WO2024020996A1 - 显示面板、后视镜和交通设备 - Google Patents

显示面板、后视镜和交通设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024020996A1
WO2024020996A1 PCT/CN2022/108877 CN2022108877W WO2024020996A1 WO 2024020996 A1 WO2024020996 A1 WO 2024020996A1 CN 2022108877 W CN2022108877 W CN 2022108877W WO 2024020996 A1 WO2024020996 A1 WO 2024020996A1
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Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
display panel
substrate
alignment film
electrode
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PCT/CN2022/108877
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李文波
陈婉芝
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方技术开发有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方技术开发有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to CN202280002446.0A priority Critical patent/CN117882001A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/108877 priority patent/WO2024020996A1/zh
Publication of WO2024020996A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024020996A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present disclosure belong to the field of display technology, and specifically relate to a display panel, a rearview mirror and a traffic device.
  • Vehicle rearview mirrors have high requirements on light reflectivity and anti-glare effect. Currently, vehicle rearview mirrors require light reflectivity higher than 50%.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display panel, which includes: a reflective layer and a first liquid crystal cell;
  • the first liquid crystal cell includes a first substrate and a second substrate; the first substrate and the second substrate are combined to form a cell gap;
  • the first liquid crystal cell also includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a first alignment film and a second alignment film;
  • the first electrode and the first alignment film are disposed on a side of the first substrate close to the second substrate, and are stacked away from the first substrate in sequence;
  • the second electrode and the second alignment film are disposed on a side of the second substrate close to the first substrate, and are stacked away from the second substrate in sequence;
  • the reflective layer is located on a side of the first alignment film facing away from the second substrate;
  • the cell gap is filled with negative liquid crystal and the first colored dye.
  • the box gap is also filled with chiral additives.
  • the orientation directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are parallel to each other.
  • the orientation directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are orthogonal to each other.
  • the concentration of the chiral additive is c ⁇ K33/(2dHTP ⁇ K22);
  • K22 and K33 are the elastic modulus of the liquid crystal; d is the thickness of the cell gap; HTP is the twist constant of the chiral additive.
  • the content of the chiral additive is such that the pitch formed by the rotation of the liquid crystal is 100 to 200 times the thickness of the cell gap.
  • the first electrode and the second electrode are surface electrodes respectively;
  • the first electrode is multiplexed as the reflective layer; or, the reflective layer is located on a side of the first substrate away from the second substrate.
  • a second liquid crystal cell is also included, and the second liquid crystal cell has the same structure as the first liquid crystal cell;
  • the second liquid crystal cell is located on a side of the second substrate in the first liquid crystal cell away from the first substrate, and the second liquid crystal cell and the first liquid crystal cell overlap each other;
  • the orientation direction of the first alignment film and the second alignment film in the second liquid crystal cell is orthogonal to the alignment direction of the first alignment film and the second alignment film in the first liquid crystal cell.
  • the first electrode and the second electrode in the second liquid crystal cell are made of light-transmitting materials
  • the second electrode in the first liquid crystal cell is made of light-transmitting material
  • the reflective layer is located on the side of the first substrate in the first liquid crystal cell away from the second substrate, and the first electrode in the first liquid crystal cell is made of light-transmitting material;
  • the first electrode in the first liquid crystal cell is multiplexed as the reflective layer, and the first electrode in the first liquid crystal cell is made of an opaque material.
  • the box gap is also filled with a second colored dye.
  • the mass proportion of the second colored dye in the filler in the box gap ranges from 0 to 1%.
  • the mass proportion of the second colored dye in the filler in the box gap ranges from 0.3 to 0.5%.
  • the first colored dye adopts any one of azos, anthraquinones, and naphthalimides
  • the second colored dye may be any one or more of azos, anthraquinones, and naphthalimides.
  • the cell gap is also filled with photopolymer.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a rearview mirror, including the above-mentioned display panel.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a traffic device, which includes the above-mentioned rearview mirror.
  • Figure 1a is a schematic diagram of a vehicle rearview mirror operating in a specular reflection mode in the disclosed technology.
  • Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of a vehicle rearview mirror operating in an anti-glare mode in the disclosed technology.
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of the liquid crystal state of a display panel when no power is applied in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of the liquid crystal state of a display panel when powered on in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3 is a graph showing the absorbance rate of dye molecules to incident light of different wavelengths when the first electrode and the second electrode are not powered and powered.
  • FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram of the liquid crystal state of another display panel when power is not applied in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram of the liquid crystal state of another display panel when powered on in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5a is a schematic diagram of the liquid crystal state of another display panel when no power is applied in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram of the liquid crystal state of another display panel when powered on according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6 shows the reflectivity curve of the display panel as the R1011 concentration gradually increases.
  • Figure 7 is a diagram of the initial orientation state of the guest-host liquid crystal when the display panel generates a fingerprint structure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9a is a schematic diagram of the liquid crystal state of another display panel when no power is applied in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9b is a schematic diagram of the liquid crystal state of another display panel when powered on according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 10 shows the reflectivity and contrast of a single liquid crystal cell display panel when the gap is not filled with the second colored dye, the first alignment film and the second alignment film are rubbed, and the first alignment film and the second alignment film are not rubbed. Contrast curve.
  • Figure 11 shows the reflectivity and contrast of a single liquid crystal cell display panel when the gap is filled with the second colored dye, the first alignment film and the second alignment film are rubbed, and the first alignment film and the second alignment film are not rubbed. Contrast curve.
  • Figure 12 shows the reflectivity and contrast comparison curves of a single liquid crystal cell display panel when the cell gap is filled with a chiral additive, a second colored dye and a photopolymer, and the cell gap is of different thicknesses.
  • FIG 1a it is a schematic diagram of a vehicle rearview mirror in the public technology when it is working in the specular reflection mode.
  • Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of the vehicle rearview mirror in the public technology when it is working in the anti-glare mode; wherein, the vehicle rearview mirror includes a display module. 4 and a liquid crystal cell 5 arranged on the display side of the display module 4.
  • the liquid crystal cell 5 includes upper and lower polarizers 6.
  • the liquid crystal molecules 7 in the liquid crystal cell 5 rotate under the action of an electric field to achieve mirror reflection and anti-glare effects of the rearview mirror.
  • the reflectivity of the rearview mirror in Figure 1a is only about 42% in the specular reflection mode, and requires the cooperation of the liquid crystal box 5 and the display module 4, which makes the vehicle rearview mirror The overall cost is on the high side.
