WO2023236582A1 - 显示装置和交通工具 - Google Patents

显示装置和交通工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023236582A1
WO2023236582A1 PCT/CN2023/076659 CN2023076659W WO2023236582A1 WO 2023236582 A1 WO2023236582 A1 WO 2023236582A1 CN 2023076659 W CN2023076659 W CN 2023076659W WO 2023236582 A1 WO2023236582 A1 WO 2023236582A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
image light
image
display device
protective cover
conversion element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/076659
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵晴
毛淳
赵晗
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2023236582A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023236582A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/28—Reflectors in projection beam
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of image display technology, and in particular to a display device and a vehicle.
  • Head-up display (or head-up display system) has been widely used in automobiles.
  • Head-up display is a display device that projects instrument information (such as speed), navigation information, etc. to the front of the driver's field of vision. The driver can see the information in front of the field of vision without having to lower his head to observe the instrument panel or central control display under the steering wheel. , which can improve the braking reaction time in emergency situations and improve driving safety.
  • instrument information such as speed
  • navigation information etc.
  • This application provides a display device and a vehicle.
  • the display device is small in size and can be adapted to more vehicle models.
  • this application provides a display device, including a housing, a protective cover, a first image source and a reflector.
  • the housing has an opening, the protective cover is installed on the housing and closes the opening, and the protective cover and the housing form a space; the first image source and the reflector are both accommodated in the space, and the first image source is used to emit the first image toward the protective cover.
  • the protective cover is used to reflect the first image light emitted from the first image source to the reflector
  • the reflector is used to reflect the first image light to the protective cover
  • the protective cover is also used to reflect the first image light reflected by the reflector. Transmit, so that the first image light is transmitted to the outside of the space.
  • the protective cover of the display device of the present application has polarization reflection performance.
  • the first image light is polarized and reflected through the protective cover.
  • the protective cover can be used to fold the light path, making the layout of each component of the display device compact, thereby effectively reducing the weight of the display device. volume. Therefore, the display device can avoid interference with other components, thereby expanding the vehicle models that the display device can adapt to.
  • the display device when the display device is installed in a vehicle, the light of a specific polarization state in the sunlight that shines through the windshield and onto the protective cover will be reflected by the protective cover and will not enter the display device and be transmitted, thus not affecting the imaging. Therefore, a protective cover with polarized reflective properties can also reduce sunlight backflow and ensure imaging quality.
  • the protective cover includes a cover body and a polarizing reflective element.
  • the cover is used to allow the first image light to pass through.
  • the polarizing reflective element is used to reflect the first image light emitted from the first image source to the reflecting mirror.
  • the reflective mirror is used to reflect the received first image light to the polarized reflective element and change the polarization state of the first image light.
  • the polarized reflective element is also used to transmit the first image light reflected by the reflective mirror, so that the first image light can be transmitted through the first image light. The image light is transmitted outside the space.
  • the protective cover uses polarized reflective elements to reflect light of a certain polarization state and transmit light of another polarization state, that is, to achieve the polarization reflection function.
  • the image light reflected by the polarized reflective element has a different polarization state from the image light transmitted.
  • the reflective mirror includes a first reflective mirror and a second reflective mirror. The first reflective mirror is used to reflect the received first image light to the second reflective mirror, and the second reflective mirror is used to reflect the first image light reflected by the first reflective mirror to the polarized reflective element, wherein the first reflective mirror Or the second reflecting mirror is also used to change the polarization state of the first image light.
  • using the first reflector and the second reflector can increase the optical path of the first image light and improve the imaging quality.
  • one of A reflector can convert the polarization state of light, so that the reflector can cooperate with a protective cover provided with polarized reflective elements to form a required optical path.
  • the first reflector or the second reflector includes a reflector body and a first polarization conversion element, and the first polarization conversion element is disposed on the reflection side of the reflector body.
  • the first polarization conversion element is used to transmit the first image light and change the polarization state of the first image light; the mirror body is used to reflect the first image light from the first polarization conversion element.
  • the second reflecting mirror includes a curved reflecting mirror.
  • Curved mirrors can magnify images and improve imaging quality.
  • the curved reflector can also function to compensate for the curvature of the windshield, thereby ensuring image quality.
  • the protective cover includes a cover body, a polarization reflective element and a second polarization conversion element.
  • the cover body is used to transmit the first image light;
  • the second polarization conversion element is used to transmit the first image light.
  • the first image light emitted from the image source changes the polarization state of the first image light and causes the first image light to be directed to the polarized reflective element;
  • the polarized reflective element is used to reflect the first image light from the second polarization conversion element to The second polarization conversion element;
  • the second polarization conversion element is also used to transmit the first image light reflected by the polarization reflective element, change the polarization state of the first image light, and cause the first image light to emit to the reflector;
  • the conversion element is also used to transmit the first image light reflected by the mirror, change the polarization state of the first image light, and cause the first image light to emit to the polarization reflection element;
  • the polarization reflection element is also used to convert the second
  • the relative positions of the cover, the polarization reflection element and the second polarization conversion element can be determined based on the above. For example, in the direction from the outside to the inside of the display device.
  • the cover body, the polarization reflective element and the second polarization conversion element may be arranged in sequence, or the polarization reflective element, the second polarization conversion element and the cover body may be arranged in sequence.
  • the protective cover realizes the polarization reflection function through a polarization reflection element.
  • the image light reflected by the polarization reflection element has a different polarization state than the transmitted image light.
  • the protective cover realizes the function of converting the polarization state of the light through the second polarization conversion element, so that the protective cover can cooperate with other components on the optical path to form the required optical path.
  • the first image source includes an image generation unit and a third polarization conversion element, and the third polarization conversion element is provided on the light exit side of the image generation unit.
  • the image generating unit is used to emit the first image light to the third polarization conversion element.
  • the third polarization conversion element is used to transmit the first image light emitted from the image generation unit and change the polarization state of the first image light, and make the first image light emitted.
  • the image light is directed towards the shield.
  • the first image source with the above structure can emit the image light required for the design, which facilitates the formation of the required optical path.
  • the second polarization conversion element is attached to the polarization reflective element.
  • the attachment means that the second polarization conversion element and the polarization reflection element are closely attached.
  • This solution has simple design, good mass production, low cost, and good optical performance.
  • the second polarization conversion element includes a quarter wave plate. The 1/4-wave plate is relatively low-cost, has excellent optical performance, and is easy to mass-produce.
  • the polarizing reflective element is attached to the cover. Attaching means that the polarizing reflective element is closely attached to the cover body. This solution can produce a protective cover with polarized reflection performance using a simple design, with good mass production and low cost.
  • the polarizing reflective element includes a dual brightness enhancement film.
  • the dual brightness enhancement film has good polarization reflection performance and its thickness is thin, which can effectively reduce the space occupied.
  • the first image source is located between the reflector and the protective cover.
  • the first image source is located between the reflector and the protective cover, which does not occupy additional installation space and can effectively reduce the size of the display device.
  • the display device includes a second image source, the second image source is located in the space, and the second image source
  • the source is used to emit the second image light to the reflector, and the reflector is also used to reflect the second image light emitted from the second image source to the protective cover; the protective cover is also used to transmit the second image light reflected by the reflector, So that the second image light is transmitted to the outside of the space.
  • the first image source can be a far-focus image source
  • the second image source can be a near-focus image source.
  • the second image source is located between the first image source and the protective cover.
  • the second image source is located between the reflector and the protective cover, does not occupy additional installation space, and can effectively reduce the size of the display device.
  • the present application provides a vehicle, including a windshield and a display device.
  • the windshield is used to reflect image light emitted from the display device to human eyes.
  • the display device since the vehicle uses a small display device, the display device will not occupy the space of other components, making the structural space layout of the vehicle more reasonable.
  • the vehicle includes a light shielding plate, the light shielding plate is disposed between the display device and the windshield, and the light shielding plate is used to block sunlight transmitted by the windshield.
  • the shading plate can effectively reduce the sunlight entering the display device through the windshield and reduce the impact of sunlight on imaging. It can also reduce the sunlight reflected by the protective cover and enter the human eye, thereby preventing glare and protecting people. Eye.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of the display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of a traditional display device
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of the display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the display device according to Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of the display device according to Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of the display device according to Embodiment 5 of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of the display device according to Embodiment 6 of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the terms “first”, “second”, etc. are used to distinguish different devices, components or components, and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance of the indicated devices, components or components. and quantity. Unless otherwise stated, “plurality” means two or more.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, including but not limited to vehicles, ships, aircraft, etc.
  • the vehicle may include a display device and a windshield.
  • the display device is used to emit image light carrying image information.
  • the image information includes but is not limited to vehicle status information, indication information of external objects, navigation information, etc.
  • the status information includes but is not limited to information such as driving speed, driving mileage, fuel level, water temperature and lamp status.
  • the indication information of external objects includes but is not limited to safe distance, surrounding obstacles, reversing images, etc.
  • Navigation information includes but is not limited to directional arrows, distance and driving time, etc.
  • the windshield may be a protective component made of transparent material (such as glass) in front of the driver's seat.
  • the windshield has reflective properties and can reflect the image light emitted by the display device to the human eye, so that the human eye can see the virtual image presented in front of the field of view.
  • the driver can see information in front of the field of vision without having to lower his head to observe the instrument panel or central control display, etc., thereby improving braking reaction time in emergency situations and improving driving safety.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the display device may be, for example, a head-up display (HUD), and the HUD may be installed on a car.
  • HUD can project the car's navigation information and instrument information through the windshield into the driver's field of vision.
