WO2024007236A1 - 活泼金属处理装置 - Google Patents

活泼金属处理装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024007236A1
WO2024007236A1 PCT/CN2022/104289 CN2022104289W WO2024007236A1 WO 2024007236 A1 WO2024007236 A1 WO 2024007236A1 CN 2022104289 W CN2022104289 W CN 2022104289W WO 2024007236 A1 WO2024007236 A1 WO 2024007236A1
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Prior art keywords
active metal
solvent
sub
liquid
main body
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PCT/CN2022/104289
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
卢毅
费新路
谢琴妍
陈仕通
谢斌
李克强
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/104289 priority Critical patent/WO2024007236A1/zh
Publication of WO2024007236A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024007236A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
    • B02C23/36—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy the crushing or disintegrating zone being submerged in liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the field of metal processing technology, and particularly relates to an active metal processing device.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an active metal processing device, which can facilitate the safe recovery of active metals and solvents.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an active metal processing device, including a processing mechanism, a feeding mechanism and a transmission mechanism.
  • the processing mechanism has a processing chamber for accommodating processing liquid; the feeding mechanism is used for accommodating a mixture including active metal and solvent; the transmission mechanism is used for connecting the feeding mechanism and the processing mechanism, and the The transmission mechanism includes a discharge port connected to the processing chamber, and the discharge port is located below the liquid level of the processing liquid.
  • the active metal can be completely covered in the treatment liquid, and the active metal can be fully reacted with the treatment liquid.
  • the external environment can be isolated. Such as air, etc., which have an impact on the reaction process between active metals and treatment liquids. Thirdly, it can keep the reaction in a liquid environment, speed up the dissipation of reaction heat, and prevent safety problems caused by heat accumulation.
  • the transmission mechanism also includes a main body and a power source and sub-tube body connected to the main body.
  • the power source is used to inject airflow into the main body to drive The mixture of active metal and solvent moves in the main main body and the sub-tube body.
  • One end of the main main body is connected to the power source, and the other end is set as the discharge port.
  • One end of the sub-tube body It is connected with the main body, and the other end is connected with the feeding mechanism.
  • the rapid flow of gas in the main tube body can also form a negative pressure, which facilitates the rapid movement of the mixture in the sub-tube body. to the main body.
  • the main body is provided with a feeding port for communicating with the sub-pipe bodies, and the main body on the side of the feeding port away from the power source is provided with a feeding port.
  • the diameter of the narrow mouth is smaller than the average diameter of the main body.
  • a siphon effect can be generated at the feeding port, so that the mixture in the sub-tube body is sucked into the main tube body, effectively increasing the moving speed of the mixture.
  • the generated The siphon effect can also keep the air in the sub-tube body in a flowing state, allowing the mixture to move with the air flow, reducing the contact of light active metals and solvents with the sub-tube body, and preventing light active metals and solvents from adhering to the sub-tube body the inner surface.
  • the main body includes a drop section, the height of the drop section gradually decreases in a direction toward the discharge port, and the feed port is provided in the drop section.
  • the mixture removed from the feed port can be reduced from moving to the power source side.
  • the density of the treatment liquid is greater than the density of the solvent.
  • the solvent can naturally float to the surface of the treatment liquid and deposit at the liquid surface, which facilitates subsequent separation of the solvent.
  • the processing mechanism includes a housing, a liquid outlet connected to the processing chamber is provided on the housing, and the height of the liquid level is lower than the height of the liquid outlet. high.
  • the solvent can automatically overflow from the liquid outlet after accumulating a certain amount, which facilitates the recovery of the solvent.
  • the processing mechanism further includes a filter element, which is disposed between the discharge port and the liquid surface and is used to block the flow of the active metal into the liquid. face movement.
  • the arrangement of the filter elements can prevent active metals from moving to the liquid surface, causing the reaction process to be interfered by external factors and causing safety issues.
  • the processing mechanism further includes an exhaust member, which is disposed on an end of the housing away from the processing liquid to promote the flow of water in the processing chamber. Gas is discharged.
  • Adopting the above structure and providing an exhaust component can promote the rapid discharge of air in the housing and prevent excessive accumulation of products obtained from the reaction between active metals and treatment liquids, which may cause safety problems.
  • the feeding mechanism includes a storage part and a feeding part.
  • the storage part is used to store the mixture of the active metal and the solvent.
  • the feeding part is connected to the The material storage part and the sub-tube body are used to transfer the mixture of active metal and solvent stored in the material storage part to the sub-tube body.
  • the feeding structure can have a certain storage capacity by arranging the storage parts and the feeding parts.
  • a weighing structure is provided on the feeding member for measuring the weight of the mixture of active metal and solvent transferred to the sub-tube body.
  • the speed at which the feeding member transports the mixture of active metal and solvent to the sub-tube body is V, satisfying V ⁇ 1g/s.
  • the mixture volume in the sub-tube body can be effectively controlled, so that the mixture can follow the air flow in the sub-tube body, preventing the mixture volume in the sub-tube body from exceeding the carrying capacity of the air flow, resulting in a reduction in the mixture transfer speed. , or the mixture adheres to the inner surface of the sub-tube.
  • the reaction intensity of the active metal and the treatment liquid can also be controlled, preventing violent reactions and improving device safety.
