WO2024021560A1 - 热冲压成型零件的制备装置及方法 - Google Patents

热冲压成型零件的制备装置及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024021560A1
WO2024021560A1 PCT/CN2023/074748 CN2023074748W WO2024021560A1 WO 2024021560 A1 WO2024021560 A1 WO 2024021560A1 CN 2023074748 W CN2023074748 W CN 2023074748W WO 2024021560 A1 WO2024021560 A1 WO 2024021560A1
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Prior art keywords
chamber
heating
furnace door
discharging
heating chamber
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PCT/CN2023/074748
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
安健
陈汉杰
王波
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苏州普热斯勒先进成型技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2024021560A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024021560A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of hot stamping, specifically a device and method for preparing hot stamping formed parts.
  • the most widely used aluminum-silicon coated plate is the aluminum-silicon coated plate, which can effectively prevent the oxidation problem of the blank during the austenitizing heating process. Therefore, the atmosphere in the currently commonly used heating furnace does not need to control the oxygen potential, but only controls the water vapor content by controlling the gas dew point.
  • the aluminum-silicon coating easily reacts with the remaining water vapor in the hot air to generate hydrogen, resulting in hydrogen-induced delayed fracture.
  • Hydrogen-induced delayed fracture also known as hydrogen embrittlement, is a phenomenon in which hydrogen atoms dissolve in metal materials, causing performance weakening or embrittlement.
  • the dew point in the austenitizing furnace is generally required to be controlled at -15°C ⁇ -20°C, which hinders the production of water vapor in the heating furnace to avoid the reduction reaction between water vapor and iron, aluminum, silicon and other surface elements to generate hydrogen.
  • the roller hearth heating furnaces and box-type heating furnaces commonly used in mass production do not have multiple airtight cavities. When the billet enters and exits the heating furnace, external air containing a large amount of water vapor enters the heating furnace cavity, causing the The dew point atmosphere in the furnace is difficult to control.
  • the billet stays in the heating furnace for a long time, which will cause a large amount of hydrogen atoms to be absorbed into the aluminum-silicon coating, thereby causing the risk of hydrogen embrittlement.
  • dry air is introduced into the austenitizing heating furnace to control the water vapor in the heating furnace, which can only alleviate the hydrogen absorption problem of the aluminum-silicon coating during the heating process.
  • the steel plates enter the molten aluminum liquid, and there is also a large amount of hydrogen absorption in the aluminum liquid.
  • dry high-purity nitrogen is introduced into the aluminum liquid to remove hydrogen, but there will always be hydrogen in the aluminum liquid.
  • the risk of hydrogen-induced delayed fracture is greater and more serious.
  • the problem of hydrogen embrittlement severely limits the application of aluminum-silicon coating materials for ultra-high-strength steel above 1800MPa.
  • the elongation rate needs to be greater than 5%, while for coated steel plates of 1800Mpa grade and above, the elongation rate is only about 4%, and the bending angle is between 35-40 degrees. This lack of toughness causes the coated plate above 1800Mpa to be brittle during the collision, seriously affecting the application of the coated plate above 1800Mpa.
  • the first purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for preparing large quantities of hot stamping formed parts;
  • the second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing large quantities of hot stamped parts;
  • the third object of the present invention is to provide hot stamped parts with aluminum-silicon coating prepared by the method.
  • the present invention provides a device for preparing large quantities of hot stamping formed parts, which device includes:
  • Heating furnace unit and hot stamping unit are Heating furnace unit and hot stamping unit
  • the heating furnace unit has multiple independent air-tight chambers, including a feeding chamber, a heating chamber and a discharging chamber that are connected in sequence; the hot stamping unit includes a stamping machine;
  • the discharging chamber is connected with the punching machine.
  • the entrance of the feed chamber has an air-tight feed furnace door; and an air-tight furnace door is provided between the outlet of the feed chamber and the entrance of the heating chamber.
  • the first isolation furnace door is provided between the outlet of the feed chamber and the entrance of the heating chamber.
  • the outlet of the discharging chamber has an airtight discharging furnace door; and an airtight door is provided between the inlet of the discharging chamber and the outlet of the heating chamber. Second isolation furnace door.
  • the heating chamber is selected from a vacuum chamber or an atmosphere chamber.
  • the heating chamber is a vacuum chamber
  • the vacuum degree in the heating chamber is 1 to 10000 Pa, preferably 100 to 1000 Pa
  • the temperature in the chamber is 880 to 1000°C, preferably The temperature is 930°C; the heating chamber is used to heat multiple groups of blanks at the same time.
  • the heating chamber is an atmosphere chamber
  • the atmosphere in the heating chamber is dry air or other dry gases, and the dry air or other dry gases have a water vapor content of less than 1000 ppm. (volume fraction), preferably 100 ppm (volume fraction);
  • the air pressure in the chamber is outdoor atmospheric pressure, and the temperature in the chamber is 880-1000°C, preferably 930°C; the heating chamber is used to heat multiple groups of blanks at the same time .
  • the temperature of the discharging chamber is 400-800°C, preferably 600-700°C.
  • a feeding platform is provided upstream of the feeding chamber; and a discharging platform is provided downstream of the discharging chamber.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing large quantities of hot stamping formed parts.
  • the method is prepared using the above-mentioned device and includes the following steps:
  • the billet is sent to an airtight heating chamber for austenitization and heating to obtain a hot billet;
  • the hot billet is sent to the air-tight discharging chamber
  • the blank conveyed through the discharging chamber is transferred to the stamping machine for hot stamping.
  • the billet is sent into the feeding chamber through the feeding furnace door; the billet in the feeding chamber is sent to the heating chamber through the first isolation furnace door; the heating chamber The hot billet in the discharge chamber is sent to the discharging chamber through the second isolation furnace door; the billet in the discharging chamber is sent to the stamping press through the discharging furnace door.
  • the blank includes an aluminum-silicon coated blank.
  • the heating chamber is a vacuum chamber
  • the feeding chamber is evacuated to a vacuum degree higher than 10000 Pa, preferably 100 ⁇ 1000Pa;
  • the first isolation furnace door between the feed chamber and the heating chamber is then opened, and the billet is sent into the heating chamber for austenitization. Heating, and then closing the first isolation furnace door between the feed chamber and the heating chamber.