  • the plane where the virtual image of the navigation information is located can be called the far focus plane
  • the plane where the virtual image of the instrument information is located can be called the near focus plane. That is to say, the HUD shown in Figure 1 can realize bifocal display (the principle of bifocal display will be explained below), and can display different information on different focal planes, improving the driving experience.
  • the information displayed by the virtual images on the far focal plane and the near focal plane can be configured as needed, and is not limited to the above.
  • the information displayed on the far focal plane and the near focal plane can be interchanged.
  • the HUD can also perform single-focal surface display or multi-focal surface display.
  • single-focal plane display means that information is only imaged on a single focal plane, so that the human eye can only observe a virtual image.
  • Multi-focal plane display means that information can be imaged on three or more focal planes, allowing the human eye to observe three or more virtual images.
  • Figure 2 shows the application scenario of the display device 4 of Embodiment 1 in a car, which shows the windshield 1, instrument panel (IP) 2, sunshade 3, display device 4, pedal bracket 5, and instrument panel of the car.
  • the light shielding plate 3 can be located between the windshield 1 and the display device 4.
  • the light shielding plate 3 is used to block the sunlight passing through the windshield 1 to prevent the sunlight from being reflected by the display device 4 and then entering the human eyes, or to prevent the sunlight from entering the display device 4 and affecting the display device 4. Imaging may cause the temperature of the display device 4 to rise.
  • the display device 4 may be located near the instrument panel 2 , the pedal bracket 5 , the instrument panel cross member 6 and the steering column 7 .
  • the display device 4 may include a housing 42 , a protective cover 41 , a first image source 44 and a reflector 43 .
  • the housing 42 serves as the housing of the display device 4 and has an opening.
  • the structure of the housing 42 can be designed as needed, and is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the protective cover 41 is installed on the housing 42 and covers the opening to form a space 4 a with the housing 42 .
  • the structure of the protective cover 41 can be designed as needed, and is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the protective cover 41 is used to protect components in the space 4a, for example, to prevent foreign matter such as dust from entering the space 4a.
  • the protective cover 41 also has polarization reflection properties, that is, the protective cover 41 can reflect light of a certain polarization state and transmit light of another polarization state.
  • the protective cover 41 can reflect light of at least one polarization state, and can also transmit light of at least one polarization state.
  • the protective cover 41 may reflect P-polarized light and transmit S-polarized light.
  • This embodiment does not limit the polarization state of the light that the protective cover 41 can reflect and the polarization state of the light that can transmit it.
  • the protective cover 41 can be manufactured in an appropriate manner according to product requirements.
  • the protective cover 41 can be designed in terms of materials, structure, etc., which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.
  • the first image source 44 is located in the space 4a.
  • the first image source 44 is used to emit a first image light (referred to as first image light).
  • the first image light carries first image information.
  • the first image information may be, for example, navigation information and other information that needs to be viewed in real time.
  • the first image Information can be imaged on a far-focus plane, so the first image source 44 can be called a far-focus image source. It can be understood that the first image information can also be information such as instrument information that does not need to be viewed in real time.
  • the first image information can be imaged on the near-focus plane, so the first image source 44 can also be called a near-focus image source.
  • the first image source 44 may include, but is not limited to, a digital micro-mirror device (DMD), a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) display, or an organic light-emitting diode (organic light-emitting diode). diode, OLED) display, liquid crystal display (LCD), digital light processing (digital light procession, DLP) display, micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) display, etc.
  • the first image source 44 may also include components matching the components.
  • the first image source 44 may also include a diffusion screen, the light of the DMD or LcoS is projected onto the diffusion screen, and the diffusion screen emits the first image light.
  • the reflecting mirror 43 is provided in the space 4a.
  • the reflecting mirror 43 is used to reflect the first image light to the protective cover 41 .
  • the type and quantity of the reflector 43 can be designed as needed.
  • the reflector 43 can be a curved mirror, for example, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the reflecting mirror 43 may only reflect the light, or may also change the polarization state of the light during reflection.
  • the first image source 44 can emit the first image light to the protective cover 41 (the light path is represented by the solid arrow line), and the polarization state of the first image light can be determined as needed.
  • the first image light When the first image light is projected onto the protective cover 41 , it will be reflected by the protective cover 41 but will not pass through the protective cover 41 .
  • the first image light reflected by the protective cover 41 will hit the reflecting mirror 43 , and the reflecting mirror 43 will reflect the first image light to the protective cover 41 again.
  • the first image light will pass through the protective cover 41 and be emitted from the space 4a.
  • the first image light emitted from the space 4a encounters the windshield 1 and is reflected by the windshield 1 to the human eye, so that the human eye can see a virtual image.
  • the protective cover 41 participates in the processing of the first image light, and the protective cover 41 plays a role in folding the light path, so that the distance between various components in the space 4a can be smaller and the layout can be more compact, thereby making the entire
  • the display device 4 can be smaller in size.
  • the distance between the display device 4 and the pedal bracket 5, the dashboard beam 6 and the steering column 7 is relatively large.
  • the display device 4 effectively avoids the distance between the pedal bracket 5, the dashboard beam 6 and the steering column 7.
  • the position solves the problem of structural interference of various vehicle models, enables the display device 4 to be widely adapted to different vehicle models, and can achieve a large field of view (FOV) at a low cost.
  • FOV field of view
  • the protective cover 41 due to the polarization reflection performance of the protective cover 41, the light of a specific polarization state in the sunlight that passes through the windshield 1 and shines on the protective cover 41 will be reflected by the protective cover 41 and will not enter the space 4a for transmission, thereby not affecting the imaging. . Therefore, the protective cover 41 with polarized reflection properties can also reduce sunlight backflow and ensure imaging quality.
  • Figure 3 illustrates an application scenario of a traditional display device 4'.
  • the protective cover 41' is an ordinary light-transmitting cover body, which does not have polarization reflection performance and does not participate in the processing of light.
  • the image light emitted by the image source 44' is emitted to the reflecting mirror 432', and will be reflected by the reflecting mirror 432' to the reflecting mirror 431'.
  • the reflector 431' reflects the image light to the protective cover 41', the image light will be emitted through the protective cover 41'.
  • the protective cover 41' does not fold the optical path, the distance between various components in the housing 42' is relatively large, and the layout of the components is relatively loose, resulting in a larger volume of the entire display device 4'. Therefore, the distance between the display device 4' and the pedal bracket 5, the dashboard beam 6 and the steering column 7 is small.
  • the display device 4' occupies a lot of space and easily causes structural interference, making the display device 4' applicable to fewer models. Moreover, the problem of sunlight backflow in the display device 4' is relatively serious, which affects the image quality.
  • the display device 40 of the second embodiment may include a protective cover 401 , a second reflecting mirror 404 , a first reflecting mirror 405 and a first image source 408 .
  • the display device 40 may also include a housing (not shown in FIG. 4 ).
  • a protective cover 401 is installed on the housing and covers the opening of the housing.
  • the protective cover 401 and the housing form a space.
  • the second reflector 404 and the third A reflecting mirror 405 and the first image source 408 are located in the space, and the protective cover 401 is used to protect components in the space.
  • the protective cover 401 also has polarization reflection properties.
  • the protective cover 401 may include a cover body 402 and a polarized reflective element 403.
  • the cover body 402 may be located on the outside, and the polarized reflective element 403 may be located on the inside (both inside and outside refer to the inside and outside of the space, the same below).
  • the polarizing reflective element 403 can be closely combined with the cover 402 , for example, the polarized reflective element 403 can be attached to the cover 402 .
  • the cover body 402 is the structural main body of the protective cover 401 and can transmit light.
  • the polarization reflective element 403 has polarization reflection performance, that is, the polarization reflection performance of the protective cover 401 is achieved through the polarization reflection element 403 .
  • the polarized reflective element 403 includes but is not limited to a dual brightness enhancement film (DBEF).
  • DBEF can, for example, transmit P-polarized light and reflect S-polarized light, or transmit S-polarized light and reflect P-polarized light.
  • the display device 40 may include two reflecting mirrors, a second reflecting mirror 404 and a first reflecting mirror 405 .
  • a reflecting mirror 405 may be located between the second reflecting mirror 404 and the first image source 408 .
  • the second reflector 404 may be, for example, a curved reflector, specifically a free-form reflector.
  • the first reflecting mirror 405 may be, for example, a plane reflecting mirror or a curved reflecting mirror.
  • the first reflecting mirror 405 may include a reflecting mirror body 406 and a first polarization conversion element 407 .
  • the reflector body 406 has light reflection performance.
  • the first polarization conversion element 407 is located on the reflective side of the mirror body 406 (that is, the side of the mirror body 406 used to reflect light, such as the upper side of the mirror body 406 in the perspective of FIG. 4).
  • the first polarization conversion element 407 can be connected to
  • the reflector body 406 is tightly coupled, for example, attached to the reflector body 406 .
  • the first polarization conversion element 407 can transmit light and convert the polarization state of the light.
  • the first polarization conversion element 407 includes, but is not limited to, a quarter wave plate.
  • the first image source 408 may be located between the first reflector 405 and the protective cover 401 .
  • the first image source 408 may emit P-polarized light, for example.
  • the first image source 408 can emit first image light to the protective cover 401 , and the first image light can be, for example, P-polarized light.
  • the first image light will be reflected by the polarized reflective element 403 to the first polarization conversion element 407, but will not pass through the polarized reflective element 403 (the polarized reflective element 403 can transmit S-polarized light and reflect P-polarized light).
