WO2023286516A1 - ガスタービン設備、及びガスタービン設備のアンモニア排出抑制方法 - Google Patents
ガスタービン設備、及びガスタービン設備のアンモニア排出抑制方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023286516A1 WO2023286516A1 PCT/JP2022/024074 JP2022024074W WO2023286516A1 WO 2023286516 A1 WO2023286516 A1 WO 2023286516A1 JP 2022024074 W JP2022024074 W JP 2022024074W WO 2023286516 A1 WO2023286516 A1 WO 2023286516A1
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- Prior art keywords
- ammonia
- water
- gas turbine
- flow path
- exhaust gas
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 612
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 301
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 338
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 337
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 43
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 67
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 41
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 29
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 26
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a gas turbine facility using ammonia as fuel and a method for suppressing ammonia emission from the gas turbine facility.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-115757 filed in Japan on July 13, 2021, the content of which is incorporated herein.
- a gas turbine includes a compressor that compresses air, a combustor that burns fuel in the air compressed by the compressor to generate combustion gas, and a turbine that is driven by the combustion gas.
- Patent Literature 1 discloses gas turbine equipment that uses ammonia as a fuel to be supplied to a combustor. When ammonia is used as fuel for gas turbines, some of the nitrogen that forms this ammonia becomes NOx when it is combusted. For this reason, this gas turbine facility has a denitrification device in a flow path through which the exhaust gas from the gas turbine flows.
- ammonia When ammonia is used as fuel for a gas turbine, it is desirable to suppress not only NOx but also the ammonia itself from being discharged outside unburned.
- an object of the present disclosure is to provide a technology capable of suppressing the emission of ammonia to the outside when ammonia is used as fuel for a gas turbine.
- a gas turbine facility as one aspect for achieving the above object includes: a gas turbine having a combustor; an ammonia supply device for supplying ammonia to the combustor; a passage forming frame for forming an exhaust gas passage through which exhaust gas from the gas turbine flows; a water sprinkler having a water sprinkler disposed within the exhaust gas flow path for spraying water; and a water spray controller controlling operation of the water sprinkler.
- the watering controller instructs the watering device to start watering on condition that an ammonia supply start instruction or an ammonia supply stop instruction from the ammonia supply device to the combustor is received.
- An ammonia supply device generally has an ammonia line through which ammonia as fuel flows, and a fuel control valve provided in this ammonia line.
- a fuel control valve provided in this ammonia line.
- the portion of the ammonia line closer to the combustor than the fuel control valve and the inside of the fuel nozzle of the combustor are filled with ammonia.
- Ammonia begins to be injected. After that, the ammonia in the combustion cylinder is ignited.
- the fuel control valve receives an ammonia supply start instruction and the fuel control valve opens until the ammonia in the combustion cylinder is ignited, the ammonia flowing out from the fuel control valve does not burn, exhausted from the gas turbine.
- This ammonia flows in the exhaust gas flow path.
- the fuel control valve receives an instruction to stop the supply of ammonia and closes this fuel control valve, the portion of the ammonia line on the combustor side of the fuel control valve, And ammonia in the fuel nozzle of the combustor flows out into the combustion tube. This ammonia is also exhausted from the gas turbine without being combusted.
- the watering controller of this aspect Upon receiving an instruction to start supplying ammonia or to stop supplying ammonia, the watering controller of this aspect instructs the water sprinkler to start watering. As a result, the sprinkler starts to sprinkle water into the exhaust gas flow path, and the water absorbs the ammonia flowing in the exhaust gas flow path.
- a gas turbine equipment ammonia emission control method as one aspect for achieving the above object is applied to the following gas turbine equipment.
- a gas turbine facility includes a gas turbine having a combustor, an ammonia supply device for supplying ammonia to the combustor, and a passage forming frame forming an exhaust gas passage through which exhaust gas from the gas turbine flows. .
- a water sprinkling step of sprinkling water into the exhaust gas flow path is executed.
- water spraying step water spraying into the exhaust gas flow path is started on condition that an instruction to start supplying ammonia to the combustor or an instruction to stop supplying ammonia to the combustor is received from the ammonia supply device.
- ammonia when used as fuel for a gas turbine, it is possible to suppress the emission of ammonia to the outside.
- FIG. 1 is a system diagram of gas turbine equipment in a first embodiment according to the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the operation of the control device in the ammonia supply start process in the embodiment according to the present disclosure.
- 4 is a flow chart showing the operation of the control device in the process of stopping the supply of ammonia in one embodiment according to the present disclosure.
- It is a system diagram of gas turbine equipment in a second embodiment according to the present disclosure.
- Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a chimney in a second embodiment according to the present disclosure; It is a system diagram of gas turbine equipment in a third embodiment according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 1 A first embodiment of gas turbine equipment according to the present disclosure will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
- FIG. 1 A first embodiment of gas turbine equipment according to the present disclosure will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
- FIG. 1 A first embodiment of gas turbine equipment according to the present disclosure will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
- the gas turbine equipment of this embodiment includes a gas turbine 10, an ammonia supply device 20 that supplies ammonia as a fuel to the gas turbine 10, and heat of exhaust gas exhausted from the gas turbine 10.
- a steam turbine 41 driven by the steam from the heat recovery boiler 30; a condenser 43 for returning the steam from the steam turbine 41 to water;
- a pump 45 for sending the water inside to the heat recovery steam generator 30, a chimney 33 for discharging the exhaust gas from the heat recovery steam generator 30 to the outside, and a denitrification for decomposing NOx contained in the exhaust gas from the gas turbine 10.
- a device 50 , a water sprinkler 60 that sprinkles water inside the heat recovery boiler 30 , a mist eliminator 70 , a water recovery line 71 , an ammonia water supply device 74 , and a control device 90 .
- the gas turbine 10 includes a compressor 14 that compresses air A, a combustor 15 that combusts fuel in the air compressed by the compressor 14 to generate combustion gas, and a turbine 16 that is driven by the high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gas. And prepare.
- the compressor 14 has a compressor rotor 14r that rotates about the rotor axis Ar, and a compressor casing 14c that covers the compressor rotor 14r.
- the turbine 16 has a turbine rotor 16r that rotates around the rotor axis Ar by combustion gas from the combustor 15, and a turbine casing 16c that covers the turbine rotor 16r.
- the turbine rotor 16r and the compressor rotor 14r are rotatably connected to each other around the same rotor axis Ar to form the gas turbine rotor 11 .
- a rotor of a generator G for example, is connected to the gas turbine rotor 11 .
- the gas turbine 10 is a single-shaft gas turbine having one gas turbine rotor, but the gas turbine may be a two-shaft gas turbine or a three-shaft gas turbine.
- the gas turbine 10 further comprises an intermediate casing 12.
- the intermediate casing 12 is arranged between the compressor casing 14c and the turbine casing 16c in the direction in which the rotor axis Ar extends, and connects the compressor casing 14c and the turbine casing 16c. Compressed air discharged from the compressor 14 flows into the intermediate casing 12 .
- Combustor 15 is fixed to intermediate casing 12 .
