WO2023249079A1 - 樹脂組成物、成形体およびフィルム - Google Patents
樹脂組成物、成形体およびフィルム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023249079A1 WO2023249079A1 PCT/JP2023/023144 JP2023023144W WO2023249079A1 WO 2023249079 A1 WO2023249079 A1 WO 2023249079A1 JP 2023023144 W JP2023023144 W JP 2023023144W WO 2023249079 A1 WO2023249079 A1 WO 2023249079A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
- C08L79/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08L79/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
Definitions
- the solvent-soluble polyester resin has a condensed structure of a dicarboxylic acid component and a glycol component, and satisfies at least one of the following (A) and (B).
- A) Contains a glycol in which the number of carbon atoms between two hydroxy groups is 4 or more as a glycol component;
- B) Contains an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid as a dicarboxylic acid component.
- the polyimide has a diamine component and a tetracarboxylic dianhydride component.
- the polyimide may be a polyamideimide having a dicarboxylic acid component in addition to the diamine component and the tetracarboxylic dianhydride component.
- examples include those in which the carboxylic dianhydride component has an ester bond.
- the ratio of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride having a fluorene skeleton to the total amount of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride component may be 20 mol% or more, and the ratio of the diamine having a fluorene skeleton to the total amount of the diamine component may be 20 mol% or more. The ratio may be 20 mol% or more.
- a molded article such as a film formed from the resin composition of the present invention has high light transmittance and excellent transparency.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a compatible resin composition containing polyimide and polyester resin. Both the polyimide resin and the polyester resin are soluble in solvents, and because they are compatible with each other, the film formed from the resin composition exhibits transparency.
- Polyimide is a polymer having a structural unit represented by the general formula (I), and is obtained by addition polymerization of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "acid dianhydride”) and diamine. It can be obtained by dehydrating and cyclizing polyamic acid. That is, polyimide is a polycondensate of tetracarboxylic dianhydride and diamine, and has an acid dianhydride-derived structure (acid dianhydride component) and a diamine-derived structure (diamine component). Note that polyimide can also be synthesized by condensation of diisocyanate and acid dianhydride through decarboxylation.
- polyimide contains a structural unit represented by the following general formula (IIa) and a structural unit represented by the following general formula (IIIa), and has a diamine-derived structure (IIa) and a tetracarboxylic dianhydride-derived structure ( IIIa) has a structural unit represented by general formula (I) by forming an imide bond.
- the polyimide may contain a structural unit (amide structural unit) represented by general formula (IV) below.
- amide structural unit represented by general formula (IV) below.
- Polyimides containing amide structural units in addition to imide structural units are also referred to as polyamide-imides.
- Y and Z are divalent organic groups.
- Y is a diamine residue as in general formula (I).
- Z is a dicarboxylic acid residue, and is an organic group obtained by removing two carboxy groups from a dicarboxylic acid represented by the following general formula (V).
- dicarboxylic acid dichloride represented by general formula (V') is preferably used in place of dicarboxylic acid.
- Dicarboxylic acid anhydride may be used instead of dicarboxylic acid.
- the amide structure represented by general formula (V) is formed by forming an amide bond between the diamine-derived structure represented by general formula (IIa) above and the dicarboxylic acid-derived structure represented by general formula (Va) below.
- a unit is formed. That is, polyamideimide includes a diamine-derived structure (IIa), a tetracarboxylic dianhydride-derived structure (IIIa), and a dicarboxylic acid-derived structure (Va).
- polyamideimide includes a structure represented by the following general formula (VI) in which a diamine-derived structure (IIa) is bonded to both ends of a dicarboxylic acid-derived structure (Va).
- Y 1 and Y 2 are diamine residues, and Z 1 is a dicarboxylic acid residue.
- this divalent organic group consists of two It can be considered to be a diamine residue Y containing an amide bond. That is, in the general formula (I), a polyimide in which the diamine residue Y contains an amide bond is polyamide-imide, and polyamide-imide can be said to be a type of polyimide.
- polyimide includes "polyamideimide.”
- the structure corresponding to the tetracarboxylic dianhydride residue contained in polyimide is called the "acid dianhydride component" and the diamine residue.
- the structure corresponding to the group is expressed as a "diamine component.”
- dicarboxylic acid derivatives such as dicarboxylic acid dichloride and dicarboxylic acid anhydride are used to synthesize polyamide-imide, but the resulting polyamide-imide has a structure Z (dicarboxylic acid residue ). Therefore, even when the starting material used for polyimide synthesis is a dicarboxylic acid derivative, the structure corresponding to the dicarboxylic acid residue is expressed as a "dicarboxylic acid component.”
- the polyimide may include multiple types of diamine residues Y, multiple types of tetracarboxylic dianhydride residues X, and multiple types of dicarboxylic acid residues Z. .
- the diamine component and the tetracarboxylic dianhydride component as monomer units constituting the polyimide, and the dicarboxylic acid component when the polyimide is polyamideimide will be explained by giving examples.
- a diamine having a fluorene skeleton is a compound in which two amino groups are bonded to a diamine residue Y having one or more fluorene skeletons.
- the diamine component of the polyimide contains a fluorene skeleton, the transparency and solubility of the polyimide in organic solvents tend to improve, and the compatibility with the polyester resin tends to improve.
- Specific examples of diamines having a fluorene skeleton include diamines represented by the following group (A).
- R is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a halogen
- n is It is an integer from 0 to 4.
- 9,9-bis(4-aminophenyl)fluorene is preferred as the diamine having a fluorene skeleton because it has a small molecular weight and a relatively high proportion of fluorene skeleton.
- fluoroalkyl-substituted benzidine having a fluoroalkyl group at the 2-position of biphenyl is preferred, and 2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine (hereinafter referred to as "TFMB”) is particularly preferred.
- the steric hindrance of the fluoroalkyl group causes the two benzene rings of biphenyl to Since the bonds between the polyimides are twisted and the planarity of the ⁇ -conjugation is reduced, the absorption edge wavelength shifts to a shorter wavelength, which tends to reduce the coloring of the polyimide and increase its solubility in organic solvents.
- diamines having a fluoroalkyl group other than fluoroalkyl-substituted benzidine examples include 1,4-diamino-2-(trifluoromethyl)henzene, 1,4-diamino-2,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene, 1 ,4-diamino-2,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene, 1,4-diamino-2,6-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene, 1,4-diamino-2,3,5-tris(trifluoromethyl)benzene Diamines having an aromatic ring to which a fluoroalkyl group is bonded, such as fluoromethyl)benzene, 1,4-diamino, 2,3,5,6-tetrakis(trifluoromethyl)benzene; 2,2-bis(4-aminophenyl) ) Hexafluoropropane, 2,2-bis(3-aminophenyl)
- the polyimide may contain diamines other than those mentioned above as diamine components.
