WO2023272492A1 - Vapor chamber having high heat absorption properties and preparation method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

A vapor chamber having high heat absorption properties, comprising a substrate layer. The vapor chamber further comprises a protective layer; the protective layer is adhered and solidified on the outer surface of the substrate layer, is dark in color, and is used for enhancing the oxidation resistance and heat conductivity of the vapor chamber. Further disclosed is a preparation method for the vapor chamber. The characteristics and advantages are that: a deep color protective layer is formed on the surface of the substrate layer of the vapor chamber by means of surface treatment, and thus the corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, and heat conduction property of the vapor chamber can be effectively improved. The problems that existing products are not resistant to corrosion, and the appearance becomes poor due to corrosion after long-term use are solved. The vapor chamber further comprises a transition layer solidified between the substrate layer and the protective layer, the transition layer can be separately subjected to co-permeation with the substrate layer and the protective layer, the surface hardness of the vapor chamber is improved, the problem that copper and copper alloy vapor chambers are prone to deformation is solved, the substrate layer, the transition layer, and the protective layer which are subjected to co-permeation are completely fused into a whole, and the problem that the protective layer is easy to fall off is effectively solved.

Description

A vapor chamber with high heat absorption and its preparation method technical field

The invention relates to electronic devices, in particular to a cooling device for electronic devices, in particular to a vapor chamber with high heat absorption and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Vapor chamber products have been widely used in the heat dissipation of consumer electronics products, and currently mainly copper alloy vapor chambers. The appearance of copper alloy products is copper (including brass, red copper, etc.). During the use of the vapor chamber, it is directly or indirectly in contact with the hot end parts, and its surface temperature is relatively high (the temperature is generally greater than 40°C during operation). Due to the poor corrosion resistance of copper and copper alloys, the vapor chamber is used After a period of time, the surface will be oxidized and the color will become darker and flowery, resulting in poor appearance. At the same time, after long-term use, due to the oxidation of the surface, the copper sheet of the vapor chamber will be corroded and intensified, which will eventually lead to leakage and failure of the vapor chamber. Afterwards, one of the important reasons for the obvious slowdown of the mobile phone due to the obvious increase in the defective rate of the vapor chamber, the existing manufacturing process of the vapor chamber is shown in Figure 1.

Nickel plating refers to the method of plating a layer of nickel on metal or some non-metals by electrolytic or chemical methods. In the prior art, there is also a related technology of nickel plating on the surface of copper alloys to enhance its corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, but The traditional method is simply electroplating or electroless nickel plating on the surface of copper alloy. The defect of this method is that the plating layer is extremely unstable and easy to cause shedding. Although nickel plating can increase the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of copper alloy to a certain extent, the nickel layer The ease of falling off also makes it difficult to promote the use of large areas.

In addition, copper and copper alloys are generally soft and have low surface hardness, which can easily cause deformation on the soaking surface and affect performance. Copper alloy The low hardness of copper alloy also affects the overall thickness of the vapor chamber, which is difficult to continue to reduce. At present, all copper alloy vapor chamber products on the market are copper-colored, and there is no copper alloy vapor chamber product with a dark appearance that has high heat absorption and high corrosion resistance.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vapor chamber with extremely excellent corrosion resistance, good appearance (high surface hardness) and high heat absorption efficiency for the above-mentioned defects in the prior art. Improved proprietary preparation method for vapor chambers.

Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can adopt following technical scheme to realize:

A vapor chamber with high heat absorption, which includes a matrix layer, and the vapor chamber also includes a protective layer, the protective layer is adhered and cured to the outer surface of the matrix layer and is dark in color, and is used to strengthen the vapor chamber Oxidation resistance and thermal conductivity.

Further, in the above-mentioned vapor chamber with high heat absorption, the color range of the dark protective layer is: L value ≤ 5, a value -2-2, and b value -2-2.

Further, in the above vapor chamber with high heat absorption, the protective layer is a blackened nickel coating or a black nickel coating.

Further, the above-mentioned vapor chamber with high heat absorption,

In the described blackening treatment nickel coating, the blackening treatment adopts the mode of blackening after pickling earlier, and the pickling liquid selection concentration is the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution of 5%-20%, and the blackening liquid selection is calculated according to mass ratio (1- 3): (2-4): (1-3): (0-6) the mixed solution of sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite and water;

The protective layer is a black nickel coating, and in the black nickel coating, the plating solution is selected according to the mass ratio (14-20): (8-10): (5-7): (5-7): ( 8-12): (144-160) mixed solution of nickel sulfate, zinc sulfate, boric acid, potassium thiocyanate, nickel ammonium sulfate and water.

When the protective layer is a blackened nickel coating, in the blackened nickel coating, the blackening treatment adopts the method of first pickling and then blackening, and the pickling solution is selected to be an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 5%-20%, and the blackening solution Selection is calculated as (1-3):(2-4):(1-3):(0-6) the mixed solution of sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite and water according to mass ratio; (Blackened nickel coating) The color range is: L value ≤ 3, a value -1.5 ~ 1.5, b value -1 ~ 1.

