理，减少污水中油脂等污染组分的量，提升污水处理的效果。
基于上述垃圾中转站污水处理装置，本申请还提出了一种垃圾中转站污水处理系统，包括：
系统控制器；
集水池，其通过一管道与垃圾中转站的垃圾压缩设备底部水槽相连通，用于收集垃圾渗滤液；
序批式气浮设备，与所述集水池经一输水管相连通，内部设置有曝气装置，用于对 收集的垃圾渗滤液进行曝气处理；
生物滤池过滤设备，与所述序批式气浮设备相连通，内部设置有生物填料板，用于对垃圾渗滤液进行生物过滤处理；以及
如前所述的垃圾中转站污水处理装置，所述蒸发罐的底部与所述生物滤池过滤设备相连通，经所述生物滤池过滤设备过滤后的污水进入到蒸发罐中经蒸发分离处理。
通过上述技术方案，由垃圾压缩产生的少量垃圾渗滤液流到集水池中，而后经序批式气浮设备曝气处理，降低污水中好氧有机污染物的浓度，而后利用生物填料法将污水中的杂质等进一步过滤处理，最终含有少量颗粒物杂质的污水被注入到蒸发罐中，利用前述污水处理装置将污水中的水分分离出来，完成污水的处理。
进一步的，所述垃圾中转站污水处理装置的循环气管上外接有排气管及排气泵，所述排气泵与所述控制件控制连接；
所述排气管连通设置有一生物滤池除臭设备。
通过上述技术方案，可以在实现蒸发罐气体外排的同时减少垃圾中转站的恶臭气体释放量。
与现有技术相比，本申请的有益效果如下：
(1)通过利用蒸发罐将污水中的水分子从污水中拿出来而非传统地将污水中的污染组分拿出来，能够减小整个污水处理装置的占地面积，同时可以充分满足垃圾中转站日均污水处理需求；
(2)通过将蒸发罐与集水室重叠贯穿，使得整个装置的体积进一步减小，同时集水室与蒸发罐之间的冷热量可以交替使用，大大提升了污水蒸发回收的效率。
附图说明
图1为垃圾中转站污水处理装置的整体示意图(实施方式一)；
图2为垃圾中转站污水处理装置的整体示意图(实施方式二)；
图3为集水室的整体示意图(实施方式二)；
图4为垃圾中转站污水处理系统的整体示意图(基于实施方式一)。
附图标记：100、蒸发单元；110、蒸发罐；111、进水口；112、检修密封门；120、蒸发板；121、亲水棉层；130、污水循环组件；131、循环水管；132、循环水泵；133、喷水头；200、集水单元；210、集水室；220、空气循环组件；221、循环气管；2210、电动阀；2211、换气阀；2213、主进气管；2214、副进气管；2215、选通阀；2216、曝气盘；2217、气流喷嘴；222、循环气泵；223、旋风分离室；224、排气管；225、排气 泵；230、吸水件；231、导热管；232、吸水材料；240、金属集水管；241、导热腔；242、导热容器；243、辅助散热器；244、转移泵；300、集水组件；310、冷却面板；320、蒸馏水收集槽；330、排水管；400、集水池；500、序批式气浮设备；600、生物滤池过滤设备；700、生物滤池除臭设备；800、湿度检测件。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例及附图对本发明作进一步的详细说明，但本发明的实施方式不仅限于此。
一种垃圾中转站污水处理装置，主要用于处理垃圾中转站在垃圾压缩时产生的少量高污染组分浓度的污水，结合图1和图2所示，主要包括蒸发单元100、集水单元200以及控制单元。
蒸发单元100用于将污水中的水分与污染组分，如油、渣等分离，主要包括蒸发罐110、设置于蒸发罐110中的蒸发板120、以及用于将蒸发罐110中的污水自蒸发罐110底部泵送到顶部并经蒸发板120流回到蒸发罐110底部的污水循环组件130。
集水单元200包括集水室210、用于将蒸发罐110中空气泵送到集水室210而后流回到蒸发罐110中的空气循环组件220、设置于集水室210中用于吸附气流中水蒸气的吸水件230、以及当吸水件230吸水饱和后将水从吸水件230中排出并收集的集水组件300。