- diamines other than the above i.e., diamines having neither a fluorene skeleton nor a fluoroalkyl group
- diamines having neither a fluorene skeleton nor a fluoroalkyl group include: Examples include diamines having an alicyclic structure, diamines having a sulfonic group, and diamines having a fluorine-containing group other than a fluoroalkyl group.
- fluorine-containing diamines examples include 2-fluorobenzidine, 3-fluorobenzidine, 2,3-difluorobenzidine, 2,5-difluorobenzidine, 2,6-difluorobenzidine, 2,3,5-trifluorobenzidine, 2,3 , 6-trifluorobenzidine, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzidine, 2,2'-difluorobenzidine, 3,3'-difluorobenzidine, 2,3'-difluorobenzidine, 2,2',3- Trifluorobenzidine, 2,3,3'-trifluorobenzidine, 2,2',5-trifluorobenzidine, 2,2',6-trifluorobenzidine, 2,3',5-trifluorobenzidine, 2, 3',6-trifluorobenzidine, 2,2',3,3'-tetrafluorobenzidine, 2,2',5,5'-tetrafluorobenzidine, 2,2',6,6'-tetrafluor
- Y is a diamine residue and Z is a dicarboxylic acid residue.
- General formula (VII) shows a structure in which one dicarboxylic acid and two diamines are condensed, but two dicarboxylic acids and three diamines may be condensed, or three or more dicarboxylic acids and four or more diamines are condensed. The diamine may be condensed.
- a polyimide containing a diamine having an amide structure represented by the general formula (VII) as a diamine component includes an amide bond in addition to an imide bond, and therefore corresponds to a polyamide-imide.
- a polyimide containing the structure represented by general formula (IV) i.e., polyamide-imide.
- a dicarboxylic acid derivative and an amine-terminated amide oligomer may be used together.
- the dicarboxylic acid in the diamine having an amide structure represented by the general formula (VII) is not particularly limited, and various aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, aromatic dicarboxylic acids, alicyclic dicarboxylic acids, and heterocyclic acids used in the synthesis of polyamideimide can be used.
- Formula dicarboxylic acids are applicable. Details of the dicarboxylic acid component will be described later.
- dicarboxylic acid derivatives such as dicarboxylic acid dichloride or dicarboxylic acid anhydride may be used instead of dicarboxylic acid.
- the acid dianhydride having a fluorene skeleton is a compound in which two acid anhydride groups are bonded to a tetracarboxylic dianhydride residue X having one or more fluorene skeletons.
- the acid dianhydride component of the polyimide contains a fluorene skeleton, the transparency and solubility of the polyimide in organic solvents tend to improve, and the compatibility with the polyester resin tends to improve.
- acid dianhydrides having a fluorene skeleton include tetracarboxylic dianhydrides represented by group (B) below, and N,N'-(9H-fluorene-9-ylidene-4,1-phenylene).
- group (B) tetracarboxylic dianhydrides represented by group (B) below, and N,N'-(9H-fluorene-9-ylidene-4,1-phenylene).
- Bis[1,3-dihydro-1,3-dioxo-5-isobenzofurancarboxamide] is mentioned.
- R is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a halogen
- n is It is an integer from 0 to 4.
- group (B) the molecular weight is small and the proportion of fluorene skeleton is relatively high. 4-b:3',4'-i]xanthene-11,9'-[9H]fluorene]1,3,7,9tetron is preferred.
- Q in general formula (1) is an arbitrary divalent organic group, and a carboxy group and a carbon atom of Q are bonded to each end of Q.
- the carbon atoms bonded to the carboxy group may form a ring structure.
- Specific examples of the divalent organic group Q include the following (A) to (K).
- R 1 in formula (A) is a fluorine atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and m is an integer of 1 to 4.
- the group represented by formula (A) is a group obtained by removing two hydroxyl groups from a hydroquinone derivative having a substituent on the benzene ring. Examples of the hydroquinone having a substituent on the benzene ring include tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, and 2,5-di-tert-amylhydroquinone.
- the bis(trimellitic anhydride) ester corresponds to a tetracarboxylic dianhydride having a fluoroalkyl group.
- bis(trimellitic anhydride) ester is p-phenylene bis( trimellitate anhydride) (abbreviation: TAHQ).
- R 2 in formula (B) is a fluorine atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 0 to 4.
- the group represented by formula (B) is a group obtained by removing two hydroxyl groups from biphenol which may have a substituent on the benzene ring.
- biphenol derivatives having a substituent on the benzene ring examples include 2,2'-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diol, 3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diol, 3,3',5, Examples include 5'-tetramethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diol, 2,2',3,3',5,5'-hexamethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diol, and the like.
- the bis(trimellitic anhydride) ester corresponds to a tetracarboxylic dianhydride having a fluoroalkyl group.
- the group represented by formula (F) is a group obtained by removing two hydroxyl groups from 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol.
- the bis(trimellitic anhydride) ester corresponds to a tetracarboxylic dianhydride having a fluoroalkyl group.
- the acid dianhydride in which Q is a group represented by formula (B1) is bis(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran) represented by formula (3) below.
- -5-carboxylic acid)-2,2',3,3',5,5'-hexamethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diyl (abbreviation: TAHMBP).
- tetracarboxylic dianhydrides having an ester bond other than bis(trimellitic anhydride) ester include 1,3-dihydro-1,3-dioxo-,5,5'-[1,4-cyclohexanediyl bis(methylene)] ester, ethylene glycol bis(hydrogenated trimellitic anhydride) ester, and the like.
- the polyimide may contain acid dianhydrides other than those mentioned above as the acid dianhydride component.
- acid dianhydrides other than those mentioned above i.e., acid dianhydrides having neither a fluorene skeleton nor an ester bond
- Preferred examples include acid dianhydrides having a fluoroalkyl group, alicyclic tetracarboxylic dianhydrides, acid dianhydrides having an ether bond, and aromatic acid dianhydrides.
- 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride CBDA
- 1,2,3,4- Cyclopentanetetracarboxylic dianhydride CPDA
- 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride H-PMDA
- 1,1'-bicyclohexane-3,3',4,4' Tetracarboxylic acid-3,4:3',4'-dianhydride H-BPDA
- 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride is particularly preferred.
- acid dianhydrides having an ether bond examples include 3,4'-oxydiphthalic anhydride, 4,4'-oxydiphthalic anhydride, and 4,4'-(4,4'-isopropylidenediphenoxy)diphthalic anhydride. things, etc.