  • FIG. 2a is a liquid crystal state of a display panel in an embodiment of the present disclosure when no power is applied.
  • FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of the liquid crystal state of a display panel when powered on in an embodiment of the present disclosure; wherein, the display panel includes: a reflective layer 1 and a first liquid crystal cell 2; the first liquid crystal cell 2 includes a first substrate 21, The second substrate 22; the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 are combined to form a cell gap; the first liquid crystal cell 2 also includes a first electrode 23, a second electrode 24, a first alignment film 25 and a second alignment film 26; An electrode 23 and a first alignment film 25 are disposed on a side of the first substrate 21 close to the second substrate 22, and are stacked away from the first substrate 21 in sequence; a second electrode 24 and a second alignment film 26 are disposed on the second substrate. 22 is close to the first substrate 21 and stacked in sequence away from the second substrate 22; the reflective layer 1 is located on the side of the first alignment film 25 facing away from the second substrate 22; the cell gap is filled with negative liquid crystal 27 and the third A colored dye 28.
  • the negative liquid crystal 27 and the first colored dye 28 in the cell gap constitute a guest-host liquid crystal.
  • the guest-host liquid crystal has a guest-host effect.
  • the guest-host effect is to use dichroic dyes with different absorption of visible light along the long axis direction and the short axis direction as guests. , dissolved in the oriented liquid crystal host.
  • the dichroic dye will be aligned with the liquid crystal molecules in the same direction as the guest changes with the host.
  • the arrangement direction of the dichroic dye molecules will also change accordingly, that is, the absorption of incident light by the dichroic dye will also change.
  • the orientation directions of the first alignment film 25 and the second alignment film 26 are parallel to each other.
  • a vertical alignment agent is also provided on the side of the first alignment film 25 facing away from the first substrate 21
  • a vertical alignment agent is also provided on the side of the second alignment film 26 facing away from the second substrate 22 .
  • the vertical alignment agent can be a polyimide vertical alignment agent; surface active substances such as C 6 H 13 N(CH 2 ) 3 Br, C 8 H 17 N(CH 3 ) 3 Br, C 16 H 33 N( CH 3 ) 3 Br can be coated on the surface of the glass substrate or directly added to the liquid crystal to obtain vertically aligned molecular orientation; or polyamide, octadecylmalonic acid, benzyl derivatives, long-chain quaternary ammonium salts The polar ends are adsorbed on the glass surface, and the non-polar long chains induce the liquid crystal molecules to align vertically; surface coupling agents such as RSi(OH) 3 can also be used, where R is a long-chain organic group such as an alkyl group, and the organic group Extending upward
  • the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 are surface electrodes respectively; the reflective layer 1 is located on the side of the first substrate 21 away from the second substrate 22 .
  • the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 are made of light-transmitting conductive materials, such as ITO, IGZO, etc.; the reflective layer 1 is made of reflective materials such as Ag, Al or MO/Al/Al.
  • the guest-host liquid crystal molecules are vertically oriented, and the dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystal do not absorb light, so that the first liquid crystal cell can pass through the first liquid crystal cell. 2. Most of the natural light irradiated on the reflective layer 1 is reflected by the reflective layer 1 and then emitted through the first liquid crystal cell 2, so that the display panel can achieve a reflectivity greater than 50%; the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 are powered Finally, the guest-host liquid crystal molecules rotate according to the orientation direction of the first alignment film 25 and the second alignment film 26.
  • the dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystal absorb part of the light passing through the first liquid crystal cell 2, thereby reducing the display panel.
  • the reflected light intensity achieves the anti-glare effect of the display panel.
  • the anti-glare mode of the rearview mirror can achieve millisecond-level anti-glare response, which can effectively reduce the braking distance. For example, if a car reaches a speed of 100 kilometers per hour, the rearview mirror will When using the anti-dazzle function, the braking distance is 81 meters. In this embodiment, the rearview mirror with the anti-dazzle function can reduce the braking distance of the car to 42 meters, which is highly safe.
  • the principle of the first colored dye 28 absorbing light is as follows: when electricity is applied to the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24, the dye molecules rotate with the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules; when the dye molecules rotate with the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules, their long axes When the polarization direction of the incident light is the same, most of the incident light will be absorbed by the dye molecules. When the long axis of the dye molecules is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the incident light as the liquid crystal molecules rotate, most of the incident light will pass through the dye molecules without being absorbed. Referring to FIG. 3 , there is a graph showing the absorbance rate of dye molecules to incident light of different wavelengths when the first electrode and the second electrode are not powered and powered.
  • the dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystal rotate to have their long axis direction parallel to the orientation directions of the first alignment film 25 and the second alignment film 26 , the dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystal only It can absorb incident light in one direction (that is, incident light whose deflection direction is the same as the long axis direction), so the low-state reflectivity of the display panel (referring to the reflectivity in the anti-glare state) is relatively high, and the anti-glare effect is average.
  • the first colored dye 28 uses any one of azo, anthraquinone, and naphthalimide dichroic dyes as the guest component.
  • the first colored dye 28 is azo type, and the molecular formula of the azo dye is:
  • the degree of order of the dye is related to its molecular structure, and the molecular structure includes the molecular aspect ratio , different substituents at the side or terminal ends, etc.
  • Dye dichroic ratio N A
  • /A ⁇ (1+2S)/(1-S); the higher the solubility of the dye in the liquid crystal, the better; at the operating temperature of -40°C-90°C, The dye needs to have good solubility and no crystals can precipitate.
  • long-chain alkyl and alkoxy functional groups, as well as asymmetric amino substituents have higher solubility.
  • FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram of the liquid crystal state of another display panel when not powered on in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram of another display panel in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Schematic diagram of the liquid crystal state when powered on.
  • the cell gap is also filled with chiral additives.
  • the chiral additive can cause the guest-host liquid crystal molecules to achieve a twisted state with a helical pitch structure, thereby absorbing incident light from all directions and further improving the anti-glare effect.
  • the guest-host liquid crystal molecules are vertically oriented, and the dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystal do not absorb light, so that the first liquid crystal cell can pass through the first liquid crystal cell. 2. Most of the natural light irradiated on the reflective layer 1 is reflected by the reflective layer 1 and then emitted through the first liquid crystal cell 2, so that the display panel can achieve a reflectivity greater than 50%; the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 are powered Finally, the guest-host liquid crystal molecules rotate under the action of the electric field.