  • the first image light will pass through the first polarization conversion element 407 and be converted into circularly polarized light by the first polarization conversion element 407 .
  • the circularly polarized light will be reflected by the mirror body 406 , pass through the first polarization conversion element 407 again, and be converted into S-polarized light by the first polarization conversion element 407 and emitted to the second reflection mirror 404 .
  • the second reflecting mirror 404 reflects the S-polarized light to the polarized reflective element 403 , and the S-polarized light can pass through the polarized reflective element 403 and the cover 402 and be emitted to the windshield 1 .
  • the windshield 1 reflects the S-polarized light into the human eye, thereby causing the human eye to see a virtual image.
  • the protective cover 401 participates in the processing of the first image light, and the protective cover 401 plays a role in folding the light path, so that the distance between the various components of the display device 40 can be smaller and the layout can be more compact, thereby making the entire display device 40 more compact.
  • the display device 40 may be smaller in size. Comparing Figure 4 and Figure 3, especially after placing the first image source 408 between the protective cover 401 and the second reflector 404, the housing position of the display device 40 can be moved upward, which can effectively avoid the pedal. The positions of the bracket 5, the dashboard beam 6 and the steering column 7 avoid interference problems. Therefore, the display device 40 is smaller in size and can be widely adapted to different vehicle models.
  • the protective cover 401 has a polarized reflective element 403, it can reduce sunlight backflow and ensure imaging quality.
  • the following alternative structures of the display device 40 can be obtained, and the following alternative structures also have the advantages of the display device 40 .
  • the cover 402 is only a light-transmitting medium and does not change the polarization state of the light
  • the cover 402 and the polarizing reflection element 403 can exchange positions, and the polarizing reflection function of the protective cover 401 can also be realized.
  • the first reflecting mirror 504 of the display device 50 can only reflect light without changing the polarization state of the light, while the second reflecting mirror 501 can reflect light and change the polarization state of the light.
  • the second mirror 501 may include a mirror body 502 and a first polarization conversion element 503.
  • the mirror body 502 may be a curved mirror, such as a free-form mirror.
  • the first polarization conversion element 503 is disposed on the reflection side of the mirror body 502.
  • the first polarization conversion element 503 can transmit light and convert the polarization state of the light.
  • the first polarization conversion element 503 includes but is not limited to a 1/4 wave plate. .
  • the first image light for example, P-polarized light
  • the first reflecting mirror 504 it will be reflected by the first reflecting mirror 504 to the second reflecting mirror 501.
  • the second reflective mirror 501 can reflect the first image light to the polarized reflective element 403 and change the polarization state of the first image light (for example, convert it to S-polarized light).
  • a single reflector can be used instead of the above-mentioned first reflector and second reflector, and the single reflector can The first image light is reflected to the polarization reflective element 403 and changes the polarization state of the first image light.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the application scenario of the display device 60 in Embodiment 3.
  • the display device 60 can add a second image source 601 based on the display device 50 shown in Figure 5.
  • the second image source 601 can be located between the first image source 408 and the protective cover 401, for example. between.
  • the second image source 601 is also located in the space enclosed by the protective cover 401 and the housing.
  • the second image source 601 is used to emit a second path of image light (referred to as second imaging light).
  • the second image light carries second image information.
  • the second image information can be, for example, instrument information and other information that does not need to be viewed in real time.
  • the second image Information can be imaged on the near-focus plane, so the second image source 601 can be called a near-focus image source.
  • the second image information can also be information that needs to be viewed in real time, such as navigation information.
  • the second image information can also be imaged on a far-focus plane, so the second image source 601 can also be called a far-focus image source.
  • the second image source 601 includes but is not limited to DMD, LCOS display, OLED display, LCD, DLP display, MEMS display, etc.
  • the second image source 601 may also include components matching the components.
  • the second image source 601 may also include a diffusion screen, the light of the DMD or LcoS is projected onto the diffusion screen, and the diffusion screen emits the second image light.
  • the optical path of the first image light emitted from the first image source 408 (indicated by the open arrow solid line in FIG. 6 , the first image light forms the first virtual image) is the same as described above. There will be no repetition here, and the following will focus on the optical path of the second image light emitted from the second image source 601 (indicated by a closed arrow solid line in FIG. 6 ).
  • the second image source 601 emits second image light.
  • the second image light may have the same polarization state as the first image light, for example, both are P-polarized light.
  • the second image light is directly projected to the second reflecting mirror 501 .
  • the second image light will pass through the first polarization conversion element 503 and be converted into circularly polarized light.
  • the circularly polarized light is reflected back by the mirror body 502 and passes through the first polarization conversion element 503 again, and is converted into S-polarized light.
  • the S-polarized light passes through the protective cover 401 and then strikes the windshield 1, and is reflected by the windshield 1 to the human eye, so that the human eye sees the second virtual image.
  • the second virtual image may be located on the near focus plane, and the first virtual image may be located on the far focus plane.
  • the display device 60 can realize bifocal display, which improves the driving experience.
  • the display device 60 has a small size, can be widely adapted to different vehicle models, and can achieve a large viewing angle at a low cost. Moreover, the display device 60 can reduce sunlight backflow and ensure image quality.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the application scenario of the display device 70 in Embodiment 4.
  • the display device 70 can add a second image source 701 based on the display device 40 shown in Figure 4.
  • the second image source 701 can be located between the first image source 408 and the protective cover 401, for example. between.
  • the second image source 701 is also located in the space enclosed by the protective cover 401 and the housing.
  • the second image source 701 is used to emit second image light.
  • the second image light carries second image information.
  • the second image information can be, for example, instrument information and other information that does not need to be viewed in real time.
  • the second image information can be imaged on the near focus plane. , therefore the second image source 701 can be called a near-focus image source.
  • the second image information can also be information that needs to be viewed in real time, such as navigation information.
  • the second image information can also be imaged on a far-focus plane, so the second image source 701 can also be called a far-focus image source.
  • the second image source 701 may include a second image generating unit 702 and a fourth polarization conversion element 703 .
  • the second image generating unit 702 is used to emit the second image light.
  • the second image generating unit 702 includes but is not limited to DMD, LCOS display, OLED display, LCD, DLP display, MEMS display, etc.
  • the fourth polarization conversion element 703 is located on the light exit side of the second image generation unit 702.
  • the fourth polarization conversion element 703 can transmit light and change the polarization state of the light.
  • the fourth polarization conversion element 703 may be a 1/2 wave plate, for example.
  • the optical path of the first image light emitted from the first image source 408 (indicated by the open arrow solid line in FIG. 7, the first image light forms the first virtual image) is the same as described above. I won’t repeat it here, but the key points below are:
  • the optical path of the second image light emitted from the second image source 701 (indicated by a closed arrow solid line in FIG. 7 ) is described below.
  • the second image generating unit 702 emits second image light.
  • the second image light may have the same polarization state as the first image light, for example, both are P-polarized light.
  • the fourth polarization conversion element 703 After the second image light passes through the fourth polarization conversion element 703, it is converted into S-polarized light.
  • the S-polarized light is directly projected to the second reflective mirror 404 and reflected to the protective cover 401 by the second reflective mirror 404 .
  • the S-polarized light passes through the protective cover 401 and then strikes the windshield 1, and is reflected by the windshield 1 to the human eye, so that the human eye sees the second virtual image.
  • the display device 70 of this embodiment can realize bifocal display, which improves the driving experience.
  • the display device 70 has a small size, can be widely adapted to different vehicle models, and can achieve a large viewing angle at a low cost. Moreover, the display device 70 can reduce sunlight backflow and ensure image quality.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the application scenario of the display device 80 of the fifth embodiment.
  • the display device 80 may include a protective cover 801 , a second reflecting mirror 805 , a first reflecting mirror 806 and a first image source 807 .
  • the display device 80 may also include a housing (not shown in FIG. 8 ).
  • a protective cover 801 is installed on the housing and covers the opening of the housing.
  • the protective cover 801 and the housing form a space.
  • the second reflector 805 and the third A reflecting mirror 806 and the first image source 807 are located in the space, and the protective cover 801 is used to protect components in the space.
  • the protective cover 801 of the fifth embodiment may include a cover body 802 , a polarization reflective element 803 and a second polarization conversion element 804 .
  • the polarization reflective element 803 may be located between the cover 802 and the second polarization conversion element 804.
  • the polarized reflective element 803 can be tightly combined with the cover 802 , for example, the polarized reflective element 803 can be attached to the cover 802 .
  • the polarizing reflective element 803 and the cover 802 may have a gap.
  • the second polarization conversion element 804 can be closely combined with the polarization reflection element 803.
  • the second polarization conversion element 804 can be attached to the polarization reflection element 803.
  • the second polarization conversion element 804 and the polarization reflection element 803 may have a gap.
  • the polarized reflective element 803 has polarized reflective properties, including but not limited to DBEF.
  • DBEF can, for example, transmit P-polarized light and reflect S-polarized light, or transmit S-polarized light and reflect P-polarized light.
  • the second polarization conversion element 804 can transmit light and change the polarization state of the light, and may be a quarter wave plate, for example. Due to the polarization reflection element 803 and the second polarization conversion element 804, the protective cover 801 has both the polarization reflection function and the function of converting the polarization state of light.
  • the second reflector 805 may be, for example, a curved reflector, specifically a free-form reflector.
  • the first reflecting mirror 806 may be located between the second reflecting mirror 805 and the first image source 807.
  • the first reflecting mirror 806 may be a plane reflecting mirror or a curved reflecting mirror, for example. Both the second reflecting mirror 805 and the first reflecting mirror 806 can only reflect light without changing the polarization state of the light. Using two reflectors can increase the optical path and improve imaging quality. In addition, using a curved reflector can compensate for the curvature of the windshield 1 and ensure image quality.
