WO2023236787A1 - 一种离心式微流控分析芯片 - Google Patents

一种离心式微流控分析芯片 Download PDF

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WO2023236787A1
WO2023236787A1 PCT/CN2023/096470 CN2023096470W WO2023236787A1 WO 2023236787 A1 WO2023236787 A1 WO 2023236787A1 CN 2023096470 W CN2023096470 W CN 2023096470W WO 2023236787 A1 WO2023236787 A1 WO 2023236787A1
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liquid
channel
detection system
substrate
distribution detection
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PCT/CN2023/096470
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨柳青
徐刚
李鑫
郭冠华
王欢欢
王超
刘聪
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安图实验仪器(郑州)有限公司
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Publication of WO2023236787A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023236787A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
    • B01L3/502707—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by the manufacture of the container or its components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a micro-total analysis system, and in particular to a centrifugal microfluidic analysis chip.
  • centrifugal microfluidic chips are widely used in applications due to their advantages of high throughput, high integration, high automation, portability and low processing cost.
  • ⁇ -TAS Micro Total Analysis Systems
  • centrifugal microfluidic analysis chips for liquid equalization: one is to perform centrifugal equalization directly, and the other is to perform preliminary equalization and then perform centrifugal equalization.
  • the direct centrifugal equalization method is to first add the liquid to be measured into the wave-shaped channel, and then perform centrifugal operation, so that the liquid is evenly distributed into the reaction pool through the capillary passive valve for reaction.
  • Chinese Patent Authorization Announcement No. CN103831140B discloses "a multi-index detection microfluidic chip".
  • the microfluidic chip consists of a wavy main channel, a buffer hole and a reaction hole; during operation, liquid is added to the wavy main channel. , forcing the liquid into the reaction well through centrifugal driving, and using a buffer pool to replenish the liquid in the reaction pool.
  • the microfluidic chip realizes the equal distribution operation of the liquid in the reaction tank, since the reaction tank and the buffer tank are connected as a whole structure, the actual volume of liquid participating in the reaction is the sum of the liquid volumes of the buffer tank and the reaction tank. Therefore, this There are still errors in the structural detection results. And during centrifugal rotation, when the gas in the reaction tank is displaced into the wavy main channel, part of the liquid in the wave peak of the wavy main channel will be pushed into the adjacent channels, which will also cause inaccurate liquid distribution in the liquid separation tank. The uniformity of the evenly distributed liquid in the buffer pool and reaction pool cannot be guaranteed.
  • the control chip is composed of a sample addition tank, a siphon channel, a sample dividing buffer tank and a reaction tank; when working, it uses a two-stage rotational speed to firstly divide the liquid in the sample addition tank into the sample dividing buffer tank through the siphon channel, and then increase the speed to divide the sample.
  • the liquid in the buffer pool is transported to the reaction pool for reaction; although this solution can avoid the impact of gas-liquid exchange on the liquid preparation to a certain extent when the liquid is equally divided, it requires a dedicated sampling tank to be reserved on the chip, so that the solution in a limited space
  • the number of reaction cells is reduced, and the detection throughput is reduced.
  • multiple speeds are used for equalization, which requires higher performance of the motor and the manufacturing cost of supporting instruments will also increase.
  • the volume of the quantitative pool is 0.8 to 1.2 times the volume of the reaction pool, which is used to achieve equal distribution of the liquid; it is concluded from multiple tests that the ratio of the longitudinal length to the transverse length of the quantitative pool is ⁇ 1.2: At 1, it is easier for liquid to fill the quantitative cell.
  • the step valve or transition hole is used to improve the reliability of the microfluidic analysis chip, reduce the length of the capillary channel, reduce the diameter of the substrate, and also prevent the backflow of liquid; the start mark position is used to realize microfluidic control
  • the marks at the positions of each hole on the analysis chip can be any-shaped gaps or any-shaped marking patterns.
  • a connecting channel of the first liquid equalizing detection unit of the liquid equalizing detection system is connected, and a connecting channel of the last liquid equalizing detection unit of the third liquid equalizing detection system is connected to the exhaust gas through the exhaust channel.