  • the guest-host liquid crystal can achieve a twisted state with a helical pitch structure (that is, the guest-host liquid crystal in the cell gap moves in the direction of the second substrate 22 toward the first substrate 21 , the degree of distortion of the guest-host liquid crystal molecules in the horizontal plane first gradually increases, and then gradually decreases. That is, the degree of distortion of the guest-host liquid crystal molecules in the middle area of the cell gap thickness is greater in the horizontal plane, from the middle area to the upper and lower sides of the middle area. The degree of distortion of the guest-host liquid crystal molecules in the side area gradually decreases in the horizontal plane, which is parallel to the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22).
  • the dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystal absorb most of the incident light in different directions, thus Significantly reduces the reflected light intensity of the display panel and achieves better anti-glare effect.
  • FIG. 5a is a schematic diagram of the liquid crystal state of another display panel when not powered on in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram of another display panel in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the difference from the structure of the display panel in the above embodiment is that the alignment directions of the first alignment film 25 and the second alignment film 26 are orthogonal to each other.
  • the orientation direction of the first alignment film 25 is 0°
  • the orientation direction of the second alignment film 26 is 90°.
  • the gap in the box is also filled with chiral additives.
  • the guest-host liquid crystal molecules are vertically oriented, and the dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystal do not absorb light, so that the first liquid crystal cell can pass through the first liquid crystal cell. 2. Most of the natural light irradiated on the reflective layer 1 is reflected by the reflective layer 1 and then emitted through the first liquid crystal cell 2, so that the display panel can achieve a reflectivity greater than 50%; the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 are powered Finally, the guest-host liquid crystal molecules rotate under the action of the electric field.
  • the guest-host liquid crystal can achieve a TN twisted state with a helical pitch structure (that is, the guest-host liquid crystal in the cell gap moves along the second substrate 22 to the first substrate 21 direction, the degree of distortion of the guest-host liquid crystal molecules gradually decreases in the horizontal plane, which is parallel to the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22).
  • the dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystal absorb most of the incident light in different directions, thus Significantly reduces the reflected light intensity of the display panel and achieves better anti-glare effect.
  • the driving voltage applied to the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 is slightly increased.
  • the molecular structure of the chiral additive does not contain strong polar groups
  • cyclohexane such as cyclohexylbiphenyl, dicyclohexylbenzene, etc.
  • F fluorine
  • Atoms can increase fat solubility, acetylene bonds, -CH 2 CH 2 -, -CF 2 O-, etc. are bridge bonds, and there are chiral groups attached to the ends.
  • Chiral additives need to have a large HTP (torsion constant of chiral additives) value and good photostability and chemical stability, and also need to have a high voltage retention rate (VHR); and the host liquid crystal material in guest-host liquid crystal It has good compatibility; it is not easily adsorbed by adsorbents (such as silica gel or alumina); its pitch (chiral additives can rotate the liquid crystal to form a periodic rotation structure, and the minimum period length of the periodic rotation structure is the pitch) has a small temperature interdependence.
  • HTP sion constant of chiral additives
  • VHR voltage retention rate
  • the chiral additive can be any one of CB15, S811, R1011, etc.
  • the concentration of the chiral additive is c ⁇ K33/(2dHTP ⁇ K22); where K22 and K33 are the elastic moduli of the liquid crystal; d is the thickness of the cell gap; HTP is the distortion constant of the chiral additive.
  • chiral additives can rotate the liquid crystal to form a periodic rotation structure.
  • the minimum period length of the periodic rotation structure is the pitch.
  • P is the pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystal
  • P 1/(HTP ⁇ c)
  • HTP is the twist constant of the chiral additive
  • c is the concentration of the chiral additive
  • K22, K33 are the elastic modulus of the liquid crystal.
  • the chiral additive uses R1011. Refer to Figure 6, which shows the reflectivity curve of the display panel as the concentration of R1011 gradually increases.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram of the initial orientation state of the guest-host liquid crystal when the display panel generates a fingerprint structure. It can be seen from Figure 7 that the guest-host liquid crystal molecules are not all vertically oriented in the initial state, that is, the vertical alignment fails.
  • 1/(HTP ⁇ c)>2dK22/K33 needs to be satisfied, that is, the concentration of the chiral additive must satisfy c ⁇ K33/(2dHTP ⁇ K22).
  • the content of the chiral additive makes the pitch formed by the rotation of the liquid crystal be 100 to 200 times the thickness of the cell gap. This enables the display panel to achieve better anti-glare effect.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another display panel in an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which the first electrode 23 is multiplexed as the reflective layer 1 .
  • the thickness of the display panel is reduced, the structure is simple, and the display panel is mass-produced to a certain extent.
  • FIG. 9a is a schematic diagram of the liquid crystal state of another display panel when not powered on in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9b is a schematic diagram of the liquid crystal state of another display panel when powered on in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the state schematic diagram is different from the above embodiment in that based on the structure of the display panel in Figure 2a and Figure 2b, the display panel in this embodiment also includes a second liquid crystal cell 3.
  • the structure of the box 2 is the same; the second liquid crystal cell 3 is located on the side of the second substrate 22 in the first liquid crystal cell 2 away from the first substrate 21, and the second liquid crystal cell 3 and the first liquid crystal cell 2 overlap each other; the second The orientation direction of the first alignment film 25 and the second alignment film 26 in the liquid crystal cell 3 is orthogonal to the alignment direction of the first alignment film 25 and the second alignment film 26 in the first liquid crystal cell 2 .
  • the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 in the second liquid crystal cell 3 are made of light-transmitting materials; the second electrode 24 in the first liquid crystal cell 2 is made of light-transmitting materials; the reflective layer 1 is located on the first liquid crystal cell.
  • the first electrode 23 in the first liquid crystal cell 2 is made of light-transmitting material.
  • the first electrode 23 in the first liquid crystal cell 2 is reused as the reflective layer 1, and the first electrode 23 in the first liquid crystal cell is made of an opaque material.
  • the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 of the first liquid crystal cell 2 and the second liquid crystal cell 3 are not powered, and the guest and host liquid crystal molecules in the two liquid crystal cells are For vertical orientation, the dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystal do not absorb light, so that most of the natural light that passes through the second liquid crystal cell 3 and the first liquid crystal cell 2 and irradiates onto the reflective layer 1 is reflected by the reflective layer 1 and then passes through the first liquid crystal cell in turn.
  • the alignment films in the first liquid crystal cell 2 are all oriented at 0°, and the alignment films in the second liquid crystal cell 3 are all 90°.
  • the cost of the display panel composed of the first liquid crystal cell 2 and the second liquid crystal cell 3 is higher than that of a display panel with a single liquid crystal cell.