When the protective layer is a blackened nickel coating, the thickness is preferably 0.2-2 μm, and can be selected as 0.5 μm, 1 μm, and 1.5 μm; the pickling solution is preferably 10% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, and the pH value of the pickling solution is 3. 3 minutes, 4 minutes; the blackening liquid is preferably a mixture of sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite and water in a mass ratio of 2:3:2:3, the pH of the blackening liquid is 12, and the blackening liquid is The black treatment time was 6 minutes, 7 minutes, 8 minutes or 9 minutes.

When the protective layer is a black nickel coating, in the described black nickel coating, the plating solution is selected as (14-20):(8-10):(5-7):(5-7):(8- 12): (144-160) mixed solution of nickel sulfate, zinc sulfate, boric acid, potassium thiocyanate, nickel ammonium sulfate and water; at this time, the color range of the protective layer (black nickel coating) is: L value 1～ 5. The value of a is -2~2, and the value of b is -2~2.

When the protective layer is a black nickel coating, the plating solution is preferably a mixed solution of nickel sulfate, zinc sulfate, boric acid, potassium thiocyanate, nickel ammonium sulfate and water according to the mass ratio of 17:9:6:6:10:152 The nickel content of the black nickel coating is 70-90%, and the zinc content is 10-30%, preferably the nickel content is 85-90%, the zinc content is 10-15%, and the nickel content can be selected as 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, zinc content is 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%.

Among them, L represents Luminosity, a represents the range from red to green, and b represents the range from yellow to blue. The value range of L is from 0 to 100, and the value ranges of a and b are both from +127 to -128, which can be tested with a spectrophotometer.

Further, in the above-mentioned vapor chamber with high heat absorption, the vapor chamber also includes a transition layer, and the transition layer is adhered and cured between the base layer and the protective layer, and is separated from the base layer and the protective layer respectively. Interpenetration, used to enhance the cured connection between the base layer and the protective layer.

Further, in the above vapor chamber with high heat absorption, the components of the transition layer include nickel and chromium or nickel, chromium and tin to form a nickel-chromium coating or a nickel-chromium-tin coating;

Preferably, the material of the base layer includes phosphor copper alloy, nickel copper alloy or chromium copper alloy.

Vapor chambers with high heat absorption, usually, the base layer is made of copper or copper alloy.

The material of the base layer can be selected from phosphor copper alloy, nickel copper alloy or chromium copper alloy, and the content of copper element in the copper alloy is greater than 90% by mass percentage.

Preferably, the composition of the phosphor copper alloy is 5.5-7.0% tin, 0.03-0.35% phosphorus, and the balance is copper;

Preferably, the composition of the nickel-copper alloy is 0.9-1.3% nickel, 0.15-0.35% phosphorus, other ≤ 0.5%, and the balance is copper;

Preferably, the composition of the chrome-copper alloy is 0.5-1.5% of chromium, 0.02-0.2% of zirconium, and the balance is copper.

Further, in the above-mentioned vapor chamber with high heat absorption, the transition layer contains the following components in terms of mass percentage: 10%-28% of chromium, 72%-85% of nickel, and 0% of tin -5%.

The thickness of the transition layer is 0.1 μm-10 μm; the transition layer contains the following components in terms of mass percentage: chromium 10%-28%, nickel 72%-85%, tin 0%-5%, when the tin is 0%, the transition layer contains only nickel and chromium.

The thickness of the transition layer is preferably 0.5-4 μm; more preferably 1 μm, 1.5 μm, 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, 3.5 μm. The purpose of this thickness selection is to provide enough nickel and chromium for the surface of the vapor chamber copper alloy for subsequent Alloying operation, the thickness of the nickel layer is less than 0.1 μm, it is difficult to provide enough nickel and chromium for diffusion; the thickness of the nickel layer is greater than 10 μm, on the one hand, it will cause high internal stress during the alloying process and cause deformation of the vapor chamber , on the other hand, if the thickness is too thick, the overall thickness of the vapor chamber will be significantly increased;

The interpenetration thickness of the transition layer and the base layer is about 0.1-2 μm, and the interpenetration thickness of the transition layer and the protective layer is about 0.4-2 μm. It can be seen that during the alloying process, the transition layer and the base layer and the Metal interpenetration has occurred in the protective layer. The fixed connection effect that this kind of interpenetration can produce is far superior to the slight interpenetration produced by metal pressing in traditional technology, which greatly reduces the probability of the overall shedding of the protective layer.

The composition of the transition layer is preferably 14%-23% of chromium content, 75%-83.9% of nickel content and 0.1%-4% of tin content in terms of mass percentage; it can be selected as chromium content of 15%, 17%, 19%, 21 %, nickel content is 77%, 79%, 81%, 83%, tin content is 0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.2%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%;

The nickel-chromium-tin plating method of the transition layer is electroless plating, electroplating or magnetron sputtering plating, preferably electroplating, and nickel-chromium plating and tin plating can be carried out by composite plating.