  • the heating chamber is a vacuum chamber
  • the discharge chamber is evacuated to a vacuum degree higher than 10,000 Pa, preferably 100 to 1,000 Pa. ;
  • the second isolation furnace door between the discharging chamber and the heating chamber is then opened, the blank is sent into the discharging chamber, and then the discharging chamber is closed. a second isolation furnace door between the chamber and the heating chamber;
  • the heating chamber is a dry atmosphere chamber
  • the feeding chamber is evacuated to a vacuum degree higher than 10000 Pa, preferably 100 ⁇ 1000Pa; then dry air or other dry gas is introduced into the feed chamber, and the water vapor content of the dry air or other dry gas is less than 1000 ppm, preferably 100 ppm;
  • the first isolation furnace door between the feeding chamber and the heating chamber is then opened, and the billet is sent into the heating chamber for austenitizing heating. Then close the first isolation furnace door between the feed chamber and the heating chamber.
  • the heating chamber is a vacuum chamber
  • the discharge chamber is evacuated to a vacuum degree higher than 10,000 Pa, preferably 100 to 1,000 Pa. ;
  • dry air or other dry gases are introduced into the discharging chamber, and the water vapor content of the dry air or other dry gases is less than 1000ppm, preferably 100ppm;
  • the second isolation furnace door between the discharging chamber and the heating chamber is then opened, the blank is sent into the discharging chamber, and then the discharging chamber is closed. a second isolating furnace door from the heating chamber;
  • the method of hot stamping forming in a stamping machine includes laser tailor welding of the discharged blank.
  • the temperature of the blank for hot stamping in the stamping machine is controlled to a heating rate of less than 7°C/s in the range of 500 to 700°C.
  • the present invention also provides an aluminum-silicon coated hot stamping part, which is prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.
  • the tensile strength of the hot stamped parts is ⁇ 1500MPa.
  • the production cycle of the hot stamped parts is between 20 and 40 seconds.
  • the present invention uses a heating furnace with an airtight chamber and extracts the gas in the chamber to achieve a vacuum degree of more than 10,000 Pa. Make the water vapor content in the heating furnace less than 1000ppm, and the corresponding dew point value of 1000ppm is approximately -15°C.
  • two heating methods can be used. One is to exhaust the air in the heating furnace with an independent chamber, and then introduce dry air with a lower dew point value, so that the air pressure inside and outside the furnace remains consistent. The other is to heat the airtight chamber while maintaining a certain degree of vacuum, that is, use vacuum heating.
  • vacuum heating is beneficial to the diffusion of hydrogen in the raw material into the vacuum, which is beneficial to the reduction of hydrogen content in the raw material.
  • the discharging chamber has a certain furnace temperature, which is also one of the innovative points of the present invention. This is because the billet needs to be quickly transferred to the press for compression forming after austenitic heating. If the transmission time exceeds 12 seconds, the martensite content in the product after hot press quenching will be insufficient and the mechanical properties of the product will be unqualified.
  • the discharging chamber When the billet comes out of the heating chamber and passes through the discharging chamber, there will be a waiting time in the discharging chamber, waiting for the outer furnace door of the discharging chamber to open. This results in a long time for the blank to arrive at the press, affecting the mechanical properties of the product.
  • the inventor's research found that if the discharge chamber maintains a certain temperature, the blank will maintain a sufficient temperature while waiting in the discharge chamber, and the mechanical properties of the product will be qualified after being transferred to the press for compression.
  • the discharging chamber also needs to be evacuated, the gas temperature is much lower than that of the heating chamber and has no adverse effect on the vacuuming equipment.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for preparing large quantities of hot stamping molded parts according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a diagram showing the results of a spot welding test of the hot stamped parts prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a diagram showing experimental results of structural adhesive testing of the hot stamped parts prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram showing the experimental results of the electrophoretic coating test on the hot stamped parts prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a device for preparing large quantities of hot stamping forming parts. As shown in Figure 1, the device includes:
  • Heating furnace unit and hot stamping unit the heating furnace unit has multiple independent air-tight chambers, including a feeding chamber 4, a heating chamber 6 and a discharging chamber 8 that are connected in sequence; the hot stamping unit The unit includes a punching machine 11; the discharging chamber 8 is connected with the punching machine 11.
  • the entrance of the feed chamber 4 has an air-tight feed furnace door 3; an air-tight first furnace door 3 is disposed between the outlet of the feed chamber 4 and the entrance of the heating chamber 6. Isolate oven door 5.
  • the outlet of the discharging chamber 8 has an airtight discharging furnace door 9; an airtight second door 9 is disposed between the entrance of the discharging chamber 8 and the outlet of the heating chamber 6. Isolating oven door 7.
  • the heating chamber 6 is selected from a vacuum chamber or an atmosphere chamber.
  • the heating chamber 6 when the heating chamber 6 is a vacuum chamber, the vacuum degree in the heating chamber 6 is 1 to 10000 Pa, preferably 100 to 1000 Pa, and the temperature in the chamber is 880 to 1000°C, preferably 930°C; heating chamber 6 is used to heat multiple groups of blanks at the same time.
  • the atmosphere in the heating chamber 6 is dry air or other dry gases, and the dry air or other dry gases have a water vapor content of less than 1000 ppm (volume). fraction), preferably 100 ppm (volume fraction); the air pressure in the chamber is outdoor atmospheric pressure, and the temperature in the chamber is 880-1000°C, preferably 930°C; the heating chamber 6 is used to heat multiple groups of blanks at the same time.
  • the temperature of the discharging chamber 8 is 400-800°C, preferably 650°C.
  • a feeding platform 2 is provided upstream of the feeding chamber 4; a discharging platform 10 is provided downstream of the discharging chamber 8.
  • This embodiment also provides a method for preparing large quantities of hot stamping formed parts, which method uses the above device.
  • Line preparation includes the following steps:
  • the billet is sent to the air-tight heating chamber 6 for austenitization and heating to obtain a hot billet;
  • the hot blank is sent to the air-tight discharging chamber 8;
  • the blank transported through the discharging chamber 8 is transferred to the stamping machine 11 for hot stamping forming.
  • the billet 1 is sent into the feeding chamber 4 through the feeding furnace door 3; the billet in the feeding chamber 4 is sent to the heating chamber 6 through the first isolation furnace door 5; the heating chamber 6 The hot billet is sent to the discharging chamber 8 through the second isolation furnace door 7; the billet in the discharging chamber 8 is sent to the stamping press 11 through the discharging furnace door 9.