  • the air holes are connected; the diversion channel is connected with the waste liquid pool at the same time; the waste liquid pool is used to collect excess liquid in the diversion channel to avoid causing the reaction of the first liquid equalization detection unit in the third liquid equalization detection system Dosing error in the pool.
  • the two connecting channels in the liquid equal distribution detection unit are respectively provided toward the center of the circular substrate or away from the center of the circular substrate; the two connecting channels are respectively provided with a curved section.
  • the invention sets a gas storage chamber in the quantitative cell to avoid the gas displaced from the reaction cell from entering the connecting channel, causing the liquid in the connecting channel to migrate to the adjacent reaction pool, resulting in inaccurate liquid preparation.
  • the cross-sectional size of the connecting channel is much smaller than the cross-sectional size of the quantitative cell, which increases the fluid resistance of the liquid flowing to the connecting channel during the rotation process and improves the accuracy of liquid dispensing; each liquid equal distribution detection unit can be combined in any way, and the structural design is diverse properties, increasing the scope of use.
  • the invention does not use siphon channels and wavy channels, has a simple structure, low processing difficulty, and reduces the cost of supporting instruments.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic top view of the structure of a substrate in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 1.2 is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid equalization detection unit of the present invention.
  • Figure 1.4 is a schematic structural diagram of changing the step valve in Figure 1.2 into a transition hole.
  • Figure 3.1 is a schematic structural diagram of a substrate in which the first liquid equal distribution detection system and the second liquid equal distribution detection system are connected in parallel according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3.2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Figure 3.1 viewed from above.
  • Figure 4.2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Figure 4.1 viewed from above.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interactive relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited.
  • fixing can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interactive relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited.
  • the meaning of "and/or” appearing in the entire text is to include three parallel solutions, taking "A and/or B as an example", including solution A, or solution B, or a solution that satisfies both A and B at the same time.
  • the technical solutions in various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization by those of ordinary skill in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be realized, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist. , nor within the protection scope required by the present invention.
  • the centrifugal microfluidic analysis chip of the present invention includes a chip body composed of a disc-structured substrate 1 and a cover sheet bonded to the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate 1; symmetrical to the chip
  • the center of the body penetrates the substrate 1 and is provided with three rotation positioning holes 2 for connection with the rotating shaft;
  • the substrate 1 is provided with a sampling hole 3, an exhaust hole 4 and an exhaust channel 5;
  • the sampling hole 3 is a cylindrical shape or tapered holes and other holes that implement the sample injection operation;
  • the exhaust holes 4 are used to achieve constant air pressure in each channel during the sample addition process;
  • the substrate 1 is arranged at circumferential intervals around the center of the chip body according to the set radius.
  • the liquid equalization detection unit includes a gas storage chamber 6.1, a connecting channel 6.2, a quantitative cell 6.3, a capillary channel 6.4, a step valve 6.5 and a reaction cell 6.6;
  • the quantitative cell 6.3 and the reaction cell 6.6 are radially oriented toward They are spaced away from the center of the chip body and connected through the capillary channel 6.4;
  • the step valve 6.5 is located at the junction of the capillary channel 6.4 and the quantitative cell 6.3 to improve the reliability of the microfluidic analysis chip, reduce the length of the capillary channel 6.4, and reduce the basic The diameter size of chip 1;
  • the gas storage tank 6.1 is located on the side wall of the quantitative tank 6.3 close to the center of the chip body;
  • the connecting channels 6.2 are two extending toward the center of the chip body, located on both sides of the gas storage tank 6.1.
  • the step valve is changed to a transition hole 6.8.
  • it facilitates gas-liquid exchange, reduces the injection pressure in the reaction tank 6.6, and reduces the rotation speed; on the other hand,
  • the bubbles generated at the bottom of the transition hole 6.8 are evenly distributed.
  • the bubble volume gradually increases to isolate the capillary channel 6.4, ensuring the reliability of the sample detection results.