- acid dianhydrides having an ether bond 4,4'-(4,4'-isopropylidene diphenoxy) diphthalic anhydride is preferred from the viewpoint of compatibility with polyester resins.
- Aromatic acid anhydrides useful from the viewpoint of obtaining polyimides with high solubility in organic solvents and high compatibility with polyester resins include pyromellitic dianhydride, merophanic dianhydride, 3,3',4 , 4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,2',3,3'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,2',3,3'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3, 3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3',4,4'-diphenylsulfonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 5,5'-dimethylmethylenebis(phthalic anhydride), 2,3,6,7-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,5,6-naphthalenetetrac
- the polyimide may be a polyamideimide containing a structure derived from a dicarboxylic acid represented by the general formula (Va).
- Dicarboxylic acids or dicarboxylic acid derivatives are used to prepare polyamideimide.
- dicarboxylic acids include aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, and dodecanedioic acid; terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 2-chloroterephthalic acid, 2-methylterephthalic acid, and 5-methylisophthalic acid.
- dicarboxylic acid derivatives such as dicarboxylic acid dichloride, dicarboxylic acid ester, dicarboxylic acid anhydride, etc. are used.
- dicarboxylic acid dichloride is preferred because of its high reactivity.
- the polyimide used in the present embodiment is composed of (1) at least one of the diamine component and the acid dianhydride component having a fluorene skeleton, or (2) the diamine component having a fluoroalkyl group.
- the acid dianhydride component has an ester bond.
- Preferred compositions of (1) a polyimide having a fluorene skeleton and (2) a polyimide having a fluoroalkyl group and an ester bond will be detailed below.
- the diamine having no fluorene skeleton includes a diamine having a fluoroalkyl group, a diamine having an alicyclic structure, and an ether.
- Diamines having a structure such as diamines having a sulfonic group, diamines having a fluorine-containing group other than a fluoroalkyl group are preferable, and among them, diamines having a fluoroalkyl group such as TFMB are preferred from the viewpoint of solubility and compatibility with polyester resins. is particularly preferred.
- the amount of diamine that does not have a fluorene skeleton may be 10 mol% or more, 20 mol% or more, 30 mol% or more, 40 mol% or more, 50 mol% or 70 mol% or more based on the total amount of diamine components. good.
- the diamine component has a fluorene skeleton
- an acid dianhydride having a fluoroalkyl group such as 6FDA
- the ratio of the acid dianhydride having a fluoroalkyl group to the total amount of the acid dianhydride component of the polyimide is 10 mol% or more, 30 mol% or more, 50 mol% or more, 70 mol% or more, 90 mol% or more, or 100 mol%. It may be.
- acid dianhydrides that do not have a fluoroalkyl group examples include alicyclic tetracarboxylic dianhydrides, acid dianhydrides having an ether structure, acid dianhydrides having a fluorene skeleton, and aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydrides. Things such as things are preferable.
- the acid dianhydride having a fluorene skeleton is preferably 9,9-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)fluorene dianhydride.
- the ratio of the acid dianhydride having a fluorene skeleton to the total amount of acid dianhydride components of the polyimide is preferably 20 mol% or more, more preferably 30 mol% or more, even more preferably 50 mol% or more, 60 mol% or more, 70 mol% or more.
- It may be mol% or more, 80 mol% or more, 90 mol% or more, or 100 mol%, and the amount of 9,9-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)fluorene dianhydride is within the above range. preferable.
- the acid dianhydride not having a fluorene skeleton contains a fluoroalkyl group.
- acid dianhydrides having a fluoroalkyl group such as 6FDA are particularly preferred from the viewpoint of solubility and compatibility with polyester resins.
- the amount of acid dianhydride that does not have a fluorene skeleton is 10 mol% or more, 20 mol% or more, 30 mol% or more, 40 mol% or more, 50 mol% or more, or 70 mol% or more based on the total amount of the diamine component. It may be.
- the acid dianhydride component has a fluorene skeleton
- the ratio of the diamine having a fluoroalkyl group to the total amount of diamine components of the polyimide may be 10 mol% or more, 30 mol% or more, 50 mol% or more, 70 mol% or more, 90 mol% or more, or 100 mol%.
- diamines that do not have a fluoroalkyl group examples include diamines that have an alicyclic structure, diamines that have an ether structure, diamines that have a sulfone group, diamines that have a fluorine-containing group other than a fluoroalkyl group, and diamines that have a fluorene skeleton. is preferred.
- the ratio of the diamine having a sulfone group to the total amount of diamine components of the polyimide is preferably 20 mol% or less, more preferably 10 mol% or less, and may be 5 mol% or less or 0.
- the ratio of the acid dianhydride having an ester bond to the total amount of acid dianhydride components of the polyimide is preferably 40 mol% or less, more preferably 20 mol% or less, and even more preferably 10 mol% or less. Preferably, it may be 5 mol% or less or 0.
- Polyimide whose diamine component and/or acid dianhydride component has a fluorene skeleton is compatible with polyester resins even when it does not contain an acid dianhydride component having an ester bond, so it is suitable for resin compositions and films. It is useful from the viewpoint of improving the UV resistance of the molded article.
- the polyimide having a fluoroalkyl group and an ester bond includes a diamine having a fluoroalkyl group as a diamine component, and an acid dianhydride having an ester bond as an acid dianhydride component.
- the diamine having a fluoroalkyl group is preferably a fluoroalkyl-substituted benzidine such as TFMB.
- the ratio of diamine having a fluoroalkyl group to the total amount of diamine components of polyimide is preferably 30 mol% or more, more preferably 50 mol% or more, even more preferably 70 mol% or more, 80 mol% or more, 85 mol% or more, or 90 mol% or more. It may be mol% or more. It is preferred that the amount of fluoroalkyl-substituted benzidine is within the above range, and it is particularly preferred that the amount of TFMB is within the above range.
- the diamine having no fluoroalkyl group includes a diamine having an alicyclic structure and a diamine having an ether structure.
- a diamine having a fluorene skeleton, a diamine having a sulfone group, and a diamine having a fluorine-containing group other than a fluoroalkyl group are preferred.
- bis(trimellitic anhydride) ester is preferable as the acid dianhydride having an ester bond, and among them, TAHMBP is particularly preferable.
- the ratio of the acid dianhydride having an ester bond to the total amount of acid dianhydride components of the polyimide is preferably 10 mol% or more, more preferably 20 mol% or more, 30 mol% or more, 50 mol% or more, 60 mol% or more. Or it may be 75 mol% or more. It is preferable that the amount of bis(trimellitic anhydride) ester is within the above range, and it is particularly preferable that the amount of TAHMBP is within the above range.