  • the first image source 807 may be located between the first reflector 806 and the protective cover 801 .
  • the first image source 807 may include a first image generating unit 808 and a third polarization conversion element 809.
  • the first image generating unit 808 is used to emit the first image light.
  • the first image generating unit 808 includes but is not limited to DMD, LCOS display, OLED display, LCD, DLP display, MEMS display, etc.
  • the third polarization conversion element 809 is located on the light exit side of the first image generation unit 808.
  • the third polarization conversion element 809 can transmit light and change the polarization state of the light.
  • the third polarization conversion element 809 may be a quarter wave plate, for example.
  • the first image generating unit 808 emits first image light, and the first image light may be S-polarized light, for example.
  • the first image light passes through the third polarization conversion element 809, it is converted into circularly polarized light.
  • the circularly polarized light passes through the second polarization conversion element 804 and is converted into P-polarized light.
  • the P-polarized light hits the polarization reflective element 803 and is reflected back, passes through the second polarization conversion element 804 again, and is converted into circularly polarized light by the second polarization conversion element.
  • the circularly polarized light is reflected by the first reflective mirror 806 to the second reflective mirror 805 , and then reflected by the second reflective mirror 805 to the second polarization conversion element 804 .
  • the circularly polarized light passes through the second polarization conversion element 804 and is converted into S-polarized light.
  • S-polarized light passes through the polarized reflective element 803 and the cover 802 in sequence, It is emitted to the windshield 1 and is reflected by the windshield 1 to the human eye, so that the human eye can see a virtual image.
  • the display device 80 of this embodiment has a smaller volume, can be widely adapted to different vehicle models, and can achieve a large viewing angle at a lower cost. Moreover, the display device 80 can reduce sunlight backflow and ensure image quality.
  • the following alternative structure of the display device 80 can be obtained, which also has the advantages of the display device 80 .
  • the cover 802 is only a light-transmitting medium and does not change the polarization state of the light
  • the cover 802 , the second polarization conversion element 804 and the polarization reflection element can be connected along the direction from the inside to the outside of the display device 80 .
  • 803 are arranged in sequence, that is, the cover 802 is located on the inside, the polarization reflecting element 803 is located on the outside, and the second polarization conversion element 804 is located in the middle.
  • This kind of protective cover also has the function of polarization reflection and conversion of the polarization state of light.
  • both the first reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror can change the polarization state of light.
  • a single reflector may be used instead of the first reflector 806 and the second reflector 805.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the application scenario of the display device 90 of Embodiment 6.
  • the display device 90 can add a second image source 901 based on the display device 80 shown in Figure 8.
  • the second image source 901 can be located between the first image source 807 and the protective cover 801, for example. between.
  • the second image source 901 is also located in the space enclosed by the protective cover 801 and the housing.
  • the second image source 901 is used to emit second image light.
  • the second image light carries second image information.
  • the second image information can be, for example, instrument information and other information that does not need to be viewed in real time.
  • the second image information can be imaged on the near focus plane. Therefore, the second image source 901 can be called a near-focus image source.
  • the second image information can also be information that needs to be viewed in real time, such as navigation information.
  • the second image information can also be imaged on a far-focus plane, so the second image source 901 can also be called a far-focus image source.
  • the second image source 901 may include a second image generating unit 902 and a fourth polarization conversion element 903 .
  • the second image generating unit 902 is used to emit the second image light.
  • the second image generating unit 902 includes but is not limited to DMD, LCOS display, OLED display, LCD, DLP display, MEMS display, etc.
  • the fourth polarization conversion element 903 is located on the light exit side of the second image generation unit 902.
  • the fourth polarization conversion element 903 can transmit light and change the polarization state of the light.
  • the fourth polarization conversion element 903 may be a quarter wave plate, for example.
  • the optical path of the first image light emitted by the first image source 807 (indicated by the open arrow solid line in FIG. 9 , the first image light forms the first virtual image) is the same as described above. This There will be no repetition here, and the following will focus on the optical path of the second image light emitted from the second image source 901 (indicated by a closed arrow solid line in FIG. 9 ).
  • the second image generating unit 902 emits second image light.
  • the second image light may, for example, have a different polarization state from the first image light.
  • the second image light may, for example, be P-polarized light.
  • the circularly polarized light is directly projected to the second reflective mirror 805 and reflected by the second reflective mirror 805 to the second polarization conversion element 804 .
  • the circularly polarized light passes through the second polarization conversion element 804 and is converted into S-polarized light.
  • the S-polarized light sequentially passes through the polarized reflective element 803 and the cover 802 and then strikes the windshield 1 and is reflected by the windshield 1 to the human eye, thereby allowing the human eye to see the second virtual image.
  • the display device 90 of this embodiment can realize bifocal display, which improves the driving experience.
  • the display device 90 has a small size, can be widely adapted to different vehicle models, and can achieve a large viewing angle at a low cost. Moreover, the display device 90 can reduce sunlight backflow and ensure image quality.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that Figure 10 is only a schematic diagram of a possible functional framework of a vehicle. In practical applications, the vehicle may include more or fewer systems or components, which are not limited by the embodiments of this application.
  • the vehicle may be a car, truck, motorcycle, bus, boat, airplane, helicopter, lawnmower, recreational vehicle, amusement park vehicle, construction equipment, trolley, golf cart, train, mobile phone Vehicles such as carts are not particularly limited in the embodiments of this application.
  • the vehicle may include various subsystems, such as sensor system 12, control system 14, one or more peripheral devices 16 (one is schematically depicted in Figure 10), power supply 18, computer system 20 and display system 22.
  • the vehicle may also include other functional systems, such as an engine system that provides power for the vehicle, etc., which is not limited in this application.
  • the sensor system 12 may include several detection devices that can detect measured information and convert the detected information into electrical signals or other forms of information.
  • these detection devices may include a global positioning system 1201 (GPS), a vehicle speed sensor 1202, an inertial measurement unit 1203 (IMU), a radar unit 1204, a laser rangefinder 1205, and a camera unit 1206. , wheel speed sensor 1207, steering sensor 1208, gear position sensor 1209, or other components for automatic detection, etc., the embodiments of this application are not limited.
  • Global Positioning System 1201 is a system that uses GPS positioning satellites to perform global positioning and navigation in real time.
  • the global positioning system 1201 can be used to realize real-time positioning of the vehicle and provide the vehicle's geographical location information.
  • the vehicle speed sensor 1202 is used to detect the driving speed of the vehicle.
  • the inertial measurement unit 1203 may include a combination of accelerometers and gyroscopes for measuring the vehicle's angular rate and acceleration. For example, while the vehicle is traveling, the inertial measurement unit 1203 can measure the position and angle changes of the vehicle body based on the inertial acceleration of the vehicle.
  • Radar unit 1204 may also be called a radar system.
  • the radar unit 1204 can sense objects using wireless signals in the current environment in which the vehicle is located.
  • the radar unit 1204 can also sense information such as the object's running speed and traveling direction.
  • radar unit 1204 may be configured as one or more antennas for receiving or transmitting wireless signals.
  • the laser rangefinder 1205 can use modulated laser light to measure the distance to a target object.
  • the laser rangefinder 1205 may include, but is not limited to, any one or a combination of a laser source, a laser scanner, and a laser detector.
  • the camera unit 1206 is used to capture images, such as images and videos. While the vehicle is driving or after the camera unit 1206 is enabled, the camera unit 1206 can collect images of the environment where the vehicle is located in real time. For example, during the process of the vehicle entering and exiting the tunnel, the camera unit 1206 can collect corresponding images continuously and in real time. In practical applications, the camera unit 1206 includes but is not limited to a driving recorder, a camera, a camera or other components used for taking pictures/photography. The number of camera units 1206 is not limited in this embodiment of the application.
  • Wheel speed sensor 1207 is a sensor for detecting vehicle wheel rotation speed.
  • the wheel speed sensor 1207 may include, but is not limited to, a magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor and a Hall wheel speed sensor.
  • the steering sensor 1208 may also be called a steering angle sensor and may be used to detect the steering angle of the vehicle.
  • the steering sensor 1208 may be used to measure the steering angle of the vehicle steering wheel, or to measure an electrical signal representing the steering angle of the vehicle steering wheel.
  • the steering sensor 1208 may also be used to measure the steering angle of the vehicle tire, or to measure an electrical signal representing the steering angle of the vehicle tire, etc., which is not limited by the embodiments of this application. That is, the steering sensor 1208 may be used to measure any one or a combination of: the steering angle of the steering wheel, an electrical signal representative of the steering angle of the steering wheel, the steering angle of the wheels (vehicle tires), and the steering angle of the wheels. electrical signals, etc.
  • the gear position sensor 1209 is used to detect the current gear position in which the vehicle is traveling.
  • the gears in the vehicle may also be different.
  • self-driving vehicles support 6 gears: P, R, N, D, 2 and L.
  • P (parking) gear is used for parking. It uses the vehicle's mechanical device to lock the braking part of the vehicle so that the vehicle cannot move.
  • R (reverse) gear also called reverse gear, is used for reversing the vehicle.
  • D (drive) gear also called forward gear, is used for vehicles driving on the road.
  • the 2nd gear (second gear) is also a forward gear and is used to adjust the vehicle's driving speed.
  • the second gear can usually be used for vehicles going up and down slopes.