控制单元包括用于监测自集水室210中流出空气湿度的湿度检测件800、以及用于控制各功能组件动作的控制件。
应当指出的是，上述描述中，“蒸发罐110底部”的定义为蒸发罐110的底壁以及靠近底壁的位置区域；“蒸发罐110顶部”的定义为蒸发罐110的顶壁以及靠近顶壁的位置区域。
在一实施方式中，如图1所示，蒸发板120设置为多个且呈倾斜状或竖直状设置于蒸发罐110内。污水循环组件130包括循环水管131以及设置于循环水管131上的循环水泵132，循环水管131的两端分别与蒸发罐110的底部和顶部相连通，将位于蒸发罐110底部的污水泵送到蒸发罐110顶部而后经蒸发板120流回到蒸发罐110底部，实现污水在蒸发罐110内部的循环。
详述的，蒸发罐110的底部设置有与外部污水进水管相连通的进水口111，蒸发罐110内设置有多个与循环水管131伸入到蒸发罐110顶部一段相连通的喷水头133。为了方便检修与清理，在蒸发罐110的侧壁上还开设有检修口并设置有检修密封门112。 上述进水口111处设置有用于控制上述进水管启闭的进水阀门。
所述进水阀门与循环水泵132均与所述控制件控制连接，接收控制件输出的控制指令而动作。
如图1所示，所述集水室210的顶部倾斜设置有用于冷却空气中水蒸气的冷却面板310，吸水件230包括设置于集水室210中的多根由吸水材料232包裹的导热管231。在本实施方式中，上述集水室210设置于垃圾中转站的屋顶位置，上述冷却面板310采用透明玻璃制成，其以不小于45°角倾斜设置于集水室210的顶部，使得集水室210中的吸水材料232可以吸收太阳的光辐射进而实现脱水再生。优选的，上述吸水材料232可以采用硅酸干凝胶。
为了便于导热管231将热量传导至吸水材料232且不易被腐蚀，上述导热管231采用铜管或铜合金管制成。
对应的，集水组件300包括设置于导热管231内的电加热件以及设置于冷却面板310位置较低一侧的蒸馏水收集槽320及排水管330。上述电加热件配置为电热丝，上述电热丝与外部市政电源或其它发电储能装置相连接，受控于控制件的控制而动作。如图1所示，冷却面板310的较低一侧设置有蒸馏水收集槽320，用以收集冷凝后沿冷却面板310滑落的水，收集后的水经排水管330排出。为了避免气流从排水管330溢出，上述排水管330处可设置排水开关阀，如浮球开关阀等，当蒸馏水收集槽320中的水达到设定量后自动导通排水管330，将水排出。
如图1所示，空气循环组件220包括循环气管221以及设置于循环气管221上的循环气泵222，循环气管221连通蒸发罐110及集水室210并构成一气流循环回路，上述循环气泵222与控制件控制连接。
如图1所示，上述循环气管221的进气端位于蒸发罐110的顶部位置，循环气管221的出气端设置于蒸发罐110底部位置，由此气流能够将蒸发罐110中的水蒸气带走至集水室210中。
在另一实施方式中，如图2所示，所述集水室210包括倾斜贯穿蒸发罐110设置的至少一根金属集水管240，上述金属集水管240由铜、铜合金或不锈钢制成。蒸发板120配置为多个且均一体设置于金属集水管240的外侧壁上，设置方式为绕集水管的轴向螺旋设置，各个蒸发板120均呈倾斜设置以使得气流能够均匀流经其表面。
所述蒸发板120与金属集水管240相对应，采用金属导热材料制成。
吸水件230包括与金属集水管240同轴设置的由吸水材料232包裹的导热管231， 导热管231内设置有电加热件。上述吸水材料232及导热管231、电加热件的设置于上一实施方式相同，在此不再赘述。
如图2所示，污水循环组件130包括循环水管131以及设置于循环水管131上的循环水泵132，循环水管131的一端与蒸发罐110的底部相连通，另一端伸入到蒸发罐110的内部且设置有多个喷水头133。循环水泵132与控制件控制连接，接收控制件输出的控制指令而动作，如改变污水循环速率等。