The main plating materials of the nickel-chromium-tin coating are nickel and chromium elements, and a small amount of tin is added. In the subsequent alloying process, due to the low melting point of tin, tin can form a solid solution with copper and nickel, which can further improve the nickel-chromium layer. The bonding strength after alloying with copper, under the same conditions, can effectively reduce the temperature of subsequent alloying heat treatment and increase the bonding between solid materials.

Further, in the above-mentioned vapor chamber with high heat absorption, the transition layer interpenetrates with the outer surface of the base layer to form nickel-chromium-copper alloy or nickel-chromium-tin-copper alloy through alloying treatment; the alloying treatment adopts superalloy The chemical treatment method or the low-temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment method is preferably a low-temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment method.

Further, the above-mentioned vapor chamber with high heat absorption is treated by high-temperature alloying: the temperature is 700-950°C, and the holding time is greater than 30 minutes;

Low-temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment method: the temperature is 550-750°C, and the oscillation frequency is 60-180 times/min.

The temperature of the high-temperature alloying treatment is 700-950°C, and the holding time is more than 30 minutes, preferably 750-880°C, and the holding time is 45 minutes; the temperature can be selected as 780°C, 810°C, 830°C, 850°C, and the holding time is optional. The choice is 60min, 75min, 90min.

The purpose of this temperature selection is that when the temperature is lower than 700°C, the diffusion between nickel, copper and chromium will hardly occur or the diffusion rate will be too slow; if the temperature is higher than 950°C, the copper alloy matrix will expand and deform, causing the upper and lower copper sheets on the vapor chamber Cracks at the weld;

The purpose of the selection of this holding time is that the alloying treatment holding time is greater than 30 minutes, which can ensure sufficient diffusion between nickel, copper and chromium, and form a layer of nickel-chromium-copper alloy on the outer surface of the vapor chamber.

The temperature of low-temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment is 550-750°C, the oscillation frequency is 60-180 times/min, preferably 600-700°C, and the oscillation frequency is 100-140 times/min. The temperature can be selected as 620°C, 640°C, 660°C, 680°C; the oscillation frequency can be selected as 105 times/min, 110 times/min, 115 times/min, 120 times/min, 125 times/min , 130 times/per minute, 135 times/per minute.

The principle and purpose of adopting the low-temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment method in the present invention: Since the conventional copper-nickel-chromium interdiffusion temperature needs to be higher than 700°C, the higher the temperature, the coarser the copper matrix grains and the lower the hardness will be. Based on the principle of energy conservation, the present invention applies an oscillating force synchronously while applying heat (place the workpiece on an oscillating table for oscillating processing), so that the energy required for material diffusion has mechanical energy in addition to thermal energy, which can reduce the temperature during processing. However, the applicant has found through a lot of experiments that even if a sufficient oscillation frequency is applied, the diffusion is still difficult to proceed when the temperature is lower than 550°C. Therefore, material diffusion cannot be achieved at too low a temperature, and a suitable temperature is 550-750°C, preferably 650-700°C.

The purpose of forming nickel-chromium-copper alloy on the outer surface of the vapor chamber is, on the one hand, to increase the overall hardness of the vapor chamber surface through the addition of chromium, thereby effectively avoiding the deformation of the vapor chamber surface; Nickel blackening or black nickel plating process provides a good transition, because there is an alloy layer as a transition, it ensures a good combination between the subsequent protective layer and the base layer, and avoids the peeling off and failure of the protective layer during use.

The second invention point of the present invention is to provide the above-mentioned preparation method of a vapor chamber with high heat absorption, comprising the following steps:

S1. Etching the base layer by a conventional method;

S2. Prepare capillary tissue by conventional methods;

S3. Weld the two base layers with capillary structure after etching on the inner side by conventional methods;

S4. Attaching a cured protective layer to the outer surfaces of the two substrate layers;

S5. Use conventional methods to inject liquid between the two substrate layers, or vacuumize, or encapsulate.

Preferably, a transition layer is attached and solidified between the base layer and the protective layer, and the transition layer interpenetrates with the base layer and the protective layer respectively; The outer surface of the base layer interpenetrates to form nickel-chromium-copper alloy or nickel-chromium-tin-copper alloy; the alloying treatment adopts a high-temperature alloying treatment method or a low-temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment method.

Features and advantages of the present invention are:

The current vapor chamber products are mainly made of copper and copper alloy, and the appearance is copper-colored. The present invention forms a layer of dark protective layer on the surface of the base layer of the vapor chamber product through the surface treatment method, which can effectively increase the corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and thermal conductivity of the vapor chamber itself. It solves the problem that the existing products are not corrosion-resistant, and also solves the problem that the appearance of the vapor chamber deteriorates due to corrosion after long-term use. The invention also includes a transition layer solidified between the base layer and the protective layer. The transition layer can co-infiltrate with the base layer and the protective layer respectively, which greatly improves the surface hardness of the soaking plate and solves the problem of the difficulty of copper and copper alloy soaking plates. The problem of surface deformation, and the base layer, transition layer and protective layer after co-infiltration are completely fused together, which can effectively solve the problem that the protective layer is easy to fall off.