  • one end of the set first liquid equal distribution detection unit is connected to the sampling hole 3 through the sampling channel 7, and a connecting channel 6.2 at the other end is connected to a connection of the adjacent liquid equal distribution detection unit.
  • Channel 6.2 is connected;
  • a connecting channel 6.2 of the last liquid equal distribution detection unit is connected to the exhaust hole 4 through the exhaust channel 5, and the other connecting channel 6.2 is connected to a connecting channel 6.2 of the adjacent liquid equal distribution detection unit;
  • the rest The liquid equal distribution detection units are respectively connected with the connecting channels 6.2 of the adjacent liquid equal distribution detection units through the connecting channels 6.2.
  • the exhaust channel 5 is an arc channel, or it can be a straight channel or a channel with a constriction structure.
  • the constriction structure prevents part of the liquid in the exhaust channel from being discharged from the exhaust gas during centrifugation. Hole 4 is discharged outward, causing environmental pollution.
  • the volume of the quantitative tank 6.3 is 0.8 to 1.2 times the volume of the reaction tank 6.6, which is used to achieve quantitative and preliminary equalization of the liquid; it is concluded from multiple experiments that when the quantitative tank 6.3 When the ratio of the longitudinal length to the transverse length is ⁇ 1.2:1, the liquid is more likely to fill the quantitative cell.
  • a start mark bit 8 is provided on the chip body corresponding to the set position of the first liquid equalization detection unit, and its shape can be a gap of any shape or a mark of any shape.
  • the pattern is sufficient as long as it can be used to indicate the position of each well on the microfluidic analysis chip.
  • the radial angle ⁇ between the axis of the capillary channel 6.4 and the substrate 1 is ⁇ 70°, which can reduce the size of the microfluidic analysis chip. , reduce costs; of course, the capillary channel can also be arc-shaped or other linear shapes.
  • the first and second liquid equalization detection systems The capillary channels 6.4 of the medium liquid equalization detection unit are all through-groove structures penetrating the substrate 1. Since the reaction cell 6.6, the capillary channel 6.4 and the capillary channel 6.4 are all set through the substrate 1, and the injection hole 3 and the exhaust hole 4 are also set up through the substrate 1, they are more suitable for optical detection. The photometric requirements are reduced, which also reduces the cost of the substrate material and processing and manufacturing costs, and avoids the problem of bubbles generated at the connection between the reaction cell 6.6 and the capillary channel 6.4.
  • the connecting channel 6.2 is connected, and a connecting channel 6.2 of the last liquid equalizing detection unit of the third liquid equalizing detection system is connected to the exhaust hole 4 through the exhaust channel 5; the diversion channel 10 is also connected to the waste liquid pool 11; so The waste liquid pool 11 is used to collect excess liquid in the diversion channel 10 to avoid liquid dispensing errors in the reaction pool 6.6 of the first liquid equalization detection unit in the third liquid equalization detection system.
  • the reaction cell 6.6 is a through hole structure that penetrates the substrate 1
  • the capillary channel 6.4 is a through groove structure that penetrates the substrate 1
  • the connecting channel 6.2 is opened on the front side of the substrate 1
  • the sampling channel 7, the diversion channel 10, and the waste liquid pool 11 are opened on the back side of the substrate 1.