空气循环组件220包括循环气管221以及设置于循环气管221上的循环气泵222，循环气管221的一端与蒸发罐110的顶部相连通，另一端连通金属集水管240后穿回到蒸发罐110的底部构成一气流循环回路。上述循环气泵222与控制件控制连接，接收控制件输出的控制指令而动作，如改变气流循环速率等。
本实施方式中，所述集水组件300包括与金属集水管240位置较低一端相连通的蒸馏水收集槽320及排水管330，与上一实施方式相同，为了避免集水室210中的气体溢出到外部环境中，上述排水管330处可设置排水开关阀，如浮球开关阀等，当蒸馏水收集槽320中的水达到设定量后自动导通排水管330，将水排出。
相较于上一实施方式，本实施方式中，蒸发罐110中的水蒸气进入到集水金属管中，利用吸水材料232吸收气流中的水蒸气，而后经干燥的空气重新回到蒸发罐110中，有利于蒸发罐110中的污水进一步蒸发。上述方案集水室210与蒸发罐110叠加穿设设置，不仅能够进一步减小整个装置的体积，同时当电加热件在对吸水材料232进行加热时，其产生的热量一方面让吸水材料232中的水再次蒸发，吸水材料232获得再生，另一方面热量最终经金属集水管240传导到蒸发板120上，进一步加速了蒸发罐110中污水的蒸发，同时上述过程中金属集水管240也能够利用蒸发板120散失掉自身的热量，便于集水室210中水蒸气的冷凝回收，提升整个装置的污水处理效率。
由于整个系统较为密闭，为了确保集水室210中的水蒸气在冷凝时金属集水管240的内侧壁温度较低，本实施方式中，如图3所示，金属集水管240的管壁设置为双层结构，其内部形成一用于填充导热介质的导热腔241。上述导热介质可以采用水等导热流体。为了改变导热腔241的导热能力，导热腔241与一盛装有导热介质的导热容器242以及一辅助散热器243相连通。导热容器242与换热腔二者之间设置有用于将导热介质转移到导热腔241或将其从导热腔241中排出的转移泵244，上述转移泵244根据导热介质的不同可以设置为气泵或液泵，其与控制件控制连接，接收并响应于控制件的控制指令而动作。实际应用中，如图3所示，导热腔241与导热容器242之间构成一循环回 路，上述转移泵244可以配置为两个如蠕动泵，当需要将导热腔241中的导热介质转移时，开启对应流向的蠕动泵即可，为了保证导热腔241中导热介质的顺利抽取，导热腔241可以设置一与外部环境相连通的电控连通阀。
在一实施方式中，上述导热容器242为独立设置的罐体，其内部储存有用于导热的流体，在另一实施方式中，上述导热容器242可以直接采用前述蒸馏水水槽，即利用冷凝得到的蒸馏水作为导热空腔中的导热介质。上述辅助散热器243相连通则主要用于对导热容器242中的导热介质温度加以调节，进而改变整个系统中的热量，如系统中温度过高时，则利用上述辅助散热器243将导热介质的温度降低至设定值后注入到导热空腔中，此时，导热空腔中的热量或冷量经金属集水管240的外壁传导至蒸发板120，而后传导至蒸发罐110内部。在实践中，上述辅助散热器243可以采用自然冷却散热的方式，即采用毛细管以及循环泵，使得导热容器242中的导热介质与周围环境空气进行热交换；也可以采用主动冷却散热的方式，将辅助散热器243与控制件控制连接，如设置压缩机、散热风扇等结构实现，具体参见空调降温结构，在此不再赘述。
基于上述技术方案，当气流正常穿过集水室210时，导热腔241中不填充导热介质，水蒸气大部分被吸水材料232吸收；当吸水材料232吸水饱和后，向导热腔241中注入导热介质，此时蒸发罐110内部污水蒸发所产生的冷量传导到金属集水管240的内侧壁上，便于集水室210中水蒸气的冷凝，同时也将集水室210中的热量传导到蒸发罐110中的蒸发板120上，利于污水的蒸发。辅助散热器243则根据需要，将整个装置多余的热量释放到外部空间中，控制整个系统的温度。