  • the active metal processing device further includes a recovery mechanism, the recovery mechanism includes a liquid outlet pipeline and a tank body, the liquid outlet pipeline is connected to the liquid outlet, It is used to transfer the solvent collected by the processing mechanism to the tank body, and the tank body can heat and remove the moisture in the solvent in the tank body.
  • the recovery mechanism includes a liquid outlet pipeline and a tank body, the liquid outlet pipeline is connected to the liquid outlet, It is used to transfer the solvent collected by the processing mechanism to the tank body, and the tank body can heat and remove the moisture in the solvent in the tank body.
  • the solvent at the processing separation point can be received and the moisture in the solvent can be removed.
  • the active metal processing device of the embodiment of the present application by arranging the discharge port below the liquid level of the treatment liquid, firstly, the active metal can be completely covered in the treatment liquid, and the active metal can be promoted Fully react with the treatment liquid. Secondly, it can isolate the influence of the external environment, such as air, etc., on the reaction process between active metals and the treatment liquid. Thirdly, it can keep the reaction in a liquid environment, speed up the dissipation of reaction heat, and prevent safety caused by heat accumulation. question.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an active metal processing device provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the pass in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 .
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an active metal processing device provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the pass in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 .
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art understand, both explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two).
  • multiple groups refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to It is more than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • a battery usually includes a casing, an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly is an important part of the battery's electrochemical process and usually consists of a pole piece and a separator.
  • the pole piece includes a positive pole piece and a negative pole piece.
  • the electrochemical process mainly relies on the movement of metal ions between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  • a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI film) will be formed.
  • SEI film will consume metal ions in the pole piece.
  • the formation of the SEI film will consume Part of the lithium causes lithium loss, thereby reducing the battery's discharge capacity and first charge and discharge rate.
  • a feeding device is usually used to replenish active metals on the surface of the pole piece during the pole piece forming process.
  • a lithium replenishing device is used to replenish active lithium on the surface of the pole piece, thereby improving the battery's discharge capacity and first charge and discharge rate.
  • the calendering process and the laminating process are usually used.
  • the calendering process is to thin the active metal strip through rolling to form a metal film
  • the laminating process is to laminate the metal film to the pole through rolling. surface of the piece.
  • the calendering process and the laminating process for replenishing materials will produce a lot of waste.
  • the waste is mainly composed of a mixture of active metals and solvents, and the mixture of active metals and solvents needs to be separated.
  • the chemical properties of active metals are active, their separation and processing are difficult, and their safety is low.
  • the inventors found that the chemical properties are active. Although the safety of the separation process is reduced, it also means that reactions are more likely to occur.
  • the active metals in the mixture can be removed first through reaction, and then Separate the solvent from the reactants to realize the recycling of active metals and solvents.
  • the inventor of the present application designed an active metal processing device after in-depth research.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an active metal processing device provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • this application provides an active metal processing device, including a processing mechanism 1, a feeding mechanism 2 and a transmission mechanism 3.
  • the processing mechanism 1 has a processing chamber 11 for accommodating the processing liquid 12; the feeding mechanism 2 is used for accommodating a mixture including active metals and solvents; the transmission mechanism 3 is used to connect the feeding mechanism 2 and the processing mechanism 1, and the transmission mechanism 3 includes a communication
  • the discharge port 31 of the processing chamber 11 is located below the liquid level 13 of the processing liquid 12 .
  • the treatment mechanism 1 is used to provide a place for the reaction of the active metal and the treatment liquid 12, such as a reaction tank, a reaction kettle, etc.
  • the treatment liquid 12 is used for reaction to remove active metals, and the treatment liquid 12 is immiscible with the solvent, such as deionized water.
  • the active metal may be one of lithium, sodium, potassium, etc.
  • the feeding mechanism 2 is used to cache and quantitatively provide a mixture of active metals and solvents.
  • a spiral feeding cylinder can be used.
  • the solvent can be a solvent used to passivate active metals in battery production, such as silicone oil.
  • the transmission mechanism 3 is used to transmit the mixture of active metal and solvent, for example, a transmission pipeline can be used.
  • the mixture of active metals and solvents is discharged under the liquid surface 13 of the treatment liquid 12.
  • the active metals react quickly with the treatment to generate hydroxide and hydrogen gas that are soluble in water.
  • the hydrogen gas flows from the liquid surface along with the direction of the air flow. 13 escapes, the solvent and the treatment liquid 12 are immiscible, and float to the liquid surface 13 or sink to the bottom of the treatment liquid 12 according to the density relationship between the solvent and the treatment liquid 12.
  • the active metal By arranging the outlet 31 below the liquid level 13 of the treatment liquid 12 , firstly, the active metal can be completely covered in the treatment liquid 12 , thereby promoting the full reaction between the active metal and the treatment liquid 12 , and secondly, the external environment can be isolated. , such as air, etc., have an impact on the reaction process between the active metal and the treatment liquid 12. Thirdly, it can make the reaction in a liquid environment, speed up the dissipation of reaction heat, and prevent safety problems caused by heat accumulation.
  • the density of the solvent is different from the density of the treatment liquid 12 .
  • the density of the solvent is greater than the density of the treatment liquid 12 .
  • the density of the solvent is less than the density of the treatment liquid 12 .
  • the transmission mechanism 3 also includes a main body 32, a power source 33 and a sub-tube body 34 connected to the main body 32, and the power source 33 is used to supply power to the main body 32.