Abstract

一种离心式微流控分析芯片，包括由圆盘结构的基片和键合在基片上、下表面的盖片构成的芯片本体；位于芯片本体的圆心区域内开设有用于与旋转轴连接的旋转定位孔；基片上开设有进样孔、排气孔和排气通道；进样孔可以为圆柱形或锥形孔等其他实现样品的进样操作的孔；排气孔用来实现加样过程中通道内的气压恒定；基片上围绕芯片本体圆心按照设定半径沿周向间隔设置有多个液体均分检测单元，多个液体均分检测单元依次连通构成液体均分检测系统。本发明旨在解决现有芯片本体结构复杂、离心操作需要多段转速、配液不准确、一定芯片本体尺寸下检测通量低和配套仪器成本高等问题。

Description

一种离心式微流控分析芯片
本申请要求于2022年6月9日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210648017.2、发明名称为“一种离心式微流控分析芯片”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及微全分析系统，尤其是涉及一种离心式微流控分析芯片。
背景技术
随着微全分析系统(Micro Total Analysis Systems,μ-TAS)的发展，离心式微流控芯片以其高通量、高集成化、高自动化、便于携带和加工成本低等优点，被广泛应用于生物、化学、医学、环境和食品等检测领域，用来提供待测样品与试剂反应和检测的承载体。
目前，采用离心式微流控分析芯片进行液体均分的方案主要有两种：一种是直接进行离心均分法，另一种是先初步均分再进行离心均分法。
直接进行离心均分法，是先将待测液体加入到波浪形通道内，再进行离心操作，使液体通过毛细被动阀均分到反应池内进行反应。如中国专利授权公告号CN103831140B公开了“一种多指标检测的微流控芯片”,该微流控芯片由波浪形主通道、缓冲孔和反应孔组成；工作时在波浪形主通道内加入液体，通过离心驱动迫使液体进入到反应孔内，采用缓冲液池对反应池进行液体补充。该微流控芯片虽实现了反应池内液体的均分操作，但由于反应池和缓冲池是连通着的一个整体结构，实际参与反应的液体体积是缓冲池和反应池液体体积之和，因此该结构的检测结果依然存在误差。且在离心旋转时，反应池内气体被置换到波浪形主通道内的过程中，会将波浪形主通道波峰内的一部分液体推到相邻的通道内，也造成分液池内配液不准确，无法保证缓冲池与反应池内均分液体的均一性。
先初步均分再进行离心均分法，是先将待测液体加入到加样池内，再以特定的转速进行离心操作，使待测液体依次均分到分样缓冲池中，最后提高转速将分样缓冲池内的液体均分到反应池内进行反应。如中国专利授权公告号CN207586245U公开了一种“离心式微流控芯片”,该离心式微流 控芯片由加样池、虹吸通道、分样缓冲池和反应池组成；工作时采用两级转速先将加样池内的液体通过虹吸通道均分到分样缓冲池内，再通过提高转速将分样缓冲池内液体输送到反应池内反应；该方案虽能在一定程度上避免液体均分时气液交换现象对配液的影响，但需要在芯片上预留专用的加样池，使得有限空间内的反应池数量减少，检测通量降低；同时采用多段转速进行均分，对电机的性能要求较高，配套仪器的制造成本也会增加。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种直接进行离心均分的离心式微流控分析芯片，实现对待测样本的精确均分以及适用于不同场景下的检测。
为实现上述目的，本发明可采取下述技术方案：
本发明所述离心式微流控分析芯片，包括由圆盘结构的基片和键合在所述基片上、下表面的盖片构成的芯片本体；位于所述芯片本体的圆心区域内开设有用于与旋转轴连接的旋转定位孔；所述基片上开设有进样孔、排气孔和排气通道；进样孔可以为圆柱形或锥形孔等其他实现样品的进样操作的孔；排气孔用来实现加样过程中通道内的气压恒定；基片上围绕芯片本体圆心按照设定半径沿周向间隔设置有多个液体均分检测单元，多个所述液体均分检测单元依次连通构成第一液体均分检测系统；