  • the blank 1 is selected from aluminum-silicon coated blanks.
  • the heating chamber 6 is a vacuum chamber
  • the feeding chamber 4 is evacuated to a vacuum degree higher than 10000 Pa, preferably is 100 ⁇ 1000Pa;
  • the first isolation furnace door 5 between the feed chamber 4 and the heating chamber 6 is then opened, and the blank is sent into the heating chamber. Austenitizing heating is performed in 6, and then the first isolation furnace door 5 between the feed chamber 4 and the heating chamber 6 is closed.
  • the discharging chamber 8 is evacuated to a vacuum degree higher than 10000 Pa, preferably 100 to 1000 Pa. ;
  • the second isolation furnace door 7 between the discharging chamber 8 and the heating chamber 6 is opened, and the blank is sent into the discharging chamber. Chamber 8, then close the second isolation furnace door 7 between the discharge chamber 8 and the heating chamber 6;
  • the heating chamber 6 is a dry atmosphere chamber
  • the feeding chamber 4 is evacuated to a vacuum level higher than 10000 Pa.
  • it is 100-1000Pa; then dry air or other dry gases are introduced into the feed chamber 4, and the water vapor content of the dry air or other dry gases is less than 1000ppm, preferably 100ppm;
  • the first isolation furnace door 5 between the feed chamber 4 and the heating chamber 6 is then opened, and the billet is sent into the heating chamber 6 Austenitizing heating is performed, and then the first isolation furnace door 5 between the feed chamber 4 and the heating chamber 6 is closed.
  • the discharging chamber 8 when the heating chamber 6 is a vacuum chamber, before the billet is ready to be discharged from the furnace after heat treatment in the heating chamber 6, the discharging chamber 8 is evacuated to a vacuum degree higher than 10000 Pa, preferably 100 to 1000 Pa. ; then to Dry air or other dry gases are introduced into the discharging chamber 8, and the water vapor content of the dry air or other dry gases is less than 1000ppm, preferably 100ppm;
  • the second isolation furnace door 7 between the discharging chamber 8 and the heating chamber 6 is opened, and the blank is sent into the discharging chamber 8 , then close the second isolation furnace door 7 between the discharging chamber 8 and the heating chamber 6;
  • the method of hot stamping forming in the stamping machine 11 includes laser tailor welding of the discharged blank.
  • the temperature of the blank for hot stamping in the stamping machine 11 is controlled to a heating rate of less than 7°C/s in the range of 500 to 700°C.
  • This embodiment also provides an aluminum-silicon coated hot stamping part, which is prepared using the above preparation method.
  • the tensile strength of the hot stamping part is ⁇ 1500MPa.
  • the production cycle of the hot stamping parts is between 20 and 40 seconds.
  • a 1.8mm hot stamped blank plate with a tensile strength of 1800MPa, an aluminum-silicon coated plate is fed into a vacuum furnace with three airtight chambers.
  • the three chambers are feed chamber 4, and heated Chamber 6, discharge chamber 8.
  • the vacuum degree of the vacuum furnace heating chamber is 10Pa.
  • the process is as follows: before the billet enters the feed chamber 4, the feed chamber 4 is filled with air to reach the outdoor air pressure, the feed furnace door 3 is opened, the billet is fed in, and the feed furnace door 3 is closed.
  • the feed chamber 4 begins to extract air and reaches a vacuum degree of 10 to 100 Pa.
  • the air-tight first isolation furnace door 5 between the feed chamber 4 and the heating chamber 6 is opened, and the billet is sent into the heating chamber 6 Apply heat.
  • the billet is ready to be sent into the discharging chamber 8.
  • the discharging chamber 8 Before the airtight second isolation furnace door 7 between the heating chamber 6 and the discharging chamber 8 is opened, the discharging chamber 8 must first be evacuated so that the vacuum degree reaches 10 to 100 Pa. Then the second isolation furnace door 7 is opened, and the blank is sent into the discharging chamber 8 . Then the second isolation furnace door 7 is closed. Before the discharge furnace door 9 is opened, the discharge chamber 8 is filled with dry air or other dry gas with a dew point of -45°C and reaches the outdoor air pressure, and then the discharge furnace door 9 is opened. The furnace temperature is 930 degrees and the heating time is 300 seconds. The blank is sent out of the furnace door and sent to the 11th stamping machine for stamping and forming.
  • a 1.8mm hot stamped blank plate with a tensile strength of 1800MPa, an aluminum-silicon coated plate is fed into a vacuum furnace with three airtight chambers.
  • the three chambers are feed chamber 4, and heated Chamber 6, discharge chamber 8. in The vacuum degree of the vacuum furnace heating chamber is 10Pa.
  • the process is as follows: before the billet enters the feed chamber 4, the feed chamber 4 is filled with air to reach the outdoor air pressure, the feed furnace door 3 is opened, the billet is fed in, and the feed furnace door 3 is closed. The feed chamber 4 begins to extract air and reaches a vacuum degree of 10 to 100 Pa. Then the air-tight first isolation furnace door 5 between the feed chamber 4 and the heating chamber 6 is opened, and the billet is sent into the heating chamber 6 Apply heat.
  • the billet is ready to be sent into the discharging chamber 8.
  • the discharging chamber 8 Before the airtight second isolation furnace door 7 between the heating chamber 6 and the discharging chamber 8 is opened, the discharging chamber 8 must first be evacuated so that the vacuum degree reaches 10 to 100 Pa. Then the second isolation furnace door 7 is opened, and the blank is sent into the discharging chamber 8 . Then the second isolation furnace door 7 is closed. Before the discharge furnace door 9 is opened, the discharge chamber 8 is filled with dry air or other dry gas with a dew point of -45°C and reaches the outdoor air pressure, and then the discharge furnace door 9 is opened. The furnace temperature is 930 degrees and the heating time is 600 seconds. The blank is sent out of the furnace door and sent to the 11th stamping machine for stamping and forming.
  • a 1.8mm hot stamped blank sheet with a tensile strength of 1800Mpa, an aluminum-silicon coated sheet is fed into an atmosphere furnace with three airtight chambers.
  • the three chambers are feed chamber 4, and heated Chamber 6, discharge chamber 8.
  • the atmosphere dew point of the atmosphere furnace heating chamber 6 is -45°C, and the air pressure is one atmosphere.