  • 32 sprays airflow to drive the mixture of active metal and solvent to move in the main body 32 and the sub-tube body 34.
  • One end of the main body 32 is connected to the power source 33, and the other end is set as a discharge port 31.
  • One end of the sub-tube body 34 is connected to the power source 33.
  • the main body 32 is connected, and the other end is connected to the feeding mechanism 2 .
  • the power source 33 By setting the power source 33, it can provide driving force for the mixture of active metal and solvent to move toward the discharge port 31. Secondly, the rapid flow of gas in the main tube 32 can also form a negative pressure, which facilitates the movement of the mixture in the sub-tube 34. Quickly move into the main body 32.
  • the power source 33 may use a negative pressure mechanism, such as an air compressor, to drive the gas in the main body 32 to move from the power source 33 to the discharge port 31 .
  • a negative pressure mechanism such as an air compressor
  • the main body 32 can be a pipeline structure, with a power source 33 provided at one end and a discharge port 31 at the other end.
  • the sub-pipe body 34 is connected to the portion of the main body 32 between the power source 33 and the discharge port 31 .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the pass 35 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the main body 32 is provided with a feeding port 36 for communicating with the sub-tube bodies 34, and the feeding port 36 is away from the main tube on the side of the power source 33.
  • the body 32 is provided with a pass 35, and the diameter of the pass 35 is smaller than the average diameter of the main body 32.
  • the siphon effect generated can also keep the air in the sub-tube body 34 in a flowing state, causing the mixture to follow the air flow, reducing the contact of light active metals and solvents with the sub-tube body 34, and preventing light active metals and solvents from coming into contact with the sub-tube body 34.
  • the solvent adheres to the inner surface of the sub-tube body 34 .
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an active metal processing device provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the pass 35 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the transmission mechanism 3 also includes a pressurizing member 37.
  • the pressurizing member 37 is a three-way mechanism, including a first end 371, a second end 372 and a branch end 373.
  • the pass 35 Disposed on the side of the branch end 373 away from the first end 371, the main tube 32 includes a first part 310 and a second part 320.
  • One end of the first part 310 is connected to the first end 371, and the other end is connected to the power source 33.
  • the sub-tube body 34 and The branch end 373 is connected, one end of the second part 320 is connected to the second end 372, and the other end is the discharge port 31.
  • the pressurizing member 37 may be a venturi tube.
  • the main body 32 includes a drop section, the height of the drop section gradually decreases in the direction toward the discharge port 31, and the feed port 36 is provided in the drop section.
  • the mixture removed from the feeding port 36 can be reduced from moving toward the power source 33 side.
  • the feeding mechanism 2 can be higher than the liquid level 13 to facilitate the movement of the mixture of active metals and solvents.
  • the power source 33 can be arranged below the feeding mechanism 2 to reduce the support part in the structure.
  • the main body 32 is arranged in a zigzag shape. , including two straight parts with obvious height changes and a horizontal part with insignificant height changes. The tops of the two straight parts are connected to the two ends of the horizontal parts respectively.
  • the bottom end of one of the two straight parts is connected to the power source 33 Connected to each other, the bottom end of the other one is provided with a discharge port 31, and the falling section is a straight portion where the discharge port 31 is provided.
  • the density of the treatment liquid 12 is greater than the density of the solvent.
  • the solvent can naturally float to the surface of the treatment liquid 12 and be deposited at the liquid surface 13 to facilitate subsequent separation of the solvent.
  • the solvent is silicone oil.
  • the processing mechanism 1 includes a shell.
  • the shell is provided with a liquid outlet 14 connected to the processing chamber 11, and the height of the liquid level 13 is lower than the outlet.
  • the height of liquid port 14. By arranging the liquid outlet 14 higher than the liquid level 13, the solvent can automatically overflow from the liquid outlet 14 after accumulating a certain amount, thereby facilitating the recovery of the solvent.
  • the liquid outlet 14 is connected with the processing chamber 11 .
  • the processing mechanism 1 also includes a filter element, which is disposed between the discharge port 31 and the liquid surface 13 to prevent active metals from moving toward the liquid surface 13 .
  • a filter element which is disposed between the discharge port 31 and the liquid surface 13 to prevent active metals from moving toward the liquid surface 13 .
  • the active metal can be prevented from moving to the liquid level 13, causing the reaction process to be interfered by external factors and causing safety issues.
  • the filter element can be a filter screen.
  • the processing mechanism 1 also includes an exhaust component, which is disposed on an end of the housing away from the processing liquid 12 to promote the discharge of gas in the processing chamber 11 .
  • an exhaust component which is disposed on an end of the housing away from the processing liquid 12 to promote the discharge of gas in the processing chamber 11 .
  • the exhaust component can be an exhaust fan or a space compressor to promote the rapid discharge of hydrogen gas from the processing chamber 11.
  • the feeding mechanism 2 includes a storage part 21 and a feeding part 22.
  • the storage part 21 is used to store a mixture of active metals and solvents.
  • the feeding part 22 is connected to the storage part 21 and the sub-tube body 34, and is used to transfer the mixture of active metals and solvents stored in the storage part 21 to the sub-tube body 34.
  • the feeding structure can have a certain storage capacity.
  • the feeding part 22 may be a screw feeder
  • the storage part 21 may be a storage tank
  • the outlet of the storage part 21 is connected to the inlet of the feeding part 22 .