所述液体均分检测单元，包括储气室、连接通道、定量池、毛细通道和反应池；所述定量池和所述反应池沿径向朝着远离芯片本体圆心方向间隔设置并通过所述毛细通道相连通；所述储气池为开设在定量池靠近芯片本体圆心一侧的侧壁上；所述连接通道为两条，分别位于储气池两侧并与定量池连通；
设定的第一液体均分检测单元的一条连接通道经进样通道与所述进样孔连通，另一条连接通道与相邻液体均分检测单元的一条连接通道连通；最后一个液体均分检测单元的一条连接通道经所述排气通道与所述排气孔相连通，另一条连接通道与相邻液体均分检测单元的一条连接通道连通；其余的液体均分检测单元，分别通过连接通道与相邻液体均分检测单元的连接通道连通。
本发明旨在解决现有芯片本体结构复杂、离心操作需要多段转速、配液不准确、一定芯片本体尺寸下检测通量低和配套仪器成本高等问题。
可选择地，所述定量池的容积是所述反应池容积的0.8～1.2倍，用来实现液体的均分；由多次试验得出当定量池的纵向长度与横向长度之比≤1.2:1时，液体更易充满定量池。
可选择地，所述毛细通道的任意位置处设置有台阶阀或过渡孔；所述芯片本体上对应于设定的所述第一液体均分检测单元位置处设置有起始标记位。
所述台阶阀或过渡孔用来提高微流控分析芯片的可靠性，减少毛细通道的长度，降低基片的直径尺寸，也起到避免液体的倒流；起始标记位用来实现微流控分析芯片上各孔位置的标记，其形状可以是任意形状的缺口，也可以是任意形状的标记图案。
可选择地，所述毛细通道的轴线与所述基片的径向夹角≤70゜，这样可以减小微流控分析芯片的尺寸，降低成本；当然，毛细通道也可以是弧线形或其他线形。
可选择地，所述第一液体均分检测系统设置在所述基片的上表面，基片的下表面设置有第二液体均分检测系统，第一液体均分检测系统和所述第二液体均分检测系统的液体均分检测单元沿周向交错设置；第一液体均分检测系统和第二液体均分检测系统并联设置；即：第一液体均分检测系统、第二液体均分检测系统的第一液体均分检测单元的一端连接通道同时与所述进样通道和进样孔连通，第一液体均分检测系统、第二液体均分检测系统的最后一个液体均分检测单元的一端连接通道同时通过上、下表面的排气通道与所述排气孔连通，实现在不改变基片直径的基础上，增加检测通量。
可选择地，所述第一液体均分检测系统设置在所述基片的上表面，基片的上表面还设置有第三液体均分检测系统；所述第一液体均分检测系统的所述设定半径小于所述第三液体均分检测系统的设定半径；第一液体均分检测系统和第三液体均分检测系统串联设置。即：第一液体均分检测系统的第一液体均分检测单元的一端通过进样通道与所述进样孔连通，其最后一个液体均分检测单元的一条连接通道经导流通道与第三液体均分检测系统的第一液体均分检测单元的一条连接通道连通，第三液体均分检测系统的最后一个液体均分检测单元的一条连接通道经所述排气通道与所述排 气孔连通；所述导流通道同时与废液池连通；所述废液池用于收集导流通道内多余的液体，避免造成第三液体均分检测系统中第一个液体均分检测单元反应池的配液误差。
可选择地，所述液体均分检测单元中的两条连接通道，分别朝着所述圆形基片圆心方向或远离圆形基片圆心方向设置；两条连接通道上分别设置有一弯曲段。
本发明在定量池内设置储气室，避免了反应池内置换出的气体进入到连接通道内，导致使连接通道内液体迁移到相邻反应池，造成配液不精确。同时，连接通道截面尺寸远小于定量池的截面尺寸，增加了旋转过程中液体流向连接通道的流体阻力，提高了配液的精确度；各液体均分检测单元之间可以任意组合，结构设计多样性，增加了使用范围。本发明不使用虹吸通道和波浪形通道，结构简单，加工难度低，且降低了配套仪器成本。
附图说明
图1是本发明一实施例中的基片俯视结构示意图。
图1.1是图1的仰视结构示意图。
图1.2是本发明所述液体均分检测单元的结构示意图。
图1.3是本发明所述液体均分检测单元的另一结构示意图。
图1.4是将图1.2中的台阶阀改为过渡孔的结构示意图。
图2.1是本发明所述毛细通道轴线与基片径向夹角α≤70゜的基片俯视结构示意图。
图2.2是图2.1的仰视结构示意图。
图3.1是本发明所述第一液体均分检测系统和第二液体均分检测系统相并联的基片俯视结构示意图。
图3.2是图3.1的仰视结构示意图。