  • L (low) gear also called low speed gear, is used to limit The speed of the vehicle. For example, on a downhill road, the vehicle enters L gear, so that the vehicle uses engine power to brake when going downhill. The driver does not have to apply the brakes for a long time and cause the brake pads to overheat and cause danger.
  • the control system 14 may include several elements, such as the steering unit 1401, the braking unit 1402, the lighting system 1403, the automatic driving system 1404, the map navigation system 1405, the network time synchronization system 1406 and the obstacle avoidance system 1407 shown in Figure 10 .
  • the control system 14 may also include components such as a throttle controller and an engine controller for controlling the driving speed of the vehicle, which are not limited by the embodiments of this application.
  • the steering unit 1401 may represent a system for adjusting the traveling direction of the vehicle, which may include but is not limited to a steering wheel, or any other device for adjusting or controlling the traveling direction of the vehicle.
  • the braking unit 1402 can be used to slow down the driving speed of the vehicle, and can also be called a vehicle braking system. This includes but is not limited to brake controllers, reducers or other devices used to slow down the vehicle. In practical applications, the braking unit 1402 can use friction to slow down the vehicle tires, thereby slowing down the driving speed of the vehicle.
  • the lighting system 1403 is used to provide lighting or warning functions for the vehicle. For example, when the vehicle is driving at night, the lighting system 1403 can activate the front lights and rear lights of the vehicle to provide lighting brightness for the vehicle to drive and ensure the safe driving of the vehicle. In practical applications, the lighting system 1403 includes but is not limited to front lights, rear lights, width lights, warning lights, etc.
  • the automatic driving system 1404 may include a hardware system and a software system for processing and analyzing data input to the automatic driving system 1404 to obtain actual control parameters of each component in the control system 14, such as the expectations of the brake controller in the braking unit 1402 The braking pressure and expected torque of the engine, etc., facilitate the control system 14 to implement corresponding control to ensure safe driving of the vehicle.
  • the autonomous driving system 1404 can determine information such as obstacles faced by the vehicle and characteristics of the environment in which the vehicle is located (such as the lane in which the vehicle is currently traveling, road boundaries, and upcoming traffic lights) by analyzing data.
  • the data input to the automatic driving system 1404 can be image data collected by the camera unit 1206, or data collected by other components in the sensor system 12, such as the steering wheel angle provided by the steering sensor 1208, and the wheel speed provided by the wheel speed sensor 1207. Etc., the embodiments of this application are not limiting.
  • the map navigation system 1405 is used to provide map information and navigation services for vehicles.
  • the map navigation system 1405 can plan an optimal driving route based on the vehicle's positioning information provided by GPS (specifically, the vehicle's current location) and the destination address input by the user, such as the shortest distance or less traffic flow. Route, etc., to facilitate the vehicle to navigate and drive according to the optimal driving route.
  • the map navigation system 1405 can also provide or display corresponding map information to the user according to the user's actual needs, such as displaying the road section currently being traveled by the vehicle on the map in real time, which is not limited by the embodiments of this application. .
  • Network time system 1406 (network time system, NTS) is used to provide time synchronization services to ensure that the current system time of the vehicle is synchronized with the network standard time, which is beneficial to providing more accurate time information for the vehicle.
  • the network time synchronization system 1406 can obtain a standard time signal from a GPS satellite, and use the time signal to synchronously update the current system time of the vehicle to ensure that the current system time of the vehicle is consistent with the time of the obtained standard time signal.
  • the obstacle avoidance system 1407 is used to predict the obstacles that the vehicle may encounter during driving, and then control the vehicle to bypass or cross the obstacles to achieve normal driving of the vehicle.
  • the obstacle avoidance system 1407 may use data analysis collected by each element in the sensor system 12 to determine possible obstacles on the road where the vehicle is traveling. If the obstacle is large in size, such as a fixed building (building) on the roadside, the obstacle avoidance system 1407 can control the vehicle to avoid the obstacle for safe driving. On the contrary, if the size of the obstacle is small, such as a small stone on the road, the obstacle avoidance system 1407 can control the vehicle to overcome the obstacle and continue to drive forward.
  • Peripheral device 16 may include several elements, such as communication system 1601, touch screen 1602, user interface 1603, microphone 1604, speaker 1605, etc. in FIG. 10 .
  • the communication system 1601 is used to implement network communication between the vehicle and other devices.
  • communication systems 1601 Wireless communication technology or wired communication technology can be used to realize network communication between vehicles and other devices.
  • the wired communication technology may refer to communication between vehicles and other devices through network cables or optical fibers.
  • the wireless communication technology includes but is not limited to global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), code division multiple access (code division multiple access, CDMA), Wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), time-division code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (LTE), wireless local area network (wireless local area networks, WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) network), Bluetooth (bluetooth, BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), short range Wireless communication technology (near field communication, NFC) and infrared technology (infrared, IR), etc.
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • GPRS general packet radio service
  • code division multiple access code division multiple access
  • CDMA Code division multiple access
  • WCDMA Wideband code division multiple access
  • TD-SCDMA time-division code division multiple access
  • LTE long term evolution
  • wireless local area network wireless local area networks, WLAN
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • WiFi wireless local area networks
  • the touch screen 1602 can be used to detect the user's touch operation instructions. For example, the user performs a touch operation on the content data displayed on the touch screen 1602 according to actual needs to realize the function corresponding to the touch operation, such as playing music, video and other multimedia files.
  • the user interface 1603 may be a touch panel.
  • User interface 1603 may be physical buttons or a mouse.
  • the user interface 1603 may also be a display screen for outputting data, displaying images or data.
  • the user interface 1603 may also be at least one device belonging to the category of peripheral devices, such as a touch screen, a microphone, a speaker, etc.
  • Microphone 1604 also known as microphone or microphone, is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals. When making a call or sending a voice message, the user approaches the microphone and speaks, and the sound signal can be input into the microphone.
  • the speaker 1605 is also called a horn and is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals.
  • the vehicle can listen to music or listen to hands-free calls through the speaker 1605.
  • the power source 18 is used to provide power or energy to the vehicle, which includes but is not limited to rechargeable lithium batteries or lead-acid batteries. In practical applications, one or more battery components in the power source 18 are used to provide electrical power or energy for vehicle starting.
  • the type and material of the power supply 18 are not limited in the embodiments of this application.
  • the computer system 20 may include one or more processors 2001 (one processor is shown as an example in FIG. 10 ) and a memory 2002 (which may also be referred to as a storage device).
  • the memory 2002 can be internal to the computer system 20 or external to the computer system 20 , for example, as a cache in a vehicle, etc., which is not limited by the embodiments of this application.
  • Processor 2001 may include one or more general-purpose processors, such as a graphics processing unit (GPU).
  • the processor 2001 may be used to run relevant programs or instructions corresponding to the programs stored in the memory 2002 to implement corresponding functions of the vehicle.
  • Memory 2002 may include volatile memory (volatile memory), such as RAM; memory may also include non-volatile memory (non-vlatile memory), such as ROM, flash memory (flash memory), HDD or solid state drive SSD; memory 2002 may also include combinations of the above types of memories.
  • the memory 2002 can be used to store a set of program codes or instructions corresponding to the program codes, so that the processor 2001 can call the program codes or instructions stored in the memory 2002 to implement corresponding functions of the vehicle. This function includes but is not limited to some or all of the functions in the vehicle function framework diagram shown in Figure 10.
  • a set of program codes for vehicle control can be stored in the memory 2002, and the processor 2001 can control the safe driving of the vehicle by calling the program codes.
  • the memory 2002 may also store information such as road maps, driving routes, sensor data, and the like.
  • the computer system 20 can be combined with other components in FIG. 10 , such as sensors in the sensor system 12 , GPS, etc., to implement vehicle-related functions.
  • the computer system 20 can control the driving direction or driving speed of the vehicle based on data input from the sensor system 12 , which is not limited by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the display system 22 may include several elements, such as a windshield 2201, a controller 2202 and a display device 2203 shown in FIG. 10 .
  • the controller 2202 is used to generate an image according to user instructions and send the image to the display device 2203.
  • the display device 2203 may be any one or more of the display devices in the above embodiments, such as the display device 4, the display device 40, the display device 70, etc.
  • the windshield 2201 is used to cooperate with the display device 2203 to realize the light path of the display system 22 so that a virtual image is presented in front of the driver.
  • the functions of some components in the display system 22 can also be implemented by other subsystems of the vehicle.
  • the controller 2202 can also be a component in the control system 14 .
  • FIG. 10 takes the vehicle as an example including four subsystems: a sensor system 12, a control system 14, a computer system 20, and a display system 22. This is not a limitation on the embodiment of the present application. In practical applications, vehicles can combine several components in the vehicle according to different functions to obtain subsystems with corresponding different functions.
  • the vehicle may also include an electronic stability system (electronic stability program, ESP) and an electric power steering system (electric power steering, EPS).
  • ESP electronic stability program
  • EPS electric power steering
  • the ESP system may be composed of some sensors in the sensor system 12 and some components in the control system 14.
  • the ESP system may include a wheel speed sensor 1207, a steering sensor 1208, a lateral acceleration sensor and control units involved in the control system 14, etc.
  • the EPS system may be composed of some sensors in the sensor system 12, some components in the control system 14, and the power supply 18.
  • the EPS system may include the steering sensor 1208, the generator and reducer involved in the control system 14, and the battery power supply. wait.