  • a weighing structure is provided on the feeding member 22 for measuring the weight of the mixture of active metal and solvent transferred to the sub-tube body 34 .
  • the weighing structure may be a weight sensor.
  • the speed at which the feeding member 22 transports the mixture of active metal and solvent to the sub-tube body 34 is V, satisfying V ⁇ 1g/s.
  • V the speed at which the feeding member 22 transports the mixture of active metal and solvent to the sub-tube body 34.
  • the speed at which the feeding member 22 transfers the mixture of active metal and solvent to the sub-tube body 34 can be one of 0.1g/s, 0.3g/s, 0.5g/s, 0.7g/s, and 1g/s.
  • the active metal processing device also includes a recovery mechanism 4.
  • the recovery mechanism 4 includes a liquid outlet pipeline 41 and a tank 42.
  • the liquid outlet pipeline 41 and The liquid outlet 14 is connected and is used to transfer the solvent collected by the processing mechanism 1 to the tank 42 .
  • the tank 42 can heat and remove moisture in the solvent in the tank 42 .
  • a heating element such as a heating tube, etc.
  • a heating element such as a heating tube, etc.
  • a heating element may be provided outside the tank 42 for heating the stored solvent.
  • this application provides an active metal processing device, including a processing mechanism 1, a feeding mechanism 2 and a transmission mechanism 3.
  • the processing mechanism 1 has a processing chamber 11 for accommodating the processing liquid 12; the feeding mechanism 2 is used for accommodating a mixture including active metals and solvents; the transmission mechanism 3 is used to connect the feeding mechanism 2 and the processing mechanism 1, and the transmission mechanism 3 includes a communication
  • the discharge port 31 of the processing chamber 11 is located below the liquid level 13 of the processing liquid 12 .
  • the transmission mechanism 3 also includes a main body 32 and a power source 33 and a sub-tube body 34 connected to the main body 32.
  • the power source 33 is used to inject airflow into the main body 32 to drive the mixture of active metal and solvent in the main body 32 and the main body 32.
  • the sub-tube body 34 moves inside, one end of the main tube body 32 is connected to the power source 33, and the other end is set as a discharge port 31.
  • One end of the sub-tube body 34 is connected to the main tube body 32, and the other end is connected to the feeding mechanism 2.
  • the main body 32 is provided with a feeding port 36 for communicating with the sub-tubes 34.
  • the main body 32 on the side of the feeding port 36 away from the power source 33 is provided with a narrow mouth 35.
  • the diameter of the narrow mouth 35 is smaller than the average diameter of the main body 32. .
  • the main body 32 includes a drop section, the height of the drop section gradually decreases in the direction toward the discharge port 31 , and the feed port 36 is provided in the drop section.
  • the density of the treatment liquid 12 is greater than the density of the solvent.
  • the processing mechanism 1 includes a shell. The shell is provided with a liquid outlet 14 communicating with the treatment chamber 11 . The height of the liquid level 13 is lower than the height of the liquid outlet 14 .
  • the processing mechanism 1 also includes a filter element, which is disposed between the discharge port 31 and the liquid surface 13 to prevent active metal from moving toward the liquid surface 13 .
  • the processing mechanism 1 also includes an exhaust component, which is disposed on an end of the housing away from the processing liquid 12 to promote the discharge of gas in the processing chamber 11 .
  • the feeding mechanism 2 includes a storage part 21 and a feeding part 22. The storage part 21 is used to store a mixture of active metals and solvents.
  • the feeding part 22 is connected to the storage part 21 and the sub-tube 34 and is used to store the storage part 21 and the sub-tube 34.
  • the mixture of active metals and solvents stored in piece 21 is transferred to sub-tube 34.
  • the speed at which the feeding part 22 transfers the mixture of active metal and solvent to the sub-tube body 34 is V, which satisfies V ⁇ 1g/s.
  • the active metal processing device also includes a recovery mechanism 4.
  • the recovery mechanism 4 includes a liquid outlet pipe 41 and a tank 42.
  • the liquid outlet pipeline 41 is connected to the liquid outlet 14 and is used to transfer the solvent collected by the treatment mechanism 1 to the tank. 42.
  • the tank body 42 can be heated to remove moisture in the solvent in the tank body 42.
  • the active metal processing device of the embodiment of the present application by arranging the discharge port 31 below the liquid level 13 of the processing liquid 12 , first, the active metal can be completely covered in the processing liquid 12 , to promote the full reaction between the active metal and the treatment liquid 12. Secondly, it can isolate the influence of the external environment, such as air, etc., on the reaction process between the active metal and the treatment liquid 12. Thirdly, it can keep the reaction in a liquid environment and speed up the dissipation of reaction heat. , to prevent heat accumulation from causing safety issues.