- the acid dianhydride having no ester bond may contain a fluoroalkyl group.
- Preferred are acid dianhydrides, alicyclic tetracarboxylic dianhydrides, acid dianhydrides having an ether structure, and aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydrides.
- Total of bis(trimellitic anhydride) ester, acid dianhydride having a fluoroalkyl group, acid dianhydride having an ether structure, alicyclic tetracarboxylic dianhydride, and the above-mentioned aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride is preferably 70 mol% or more, more preferably 80 mol% or more, even more preferably 90 mol% or more, and may be 95 mol% or more or 100 mol%, based on the total amount of acid dianhydride components of the polyimide. .
- polyimide having a fluorene skeleton and (2) polyimide having a fluoroalkyl group and an ester bond, even if it is a polyamideimide containing a dicarboxylic acid-derived structure represented by the general formula (Va). good.
- the amount of the dicarboxylic acid-derived structure in the polyamide-imide is 10 mole parts or more, 20 mole parts or more, 30 mole parts or more, based on 100 mole parts of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride-derived structure represented by general formula (IIIa), Alternatively, it may be 40 mole parts or more.
- the amount of the dicarboxylic acid-derived structure is preferably 250 mol parts or less, more preferably 200 mol parts or less, 100 mol parts or less, 80 mol parts or less, 60 mol parts or less, based on 100 mol parts of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride-derived structure. part or less or 50 mole parts or less.
- a polyamic acid as a polyimide precursor is obtained by the reaction of an acid dianhydride and a diamine, and a polyimide is obtained by cyclodehydration (imidization) of the polyamic acid.
- the method for preparing polyamic acid is not particularly limited, and any known method can be applied.
- a polyamic acid solution can be obtained by dissolving diamine and tetracarboxylic dianhydride in approximately equimolar amounts (molar ratio of 90:100 to 110:100) in an organic solvent and stirring.
- polyamide-imide When preparing polyamide-imide, polyamide-imide may be prepared using dicarboxylic acid or its derivatives (dicarboxylic dichloride, dicarboxylic anhydride, etc.) as monomers in addition to diamine and tetracarboxylic dianhydride. In this case, the amount of each monomer may be adjusted so that the total amount of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride and the dicarboxylic acid or its derivative becomes approximately equivalent molar amount to the diamine.
- dicarboxylic acid or its derivatives dicarboxylic dichloride, dicarboxylic anhydride, etc.
- the concentration of the polyamic acid solution is usually 5 to 35% by weight, preferably 10 to 30% by weight. When the concentration is within this range, the polyamic acid obtained by polymerization has an appropriate molecular weight, and the polyamic acid solution has an appropriate viscosity.
- a method of adding an acid dianhydride to a diamine is preferred in order to suppress ring opening of the acid dianhydride.
- adding multiple types of diamines or multiple types of acid dianhydrides they may be added at once or may be added in multiple portions.
- Various physical properties of polyimide can also be controlled by adjusting the order of addition of monomers.
- Polyimide is obtained by cyclodehydration of polyamic acid.
- a method for preparing polyimide from a polyamic acid solution includes a method in which a dehydrating agent, an imidization catalyst, etc. are added to the polyamic acid solution, and imidization is allowed to proceed in the solution. In order to promote the progress of imidization, the polyamic acid solution may be heated. By mixing a solution containing polyimide produced by imidization of polyamic acid with a poor solvent, polyimide is precipitated as a solid substance. By isolating polyimide as a solid, impurities generated during the synthesis of polyamic acid, residual dehydrating agents, imidization catalysts, etc.
- a solvent suitable for forming a film such as a low boiling point solvent, can be used when preparing a solution for producing a molded object such as a film.
- Polyester resin is a condensate of dicarboxylic acid and glycol.
- Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) a typical polyester, is a condensation product of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid, and has high crystallinity and low solubility in organic solvents.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- a polyester resin soluble in an organic solvent is used.
- polyester soluble in an organic solvent As a polyester soluble in an organic solvent, (A) a glycol component having 4 or more carbon atoms between two hydroxy groups is used, (B) an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid is used as a dicarboxylic acid component, etc. to form crystals. Examples include those with reduced properties or those with amorphous properties.
- Glycols in which the number of carbon atoms between two hydroxy groups is 4 or more include 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol , 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, isosorbide, polycarbonate diol, 4,4'-isopropylidene bis(2-phenoxyethanol), 4,4'-isopropylidene bis (3-phenoxyethanol), 4,4'-isopropylidenebis(4-phenoxyethanol), and the like.
- the polyester may contain a trifunctional or higher functional polyhydric alcohol, such as glycerin, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, etc., as a polyol component.
- a trifunctional or higher functional polyhydric alcohol such as glycerin, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, etc.
- aliphatic dicarboxylic acids include oxalic acid, succinic acid, succinic anhydride, adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, Examples include 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, and tetrahydrophthalic acid.
- an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid may be used together.
- a typical example of the aromatic dicarboxylic acid is terephthalic acid, and other examples include isophthalic acid, orthophthalic acid, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, biphenyl dicarboxylic acid, and the like.
- dicarboxylic acid derivatives such as acid anhydrides may be used as the dicarboxylic acid component.
- the polyester contains trifunctional or higher functional polybasic acids as acid components, such as trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, benzophenonetetracarboxylic anhydride, trimesic acid, and ethylene glycol. It may contain bis(anhydrotrimellitate), glycerol tris(anhydrotrimellitate), 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid, and the like.
- the method for polymerizing polyester is not particularly limited, and various known methods can be employed, such as a method in which an oligomer is obtained by a transesterification method or a direct esterification method, followed by melt polymerization or further solid phase polymerization.
- a resin composition is prepared by mixing the above polyimide and polyester resin.
- the ratio of polyimide and polyester resin in the resin composition is not particularly limited.
- the mixing ratio (weight ratio) of polyimide and polyester resin may be 98:2 to 2:98, 95:5 to 10:90, or 90:10 to 15:85.
- the higher the proportion of polyimide the higher the mechanical strength of a molded article such as a film tends to be.
- the higher the proportion of the polyester resin the less coloring of the molded product such as the film and the higher the transparency.
- the ratio of polyester resin to the total of polyimide and polyester resin is preferably 10% by weight or more, 15% by weight or more, It may be 20% by weight or more, 25% by weight or more, 30% by weight or more, 35% by weight or more, 40% by weight or more, 45% by weight or more, or 50% by weight or more.