  • the process is as follows: before the billet enters the feed chamber 4, the feed chamber 4 is filled with air to reach the outdoor air pressure, the feed furnace door 3 is opened, the billet is fed in, the feed furnace door 3 is closed, and the feed chamber 4 draws out the air And reach a vacuum degree of 10-100Pa, and then fill the feed chamber 4 with dry air with a dew point of -45°C to reach the pressure of the heating chamber 6, which is one atmosphere. Then the airtight first isolation furnace door 5 between the feed chamber 4 and the heating chamber 6 is opened, and the billet is sent into the heating chamber 6 for heating. After the austenitizing heating is completed, the billet is ready to be sent into the discharging chamber 8.
  • the discharging chamber 8 Before the airtight second isolation furnace door 7 between the heating chamber 6 and the discharging chamber 8 is opened, the discharging chamber 8 must first be evacuated so that the vacuum degree reaches 10 ⁇ 100Pa and the dew point is -45 The dry air at °C reaches 6 air pressure in the heating chamber, which is one atmosphere. Then the second isolation furnace door 7 is opened, the blank is sent into the discharging chamber 8, and then the second isolation furnace door 7 is closed. The furnace temperature is 930 degrees and the heating time is 300 seconds. Then open the discharge furnace door 9, and the blank is sent out of the furnace door and sent to the stamping machine 11 for stamping and forming.
  • stamping is performed on the stamping machine table.
  • stamping is performed on the stamping machine table.
  • stamping is performed on the stamping machine table.
  • Example 1 The parts prepared in Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4 were sprayed with salt spray for 10 minutes every 4 hours under neutral salt spray. The results are shown in Table 2. Show.
  • Example 1 The parts prepared in Example 1 were subjected to an electrophoretic coating test. The results are shown in Figure 4. It can be seen that the coating properties are OK.
  • the present invention uses specific embodiments to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention.
  • the description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, based on this
  • the idea of the invention will be subject to change in the specific implementation and application scope. In summary, the contents of this description should not be understood as limiting the invention.

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Abstract

一种热冲压成型零件的制备装置，包括加热炉单元和热冲压单元；加热炉单元具有多个独立的气密性腔室，包括依次相连通的进料腔室(4)、加热腔室(6)和出料腔室(8)；热冲压单元包括冲压机(11)；出料腔室(8)与冲压机(11)相连通。一种热冲压成型零件的制备方法。以及一种硅铝镀层的热冲压零件。利用该装置对坯料(1)，尤其是铝硅涂层坯料进行气密性的热处理和冲压机热冲压成型，生产得到的高强度铝硅镀层零件，其氢含量明显少于传统气氛炉生产的高强度铝硅镀层零件的氢含量，氢脆风险较小，特别适用于强度≥1500MPa级别的热成型铝硅镀层件。

Description

热冲压成型零件的制备装置及方法
交叉参考相关引用