图4.1是本发明所述第一液体均分检测系统和第三液体均分检测系统相串联的基片俯视结构示意图。
图4.2是图4.1的仰视结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进 行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明，本发明实施例中所有方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“连接”、“固定”等应做广义理解，例如，“固定”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
另外，在本发明中如涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。
另外，全文中出现的“和/或”的含义为，包括三个并列的方案，以“A和/或B为例”，包括A方案，或B方案，或A和B同时满足的方案。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
如图1、1.1所示，本发明所述离心式微流控分析芯片，包括由圆盘结构的基片1和键合在基片1上、下表面的盖片构成的芯片本体；对称于芯片本体的圆心贯穿基片1开设有用于与转轴连接的三个旋转定位孔2；基片1上开设有进样孔3、排气孔4和排气通道5；进样孔3为一圆柱形或锥形孔等其他实现样品的进样操作的孔；排气孔4用来实现加样过程中各通道内的气压恒定；基片1上围绕芯片本体圆心按照设定半径沿周向间隔设置有若干个液体均分检测单元，若干个液体均分检测单元依次连通构成第 一液体均分检测系统。
如图1.2所示，液体均分检测单元，包括储气室6.1、连接通道6.2、定量池6.3、毛细通道6.4、台阶阀6.5和反应池6.6；定量池6.3和反应池6.6沿径向朝着远离芯片本体圆心方向间隔设置并通过毛细通道6.4相连通；台阶阀6.5位于毛细通道6.4与定量池6.3衔接处，用来提高微流控分析芯片的可靠性，减少毛细通道6.4的长度，降低基片1直径尺寸；储气池6.1为开设在定量池6.3靠近芯片本体圆心一侧的侧壁上；连接通道6.2为两条朝着芯片本体圆心方向延伸设置，分别位于储气池6.1两侧并与定量池6.3连通；芯片本体在离心过程中，在离心力的作用下连接通道6.2内液体会分别流向连接通道6.2各自连接的定量池6.3，避免了定量池6.3内液体向连接通道内迁移，使得配液不准。
有益地或示例性地，作为一实施例，如图1.3所示，两条连接通道6.2分别朝着远离芯片本体圆心方向延伸设置，两条连接通道上分别设置有一弯曲段6.7，这样，芯片本体在离心过程中部分液体会残留在连接通道6.2内，将相邻两个液体均分检测单元隔离开来，避免反应时挥发性气体进入到相邻两个液体均分检测单元而造成检测结果不准确。
有益地或示例性地，作为一实施例，如图1.4所示，将台阶阀改为过渡孔6.8，一方面，便于进行气液交换，减轻反应池6.6内进样压力，降低转速；另一方面由于存在高度差，均分时过渡孔6.8孔底产生的气泡，在反应过程中，气泡体积逐渐增加使毛细通道6.4隔离开，保障样品检测结果的可靠。
如图1、1.1所示，设定的第一液体均分检测单元的一端经进样通道7与进样孔3连通，另一端的一条连接通道6.2与相邻液体均分检测单元的一条连接通道6.2连通；最后一个液体均分检测单元的一条连接通道6.2经排气通道5与排气孔4相连通，另一条连接通道6.2与相邻液体均分检测单元的一条连接通道6.2连通；其余的液体均分检测单元，分别通过连接通道6.2与相邻液体均分检测单元的连接通道6.2连通。
有益地或示例性地，作为一实施例，排气通道5为弧形通道，也可以是直通道或带收缩结构的通道，收缩结构起到阻止离心过程中排气通道内部分液体从排气孔4向外排出，造成环境污染。
本发明旨在解决现有芯片本体结构复杂、离心操作需要多段转速、配液不准确、芯片本体尺寸不变情况下检测通量低及配套仪器成本高等问题。
有益地或示例性地，作为一实施例，定量池6.3的容积是反应池6.6容积的0.8～1.2倍，用来实现液体的定量和初步均分；由多次试验得出，当定量池6.3的纵向长度与横向长度之比≤1.2:1时，液体更易充满定量池。