  • the display panel has the highest reflectivity (ie, the reflectance in the initial state). ) will be reduced.
  • the cell gap is also filled with a second colored dye. This can significantly improve the anti-glare effect when the display panel has low-state reflectivity (referring to the reflectivity in the anti-glare state), but the maximum reflectivity of the display panel will slightly decrease in the unpowered state.
  • the second colored dye adopts any one or more of azos, anthraquinones, and naphthalimides.
  • the mass proportion of the second colored dye in the filler in the box gap ranges from 0 to 1%. In some embodiments, the mass proportion of the second colored dye in the filler in the cell gap ranges from 0.3 to 0.5%.
  • the cell gap is not filled with the second colored dye, and the first alignment film and the second alignment film are rubbed together with the first alignment film and the second alignment film.
  • the mass proportion of guest-host liquid crystal is 99.6%, and the mass proportion of chiral additive R1011 is 0.4%.
  • a single liquid crystal cell display panel is filled with a second colored dye in the cell gap, and the first alignment film and the second alignment film are rubbed together with the first alignment film and the second alignment film. Reflectivity and contrast comparison curves when the film is not rubbed.
  • the box gap of the display panel is filled with guest-host liquid crystal and chiral additive R1011.
  • the mass proportion of guest-host liquid crystal is 99.1%, and the mass proportion of chiral additive R1011
  • the mass proportion of the second colored dye such as LG6# dye is 0.5%.
  • the cell gap is also filled with photopolymer.
  • FIG 12 it shows the reflectivity and contrast contrast curves of a single liquid crystal cell display panel when the cell gap is filled with a chiral additive, a second colored dye and a photopolymer, and the cell gap is of different thicknesses, in which the negative pixels filled in the cell gap are
  • the mass proportion of chiral liquid crystal is 93.73%; the mass proportion of chiral additive R1011 is 0.4%; the mass proportion of the first colored dye and the second colored dye S428 is 4%; the mass proportion of photopolymer RM257 is 1.7 %; the mass proportion of photoinitiator 1819 is 0.17%; the thickness of the box gap is 3 ⁇ m, 4 ⁇ m and 5 ⁇ m respectively.
  • the display panel provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure uses guest-host liquid crystal, or further fills the guest-host liquid crystal with chiral additives, and performs initial orientation on the guest-host liquid crystal through the first alignment film and the second alignment film, and the guest-host liquid crystal is in the first Rotating under the action of the electric field formed between the electrode and the second electrode and the auxiliary alignment action of the first alignment film and the second alignment film can achieve a light reflectivity of greater than 50% of the display panel in an initial state without power and It has a better anti-glare effect when powered on.
  • the anti-glare mode of the rearview mirror can achieve millisecond-level anti-glare response, which can effectively reduce the braking distance and is highly safe.