The transition layer contains nickel, chromium, tin and other elements, which can interpenetrate well with the copper or copper alloy of the base layer. At the same time, the protective layer adopts blackened nickel plating layer or directly adopts black nickel plating layer, which presents a dark color and is harmful to consumer electronics chips. The released heat has better absorption performance, which further improves the performance of the vapor chamber.

In the preparation process of the present invention, the operation steps of blackening after nickel coating or direct black nickel plating are added. Since there is a nickel-chromium-tin-copper alloy layer as a transition, a good combination between the subsequent protective layer and the substrate is ensured, and the use process is avoided. The protective layer falls off, fails, etc. The vapor chamber manufactured by the method of the invention has extremely excellent corrosion resistance and appearance, and has high surface hardness. At the same time, nickel-copper alloy + nickel blackened layer has excellent corrosion resistance.

In general, the beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. The corrosion resistance of the product is improved, and the appearance does not change after long-term use;

2. Dark color can improve heat absorption efficiency and improve heat uniformity performance;

3. The alloying treatment process is improved, and the low-temperature oscillating alloying heat treatment method can overcome the defects of the harsh working environment of the traditional high-temperature alloying treatment and reduce the difficulty of alloying treatment;

4. After surface alloying, it can effectively increase the firmness between the base layer and the transition layer;

5. The use of nickel-chromium-copper alloy can effectively increase the hardness of vapor chamber products, improve service life and reduce accidental damage.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

Figure 1 shows the flow chart of the existing vapor chamber manufacturing process.

Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of the preparation process of the vapor chamber with high heat absorption of the present invention.

Figure 3 shows the appearance of the existing copper-colored vapor chamber of Comparative Example 11.

Fig. 4 shows the appearance of the dark-colored high heat-absorbing vapor chambers of the present invention in Examples 5 and 8.

Fig. 5 is a graph showing the appearance change of the conventional conventional vapor chamber of Comparative Example 11 after 5% sodium chloride neutral salt spray environmental test 1 day.

Fig. 6 shows the appearance changes of the high heat absorption vapor chambers of the present invention in Examples 5 and 8 after 5% sodium chloride neutral salt spray environmental test for 30 days.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In this embodiment, aiming at the existing vapor chamber products and the vapor chamber products provided by the present invention, the corrosion resistance, heat transfer efficiency, hardness, service life and the ease of operation of alloying treatment are studied. contrasted.

Among them, the corrosion resistance is tested by 5% sodium chloride neutral salt spray test;

The heat transfer efficiency ε is defined as the ratio of the actual heat transfer Q to the theoretical maximum heat transfer Qmax: ε=Q/Qmax, which is used to evaluate the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger (chamber);

The hardness was compared and evaluated by Vickers hardness.

Example 1:

A vapor chamber with high heat absorption. The vapor chamber includes a base layer and a protective layer. The protective layer is attached and cured on the outer surface of the base layer to enhance the oxidation resistance of the base layer.

The protective layer is blackened nickel plating, or black nickel plating.

The thickness of the protective layer is 0.1μm-10μm;

In the described blackening treatment nickel coating, the blackening treatment adopts the mode of first pickling and then blackening, and the pickling solution

The selected concentration is 5%-20% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, and the blackening solution is selected as (1-

3): (2-4): (1-3): (0-6) the mixture of sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite and water

combined liquid;

The color range of the protective layer is: L value ≤ 3, a value -1.5 ~ 1.5, b value -1 ~ 1;

In the described black nickel coating, the plating solution is selected according to mass ratio as (14-20): (8-10): (5-7): (5-7): (8-12): (144-160) The mixed solution of nickel sulfate, zinc sulfate, boric acid, potassium thiocyanate, nickel ammonium sulfate and water; the color range of the protective layer is: L value is 1~5, a value is -2~2, b value is -2～2.

The base layer is made of copper or copper alloy.

The base layer is made of phosphor copper alloy, nickel copper alloy or chrome copper alloy, and the content of copper element in the copper alloy is greater than 90% by mass percentage.

A method for preparing a vapor chamber with high heat absorption, comprising the following steps:

S1. Etching the base layer by a conventional method;

S2. Prepare capillary tissue by conventional methods;

S3. Weld the two base layers with capillary structure after etching on the inner side by conventional methods;

S4. Attaching a cured protective layer to the outer surfaces of the two substrate layers;

S5. Use conventional methods to inject liquid between the two substrate layers, or vacuumize, or encapsulate.

Wherein, the steps S1-S3 and S5 are all conventional methods of the vapor chamber manufacturing process adopted in the art.

Example 2:

A vapor chamber with high heat absorption. The vapor chamber includes a base layer and a protective layer. The protective layer is attached and cured on the outer surface of the base layer to enhance the oxidation resistance of the base layer. It also includes a transition layer. The transition layer is adhered and cured between the base layer and the protective layer, and is used to strengthen the cured connection between the base layer and the protective layer.

The transition layer is a nickel-chromium-tin plating layer, and the transition layer forms a nickel-chromium-tin-copper alloy with the outer surface of the base layer through alloying treatment.

The thickness of the transition layer is 0.1 μm-10 μm; the composition of the transition layer is 10%-28% by mass percentage, the nickel content is 72%-85%, and the tin content is 0%-5%; the alloying treatment adopts high temperature alloying Treatment method or low temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment method.