- Polyimide is a polymer with a special molecular structure, and generally has low solubility in organic solvents and is not compatible with other polymers. Further, as described above, polyethylene terephthalate, which is a typical example of polyester resin, has high crystallinity and does not show solubility in organic solvents. In this embodiment, by using a specific organic solvent-soluble polyimide and polyester resin, the polyimide and polyester exhibit high solubility and compatibility with the organic solvent.
- Whether polyimide and polyester resin exhibit compatibility in a solution state is confirmed by dissolving the resin composition in dimethylformamide (DMF) so that the solid content concentration is 10% by weight. If the DMF solution does not phase separate and is transparent, it is determined that the polyimide and polyester resin are compatible in the resin composition, and if the DMF solution is separated into two or more phases or is cloudy. If so, it is determined that polyimide and polyester resin are not compatible.
- the haze of a solution containing polyimide and polyester resin measured at an optical path length of 1 cm is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less, even more preferably 2% or less, and particularly preferably 1% or less.
- the resin composition containing polyimide and polyester resin preferably has a single glass transition temperature in suggestive scanning calorimetry (DSC) and/or dynamic rheology (DMA) in a solid state.
- DSC suggestive scanning calorimetry
- DMA dynamic rheology
- the resin composition has a single glass transition temperature, it can be considered that the polyimide and polyester resin are completely compatible. It is preferable that the molded article containing polyimide and polyester resin also have a single glass transition temperature.
- the resin composition may be simply a mixture of polyimide and polyester resin precipitated as a solid content, or may be a mixture of polyimide and polyester resin. Also, when mixing a polyimide solution with a poor solvent to precipitate a polyimide resin, a polyester resin is mixed with the solution and a resin composition containing a mixture of polyimide and polyester resin is precipitated as a solid (powder). Good too.
- the solvent for the solution containing polyimide and polyester resin is not particularly limited as long as it exhibits solubility for both polyimide and polyester resin.
- solvents include amide solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane; acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, Ketone solvents such as methylpropylketone, methylisopropylketone, methylisobutylketone, diethylketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, methylcyclohexanone; chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, chlorobenzene, Examples include halogenated alkyl solvents such as dichlorobenzene and dichloromethane.
- polyimide has low solubility in solvents, and often dissolves only in highly polar solvents. Therefore, from the viewpoint of solubility of polyimide resin and compatibility between polyimide resin and polyester resin in solution, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, etc. An amide solvent is preferred. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of removability of the solvent when producing a film, low-boiling non-amide solvents such as ketone solvents and halogenated alkyl solvents are preferred.
- Molding methods include melt methods such as injection molding, transfer molding, press molding, blow molding, inflation molding, calendar molding, and melt extrusion molding.
- a resin composition containing polyimide and a polyester resin tends to have a lower melt viscosity than polyimide alone, and has excellent moldability in injection molding, transfer molding, press molding, melt extrusion molding, etc.
- a solution of a resin composition containing polyimide and a polyester resin tends to have a lower solution viscosity than a solution of polyimide alone having the same solid content concentration. Therefore, it has excellent handling properties such as transportation of the solution, has high coating properties, and is advantageous in reducing unevenness in film thickness.
- the molded body is a film.
- the film may be formed by either a melt method or a solution method, but the solution method is preferred from the viewpoint of producing a film with excellent transparency and uniformity.
- the solution method a film is obtained by applying a solution containing the above polyimide and polyester resin onto a support and drying and removing the solvent.
- a method for coating the resin solution on the support a known method using a bar coater, a comma coater, etc. can be applied.
- a glass substrate, a metal substrate such as SUS, a metal drum, a metal belt, a plastic film, etc. can be used. From the viewpoint of improving productivity, it is preferable to manufacture the film by roll-to-roll using an endless support such as a metal drum or a metal belt, or a long plastic film as the support.
- a material that does not dissolve in the solvent of the film-forming dope may be appropriately selected.
- the heating temperature is not particularly limited as long as the solvent can be removed and the coloring of the obtained film can be suppressed, and it is appropriately set between room temperature and about 250°C, preferably between 50°C and 220°C.
- the heating temperature may be increased in steps.
- the resin film may be peeled off from the support and dried after drying has progressed to some extent. Heating may be performed under reduced pressure to facilitate solvent removal.
- Stretching may be performed in one direction or in multiple directions for the purpose of improving the mechanical strength of the film.
- the polymer chains are oriented in the stretching direction, which improves the in-plane strength of the film and tends to suppress the occurrence of cracks and cracks in the film.
- the tensile modulus in the stretching direction tends to increase, and the bending resistance tends to improve accordingly.
- films used as cover films and substrate materials for foldable display devices are repeatedly bent along the bending axis at the same location, so they have high mechanical strength in the direction orthogonal to the bending axis. is required. Therefore, by arranging the film so that the stretching direction is perpendicular to the bending axis, even if the film is repeatedly bent, the film is less likely to break or crack at the bending point, and a device with high bending resistance can be provided.
- the conditions for stretching the film are not particularly limited.
- the stretching temperature is approximately ⁇ 40°C, the glass transition temperature of the film, and may be approximately 120-300°C, 150-250°C, or 180-230°C.
- the stretching ratio is approximately 1 to 200%, and may be 5 to 150%, 10 to 120%, or 20 to 100%. As the stretching ratio increases, the tensile modulus in the stretching direction tends to increase. On the other hand, if the stretching ratio is too large, the mechanical strength in the direction orthogonal to the stretching direction tends to decrease, and the handling properties of the film may decrease.
- the thickness of the film is not particularly limited and may be set appropriately depending on the application.
- the thickness of the film is, for example, 5 to 300 ⁇ m. From the viewpoint of achieving both self-support and flexibility and a highly transparent film, the thickness of the film is preferably 20 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, and may be 30 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m, 40 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, or 50 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m. .
- the thickness of the film used as a display cover film is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more. When stretching the film, the thickness after stretching is preferably within the above range.
- the haze of the film is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less, even more preferably 4% or less, and may be 3.5% or less, 3% or less, 2% or less, or 1% or less. The lower the haze of the film, the better.
- the resin composition obtained by mixing polyimide and polyester resin preferably has a haze of 10% or less when a film having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m is produced.
- the total light transmittance of the film is preferably 85% or more, and preferably 90% or more.
- the resin composition obtained by mixing polyimide and polyester resin preferably has a total light transmittance of 85% or more when a film having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m is produced.
- the yellowness index (YI) of the film is preferably 5.0 or less, and may be 4.0 or less, 3.0 or less, 2.0 or less, 1.5 or less, or 1.0 or less.
- the resin composition obtained by mixing polyimide and polyester resin preferably has a yellowness of 5.0 or less when a film having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m is produced. As described above, by mixing polyimide and polyester resin, a film with less coloring and a lower YI can be obtained than when polyimide is used alone.
