WO2023273920A1 - 电池箱体和具有其的电池包及车辆 - Google Patents

电池箱体和具有其的电池包及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023273920A1
WO2023273920A1 PCT/CN2022/099506 CN2022099506W WO2023273920A1 WO 2023273920 A1 WO2023273920 A1 WO 2023273920A1 CN 2022099506 W CN2022099506 W CN 2022099506W WO 2023273920 A1 WO2023273920 A1 WO 2023273920A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
insulating coating
pack
housing
battery case
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/099506
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈佳佳
唐江龙
彭青波
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority to KR1020237031959A priority Critical patent/KR20230148206A/ko
Priority to JP2023555725A priority patent/JP2024516498A/ja
Priority to CA3213950A priority patent/CA3213950A1/en
Priority to EP22831738.4A priority patent/EP4297156A1/en
Publication of WO2023273920A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023273920A1/zh
Priority to US18/475,550 priority patent/US20240030534A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/293—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/231—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks having a layered structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/222—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/224—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/227—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/588—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries outside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of terminals or busbars
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/595—Tapes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery case, a battery pack having the same, and a vehicle.
  • the battery cells of many battery packs are insulated from the aluminum shell or end plates and side plates by covering the cells with PET insulating film (high temperature resistant polyester film), and the PET film is generally bonded to the cells with pressure-sensitive adhesive or use a hot pressing process to hot press PET on the side plates and end plates.
  • PET insulating film high temperature resistant polyester film
  • each battery cell needs to be covered with an insulating film, which is cumbersome to operate, and the film is prone to wrinkles, which affects assembly. .
  • the present application proposes a battery case, which has a simple structure, can be well insulated from the battery cells, and does not affect the assembly of the battery cells.
  • the present application also proposes a battery pack having the above-mentioned battery case.
  • the present application also proposes a vehicle having the above-mentioned battery pack.
  • the battery box includes a metal frame, and a plurality of accommodating cavities for accommodating batteries are formed in the metal frame, and the plurality of accommodating cavities are arranged at intervals.
  • the inner surface of the housing cavity is provided with an insulating coating, and the thickness D of the insulating coating satisfies: Among them, I is the test current, the unit is ampere; V is the test voltage, the unit is volts; p is the volume resistivity of the insulating coating, the unit is ⁇ m; D is the spraying thickness of the insulating coating, the unit is m; A is the total sprayed area of the insulating coating, in m 2 , in some embodiments, the test voltage V is not less than 3000 volts, and the test current I is less than 1 mA.
  • the battery box of the present application by providing a plurality of accommodation cavities arranged at intervals, and providing an insulating coating on the inner surface of the accommodation cavity, it can not only improve the insulation effect between the battery box and the battery cell, but also reduce the risk of insulation failure , improve the safety performance of the battery pack.
  • the elongation at break of the insulating coating is greater than 100%.
  • the thickness of the insulating coating is 0.05mm-0.3mm.
  • the insulating coating is a polyurethane coating.
  • the metal frame includes: a casing, at least one end of which is open in the first direction; a plurality of partitions, a plurality of partitions are arranged in the casing, a plurality of partitions extending along the first direction and arranged at intervals in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the plurality of partitions divide the inner space of the housing into a plurality of the accommodating cavities .
  • the height of each accommodating cavity is 0.1m-0.13m.
  • the spraying area of the insulating coating in each of the accommodating chambers is 0.1m 2 -0.5m 2 .
  • the battery pack according to the second aspect of the present application includes the battery case according to the first aspect of the present application; and a battery cell, and the battery cell is arranged in the accommodating cavity.
  • the battery pack of the present application by arranging the battery case of the first aspect above, not only the insulation effect between the battery case and the battery cells can be improved, the risk of insulation failure can be reduced, the safety performance of the battery pack can be improved, and the battery capacity can be improved.
  • the overall performance of the package by arranging the battery case of the first aspect above, not only the insulation effect between the battery case and the battery cells can be improved, the risk of insulation failure can be reduced, the safety performance of the battery pack can be improved, and the battery capacity can be improved.
  • the battery cell is a soft-pack battery cell, and a plurality of the soft-pack battery cells are arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the plurality of the soft-pack battery cells are arranged along the first direction and connected in series connected, the battery pack further includes: an insulating film, and the insulating film covers the outer sides of the plurality of soft batteries.
  • the vehicle according to the third aspect of the present application includes the battery pack according to the second aspect of the present application.
  • the overall performance of the vehicle is improved by providing the battery pack of the second aspect.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an angle of a battery case according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another angle of the battery case shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another angle of the battery box shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another angle of the battery box shown in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Metal frame 10 housing 1, partition 2, mounting seat 3, mounting hole 31,
  • a battery case 100 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1-4 .
  • the battery case includes a metal frame 10 , and a plurality of housings for accommodating battery cells 500 are formed in the metal frame 10 .
  • each accommodating cavity 101 is respectively used to set the battery cell 500 (such as a soft-packed battery cell), for example, in one accommodating cavity 101, only Set a group (a string) of soft-packed batteries (each group of soft-packed batteries may include a plurality of connected soft-packed batteries), so that multiple groups of batteries 500 in the battery box 100 can be isolated, thereby , the number of cell groups arranged in each chamber 101 can be less, and the cells 500 in each chamber 101 can be fixed more conveniently, and the fixing effect on the cells 500 can be improved; at the same time, due to multiple groups of cells
  • the cores 500 are separated by different accommodating chambers 101, and the heat insulation effect between multiple groups of battery cells 500 is better, so that when a problem occurs in a certain group of battery cells 500, it will not directly affect other groups of battery cells 500, thereby avoiding There is a problem with the chain of 500 batteries in other groups, and the safety performance of the battery pack 1000 is improved.