为了控制集水室210的工作状态，即何时展开吸水材料232中水的回收动作，所述湿度检测件800如湿度传感器等，设置于集水室210的气流流出口处。当湿度检测件800采集到的空气湿度值位于设定范围内时，控制件开启空气循环组件220，吸水件230吸收气流中的水蒸气；当湿度检测件800采集到的空气湿度值超过设定范围后，即吸水材料232吸水饱和后不再吸水，气流中的湿度增加，此时控制件关断空气循环组件220并控制集水组件300开启排水动作，利用电加热件加热上述吸水材料232将其中的水排出。
在本申请实施方式中，上述控制件可以采用加载有设定程序的单片机控制模块或PLC控制模块实现，湿度传感器采集并输出湿度检测信号而后传输至控制件，控制件基于内置程序判定湿度检测信号所处的范围，并输出相应的控制信号。同时，上述控制件也基于内置程序输出各类控制信号控制各个功能组件，如污水循环组件130、空气循环 组件220的速率、流量等参数。
由于垃圾渗滤液中还有油性物质，在蒸发罐110内，为了减少气流中的小水滴裹挟油、渣进入到集水室210中，提升吸水材料232的使用寿命，优选的，在循环气管221位于蒸发罐110顶部位置一端设置有旋风分离室223结构，利用旋风分离室223的离心作用使得气流中混杂的细小污水颗粒被重新分离回到蒸发罐110中。
同时，为了减少小水滴的产生同时保证污水蒸发面积，蒸发板120设置为波纹板且蒸发板120的表面设置有亲水棉层121或亲水涂层。如图3所示，循环水管131伸入到蒸发罐110内的一段连接的喷水头133均位于各蒸发板120之间，在特定实施方式中，也可将上述喷水头133置于蒸发板120的上方。上述方案在将污水充分散开增大其与空气之间接触面积的同时，保证了污水接触到蒸发板120后不会反弹飞溅，由此减少蒸发罐110顶部区域水雾的产生，降低小水滴裹挟污染物进入集水室210的概率。
当集水室210中的吸水材料232吸水饱和时，为了阻断气流循环回路，确保吸水材料232蒸发的水蒸气不会回到蒸发罐110中，进一步优化的，循环气管221上设置有用于控制蒸发罐110与集水室210连通状态的电动阀2210，电动阀2210可以采用电动蝶阀，其与控制件控制连接。
由于垃圾渗滤液中污染物组分很高，为保证污水处理的效果，循环气管221上设置有与外部环境相连通的换气阀2211，换气阀2211与控制件控制连接。如图2所示，上述循环气管221伸入到蒸发罐110底部的一段设置为主进气管2213与副进气管2214，主进气管2213与副进气管2214之间设置有选通阀2215，选通阀2215与控制件控制连接。
主进气管2213靠近蒸发罐110底壁设置且出气口处设置有多个曝气盘2216；副进气管2214位于蒸发板120与蒸发罐110底壁之间，且连通设置有多个气流喷嘴2217。利用上述方案，可以采用主进气管2213为位于蒸发罐110底部位置的污水进行曝气处理。
蒸发罐110内设置有用于测定蒸发罐110罐体内部气流及污水温度的温度传感器，温度传感器与控制件信号连接，控制件接收并响应于温度传感器输出的温度检测信号，控制上述选通阀2215和/或换气阀2211的选通状态。当气流或污水温度过高时，此时不利于污水中好氧微生物的存活繁殖，此时利用选通阀2215选通副进气管2214不再曝气，或者打开换气阀2211，引入新的温度较低且含氧量较高的空气进入到蒸发罐110内，此时选通主进气管2213，为污水曝气提升含氧量的同时控制污水的温度。在特定 实施方式中，可在蒸发罐110中设置氧含量检测装置并将检测信号输出至控制件，控制件根据蒸发罐110中氧浓度控制上述换气阀2211的动作。