- the tensile modulus of the film at room temperature is preferably 2.0 GPa or more, more preferably 3.0 GPa or more.
- the tensile modulus may have anisotropy, and the tensile modulus in at least one direction is 4.0 GPa or more, 5.0 GPa or more, 5.5 GPa or more, 6.0 GPa or more, 6 It may be .5 GPa or more or 7.0 GPa or more.
- the pencil hardness of the film is preferably 6B or more, preferably 4B or more, and may be 2B or more, F or more, or 2H or more. In a compatible system of polyimide and polyester resin, pencil hardness does not easily decrease even if the ratio of polyester resin is increased. Therefore, it is possible to provide a film that is less colored and has excellent transparency without significantly reducing the excellent mechanical strength characteristic of polyimide.
- the tensile modulus of the film at 150° C. is preferably 1.0 MPa or more, more preferably 10.0 MPa or more, and even more preferably 100 MPa or more.
- a high elastic modulus at high temperatures is preferable because it reduces the amount of deformation of the molded product under high-temperature environments or long-term use environments.
- a film formed from a resin composition containing polyimide and polyester resin has little coloration and high transparency, and is therefore suitably used as a display material.
- films with high mechanical strength can be applied to surface members such as cover windows of displays.
- the film of the present invention may be provided with an antistatic layer, an easily adhesive layer, a hard coat layer, an antireflection layer, etc. on the surface.
- IPA was added, and after stirring for about 30 minutes, suction filtration was performed using a Kiriyama funnel. After washing the obtained solid with IPA, it was dried in a vacuum oven set at 120° C. for 12 hours to obtain a polyimide resin.
- Examples 1 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 15 Preparation of resin composition and production of film]
- the above polyimide or polyamideimide resin and a solvent-soluble polyester resin (Unitika's "Eritel UE-3200G", glass transition temperature: 65 ° C., a copolymer of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, neopentyl glycol, and ethylene glycol; Polyester 1) (hereinafter referred to as "polyester 1”) was dissolved in a weight ratio of 1:1 to prepare a DMF solution with a solid content of 10% by weight, and a film with a thickness of about 10 ⁇ m was produced in the same manner as above.
- polyester resin was replaced with polyester 1 by using a copolymer of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 4,4'-isopropylidene bis(2-phenoxyethanol), and ethylene glycol with a glass transition temperature of 75°C.
- An amorphous polyester resin hereinafter referred to as "Polyester 2" was used.
- Table 1 shows the compositions of the resins of Examples 1 to 13 and Comparative Examples 1 to 10 (the composition of polyimide and the type of polyester resin) and the evaluation results of the films.
- Table 2 shows the compositions of the resins (composition of polyamide-imide and type of polyester resin) of Examples 14 to 17 and Comparative Examples 11 to 15, and the evaluation results of the films.
- Tables 1 and 2 also show the measurement results of the total light transmittance of a film of a reference example produced using the same polyimide resin and polyamideimide resin alone as those used in each example.
- compounds are described by the following abbreviations.
- TAHMBP Bacillus subtilis::Bis(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-5-carboxylic acid)-2,2',3,3',5,5'-hexamethylbiphenyl-4,4'diyl
- BP -TME Bis(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-5-carboxylic acid)-biphenyl-4,4'diyl BPAF: 9,9-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)fluorene di
- Anhydride 6FDA 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane dianhydride
- BPDA 3,3',4,4'-biphenyl Tetracarboxylic dianhydride
- PMDA Pyromellitic anhydride
- ODPA 4,4'-oxydiphthalic acid
- TPC Terephthalic acid dichloride
- BPC 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid dichloride
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Abstract
Description
(A)グリコール成分として2つのヒドロキシ基の間の炭素原子数が4以上であるグリコールを含む;
(B)ジカルボン酸成分として脂肪族ジカルボン酸を含む。
本発明の一実施形態は、ポリイミドとポリエステル系樹脂とを含む相溶系の樹脂組成物である。ポリイミド樹脂およびポリエステル系樹脂はいずれも溶媒可溶であり、両者が相溶していることにより、樹脂組成物により形成されるフィルムは透明性を示す。