  • the insulating coating 40 by disposing the insulating coating 40 on the inner wall of each containing cavity 101, when the battery cell 500 is placed in the containing cavity 101, the insulating coating 40 can be placed between the battery cell 500 and the battery case.
  • the metal frame 10 of 100 has the effect of electrical isolation, so as to ensure the insulation effect between the battery case 100 and the battery cell 500 .
  • the insulating coating 40 is directly sprayed or coated on the inner surface of the housing chamber 101, it can be ensured that the insulating coating 40 can effectively cover the inner surface of the housing chamber 101, thus increasing the distance between the battery core 500 and the metal frame 10. The creepage distance between them reduces the risk of insulation failure.
  • the thickness D of the insulating coating 40 can satisfy:
  • test voltage and test current are the test voltage and test current of the battery case 100 in this embodiment when the insulation performance test is performed.
  • the insulating coating 40 can meet the requirements of the insulation performance between the battery case 100 and the battery cell 500, reducing the risk of insulation failure. Improve the safety performance of the battery pack 1000.
  • test voltage V is not less than 3000 volts
  • test current I is less than 1 mA, that is, V ⁇ 3000v and I ⁇ 1mA.
  • the insulating coating 40 can meet the insulation performance requirements between the battery case 100 and the battery cell 500 .
  • the battery case 100 of the embodiment of the present application by providing a plurality of accommodating cavities 101 arranged at intervals, and providing an insulating coating 40 on the inner surface of the accommodating cavities 101, not only the distance between the battery case 100 and the battery cell 500 can be improved.
  • the insulation effect reduces the risk of insulation failure, and can also isolate the battery cells 500 in different accommodation chambers 101 from each other, improving the safety performance of the battery pack 1000 .
  • the insulating coating 40 may be a polyurethane coating. That is to say, the insulating coating 40 is mainly polyurethane coating material, and the elastic modulus of the polyurethane coating material is low, which can play a role of cushioning and shock absorption for the battery cell 500 and eliminate local stress concentration of the battery cell 500 .
  • the polyurethane coating can effectively cover the inner surface of the cavity 101 of the battery case 100 , increase the creepage distance between the pouch cell and the metal frame 10 , and reduce the risk of insulation failure.
  • the elongation at break of the insulating coating 40 may be greater than 100%.
  • the elongation at break of the insulating coating 40 may be 110%, 120%, 130%, 150%, 170%, or 200%, among others. In this way, the elongation at break of the insulating coating 40 is relatively high.
  • the insulating coating 40 can play a role of cushioning and shock absorption for the electric core 500, and can The local stress concentration of the battery cell 500 is eliminated.
  • the thickness of the insulating coating 40 is 0.05mm-0.3mm, that is to say, the thickness of the insulating coating 40 may be in the range of 0.05mm-0.3mm.
  • the thickness of the insulating coating 40 may be 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, and so on. In this way, the user can determine the thickness of the insulating coating 40 according to the voltage and current of different battery packs 1000 and different battery cells 500 to meet the insulation requirements of different battery packs 1000 and different battery cells 500 .
  • the metal frame 10 includes: a housing 1 and a plurality of partitions 2, the housing 1 may be formed in a box shape, and the housing 1 is in the first At least one end in a direction (such as the front-rear direction shown in FIG. 1 ) is open, wherein the first direction may be the length direction of the casing, and the first direction may also be the width direction of the casing.
  • the housing 1 is formed into a rectangular parallelepiped box shape, and the two ends of the housing 1 in the length direction are all open.
  • the housing 1 has an upper side plate, a left side plate, a lower side plate and a right
  • the side plates, the upper side plate and the lower side plate are arranged parallel and spaced up and down, the left side plate and the right side plate are arranged parallel and spaced apart, and the upper side plate and the left side plate are perpendicular to each other.
  • a plurality of partitions 2 are arranged in the housing 1, and the plurality of partitions 2 extend along a first direction (for example, the front-rear direction shown in FIG. 1 ), and the plurality of partitions 2 extend vertically.
  • a plurality of partitions 2 Arranged at intervals in a second direction (such as the left-right direction shown in FIG. 1 ) in a first direction (such as the front-to-back direction shown in FIG. 1 ), a plurality of partitions 2 divide the internal space of the housing 1 into a plurality of housings.
  • Cavity 101 in other words, a housing cavity 101 may be defined between every two adjacent partitions 2, and the two partitions 2 located at the outermost sides in the width direction of the casing 1 among the plurality of partitions 2 are respectively connected to the casing.
  • An accommodating cavity 101 is defined between two side panels in the width direction (for example, a left side panel and a right side panel of the casing 1).
  • a plurality of accommodation cavities 101 can be formed in the housing 1 , the plurality of accommodation cavities 101 are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the housing 1 , and the plurality of accommodation cavities 101 extend in the length direction of the housing 1 .
  • the second direction is the width direction of the housing
  • the first direction is the width direction of the housing
  • the second direction is the length direction of the housing
  • the metal frame body 10 can be integrally formed, in other words, the metal frame body 10 is not a split detachable structure. In this way, the integrity of the battery case 100 can be enhanced, and the overall strength of the battery case 100 can be enhanced.