  • the display system 22 may also include a user interface 1603 and a touch screen 1602 in the peripheral device 16 to implement the function of receiving user instructions.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种显示装置和交通工具，交通工具包括风挡和显示装置，显示装置能够出射图像，风挡用于将显示装置出射的图像光反射至人眼。显示装置包括壳体、防护罩、第一像源和反射镜。壳体具有开口，防护罩安装于壳体并封闭开口，防护罩与壳体围成空间；第一像源与反射镜均收容于空间内，第一像源用于向防护罩出射第一图像光，防护罩用于将第一像源出射的第一图像光反射至反射镜，反射镜用于将第一图像光反射至防护罩，防护罩还用于供反射镜反射的第一图像光透过，以使第一图像光传输到空间外。本申请的显示装置通过使用防护罩对第一图像光进行偏振反射，利用防护罩折叠光路，能够有效地减小显示装置的体积，避免显示装置与其他部件发生干涉。

Description

显示装置和交通工具
本申请要求于2022年6月6日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202210630314.4、申请名称为“显示装置和交通工具”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及图像显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种显示装置和交通工具。
背景技术
抬头显示(head up display，HUD)(或称为平视显示系统)已被广泛应用于汽车。抬头显示是把仪表信息(如速度)、导航信息等出射至驾驶员视野前方的一种显示装置，驾驶员可以在视野前方看到信息，不需要低头观察方向盘下方的仪表盘或者中控显示屏，从而可提高紧急情况下的制动反应时间，提升驾驶的安全性。但是，常规HUD体积较大，容易挤占其他部件的空间，导致此种HUD的适用车型受限。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种显示装置和交通工具，该显示装置的体积较小，可适配更多车型。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种显示装置，包括壳体、防护罩、第一像源和反射镜。壳体具有开口，防护罩安装于壳体并封闭开口，防护罩与壳体围成空间；第一像源与反射镜均收容于空间内，第一像源用于向防护罩出射第一图像光，防护罩用于将第一像源出射的第一图像光反射至反射镜，反射镜用于将第一图像光反射至防护罩，防护罩还用于供反射镜反射的第一图像光透过，以使第一图像光传输到空间外。
本申请的显示装置的防护罩具有偏振反射性能，通过防护罩对第一图像光进行偏振反射处理，能够利用防护罩折叠光路，使得显示装置的各部件布局紧凑，从而有效地减小显示装置的体积。因此显示装置可以避免与其他部件的干涉，进而拓展显示装置所能适配的整车型号。另外，当该显示装置安装于交通工具中时，透过风挡照射至防护罩的阳光中的特定偏振态的光会被防护罩反射出去，不会进入显示装置内传输，进而不会影响成像。因此，具有偏振反射性能的防护罩还能减少阳光倒灌，保证成像质量。
在第一方面的一种实现方式中，防护罩包括罩体与偏振反射元件。罩体用于供第一图像光透过。偏振反射元件用于将第一像源出射的第一图像光反射至反射镜。反射镜用于将接收到的第一图像光反射至偏振反射元件，并改变第一图像光的偏振态，偏振反射元件还用于供反射镜反射的第一图像光透过，以使第一图像光传输到空间外。
本方案中，防护罩通过偏振反射元件来实现反射某偏振态的光，透过另一偏振态的光，也即实现偏振反射功能。偏振反射元件反射的图像光与透射的图像光的偏振态不同。在第一方面的一种实现方式中，反射镜包括第一反射镜和第二反射镜。第一反射镜用于将接收到的第一图像光反射至第二反射镜，第二反射镜用于将第一反射镜反射的第一图像光反射至偏振反射元件，其中，第一反射镜或者第二反射镜还用于改变第一图像光的偏振态。本方案中，使用第一反射镜与第二反射镜可以增加第一图像光的光程，提升成像质量。通过使得其中一 个反射镜能转换光的偏振态，使得反射镜能够与设有偏振反射元件的防护罩配合形成所需光路。
在第一方面的一种实现方式中，第一反射镜或者第二反射镜包括反射镜本体与第一偏振转换元件，第一偏振转换元件设于反射镜本体的反射侧。第一偏振转换元件用于透过第一图像光并改变第一图像光的偏振态；反射镜本体用于反射来自第一偏振转换元件的第一图像光。本方案中，通过将反射镜本体与第一偏振转换元件叠加，能够实现反射镜反射并转换光偏振态的功能，此种设计简单、可靠、量产性好。
在第一方面的一种实现方式中，第二反射镜包括曲面反射镜。曲面反射镜能够放大图像，提升成像质量。当显示装置安装于交通工具中时，曲面反射镜还可以具有补偿风挡的曲率的作用，进而保证成像质量。
在第一方面的一种实现方式中，防护罩包括罩体、偏振反射元件和第二偏振转换元件，罩体用于供第一图像光透过；第二偏振转换元件用于透过第一像源出射的第一图像光，并改变第一图像光的偏振态，且使第一图像光射向偏振反射元件；偏振反射元件用于将来自第二偏振转换元件的第一图像光反射至第二偏振转换元件；第二偏振转换元件还用于透过偏振反射元件反射的第一图像光，并改变第一图像光的偏振态，且使第一图像光射向反射镜；第二偏振转换元件还用于透过反射镜反射的第一图像光，并改变第一图像光的偏振态，且使第一图像光射向偏振反射元件；偏振反射元件还用于供来自第二偏振转换元件的第一图像光透过，以使第一图像光传输到空间外。
本方案中，罩体、偏振反射元件和第二偏振转换元件三者的相对位置可以根据确定。例如，沿从显示装置的外部到内部的方向。罩体、偏振反射元件和第二偏振转换元件可以依次排布，或者偏振反射元件、第二偏振转换元件和罩体可以依次排布。防护罩通过偏振反射元件实现偏振反射功能，偏振反射元件反射的图像光与透射的图像光的偏振态不同。防护罩通过第二偏振转换元件实现转换光的偏振态功能，使得防护罩能够与光路上的其他部件配合形成所需光路。
在第一方面的一种实现方式中，第一像源包括图像生成单元与第三偏振转换元件，第三偏振转换元件设于图像生成单元的出光侧。图像生成单元用于向第三偏振转换元件出射第一图像光，第三偏振转换元件用于透过图像生成单元出射的第一图像光，并改变第一图像光的偏振态，且使第一图像光射向防护罩。上述结构的第一像源能够发出设计所需的图像光，便于形成所需光路
在第一方面的一种实现方式中，第二偏振转换元件贴附于偏振反射元件。贴附即第二偏振转换元件与偏振反射元件紧密贴合。本方案设计简单、量产性好、成本较低，且光学性能较好。在第一方面的一种实现方式中，第二偏振转换元件包括1/4波片。1/4波片成本相对低廉，光学性能优异，量产性好。
在第一方面的一种实现方式中，偏振反射元件贴附于罩体。贴附即偏振反射元件与罩体紧密贴合。本方案能够以简单的设计制造出具有偏振反射性能的防护罩，量产性好，成本较低。
在第一方面的一种实现方式中，偏振反射元件包括双亮度增强膜。双亮度增强膜具有较好的偏振反射性能，且其厚度较薄，能够有效减小占用空间
在第一方面的一种实现方式中，第一像源位于反射镜与防护罩之间。第一像源处于反射镜与防护罩之间，不会额外占用安装空间，能够有效地减小显示装置的体积。
在第一方面的一种实现方式中，显示装置包括第二像源，第二像源位于空间内，第二像 源用于向反射镜出射第二图像光，反射镜还用于将第二像源出射的第二图像光反射至防护罩；防护罩还用于供反射镜反射的第二图像光透过，以使第二图像光传输到空间外。
本方案中，第一像源可以为远焦像源，第二像源可以为近焦像源。通过设置两个像源，能够远焦面与近焦面上分别形成虚像，从而提升驾驶体验。
在第一方面的一种实现方式中，第二像源位于第一像源与防护罩之间。第二像源处于反射镜与防护罩之间，不会额外占用安装空间，能够有效地减小显示装置的体积。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种交通工具，包括风挡和显示装置，风挡用于将显示装置出射的图像光反射至人眼。本方案中，由于交通工具使用了小体积的显示装置，该显示装置不会挤占其他部件的空间，使得该交通工具的结构空间布局较为合理。
在第二方面的一种实现方式中，交通工具包括遮光板，遮光板设于显示装置与风挡之间，遮光板用于遮挡风挡透射的太阳光。本方案中，遮光板能够有效的减少透过风挡进入显示装置的太阳光，降低太阳光对成像的影响，并且还能减少经防护罩反射进入人眼的太阳光，从而防止炫光、保护人眼。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例的显示装置的应用场景示意图；
图2是本申请实施例一的显示装置的应用场景示意图；
图3是传统的显示装置的应用场景示意图；
图4是本申请实施例二的显示装置的应用场景示意图；
图5是本申请实施例二的显示装置的应用场景示意图；
图6是本申请实施例三的显示装置的应用场景示意图；
图7是本申请实施例四的显示装置的应用场景示意图；
图8是本申请实施例五的显示装置的应用场景示意图；
图9是本申请实施例六的显示装置的应用场景示意图；
图10是本申请实施例的交通工具的框架结构示意图。