The protective layer is blackened nickel plating, or black nickel plating.

The thickness of the protective layer is 0.1μm-10μm;

In the described blackening treatment nickel coating, the blackening treatment adopts the mode of first pickling and then blackening, and the pickling solution

The selected concentration is 5%-20% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, and the blackening solution is selected as (1-

3): (2-4): (1-3): (0-6) the mixture of sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite and water

combined liquid;

The color range of the protective layer is: L value ≤ 3, a value -1.5 ~ 1.5, b value -1 ~ 1;

In the described black nickel coating, the plating solution is selected according to mass ratio as (14-20): (8-10): (5-7): (5-7): (8-12): (144-160) The mixed solution of nickel sulfate, zinc sulfate, boric acid, potassium thiocyanate, nickel ammonium sulfate and water; the color range of the protective layer is: L value is 1~5, a value is -2~2, b value is -2～2.

The base layer is made of copper or copper alloy.

The base layer is made of phosphor copper alloy, nickel copper alloy or chrome copper alloy, and the content of copper element in the copper alloy is greater than 90% by mass percentage.

As shown in Figure 2, the preparation method of the vapor chamber with high heat absorption comprises the following steps:

S1. Etching the base layer by a conventional method;

S2. Prepare capillary tissue by conventional methods;

S3. Weld the two base layers with capillary structure after etching on the inner side by conventional methods;

S4. Attach a cured transition layer on the base layer, the transition layer is a nickel-chromium-tin coating, and the transition layer passes through

Alloying treatment forms a nickel-chromium-tin-copper alloy with the outer surface of the base layer; the alloying treatment adopts

Use high temperature alloying treatment or low temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment;

S5. Attach a cured protective layer on the transition layer on the outer surface of the two base layers;

S6. Use conventional methods to inject liquid between the two substrate layers, or vacuumize, or encapsulate.

Wherein, steps S1-S3 and S6 are all conventional methods of vapor chamber manufacturing process adopted in this field.

Example 3:

A vapor chamber with high heat absorption. The vapor chamber includes a base layer and a protective layer. The protective layer is attached and cured on the outer surface of the base layer to enhance the oxidation resistance of the base layer.

The protective layer is blackened nickel plating with a thickness of 1 μm;

In the described blackening treatment nickel coating, the blackening treatment adopts the mode of first pickling and then blackening, and the pickling solution

Choose a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 5%, and the blackening solution is selected according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1:

6 mixed solution of sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite and water;

The color range of the protective layer is: the L value is 2, the a value is 0, and the b value is 0.5;

The base layer is phosphor-bronze alloy, and the content of copper element is greater than 90% by mass percentage, wherein tin is 5.5%, phosphorus is 0.35%, and the balance is copper.

A method for preparing a vapor chamber with high heat absorption, comprising the following steps:

S1. Etching the base layer by a conventional method;

S2. Prepare capillary tissue by conventional methods;

S3. Weld the two base layers with capillary structure after etching on the inner side by conventional methods;

S4. Attaching a cured protective layer to the outer surfaces of the two substrate layers;

S5. Use conventional methods to inject liquid between the two substrate layers, or vacuumize, or encapsulate.

Wherein, the steps S1-S3 and S5 are all conventional methods of the vapor chamber manufacturing process adopted in the art.

Example 4:

A vapor chamber with high heat absorption. The vapor chamber includes a base layer and a protective layer. The protective layer is attached and cured on the outer surface of the base layer to enhance the oxidation resistance of the base layer.

The protective layer is a black nickel-plated layer with a thickness of 1.2 μm;

In the black nickel coating, the plating solution is selected according to the mass ratio of 17:9:6:6:10:152

The mixed solution of nickel sulfate, zinc sulfate, boric acid, potassium thiocyanate, nickel ammonium sulfate and water;

The color range of the protective layer is: the L value is 3, the a value is 0, and the b value is 0.5.

The base layer is a nickel-copper alloy, and the content of copper element is greater than 90% by mass percentage, wherein the composition is 0.9-1.3% by mass percentage of nickel, 0.15-0.35% of phosphorus, other ≤ 0.5%, and the balance is copper.

A method for preparing a vapor chamber with high heat absorption, comprising the following steps:

S1. Etching the base layer by a conventional method;

S2. Prepare capillary tissue by conventional methods;

S3. Weld the two base layers with capillary structure after etching on the inner side by conventional methods;

S4. Attaching a cured protective layer to the outer surfaces of the two substrate layers;

S5. Use conventional methods to inject liquid between the two substrate layers, or vacuumize, or encapsulate.

Wherein, the steps S1-S3 and S5 are all conventional methods of the vapor chamber manufacturing process adopted in the art.

Example 5:

A vapor chamber with high heat absorption. The vapor chamber includes a base layer and a protective layer. The protective layer is attached and cured on the outer surface of the base layer to enhance the oxidation resistance of the base layer.