  • the height of each accommodating chamber 101 is 0.1m-0.13m, that is, the height of each accommodating chamber 101 may range from 0.1m to 0.13m. As shown in FIG. 2 , the height of the accommodating chamber 101 in the vertical direction is in the range of 0.1 m to 0.13 m. For example, the height of the accommodation chamber 101 may be 0.11 m, 0.12 m, and so on. In this way, the user can set the size of the housing chamber 101 according to the number of battery cells 500 in the battery pack, so that the size of a certain number of battery cells 500 connected in series matches and adapts to the size of the housing chamber 101, so that the battery pack in the battery pack A plurality of battery cells 500 can fill up the containing cavity 101 .
  • the spraying area of the insulating coating 40 in each accommodation chamber 101 is 0.1m 2 -0.5m 2 , that is to say, the spraying area of the insulating coating 40 in each accommodation chamber 101 may be 0.1m 2 -0.5m2 range.
  • the spraying area of the insulating coating 40 in each accommodating cavity 101 may be 0.2m 2 , 0.3m 2 , 0.4m 2 and so on.
  • the battery case 100 includes a rectangular parallelepiped housing 1 and a plurality of partitions 2 disposed in the housing 1.
  • the front and rear sides of the housing 1 are open, and the partitions 2 are arranged along the front-to-back direction.
  • the partition plate 2 divides the space in the housing 1 into a plurality of accommodating chambers 101 arranged at intervals along the left and right, each accommodating chamber 101 has a bottom wall, a top wall, a left side wall and the right side wall, the insulating coating 40 is sprayed on the bottom wall, the top wall, the left side wall and the right side wall of the accommodating chamber 101, and the spraying area of the insulating coating 40 in each accommodating chamber 101 is equal to the bottom of the accommodating chamber 101
  • the total area of the inner wall of each accommodation chamber 101 that is, the spraying area of the insulating coating 40 in each accommodation chamber 101, may be in the range of 0.1m 2 -0.5m 2 .
  • the battery case 100 further includes a mounting base 3, and the mounting base 3 includes two mounting bases 3 respectively arranged on both sides of the width direction of the housing 1, and the two mounting bases 3 are located on the sides of the housing 1. Symmetrically arranged in the width direction. Further, the installation seat 3 extends outwardly away from the housing 1 along the width direction of the housing 1 , and the installation seat 3 extends along the length direction of the housing 1 in a strip shape. Mounting seat 3 is formed with mounting holes 31 passing through mounting seat 3 along the height direction of housing 1 (for example, the up-down direction shown in FIG. 1 ), and the number of mounting holes 31 on each mounting seat 3 is multiple, many The mounting holes 31 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the housing 1 (for example, the front-rear direction shown in FIG. 1 ).
  • the battery pack 1000 includes the battery case 100 and the battery cell 500 according to the above embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, and the battery cell 500 is disposed in the accommodating cavity 101 .
  • the battery cell 500 may be an aluminum shell battery cell, a soft pack battery cell or a cylindrical battery cell.
  • the battery pack 1000 of the embodiment of the present application by providing the battery case 100 of the above-mentioned embodiment of the first aspect, not only the insulation effect between the battery case 100 and the battery cell 500 can be improved, the risk of insulation failure can be reduced, and different The battery cells 500 in the accommodating cavity are isolated from each other, which improves the safety performance of the battery pack 1000 , thereby improving the overall performance of the battery pack 1000 .
  • the battery pack 1000 may include a battery case 100 and a pouch cell.
  • the battery case 100 has a plurality of accommodating cavities 101.
  • the pouch cells are formed in multiple groups.
  • Each group of cells 500 includes a plurality of connected cells. Core 500.
  • multiple groups of soft-packed batteries can correspond to multiple housing cavities 101 one-to-one, and each group of soft-packed batteries can be placed in a corresponding housing cavity 101; the number of soft-packed battery groups can also be greater than the number of housing cavities 101 , at this time, one or more groups of soft-packed batteries can be arranged in one accommodation cavity 101 , preferably, the number of soft-packed batteries in each accommodation cavity 101 is no more than two.
  • the battery cell 500 may be a soft-packed battery cell, a plurality of soft-packed batteries may be provided in the accommodation cavity, and the plurality of soft-packed batteries in the accommodation cavity may be arranged along the first direction ( For example, the front-to-back direction shown in FIG. 1 is arranged and connected in series.
  • a plurality of pouch cells in the housing cavity can be sequentially connected in series along the length direction of the housing cavity.
  • the battery pack 1000 may further include: an insulating film 600, the insulating film 600 is coated on the outside of a plurality of pouch cells, that is to say, the outside of a plurality of pouch cells may be covered with an insulating film 600, for example , the insulating film 600 can be a PET insulating film 600, and the insulating film 600 can be glued to a plurality of soft-packed batteries by pressure-sensitive adhesive.
  • the insulating film 600 can not only initially fix the soft-packed battery cell group, but also facilitate the assembly of the soft-packed battery cell into the accommodating cavity 101 of the battery box 100, and the insulating film 600 can also It can form a two-layer insulation structure with the insulating coating 40 between the pouch cell group and the metal frame 10 of the battery box 100 to enhance the insulation between the pouch cells and the metal frame 10 of the battery box 100 Effect.
  • the insulating film 600 coated on the outside of the pouch battery pack is bonded to the insulating coating 40 on the inner surface of the housing cavity 101, for example, the outer surface of the insulating film 600 and/or
  • the insulating coating 40 on the inner surface of the accommodating cavity is coated with an adhesive layer, and when the pouch cell is assembled into the accommodating cavity, the insulating film 600 and the insulating coating 40 are bonded through the adhesive layer.