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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种活泼金属处理装置，包括处理机构(1)、给料机构(2)及与处理机构(1)和给料机构(2)连接的传输机构(3)；所述处理机构(1)具有容纳处理液的处理腔(11)，所述给料机构(2)用于容纳包括活泼金属和溶剂的混合物，所述传输机构(3)包括连通所述处理腔(11)的位于液面下的出料口(31)。提供了一种能够有效分离并安全回收电池生产中产生的活泼金属和溶剂的装置。

Description

活泼金属处理装置 技术领域
本申请属于金属处理技术领域，尤其涉及一种活泼金属处理装置。
背景技术
在工业中，物料回收处理是许多门类生产的重要环境，而随着技术的不断进步，通用的回收处理设备难以应对越来越复杂的生产需要。如在电池生产中，容易产生活泼金属和溶剂的混合物，相关分离设备的回收处理工作安全性较低。
申请内容
本申请实施方式提供了一种活泼金属处理装置，能够便于活泼金属和溶剂的安全回收。
本申请实施方式提供了一种活泼金属处理装置，包括处理机构、给料机构及传输机构。所述处理机构具有用于容纳处理液的处理腔；所述给料机构用于容纳包括活泼金属和溶剂的混合物；所述传输机构用于连接所述给料机构和所述处理机构，所述传输机构包括连通所述处理腔的出料口，所述出料口位于所述处理液的液面下。
采用上述结构，通过将出料口设置于处理液的液面之下，首先，能够使活泼金属被完全包覆于处理液中，促进活泼金属与处理液充分反应，其次，能够隔绝外部环境，如空气等，对活泼金属与处理液反应过程的影响，其三，能够使反应处于液体环境中，加快反应热的散失，防止热量积蓄引发安全问题。
在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，所述传输机构还包括主管体及与所述主管体相连接的动力源及子管体，所述动力源用于向所述主管体内喷射气流，驱动所述活泼金属和溶剂的混合物在所述主管体及所述子管体 内移动，所述主管体一端与所述动力源相连接，另一端设置为所述出料口，所述子管体一端与所述主管体相连通，另一端与所述给料机构相连接。
采用上述结构，通过设置动力源，能够为活泼金属和溶剂的混合物向出料口移动提供驱动力，其次，主管体内的气体快速流动，也能够形成负压，便于子管体内的混合物，快速移动至主管体内。
在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，所述主管体上设置有用于连通所述子管体的给料口，所述给料口远离所述动力源一侧的所述主管体上设置有隘口，所述隘口处的直径小于所述主管体的平均直径。
采用上述结构，通过设置隘口，能够在主管体内的空气快速流动时，在给料口处产生虹吸作用，使子管体内的混合物被吸入主管体内，有效提高混合物的移动速度，其次，所产生的虹吸作用也能够使子管体内的空气处于流动状态，使的混合物跟随气流移动，减少轻质的活泼金属和溶剂与子管体相接触，防止轻质的活泼金属和溶剂粘附于子管体的内表面。
在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，所述主管体包括下落段，所述下落段的高度在朝向所述出料口的方向上逐渐降低，所述给料口设置于所述下落段。
采用上述结构，通过设置下落段，能够减少给料口处移出的混合物向动力源一侧移动。
在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，所述处理液密度大于所述溶剂密度。
采用上述结构，通过将处理液的密度设置为大于溶剂的密度，能够使溶剂自然上浮至处理液表面，并在液面处沉积，便于后续分离溶剂。
在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，所述处理机构包括壳体，所述壳体上设置有连通所述处理腔的出液口，所述液面的高度低于所述出液口的高度。
采用上述结构，通过设置高于液面的出液口，能够在溶剂积蓄一定量后，自动从出液口溢出，便于溶剂的回收。
在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，所述处理机构还包括滤件，所述滤件设置于所述出料口与所述液面之间，用于阻挡所述活泼金属向所述 液面移动。
采用上述结构，通过滤件的设置，能够防止活泼金属移动至液面，导致反应过程受到外界因素的干扰，引发安全问题。
在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，所述处理机构还包括排气件，所述排气件设置于所述壳体上远离所述处理液的一端，用于促进所述处理腔内的气体排出。
采用上述结构，通过设置排气件，能够促进壳体内空气的快速排出，防止活泼金属与处理液反应所得产物的过量累积，引发安全问题。
在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，所述给料机构包括储料件及与给料件，所述储料件用于存储所述活泼金属和溶剂的混合物，所述给料件连接所述储料件及所述子管体，用于将所述储料件储存的所述活泼金属和溶剂的混合物转移至所述子管体。
采用上述结构，通过设置储料件及给料件，能够使给料结构具备一定储存能力。
在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，所述给料件上设置有称重结构，用于测量转移至所述子管体的所述活泼金属和溶剂的混合物的重量。
采用上述结构，通过设置称重结构，便于给料件定量向子管体转移混合物。
在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，所述给料件向所述子管体传输所述活泼金属和溶剂的混合物的速度为V，满足，V≤1g/s。
采用上述结构，通过对传输速度的限制，能够有效控制子管体内的混合物容量，使混合物能够跟随气流在子管体内移动，防止子管体内的混合物容量超过气流的承载量，导致混合物转移速度降低，或者混合物粘附于子管体内表面，其次，通过对传输速度的限制，也能够控制活泼金属与处理液的反应强度，防止剧烈反应，提高装置安全性。
在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，所述活泼金属处理装置还包括回收机构，所述回收机构包括出液管路及槽体，所述出液管路与所述出液口相连接，用于将所述处理机构收集的溶剂转移至所述槽体，所述槽体能够加热去除所述槽体内的所述溶剂中的水分。
采用上述结构，通过设置回收机构，能够接收处理分离处的溶剂，并去除溶剂中的水分。