The protective layer is blackened nickel plating with a thickness of 1.5μm;

In the described blackening treatment nickel coating, the blackening treatment adopts the mode of first pickling and then blackening, and the pickling solution

Select the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 15%, and the blackening solution is selected as 2:3 according to the mass ratio:

2:3 mixture of sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite and water;

As shown in Figure 4, the color range of the protective layer is: L value 1, a value 1, b value 0.5;

The base layer is a chrome-copper alloy, and the content of copper element is greater than 90% by mass percentage, and its

Among them, the composition is 0.5-1.5% of chromium, 0.02-0.2% of zirconium, and the balance is copper.

A method for preparing a vapor chamber with high heat absorption, comprising the following steps:

S1. Etching the base layer by a conventional method;

S2. Prepare capillary tissue by conventional methods;

S3. Weld the two base layers with capillary structure after etching on the inner side by conventional methods;

S4. Attaching a cured protective layer to the outer surfaces of the two substrate layers;

S5. Use conventional methods to inject liquid between the two substrate layers, or vacuumize, or encapsulate.

Wherein, the steps S1-S3 and S5 are all conventional methods of the vapor chamber manufacturing process adopted in the art.

Embodiment 6:

The basic implementation is the same as in Example 3, except that the vapor chamber also includes a transition layer, which is adhered and cured between the base layer and the protective layer to enhance the curing between the base layer and the protective layer connect.

The transition layer is a nickel-chromium-tin plating layer, and the transition layer forms a nickel-chromium-tin-copper alloy with the outer surface of the base layer through alloying treatment.

The thickness of the transition layer is 0.5 μm; the composition of the transition layer is 23% by mass percentage, 75% nickel content, and 2% tin content;

The nickel-chromium-tin plating method of the transition layer is electroplating.

Alloying treatment adopts high temperature alloying treatment

The temperature of the high-temperature alloying treatment is 800°C, and the holding time is 45 minutes;

The preparation method of the vapor chamber with high heat absorption comprises the following steps:

S1. Etching the base layer by a conventional method;

S2. Prepare capillary tissue by conventional methods;

S3. Weld the two base layers with capillary structure after etching on the inner side by conventional methods;

S4. Attach a cured transition layer on the base layer, the transition layer is a nickel-chromium-tin coating, and the transition layer passes through

Alloying treatment forms a nickel-chromium-tin-copper alloy with the outer surface of the base layer; the alloying treatment adopts

Use high temperature alloying treatment or low temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment;

S5. Attach a cured protective layer on the transition layer on the outer surface of the two base layers;

S6. Use conventional methods to inject liquid between the two substrate layers, or vacuumize, or encapsulate.

Wherein, steps S1-S3 and S6 are all conventional methods of vapor chamber manufacturing process adopted in this field.

Embodiment 7:

The basic implementation method is the same as that of Example 4, except that the vapor chamber also includes a transition layer, and the transition layer is adhered and cured between the base layer and the protective layer to enhance the curing between the base layer and the protective layer connect.

The transition layer is a nickel-chromium-tin plating layer, and the transition layer forms a nickel-chromium-tin-copper alloy with the outer surface of the base layer through alloying treatment.

The thickness of the transition layer is 4 μm; the composition of the transition layer is 14% by mass percentage, 83.9% nickel content, and 2.1% tin content;

The nickel-chromium-tin plating method of the transition layer is electroplating.

The alloying treatment adopts low temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment.

The temperature of the low-temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment method is 660° C., and the oscillation frequency is 120 times/min.

The preparation method of the vapor chamber with high heat absorption comprises the following steps:

S1. Etching the base layer by a conventional method;

S2. Prepare capillary tissue by conventional methods;

S3. Weld the two base layers with capillary structure after etching on the inner side by conventional methods;

S4. Attach a cured transition layer on the base layer, the transition layer is a nickel-chromium-tin coating, and the transition layer passes through

Alloying treatment forms a nickel-chromium-tin-copper alloy with the outer surface of the base layer; the alloying treatment adopts

Use high temperature alloying treatment or low temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment;

S5. Attach a cured protective layer on the transition layer on the outer surface of the two base layers;

S6. Use conventional methods to inject liquid between the two substrate layers, or vacuumize, or encapsulate.

Wherein, steps S1-S3 and S6 are all conventional methods of vapor chamber manufacturing process adopted in this field.

Embodiment 8:

The basic implementation is the same as in Example 5, except that the vapor chamber also includes a transition layer, which is adhered and cured between the base layer and the protective layer to enhance the curing between the base layer and the protective layer. connect.

The transition layer is a nickel-chromium-tin plating layer, and the transition layer forms a nickel-chromium-tin-copper alloy with the outer surface of the base layer through alloying treatment.

The thickness of the transition layer is 2 μm; the composition of the transition layer is 18% by mass percentage, 80% nickel content, and 2% tin content;

The nickel-chromium-tin plating method of the transition layer is electroplating.

The alloying treatment adopts low temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment.

The temperature of the low-temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment method is 600° C., and the oscillation frequency is 140 times/min.