  • the inner surface of the housing cavity 101 is provided with the insulating coating 40, there is a high adhesion between the material of the insulating coating 40 and the metal frame 10 (such as an aluminum alloy frame) of the battery case 100, and the insulating coating
  • the material of the layer 40 has a high surface tension, and can be well wetted by the adhesive of the adhesive layer to achieve a higher bonding strength, which is beneficial to the bonding connection between the insulating coating 40 and the insulating film 600, and enhances the adhesion to the insulating film 600.
  • the fixing function of the battery cell 500 structure since the inner surface of the housing cavity 101 is provided with the insulating coating 40, there is a high adhesion between the material of the insulating coating 40 and the metal frame 10 (such as an aluminum alloy frame) of the battery case 100, and the insulating coating
  • the material of the layer 40 has a high surface tension, and can be well wetted by the adhesive of the adhesive layer to achieve a higher bonding strength, which is beneficial to the bond
  • a battery pack 1000 according to a specific embodiment of the present application will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1-4 .
  • the battery pack 1000 includes a battery case 100 and a plurality of battery cells 500 disposed in the battery case 100 .
  • the battery case 100 includes a metal frame 10 and an insulating coating 40.
  • the metal frame 10 is made of an integrally formed all-aluminum material.
  • the casing 1 of the metal frame 10 is formed as a hollow structure in the shape of a cuboid.
  • the front side and the rear side are open, and the interior of the housing 1 is provided with a plurality of partitions 2, and the partitions 2 extend along the front and rear directions, and the space in the housing 1 is divided into a plurality of storage chambers 101 spaced left and right, and the storage chamber 101 is used for To accommodate soft-pack batteries.
  • the length of the housing 1 in the front-rear direction is in the range of 1.5m to 2m
  • the width of the housing 1 in the left-right direction is in the range of 1m to 1.5m
  • the height of the housing 1 in the up-down direction is in the range of 0.1m-0.15m.
  • the width of each accommodating cavity 101 in the left-right direction is in the range of 0.01m to 0.05m
  • the height of the accommodating cavity 101 in the up-down direction is in the range of 0.1m-0.13m.
  • the four surfaces of the housing cavity 101 are all sprayed or coated with an insulating coating 40 , and the insulating coating 40 is used to insulate the pouch cell and the aluminum casing 1 .
  • the volume resistivity, the unit is ⁇ *m, D is the spraying thickness of the insulating layer, the unit is m, A is the total spraying area of the insulating layer, the unit is m 2 , I is the test current, the unit is A, generally need to meet the requirements : I ⁇ 1mA, where V 3000v.
  • the spraying area of the insulating coating 40 of a single accommodation cavity 101 is 0.1m 2 -0.5m 2
  • the spraying thickness of the insulating coating 40 is 0.05
  • a plurality of battery cells 500 can be formed into a plurality of battery cell groups, and each battery cell group includes a plurality of battery cells 500, and the plurality of battery cells 500 of each battery cell group can be arranged in a first direction (for example, as shown in FIG. 1 ).
  • the front and rear directions) are arranged and connected in series, and one or two cell groups can be arranged in one accommodation chamber 101 .
  • an insulating coating 40 can be sprayed on the inner surface of the casing 1, and the coating material has a high adhesion to the metal frame 10, and then The adhesive layer bonds and connects the battery pack to the insulating coating 40 on the inner surface of the housing cavity. Due to the high surface tension of the coating material, it can be well wetted by the adhesive to achieve higher bonding strength and enhance The bonding effect between the soft-packed battery pack and the insulating coating 40 enhances the structural fixation of the soft-packed battery pack.
  • the insulating coating 40 is mainly a polyurethane coating material.
  • the elastic modulus of the polyurethane coating is relatively low, and the elongation at break is greater than 100%.
  • the arm is the length of the battery pack, and it is very easy to cause stress concentration and damage.
  • Polyurethane coating material can play the role of cushioning, shock absorption and eliminating stress concentration.
  • the inner surface of the accommodating chamber 101 of the battery case 100 is sprayed with an insulating coating 40.
  • This coating material can effectively cover the inner surface of the aluminum cavity and increase the contact between the soft-packed batteries and the aluminum. The creepage distance of the material reduces the risk of insulation failure.
  • the vehicle 10000 according to the embodiment of the third aspect of the present application includes the battery pack 1000 according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application.