与相关技术相比，本申请实施方式的活泼金属处理装置中，通过将出料口设置于处理液的液面之下，首先，能够使活泼金属被完全包覆于处理液中，促进活泼金属与处理液充分反应，其次，能够隔绝外部环境，如空气等，对活泼金属与处理液反应过程的影响，其三，能够使反应处于液体环境中，加快反应热的散失，防止热量积蓄引发安全问题。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施方式的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施方式中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的活泼金属处理装置的结构示意图。
图2为图1所示实施例中隘口处的结构示意图。
图3为本申请另一些实施例提供的活泼金属处理装置的结构示意图。
图4为图3所示实施例中隘口处的结构示意图。
附图中：1、处理机构；11、处理腔；12、处理液；13、液面；14、出液口；2、给料机构；21、储料件；22、给料件；3、传输机构；31、出料口；32、主管体；33、动力源；34、子管体；35、隘口；36、给料口；37、加压件；371、第一端；372、第二端；373、支路端；310、第一部分；320、第二部分；4、回收机构；41、出液管路；42、槽体。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施方式进行详细的描述。以下实施方式仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申 请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施方式的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。
在本文中提及“实施方式”意味着，结合实施方式描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施方式中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施方式，也不是与其它实施方式互斥的独立的或备选的实施方式。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施方式可以与其它实施方式相结合。
在本申请实施方式的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施方式的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施方式的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施方式和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施方式的限制。
在本申请实施方式的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也 可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施方式中的具体含义。
电池技术的发展中，不仅需要考虑多方面的设计因素，还需要同时考虑电池生产工作，如生产速度、生产效率等，其中，电池生产中的安全性，已经成为制约电池进一步发展的重要阻碍之一。
电池通常包括壳体、电极组件及电解液，电极组件是电池完成电化学过程的重要部分，通常由极片和隔离件组成，极片包括正极片和负极片。电化学过程主要依靠金属离子在正极片和负极片之间移动实现。
发明人注意到，电池在首次充放电过程中，会形成固体电解质膜(solidelectrolyte interphase，SEI膜)，SEI膜的形成会消耗极片中金属离子，如锂离子电池中，SEI膜的形成会消耗部分锂，造成锂损失，从而使得电池的放电容量和首次充放电倍率降低。相关技术中，为了减少电池在首次充电过程中电池容量的不可逆降低，通常在极片成型过程中，采用补料装置在极片的表面补充活泼金属，如锂离子电池中，在极片成型过程时，采用补锂装置在极片的表面补充活性锂，以此提高电池的放电容量和首次充放电倍率。在极片的补料工作中，通常采用压延工艺和覆合工艺，压延工艺是通过辊压将活泼金属带压薄以形成金属膜，覆合工艺则是通过辊压将金属膜覆合到极片的表面。而采用压延工艺和覆合工艺进行补料工作，均会产生较多的废料，该废料的主要组成为活泼金属和溶剂的混合物，需要对活泼金属和溶剂的混合物进行分离处理。但是活泼金属的化学性质活泼，分离处理难度较大，且安全性较低。
为了解决活泼金属和溶剂的混合物分离处理问题，发明人研究发现，化学性质活泼，虽然导致分离处理的安全性降低，但是也意味着更易发生反应，可以通过反应先去除混合物中的活泼金属，再将溶剂与反应物分离，实现对活泼金属和溶剂的回收利用。
基于以上考虑，本申请发明人经过深入研究，设计了一种活泼金属处理装置。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的活泼金属处理装置的结构示意图。
如图1所示，本申请提供了一种活泼金属处理装置，包括处理机构1、给料机构2及传输机构3。处理机构1具有用于容纳处理液12的处理腔11；给料机构2用于容纳包括活泼金属和溶剂的混合物；传输机构3用于连接给料机构2和处理机构1，传输机构3包括连通处理腔11的出料口31，出料口31位于处理液12的液面13下。
处理机构1用于为活泼金属与处理液12反应提供场所，如可采用反应罐、反应釜等。处理液12用于反应去除活泼金属，且处理液12与溶剂不混溶，如可为去离子水。活泼金属可为锂、钠、钾等中的一者。
给料机构2用于缓存及定量提供活泼金属和溶剂的混合物，如可采用螺旋给料筒等。溶剂可为电池生产中用于钝化活泼金属的溶剂，如可为硅油。
传输机构3用于传输活泼金属和溶剂的混合物，如可采用传输管路。处理过程中，活泼金属和溶剂的混合物被排放于处理液12的液面13下，活泼金属快速与处理反应，生成能够溶于水的氢氧化物和氢气，氢气随着气流方向，从液面13逸出，溶剂和处理液12不混溶，根据溶剂和处理液12的密度关系上浮至液面13上，或下沉至处理液12底部。
通过将出料口31设置于处理液12的液面13之下，首先，能够使活泼金属被完全包覆于处理液12中，促进活泼金属与处理液12充分反应，其次，能够隔绝外部环境，如空气等，对活泼金属与处理液12反应过程的影响，其三，能够使反应处于液体环境中，加快反应热的散失，防止热量积蓄引发安全问题。