- the combustor 15 has a combustion tube (or transition piece) 15c, a fuel nozzle 15n that injects fuel into the combustion tube 15c, and a spark plug 15i that ignites the fuel injected into the combustion tube 15c.
- the ammonia supply device 20 has an ammonia tank 21 , an ammonia line 22 , an ammonia pump 23 , a vaporizer 24 , a fuel control valve 25 , a purge gas line 26 and a purge gas control valve 27 .
- Liquid ammonia is stored in the ammonia tank 21 .
- One end of the ammonia line 22 is connected to this ammonia tank 21 and the other end of this ammonia line 22 is connected to the fuel nozzle 15n of the combustor 15 .
- An ammonia pump 23 is provided in this ammonia line 22 .
- This ammonia pump 23 pressurizes the ammonia in the ammonia tank 21 and sends this ammonia to the combustor 15 .
- the vaporizer 24 is provided in the ammonia line 22 at a position closer to the combustor 15 than the ammonia pump 23 .
- the vaporizer 24 is a heat exchanger that heats and vaporizes the liquid ammonia by exchanging heat between the heating medium and the liquid ammonia.
- the ammonia supply device may include a sprayer for spraying liquid ammonia into the space and changing the liquid ammonia to mist ammonia.
- the fuel control valve 25 is provided in the ammonia line 22 at a position closer to the combustor 15 than the vaporizer 24 is. This fuel control valve 25 adjusts the flow rate of ammonia as fuel to be supplied to the combustor 15 .
- One end of a purge gas line 26 is connected to a position closer to the combustor 15 than the fuel control valve 25 in the ammonia line 22 .
- a purge gas supply source (not shown) is connected to the other end of the purge gas line 26 .
- This purge gas control valve 27 is provided in this purge gas line 26 .
- a purge gas control valve 27 regulates the flow rate of the purge gas sent from the purge gas supply source to the ammonia line 22 .
- the purge gas is, for example, nitrogen gas.
- the exhaust heat recovery boiler 30 exchanges heat between the exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine 10 and water, and heats the water into steam.
- This exhaust heat recovery boiler 30 has a duct 31 connected to the gas turbine 10 and heat transfer tubes 32 arranged in the duct 31 .
- the duct 31 forms a duct gas flow path 36 through which exhaust gas from the gas turbine 10 flows. Liquid or gaseous water flows through the heat transfer tubes 32 .
- a heat medium other than water may flow through the heat transfer tubes 32 .
- One end of the heat transfer tube 32 in the heat recovery boiler 30 and the steam inlet of the steam turbine 41 are connected by a main steam line 42 . Steam from the heat transfer tubes 32 is sent to the steam turbine 41 via this main steam line 42 .
- a rotor of a generator for example, is connected to the rotor of the steam turbine 41 . Steam exhausted from the steam turbine 41 is returned to water in the condenser 43 .
- the other end of the heat transfer tube 32 in the heat recovery boiler 30 and the condenser 43 are connected by a water supply line 44 .
- the water supply line 44 is provided with a pump 45 for sending the water in the condenser 43 to the heat recovery boiler 30 .
- the chimney 33 is connected to the duct 31 of the heat recovery boiler 30.
- the chimney 33 is formed with a chimney gas flow path 37 for discharging the exhaust gas from the duct 31 to the outside.
- This stack gas channel 37 extends vertically.
- the exhaust gas flow path 35 through which the exhaust gas from the gas turbine 10 flows has a duct gas flow path 36 and a stack gas flow path 37 . Therefore, in the present embodiment, the channel forming frame 34 that forms the exhaust gas channel 35 has the duct 31 and the chimney 33 of the heat recovery boiler 30 .
- the denitrification device 50 includes a catalyst layer 51 arranged in the duct 31 of the heat recovery boiler 30, an ammonia sprayer 52 for spraying ammonia water upstream of the catalyst layer 51 in the gas flow direction, and the ammonia sprayer 52. It has an ammonia water supply line 53 for supplying ammonia water to the vessel 52 and an ammonia water control valve 54 . The ammonia water control valve 54 adjusts the flow rate of ammonia water flowing through the ammonia water supply line 53 .
- the denitrification device 50 decomposes NOx contained in the exhaust gas from the gas turbine 10 into nitrogen and water vapor by the action of a catalyst using aqueous ammonia.
- the water sprinkler 60 includes a sprinkler 61 capable of spraying water into the duct gas flow path 36, a water tank 62 capable of storing the water sprinkled by the sprinkler 61, and water in the water tank 62. and a water supply device 66 capable of supplying the water sprinkler 61 with The sprinkler 61 is arranged in the duct 31 downstream of the denitrification device 50 and the heat transfer tube 32 in the gas flow.
- a mist eliminator 70 capable of trapping the mist in the duct gas flow path 36 is arranged downstream of the sprinkler 61 in the gas flow direction in the duct 31 .
- the mist eliminator 70 is composed of, for example, a net or a pad made of a plurality of fibers.
- the water supply device 66 includes a water line 67 connecting the water tank 62 and the sprinkler 61 , a water supply pump 68 provided in the water line 67 , and a water control valve 69 provided on the vessel 61 side.
- One end of the water recovery line 71 is connected to a position in the duct 31 downstream of the mist eliminator 70 in the gas flow direction, or to a region where the mist eliminator 70 is arranged in the gas flow direction.
- the other end of this water recovery line 71 is connected to the water tank 62 . That is, the water recovery line 71 is a line for returning the water sprinkled into the duct 31 from the sprinkler 61 to the water tank 62 .
- the water tank 62 is provided with a make-up water line 63 capable of supplying water into the water tank 62 .
- the water tank 62 is further provided with an ammonia concentration meter 64 capable of detecting the concentration of ammonia in the water tank 62 .
- the ammonia water supply device 74 has an ammonia water subline 75, an ammonia water sub control valve 76, and the water supply pump 68 described above.
- the ammonia water sub-line 75 is positioned on the water sprinkler 61 side of the water supply pump 68 and on the water tank 62 side of the water control valve 69 in the water line 67 of the water sprinkler 60, and in the ammonia water supply line 53, A position closer to the ammonia sprayer 52 than the ammonia water control valve 54 is connected.
- An ammonia water sub-regulating valve 76 is provided in this ammonia water sub-line 75 .
- the water supply pump 68 is one of the components of the aqueous ammonia supply device 74 and also one of the components of the sprinkler device 60 .
- the control device 90 has a gas turbine controller 91 and a water spray controller 92 .
- the gas turbine controller 91 controls operations of the fuel control valve 25 and the purge gas control valve 27 according to various instruments provided in the gas turbine 10 and instructions from the outside.
- Watering controller 92 controls the operation of watering device 60 .
- the sprinkler controller 92 specifically controls the operation of the water supply pump 68 and the water control valve 69 .
- Each of the gas turbine controller 91 and the water spray controller 92 has a CPU (Central Processing Unit) that executes various calculations and a memory that is a work area of this CPU. Note that the gas turbine controller 91 and the water spray controller 92 may be configured by a mutually shared CPU and a mutually shared memory or the like.