  • the rearview mirror The display panel does not need to use polarizers, thus greatly reducing costs.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a rearview mirror, including the display panel in the above embodiment.
  • the rearview mirror can achieve millisecond-level anti-glare response, reduce the braking distance of the traffic equipment equipped with the rearview mirror, and ensure the safety of the traffic equipment; at the same time, it also Reduces the cost of traffic equipment rearview mirrors.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a traffic device, including the rearview mirror in the above embodiment.
  • the traffic equipment can achieve millisecond-level anti-glare response, reduce the braking distance of the traffic equipment, and ensure the safety of the traffic equipment; at the same time, it also reduces the rear view of the traffic equipment. Sight glass cost.

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Abstract

一种显示面板，包括：反射层（1）和第一液晶盒（2）；第一液晶盒（2）包括第一基板（21）、第二基板（22）；第一基板（21）和第二基板（22）对合形成盒间隙；第一液晶盒（2）还包括第一电极（23）、第二电极（24）、第一取向膜（25）和第二取向膜（26）；第一电极（23）和第一取向膜（25）设置于第一基板（21）的靠近第二基板（22）的一侧，且依次远离第一基板（21）叠置；第二电极（24）和第二取向膜（26）设置于第二基板（22）的靠近第一基板（21）的一侧，且依次远离第二基板（22）叠置；反射层（1）位于第一取向膜（25）背离第二基板（22）的一侧；盒间隙中填充有负性液晶（27）和第一有色染料（28）。

Description

显示面板、后视镜和交通设备 技术领域
本公开实施例属于显示技术领域，具体涉及一种显示面板、后视镜和交通设备。
背景技术
车辆后视镜对光线反射率和防眩效果有较高的要求。目前车辆后视镜要求光线反射率高于50％。
发明内容
第一方面，本公开实施例提供一种显示面板，其中，包括：反射层和第一液晶盒；
所述第一液晶盒包括第一基板、第二基板；所述第一基板和所述第二基板对合形成盒间隙；
所述第一液晶盒还包括第一电极、第二电极、第一取向膜和第二取向膜；
所述第一电极和所述第一取向膜设置于所述第一基板的靠近所述第二基板的一侧，且依次远离所述第一基板叠置；
所述第二电极和所述第二取向膜设置于所述第二基板的靠近所述第一基板的一侧，且依次远离所述第二基板叠置；
所述反射层位于所述第一取向膜背离所述第二基板的一侧；
所述盒间隙中填充有负性液晶和第一有色染料。
在一些实施例中，所述盒间隙中还填充有手性添加剂。
在一些实施例中，所述第一取向膜和所述第二取向膜的取向方向相互平行。
在一些实施例中，所述第一取向膜和所述第二取向膜的取向方向相互 正交。
在一些实施例中，所述手性添加剂的浓度c＜K33/(2dHTP·K22)；
其中，K22，K33为液晶的弹性模量；d为所述盒间隙的厚度；HTP为手性添加剂的扭曲常数。
在一些实施例中，所述手性添加剂的含量使得液晶旋转形成的螺距为所述盒间隙厚度的100～200倍。
在一些实施例中，所述第一电极和所述第二电极分别为面电极；
所述第一电极复用作所述反射层；或者，所述反射层位于所述第一基板背离所述第二基板的一侧。
在一些实施例中，还包括第二液晶盒，所述第二液晶盒与所述第一液晶盒的结构相同；
所述第二液晶盒位于所述第一液晶盒中所述第二基板的远离所述第一基板的一侧，且所述第二液晶盒与所述第一液晶盒相互叠置；
所述第二液晶盒中所述第一取向膜和所述第二取向膜的取向方向与所述第一液晶盒中所述第一取向膜和所述第二取向膜的取向方向正交。
在一些实施例中，所述第二液晶盒中的所述第一电极和所述第二电极采用透光材料；
所述第一液晶盒中的所述第二电极采用透光材料；
所述反射层位于所述第一液晶盒中所述第一基板背离所述第二基板的一侧，所述第一液晶盒中的所述第一电极采用透光材料；
或者，所述第一液晶盒中的所述第一电极复用作所述反射层，所述第一液晶盒中的所述第一电极采用不透光材料。
在一些实施例中，所述盒间隙中还填充有第二有色染料。
在一些实施例中，所述第二有色染料在所述盒间隙中填充物中的质量占比范围为0～1％。
在一些实施例中，所述第二有色染料在所述盒间隙中填充物中的质量 占比范围为0.3～0.5％。
在一些实施例中，所述第一有色染料采用偶氮类、蒽醌类、萘酰亚胺类中的任意一种；
所述第二有色染料采用偶氮类、蒽醌类、萘酰亚胺类中的任意一种或多种。
在一些实施例中，所述盒间隙中还填充有光聚合物。
第二方面，本公开实施例还提供一种后视镜，包括上述显示面板。
第三方面，本公开实施例还提供一种交通设备，其中，包括上述后视镜。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本公开实施例的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本公开实施例一起用于解释本公开，并不构成对本公开的限制。通过参考附图对详细示例实施例进行描述，以上和其它特征和优点对本领域技术人员将变得更加显而易见，在附图中：
图1a为公开技术中车辆后视镜工作在镜面反射模式时的示意图。
图1b为公开技术中车辆后视镜工作在防眩模式时的示意图。
图2a为本公开实施例中一种显示面板在不加电时的液晶状态示意图。
图2b为本公开实施例中一种显示面板在加电时的液晶状态示意图。
图3为第一电极和第二电极在不加电和加电时染料分子对不同波长入射光的吸收率曲线图。
图4a为本公开实施例中另一种显示面板在不加电时的液晶状态示意图。
图4b为本公开实施例中另一种显示面板在加电时的液晶状态示意图。
图5a为本公开实施例中又一种显示面板在不加电时的液晶状态示意图。
图5b为本公开实施例中又一种显示面板在加电时的液晶状态示意图。
图6为随R1011浓度的逐渐增大，显示面板的反射率曲线图。
图7为显示面板产生指纹结构时的宾主液晶初始取向状态图。
图8为本公开实施例中又一种显示面板的结构示意图。
图9a为本公开实施例中又一种显示面板在不加电时的液晶状态示意图。
图9b为本公开实施例中又一种显示面板在加电时的液晶状态示意图。