  • the vehicle 10000 of the embodiment of the present application by installing the battery pack 1000 of the second embodiment above, not only the insulation effect between the battery box 100 and the battery cell 500 can be improved, the risk of insulation failure can be reduced, and the safety of the vehicle 10000 can be improved. performance.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • “plurality” means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

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Abstract

一种电池箱体和具有其的电池包及车辆，电池箱体(100)包括金属框体(10)，金属框体(10)内形成有多个用于容纳电芯(500)的容纳腔(101)，容纳腔(100)的内表面设有绝缘涂层(40)，绝缘涂层的厚度D满足：(I)， I为测试电流，V为测试电压，p为绝缘涂层的体积电阻率；D为绝缘涂层的喷涂厚度；A为绝缘涂层的总喷涂面积。

Description

电池箱体和具有其的电池包及车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为202121466144.8，申请日为2021年6月30日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，尤其是涉及一种电池箱体和具有其的电池包及车辆。
背景技术
相关技术中，很多电池包的电芯与铝壳或端板、侧板都使用PET绝缘膜(耐高温聚酯薄膜)包覆电芯进行绝缘，PET膜一般使用压敏胶与电芯进行粘接固定，或者使用热压工艺，将PET热压侧板和端板处，但是，该技术方案中需要对每个电芯包覆绝缘膜，其操作繁琐，而且包膜容易出现褶皱，影响装配。
申请内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本申请在于提出一种电池箱体，所述电池箱体结构简单，可以很好地与电芯绝缘，不影响电芯装配。
本申请还提出一种具有上述电池箱体的电池包。
本申请还提出一种具有上述电池包的车辆。
根据本申请第一方面的电池箱体，所述电池箱体包括金属框体，所述金属框体内形成有多个用于容纳电芯的容纳腔，多个所述容纳腔间隔布置，所述容纳腔的内表面设有绝缘涂层，所述绝缘涂层的厚度D满足：
Figure PCTCN2022099506-appb-000001
其中，I为测试电流，单位为安培；V为测试电压，单位为伏特；p为绝缘涂层的体积电阻率，单位为Ω·m；D为绝缘涂层的喷涂厚度，单位为m；A为绝缘涂层的总喷涂面积，单位为m 2，在一些实施例中，所述测试电压V不小于3000伏特，所述测试电流I小于1毫安。
根据本申请的电池箱体，通过设置间隔布置的多个容纳腔，并在容纳腔的内表面设绝缘涂层，不仅可以提高电池箱体与电芯之间的绝缘效果，减少绝缘失效的风险，提高电池包的安全性能。
根据本申请的一个具体示例，所述绝缘涂层的断裂伸长率大于100％。
根据本申请的一个具体示例，所述绝缘涂层的厚度为0.05mm-0.3mm。
根据本申请的一个具体示例，所述绝缘涂层为聚氨酯涂层。
根据本申请的一个具体示例，所述金属框体包括：壳体，所述壳体在第一方向上的至少一端敞开；多个隔板，多个所述隔板设在所述壳体内，多个隔板沿所述第一方向延伸并在垂直于所述第一方向的第二方向上间隔布置，多个所述隔板将所述壳体的内部空间分隔成多个所述容纳腔。
根据本申请的一个具体示例，每个所述容纳腔的高度为0.1m-0.13m。
根据本申请的一个具体示例，每个所述容纳腔内的所述绝缘涂层的喷涂面积为0.1m 2-0.5m 2。
根据本申请第二方面的电池包，包括根据本申请第一方面的电池箱体；电芯，所述容纳腔内设有所述电芯。
根据本申请的电池包，通过设置上述第一方面的电池箱体，不仅可以提高电池箱体与电芯之间的绝缘效果，减少绝缘失效的风险，提高电池包的安全性能，从而提高了电池包的整体性能。
根据本申请的一个具体示例，所述电芯为软包电芯，所述容纳腔内设有多个所述软包电芯，多个所述软包电芯沿第一方向排布且串联连接，所述电池包还包括：绝缘膜，所述绝缘膜包覆于多个所述软电芯的外侧。
根据本申请第三方面的车辆，包括根据本申请第二方面的电池包。
根据本申请第三方面的车辆，通过设置上述第二方面的电池包，从而提高了车辆的整体性能。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
图1是根据本申请实施例的电池箱体的一个角度的示意图；
图2是图1中所示的电池箱体的另一个角度的示意图；
图3是图1中所示的电池箱体的再一个角度的示意图；
图4是图1中所示的电池箱体的又一个角度的示意图；
图5是根据本申请实施例的电池包的爆炸图；
图6是根据本申请实施例的车辆的示意图。
附图标记：
电池箱体100，容纳腔101，
金属框体10，壳体1，隔板2，安装座3，安装孔31，
绝缘涂层40，
电芯500，绝缘膜600，
电池包1000，车辆10000。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
下面参考图1-图4描述根据本申请第一方面实施例的电池箱体100。