- the starting motor When starting the gas turbine 10, the starting motor is driven to rotate the gas turbine rotor 11. In some cases, the starter motor is separately connected to the gas turbine rotor 11, but in some cases, a generator connected to the gas turbine rotor 11 serves as the starter motor.
- the diesel engine When starting the gas turbine 10, the diesel engine may be started to rotate the gas turbine rotor 11, or the gas turbine rotor 11 may be rotated by a steam turbine.
- the rotation speed of the gas turbine rotor 11 gradually increases.
- the combustor 15 is supplied with ammonia as fuel.
- the operation of the control device 90 in the process of starting the supply of ammonia to the combustor 15 will be described according to the flowchart shown in FIG.
- the gas turbine controller 91 determines whether or not the conditions for starting the supply of ammonia as fuel are satisfied in the process of starting the gas turbine 10 (S10: supply start condition determination process). When the rotation speed of the gas turbine rotor 11 reaches a predetermined rotation speed by driving the starting motor, the gas turbine controller 91 determines that the condition for starting the supply of ammonia as fuel has been satisfied, and the fuel control valve 25 and The water spray controller 92 is instructed to start supplying ammonia (S11: step of instructing start of supply). Specifically, the gas turbine controller 91 instructs the fuel control valve 25 to open. When receiving this instruction, the fuel control valve 25 is opened. As a result, the supply of ammonia to the combustor 15 is started.
- the portion of the ammonia line 22 closer to the combustor 15 than the fuel control valve 25 and the inside of the fuel nozzle 15n of the combustor 15 are filled with ammonia, and the ammonia is injected into the combustion cylinder 15c of the combustor 15. begin to be
- the gas turbine controller 91 causes the spark plug 15i to ignite the ammonia in the combustion cylinder 15c. (S12: Ignition instruction step). As a result, combustion of ammonia in the combustion cylinder 15c is started.
- the gas turbine controller 91 instructs not only the fuel control valve 25 but also the sprinkler controller 92 to start supplying ammonia.
- the watering controller 92 receives this instruction (S15: supply start instruction receiving process)
- the watering controller 92 instructs the water sprinkler 60 to start watering (S17: watering start instruction process).
- the sprinkler controller 92 instructs the water supply pump 68 of the sprinkler device 60 to be driven, and also instructs the water control valve 69 to open.
- the water in the water tank 62 begins to be supplied to the water sprinkler 61 arranged in the duct 31 of the heat recovery steam generator 30 via the water line 67, and water starts to be sprinkled in the duct gas flow path 36.
- S16 Watering step
- the watering controller 92 determines whether or not a predetermined time (for example, several minutes) has elapsed after receiving the instruction to start supplying ammonia (S18: watering stop condition determination step). The end of this predetermined time is after the ignition of the ammonia is complete. In other words, the end point of this predetermined time is a point after the point when it is assumed that unburned ammonia is no longer exhausted from the gas turbine 10 .
- the watering controller 92 determines that a predetermined time has passed after receiving the instruction to start supplying ammonia, the watering controller 92 instructs the watering device 60 to stop watering (S19: watering stop instruction step).
- the sprinkler controller 92 instructs the water supply pump 68 of the sprinkler device 60 to stop driving and instructs the water control valve 69 to close. As a result, watering from the water sprinkler 61 into the duct gas flow path 36 stops, and the watering step (S16) ends.
- the fuel control valve 25 After the fuel control valve 25 opens until the ammonia in the combustion cylinder 15c is ignited, the ammonia flowing out from the fuel control valve 25 is exhausted from the gas turbine 10 without burning. This ammonia flows through the duct gas passage 36 inside the duct 31 of the heat recovery boiler 30 .
- the gas turbine controller 91 instructs the fuel control valve 25 to start supplying ammonia (S11), and watering is started (S16). Therefore, in the process of starting the supply of ammonia to the combustor 15 , the ammonia exhausted from the gas turbine 10 is absorbed by water droplets from the sprinkler 61 .
- the water droplets that have absorbed the ammonia accumulate in the lower portion of the duct 31 and return to the water tank 62 via the water recovery line 71 . That is, the water-containing liquid sprinkled in the duct gas channel 36 that is part of the exhaust gas channel 35 is guided out of the duct 31 that is part of the channel forming frame 34 .
- the water collecting process for guiding water out of the flow path forming frame 34 is executed in parallel with the watering process.
- the watering step (S16) is repeatedly executed, and each time the water that has absorbed ammonia returns to the water tank 62, the concentration of ammonia in the water in the water tank 62 gradually increases.
- Ammonia concentration in the water tank 62 is detected by an ammonia concentration meter 64 .
- the ammonia water sub-control valve 76 opens to remove the ammonia in the water tank 62.
- the absorbed water is supplied to the denitrification device 50 via the ammonia water subline 75 .
- the denitrification device 50 decomposes NOx contained in the exhaust gas into nitrogen and water vapor using this aqueous ammonia. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the amount of ammonia water used from the ammonia water supply source used for the denitration process.
- control device 90 in the process of stopping the supply of ammonia to the combustor 15 will be described according to the flowchart shown in FIG.
- the gas turbine controller 91 determines whether or not the conditions for stopping the supply of ammonia as fuel are met (S20: supply stop condition determination step).
- the gas turbine controller 91 determines that the ammonia supply stop condition is satisfied, it instructs the fuel control valve 25 and the water sprinkler controller 92 to stop the ammonia supply (S21: supply stop instruction step). Specifically, the gas turbine controller 91 instructs the fuel control valve 25 to be closed. When receiving this instruction, the fuel control valve 25 is closed. As a result, the supply of ammonia to the combustor 15 is stopped. Further, the gas turbine controller 91 instructs the purge gas control valve 27 to open (S22: purge start instruction step). Upon receipt of this instruction, the purge gas control valve 27 is opened. As a result, a purge gas such as nitrogen is sent to the ammonia line 22 from the purge gas supply source. This purge gas pushes the ammonia in the portion of the ammonia line 22 closer to the combustor 15 than the fuel control valve 25 and the fuel nozzle 15n of the combustor 15 into the combustion cylinder 15c.
- S21 supply stop instruction step
- the gas turbine controller 91 instructs the purge gas control valve 27 to close (S23 : Purge end instruction process).
- S23 Purge end instruction process
- the purge gas control valve 27 closes (S23 : Purge end instruction process).
- the purge gas control valve 27 is closed, and the purge gas is no longer sent to the ammonia line 22 from the purge gas supply source.
- the gas turbine controller 91 instructs not only the fuel control valve 25 but also the sprinkler controller 92 to stop supplying ammonia.
- the watering controller 92 instructs the water sprinkler 60 to start watering (S27: watering start instruction process).
- the sprinkler controller 92 instructs the water supply pump 68 of the sprinkler device 60 to be driven, and also instructs the water control valve 69 to open.
- the water in the water tank 62 begins to be supplied to the water sprinkler 61 arranged in the duct 31 of the heat recovery steam generator 30 via the water line 67, and water starts to be sprinkled in the duct gas flow path 36.
