WO2023280821A1 - Verfahren zum herstellen von formteilen aus carbon oder graphit mittels 3d-druck - Google Patents
Verfahren zum herstellen von formteilen aus carbon oder graphit mittels 3d-druck Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023280821A1 WO2023280821A1 PCT/EP2022/068535 EP2022068535W WO2023280821A1 WO 2023280821 A1 WO2023280821 A1 WO 2023280821A1 EP 2022068535 W EP2022068535 W EP 2022068535W WO 2023280821 A1 WO2023280821 A1 WO 2023280821A1
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- Prior art keywords
- molded part
- temperature
- mixture
- radiation
- printer
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004904 UV filter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011294 coal tar pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010100 freeform fabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000462 isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011301 petroleum pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical class [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 silicon oxide Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/52—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite
- C04B35/522—Graphite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/52—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite
- C04B35/524—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite obtained from polymer precursors, e.g. glass-like carbon material
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
- C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
- C04B35/573—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide obtained by reaction sintering or recrystallisation
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62645—Thermal treatment of powders or mixtures thereof other than sintering
- C04B35/6267—Pyrolysis, carbonisation or auto-combustion reactions
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- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/6269—Curing of mixtures
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- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63444—Nitrogen-containing polymers, e.g. polyacrylamides, polyacrylonitriles, polyvinylpyrrolidone [PVP], polyethylenimine [PEI]
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- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
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- C04B35/636—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/636—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C04B35/6365—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/40—Metallic constituents or additives not added as binding phase
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/48—Organic compounds becoming part of a ceramic after heat treatment, e.g. carbonising phenol resins
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
- C04B2235/6026—Computer aided shaping, e.g. rapid prototyping
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/658—Atmosphere during thermal treatment
- C04B2235/6581—Total pressure below 1 atmosphere, e.g. vacuum
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing molded parts made of carbon or graphite using 3D printing.
- Such molded parts made of graphite which are also suitable for high-temperature applications, for example, can be any three-dimensional components, such as linings for furnaces, structural components or any hollow body, such as seals, sliding bodies or the like.
- a suitable carbonaceous and moldable mass must generally be produced.
- a suitable binder such as a thermoplastic binder.
- Pitch based on coal tar or petroleum pitch or synthetic resins can also be used as binders.
- This blank is then carbonized in an oven at around 3,000 °C, during which the binder is converted into volatile components decomposed. Carbon and binder coke remain as remnants of the binder in the form of a porous structure.
- the green molding can also be used as a resistance element in an oven or the like. arranged between electrodes and heated by current flow until complete carbonization.
- the finished carbonized components can also be post-processed mechanically, e.g. B. are smoothed.
- a method for 3D printing of a 3-dimensional object has become known from EP 3359 218 Bl, which comprises the following steps:
- the relatively low stability of the printed blank is also critical here, as far as its further handling before solidification is concerned.
- WO 95/32824 A1 relates to a method for use in foundry technology as a further publication relating to the general prior art. With the process, a mold is made from a thermosetting material by layer-by-layer selective solidification of layers
- the molding material produced under the influence of electromagnetic radiation.
- the molding material consists of a material that is inert to electromagnetic radiation and a second material that can be cured by electromagnetic radiation, as a result of which the molding material is solidified.
- the first material consists of various sands, carbon sand, fused silica, or metal or ceramic powder and the second material consists of various
- US 2016/0114529 A1 relates to a device for producing a three-dimensional object, which is done by laminating layers using a resin that can be crosslinked by means of UV radiation and subsequent heat treatment.
- US 2019/0047173 A1 describes a method and material for the additive manufacturing of a material containing ceramics.
- the ceramic-containing material is mixed with a hardenable resin in a specified ratio and applied in layers with a 3D printer.
- the object of the invention is now to create a method for producing molded parts made of carbon or graphite by means of 3D printing, which is particularly easy to implement and which also allows complex ones
- a solvent can also be admixed to the radiation-transmissive and polymerizable polymer or cellulose.
- the solvents used are dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO),
- DMF dimethylformamide
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- the pre-hardened molded part is stabilized by uniformly heating it in the oven to a stabilization temperature and then briefly tempering it at a constant temperature.
- the stabilization of the prefabricated molded part is preferably carried out over a period of several hours, depending on the size of the molded part, at a temperature of 200° C. to a maximum of 450° C. and preferably 250° C.
- the carbonization of the molded part takes place in the furnace under protective gas or in a vacuum at a temperature of approx. 1,000°C.
- the graphitization takes place in the furnace under protective gas or in a vacuum at a temperature of 2,000° C., full graphitization being carried out at a temperature of >2,500°C.
- the graphitization of the molded part is preferably carried out at a pressure of 700 mbar under argon as protective gas or in a vacuum with a heating ramp of 1° C. min.
- a metal or silicon oxide can also be added to the polymer mixture, so that after the prefabrication of the molded part with the 3D printer and its subsequent stabilization, a high-temperature treatment at > 1,000 °C can be carried out in order to form metal or silicon carbides care must be taken that the mixture does not become opaque to UV radiation, as would be the case, for example, when adding pitch.
- the metal or silicon oxides are usually UV-transparent, so that UV radiation can easily pass through.
- pure silicon or pure metal can also be mixed into the polymeric mixture, but then only thin layers can be printed because the penetration depth of the UV radiation is only very small.
- the invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment.
- a solvent such as DMSO, can also be admixed to the radiation-transmissive and polymerizable polymer or cellulose.