可选地，溶剂的密度与处理液12的密度不同。可选地，溶剂的密度大于处理液12的密度。可选地，溶剂的密度小于处理液12的密度。
如图1所示，在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，传输机构3还包括主管体32及与主管体32相连接的动力源33及子管体34，动力源33用于向主管体32内喷射气流，驱动活泼金属和溶剂的混合物在主管体32及子管体34内移动，主管体32一端与动力源33相连接，另一端设置为出料口31，子管体34一端与主管体32相连通，另一端与给料机构2相连接。
通过设置动力源33，能够为活泼金属和溶剂的混合物向出料口31移动提供驱动力，其次，主管体32内的气体快速流动，也能够形成负压，便于子管体34内的混合物，快速移动至主管体32内。
可选地，动力源33可采用负压机构，如空气压缩机，用于驱动主管体32内的气体从动力源33向出料口31移动。
可选地，主管体32可为管路结构，一端设置有动力源33，另一端为出料口31，子管体34连接于主管体32上动力源33与出料口31间的部分。
图2为图1所示实施例中隘口35处的结构示意图。
如图1及图2所示，在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，主管体32上设置有用于连通子管体34的给料口36，给料口36远离动力源33一侧的主管体32上设置有隘口35，隘口35处的直径小于主管体32的平均直径。
通过设置隘口35，能够在主管体32内的空气快速流动时，在给料口36处产生虹吸作用，使子管体34内的混合物被吸入主管体32内，有效提高混合物的移动速度，其次，所产生的虹吸作用也能够使子管体34内的空气处于流动状态，使的混合物跟随气流移动，减少轻质的活泼金属和溶剂与子管体34相接触，防止轻质的活泼金属和溶剂粘附于子管体34的内表面。
图3为本申请另一些实施例提供的活泼金属处理装置的结构示意图。
图4为图3所示实施例中隘口35处的结构示意图。
如图3及图4所示，可选地，传输机构3还包括加压件37，加压件37为三通机构，包括第一端371、第二端372及支路端373，隘口35设置于支路端373远离第一端371的一侧，主管体32包括第一部分310及第二部分320，第一部分310一端连接第一端371，另一端连接动力源33，子管体34与支路端373相连接，第二部分320一端与第二端372相连接，另一端为出料口31。可选地，加压件37可采用文丘里管。
如图3所示，在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，主管体32包括 下落段，下落段的高度在朝向出料口31的方向上逐渐降低，给料口36设置于下落段。
通过设置下落段，能够减少给料口36处移出的混合物向动力源33一侧移动。
可选地，给料机构2可高于液面13，便于活泼金属和溶剂的混合物移动，动力源33可设置于给料机构2下方，减少结构中的支撑部分，主管体32设置为几字形，包括两个高度变化明显的直部和一个高度变化不明显的横部，两个直部的顶端分别与横部的两端相连接，两个直部中一者的底端与动力源33相连接，另一者的底端设置有出料口31，下落段为设置出料口31的直部。
在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，处理液12密度大于溶剂密度。通过将处理液12的密度设置为大于溶剂的密度，能够使溶剂自然上浮至处理液12表面，并在液面13处沉积，便于后续分离溶剂。
可选地，溶剂为硅油。
如图1及图3所示，在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，处理机构1包括壳体，壳体上设置有连通处理腔11的出液口14，液面13的高度低于出液口14的高度。通过设置高于液面13的出液口14，能够在溶剂积蓄一定量后，自动从出液口14溢出，便于溶剂的回收。可选地，出液口14与处理腔11相连通。
在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，处理机构1还包括滤件，滤件设置于出料口31与液面13之间，用于阻挡活泼金属向液面13移动。通过滤件的设置，能够防止活泼金属移动至液面13，导致反应过程受到外界因素的干扰，引发安全问题。
可选地，滤件可为滤网。
在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，处理机构1还包括排气件，排气件设置于壳体上远离处理液12的一端，用于促进处理腔11内的气体排出。通过设置排气件，能够促进壳体内空气的快速排出，防止活泼金属与处理液12反应所得产物的过量累积，引发安全问题。
可选地，排气件可为排气风扇或空间压缩机，促进氢气从处理腔 11内快速排出。
如图1及图3所示，在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，给料机构2包括储料件21及与给料件22，储料件21用于存储活泼金属和溶剂的混合物，给料件22连接储料件21及子管体34，用于将储料件21储存的活泼金属和溶剂的混合物转移至子管体34。通过设置储料件21及给料件22，能够使给料结构具备一定储存能力。
可选地，给料件22可为螺旋给料机，储料件21可为存储罐，储料件21的出口与给料件22的进口相连接。
在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，给料件22上设置有称重结构，用于测量转移至子管体34的活泼金属和溶剂的混合物的重量。通过设置称重结构，便于给料件22定量向子管体34转移混合物。
可选地，称重结构可为重量传感器。
在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，给料件22向子管体34传输活泼金属和溶剂的混合物的速度为V，满足，V≤1g/s。通过对传输速度的限制，能够有效控制子管体34内的混合物容量，使混合物能够跟随气流在子管体34内移动，防止子管体34内的混合物容量超过气流的承载量，导致混合物转移速度降低，或者混合物粘附于子管体34内表面。
可选地，给料件22向子管体34传输活泼金属和溶剂的混合物的速度可为0.1g/s、0.3g/s、0.5g/s、0.7g/s、1g/s中的一者。
如图1及图3所示，在本申请的一些可选实施方式中，活泼金属处理装置还包括回收机构4，回收机构4包括出液管路41及槽体42，出液管路41与出液口14相连接，用于将处理机构1收集的溶剂转移至槽体42，槽体42能够加热去除槽体42内的溶剂中的水分。通过设置回收机构4，能够接收处理分离处的溶剂，并去除溶剂中的水分。