- S26 Watering step
- the watering controller 92 determines whether or not a predetermined time (for example, several minutes) has elapsed after receiving the instruction to start supplying ammonia (S28: watering stop condition determination step). This predetermined time ends after the purge gas control valve 27 is closed.
- the watering controller 92 determines that a predetermined time has passed after receiving the instruction to stop the supply of ammonia, it instructs the watering device 60 to stop watering (S29: watering stop instruction step).
- the sprinkler controller 92 instructs the water supply pump 68 of the sprinkler device 60 to stop driving and instructs the water control valve 69 to close.
- the watering step (S26) ends.
- the purge gas causes the portion of the ammonia line 22 closer to the combustor 15 than the fuel control valve 25 and the inside of the fuel nozzle 15n of the combustor 15.
- Ammonia is pushed into the combustion cylinder 15c.
- This ammonia is exhausted from the gas turbine 10 without being combusted.
- This ammonia flows through the duct gas passage 36 inside the duct 31 of the heat recovery boiler 30 .
- the gas turbine controller 91 instructs the fuel control valve 25 to stop supplying ammonia (S21), and watering is started (S26).
- the ammonia exhausted from the gas turbine 10 is absorbed by water droplets from the sprinkler 61 .
- the water droplets that have absorbed the ammonia accumulate in the lower portion of the duct 31 and return to the water tank 62 via the water recovery line 71 .
- unburned ammonia is exhausted from the gas turbine 10 in the process of starting the supply of ammonia to the combustor 15 and the process of stopping the supply of ammonia to the combustor 15 .
- water is sprinkled into the duct gas flow path 36 by the sprinkler device 60, and the water absorbs the ammonia. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to suppress the discharge of ammonia to the outside.
- the gas turbine equipment of the present embodiment includes a gas turbine 10, an ammonia supply device 20, an exhaust heat recovery boiler 30, a steam turbine 41, as shown in FIG.
- a condenser 43 , a pump 45 , a chimney 33 , a denitration device 50 , a sprinkler device 60 a , a water recovery line 71 a , an ammonia water supply device 74 , and a control device 90 are provided.
- the water sprinkler 60a of this embodiment differs from the water sprinkler 60 of the first embodiment.
- the water recovery line 71a of this embodiment also differs from the water recovery line 71 of the first embodiment.
- the gas turbine equipment of this embodiment does not include the mist eliminator 70 of the gas turbine equipment of the first embodiment.
- a sprinkler device 60a of the present embodiment has a sprinkler 61a, a water tank 62, and a water supply device 66, like the sprinkler device 60 of the first embodiment.
- the water sprinkler 61a of this embodiment differs from the water sprinkler 61 of the first embodiment in arrangement and configuration.
- the sprinkler 61a of this embodiment is arranged not in the duct 31 of the heat recovery boiler 30 but in the stack 33, in other words, in the stack gas flow path 37.
- the sprinkler 61a has an annular ring header 61h along the inner peripheral surface of the chimney 33 and a plurality of nozzles 61n provided on the inner peripheral side of the ring header 61h. .
- the ring header 61h is connected to a water line 67 extending from the water tank 62 (see FIG. 4).
- the plurality of nozzles 61n are provided so that the water supplied to the ring header 61h can be sprayed toward the inner peripheral side of the annular ring header 61h in a direction having a horizontal component.
- one end of the water recovery line 71a is connected to a position in the chimney 33 below the position where the sprinkler 61a is arranged.
- the other end of the water recovery line 71a is connected to the water tank 62, like the other end of the water recovery line 71 of the first embodiment.
- the control device 90 of this embodiment has the same configuration as the control device 90 of the first embodiment, and has a gas turbine controller 91 and a water spray controller 92 . Also, the control device 90 of the present embodiment operates in the same manner as the control device 90 of the first embodiment. Therefore, in the process of starting the supply of ammonia to the combustor 15, the gas turbine controller 91 and the water spray controller 92 operate as shown in the flowchart of FIG. Further, in the process of stopping the supply of ammonia to the combustor 15, the gas turbine controller 91 and the water spray controller 92 operate as shown in the flowchart of FIG.
- the water droplets sprinkled from the water sprinkler 61 a have a particle diameter greater than or equal to the rising speed of the exhaust gas flowing through the chimney 33 .
- the particle size has a sedimentation velocity. Therefore, in the present embodiment, water droplets do not substantially flow downstream (upper) in the gas flow direction than the water sprinkler 61a. There is no need to place the mist eliminator 70 in the Therefore, in this embodiment, the pressure loss in the exhaust gas passage 35 can be suppressed more than in the first embodiment.
- the ammonia absorption efficiency is lower than that of the first embodiment.
- the present embodiment has the advantage of being able to suppress the pressure loss in the exhaust gas flow path 35 more than the first embodiment, but has the disadvantage of lower ammonia absorption efficiency than the first embodiment. .
- the first embodiment has the advantage that the ammonia absorption efficiency is higher than that of the present embodiment, it has the disadvantage that the pressure loss in the exhaust gas flow path 35 is higher than that of the present embodiment. For this reason, it is preferable to decide which one of the water sprinkler 61 of the first embodiment and the water sprinkler 61a of the present embodiment should be adopted by comparing the merits and demerits of both.
- This embodiment is an example in which a sprinkler 61a is provided in the chimney 33 and no mist eliminator is provided downstream (upper side) of the sprinkler 61a.
- a water sprinkler 61a may be provided in the chimney 33 and a mist eliminator may be provided downstream (upper side) of the water sprinkler 61a.
- the gas turbine equipment of the present embodiment includes a gas turbine 10, an ammonia supply device 20, an exhaust heat recovery boiler 30, a steam turbine 41, and A condenser 43 , a pump 45 , a chimney 33 , a denitration device 50 , a sprinkler device 60 , a water recovery line 71 and a control device 90 are provided.
- the gas turbine equipment of this embodiment does not include the aqueous ammonia supply device 74 of the gas turbine equipment of the first embodiment.
- the gas turbine equipment of this embodiment includes a treated water supply device 77 instead of the ammonia water supply device 74 .
- the gas turbine equipment of this embodiment includes an acid supply device 80 .
- the acid supply device 80 includes an acid tank 81 capable of storing an aqueous solution of an acid that produces a salt by reaction with ammonia, an acid line 82 connecting the acid tank 81 and the water tank 62, and and an acid supply pump 83 and an acid control valve 84 provided.
- the acid aqueous solution that produces a salt by reaction with ammonia include an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, an aqueous sulfuric acid solution, and the like.
- the salt produced by the reaction of ammonia and aqueous hydrochloric acid solution is ammonium chloride
- the salt produced by the reaction of ammonia and aqueous sulfuric acid solution is ammonium sulfate.
- a water recovery line 71 and a make-up water line 63 are also connected to the water tank 62 as in the first embodiment.
- This water tank 62 is provided with a salt amount detector 65 capable of detecting the amount of salt in the water tank 62 instead of the ammonia concentration meter 64 in the first embodiment.