基于上述技术方案，可以利用换气阀2211吸收外部环境中的空气，调整蒸发罐110中的气流温度及含氧量；当温度处于适宜区间时，控制件选通主进气管2213进而使得循环流动的空气中的氧能够进一步溶解到蒸发罐110底部的污水中，进一步对蒸发罐110中待处理的污水加以生物法处理，减少污水中油脂等污染组分的量，提升污水处理的效果。
由于垃圾渗滤液的污染组分含量很高，通过传统的生物处理法需要占地面积很大的污水处理设备，上述污水处理装置，针对于垃圾中转站设计，利用蒸发罐110将污水中的水分子从污水中拿出来而非传统地将污水中的污染组分拿出来，能够减小整个污水处理装置的占地面积，同时可以充分满足垃圾中转站日均污水处理需求。
基于上述垃圾中转站污水处理装置，本申请还提出了一种垃圾中转站污水处理系统，如图4所示，包括系统控制器、集水池400、序批式气浮设备500、生物滤池过滤设备600以及如前的垃圾中转站污水处理装置。
集水池400通过一管道与垃圾中转站的垃圾压缩设备底部水槽相连通，用于收集垃圾渗滤液。序批式气浮设备500与集水池400经一输水管相连通，内部设置有曝气装置，用于对收集的垃圾渗滤液进行曝气处理。其中，输水管道上设置有与系统控制器信号连接的输水泵，集水池400内设置有液位检测装置，如浮球液位传感器，当其检测到集水池400中的污水高度达到设定值后，输出控制信号至系统控制器，系统控制器控制输水泵动作，将集水池400中的污水抽送到序批式气浮设备500中，在具体实践中，上述输水泵也可以定时或根据序批式气浮设备500中的液位高度抽取集水池400中的污水输出至序批式气浮设备500中。
序批式气浮设备500可采用现有技术中已有的技术实现，其主要包括曝气组件以及液位检测及进水出水组件，当设备中的液位达到设定高度后曝气，待达到设定时间后将处理后的污水输出，而后获取下一批次的污水加以处理。
生物滤池过滤设备600与序批式气浮设备500相连通，二者之间设置有输水控制阀，生物滤池过滤设备600内部设置有生物填料板，所述生物填料板上设置有供微生物生长附着的填料，用于对垃圾渗滤液进行生物过滤处理。生物滤池过滤在现有技术中已有公开，在此不再赘述。
生物滤池过滤设备600经一输出管与蒸发罐110的进水口111相连通，过滤后的污 水进入到如前所述的垃圾中转站污水处理装置中进行水分的蒸发。
在处理过程中可能会产生大量的恶臭气体，为了避免上述气体溢出到外部环境中，垃圾中转站污水处理装置的循环气管221上外接有排气管224及排气泵225，排气泵225与系统控制器控制连接，排气管224的出气端连通设置有一生物滤池除臭设备700。经分离得到的清水可由一清水池收集，供垃圾中转站正常使用。
上述技术方案中，由垃圾压缩产生的少量垃圾渗滤液流到集水池400中，而后经序批式气浮设备500曝气处理，降低污水中好氧有机污染物的浓度，而后利用生物填料法将污水中的杂质等进一步过滤处理，最终含有少量颗粒物杂质的污水被注入到蒸发罐110中，利用前述污水处理装置将污水中的水分分离出来，完成污水的处理。
本系统中的电源可由设置于垃圾中转站顶部的太阳能电池板及其储能组件提供，以降低整个垃圾处理装置及系统的耗能。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例，凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理前提下的若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种垃圾中转站污水处理装置，其特征在于，包括：蒸发单元(100)，包括蒸发罐(110)、设置于蒸发罐(110)中的蒸发板(120)、以及用于将蒸发罐(110)中的污水自蒸发罐(110)底部泵送到顶部并经所述蒸发板(120)流回到蒸发罐(110)底部的污水循环组件(130)；