本申请要求2022年12月7日提交的申请号为2022115604719、名称为“热冲压成型零件的制备装置及方法”的中国专利申请以及2022年7月28日提交的申请号为2022108965356、名称为“热冲压成型零件的制备装置及方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，上述申请参考并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及了热冲压领域，具体的是一种热冲压成型零件的制备装置及方法。
背景技术
目前在热冲压行业中，用应最广泛的是铝硅涂层板，铝硅涂层板可以有效的防止坯料在奥氏体化加热过程中的氧化问题。因此目前常用的加热炉炉内气氛不需做氧势的控制，而只是通过控制气体露点做水汽含量的控制。但是铝硅涂层在普通气氛炉内进行连续大批量生产的加热过程中容易与热空气中残留的水汽发生反应，生成氢，导致氢致延迟断裂。氢致延迟断裂，又称氢脆，它是由于氢原子溶解于金属材料中造成性能弱化或脆化的现象。氢会加速金属内部的裂纹扩展，造成金属断裂面的特征由延性转变为脆性。目前在实际生产中奥氏体化炉中的露点一般要求控制在-15℃～-20℃，阻碍加热炉中水汽生产，以避免水汽与铁、铝、硅等表面元素发生还原反应生成氢。但是实际大批量生产中常用的辊底式加热炉和箱式加热炉，由于不具备多个气密性腔体，当坯料进出加热炉时，含有大量水汽的外界空气进入加热炉腔体，使得炉内露点气氛难以控制。还有因为设备故障坯料在加热炉内长时间停留，这些都会使得铝硅涂层内部吸入大量的氢原子，从而引发氢脆风险的发生。另外目前在奥氏体化加热炉内通入干燥空气来控制加热炉内的水汽，只能减缓在加热过程中的铝硅涂层的吸氢问题。而在铝硅涂层板的制造过程中，钢板进入熔融铝液内，铝液内也存在大量吸氢，通常是在铝液内通入干燥高纯氮气进行除氢，但是铝液里始终会存在一部分氢，而这部分氢在奥氏体化炉内通过控制露点，是无法去除的。虽然真空加热在热处理行业普遍应用，但是由于常用真空加热设备只适用 于小件，并且加热周期以小时计，无法满足汽车车身部件的大尺寸，和高节拍(几十秒)的要求。因此铝硅涂层钢板的热成形加热一直以来都是以非气密性的连续辊底式和箱式炉来实现的。
随着油耗法规的不断提升，汽车轻量化的需求日趋急迫，越来越多的轻量化材料应用于各类汽车零部件。近年来，热成形钢板(Press Harden Steel，PHS)由于强度超高、成形性好、尺寸精度高等优势，得到众多整车厂青睐，被大量应用于汽车结构件。目前抗拉强度在1500MPa的PHS已大规模应用，而1800MPa以上的PHS也有一些钢厂可量产。但是强度越高，其氢脆风险越大。1500MPa的钢已存在氢致延迟断裂风险，对于1800MPa，甚至2000MPa钢来说，氢致延迟断裂风险更大，更严重。氢脆问题严重限制了1800MPa以上超高强度钢铝硅涂层材料的应用。而且对于1500Mpa级别的涂层钢板，其延伸率需要大于5％，而1800Mpa以上级别的涂层钢板，其延伸率只有4％左右，弯曲角度在35-40度之间。这个韧性不足导致1800Mpa以上的涂层板在碰撞过程中发生脆裂，严重影响这个1800Mpa以上涂层板的应用。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中的缺陷，解决1800Mpa以上涂层板氢脆问题和提高1800Mpa涂层钢板的韧性问题，本发明的第一目的在于提供一种制备大批量热冲压成型零件的装置；本发明的第二目的在于提供一种大批量热冲压成型零件的制备方法；本发明的第三目的在于提供采用该方法制备获得的铝硅镀层的热冲压零件。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案得以实现：
一方面，本发明提供一种制备大批量热冲压成型零件的装置，该装置包括：
加热炉单元和热冲压单元；
所述加热炉单元具有多个独立的气密性腔室，包括依次相连通的进料腔室、加热腔室和出料腔室；所述热冲压单元包括冲压机；
所述出料腔室与所述冲压机相连通。
上述的装置中，优选地，所述进料腔室的入口具有气密性的进料炉门；所述进料腔室的出口与所述加热腔室的入口中间设置有具有气密性的第一隔离炉门。
上述的装置中，优选地，所述出料腔室的出口具有气密性的出料炉门；所述出料腔室的入口与所述加热腔室的出口中间设置有具有气密性的第二隔离炉门。
上述的装置中，优选地，所述加热腔室选自真空腔室或气氛腔室。
上述的装置中，优选地，当所述加热腔室为真空腔室时，所述加热腔室内的真空度为1～10000Pa，优选为100～1000Pa，腔室内的温度为880～1000℃，优选为930℃；所述加热腔室用于同时对多组坯料进行加热。
上述的装置中，优选地，当所述加热腔室为气氛腔室时，所述加热腔室中的气氛为干燥空气或其他干燥气体，所述干燥空气或其他干燥气体为水汽含量低于1000ppm(体积分数)，优选为100ppm(体积分数)；腔室内的气压为室外大气压，腔室内的温度为880～1000℃，优选为930℃；所述加热腔室用于同时对多组坯料进行加热。
上述的装置中，优选地，所述出料腔室的温度为400～800℃，优选为600-700℃。
上述的装置中，优选地，所述进料腔室的上游设置有进料平台；所述出料腔室的下游设置有出料平台。
另一方面，本发明还提供一种大批量热冲压成型零件的制备方法，该方法采用上述的装置进行制备，包括以下步骤：
将坯料送入至气密性的进料腔室，然后对进料腔室抽气达到一定的真空度；
接着将坯料送至气密性的加热腔室进行奥氏体化加热得到热坯料；
热坯料送至气密性的出料腔室；
经由出料腔室输送出的坯料转入至冲压机进行热冲压成型。
上述的制备方法中，优选地，所述坯料经由进料炉门送入进料腔室；所述进料腔室中的坯料经由第一隔离炉门送至加热腔室；所述加热腔室中的热坯料经由第二隔离炉门送至出料腔室；所述出料腔室中的坯料经由出料炉门送至冲压机中。
上述的制备方法中，优选地，所述坯料包括铝硅涂层坯料。
上述的制备方法中，优选地，当所述加热腔室为真空腔室时，坯料经由进料炉门进入进料腔室后，进料腔室抽气达到真空度高于10000Pa，优选为100～1000Pa；
待进料腔室内的真空度接近于加热腔室的真空度后，接着打开进料腔室与加热腔室之间的第一隔离炉门，坯料被送入加热腔室中进行奥氏体化加热，接着关闭进料腔室与加热腔室之间的第一隔离炉门。
上述的制备方法中，优选地，当所述加热腔室为真空腔室时，坯料在加热腔室热处理完毕准备出炉前，出料腔室抽气达到真空度高于10000Pa，优选为100～1000Pa；
待出料腔室内的真空度接近于加热腔室内的真空度后，接着打开出料腔室与加热腔室之间的第二隔离炉门，坯料被送入出料腔室，接着关闭出料腔室与加热腔室之间的第二隔离炉门；
在出料腔室的出料炉门打开之前，向出料腔室内充入干燥空气或其他干燥气体达到室外气压后，打开出料炉门。
上述的制备方法中，优选地，当所述加热腔室为干燥气氛腔室时，坯料经由进料炉门进入进料腔室后，进料腔室抽气达到真空度高于10000Pa，优选为100～1000Pa；然后向进料腔室内通入干燥空气或其他干燥气体，干燥空气或其他干燥气体为水汽含量低于1000ppm，优选为100ppm；