- the salt amount detector 65 may be, for example, one that detects the concentration of salt in the water tank 62. By detecting the pH of the water in the water tank 62, the amount of salt in the water tank 62 is indirectly detected. It may be one that detects the amount.
- the treated water supply device 77 can guide the water in the water tank 62 to the waste water treatment device 89 .
- This treated water supply device 77 has a treated water line 78 , a treated water control valve 79 , and a water supply pump 68 for the sprinkler device 60 .
- the treated water line 78 connects the water line 67 of the water sprinkler 60 to the wastewater treatment device 89 at a position closer to the sprinkler 61 than the water supply pump 68 and closer to the water tank 62 than the water control valve 69 .
- a treated water control valve 79 is provided in this treated water line 78 .
- the water supply pump 68 is one of the components of the treated water supply device 77 and also one of the components of the sprinkler device 60 .
- the control device 90 of this embodiment has the same configuration as the control device 90 of the first embodiment, and has a gas turbine controller 91 and a water spray controller 92 . Also, the control device 90 of the present embodiment operates in the same manner as the control device 90 of the first embodiment. Therefore, in the process of starting the supply of ammonia to the combustor 15, the gas turbine controller 91 and the water spray controller 92 operate as shown in the flowchart of FIG. Further, in the process of stopping the supply of ammonia to the combustor 15, the gas turbine controller 91 and the water spray controller 92 operate as shown in the flowchart of FIG.
- the water supply pump 68 is driven, the treated water control valve 79 is opened, and water containing salt is discharged into the treated water line 78. and is sent to the waste water treatment device 89 . After that, water is replenished into the water tank 62 from the replenishing water line 63 , and an acid aqueous solution is supplied into the water tank 62 from the acid supply device 80 .
- the second embodiment may also be modified like this embodiment. That is, also in the second embodiment, the treated water supply device 77 may be provided instead of the ammonia water supply device 74 in the gas turbine equipment of the second embodiment, and the acid supply device 80 may be provided.
- a gas turbine 10 having a combustor 15; an ammonia supply device 20 for supplying ammonia to the combustor 15; a passage forming frame 34 forming an exhaust gas passage 35 through which exhaust gas from the gas turbine 10 flows; Sprinklers 60, 60a arranged in the exhaust gas flow path 35 and having sprinklers 61, 61a capable of sprinkling water in the exhaust gas flow path 35; And prepare.
- the watering controller 92 instructs the watering devices 60 and 60a to start watering on condition that an instruction to start supplying ammonia to the combustor 15 from the ammonia supply device 20 or an instruction to stop supplying ammonia to the combustor 15 is received. instruct.
- the ammonia supply device 20 generally has an ammonia line 22 through which ammonia as fuel flows, and a fuel control valve 25 provided in this ammonia line 22 .
- a fuel control valve 25 provided in this ammonia line 22 .
- Ammonia begins to be injected into the combustion cylinder 15 c of the combustor 15 . After that, the ammonia in the combustion cylinder 15c is ignited.
- the fuel control valve 25 After the fuel control valve 25 receives an ammonia supply start instruction and the fuel control valve 25 opens until the ammonia in the combustion cylinder 15c is ignited, the ammonia flowing out from the fuel control valve 25 is burned. exhausted from the gas turbine 10 without This ammonia flows through the exhaust gas flow path 35 .
- the fuel control valve 25 receives an instruction to stop the supply of ammonia, and after this fuel control valve 25 is closed, the ammonia line 22 burns more than the fuel control valve 25. Ammonia in the portion on the side of the combustor 15 and in the fuel nozzle 15n of the combustor 15 flows out into the combustion cylinder 15c. This ammonia is also exhausted from the gas turbine 10 without being combusted.
- the watering controller 92 of this embodiment Upon receiving an ammonia supply start instruction or an ammonia supply stop, the watering controller 92 of this embodiment instructs the water sprinklers 60 and 60a to start watering. As a result, the sprinklers 61 and 61a start sprinkling water into the exhaust gas flow path 35, and the ammonia flowing through the exhaust gas flow path 35 is absorbed by this water.
- the water sprinkler controller 92 receives the ammonia supply start instruction or the ammonia supply stop instruction, and after a predetermined time elapses, the water sprinkler 60, 60a is instructed to stop watering.
- the end point of the predetermined time is a point after the point when it is assumed that unburned ammonia is no longer exhausted from the gas turbine 10 .
- the exhaust gas flow path 35 is controlled by the water sprinklers 60 and 60a during the time when it is assumed that the unburned ammonia is no longer discharged from the gas turbine 10 after the unburned ammonia starts to be discharged from the gas turbine 10. Water is sprinkled inside, and ammonia in the exhaust gas flow path 35 is absorbed by this water. Water spraying from the water spraying devices 60 and 60a into the exhaust gas flow path 35 is stopped after a time when it is assumed that unburned ammonia is no longer discharged from the gas turbine 10 . Therefore, in this aspect, the driving time of the water sprinklers 60, 60a can be limited, and the driving power of the water sprinklers 60, 60a and the consumption of water to be sprinkled can be suppressed.
- the gas turbine equipment in the third aspect further includes water recovery lines 71 , 71 a that guide liquid containing water sprayed in the exhaust gas flow path 35 to the outside of the flow path forming frame 34 .
- the water sprinkled into the exhaust gas flow path 35 from the sprinklers 61 and 61 a absorbs ammonia and accumulates in the exhaust gas flow path 35 .
- this water is led out of the flow path forming frame 34 by the water recovery lines 71 and 71a.
- the gas turbine equipment in the third aspect further includes a mist eliminator 70 capable of collecting mist.
- the passage forming frame 34 has a duct 31 connected to the gas turbine 10 .
- a duct gas channel 36 forming at least a part of the exhaust gas channel 35 is formed in the duct 31 .
- the sprinkler 61 is arranged in the duct gas flow path 36 and is configured to be able to sprinkle water toward the downstream side of the flow of the exhaust gas in the duct gas flow path 36 .
- the mist eliminator 70 is arranged in the duct gas flow path 36 on the downstream side of the sprinkler 61 .
- the water recovery line 71 is located downstream of the mist eliminator 70 in the exhaust gas flow direction in the duct 31, or in a region where the mist eliminator 70 is arranged in the exhaust gas flow direction. It is connected to the.
- ammonia flowing in the duct gas flow path 36 is absorbed by water droplets sprinkled from the sprinkler 61 arranged in the duct gas flow path 36 .
- Water droplets that have absorbed ammonia and flowed downstream in the duct gas flow path 36 are collected by the mist eliminator 70 .
- Water droplets collected by the mist eliminator 70 accumulate inside the duct 31 .
- Water accumulated in the duct 31 is guided out of the duct 31 by a water recovery line 71. - ⁇
- the passage forming frame 34 has a duct 31 connected to the gas turbine 10 and a chimney 33 connected to the duct 31 .
- the chimney 33 has a vertically extending chimney gas flow path 37 that forms at least a portion of the exhaust gas flow path 35 .