图10为单液晶盒显示面板盒间隙中未填充第二有色染料，第一取向膜和第二取向膜经过摩擦处理与第一取向膜和第二取向膜未进行摩擦处理时的反射率和对比度对比曲线。
图11为单液晶盒显示面板盒间隙中填充有第二有色染料，第一取向膜和第二取向膜经过摩擦处理与第一取向膜和第二取向膜未进行摩擦处理时的反射率和对比度对比曲线。
图12为单液晶盒显示面板盒间隙中填充有手性添加剂、第二有色染料和光聚合物，且盒间隙为不同厚度时的反射率和对比度对比曲线。
具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本公开实施例的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本公开实施例提供的一种显示面板、后视镜和交通设备作进一步详细描述。
在下文中将参考附图更充分地描述本公开实施例，但是所示的实施例可以以不同形式来体现，且不应当被解释为限于本公开阐述的实施例。反之，提供这些实施例的目的在于使本公开透彻和完整，并将使本领域技术人员充分理解本公开的范围。
本公开实施例不限于附图中所示的实施例，而是包括基于制造工艺而形成的配置的修改。因此，附图中例示的区具有示意性属性，并且图中所示区的形状例示了区的具体形状，但并不是旨在限制性的。
参照图1a，为公开技术中车辆后视镜工作在镜面反射模式时的示意图， 图1b为公开技术中车辆后视镜工作在防眩模式时的示意图；其中，车辆后视镜包括显示模组4和设置在显示模组4显示侧的液晶盒5，液晶盒5包括上下偏光片6，液晶盒5内的液晶分子7在电场作用下旋转，实现后视镜的镜面反射和防眩效果。
由于上下偏光片6会滤除部分光线，图1a中的后视镜在镜面反射模式时反射率只有42％左右，且需液晶盒5和显示模组4配合实现，这使得车辆后视镜的整体成本偏高。
针对公开技术中存在的上述问题，第一方面，本公开实施例提供一种显示面板，参照图2a和图2b，图2a为本公开实施例中一种显示面板在不加电时的液晶状态示意图；图2b为本公开实施例中一种显示面板在加电时的液晶状态示意图；其中，显示面板包括：反射层1和第一液晶盒2；第一液晶盒2包括第一基板21、第二基板22；第一基板21和第二基板22对合形成盒间隙；第一液晶盒2还包括第一电极23、第二电极24、第一取向膜25和第二取向膜26；第一电极23和第一取向膜25设置于第一基板21的靠近第二基板22的一侧，且依次远离第一基板21叠置；第二电极24和第二取向膜26设置于第二基板22的靠近第一基板21的一侧，且依次远离第二基板22叠置；反射层1位于第一取向膜25背离第二基板22的一侧；盒间隙中填充有负性液晶27和第一有色染料28。
其中，盒间隙中的负性液晶27和第一有色染料28构成宾主液晶，宾主液晶具有宾主效应，宾主效应是将沿长轴方向和短轴方向对可见光的吸收不同的二色性染料作为客体，溶于定向排列的液晶主体中。二色性染料将会“客随主变”地与液晶分子同向排列。当作为主体的液晶分子排列在电场作用下发生变化时，二色性染料分子排列方向也将随之而变化，即二色性染料对入射光的吸收也发生变化。
在一些实施例中，第一取向膜25和第二取向膜26的取向方向相互平行。
在一些实施例中，第一取向膜25的背离第一基板21的一侧还设置有垂直取向剂，第二取向膜26的背离第二基板22的一侧还设置有垂直取向剂。垂直取向剂可以采用聚酰亚胺垂直取向剂；也可以将表面活性物质如C 6H 13N(CH 2) 3Br、C 8H 17N(CH 3) 3Br、C 16H 33N(CH 3) 3Br涂在玻璃基板表面或直接加入到液晶中，都可得到垂直排列的分子取向；或者将聚酰胺、十八烷基丙二酸、苯甲基衍生物、长链季铵盐等极性端吸附于玻璃表面，非极性长链诱导液晶分子垂直排列；还可以采用表面偶联剂如RSi(OH) 3，其中，R为烷基等长链有机基团，有机基团向上延伸，可让液晶垂直定向。
在一些实施例中，第一电极23和第二电极24分别为面电极；反射层1位于第一基板21背离第二基板22的一侧。
在一些实施例中，第一电极23和第二电极24采用透光导电材料，如ITO，IGZO等；反射层1采用Ag、Al或MO/Al/Al等反射材料。
本实施例中，初始态时，参照图2a，第一电极23和第二电极24上未加电，宾主液晶分子为垂直取向，宾主液晶中的染料分子不吸光，可使经过第一液晶盒2照射至反射层1上的自然光大部分经过反射层1反射后经由第一液晶盒2出射，从而可使显示面板实现大于50％的反射率；第一电极23和第二电极24上加电后，宾主液晶分子按照第一取向膜25和第二取向膜26的取向方向进行旋转，参照图2b，宾主液晶中的染料分子吸收了一部分经过第一液晶盒2的光，从而降低了显示面板的反射光强度，实现了显示面板的防眩效果。本实施例中的显示面板用作后视镜时，该后视镜的防眩方式能实现毫秒级的防眩响应，可有效减小刹车距离，如时速100公里的汽车，后视镜在无防眩功能时其刹车距离为81米，本实施例中具有防眩功能的后视镜能够将汽车的刹车距离减小到42米，安全性高。
其中，第一有色染料28吸收光线的原理为：当第一电极23和第二电极24上加电时，染料分子随着液晶分子的转动而转动；当染料分子随液晶分子的转动其长轴和入射光的偏振方向相同时，该入射光大部分会被染料 分子吸收。当染料分子随液晶分子的转动其长轴和入射光的偏振方向垂直时，该入射光大部分会穿过染料分子而不会被吸收。参照图3，为第一电极和第二电极在不加电和加电时染料分子对不同波长入射光的吸收率曲线图。
本实施例中的显示面板在防眩状态时，由于宾主液晶中的染料分子旋转至其长轴方向平行于第一取向膜25和第二取向膜26的取向方向，宾主液晶中的染料分子只能吸收一个方向的入射光(即偏转方向与长轴方向相同的入射光)，所以显示面板的低态反射率(指防眩状态时的反射率)偏高，防眩效果一般。
在一些实施例中，第一有色染料28采用偶氮类、蒽醌类、萘酰亚胺类中的任意一种作为客体成分的二色性染料。本实施例中，第一有色染料28采用偶氮类，偶氮类染料的分子式为：
Figure PCTCN2022108877-appb-000001
在一些实施例中，染料的有序度S＝(3cos2θ-1)/2＝(N-1)/(N+2)，染料的有序度与其分子结构有关，分子结构包括分子长宽比、侧端或末端不同的取代基等。染料二向色性比N＝A||/A⊥＝(1+2S)/(1-S)；染料在液晶中的溶解度越高越好；在-40℃-90℃的工作温度下，染料需有较好的溶解性，不能有晶体析出。另外，含长链的烷基、烷氧基官能团，以及非对称的氨基取代基溶解度更高。
在一些实施例中，参照图4a和图4b，图4a为本公开实施例中另一种显示面板在不加电时的液晶状态示意图；图4b为本公开实施例中另一种显示面板在加电时的液晶状态示意图，在上述实施例显示面板结构的基础上，盒间隙中还填充有手性添加剂。手性添加剂在第一电极23和第二电极24加电作用下，可使宾主液晶分子实现带有螺距结构的扭曲态，从而吸收各方向的入射光，进一步提升防眩效果。
本实施例中，初始态时，参照图4a，第一电极23和第二电极24上未加电，宾主液晶分子为垂直取向，宾主液晶中的染料分子不吸光，可使经过第一液晶盒2照射至反射层1上的自然光大部分经过反射层1反射后经由第一液晶盒2出射，从而可使显示面板实现大于50％的反射率；第一电极23和第二电极24上加电后，宾主液晶分子在电场作用下旋转，在手性添加剂的作用下，能使宾主液晶实现带有螺距结构的扭曲态(即盒间隙内宾主液晶沿第二基板22向第一基板21的方向，宾主液晶分子在水平面内的扭曲程度先逐渐增大，再逐渐减小，也即盒间隙厚度的中间区域的宾主液晶分子在水平面内的扭曲程度较大，由中间区域向中间区域的上下两侧区域宾主液晶分子在水平面内的扭曲程度逐渐减小，水平面平行于第一基板21和第二基板22)，参照图4b，宾主液晶中的染料分子吸收了不同方向的大部分入射光，从而显著降低了显示面板的反射光强度，实现较好的防眩效果。