具体实施方式
在本申请实施例中，术语“第一”、“第二”等的使用在于区分不同的装置、部件或者组成部分，并非用于表明或者暗示所指示的装置、部件或者组成部分的相对重要性和数量。除非另有说明，“多个”的含义为两个或者两个以上。
本申请实施例提供了一种交通工具，包括但不限于车辆、船舶、飞行器等。该交通工具可以包括显示装置与风挡。
显示装置用于发出携带图像信息的图像光，该图像信息包括但不限于交通工具的状态信息、外界物体的指示信息、导航信息等。其中，状态信息包括但不限于行驶速度、行驶里程、燃油量、水温和灯的状态等信息。外界物体的指示信息包括但不限于安全距离、周围障碍物和倒车影像等。导航信息包括但不限于方向箭头、距离和行驶时间等。
风挡可以是驾驶席位前方用透明材料(例如玻璃)制成的保护部件。风挡具有反射性能，能够将显示装置发出的图像光反射至人眼，以使人眼能够看到在视野前方呈现的虚像。由此，驾驶员可以在视野前方看到信息，不需要低头观察仪表盘或者中控显示屏等，从而可提高紧急情况下的制动反应时间，提升驾驶的安全性。
图1是本申请实施例提供的显示装置的一种应用场景的示意图。如图1所示，该显示装 置例如可以是抬头显示器(HUD)，HUD可以安装在汽车上。示意性的，HUD能够将汽车的导航信息与仪表信息通过风挡投射在驾驶员的视野范围内。其中，导航信息的虚像所在的平面可以称为远焦面，仪表信息的虚像所在的平面可以称为近焦面。也即，图1所示的HUD可以实现双焦面显示(下文将继续说明双焦面显示的原理)，可以在不同焦面上显示不同信息，提升了驾驶体验。可以理解的是，在汽车进行中，由于驾驶员的视线经常落在汽车前方，因而可以将导航信息等需要实时查看的信息成像在远焦面上，而将仪表信息等无需实时查看的信息成像在近焦面上。
可以理解的是，根据实际需要，远焦面与近焦面上的虚像所显示的信息可以根据需要进行配置，不限于上文所述。例如，远焦面与近焦面上显示的信息可以互换。
在其他实施例中，HUD也可以进行单焦面显示或多焦面显示。其中，单焦面显示是指信息仅成像在单个焦面上，使人眼仅能观察到一个虚像。多焦面显示是指信息可以成像在三个及以上的焦面上，使人眼能观察到三个及以上的虚像。
下面将详细说明本申请实施例的显示装置的结构及工作原理。
图2表示实施例一的显示装置4在汽车中的应用场景，其中示出了汽车的风挡1、仪表板(instrument panel，IP)2、遮光板3、显示装置4、踏板支架5、仪表板横梁(car cross beam，CCB)6、转向管柱7和方向盘8。其中，遮光板3可位于风挡1与显示装置4之间，遮光板3用于遮挡透过风挡1的阳光，避免阳光被显示装置4反射后进入人眼，或者避免阳光进入显示装置4内影响成像或导致显示装置4的温度升高。显示装置4可以位于仪表板2、踏板支架5、仪表板横梁6和转向管柱7附近。
如图2所示，显示装置4可包括壳体42、防护罩41、第一像源44和反射镜43。
如图2所示，壳体42作为显示装置4的外壳，其具有开口。壳体42的结构可以根据需要设计，本实施例不做限定。
如图2所示，防护罩41安装在壳体42上，并封盖该开口，以与壳体42围成空间4a。防护罩41结构可以根据需要设计，本实施例不做限定。防护罩41用于对空间4a内的部件进行防护，例如可避免灰尘等异物进入空间4a。
本实施例中，防护罩41还具有偏振反射性能，即防护罩41能够反射某偏振态的光，而透过另一偏振态的光。防护罩41可以反射至少一种偏振态的光，也可以透射至少一种偏振态的光。例如，防护罩41可以反射P偏振光，透射S偏振光。本实施例对防护罩41所能反射的光的偏振态，以及所能透过的光的偏振态不做限定。可以根据产品需要，采用合适的方式制造该防护罩41，例如可以从材料、结构等方面进行设计，以制造出此种防护罩41，本实施例对此不做具体限定。
如图2所示，第一像源44位于空间4a内。第一像源44用于发出第一路图像光(简称第一图像光)，第一图像光携带第一图像信息，第一图像信息例如可以是导航信息等需要实时查看的信息，第一图像信息可以成像于远焦面上，因此第一像源44可以称为远焦像源。可以理解的是，第一图像信息也可以是仪表信息等无需实时查看的信息，第一图像信息可以成像于近焦面上，因此第一像源44也可以称为近焦像源。
本实施例中，第一像源44可以包括但不限于数字微镜设备(digital micro-mirror device，DMD)、硅基液晶(liquid crystal on silicon，LCOS)显示器、有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diode，OLED)显示器、液晶显示器(liquid crystal display，LCD)、数字光处理(digital light procession，DLP)显示器、微机电系统(micro-electro-mechanical systems，MEMS)显示器等。除上文所述的器件之外，第一像源44还可包括与该器件配套的部件。例如，对于 DMD或LcoS，第一像源44还可以包括扩散屏，DMD或LcoS的光投影到扩散屏上，扩散屏发出第一图像光。
如图2所示，反射镜43设于空间4a内。反射镜43用于将第一图像光反射至防护罩41。反射镜43的类型及数量可以根据需要设计，反射镜43例如可以是曲面镜，本实施例不做限定。反射镜43可以仅对光进行反射，或者还可以在反射时可以改变光的偏振态。
下面说明显示装置4的工作原理。
如图2所示，第一像源44可以向防护罩41发出第一图像光(用箭头实线表示光路)，第一图像光的偏振态可以根据需要确定。第一图像光投射到防护罩41时，会被防护罩41反射但不会透过防护罩41。被防护罩41反射的第一图像光将射到反射镜43，反射镜43将第一图像光再次反射至防护罩41。此时，第一图像光会透过防护罩41，并从空间4a射出。从空间4a射出的第一图像光遇到风挡1，并被风挡1反射至人眼，从而使得人眼能看到虚像。
由此可见，防护罩41参与了对第一图像光的处理过程，防护罩41起到了折叠光路的作用，这样使得空间4a内的各个部件的间距可以较小，布局可以较为紧凑，进而使得整个显示装置4的体积可以较小。例如图2所示，显示装置4与踏板支架5、仪表板横梁6和转向管柱7的距离较大，显示装置4有效地避开了踏板支架5、仪表板横梁6和转向管柱7的位置，解决了各种车型的结构干涉问题，使得显示装置4能够广泛适配不同车型，能够以较低的成本实现大视场角(field of view，FOV)。
另外，由于防护罩41的偏振反射性能，透过风挡1照射至防护罩41的阳光中的特定偏振态的光会被防护罩41反射出去，不会进入空间4a内传输，进而不会影响成像。因此，具有偏振反射性能的防护罩41还能减少阳光倒灌，保证成像质量。
为了对比说明显示装置4的优点，图3示意出了一种传统的显示装置4’的应用场景。如图3所示，传统的显示装置4’中，防护罩41’为普通的透光罩体，并不具备偏振反射性能，并不参与对光的处理。具体的，像源44’发出的图像光出射到反射镜432’，会被反射镜432’反射至反射镜431’。反射镜431’将图像光反射至防护罩41’后，图像光将透过防护罩41’射出。
可以理解的是，由于防护罩41’未对光路进行折叠，使得壳体42’内的各个部件的间距较大，部件布局较为松散，导致整个显示装置4’的体积较大。因此，显示装置4’与踏板支架5、仪表板横梁6和转向管柱7的距离较小，显示装置4’挤占了较多空间，容易导致结构干涉，使得显示装置4’适用车型较少。并且，显示装置4’的阳光倒灌问题较为严重，影响成像质量。
如图4所示，实施例二的显示装置40可以包括防护罩401、第二反射镜404、第一反射镜405和第一像源408。显示装置40还可以包括壳体(图4未示意)，防护罩401安装在该壳体上并封盖壳体的开口，防护罩401与该壳体围成空间，第二反射镜404、第一反射镜405和第一像源408均位于该空间内，防护罩401用于对该空间内的部件进行防护。
本实施例中，防护罩401同样具有偏振反射性能。具体如图4所示，防护罩401可以包括罩体402与偏振反射元件403，罩体402可以位于外侧，偏振反射元件403可以位于内侧(内外侧均指该空间的内外侧，下同)。示意性的，偏振反射元件403可以与罩体402紧密结合，例如偏振反射元件403可以贴附于罩体402。或者，偏振反射元件403与罩体402之间也可以具有间隙。罩体402为防护罩401的结构主体，其能够透光。偏振反射元件403具有偏振反射性能，即防护罩401的偏振反射性能通过偏振反射元件403实现。偏振反射元件403包括但不限于双亮度增强膜(dual brightness enhancement film,DBEF)，DBEF例如可以透射P偏振光并反射S偏振光，或者透射S偏振光并反射P偏振光。
如图4所示，显示装置40可以包括第二反射镜404与第一反射镜405这两个反射镜，第 一反射镜405可以位于第二反射镜404与第一像源408之间。其中，第二反射镜404例如可以是曲面反射镜，具体如自由曲面反射镜。第一反射镜405例如可以是平面反射镜，或者也可以是曲面反射镜。使用两个反射镜能够增加光程，提升成像质量。另外，使用曲面反射镜能够补偿风挡1的曲率，放大图像，保证成像质量。