如图1所示，根据本申请第一方面实施例的电池箱体100，所述电池箱体包括金属框体10，所述金属框体10内形成有多个用于容纳电芯500的容纳腔101，多个所述容纳腔101间隔布置，所述容纳腔101的内表面设有绝缘涂层40。也就是说，电池箱体100内可以形成有多个间隔设置的容纳腔101，多个容纳腔101均用于容纳电芯500，例如容纳腔101可以用于放置软包电芯，且每个容纳腔101的内壁面均喷涂或涂覆有绝缘涂层40。
在本实施例中，通过在电池箱体100内形成多个容纳腔101，每个容纳腔101分别用于设置电芯500(例如软包电芯)，例如，在一个容纳腔101内可以仅设置一组(一串)软包电芯(每组软包电芯可以包括相连的多个软包电芯)，这样，可以将电池箱体100内的多组电芯500隔离开，由此，在每个容纳腔101内布置的电芯组的数量可以更少，可以更加方便地固定每个容纳腔101内的电芯500，提高对电芯500的固定效果；同时，由于多组电芯500通过不同的容纳腔101隔离开，多组电芯500之间的相互隔热效果更好，这样当某一组电芯500出现问题时，不会直接影响其他组电芯500，从而避免其他组电芯500连锁出现问题，提高电池包1000的安全性能。
进一步地，在本实施例中，通过在每个容纳腔101的内壁面设置绝缘涂层40，当电芯500放置于容纳腔101内时，绝缘涂层40可以在电芯500与电池箱体100的金属框体10之间起到电隔离的效果，从而保证电池箱体100与电芯500之间的绝缘效果。另外，由于绝缘涂层40直接喷涂或涂覆在容纳腔101的内表面，可以保证绝缘涂层40可以有效地覆盖容纳腔101的内表面，这样，可以增加电芯500与金属框体10之间的爬电距离，减少绝缘失效的风险。
进一步地，所述绝缘涂层40的厚度D可以满足：
Figure PCTCN2022099506-appb-000002
其中，I为测试电流，单位为安培；V为测试电压，单位为伏特；p为绝缘涂层40的体积电阻率，单位为Ω·m；D为绝缘涂层40的喷涂厚度，单位为m；A为绝缘涂层40的总喷涂面积，单位为m 2。
这里，需要说明的是，测试电压和测试电流是本实施例的电池箱体100在进行绝缘性能测试时的测试电压和测试电流。
在本实施例中，通过使绝缘涂层40的厚度D满足上述的关系式，可以使绝缘涂层40满足电池箱体100与电芯500之间的绝缘性能的要求，减少绝缘失效的风险，提高电池包1000的安全性能。
进一步地，所述测试电压V不小于3000伏特，所述测试电流I小于1毫安，即V≥3000v，I＜1mA。由此，可以使得绝缘涂层40满足电池箱体100与电芯500之间的绝缘性能要求。
根据本申请实施例的电池箱体100，通过设置间隔布置的多个容纳腔101，并在容纳腔101的内表面设绝缘涂层40，不仅可以提高电池箱体100与电芯500之间的绝缘效果，减少绝缘失效的风险，还可以使不同容纳腔101中的电芯500之间相互隔离开，提高电池包1000的安全性能。此外，还可以方便电芯500装入容纳腔中。
在本申请的一个实施例中，所述绝缘涂层40可以为聚氨酯涂层。也就是说，绝缘涂层40主要为聚氨酯涂层材料，聚氨酯涂层材料的弹性模量较低，可以对电芯500起到缓冲、减震的作用，消除电芯500局部的应力集中作用。此外，聚氨酯涂层能够有效的覆盖电池箱体100容纳腔101的内表面，增加软包电芯与金属框体10的爬电距离，减少绝缘失效的风险。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述绝缘涂层40的断裂伸长率可以大于100％。例如，绝缘涂层40的断裂伸长率可以为110％、120％、130％、150％、170％或200％等等。这样，绝缘涂层40的断裂伸长率较高，当电芯500通过胶粘的方式固定在容纳腔内时，绝缘涂层40可以对电芯500起到缓冲、减震的作用，并且可以消除电芯500局部的应力集中。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述绝缘涂层40的厚度为0.05mm-0.3mm，也就是说，绝缘涂层40的厚度可以在0.05mm-0.3mm的范围内。例如，绝缘涂层40的厚度可以为0.1mm、0.15mm、0.2mm、0.25mm等。这样，用户可以根据不同电池包1000、不同电芯500的电压和电流确定绝缘涂层40的厚度，以满足不同电池包1000和不同电芯500的绝缘需求。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图1所示，所述金属框体10包括：壳体1和多个隔板2，壳体1可以形成为盒体形状，所述壳体1在第一方向(例如图1中所示的前后方向)上的至少一端敞开，其中，第一方向可以壳体的长度方向，第一方向也可以是壳体的宽度方向。 例如，壳体1形成为长方体盒体形状，壳体1在长度方向的两端均敞开，换言之，壳体1具有顺次连接为矩形环形的上侧板、左侧板、下侧板和右侧板，上侧板和下侧板上下平行且间隔布置，左侧板和右侧板平行且间隔布置，且上侧板与左侧板相互垂直。
进一步地，多个所述隔板2设在所述壳体1内，多个隔板2均沿第一方向(例如图1中所示的前后方向)延伸，且多个隔板2在垂直于第一方向(例如图1中所示的前后方向)的第二方向(例如图1中所示的左右方向)间隔布置，多个隔板2将壳体1的内部空间分隔成多个容纳腔101，换言之，每相邻的两个所述隔板2之间可以限定出容纳腔101，且多个隔板2中位于壳体1宽度方向最外侧的两个隔板2分别与壳体1宽度方向的两个侧板(例如壳体1的左侧板和右侧板)之间限定出容纳腔101。这样，壳体1内可以形成多个容纳腔101，多个容纳腔101在壳体1的宽度方向间隔布置，且多个容纳腔101在壳体1长度方向延伸。由此，可以在形成多个水平间隔的多个容纳腔101的前提下，简化电池箱体100的结构，且方便电芯500装入对应的容纳腔101内。
其中，需要说明的是，第一方向为壳体的长度方向时，第二方向为壳体的宽度方向，当第一方向为壳体的宽度方向时，第二方向为壳体的长度方向。