- the sprinkler 61a is arranged in the stack gas flow path 37 and is configured to be able to sprinkle water in a direction having a horizontal component.
- the water recovery line 71a is connected to a position in the chimney 33 below the position where the sprinkler 61a is arranged.
- the ammonia flowing inside the stack gas flow path 37 is absorbed by the water droplets sprinkled from the sprinklers 61 and 61a arranged inside the stack gas flow path 37 .
- Water droplets that have absorbed ammonia accumulate in the chimney 33 . This water is led out of the chimney 33 by a water recovery line 71a.
- the water sprinklers 60 and 60a include a water tank 62 capable of storing water to be sprinkled in the exhaust gas flow path 35. and a water supply device 66 capable of supplying the water in the water tank 62 to the sprinklers 61 and 61a.
- the watering controller 92 controls the water supply device 66 .
- the gas turbine equipment in the seventh aspect In the gas turbine equipment according to the sixth aspect, it is arranged in the exhaust gas flow path 35 upstream of the water sprinklers 61 and 61a in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, and the nitrogen oxidation in the exhaust gas
- a denitrification device 50 for removing substances and an ammonia water supply device 74 capable of supplying the water in the water tank 62 to the denitrification device 50 are further provided.
- the water recovery lines 71 , 71 a are connected to the water tank 62 .
- the water tank 62 is provided with an ammonia concentration meter 64 capable of detecting the concentration of ammonia in the water tank 62 .
- the ammonia water supply device 74 supplies the water in the water tank 62 to the denitrification device 50 when the concentration of ammonia detected by the ammonia concentration meter 64 reaches or exceeds a predetermined concentration.
- Water is repeatedly sprayed into the exhaust gas flow path 35, and each time the water that has absorbed ammonia returns to the water tank 62, the concentration of ammonia in the water in the water tank 62 gradually increases.
- Ammonia concentration in the water tank 62 is detected by an ammonia concentration meter 64 .
- the ammonia-containing water in the water tank 62 is supplied by the ammonia water supply device 74. is supplied to the denitrification device 50 .
- the denitrification device 50 decomposes NOx contained in the exhaust gas into nitrogen and water vapor using this aqueous ammonia. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the amount of ammonia water used from the ammonia water supply source used for the denitration process.
- an acid supply device 80 capable of supplying an acid that produces a salt by reaction with the ammonia into the water tank 62, and water in the water tank 62 to a waste water treatment device 89. and a treated water supply 77 that can be directed.
- the water recovery lines 71 , 71 a are connected to the water tank 62 .
- the water tank 62 is provided with a salt amount detector 65 capable of detecting the amount of salt in the water tank 62 .
- the treated water supply device 77 guides the water in the water tank 62 to the waste water treatment device 89 when the amount of salt detected by the salt amount detector 65 reaches or exceeds a predetermined amount.
- the absorption efficiency of ammonia in the exhaust gas flow path 35 can be enhanced.
- Water that has absorbed ammonia contains salts produced by the reaction between ammonia and acid. This water containing ammonia and salt is returned to the water tank 62 via the water recovery lines 71, 71a.
- a salt amount detector 65 detects the amount of salt in the water in the water tank 62 . When the amount of salt detected by the salt amount detector 65 exceeds a predetermined value, water containing salt is sent to the wastewater treatment apparatus 89 by the treated water supply apparatus 77 .
- the ammonia emission control method for gas turbine equipment in the ninth aspect is applied to the following gas turbine equipment.
- the gas turbine equipment includes a gas turbine 10 having a combustor 15, an ammonia supply device 20 for supplying ammonia to the combustor 15, and a channel forming an exhaust gas channel 35 through which exhaust gas from the gas turbine 10 flows.
- a forming frame 34 is provided.
- a water sprinkling step S ⁇ b>16 of sprinkling water into the exhaust gas flow path 35 is executed.