The preparation method of the vapor chamber with high heat absorption comprises the following steps:

S1. Etching the base layer by a conventional method;

S2. Prepare capillary tissue by conventional methods;

S3. Weld the two base layers with capillary structure after etching on the inner side by conventional methods;

S4. Attach a cured transition layer on the base layer, the transition layer is a nickel-chromium-tin coating, and the transition layer passes through

Alloying treatment forms a nickel-chromium-tin-copper alloy with the outer surface of the base layer; the alloying treatment adopts

Use high temperature alloying treatment or low temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment;

S5. Attach a cured protective layer on the transition layer on the outer surface of the two base layers;

S6. Use conventional methods to inject liquid between the two substrate layers, or vacuumize, or encapsulate.

Wherein, steps S1-S3 and S6 are all conventional methods of vapor chamber manufacturing process adopted in this field.

Comparative example 9:

The vapor chamber is made of phosphor copper alloy.

Embodiments 3, 6 and Comparative Example 9 all adopt phosphor copper alloy as the base material, so comparative analysis is carried out for the product performance of the two, and the specific data are as follows:

1) Corrosion resistance comparison:

Embodiments 3 and 6: Appearance color (original): L value 2, a value 0, b value 0.5, 5% sodium chloride neutral salt spray test for 30 days, the appearance color is consistent with the original, L value 2.2; a value 0.5 , b-value 0.5.

Comparative example 9: 5% sodium chloride neutral salt spray test, corrosion products appear on the surface after 8 hours, the color changes, the color difference is large, and the appearance effect is poor.

2) Hardness comparison:

Embodiment 3, 6: surface Vickers hardness HV205.

Comparative example 9: surface Vickers hardness HV120.

3) Heat transfer efficiency comparison:

Examples 3 and 6: the initial heat transfer efficiency is 85%, and the heat transfer efficiency is 80% after 30 days.

Comparative Example 9: The initial heat transfer efficiency was 87%, and the heat transfer efficiency was 60% after 2 days.

4) Thickness comparison:

Embodiments 3 and 6: the thickness is 0.3515 mm.

Comparative example 9: the thickness is 0.35 mm.

5) Service life comparison:

Examples 3 and 6: The average service life is 1113 days, and the average service life is 908 days in a highly corrosive environment.

Comparative Example 9: The average service life is 1126 days, and the average service life is 118 days in a highly corrosive environment.

Comparative example 10:

The vapor chamber is made of nickel-copper alloy.

Embodiment 4, 7 and comparative example 10 all adopt nickel-copper alloy as matrix material, so comparative analysis is carried out at the product performance of the two, and concrete data is as follows:

1) Corrosion resistance comparison:

Embodiments 4 and 7: Appearance color (original): L value 3, a value 0, b value 0.5, 5% sodium chloride neutral salt spray test for 30 days, the appearance color is consistent with the original, L value 2.6; a value 0.3 , b-value 0.1.

Comparative example 10: 5% sodium chloride neutral salt spray test, corrosion products appear on the surface after 14 hours, the color changes, the color difference is large, and the appearance effect is poor.

2) Hardness comparison:

Embodiment 4, 7: surface Vickers hardness HV265.

Comparative example 10: surface Vickers hardness HV162.

3) Heat transfer efficiency comparison:

Examples 4 and 7: The initial heat transfer efficiency is 90%, and the heat transfer efficiency after 30 days is 88%.

Comparative Example 10: The initial heat transfer efficiency was 89%, and the heat transfer efficiency after 3 days was 76%.

4) Thickness comparison:

Embodiment 4, 7: Thickness 0.3552mm.

Comparative example 10: the thickness is 0.35 mm.

5) Service life comparison:

Embodiments 4 and 7: The average service life is 1128 days, and the average service life is 1103 days in a highly corrosive environment.

Comparative example 10: The average service life is 1130 days, and the average service life is 150 days in a highly corrosive environment.

6) Comparison of the complexity of the alloying operation in the preparation method:

In the process of alloying, high-temperature alloying is usually used, but the present invention proposes an operation mode of low-temperature oscillation forging alloying. High-temperature alloying needs to reach a high temperature of at least 700°C or even 900°C, which requires extremely high processing environment and equipment. However, the present invention adopts a lower constant temperature oscillation forging method, and the ambient temperature can be reduced to 660°C. In fact, the traditional high heat energy is replaced by low heat energy + mechanical energy. Oscillatory forging can produce instantaneous ultra-high pressure mechanical energy impact, so only low heat energy is needed to destroy the molecular structure of the alloy layer surface, and the firmness of the final forged product can be completely guaranteed. Comparable to existing high-temperature alloyed products, but the required energy and equipment requirements are greatly reduced.

Comparative example 11:

As shown in Figure 3, the vapor chamber is made of chrome-copper alloy.

Embodiment 5,8 and comparative example 11 all adopt chrome-copper alloy as matrix material, so comparative analysis is carried out at the product performance of the two, and specific data are as follows:

1) Corrosion resistance comparison:

As shown in Figure 6, embodiment 5,8: appearance color (original): L value 1, a value 1, b value 0.5, 5% sodium chloride neutral salt spray test 30 days, appearance color is consistent with original, L The value is 1.1; the value of a is 1.3, and the value of b is 0.2.