待进料腔室内的气压接近于加热腔室的气压后，接着打开进料腔室与加热腔室之间的第一隔离炉门，坯料被送入加热腔室中进行奥氏体化加热，接着关闭进料腔室与加热腔室之间的第一隔离炉门。
上述的制备方法中，优选地，当所述加热腔室为真空腔室时，坯料在加热腔室热处理完毕准备出炉前，出料腔室抽气达到真空度高于10000Pa，优选为100～1000Pa；然后向出料腔室内通入干燥空气或其他干燥气体，干燥空气或其他干燥气体为水汽含量低于1000ppm，优选为100ppm；
待出料腔室内的气压接近于加热腔室的气压后，接着打开出料腔室与加热腔室之间的第二隔离炉门，坯料被送入出料腔室，接着关闭出料腔室与加热腔室之间的第二隔离炉门；
在出料腔室的出料炉门打开之前，向出料腔室内充入干燥空气或其他干燥气体达到室外气压后，打开出料炉门。
上述的制备方法中，优选地，冲压机中进行热冲压成型的方法包括对出料的坯料进行激光拼焊。
上述的制备方法中，优选地，冲压机中进行热冲压成型的坯料温度控制为500～700℃的范围内加热速率小于7℃/s。
再一方面，本发明还提供一种铝硅镀层的热冲压零件，其采用上述的制备方法制备获得。
上述的热冲压零件，优选地，该热冲压零件的抗拉强度≥1500MPa。
上述的热冲压零件，优选地，所述热冲压零件的生产节拍在20～40s之间。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明通过采用具有气密性腔室的加热炉并把腔室内的气体抽出去，达到10000Pa以上的真空度。使加热炉内的水汽含量值小于1000ppm，1000ppm对应的露点值约在 -15℃。此时可通过两种加热方式进行加热，一种是在具有独立腔室的加热炉抽完空气后，再通入露点值更低的干燥空气，例炉内外的气压保持一致。另一种是在气密性腔室保持一定真空度下进行加热即采用真空加热方式。另外真空加热有利于坯料原材料中氢的扩散到真空里面，有利于原材料里氢含量的减少。采用三个独立气密性腔室巧妙的避开了一般真空炉的弊端。即容纳多组坯料同时加热的加热腔室的气氛始终保持在一定真空度或一定干燥气氛中，不需要对加热腔室进行由一个大气压到一定真空度的频繁抽气。既避免了高温抽气对抽真空设备的损坏，又不会产生因为大容积腔室抽气所需的长时间。只对进出料腔室进行抽气。进出料腔室只容纳一组坯料，容积小，抽气时间短。如果采用单个独立腔室作为进出料和加热，一来对900℃以上温度的高温气体抽气，会严重损坏抽真空设备；二来由于批量生产需要多组坯料同时加热，进出料腔室如果空间很大会导致抽取真空时间太长。出料腔室具备一定的炉温，也是本发明申请的创新点之一。这是因为坯料经过奥氏体加热后需要迅速转移到压机内进行压制成形。如果传送时间超过12秒，将会导致热压淬火后产品内的马氏体组织含量不足，产品的机械性能不合格。而坯料从加热腔室出来经过出料腔室时，在出料腔室会有一个等待时间，等待出料腔室外炉门打开。这就导致坯料到压机时间过长，影响产品机械性能。经过发明者的研究发现，如果出料腔室保持一定的温度，则坯料在出料腔室等待期间会保持足够的温度，进而传送至压机压制后产品机械性能是合格的。而出料腔室虽然也要有抽气，但气体温度远低于加热腔室，对抽真空设备没有不良影响。
为让本发明的上述和其他目的、特征和优点能更明显易懂，下文特举较佳实施例，并配合所附图式，作详细说明如下。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明制备大批量热冲压成型零件的装置的结构示意图。
图2为本发明实施例1制备的热冲压成型零件的点焊测试实验结果图。
图3为本发明实施例1制备的热冲压成型零件的结构胶测试实验结果图。
图4为本发明实施例1制备的热冲压成型零件的电泳涂装测试实验结果图。
附图符号说明：
1、坯料；2、进料平台；3、进料炉门；4、进料腔室；5、第一隔离炉门；6、加热
腔室；7、第二隔离炉门；8、出料腔室；9、出料炉门；10、出料平台；11、冲压机。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供一种制备大批量热冲压成型零件的装置，如图1所示，该装置包括：
加热炉单元和热冲压单元；所述加热炉单元具有多个独立的气密性腔室，包括依次相连通的进料腔室4、加热腔室6和出料腔室8；所述热冲压单元包括冲压机11；出料腔室8与冲压机11相连通。
在一优选的实施方式中，进料腔室4的入口具有气密性的进料炉门3；进料腔室4的出口与加热腔室6的入口中间设置有具有气密性的第一隔离炉门5。
在一优选的实施方式中，出料腔室8的出口具有气密性的出料炉门9；出料腔室8的入口与加热腔室6的出口中间设置有具有气密性的第二隔离炉门7。
在一优选的实施方式中，加热腔室6选自真空腔室或气氛腔室。
在一优选的实施方式中，当加热腔室6为真空腔室时，加热腔室6内的真空度为1～10000Pa，优选为100～1000Pa，腔室内的温度为880～1000℃，优选为930℃；加热腔室6用于同时对多组坯料进行加热。
在一优选的实施方式中，当加热腔室6为气氛腔室时，加热腔室6中的气氛为干燥空气或其他干燥气体，所述干燥空气或其他干燥气体为水汽含量低于1000ppm(体积分数)，优选为100ppm(体积分数)；腔室内的气压为室外大气压，腔室内的温度为880～1000℃，优选为930℃；加热腔室6用于同时对多组坯料进行加热。
在一优选的实施方式中，出料腔室8的温度为400～800℃，优选为650℃。
在一优选的实施方式中，进料腔室4的上游设置有进料平台2；出料腔室8的下游设置有出料平台10。
本实施例还提供一种大批量热冲压成型零件的制备方法，该方法采用上述的装置进 行制备，包括以下步骤：
将坯料1送入至气密性的进料腔室4，然后对进料腔室4抽气达到一定的真空度；
接着将坯料送至气密性的加热腔室6进行奥氏体化加热得到热坯料；
热坯料送至气密性的出料腔室8；
经由出料腔室8输送出的坯料转入至冲压机11进行热冲压成型。
在一优选的实施方式中，坯料1经由进料炉门3送入进料腔室4；进料腔室4中的坯料经由第一隔离炉门5送至加热腔室6；加热腔室6中的热坯料经由第二隔离炉门7送至出料腔室8；出料腔室8中的坯料经由出料炉门9送至冲压机11中。
在一优选的实施方式中，坯料1选自铝硅涂层坯料。
在一优选的实施方式中，当加热腔室6为真空腔室时，坯料1经由进料炉门3进入进料腔室4后，进料腔室4抽气达到真空度高于10000Pa，优选为100～1000Pa；
待进料腔室4内的真空度接近于加热腔室6的真空度后，接着打开进料腔室4与加热腔室6之间的第一隔离炉门5，坯料被送入加热腔室6中进行奥氏体化加热，接着关闭进料腔室4与加热腔室6之间的第一隔离炉门5。
在一优选的实施方式中，当加热腔室6为真空腔室时，坯料在加热腔室6热处理完毕准备出炉前，出料腔室8抽气达到真空度高于10000Pa，优选为100～1000Pa；
待出料腔室8内的真空度接近于加热腔室6内的真空度后，接着打开出料腔室8与加热腔室6之间的第二隔离炉门7，坯料被送入出料腔室8，接着关闭出料腔室8与加热腔室6之间的第二隔离炉门7；