在一些实施例中，参照图5a和图5b，图5a为本公开实施例中又一种显示面板在不加电时的液晶状态示意图；图5b为本公开实施例中又一种显示面板在加电时的液晶状态示意图，与上述实施例中显示面板结构不同的是，第一取向膜25和第二取向膜26的取向方向相互正交。如第一取向膜25的取向方向为0°，第二取向膜26的取向方向为90°。本实施例中，盒间隙中还填充有手性添加剂。
本实施例中，初始态时，参照图5a，第一电极23和第二电极24上未加电，宾主液晶分子为垂直取向，宾主液晶中的染料分子不吸光，可使经过第一液晶盒2照射至反射层1上的自然光大部分经过反射层1反射后经由第一液晶盒2出射，从而可使显示面板实现大于50％的反射率；第一电极23和第二电极24上加电后，宾主液晶分子在电场作用下旋转，在手性添加剂的作用下，能使宾主液晶实现带有螺距结构的TN扭曲态(即盒间隙内宾主液晶沿第二基板22向第一基板21的方向，宾主液晶分子在水平面内的 扭曲程度逐渐减小，水平面平行于第一基板21和第二基板22)，参照图5b，宾主液晶中的染料分子吸收了不同方向的大部分入射光，从而显著降低了显示面板的反射光强度，实现较好的防眩效果。
在一些实施例中，在盒间隙中填充手性添加剂的情况下，施加到第一电极23和第二电极24上的驱动电压略有提升。
在一些实施例中，手性添加剂的分子结构不含强极性基团，分子骨架部上可引入环己烷(如环己基联苯、双环己基苯等)，苯环上引入F(氟)原子可增加脂溶性，乙炔键、-CH 2CH 2-、-CF 2O-等为桥键，末端连有手性基团。手性添加剂需有较大的HTP(手性添加剂的扭曲常数)值以及良好的光稳定性和化学稳定性，还需有较高的电压保持率(V.H.R.)；与宾主液晶中的主体液晶材料有良好的相溶性；不易被吸附剂(如硅胶或氧化铝)所吸附；螺距(手性添加剂能使液晶旋转形成周期性旋转结构，周期性旋转结构的最小周期长度为螺距)有小的温度相依性。
在一些实施例中，手性添加剂可以采用CB15、S811、R1011等中的任意一种。
在一些实施例中，手性添加剂的浓度c＜K33/(2dHTP·K22)；其中，K22，K33为液晶的弹性模量；d为盒间隙的厚度；HTP为手性添加剂的扭曲常数。
其中，手性添加剂能使液晶旋转形成周期性旋转结构，周期性旋转结构的最小周期长度为螺距，当螺距P＜2dK22/K33时，显示面板会产生指纹结构，其中，d为盒间隙的厚度，P为胆甾相液晶螺距，P＝1/(HTP·c)，HTP为手性添加剂的扭曲常数，c为手性添加剂的浓度，K22，K33为液晶的弹性模量。手性添加剂采用R1011，参照图6，为随R1011浓度的逐渐增大，显示面板的反射率曲线图；从图6中可见，当R1011在整个盒间隙填充物中的浓度达到0.7％时，在显微镜下观看，能看到指纹结构，显示面板反射率低，产生黑态，导致宾主液晶分子在初始态(即第一电极23和第二电极24上未加电)时的垂直取向失效，参照图7，为显示面板产生指纹结构时 的宾主液晶初始取向状态图，从图7中可见，宾主液晶分子在初始态时已经不是全部垂直取向，即垂直取向失效。为了避免显示面板产生指纹结构，需满足1/(HTP·c)＞2dK22/K33，也即手性添加剂的浓度需满足c＜K33/(2dHTP·K22)。
本实施例中，手性添加剂的含量使得液晶旋转形成的螺距为盒间隙厚度的100～200倍。如此使显示面板能实现较好的防眩效果。
在一些实施例中，参照图8，为本公开实施例中又一种显示面板的结构示意图，其中，第一电极23复用作反射层1。如此设置，使显示面板厚度减薄，结构简单，还具有一定的量产性。
在一些实施例中，参照图9a，为本公开实施例中又一种显示面板在不加电时的液晶状态示意图；图9b为本公开实施例中又一种显示面板在加电时的液晶状态示意图，与上述实施例中不同的是，在图2a和图2b中显示面板结构的基础上，本实施例中的显示面板还包括第二液晶盒3，第二液晶盒3与第一液晶盒2的结构相同；第二液晶盒3位于第一液晶盒2中第二基板22的远离第一基板21的一侧，且第二液晶盒3与第一液晶盒2相互叠置；第二液晶盒3中第一取向膜25和第二取向膜26的取向方向与第一液晶盒2中第一取向膜25和第二取向膜26的取向方向正交。
在一些实施例中，第二液晶盒3中的第一电极23和第二电极24采用透光材料；第一液晶盒2中的第二电极24采用透光材料；反射层1位于第一液晶盒2中第一基板21背离第二基板22的一侧，第一液晶盒2中的第一电极23采用透光材料。
在一些实施例中，第一液晶盒2中的第一电极23复用作反射层1，第一液晶盒中的第一电极23采用不透光材料。
本实施例中，初始态时，参照图9a，第一液晶盒2和第二液晶盒3的第一电极23和第二电极24上都未加电，两个液晶盒中的宾主液晶分子都为垂直取向，宾主液晶中的染料分子不吸光，可使依次经过第二液晶盒3 和第一液晶盒2照射至反射层1上的自然光大部分经过反射层1反射后依次经由第一液晶盒2和第二液晶盒3后出射，从而可使显示面板实现大于50％的反射率；但由于有两个液晶盒，不加电状态下显示面板的最高反射率略有降低，但仍然在50％以上。两液晶盒的第一电极23和第二电极24上加电后，参照图9b，如第一液晶盒2中的取向膜都是0°取向，第二液晶盒3中取向膜都是90°取向，入射光在经过第一液晶盒2时，0°方向的偏振光会被大部分吸收；入射光在经过第二液晶盒3时，另外的90°方向的偏振光也会被大部分吸收，从而降低了显示面板的反射光强度，提升了显示面板的防眩效果。
本实施例中，由第一液晶盒2和第二液晶盒3构成的显示面板，成本相对于单个液晶盒的显示面板有所提高，同时显示面板的最高反射率(即初始态时的反射率)会有所降低。
在一些实施例中，盒间隙中还填充有第二有色染料。如此能显著提升显示面板低态反射率(指防眩状态时的反射率)时的防眩效果，但不加电状态下显示面板的最高反射率会略有下降。
在一些实施例中，第二有色染料采用偶氮类、蒽醌类、萘酰亚胺类中的任意一种或多种。
在一些实施例中，第二有色染料在盒间隙中填充物中的质量占比范围为0～1％。在一些实施例中，第二有色染料在盒间隙中填充物中的质量占比范围为0.3～0.5％。
在一些实施例中，参照图10，为单液晶盒显示面板盒间隙中未填充第二有色染料，第一取向膜和第二取向膜经过摩擦(rubbing)处理与第一取向膜和第二取向膜未进行摩擦处理时的反射率和对比度对比曲线，其中，显示面板的盒间隙中填充有宾主液晶和手性添加剂R1011，宾主液晶的质量占比为99.6％，手性添加剂R1011的质量占比为0.4％。从图10中可见，第一取向膜和第二取向膜经过摩擦处理的显示面板方案，当第一电极23和第 二电极24之间的电压V＝0V时，反射率R％＝51％；当第一电极23和第二电极24之间的电压V＝10V时，反射率R％＝10％；对比度为5.0；而第一取向膜和第二取向膜未进行摩擦处理的显示面板方案，对比度为3.9。结论是：第一取向膜和第二取向膜经过摩擦处理的显示面板方案与第一取向膜和第二取向膜未进行摩擦处理的显示面板方案相比，对比度提升效果不是很明显。