可选择地，作为一实施例，芯片本体上对应于设定的第一液体均分检测单元位置处设置有起始标记位8，其形状可以是任意形状的缺口，也可以是任意形状的标记图案，只要能够用来指示微流控分析芯片上各孔的位置即可。
有益地或示例性地，作为一实施例，如图2.1、2.2所示，毛细通道6.4的轴线与基片1的径向夹角α≤70゜，这样可以减小微流控分析芯片的尺寸，降低成本；当然，毛细通道也可以是弧线形或其他线形。
有益地或示例性地，作为一实施例，如图3.1、3.2所示，第一液体均分检测系统设置在基片1的上表面，基片1的下表面设置第二液体均分检测系统，第一、第二液体均分检测系统中的液体均分检测单元沿周向交错设置。第一、第二液体均分检测系统中液体均分检测单元的定量池6.3均为开设在基片1表面的凹腔结构，第一、第二液体均分检测系统中液体均分检测单元的连接通道6.2均为凹槽结构，第一、第二液体均分检测系统中液体均分检测单元的反应池6.6均为贯穿基片1的通孔结构，第一、第二液体均分检测系统中液体均分检测单元的毛细通道6.4均为贯穿基片1的通槽结构。由于反应池6.6、毛细通道6.4和均为贯穿基片1设置，进样孔3和排气孔4也为贯穿基片1设置，因此更适合光学检测的场合，检测时对基片1的透光度要求得以降低，这也就降低了基片材料的成本和加工制造成本，且避免了反应池6.6与毛细通道6.4衔接处产生气泡的问题。
第一、第二液体均分检测系统并联设置，即：第一、第二液体均分检测系统中的第一液体均分检测单元的一端同时通过进样通道7与进样孔3连通，第一、第二液体均分检测系统中的最后一个液体均分检测单元的一条连接通道6.2，分别通过排气通道5和环形排气通道9同时与排气孔4连通，实现在不改变基片1直径的基础上，增加检测通量目的。
有益地或示例性地，作为一实施例，如图4.1、4.2所示，第一液体均 分检测系统设置在基片1的上表面，基片1的上表面还设置有第三液体均分检测系统；第一液体均分检测系统的设定半径小于第三液体均分检测系统的设定半径；第一、第三液体均分检测系统通过基片1下表面的导流通道10串联设置，即：第一液体均分检测系统的第一液体均分检测单元的一端经进样通道7与进样孔3连通，其最后一个液体均分检测单元的一条连接通道6.2通过基片1下表面的导流通道10与第三液体均分检测系统的第一液体均分检测单元的一条连接通道6.2连通，第三液体均分检测系统的最后一个液体均分检测单元的一条连接通道6.2经排气通道5与排气孔4连通；导流通道10同时与废液池11连通；所述废液池11用于收集导流通道10内多余的液体，避免造成第三液体均分检测系统中第一个液体均分检测单元反应池6.6的配液误差。
本实施例中，反应池6.6为贯穿基片1的通孔结构，毛细通道6.4均为贯穿基片1的通槽结构；进样孔3、排气孔4、排气通道5、定量池6.3、连接通道6.2开设在基片1正面；进样通道7、导流通道10、废液池11开设在基片1反面。
参照图1、1.1、1.2，本发明的使用方法简述如下：
使用5ml的移液枪，取一定量样品从进样孔3经过进样通道7加入定量池6.3内，液体在流入定量池6.3的过程中会在张力作用下沿定量池6.3的纵向和横向侧壁进行流动；当液体沿横向侧壁流动到下一个连接通道6.7的进口时，由于定量池6.3横向侧面与连接通道6.2衔接处壁面结构的突变，使液体的流动受到阻力，液体会继续沿定量池6.3纵向侧壁面流动一定距离后接触到定量池6.3后侧壁面时，在张力作用下，液体会迅速流过后侧壁面，并充满定量池6.3。
将加过样品的微流控分析芯片置于离心检测平台，以转速800r/min逆时针转动3s；由于定量池6.3的截面积远比连接通道6.2的截面积大，使得液体在连接通道6.2内的流动阻力增大，保障了各相邻定量池内液体的体积的稳定。
定量池6.3内的液体在离心力的驱动下，依次突破台阶阀6.5、毛细通道6.4，进入到包被有反应药物的反应池6.6中进行反应；当液体进入到反应池6.6后，反应池6.6内的气体瞬间被压缩，当反应池6.6内的气体压力 大于液体离心压力时，反应池6.6内的气体被挤压朝着离心方向的逆向运动，进而置换到定量池6.3内，并被收集在储气室6.1内，从而避免了气体进入连接通道6.2内，引起连接通道内的液体向相邻定量池流动现象，实现液体的定量均分操作。