在出料腔室8的出料炉门9打开之前，向出料腔室8内充入干燥空气或其他干燥气体达到室外气压后，打开出料炉门9。
在一优选的实施方式中，当加热腔室6为干燥气氛腔室时，坯料1经由进料炉门3进入进料腔室4后，进料腔室4抽气达到真空度高于10000Pa，优选为100～1000Pa；然后向进料腔室4内通入干燥空气或其他干燥气体，干燥空气或其他干燥气体为水汽含量低于1000ppm，优选为100ppm；
待进料腔室4内的气压接近于加热腔室6的气压后，接着打开进料腔室4与加热腔室6之间的第一隔离炉门5，坯料被送入加热腔室6中进行奥氏体化加热，接着关闭进料腔室4与加热腔室6之间的第一隔离炉门5。
在一优选的实施方式中，当加热腔室6为真空腔室时，坯料在加热腔室6热处理完毕准备出炉前，出料腔室8抽气达到真空度高于10000Pa，优选为100～1000Pa；然后向 出料腔室8内通入干燥空气或其他干燥气体，干燥空气或其他干燥气体为水汽含量低于1000ppm，优选为100ppm；
待出料腔室8内的气压接近于加热腔室6的气压后，接着打开出料腔室8与加热腔室6之间的第二隔离炉门7，坯料被送入出料腔室8，接着关闭出料腔室8与加热腔室6之间的第二隔离炉门7；
在出料腔室8的出料炉门9打开之前，向出料腔室8内充入干燥空气或其他干燥气体达到室外气压后，打开出料炉门9。
在一优选的实施方式中，冲压机11中进行热冲压成型的方法包括对出料的坯料进行激光拼焊。
在一优选的实施方式中，冲压机11中进行热冲压成型的坯料温度控制为500～700℃的范围内加热速率小于7℃/s。
本实施例还提供一种铝硅镀层的热冲压零件，其采用上述的制备方法制备获得。
在一优选的实施方式中，该热冲压零件的抗拉强度≥1500MPa。
在一优选的实施方式中，所述热冲压零件的生产节拍在20～40s之间。
下面通过具体实施例，详细说明本发明：
实施例1：
首先将1.8mm的热压后抗拉强度为1800MPa的热冲压坯料板材铝硅涂层板送入具有三个气密腔室的真空炉内，三个腔室分别为进料腔室4，加热腔室6，出料腔室8。其中真空炉加热腔室的真空度为10Pa。工艺过程如下：坯料进入进料腔室4之前，进料腔室4充入空气达到室外气压，进料炉门3打开，坯料送入，进料炉门3关闭。进料腔室4开始抽出空气并达到10～100Pa的真空度，然后打开进料腔室4与加热腔室6之间的气密性的第一隔离炉门5，坯料送入加热腔室6进行加热。待奥氏体化加热完成后坯料准备送入出料腔室8。在加热腔室6与出料腔室8之间气密性的第二隔离炉门7打开之前，出料腔室8要先完成抽真空使得真空度达到10～100Pa。然后第二隔离炉门7打开，坯料被送入出料腔室8。然后第二隔离炉门7关闭。在出料炉门9打开之前，向出料腔室8充入露点为-45℃的干燥空气或其他干燥气体达到室外气压后，打开出料炉门9。炉温在930度，加热时间300s，坯料被送出炉门并送入冲压机11台上进行冲压成型。
实施例2：
首先将1.8mm的热压后抗拉强度为1800MPa的热冲压坯料板材铝硅涂层板送入具有三个气密腔室的真空炉内，三个腔室分别为进料腔室4，加热腔室6，出料腔室8。其中 真空炉加热腔室的真空度为10Pa。工艺过程如下：坯料进入进料腔室4之前，进料腔室4充入空气达到室外气压，进料炉门3打开，坯料送入，进料炉门3关闭。进料腔室4开始抽出空气并达到10～100Pa的真空度，然后打开进料腔室4与加热腔室6之间的气密性的第一隔离炉门5，坯料送入加热腔室6进行加热。待奥氏体化加热完成后坯料准备送入出料腔室8。在加热腔室6与出料腔室8之间气密性的第二隔离炉门7打开之前，出料腔室8要先完成抽真空使得真空度达到10～100Pa。然后第二隔离炉门7打开，坯料被送入出料腔室8。然后第二隔离炉门7关闭。在出料炉门9打开之前，向出料腔室8充入露点为-45℃的干燥空气或其他干燥气体达到室外气压后，打开出料炉门9。炉温在930度，加热时间600s，坯料被送出炉门并送入冲压机11台上进行冲压成型。
实施例3：
首先将1.8mm的热压后抗拉强度为1800Mpa的热冲压坯料板材铝硅涂层板送入具有三个气密腔室的气氛炉内，三个腔室分别为进料腔室4，加热腔室6，出料腔室8。其中气氛炉加热腔室6的气氛露点为-45℃，气压为一个大气压。工艺过程如下：坯料进入进料腔室4之前，进料腔室4充入空气达到室外气压，进料炉门3打开，坯料送入，进料炉门3关闭，进料腔室4抽出空气并达到10-100Pa的真空度，然后向进料腔室4充入露点为-45℃的干燥空气达到加热腔室6气压，也就是一个大气压。然后打开进料腔室4与加热腔室6之间的气密性第一隔离炉门5，坯料送入加热腔室6进行加热。待奥氏体化加热完成后坯料准备送入出料腔室8。在加热腔室6与出料腔室8之间的气密性第二隔离炉门7打开之前，出料腔室8要先完成抽真空使得真空度达到10～100Pa并且充入露点为-45℃的干燥空气达到加热腔室6气压，也就是一个大气压。然后第二隔离炉门7打开，坯料送入出料腔室8，然后第二隔离炉门7关闭。炉温在930度，加热时间300s。再打开出料炉门9，坯料被送出炉门并送入冲压机11台上进行冲压成型。
对比例1：
首先将1.8mm的1800Mpa的热冲压板材22MnB5铝硅涂层板放入露点为-5℃的气氛炉内进行加热，炉温在930度，加热时间300s，在完成奥氏体化加热后放入冲压机台上进行冲压成型。
对比例2：
首先将1.8mm的1800Mpa的热冲压板材22MnB5铝硅涂层板放入露点为-5℃的气氛炉 内进行加热，炉温在930度，加热时间600s，在完成奥氏体化加热后放入冲压机台上进行冲压成型。
对比例3：
首先将1.8mm的1800Mpa的热冲压板材22MnB5铝硅涂层板放入露点为-5℃的气氛炉内进行加热，炉温在930度，加热时间300s，在完成奥氏体化加热后放入冲压机台上进行冲压成型。
对比例4：
首先将1.8mm的1800Mpa的热冲压板材22MnB5铝硅涂层板放入露点为-5℃的气氛炉内进行加热，炉温在930度，加热时间600s，在完成奥氏体化加热后放入冲压机台上进行冲压成型。
表1实施例与对比例性能结果
将实施例1、实施例2与对比例1、对比例2、对比例3、对比例4制备的零件在中性盐雾下，每隔4小时喷盐雾10分钟，其结果如表2所示。
表2实施例与对比例四点弯曲性能对比结果
对实施例1制备的零件进行点焊测试，实验结果如下表3和图2所示，可以看出，其焊接性能Ok。
表3点焊测试实验结果
对实施例1制备的零件进行结构胶测试，结果如图3所示，可以看出，其胶粘性能OK。
对实施例1制备的零件进行电泳涂装测试，结果如图4所示，可以看出，其涂装性OK。
此外，从表1和表2中可以看出，采用本方法制得的零件，其扩散氢含量较低，延伸率较普通气氛炉方法延伸率高，弯曲性能较好，氢脆风险较低。焊接性能以及胶粘问题以及涂装性能都无问题。其原因为本方法在真空状态下，在零件加热时，与铝硅镀层参与反应的H2O分子较少，反应生成的扩散氢较少。而普通气氛炉加热时炉内的H2O分子较多，与铝硅镀层反应生成的氢较多，较多的氢进入加热后的奥氏体坯料内，然后冷却成型形成马氏体的内应力增多，缺陷增多，导致其延伸率、弯曲角度以及氢脆风险增多。