在一些实施例中，参照图11，为单液晶盒显示面板盒间隙中填充有第二有色染料，第一取向膜和第二取向膜经过摩擦(rubbing)处理与第一取向膜和第二取向膜未进行摩擦处理时的反射率和对比度对比曲线，其中，显示面板的盒间隙中填充有宾主液晶和手性添加剂R1011，宾主液晶的质量占比为99.1％，手性添加剂R1011的质量占比为0.4％，第二有色染料如LG6#染料的质量占比为0.5％。从图11中可见，盒间隙中填充第二有色染料后，第一取向膜和第二取向膜经过摩擦处理的显示面板方案以及第一取向膜和第二取向膜未进行摩擦处理的显示面板方案的对比度都有提升，且其在显示面板不加电状态下的最高反射率下降到40％，低态反射率(指防眩状态时的反射率)为3.8％；同时，第一取向膜和第二取向膜经过摩擦处理的显示面板方案以及第一取向膜和第二取向膜未进行摩擦处理的显示面板方案，当第一电极23和第二电极24之间的电压V＝0V时，反射率R％＝44％；当第一电极23和第二电极24之间的电压V＝10V时，反射率R％＝4.37％；第一取向膜和第二取向膜经过摩擦处理的显示面板方案，对比度为10.5；第一取向膜和第二取向膜未进行摩擦处理的显示面板方案，对比度为10.1；即第一取向膜和第二取向膜经过摩擦处理的显示面板方案相对于第一取向膜和第二取向膜未进行摩擦处理的显示面板方案，对比度提升。
在一些实施例中，盒间隙中还填充有光聚合物。
参照图12，为单液晶盒显示面板盒间隙中填充有手性添加剂、第二有色染料和光聚合物，且盒间隙为不同厚度时的反射率和对比度对比曲线，其中，盒间隙中填充的负性液晶的质量占比为93.73％；手性添加剂R1011 的质量占比为0.4％；第一有色染料和第二有色染料S428的质量占比为4％；光聚合物RM257的质量占比为1.7％；光引发剂1819的质量占比为0.17％；盒间隙的厚度分别为3μm、4μm和5μm。从图12中可见，盒间隙的厚度越小，显示面板在初始态时的反射率越高，且显示面板的低态反射率(指防眩状态时的反射率)也越高；盒间隙的厚度越小，显示面板的对比度也越低，盒间隙中填充光聚合物，可提升显示面板的对比度。
本公开实施例中所提供的显示面板，通过采用宾主液晶，或者进一步在宾主液晶中填充手性添加剂，通过第一取向膜和第二取向膜对宾主液晶进行初始取向，且宾主液晶在第一电极和第二电极之间形成的电场作用下以及第一取向膜和第二取向膜的辅助取向作用下进行转动，能够实现显示面板在不加电的初始态下大于50％的光线反射率以及加电时较佳的防眩效果，显示面板用作后视镜时，该后视镜的防眩方式能实现毫秒级的防眩响应，可有效减小刹车距离，安全性高，同时，该显示面板无需采用偏光片，从而大大降低了成本。
第二方面，本公开实施例还提供一种后视镜，包括上述实施例中的显示面板。
通过采用上述实施例中的显示面板，使该后视镜能实现毫秒级的防眩响应，减小了配置该后视镜的交通设备的刹车距离，确保了交通设备的安全性；同时，还降低了交通设备后视镜成本。
第三方面，本公开实施例还提供一种交通设备，包括上述实施例中的后视镜。
通过采用上述实施例中的后视镜，使该交通设备能实现毫秒级的防眩响应，减小了该交通设备的刹车距离，确保了交通设备的安全性；同时，还降低了交通设备后视镜成本。
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本公开的原理而采用的 示例性实施方式，然而本公开并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本公开的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种显示面板，其中，包括：反射层和第一液晶盒；
    所述第一液晶盒包括第一基板、第二基板；所述第一基板和所述第二基板对合形成盒间隙；
    所述第一液晶盒还包括第一电极、第二电极、第一取向膜和第二取向膜；
    所述第一电极和所述第一取向膜设置于所述第一基板的靠近所述第二基板的一侧，且依次远离所述第一基板叠置；
    所述第二电极和所述第二取向膜设置于所述第二基板的靠近所述第一基板的一侧，且依次远离所述第二基板叠置；
    所述反射层位于所述第一取向膜背离所述第二基板的一侧；
    所述盒间隙中填充有负性液晶和第一有色染料。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中，所述盒间隙中还填充有手性添加剂。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一取向膜和所述第二取向膜的取向方向相互平行。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一取向膜和所述第二取向膜的取向方向相互正交。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4任意一项所述的显示面板，其中，所述手性添加剂的浓度c＜K33/(2dHTP·K22)；
    其中，K22，K33为液晶的弹性模量；d为所述盒间隙的厚度；HTP为手 性添加剂的扭曲常数。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的显示面板，其中，所述手性添加剂的含量使得液晶旋转形成的螺距为所述盒间隙厚度的100～200倍。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一电极和所述第二电极分别为面电极；
    所述第一电极复用作所述反射层；或者，所述反射层位于所述第一基板背离所述第二基板的一侧。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的显示面板，其中，还包括第二液晶盒，所述第二液晶盒与所述第一液晶盒的结构相同；
    所述第二液晶盒位于所述第一液晶盒中所述第二基板的远离所述第一基板的一侧，且所述第二液晶盒与所述第一液晶盒相互叠置；
    所述第二液晶盒中所述第一取向膜和所述第二取向膜的取向方向与所述第一液晶盒中所述第一取向膜和所述第二取向膜的取向方向正交。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的显示面板，其中，所述第二液晶盒中的所述第一电极和所述第二电极采用透光材料；
    所述第一液晶盒中的所述第二电极采用透光材料；
    所述反射层位于所述第一液晶盒中所述第一基板背离所述第二基板的一侧，所述第一液晶盒中的所述第一电极采用透光材料；
    或者，所述第一液晶盒中的所述第一电极复用作所述反射层，所述第一液晶盒中的所述第一电极采用不透光材料。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的显示面板，其中，所述盒间隙中还填充有 第二有色染料。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的显示面板，其中，所述第二有色染料在所述盒间隙中填充物中的质量占比范围为0～1％。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的显示面板，其中，所述第二有色染料在所述盒间隙中填充物中的质量占比范围为0.3～0.5％。
  13. 根据权利要求10-12任意一项所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一有色染料采用偶氮类、蒽醌类、萘酰亚胺类中的任意一种；
    所述第二有色染料采用偶氮类、蒽醌类、萘酰亚胺类中的任意一种或多种。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的显示面板，其中，所述盒间隙中还填充有光聚合物。
  15. 一种后视镜，其中，包括权利要求1-14任意一项所述的显示面板。
  16. 一种交通设备，其中，包括权利要求15所述的后视镜。
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