反应结束后，通过相关检测设备依次对反应池内的反应结果进行检测，并输出检测结果。
本发明的名词解释：
台阶阀,是一种没有活动部件在微通道内通过台阶结构使流体流向处的尺寸突变，实现接触角在几何奇异点处的迟滞而截至毛细流动的一种阀结构。
毛细通道,是一段直径相对长度很小的管道，当液体通过一段毛细通道时，会沿毛细通道方向产生压力降，进而阻碍液体的流动。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种离心式微流控分析芯片，包括由圆盘结构的基片和键合在所述基片上、下表面的盖片构成的芯片本体；位于所述芯片本体的圆心区域内开设有用于与旋转轴连接的旋转定位孔；其特征是：
    所述基片上开设有进样孔、排气孔和排气通道；基片上围绕芯片本体圆心按照设定半径沿周向间隔设置有多个液体均分检测单元，多个所述液体均分检测单元依次连通构成第一液体均分检测系统；
    所述液体均分检测单元，包括储气室、连接通道、定量池、毛细通道和反应池；所述定量池和所述反应池沿径向朝着远离芯片本体圆心方向间隔设置并通过所述毛细通道相连通；所述储气池为开设在定量池靠近芯片本体圆心一侧的侧壁上；所述连接通道为两条，分别位于储气池两侧并与定量池连通；
    设定的第一液体均分检测单元的一端通过进样通道与所述进样孔连通，另一端通过连接通道与相邻液体均分检测单元的一条连接通道连通；最后一个液体均分检测单元的一条连接通道经所述排气通道与所述排气孔相连通，另一条连接通道与相邻液体均分检测单元的一条连接通道连通；其余的液体均分检测单元，分别通过连接通道与相邻液体均分检测单元的连接通道连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的离心式微流控分析芯片，其特征是：所述定量池的纵向长度与横向长度之比≤1.2:1。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的离心式微流控分析芯片，其特征是：所述毛细通道的任意位置处设置有台阶阀或过渡孔；所述芯片本体上对应于设定的所述第一液体均分检测单元位置处设置有起始标记位。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的离心式微流控分析芯片，其特征是：所述定量池的容积是所述反应池总容积的0.8～1.2倍。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的离心式微流控分析芯片，其特征是：所述毛细通道的轴线与所述基片的径向夹角≤70゜。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的离心式微流控分析芯片，其特征是：所述第一液体均分检测系统设置在所述基片的上表面，基片的下表面设置有第二液体均分检测系统，第一液体均分检测系统和所述第二液体均分检测 系统的液体均分检测单元沿周向交错设置；第一液体均分检测系统和第二液体均分检测系统并联设置。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的离心式微流控分析芯片，其特征是：所述第一液体均分检测系统设置在所述基片的上表面，基片的上表面还设置有第三液体均分检测系统；所述第一液体均分检测系统的所述设定半径小于所述第三液体均分检测系统的设定半径；第一液体均分检测系统和第三液体均分检测系统通过下表面的导流通道串联设置。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的离心式微流控分析芯片，其特征是：所述液体均分检测单元中的两条连接通道，分别朝着所述芯片本体圆心方向或远离芯片本体圆心方向设置；两条连接通道上分别设置有一弯曲段。
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