本发明中应用了具体实施例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种制备大批量热冲压成型零件的装置，其特征在于，该装置包括：
    加热炉单元和热冲压单元；
    所述加热炉单元具有多个独立的气密性腔室，包括依次相连通的进料腔室、加热腔室和出料腔室；所述热冲压单元包括冲压机；
    所述出料腔室与所述冲压机相连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：所述进料腔室的入口具有气密性的进料炉门；所述进料腔室的出口与所述加热腔室的入口中间设置有具有气密性的第一隔离炉门。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：所述出料腔室的出口具有气密性的出料炉门；所述出料腔室的入口与所述加热腔室的出口中间设置有具有气密性的第二隔离炉门。
  4. 根据权利要求1～3任一项所述的装置，其特征在于：所述加热腔室选自真空腔室或气氛腔室。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于：当所述加热腔室为真空腔室时，所述加热腔室内的真空度为1～10000Pa，优选为100～1000Pa，腔室内的温度为880～1000℃，优选为930℃；所述加热腔室用于同时对多组坯料进行加热。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于：当所述加热腔室为气氛腔室时，所述加热腔室中的气氛为干燥空气或其他干燥气体，所述干燥空气或其他干燥气体为水汽含量低于1000ppm(体积分数)，优选为100ppm(体积分数)；腔室内的气压为室外大气压，腔室内的温度为880～1000℃，优选为930℃；所述加热腔室用于同时对多组坯料进行加热。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：所述出料腔室的温度为400～800℃，优选为600～700℃。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：所述进料腔室的上游设置有进料平台；所述出料腔室的下游设置有出料平台。
  9. 一种大批量热冲压成型零件的制备方法，其特征在于，该方法采用权利要求1～8任一项所述的装置进行制备，包括以下步骤：
    将坯料送入至气密性的进料腔室，然后对进料腔室抽气达到一定的真空度；
    接着将坯料送至气密性的加热腔室进行奥氏体化加热得到热坯料；
    热坯料送至气密性的出料腔室；
    经由出料腔室输送出的坯料转入至冲压机进行热冲压成型。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述坯料经由进料炉门送入进料腔室；所述进料腔室中的坯料经由第一隔离炉门送至加热腔室；所述加热腔室中的热坯料经由第二隔离炉门送至出料腔室；所述出料腔室中的坯料经由出料炉门送至冲压机中。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述坯料包括铝硅涂层坯料。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法，其特征在于，当所述加热腔室为真空腔室时，坯料经由进料炉门进入进料腔室后，进料腔室抽气达到真空度高于10000Pa，优选为100～1000Pa；
    待进料腔室内的真空度接近于加热腔室的真空度后，接着打开进料腔室与加热腔室之间的第一隔离炉门，坯料被送入加热腔室中进行奥氏体化加热，接着关闭进料腔室与加热腔室之间的第一隔离炉门。
  13. 根据权利要求10或12所述的制备方法，其特征在于，当所述加热腔室为真空腔室时，坯料在加热腔室热处理完毕准备出炉前，出料腔室抽气达到真空度高于10000Pa，优选为100～1000Pa；
    待出料腔室内的真空度接近于加热腔室内的真空度后，接着打开出料腔室与加热腔室之间的第二隔离炉门，坯料被送入出料腔室，接着关闭出料腔室与加热腔室之间的第二隔离炉门；
    在出料腔室的出料炉门打开之前，向出料腔室内充入干燥空气或其他干燥气体达到室外气压后，打开出料炉门。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法，其特征在于，当所述加热腔室为干燥气氛腔室时，坯料经由进料炉门进入进料腔室后，进料腔室抽气达到真空度高于10000Pa，优选为100～1000Pa；然后向进料腔室内通入干燥空气或其他干燥气体，干燥空气或其他干燥气体为水汽含量低于1000ppm，优选为100ppm；
    待进料腔室内的气压接近于加热腔室的气压后，接着打开进料腔室与加热腔室之间的第一隔离炉门，坯料被送入加热腔室中进行奥氏体化加热，接着关闭进料腔室与加热腔室之间的第一隔离炉门。
  15. 根据权利要求10或12所述的制备方法，其特征在于，当所述加热腔室为真空腔室时，坯料在加热腔室热处理完毕准备出炉前，出料腔室抽气达到真空度高于 10000Pa，优选为100～1000Pa；然后向出料腔室内通入干燥空气或其他干燥气体，干燥空气或其他干燥气体为水汽含量低于1000ppm，优选为100ppm；
    待出料腔室内的气压接近于加热腔室的气压后，接着打开出料腔室与加热腔室之间的第二隔离炉门，坯料被送入出料腔室，接着关闭出料腔室与加热腔室之间的第二隔离炉门；
    在出料腔室的出料炉门打开之前，向出料腔室内充入干燥空气或其他干燥气体达到室外气压后，打开出料炉门。
  16. 根据权利要求9或10所述的制备方法，其特征在于，冲压机中进行热冲压成型的方法包括对出料的坯料进行激光拼焊。
  17. 根据权利要求9或10所述的制备方法，其特征在于，冲压机中进行热冲压成型的坯料温度控制为500～700℃的范围内加热速率小于7℃/s。
  18. 一种铝硅镀层的热冲压零件，其采用权利要求9～17任一项所述的制备方法制备获得。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的热冲压零件，其特征在于，所述热冲压零件的抗拉强度≥1500MPa。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的热冲压零件，其特征在于，所述热冲压零件的生产节拍在20～40s之间。
PCT/CN2023/074748 2022-07-28 2023-02-07 热冲压成型零件的制备装置及方法 WO2024021560A1 (zh)

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