ポリエステル系樹脂と相溶性を示すポリイミドとしては、有機溶媒に可溶であるものが好ましい。有機溶媒可溶のポリイミドは、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)に対して、1重量%以上の濃度で溶解するものが好ましい。ポリイミドは、DMF等のアミド系溶媒に加えて、非アミド系溶媒に対しても可溶であるものが特に好ましい。
(フルオレン骨格を有するジアミン)
フルオレン骨格を有するジアミンは、1以上のフルオレン骨格を有するジアミン残基Yに、2つのアミノ基が結合した化合物である。ポリイミドのジアミン成分がフルオレン骨格を含むことにより、ポリイミドの透明性および有機溶媒に対する溶解性が向上するとともに、ポリエステル系樹脂との相溶性が向上する傾向がある。フルオレン骨格を有するジアミンの具体例として、下記(A)群で表されるジアミンが挙げられる。
フルオロアルキル基を有するジアミンとしては、フルオロアルキル置換ベンジジンが挙げられる。フルオロアルキル置換ベンジジンの具体例としては、2-(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、3-(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,3-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,5-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2、6-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,3,5-トリス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,3,6-トリス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,3,5,6-テトラキス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,2’-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、3,3’-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,3’-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,2’,3-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,3,3’-トリス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,2’,5-トリス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,2’,6-トリス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,3’,5-トリス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,3’,6,-トリス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,2’,3,3’-テトラキス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,2’,5,5’-テトラキス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン、2,2’,6,6’-テトラキス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン等が挙げられる。
ポリイミドは、ジアミン成分として、上記以外のジアミンを含んでいてもよい。有機溶媒への溶解性およびポリエステル系樹脂との相溶性の高いポリイミドを得る観点から、上記以外のジアミン(すなわち、フルオレン骨格およびフルオロアルキル基のいずれも有していないジアミン)の好ましい例としては、脂環式構造を有するジアミン、スルホン基を有するジアミン、フルオロアルキル基以外のフッ素含有基を有するジアミンが挙げられる。
ポリイミドのジアミン成分として、アミド結合を有するジアミンを用いてもよい。例えば、ジカルボン酸の両端のカルボキシ基にジアミンが結合して生成したアミドは、一般式(VII)で表される。
(フルオレン骨格を有する酸二無水物)
フルオレン骨格を有する酸二無水物は、1以上のフルオレン骨格を有するテトラカルボン酸二無水物残基Xに、2つの酸無水物基が結合した化合物である。ポリイミドの酸二無水物成分がフルオレン骨格を含むことにより、ポリイミドの透明性および有機溶媒に対する溶解性が向上するとともに、ポリエステル系樹脂との相溶性が向上する傾向がある。フルオレン骨格を有する酸二無水物の具体例として、下記(B)群で表されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物や、N,N’-(9H-フルオレン-9-イリデンジ-4,1-フェニレン)ビス[1,3-ジハイドロ-1,3-ジオキソ-5-イソベンゾフランカルボキサミド]が挙げられる。
ポリイミドは、酸二無水物成分として、上記以外の酸二無水物を含んでいてもよい。有機溶媒への溶解性およびポリエステル系樹脂との相溶性の高いポリイミドを得る観点から、上記以外の酸二無水物(すなわち、フルオレン骨格およびエステル結合のいずれも有していない酸二無水物)の好ましい例としては、フルオロアルキル基を有する酸二無水物、脂環式テトラカルボン酸二無水物、エーテル結合を有する酸二無水物、および芳香族酸二無水物が挙げられる。
前述のように、ポリイミドは、一般式(Va)で表されるジカルボン酸由来の構造を含むポリアミドイミドであってもよい。ポリアミドイミドの調製には、ジカルボン酸、またはジカルボン酸誘導体が用いられる。ジカルボン酸としては、アジピン酸、スベリン酸、アゼライン酸、セバシン酸、ドデカン二酸等の脂肪族ジカルボン酸;テレフタル酸、イソフタル酸、2-クロロテレフタル酸、2-メチルテレフタル酸、5-メチルイソフタル酸、2,6-ナフタレンジカルボン酸、4,4’-オキシビス安息香酸、4,4’-ビフェニルジカルボン酸、2-フルオロテレフタル酸等の芳香族ジカルボン酸;1,4-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸、1,3-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸、1,2-ヘキサヒドロテレフタル酸、ヘキサヒドロイソフタル酸、1,3-シクロペンタンジカルボン酸、ビ(シクロヘキシル)-4,4’-ジカルボン酸等の脂環式ジカルボン酸;2,5-チオフェンジカルボン酸、2,5-フランジカルボン酸等の複素環式ジカルボン酸が挙げられる。
前述のように、本実施形態で用いるポリイミドは、(1)ジアミン成分および酸二無水物成分の少なくともいずれか一方がフルオレン骨格を有しているか、または(2)ジアミン成分がフルオロアルキル基を有し、酸二無水物成分がエステル結合を有している。以下では、(1)フルオレン骨格を有するポリイミド、および(2)フルオロアルキル基およびエステル結合を有するポリイミドの好ましい組成について詳述する。
酸二無水物とジアミンとの反応によりポリイミド前駆体としてのポリアミド酸が得られ、ポリアミド酸の脱水環化(イミド化)によりポリイミドが得られる。ポリアミド酸の調製方法は特に限定されず、公知のあらゆる方法を適用できる。例えば、ジアミンとテトラカルボン酸二無水物とを、略等モル量(90:100~110:100のモル比)で有機溶媒中に溶解させ、攪拌することにより、ポリアミド酸溶液が得られる。
ポリエステル系樹脂は、ジカルボン酸とグリコールの縮合物である。代表的なポリエステルであるポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)は、エチレングリコールとテレフタル酸の縮合物であり、結晶性が高く、有機溶媒に対する溶解性が低い。本実施形態においては、有機溶媒に可溶のポリエステル系樹脂を用いる。
上記のポリイミドとポリエステル系樹脂とを混合して、樹脂組成物を調製する。樹脂組成物におけるポリイミドとポリエステル系樹脂との比率は特に限定されない。ポリイミドとポリエステル系樹脂の混合比(重量比)は、98:2~2:98、95:5~10:90、または90:10~15:85であってもよい。ポリイミドの比率が高いほど、フィルム等の成形体の機械強度が高くなる傾向がある。ポリエステル系樹脂の比率が高いほど、フィルム等の成形体の着色が少なく透明性が高くなる傾向がある。
上記の組成物は、各種の成形体の形成に使用できる。成形法としては、射出成形、トランスファー成形、プレス成形、ブロー成形、インフレーション成形、カレンダー成形、溶融押出成形等の溶融法が挙げられる。ポリイミドとポリエステル系樹脂を含む樹脂組成物は、ポリイミド単体に比べて溶融粘度が小さい傾向があり、射出成形、トランスファー成形、プレス成形、溶融押出成形等の成形性に優れている。
セパラブルフラスコにジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)を投入し、窒素雰囲気下で撹拌した。そこに、表1に示す比率(モル%)で、ジアミンおよびテトラカルボン酸二無水物を投入し、さらに酢酸を投入後、窒素雰囲気下にて5~10時間撹拌して反応させ、固形分濃度13重量%のポリアミド酸溶液を得た。ポリアミド酸溶液に、イミド化触媒としてピリジンを添加し、完全に分散させた後、無水酢酸を添加し、90℃で3時間攪拌した。室温まで冷却した後、溶液を攪拌しながら、2-プロピルアルコール(IPA)を滴下して、ポリイミド樹脂を析出させた。さらにIPAを添加し、約30分撹拌後、桐山ロートを使用して吸引ろ過を行った。得られた固体をIPAで洗浄した後、120℃に設定した真空オーブンで12時間乾燥させて、ポリイミド樹脂を得た。