- water spraying into the exhaust gas flow path 35 is started on condition that an instruction to start supplying ammonia to the combustor 15 from the ammonia supply device 20 or an instruction to stop supplying ammonia to the combustor 15 is received. .
- the ammonia emission control method for gas turbine equipment in the tenth aspect includes: In the ammonia emission suppression method for gas turbine equipment according to the ninth aspect, in the water sprinkling step S16, after a predetermined time has elapsed after receiving the instruction to start supplying ammonia or the instruction to stop supplying ammonia, the The spraying of water into the exhaust gas flow path 35 is stopped.
- the end point of the predetermined time is a point after the point when it is assumed that unburned ammonia is no longer exhausted from the gas turbine 10 .
- the execution time of the watering step S16 can be limited, and the consumption of electric power and water for watering required for performing the watering step S16 can be suppressed. .
- ammonia when used as fuel for a gas turbine, it is possible to suppress the emission of ammonia to the outside.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2021年7月13日に、日本国に出願された特願2021-115757号に基づき優先権を主張し、この内容をここに援用する。
以下の特許文献1には、燃焼器に供給する燃料として、アンモニアを用いるガスタービン設備が開示されている。アンモニアをガスタービンの燃料として用いる場合、アンモニアが燃焼すると、このアンモニアを形成する窒素の一部がNOxになる。このため、このガスタービン設備は、ガスタービンからの排気ガスが流れる流路中に脱硝装置を設けている。
燃焼器を有するガスタービンと、前記燃焼器にアンモニアを供給するアンモニア供給装置と、前記ガスタービンからの排気ガスが流れる排気ガス流路を形成する流路形成枠と、前記排気ガス流路内に配置され、前記排気ガス流路内に散水できる散水器を有する散水装置と、前記散水装置の動作を制御する散水制御器と、を備える。前記散水制御器は、前記アンモニア供給装置から前記燃焼器へのアンモニア供給開始指示又はアンモニア供給停止指示を受け付けることを条件として、前記散水装置に対して散水開始を指示する。
ガスタービン設備は、燃焼器を有するガスタービンと、前記燃焼器にアンモニアを供給するアンモニア供給装置と、前記ガスタービンからの排気ガスが流れる排気ガス流路を形成する流路形成枠と、を備える。
本態様におけるアンモニア排出抑制方法では、前記排気ガス流路内に散水する散水工程を実行する。前記散水工程では、前記アンモニア供給装置から前記燃焼器へのアンモニアの供給開始指示、又はアンモニアの供給停止指示を受け付けることを条件として、前記排気ガス流路内への散水を開始する。
以下、本開示に係るガスタービン設備の第一実施形態について、図1~図3を用いて説明する。
a.ガスタービン10の通常停止を外部から受け付けた場合
b.何らかのトラブルで、外部からの指示若しくはガスタービン10に設けられている各種センサからの信号により、ガスタービン10を緊急停止する必要が生じた場合
である。
ガスタービン10を緊急停止する必要が生じた場合とは、具体的に、燃焼筒15c内でのアンモニアの失火した場合、ガスタービン10に接続されている発電機と外部電力系統との緊急遮断を外部から受けた場合等がある。
以下、本開示に係るガスタービン設備の第二実施形態について、図4及び図5を用いて説明する。
以下、本開示に係るガスタービン設備の第三実施形態について、図6を用いて説明する。
以上の実施形態におけるガスタービン設備は、例えば、以下のように把握される。
燃焼器15を有するガスタービン10と、前記燃焼器15にアンモニアを供給するアンモニア供給装置20と、前記ガスタービン10からの排気ガスが流れる排気ガス流路35を形成する流路形成枠34と、前記排気ガス流路35内に配置され、前記排気ガス流路35内に散水できる散水器61,61aを有する散水装置60,60aと、前記散水装置60,60aの動作を制御する散水制御器92と、を備える。前記散水制御器92は、前記アンモニア供給装置20から前記燃焼器15へのアンモニアの供給開始指示、又はアンモニアの供給停止指示を受け付けることを条件として、前記散水装置60,60aに対して散水開始を指示する。
前記第一態様におけるガスタービン設備において、前記散水制御器92は、前記アンモニアの供給開始指示、又は前記アンモニアの供給停止指示を受け付けてから、予め定められた時間の経過後に、前記散水装置60,60aに対して散水停止を指示する。前記予め定められた時間の終了時点は、ガスタービン10から未燃焼のアンモニアが排気されなくなると想定される時点よりも後の時点である。
前記第一態様又は前記第二態様におけるガスタービン設備において、前記排気ガス流路35内に散水された水を含む液体を流路形成枠34の外に導く水回収ライン71,71aをさらに備える。
前記第三態様におけるガスタービン設備において、ミストを捕集できるミストエリミネータ70をさらに備える。前記流路形成枠34は、前記ガスタービン10に接続されているダクト31を有する。前記ダクト31には、前記排気ガス流路35の少なくとも一部を形成するダクトガス流路36が形成されている。前記散水器61は、前記ダクトガス流路36中に配置され、前記ダクトガス流路36中の前記排気ガスの流れの下流側に向かって、散水可能に構成されている。前記ミストエリミネータ70は、前記ダクトガス流路36中であって、前記散水器61よりも前記下流側に配置されている。前記水回収ライン71は、前記ダクト31中で、前記ミストエリミネータ70よりも前記排気ガスの流れ方向における下流側の位置、又は前記排気ガスの流れ方向で前記ミストエリミネータ70が配置されている領域、に接続されている。
前記第三態様におけるガスタービン設備において、前記流路形成枠34は、前記ガスタービン10に接続されているダクト31と、前記ダクト31に接続されている煙突33と、を有する。前記煙突33には、前記排気ガス流路35の少なくとも一部を形成し、鉛直方向に延びる煙突ガス流路37が形成されている。前記散水器61aは、前記煙突ガス流路37中に配置され、水平方向成分を有する方向に向かって、散水可能に構成されている。前記水回収ライン71aは、前記煙突33中で、前記散水器61aが配置されている位置よりも下側の位置に接続されている。
前記第三態様から前記第五態様のいずれか一態様におけるガスタービン設備において、前記散水装置60,60aは、前記排気ガス流路35内に散水する水を溜めておくことができる水タンク62と、前記水タンク62内の水を前記散水器61,61aに供給できる水供給装置66と、を有する。前記散水制御器92は、前記水供給装置66を制御する。
前記第六態様におけるガスタービン設備において、前記排気ガス流路35中であって、前記散水器61,61aよりも、前記排気ガスの流れ方向における上流側に配置され、前記排気ガス中の窒素酸化物を除去する脱硝装置50と、前記水タンク62内の水を前記脱硝装置50に供給できるアンモニア水供給装置74と、をさらに備える。前記水回収ライン71,71aは、前記水タンク62に接続されている。前記水タンク62には、前記水タンク62内のアンモニア濃度を検知できるアンモニア濃度計64が設けられている。前記アンモニア水供給装置74は、前記アンモニア濃度計64で検知されたアンモニア濃度が予め定められた濃度以上になると、前記水タンク62内の水を前記脱硝装置50に供給する。
前記第六態様におけるガスタービン設備において、前記アンモニアとの反応で塩が生成される酸を前記水タンク62内に供給できる酸供給装置80と、前記水タンク62内の水を排水処理装置89に導くことができる処理水供給装置77と、をさらに備える。前記水回収ライン71,71aは、前記水タンク62に接続されている。前記水タンク62には、前記水タンク62内の前記塩の量を検知できる塩量検知器65が設けられている。前記処理水供給装置77は、前記塩量検知器65で検知された前記塩の量が予め定められた量以上になると、前記水タンク62内の水を排水処理装置89に導く。
(9)第九態様におけるガスタービン設備のアンモニア排出抑制方法は、以下のガスタービン設備に適用される。
ガスタービン設備は、燃焼器15を有するガスタービン10と、前記燃焼器15にアンモニアを供給するアンモニア供給装置20と、前記ガスタービン10からの排気ガスが流れる排気ガス流路35を形成する流路形成枠34と、を備える。
本態様におけるアンモニア排出抑制方法では、前記排気ガス流路35内に散水する散水工程S16を実行する。前記散水工程S16では、前記アンモニア供給装置20から前記燃焼器15へのアンモニアの供給開始指示、又はアンモニアの供給停止指示を受け付けることを条件として、前記排気ガス流路35内への散水を開始する。
前記第九態様におけるガスタービン設備のアンモニア排出抑制方法において、前記散水工程S16では、前記アンモニアの供給開始指示、又は前記アンモニアの供給停止指示を受け付けてから、予め定められた時間の経過後に、前記排気ガス流路35内への散水を停止する。前記予め定められた時間の終了時点は、ガスタービン10から未燃焼のアンモニアが排気されなくなると想定される時点よりも後の時点である。