在一些示例中，所述金属框体10可以一体成型，换言之，所述金属框体10不是分体式的可拆卸的结构。这样，可以增强电池箱体100的整体性，增强电池箱体100的整体强度。
在一些示例中，每个容纳腔101的高度为0.1m-0.13m，也就是说，每个容纳腔101的高度可以在0.1m到0.13m范围内。如图2所示，容纳腔101在上下方向的高度在0.1m到0.13m的范围内。例如，容纳腔101的高度可以为0.11m、0.12m等等。这样，用户可以根据电芯组中的电芯500数量设置容纳腔101的尺寸，使得一定数量的电芯500串接后的尺寸与容纳腔101的尺寸匹配且适配，使得电芯组中的多个电芯500可以填充满容纳腔101。
在一些示例中，每个容纳腔101内的绝缘涂层40的喷涂面积为0.1m 2-0.5m 2，也就是说，每个容纳腔101内的绝缘涂层40的喷涂面积可以在0.1m 2-0.5m 2范围。例如，每个容纳腔101内的绝缘涂层40的喷涂面积可以为0.2m 2、0.3m 2、0.4m 2等。
如图1所示，电池箱体100包括呈长方体形状的壳体1和设于壳体1内的多个隔板2，壳体1的前侧和后侧均敞开，隔板2沿前后方向延伸并在壳体1的左右方向上间隔布置，隔板2将壳体1内的空间分隔为沿左右间隔排列的多个容纳腔101，每个容纳腔101具有底壁、顶壁、左侧壁和右侧壁，绝缘涂层40喷涂于容纳腔101的底壁、顶壁、左侧壁和右侧壁上，每个容纳腔101内绝缘涂层40的喷涂面积等于容纳腔101的底壁、顶壁、左侧壁和右侧壁四个壁面的总面积。其中，每个容纳腔101的内壁的总面积，即在每个容纳腔101内的绝缘涂层40的喷涂面积，可以在0.1m 2-0.5m 2范围内。
由此，可以保证容纳腔101的内壁全部喷涂绝缘涂层40，以保证电池箱体100与电芯 500之间电绝缘效果。
在一些实施例中，电池箱体100还包括安装座3，安装座3包括两个，两个安装座3分别设在壳体1的宽度方向的两侧，两个安装座3在壳体1的宽度方向对称布置。进一步地，安装座3沿壳体1的宽度方向背离壳体1向外延伸，且安装座3沿壳体1的长度方向延伸为长条形状。安装座3上形成有沿壳体1的高度方向(例如图1中所示的上下方向)贯通安装座3的安装孔31，每个安装座3上的安装孔31的数量为多个，多个安装孔31在壳体1的长度方向(例如图1中所示的前后方向)间隔布置。
根据本申请第二方面实施例的电池包1000，包括根据本申请上述第一方面实施例的电池箱体100和电芯500，容纳腔101内设有所述电芯500。其中，可选地，电芯500可以为铝壳电芯、软包电芯或圆柱电芯。
根据本申请实施例的电池包1000的其他构成以及操作对于本领域普通技术人员而言都是已知的，这里不再详细描述。
根据本申请实施例的电池包1000，通过设置上述第一方面实施例的电池箱体100，不仅可以提高电池箱体100与电芯500之间的绝缘效果，减少绝缘失效的风险，还可以不同容纳腔内的电芯500之间相互隔离开，提高电池包1000的安全性能，从而提高了电池包1000的整体性能。
例如，电池包1000可以包括电池箱体100和软包电芯，电池箱体100内具有多个容纳腔101，软包电芯形成为多组，每组电芯500中包括相连的多个电芯500。其中，多组软包电芯可以与多个容纳腔101一一对应，每组软包电芯可以设于对应的容纳腔101内；软包电芯组的数量也可以大于容纳腔101的数量，此时，在一个容纳腔101内可以设置一组或多组软包电芯，优选地，每个容纳腔101内的软包电芯组的数量不超过2个。
根据本申请的一些实施例中，所述电芯500可以为软包电芯，容纳腔内可以设有多个软包电芯，容纳腔内的多个软包电芯可以沿第一方向(例如图1中所示的前后方向)排布且串联连接，例如容纳腔内的多个软包电芯可以沿容纳腔的长度方向依次串联连接。
进一步地，电池包1000还可以包括：绝缘膜600，绝缘膜600包覆于多个软包电芯的外侧，也就是说，多个软包电芯的外侧可以包覆有绝缘膜600，例如，绝缘膜600可以为PET绝缘膜600，所述绝缘膜600可以通过压敏胶胶粘于多个软包电芯。通过在软包电芯的外侧包覆绝缘膜600，绝缘膜600不仅可以对软包电芯组进行初步固定，方便软包电芯组装入电池箱体100的容纳腔101中，绝缘膜600还可以与和绝缘涂层40在软包电芯组与电池箱体100的金属框体10之间形成两层绝缘结构，增强软包电芯与电池箱体100的金属框体10之间的绝缘效果。
在本申请的一些实施例中，包覆于软包电芯组外侧的绝缘膜600与容纳腔101内表面的 绝缘涂层40之间粘接连接，例如，绝缘膜600的外侧表面和/或容纳腔内表面的绝缘涂层40上涂覆有胶粘层，当将软包电芯组装入容纳腔内时，绝缘膜600与绝缘涂层40之间通过胶粘层粘接。这里，由于容纳腔101的内表面设有绝缘涂层40，绝缘涂层40材料与电池箱体100的金属框体10(例如铝合金框体)之间有很高的附着力，同时绝缘涂层40材料的表面张力高，能够被胶粘层的胶黏剂很好的润湿，达到较高的粘接强度，有利于绝缘涂层40与绝缘膜600之间的粘接连接，增强对电芯500结构的固定作用。
下面将参考图1-图4描述根据本申请一个具体实施例的电池包1000。
参照图1-图4，电池包1000包括电池箱体100和设于电池箱体100内的多个电芯500。
具体地，电池箱体100包括金属框体10和绝缘涂层40，金属框体10为一体成型的全铝材质，金属框体10的壳体1形成为长方体形状的中空结构，壳体1的前侧和后侧敞开，壳体1的内部设有多个隔板2，隔板2沿前后方向延伸，将壳体1内的空间分隔为左右间隔的多个容纳腔101，容纳腔101用于容纳软包电芯。
其中，壳体1在前后方向的长度在1.5m到2m范围，壳体1在左右方向的宽度在1m到1.5m范围内，壳体1在上下方向的高度在0.1m-0.15m范围，每个容纳腔101在左右方向的宽度在0.01m到0.05m范围，容纳腔101在上下方向的高度为0.1m-0.13m范围内。