- PAN polyacrylonitrile
- other polymerizable and thus stabilizeable polymers or cellulose can also be used.
- the prerequisite is that the polymers or cellulose used allow UV radiation to pass through.
- PAN polyacrylonitrile
- DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxide
- DMF dimethylformamide
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- the UV-curable resin can be a DLP Photopolymer resin (resin) or an SLA resin (resin), or another suitable resin that is transparent to UV radiation.
- metal oxides such as silicon oxide
- a molded part is then produced by layer-by-layer printing of the polymer mixture with a 3D printer with simultaneous exposure to UV radiation for layer-by-layer crosslinking of the UV-sensitive resin.
- Radiation from a beamer with the UV filter removed is sufficient for cross-linking the UV-sensitive resin in layers.
- the precured molded part produced in this way is then immediately stabilized in air in an oven at a temperature of 200° C.-maximum 450° C., preferably at a temperature of 250° C., with volatile components outgassing from the precured molded part.
- UV-sensitive resin which is crosslinked/hardened under the influence of UV radiation, makes it possible to print a molded part that achieves sufficient stability during the printing process to allow handling of the same for the further to enable manufacturing steps.
- the UV-cured molded part is stabilized by uniformly heating the molded part in the oven to Stabilization temperature and subsequent brief annealing at constant temperature until all volatile components of the mixture have outgassed.
- the stabilization is preferably carried out over a period of several hours, depending on the size of the molded part.
- the furnace is further heated to a temperature required for complete graphitization.
- the prefabricated molded part After the prefabricated molded part has been stabilized, it is carbonized in the furnace under protective gas or in a vacuum at a temperature of approx. 1,000 °C.
- the prefabricated molded part can be graphitized in the furnace under a protective gas or in a vacuum at a temperature of 2,000 °C, with full graphitization being able to be achieved at a temperature of >2,500 °C.
- the graphitization of the molded part is preferably carried out at a pressure of 700 mbar under argon as protective gas or in a vacuum with a heating ramp of 1°C min.
- argon as protective gas
- other noble gases such as neon, krypton, xenon can also be used.
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
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CN202280048303.3A CN117730003A (zh) | 2021-07-08 | 2022-07-05 | 通过3d打印生产由碳或石墨制成的成型制品的方法 |
EP22744438.7A EP4366950A1 (de) | 2021-07-08 | 2022-07-05 | Verfahren zum herstellen von formteilen aus carbon oder graphit mittels 3d-druck |
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DE102021117691.3 | 2021-07-08 | ||
DE102021117691.3A DE102021117691A1 (de) | 2021-07-08 | 2021-07-08 | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Formteilen aus Karbon oder Graphit mittels 3D-Druck |
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EP (1) | EP4366950A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN117730003A (de) |
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Citations (8)
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WO1995032824A1 (de) | 1994-05-27 | 1995-12-07 | Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems | Verfahren für den einsatz in der giessereitechnik |
US20160114529A1 (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2016-04-28 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Three-dimensional object manufacturing method, three-dimensional object manufacturing device, and three-dimensional object |
US20160160021A1 (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2016-06-09 | Mariko Kojima | Liquid material for forming three-dimensional object and material set for forming three-dimensional object, and three-dimensional object producing method |
WO2018196965A1 (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2018-11-01 | Università Degli Studi Di Pavia | Manufacture of ceramic objects by 3d-printing |
US20180346384A1 (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2018-12-06 | Sgl Carbon Se | Plastic component comprising a carbon filler |
US20190047173A1 (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-14 | United Technologies Corporation | Method and material for additively manufacturing a ceramic containing article |
CN110483050A (zh) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-11-22 | 华东理工大学 | 一种光固化3d打印梯级多孔碳材料及其制备方法 |
EP3359218B1 (de) | 2015-10-09 | 2022-03-02 | NxStage Medical Inc. | Körpertemperaturmessvorrichtungen, -verfahren und -systeme |
-
2021
- 2021-07-08 DE DE102021117691.3A patent/DE102021117691A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-07-05 CN CN202280048303.3A patent/CN117730003A/zh active Pending
- 2022-07-05 EP EP22744438.7A patent/EP4366950A1/de active Pending
- 2022-07-05 WO PCT/EP2022/068535 patent/WO2023280821A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO1995032824A1 (de) | 1994-05-27 | 1995-12-07 | Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems | Verfahren für den einsatz in der giessereitechnik |
US20160114529A1 (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2016-04-28 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Three-dimensional object manufacturing method, three-dimensional object manufacturing device, and three-dimensional object |
US20160160021A1 (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2016-06-09 | Mariko Kojima | Liquid material for forming three-dimensional object and material set for forming three-dimensional object, and three-dimensional object producing method |
EP3359218B1 (de) | 2015-10-09 | 2022-03-02 | NxStage Medical Inc. | Körpertemperaturmessvorrichtungen, -verfahren und -systeme |
US20180346384A1 (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2018-12-06 | Sgl Carbon Se | Plastic component comprising a carbon filler |
WO2018196965A1 (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2018-11-01 | Università Degli Studi Di Pavia | Manufacture of ceramic objects by 3d-printing |
US20190047173A1 (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-14 | United Technologies Corporation | Method and material for additively manufacturing a ceramic containing article |
CN110483050A (zh) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-11-22 | 华东理工大学 | 一种光固化3d打印梯级多孔碳材料及其制备方法 |
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DE102021117691A1 (de) | 2023-01-12 |
EP4366950A1 (de) | 2024-05-15 |
CN117730003A (zh) | 2024-03-19 |
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