可选地，槽体42内可设置有加热元件，如加热管等，用于加热存储的溶剂。可选地，槽体42外可设置有加热元件，如加热管等，用于加热存储的溶剂。
如图1及图3所示，本申请提供了一种活泼金属处理装置，包括处理机构1、给料机构2及传输机构3。处理机构1具有用于容纳处理液12 的处理腔11；给料机构2用于容纳包括活泼金属和溶剂的混合物；传输机构3用于连接给料机构2和处理机构1，传输机构3包括连通处理腔11的出料口31，出料口31位于处理液12的液面13下。传输机构3还包括主管体32及与主管体32相连接的动力源33及子管体34，动力源33用于向主管体32内喷射气流，驱动活泼金属和溶剂的混合物在主管体32及子管体34内移动，主管体32一端与动力源33相连接，另一端设置为出料口31，子管体34一端与主管体32相连通，另一端与给料机构2相连接。主管体32上设置有用于连通子管体34的给料口36，给料口36远离动力源33一侧的主管体32上设置有隘口35，隘口35处的直径小于主管体32的平均直径。主管体32包括下落段，下落段的高度在朝向出料口31的方向上逐渐降低，给料口36设置于下落段。处理液12密度大于溶剂密度。处理机构1包括壳体，壳体上设置有连通处理腔11的出液口14，液面13的高度低于出液口14的高度。处理机构1还包括滤件，滤件设置于出料口31与液面13之间，用于阻挡活泼金属向液面13移动。处理机构1还包括排气件，排气件设置于壳体上远离处理液12的一端，用于促进处理腔11内的气体排出。给料机构2包括储料件21及与给料件22，储料件21用于存储活泼金属和溶剂的混合物，给料件22连接储料件21及子管体34，用于将储料件21储存的活泼金属和溶剂的混合物转移至子管体34。给料件22向子管体34传输活泼金属和溶剂的混合物的速度为V，满足，V≤1g/s。活泼金属处理装置还包括回收机构4，回收机构4包括出液管路41及槽体42，出液管路41与出液口14相连接，用于将处理机构1收集的溶剂转移至槽体42，槽体42能够加热去除槽体42内的溶剂中的水分。
与相关技术相比，本申请实施方式的活泼金属处理装置中，通过将出料口31设置于处理液12的液面13之下，首先，能够使活泼金属被完全包覆于处理液12中，促进活泼金属与处理液12充分反应，其次，能够隔绝外部环境，如空气等，对活泼金属与处理液12反应过程的影响，其三，能够使反应处于液体环境中，加快反应热的散失，防止热量积蓄引发安全问题。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申 请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件，尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种活泼金属处理装置，包括：
    处理机构，具有用于容纳处理液的处理腔；
    给料机构，用于容纳包括活泼金属和溶剂的混合物；以及
    传输机构，用于连接所述给料机构和所述处理机构，所述传输机构包括连通所述处理腔的出料口，所述出料口位于所述处理液的液面下。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的活泼金属处理装置，其中，所述传输机构还包括主管体及与所述主管体相连接的动力源及子管体，所述动力源用于向所述主管体内喷射气流，驱动所述活泼金属和溶剂的混合物在所述主管体及所述子管体内移动，所述主管体一端与所述动力源相连接，另一端设置为所述出料口，所述子管体一端与所述主管体相连通，另一端与所述给料机构相连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的活泼金属处理装置，其中，所述主管体上设置有用于连通所述子管体的给料口，所述给料口远离所述动力源一侧的所述主管体上设置有隘口，所述隘口处的直径小于所述主管体的平均直径。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的活泼金属处理装置，其中，所述主管体包括下落段，所述下落段的高度在朝向所述出料口的方向上逐渐降低，所述给料口设置于所述下落段。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的活泼金属处理装置，其中，所述处理机构包括壳体，所述壳体上设置有连通所述处理腔的出液口，所述液面的高度低于所述出液口的高度。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的活泼金属处理装置，其中，所述给料机构包括储料件及与给料件，所述储料件用于存储所述活泼金属和溶剂的混合物，所述给料件连接所述储料件及所述子管体，用于将所述储料件储存的所述活泼金属和溶剂的混合物转移至所述子管体。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的活泼金属处理装置，其中，所述给料件上设置有称重结构，用于测量转移至所述子管体的所述活泼金属和溶剂的混合物的重量。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的活泼金属处理装置，其中，所述给料件向所述子管体传输所述活泼金属和溶剂的混合物的速度为V，满足，V≤1g/s。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的活泼金属处理装置，其中，所述活泼金属处理装置还包括回收机构，所述回收机构包括出液管路及槽体，所述出液管路与所述出液口相连接，用于将所述处理机构收集的溶剂转移至所述槽体，所述槽体能够加热去除所述槽体内的所述溶剂中的水分。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的活泼金属处理装置，其中，所述处理机构还包括排气件，所述排气件设置于所述壳体上远离所述处理液的一端，用于促进所述处理腔内的气体排出。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的活泼金属处理装置，其中，所述处理液密度大于所述溶剂密度。
  12. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的活泼金属处理装置，其中，所述处理机构还包括滤件，所述滤件设置于所述出料口与所述液面之间，用于阻挡所述活泼金属向所述液面移动。
PCT/CN2022/104289 2022-07-07 2022-07-07 活泼金属处理装置 WO2024007236A1 (zh)

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