11:ガスタービンロータ
12:中間ケーシング
14:圧縮機
14r:圧縮機ロータ
14c:圧縮機ケーシング
15:燃焼器
15c:燃焼筒(又は尾筒)
15n:燃料ノズル
15i:点火栓
16:タービン
16r:タービンロータ
16c:タービンケーシング
20:アンモニア供給装置
21:アンモニアタンク
22:アンモニアライン
23:アンモニアポンプ
24:気化器
25:燃料調節弁
26:パージガスライン
27:パージガス調節弁
30:排熱回収ボイラ
31:ダクト
32:伝熱管
33:煙突
34:流路形成枠
35:排気ガス流路
36:ダクトガス流路
37:煙突ガス流路
41:蒸気タービン
42:主蒸気ライン
43:復水器
44:給水ライン
45:ポンプ
50:脱硝装置
51:触媒層
52:アンモニア散布器
53:アンモニア水供給ライン
54:アンモニア水調節弁
60,60a:散水装置
61,61a:散水器
61h:リングヘッダ
61n:ノズル
62:水タンク
63:補給水ライン
64:アンモニア濃度計
65:塩量検知器
66:水供給装置
67:水ライン
68:水供給ポンプ
69:水調節弁
70:ミストエリミネータ
71,71a:水回収ライン
74:アンモニア水供給装置
75:アンモニア水サブライン
76:アンモニア水サブ調節弁
77:処理水供給装置
78:処理水ライン
79:処理水調節弁
80:酸供給装置
81:酸タンク
82:酸ライン
83:酸供給ポンプ
84:酸調節弁
89:排水処理装置
90:制御装置
91:ガスタービン制御器
92:散水制御器
Claims (10)
- 燃焼器を有するガスタービンと、
前記燃焼器にアンモニアを供給するアンモニア供給装置と、
前記ガスタービンからの排気ガスが流れる排気ガス流路を形成する流路形成枠と、
前記排気ガス流路内に配置され、前記排気ガス流路内に散水できる散水器を有する散水装置と、
前記散水装置の動作を制御する散水制御器と、
を備え、
前記散水制御器は、前記アンモニア供給装置から前記燃焼器へのアンモニアの供給開始指示、又はアンモニアの供給停止指示を受け付けることを条件として、前記散水装置に対して散水開始を指示する、
ガスタービン設備。 - 請求項1に記載のガスタービン設備において、
前記散水制御器は、前記アンモニアの供給開始指示、又は前記アンモニアの供給停止指示を受け付けてから、予め定められた時間の経過後に、前記散水装置に対して散水停止を指示し、
前記予め定められた時間の終了時点は、ガスタービンから未燃焼のアンモニアが排気されなくなると想定される時点よりも後の時点である、
ガスタービン設備。 - 請求項1又は2に記載のガスタービン設備において、
前記排気ガス流路内に散水された水を含む液体を流路形成枠の外に導く水回収ラインをさらに備える、
ガスタービン設備。 - 請求項3に記載のガスタービン設備において、
ミストを捕集できるミストエリミネータをさらに備え、
前記流路形成枠は、前記ガスタービンに接続されているダクトを有し、
前記ダクトには、前記排気ガス流路の少なくとも一部を形成するダクトガス流路が形成されており、
前記散水器は、前記ダクトガス流路中に配置され、前記ダクトガス流路中の前記排気ガスの流れの下流側に向かって、散水可能に構成され、
前記ミストエリミネータは、前記ダクトガス流路中であって、前記散水器よりも前記下流側に配置され、
前記水回収ラインは、前記ダクト中で、前記ミストエリミネータよりも前記排気ガスの流れ方向における下流側の位置、又は前記排気ガスの流れ方向で前記ミストエリミネータが配置されている領域、に接続されている、
ガスタービン設備。 - 請求項3に記載のガスタービン設備において、
前記流路形成枠は、前記ガスタービンに接続されているダクトと、前記ダクトに接続されている煙突と、を有し、
前記煙突には、前記排気ガス流路の少なくとも一部を形成し、鉛直方向に延びる煙突ガス流路が形成されており、
前記散水器は、前記煙突ガス流路中に配置され、水平方向成分を有する方向に向かって、散水可能に構成され、
前記水回収ラインは、前記煙突中で、前記散水器が配置されている位置よりも下側の位置に接続されている、
ガスタービン設備。 - 請求項3から5のいずれか一項に記載のガスタービン設備において、
前記散水装置は、前記排気ガス流路内に散水する水を溜めておくことができる水タンクと、前記水タンク内の水を前記散水器に供給できる水供給装置と、を有し、
前記散水制御器は、前記水供給装置を制御する、
ガスタービン設備。 - 請求項6に記載のガスタービン設備において、
前記排気ガス流路中であって、前記散水器よりも、前記排気ガスの流れ方向における上流側に配置され、前記排気ガス中の窒素酸化物を除去する脱硝装置と、
前記水タンク内の水を前記脱硝装置に供給できるアンモニア水供給装置と、
をさらに備え、
前記水回収ラインは、前記水タンクに接続され、
前記水タンクには、前記水タンク内のアンモニア濃度を検知できるアンモニア濃度計が設けられ、
前記アンモニア水供給装置は、前記アンモニア濃度計で検知されたアンモニア濃度が予め定められた濃度以上になると、前記水タンク内の水を前記脱硝装置に供給する、
ガスタービン設備。 - 請求項6に記載のガスタービン設備において、
前記アンモニアとの反応で塩が生成される酸を前記水タンク内に供給できる酸供給装置と、
前記水タンク内の水を排水処理装置に導くことができる処理水供給装置と、
をさらに備え、
前記水回収ラインは、前記水タンクに接続され、
前記水タンクには、前記水タンク内の前記塩の量を検知できる塩量検知器が設けられ、
前記処理水供給装置は、前記塩量検知器で検知された前記塩の量が予め定められた量以上になると、前記水タンク内の水を排水処理装置に導く、
ガスタービン設備。 - 燃焼器を有するガスタービンと、前記燃焼器にアンモニアを供給するアンモニア供給装置と、前記ガスタービンからの排気ガスが流れる排気ガス流路を形成する流路形成枠と、を備えるガスタービン設備のアンモニア排出抑制方法において、
前記排気ガス流路内に散水する散水工程を実行し、
前記散水工程では、前記アンモニア供給装置から前記燃焼器へのアンモニアの供給開始指示、又はアンモニアの供給停止指示を受け付けることを条件として、前記排気ガス流路内への散水を開始する、
ガスタービン設備のアンモニア排出抑制方法。 - 請求項9に記載のガスタービン設備のアンモニア排出抑制方法において、
前記散水工程では、前記アンモニアの供給開始指示、又は前記アンモニアの供給停止指示を受け付けてから、予め定められた時間の経過後に、前記排気ガス流路内への散水を停止し、
前記予め定められた時間の終了時点は、ガスタービンから未燃焼のアンモニアが排気されなくなると想定される時点よりも後の時点である、
ガスタービン設備のアンモニア排出抑制方法。
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JP2019015179A (ja) * | 2017-07-03 | 2019-01-31 | 株式会社東芝 | 燃焼装置およびガスタービン |
JP2021032230A (ja) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-03-01 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 内燃機関システム |
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US20170204786A1 (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2017-07-20 | General Electric Company | System and method for injecting tempering air for hot scr catalyst |
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JP6806350B1 (ja) | 2020-01-24 | 2021-01-06 | タマダ株式会社 | 2軸延伸ブロー成形機の加熱装置及び2軸延伸ブロー成形機 |
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JP2019015179A (ja) * | 2017-07-03 | 2019-01-31 | 株式会社東芝 | 燃焼装置およびガスタービン |
JP2021032230A (ja) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-03-01 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 内燃機関システム |
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WO2024133918A1 (de) | 2022-12-23 | 2024-06-27 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Verminderung von nox und n2o im abgas von mit nh3 betriebenen feuerungsanlagen, insbesondere gasturbinen |
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JP2023012236A (ja) | 2023-01-25 |
US20240337207A1 (en) | 2024-10-10 |
DE112022003519T5 (de) | 2024-05-23 |
CN117480316A (zh) | 2024-01-30 |
TW202309446A (zh) | 2023-03-01 |
TWI840871B (zh) | 2024-05-01 |
KR20240008899A (ko) | 2024-01-19 |
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