容纳腔101的四个表面全部喷涂或涂覆有绝缘涂层40，软包电芯与铝壳体1之间使用绝缘涂层40绝缘。绝缘涂层40的厚度需要满足一定的厚度值，绝缘涂层40厚度可以根据以下公式计算：I＝V*A/(p*D)，其中V为测试电压，单位为v，p为绝缘层的体积电阻率，单位为Ω*m，D为绝缘层的喷涂厚度，单位为m，A为绝缘层的总喷涂面积，单位为m 2，I为测试电流，单位为A，一般需要满足要求：I＜1mA，其中V＝3000v。其中，单个容纳腔101的绝缘涂层40的喷涂面积为0.1m 2-0.5m 2，绝缘涂层40的喷涂厚度为0.05mm-0.3mm。
多个电芯500可以形成为多个电芯组，每个电芯组均包括多个电芯500，每个电芯组的多个电芯500可以在第一方向(例如图1中所示的前后方向)排布并串接，在一个容纳腔101内可以设置一个或两个电芯组。当电芯组通过粘接的方式固定在容纳腔101内部时，可以使用绝缘涂层40喷涂于壳体1内表面，涂层材料与金属框体10之间有很高的附着力，然后采用胶粘层将电芯组粘接连接于容纳腔内表面的绝缘涂层40，由于涂层材料的表面张力高，能够被胶黏剂很好的润湿，达到较高的粘接强度，增强软包电芯组与绝缘涂层40之间的粘接效果，增强对软包电芯组的结构固定作用。
进一步地，绝缘涂层40主要为聚氨酯涂层材料，聚氨酯涂层的弹性模量较低，断裂伸长率＞100％，当电芯组粘接于容纳腔内表面时，电芯组在容纳腔内除了剪切应力和拉拔应 力，同时还存在沿电芯组长度方向的扭转力矩，此时力臂即为电芯组的长度，非常容易产生应力集中而发生破坏，而本实施例的聚氨酯涂层材料可以起到缓冲，减震，消除应力集中的作用。
根据本申请实施例的电池包1000，电池箱体100的容纳腔101内表面喷涂绝缘涂层40，这种涂层材料能够有效的覆盖铝材型腔的内表面，增加软包电芯与铝材的爬电距离，减少绝缘失效的风险。
根据本申请第三方面实施例的车辆10000，包括根据本申请上述第二方面实施例的电池包1000。
根据本申请实施例的车辆10000的其他构成以及操作对于本领域普通技术人员而言都是已知的，这里不再详细描述。
根据本申请实施例的车辆10000，通过设置上述第二方面实施例的电池包1000，不仅可以提高电池箱体100与电芯500之间的绝缘效果，减少绝缘失效的风险，提高车辆10000的安全性能。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接，还可以是通信；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点 可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池箱体，其特征在于，所述电池箱体(100)包括金属框体(10)，所述金属框体(10)内形成有多个用于容纳电芯(500)的容纳腔(101)，多个所述容纳腔(101)间隔布置，所述容纳腔(101)的内表面设有绝缘涂层(40)，
    所述绝缘涂层(40)的厚度D满足：
    Figure PCTCN2022099506-appb-100001
    其中，V为测试电压，单位为伏特，且所述测试电压V不小于3000伏特；I为测试电流，单位为安培，且所述测试电流I小于1毫安；p为绝缘涂层(40)的体积电阻率，单位为Ω·m；D为绝缘涂层(40)的喷涂厚度，单位为m；A为绝缘涂层(40)的总喷涂面积，单位为m 2。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池箱体，其特征在于，所述绝缘涂层(40)的断裂伸长率大于100％。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池箱体，其特征在于，所述绝缘涂层(40)的厚度为0.05mm-0.3mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电池箱体，其特征在于，所述绝缘涂层(40)为聚氨酯涂层。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的电池箱体，其特征在于，所述金属框体(10)包括：
    壳体(1)，所述壳体(1)在第一方向上的至少一端敞开；
    多个隔板(2)，多个所述隔板(2)设在所述壳体(1)内，多个隔板(2)沿所述第一方向延伸并在垂直于所述第一方向的第二方向上间隔布置，多个所述隔板(2)将所述壳体(1)的内部空间分隔成多个所述容纳腔(101)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池箱体，其特征在于，每个所述容纳腔(101)的高度为0.1m-0.13m。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的电池箱体，其特征在于，每个所述容纳腔(101)内的所述绝缘涂层(40)的喷涂面积为0.1m 2-0.5m 2。
  8. 一种电池包，其特征在于，包括：
    根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的电池箱体(100)；
    电芯(500)，所述容纳腔(101)内设有电芯(500)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述电芯(500)为软包电芯，所述容纳腔(101)内设有多个所述软包电芯，多个所述软包电芯沿第一方向排布且串联连接，所述电池包(1000)还包括：绝缘膜(600)，所述绝缘膜(600)包覆于多个所述软包电芯的外侧。
  10. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求8或9所述的电池包(1000)。
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