    集水单元(200)，包括集水室(210)、用于将蒸发罐(110)中空气泵送到集水室(210)而后流回到蒸发罐(110)中的空气循环组件(220)、设置于集水室(210)中用于吸附气流中水蒸气的吸水件(230)、以及当吸水件(230)吸水饱和后将水从吸水件(230)中排出并收集的集水组件(300)；
    控制单元，包括用于监测自集水室(210)中流出空气湿度的湿度检测件(800)、以及用于控制各功能组件动作的控制件；
    所述控制件与所述湿度检测件(800)以及空气循环组件(220)、集水组件(300)控制连接，
    当所述湿度检测件(800)采集到的空气湿度值位于设定范围内，所述控制件开启所述空气循环组件(220)，所述吸水件(230)吸收气流中的水蒸气；
    当所述湿度检测件(800)采集到的空气湿度值超过设定范围后，所述控制件关断所述空气循环组件(220)并控制所述集水组件(300)开启排水动作；
    其中，所述蒸发板(120)设置为多个且呈倾斜状或竖直状设置于所述蒸发罐(110)内；
    所述污水循环组件(130)包括循环水管(131)以及设置于循环水管(131)上的循环水泵(132)，所述循环水管(131)的两端分别与蒸发罐(110)的底部和顶部相连通；
    所述蒸发罐(110)的底部设置有与外部进水管相连通的进水口(111)，所述蒸发罐(110)内设置有多个与所述循环水管(131)伸入到蒸发罐(110)顶部一段相连通的喷水头(133)；
    所述循环水泵(132)与所述控制件控制连接；
    所述集水室(210)的顶部倾斜设置有用于冷却空气中水蒸气的冷却面板(310)；
    所述吸水件(230)包括设置于集水室(210)中的多根由吸水材料(232)包裹的导热管(231)；
    所述集水组件(300)包括设置于所述导热管(231)内的电加热件以及设置于所述冷却面板(310)位置较低一侧的蒸馏水收集槽(320)及排水管(330)；
    所述空气循环组件(220)包括循环气管(221)以及设置于循环气管(221)上的循环气 泵(222)，所述循环气管(221)连通所述蒸发罐(110)及集水室(210)并构成一气流循环回路；
    其中，所述电加热件及循环气泵(222)均与所述控制件控制连接；或
    所述集水室(210)包括倾斜贯穿所述蒸发罐(110)设置的金属集水管(240)，所述蒸发板(120)配置为多个且均设置于所述金属集水管(240)的外侧壁上；
    所述吸水件(230)包括与所述金属集水管(240)同轴设置的由吸水材料(232)包裹的导热管(231)，所述导热管(231)内设置有电加热件；
    所述污水循环组件(130)包括循环水管(131)以及设置于循环水管(131)上的循环水泵(132)，所述循环水管(131)的一端与所述蒸发罐(110)的底部相连通，另一端伸入到蒸发罐(110)的内部且设置有多个喷水头(133)；
    所述空气循环组件(220)包括循环气管(221)以及设置于所述循环气管(221)上的循环气泵(222)，所述循环气管(221)的一端与所述蒸发罐(110)的顶部相连通，另一端连通所述金属集水管(240)后穿回到所述蒸发罐(110)的底部构成一气流循环回路；
    所述集水组件(300)包括与所述金属集水管(240)位置较低一端相连通的蒸馏水收集槽(320)及排水管(330)；
    其中，所述循环水泵(132)、循环气泵(222)以及电加热件均与所述控制件控制连接；
    所述金属集水管(240)的管壁设置为双层结构，其内部形成一用于填充导热介质的导热腔(241)；