As shown in Figure 5, comparative example 11: 5% sodium chloride neutral salt spray test, corrosion products appear on the surface after 20 hours, the color changes, the color difference is large, and the appearance effect is poor.

2) Hardness comparison:

Examples 5 and 8: Surface Vickers hardness HV292.

Comparative example 11: Surface Vickers hardness HV186.

3) Heat transfer efficiency comparison:

Examples 5 and 8: The initial heat transfer efficiency is 94%, and the heat transfer efficiency after 30 days is 90%.

Comparative Example 11: The initial heat transfer efficiency was 95%, and the heat transfer efficiency was 73% after 2 days.

4) Thickness comparison:

Embodiments 5 and 8: the thickness is 0.3535 mm.

Comparative example 11: the thickness is 0.35 mm.

5) Service life comparison:

Examples 5 and 8: the average service life is 1135 days, and the average service life is 1132 days in a highly corrosive environment.

Comparative example 11: The average service life is 1130 days, and the average service life is 166 days in a highly corrosive environment.

6) Comparison of the complexity of the alloying operation in the preparation method:

In the process of alloying, high-temperature alloying is usually used, but the present invention proposes an operation mode of low-temperature oscillation forging alloying. High-temperature alloying needs to reach a high temperature of at least 700°C or even 900°C, which requires extremely high processing environment and equipment. However, the present invention adopts a lower constant temperature oscillation forging method, and the ambient temperature can be reduced to 600°C. In fact, the traditional high heat energy is replaced by low heat energy + mechanical energy. Oscillatory forging can produce instantaneous ultra-high pressure mechanical energy impact, so only low heat energy is needed to destroy the molecular structure of the alloy layer surface, and the firmness of the final forged product can be completely guaranteed. Comparable to existing high-temperature alloyed products, but the required energy and equipment requirements are greatly reduced.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (10)

A vapor chamber with high heat absorption, which includes a base layer, characterized in that the vapor chamber also includes a protective layer, the protective layer is adhered and cured to the outer surface of the base layer and is dark in color, and is used for Enhances the oxidation resistance and thermal conductivity of the vapor chamber. A vapor chamber with high heat absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that the color range of the dark protective layer is: L value ≤ 5, a value -2 ~ 2, b value It is -2~2. The vapor chamber with high heat absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective layer is a blackened nickel coating or a black nickel coating. A vapor chamber with high heat absorption according to claim 3, characterized in that, in the blackening treatment nickel coating, the blackening treatment adopts the method of pickling first and then blackening, and the pickling solution is selected Concentration is 5%-20% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, and the blackening solution is selected as (1-3):(2-4):(1-3):(0-6) sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrate according to the mass ratio , a mixture of sodium nitrite and water; The protective layer is a black nickel coating, and in the black nickel coating, the plating solution is selected according to the mass ratio (14-20): (8-10): (5-7): (5-7): ( 8-12): (144-160) mixed solution of nickel sulfate, zinc sulfate, boric acid, potassium thiocyanate, nickel ammonium sulfate and water. The vapor chamber with high heat absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, the vapor chamber also includes a transition layer, and the transition layer is adhered and cured between the base layer and the protective layer and respectively The interpenetration of the base layer and the cover layer is used to enhance the cured connection between the base layer and the cover layer. A vapor chamber with high heat absorption according to claim 5, wherein the components of the transition layer include nickel and chromium or nickel, chromium and tin to form a nickel-chromium coating or a nickel-chromium-tin coating ; Preferably, the material of the base layer includes phosphor copper alloy, nickel copper alloy or chromium copper alloy. A vapor chamber with high heat absorption according to claim 6, characterized in that, the transition layer contains the following components in terms of mass percentage: chromium 10%-28%, nickel 72%- 85%, tin 0%-5%. A vapor chamber with high heat absorption according to claim 6, characterized in that the transition layer interpenetrates with the outer surface of the base layer to form a nickel-chromium-copper alloy or a nickel-chromium-tin-copper alloy through alloying treatment; The alloying treatment adopts a high temperature alloying treatment method or a low temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment method. A vapor chamber with high heat absorption according to claim 8, characterized in that the high-temperature alloying treatment method: the temperature is 700-950°C, and the holding time is greater than 30 minutes; Low-temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment method: the temperature is 550-750°C, and the oscillation frequency is 60-180 times/min. A method for preparing a vapor chamber with high heat absorption according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1. Etching the base layer by a conventional method; S2. Prepare capillary tissue by conventional methods; S3. Weld the two base layers with capillary structure after etching on the inner side by conventional methods; S4. Attaching a cured protective layer to the outer surfaces of the two substrate layers; S5. Use conventional methods to inject liquid between the two substrate layers, or vacuumize, or encapsulate. Preferably, a transition layer is attached and solidified between the base layer and the protective layer, and the transition layer interpenetrates with the base layer and the protective layer respectively; The outer surface of the base layer interpenetrates to form nickel-chromium-copper alloy or nickel-chromium-tin-copper alloy; the alloying treatment adopts a high-temperature alloying treatment method or a low-temperature oscillation alloying heat treatment method.

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