セパラブルフラスコにジメチルアセトアミド(DMAc)を投入し、窒素雰囲気下で撹拌した。そこに、表2に示す比率(モル%)で、ジアミン、テトラカルボン酸二無水物、および酸クロライドを投入し、窒素雰囲気下にて5~10時間撹拌して反応させ、固形分濃度9重量%のポリアミド酸溶液を得た。その後は、ポリイミド樹脂の調製と同様に、イミド化け、樹脂の析出、洗浄および乾燥を行い、ポリアミドイミド樹脂を得た。
DMFに上記のポリイミドまたはポリアミドイミド樹脂を溶解させて、固形分10重量%のDMF溶液を調製した。この溶液を無アルカリガラス板上に塗布し、60℃で15分、150℃で30分、200℃で15分、大気雰囲気下で加熱乾燥し、ガラス板上に厚さ約10μmのフィルムが密着積層されているフィルム付きガラス板を作製した。
DMFに、上記のポリイミドまたはポリアミドイミド樹脂と、溶媒可溶性ポリエステル樹脂(ユニチカ製「エリーテル UE-3200G」、ガラス転移温度:65℃、テレフタル酸、イソフタル酸、ネオペンチルグリコールおよびエチレグリコールの共重合体;以下「ポリエステル1」)を、1:1の重量比で溶解させて、固形分10重量%のDMF溶液を調製し、上記と同様にして厚さ約10μmのフィルムを作製した。なお、実施例2では、ポリエステル樹脂として、ポリエステル1に代えて、テレフタル酸、イソフタル酸、4,4’-イソプロピリデンビス(2-フェノキシエタノール)およびエチレグリコールの共重合体であるガラス転移温度75℃の非晶質ポリエステル樹脂;以下「ポリエステル2」)を用いた。
実施例および比較例で得られた厚さ約10μmのフィルムが積層されているフィルム付きガラスを測定試料とした。スガ試験機製のヘイズメーター「HZ-V3」により、JIS K7136およびJIS K7361-1に従って、ヘイズおよび全光線透過率(TT)を測定し、スガ試験機製の分光測色計「SC-P」により、JIS K7373に従って黄色度(YI)を測定した。
実施例1~13および比較例1~10樹脂の組成(ポリイミドの組成、およびポリエステル樹脂の種類)、ならびにフィルムの評価結果を、表1に示す。実施例14~17および比較例11~15の樹脂の組成(ポリアミドイミドの組成、およびポリエステル樹脂の種類)、ならびにフィルムの評価結果を、表2に示す。表1および表2では、各実施例で用いたものと同一のポリイミド樹脂およびポリアミドイミド樹脂を単独で用いて作製した参考例のフィルムの全光線透過率の測定結果をあわせて示している。
表1および表2において、化合物は以下の略称により記載している。
TAHMBP::ビス(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロイソベンゾフラン-5-カルボン酸)-2,2’,3,3’,5,5’-ヘキサメチルビフェニル-4,4’ジイル
BP-TME:ビス(1,3-ジオキソ-1,3-ジヒドロイソベンゾフラン-5-カルボン酸)-ビフェニル-4,4’ジイル
BPAF:9,9-ビス(3,4-ジカルボキシフェニル)フルオレン二無水物
6FDA:2,2-ビス(3,4-ジカルボキシフェニル)-1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロプロパン二無水物
BPDA:3,3’,4,4’-ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物
PMDA:ピロメリット酸無水物
ODPA:4,4’-オキシジフタル酸二無水物
CBDA:1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物
H-PMDA:1,2,4,5-シクロヘキサンテトラカルボン酸二無水物
H-BPDA:1,1’-ビシクロヘキサン-3,3’,4,4’テトラカルボン酸-3,4:3’,4’-二無水物
TPC:テレフタル酸ジクロリド
BPC:4,4’-ビフェニルジカルボン酸ジクロリド
TFMB:2,2’-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン
BAFL:9,9-ビス(4-アミノフェニル)フルオレン
DDS:3,3’-ジアミノジフェニルスルホン
ISO:イソホロンジアミン
BAMC:1,3-ビス(アミノメチル)シクロヘキサン
BAMN:ビス(アミノメチル)ノルボルナン
Claims (17)
- 溶媒可溶性のポリイミド、および溶媒可溶性のポリエステル系樹脂を含み、
前記ポリエステル系樹脂は、ジカルボン酸成分とグリコール成分の縮合構造を有し、下記(A)および(B)の少なくとも一方を満たし:
(A)グリコール成分として2つのヒドロキシ基の間の炭素原子数が4以上であるグリコールを含む;
(B)ジカルボン酸成分として脂肪族ジカルボン酸を含む、
前記ポリイミドは、一般式(IIa)で表されるジアミン由来構造、および一般式(IIIa)で表されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物由来構造を有し、
Yは2価の有機基であるジアミン残基であり、Xは4価の有機基であるテトラカルボン酸二無水物残基であり、
前記ポリイミドが、下記(1)および(2)の少なくとも一方を満たす:
(1)前記ジアミン由来構造および前記テトラカルボン酸二無水物由来構造の少なくとも一方がフルオレン骨格を有する;
(2)前記ジアミン由来構造がフルオロアルキル基を有し、前記テトラカルボン酸二無水物由来構造がエステル結合を有する、
樹脂組成物。 - 前記ポリイミドが、前記ジアミン由来構造としてフルオロアルキル基を有するジアミンに由来する構造を含み、前記テトラカルボン酸二無水物由来構造としてフルオレン骨格を有するテトラカルボン酸二無水物に由来する構造を含む、請求項1に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリイミドは、前記テトラカルボン酸二無水物由来構造の全量に対するフルオレン骨格を有するテトラカルボン酸二無水物に由来する構造の比率が20モル%以上である、請求項1または2に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリイミドが、前記ジアミン由来構造としてフルオレン骨格を有するジアミンに由来する構造を含み、前記テトラカルボン酸二無水物由来構造としてフルオロアルキル基を有するテトラカルボン酸二無水物に由来する構造を含む、請求項1に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリイミドは、前記ジアミン由来構造の全量に対するフルオレン骨格を有するジアミンに由来する構造の比率が20モル%以上である、請求項1または4に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリイミドが、前記ジアミン由来構造としてフルオロアルキル基を有するジアミンに由来する構造を含み、
前記フルオロアルキル基を有するジアミンが、フルオロアルキル置換ベンジジンである、請求項1に記載の樹脂組成物。 - 前記フルオロアルキル置換ベンジジンが、2,2’-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジンである、請求項6に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリイミドは、前記ジアミン由来構造の全量に対するフルオロアルキル基を有するジアミンに由来する構造の比率が20モル%以上である、請求項1、2、4、6および7のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリイミドが、前記テトラカルボン酸二無水物由来構造としてエステル結合を有するテトラカルボン酸二無水物に由来する構造を含み、前記エステル結合を有するテトラカルボン酸二無水物が、ビス(無水トリメリット酸)エステルである、請求項1、6および7のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリイミドは、前記テトラカルボン酸二無水物由来構造の全量に対する、ビス(無水トリメリット酸)エステルに由来する構造の比率が10モル%以上である、請求項9に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリイミドと前記ポリエステル系樹脂を、98:2~2:98の範囲の重量比で含む、請求項1、2、4、6および7のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1、2、4、6および7のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物を含む成形体。
- 請求項1、2、4、6および7のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物を含むフィルム。
- 全光線透過率が85%以上、ヘイズが10%以下、黄色度が5.0以下である、請求項16に記載のフィルム。
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| WO2020241523A1 (ja) * | 2019-05-24 | 2020-12-03 | 旭化成株式会社 | ポリイミド前駆体及びポリイミド樹脂組成物 |
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| WO2025135188A1 (ja) * | 2023-12-21 | 2025-06-26 | 株式会社カネカ | 樹脂組成物、成形体およびフィルム |
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