    所述导热腔(241)与一盛装有导热介质的导热容器(242)以及一辅助散热器(243)相连通，导热容器(242)与换热腔二者之间设置有用于将导热介质转移到导热腔(241)或将其从导热腔(241)中排出的转移泵(244)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的垃圾中转站污水处理装置，其特征在于，所述循环气管(221)位于所述蒸发罐(110)顶部位置一端设置有旋风分离室(223)结构。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的垃圾中转站污水处理装置，其特征在于，所述蒸发板(120)设置为波纹板且所述蒸发板(120)的表面设置有亲水棉层(121)或亲水涂层；
    所述循环水管(131)伸入到蒸发罐(110)内的一段连接的喷水头(133)均位于所述蒸发板(120)上方或位于各蒸发板(120)之间。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的垃圾中转站污水处理装置，其特征在于，所述循环气管(221)上设置有用于控制蒸发罐(110)与集水室(210)连通状态的电动阀(2210)，所述电动阀(2210)与所述控制件控制连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的垃圾中转站污水处理装置，其特征在于，所述循环气管(221)上设置有与外部环境相连通的换气阀(2211)，所述换气阀(2211)与所述控制件控制连接；
    所述循环气管(221)伸入到蒸发罐(110)底部的一段设置为主进气管(2213)与副进气管(2214)，所述主进气管(2213)与副进气管(2214)之间设置有选通阀(2215)，所述选通阀(2215)与所述控制件控制连接；
    所述主进气管(2213)靠近所述蒸发罐(110)底壁设置且出气口处设置有多个曝气盘(2216)；所述副进气管(2214)位于所述蒸发板(120)与所述蒸发罐(110)底壁之间，且连通设置有多个气流喷嘴(2217)；
    所述蒸发罐(110)内设置有用于测定蒸发罐(110)罐体内部气流及污水温度的温度传感器，所述温度传感器与所述控制件信号连接，所述控制件接收并响应于所述温度传感器输出的温度检测信号，控制上述选通阀(2215)和/或换气阀(2211)的选通状态。
  6. 一种垃圾中转站污水处理系统，其特征在于，包括：
    系统控制器；
    集水池(400)，其通过一管道与垃圾中转站的垃圾压缩设备底部水槽相连通，用于收集垃圾渗滤液；
    序批式气浮设备(500)，与所述集水池(400)经一输水管相连通，内部设置有曝气装置，用于对收集的垃圾渗滤液进行曝气处理；
    生物滤池过滤设备(600)，与所述序批式气浮设备(500)相连通，内部设置有生物填料板，用于对垃圾渗滤液进行生物过滤处理；以及如权利要求1-5任一所述的垃圾中转站污水处理装置，所述蒸发罐(110)的底部与所述生物滤池过滤设备(600)相连通，经所述生物滤池过滤设备(600)过滤后的污水进入到蒸发罐(110)中经蒸发分离处理。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的垃圾中转站污水处理系统，其特征在于，所述垃圾中转站污水处理装置的循环气管(221)上外接有排气管(224)及排气泵(225)，所述排气泵(225)与所述控制件控制连接；
    所述排气管(224)连通设置有一生物滤池除臭设备(700)。
PCT/CN2023/103167 2022-07-26 2023-06-28 垃圾中转站污水处理装置及系统 WO2024021970A1 (zh)

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