如图4所示，示意性的，第一反射镜405可以包括反射镜本体406与第一偏振转换元件407。反射镜本体406具备光反射性能。第一偏振转换元件407位于反射镜本体406的反射侧(即反射镜本体406用于反射光的一侧，例如图4视角中反射镜本体406的上侧)，第一偏振转换元件407可与反射镜本体406紧密结合，例如贴附于反射镜本体406。或者，第一偏振转换元件407与反射镜本体406之间可以具有间隙。第一偏振转换元件407能够供光透过，并转换光的偏振态。第一偏振转换元件407包括但不限于1/4波片。
如图4所示，示意性的，第一像源408可以位于第一反射镜405与防护罩401之间。第一像源408例如可以发出P偏振光。
下面将说明显示装置40的工作原理。
如图4所示，第一像源408可以向防护罩401发出第一图像光，第一图像光例如可以是P偏振光。第一图像光将会被偏振反射元件403反射至第一偏振转换元件407，但不会透过偏振反射元件403(偏振反射元件403可以透射S偏振光并反射P偏振光)。第一图像光将透过第一偏振转换元件407，并被第一偏振转换元件407转换为圆偏光。该圆偏光将被反射镜本体406反射，并再次透过第一偏振转换元件407，且被第一偏振转换元件407转换为S偏振光并射向第二反射镜404。第二反射镜404将该S偏振光反射至偏振反射元件403，该S偏振光能够透过偏振反射元件403和罩体402，并射到风挡1。风挡1将该S偏振光反射入人眼，从而使人眼看到虚像。
由此可见，防护罩401参与了对第一图像光的处理过程，防护罩401起到了折叠光路的作用，这样使得显示装置40的各个部件的间距可以较小，布局可以较为紧凑，进而使得整个显示装置40的体积可以较小。对比图4与图3所示，特别是将第一像源408置于防护罩401与第二反射镜404之间之后，可以使显示装置40的壳体位置上移，这样能够有效避开踏板支架5、仪表板横梁6和转向管柱7的位置，避免了干涉问题。因此，显示装置40的体积较小，能够广泛适配不同车型。另外，由于防护罩401具有偏振反射元件403，因而能减少阳光倒灌，保证成像质量。
基于上文所述的显示装置40的光路原理，可以得到显示装置40的如下替代结构，以下替代结构同样具有显示装置40的优点。
例如，由于罩体402仅仅是透光介质，并不改变光的偏振态，因此罩体402与偏振反射元件403可以交换位置，同样可以实现防护罩401的偏振反射功能。
或者，例如图5所示，可以使显示装置50的第一反射镜504仅反射光但不改变光的偏振态，而使得第二反射镜501反射光且能改变光的偏振态。具体的，第二反射镜501可以包括反射镜本体502与第一偏振转换元件503。反射镜本体502可以是曲面反射镜，例如自由曲面反射镜。第一偏振转换元件503设于反射镜本体502的反射侧，第一偏振转换元件503能够供光透过，并转换光的偏振态，第一偏振转换元件503包括但不限于1/4波片。因此，第一图像光(例如为P偏振光)射到第一反射镜504时，会被第一反射镜504反射至第二反射镜501。第二反射镜501能够将第一图像光反射至偏振反射元件403，并改变第一图像光的偏振态(例如转换为S偏振光)。
或者，可以使用单个反射镜替代上述的第一反射镜与第二反射镜，该单个反射镜能够将 第一图像光反射至偏振反射元件403，并并改变第一图像光的偏振态。
以上所述的防护罩的设计与反射镜的设计，可以根据需要进行结合。
图6示意出了实施例三的显示装置60的应用场景。
对比图6与图5所示，显示装置60可以在图5所示的显示装置50的基础上增加第二像源601，第二像源601例如可以位于第一像源408与防护罩401之间。第二像源601也位于防护罩401与壳体所围空间内。第二像源601用于发出第二路图像光(简称第二成像光)，第二图像光携带第二图像信息，第二图像信息例如可以是仪表信息等无需实时查看的信息，第二图像信息可以成像于近焦面上，因此第二像源601可以称为近焦像源。可以理解的是，第二图像信息也可以是导航信息等需要实时查看的信息，第二图像信息也可以成像于远焦面上，因此第二像源601也可以称为远焦像源。
第二像源601包括但不限于DMD、LCOS显示器、OLED显示器、LCD、DLP显示器、MEMS显示器等。除上文所述的器件之外，第二像源601还可包括与该器件配套的部件。例如，对于DMD或LcoS，第二像源601还可以包括扩散屏，DMD或LcoS的光投影到扩散屏上，扩散屏发出第二图像光。
下面说明显示装置60的工作原理，其中第一像源408出射的第一图像光的光路(在图6中用开放箭头实线表示，第一图像光形成第一虚像)同上文所述，此处不再重复，下文重点说明第二像源601出射的第二图像光的光路(在图6中用封闭箭头实线表示)。
如图6所示，第二像源601出射第二图像光，第二图像光例如可以与第一图像光的偏振态相同，例如均为P偏振光。第二图像光直接投射到第二反射镜501。此时，第二图像光将透过第一偏振转换元件503，并转换为圆偏振光。圆偏振光被反射镜本体502反射回来并再次透过第一偏振转换元件503，且转换为S偏振光。S偏振光透过防护罩401后射到风挡1，并被风挡1反射至人眼，从而使人眼看到第二虚像。
本实施例中，第二虚像可以位于近焦面上，第一虚像可以位于远焦面上。由此，显示装置60可以实现双焦面显示，提升了驾驶体验。
由上所述，显示装置60具有较小的体积，能够广泛适配不同车型，能够以较低的成本实现大视场角。并且，显示装置60能够减少阳光倒灌，保证成像质量。
图7示意出了实施例四的显示装置70的应用场景。
对比图7与图4所示，显示装置70可以在图4所示的显示装置40的基础上增加第二像源701，第二像源701例如可以位于第一像源408与防护罩401之间。第二像源701也位于防护罩401与壳体所围空间内。第二像源701用于发出第二图像光，第二图像光携带第二图像信息，第二图像信息例如可以是仪表信息等无需实时查看的信息，第二图像信息可以成像于近焦面上，因此第二像源701可以称为近焦像源。可以理解的是，第二图像信息也可以是导航信息等需要实时查看的信息，第二图像信息也可以成像于远焦面上，因此第二像源701也可以称为远焦像源。
如图7所示，第二像源701可以包括第二图像生成单元702与第四偏振转换元件703。其中，第二图像生成单元702用于发出第二图像光，第二图像生成单元702包括但不限于DMD、LCOS显示器、OLED显示器、LCD、DLP显示器、MEMS显示器等。第四偏振转换元件703位于第二图像生成单元702的出光侧，第四偏振转换元件703能够透光并改变光的偏振态。第四偏振转换元件703例如可以是1/2波片。
下面说明显示装置70的工作原理，其中第一像源408出射的第一图像光的光路(在图7中用开放箭头实线表示，第一图像光形成第一虚像)同上文所述，此处不再重复，下文重点 说明第二像源701出射的第二图像光的光路(在图7中用封闭箭头实线表示)。
如图7所示，第二图像生成单元702出射第二图像光，第二图像光例如可以与第一图像光的偏振态相同，例如均为P偏振光。第二图像光透过第四偏振转换元件703后，转换为S偏振光。S偏振光直接投射到第二反射镜404，并被第二反射镜404反射至防护罩401。S偏振光透过防护罩401后射到风挡1，并被风挡1反射至人眼，从而使人眼看到第二虚像。
本实施例的显示装置70可以实现双焦面显示，提升了驾驶体验。显示装置70具有较小的体积，能够广泛适配不同车型，能够以较低的成本实现大视场角。并且，显示装置70能够减少阳光倒灌，保证成像质量。
图8示意出了实施例五的显示装置80的应用场景。
如图8所示，显示装置80可以包括防护罩801、第二反射镜805、第一反射镜806和第一像源807。显示装置80还可以包括壳体(图8未示意)，防护罩801安装在该壳体上并封盖壳体的开口，防护罩801与该壳体围成空间，第二反射镜805、第一反射镜806和第一像源807均位于该空间内，防护罩801用于对该空间内的部件进行防护。
如图8所示，与上述实施例的防护罩均不同的是，实施例五的防护罩801可以包括罩体802、偏振反射元件803和第二偏振转换元件804。示意性的，偏振反射元件803可以位于罩体802与第二偏振转换元件804之间。偏振反射元件803可以与罩体802紧密结合，例如偏振反射元件803可以贴附于罩体802。或者，偏振反射元件803与罩体802可以具有间隙。第二偏振转换元件804可以与偏振反射元件803紧密结合，例如第二偏振转换元件804可以贴附于偏振反射元件803。或者，第二偏振转换元件804与偏振反射元件803可以具有间隙。
偏振反射元件803具有偏振反射性能，其包括但不限于DBEF，DBEF例如可以透射P偏振光并反射S偏振光，或者透射S偏振光并反射P偏振光。第二偏振转换元件804能够透光并改变光的偏振态，其例如可以是1/4波片。由于具有偏振反射元件803与第二偏振转换元件804，防护罩801同时具有偏振反射功能和转换光的偏振态功能。
如图8所示，第二反射镜805例如可以是曲面反射镜，具体如自由曲面反射镜。第一反射镜806可以位于第二反射镜805与第一像源807之间，第一反射镜806例如可以是平面反射镜，或者也可以是曲面反射镜。第二反射镜805与第一反射镜806均可以仅反射光，但不改变光的偏振态。使用两个反射镜能够增加光程，提升成像质量。另外，使用曲面反射镜能够补偿风挡1的曲率，保证成像质量。
如图8所示，示意性的，第一像源807可以位于第一反射镜806与防护罩801之间。第一像源807可以包括第一图像生成单元808与第三偏振转换元件809。其中，第一图像生成单元808用于发出第一图像光，第一图像生成单元808包括但不限于DMD、LCOS显示器、OLED显示器、LCD、DLP显示器、MEMS显示器等。第三偏振转换元件809位于第一图像生成单元808的出光侧，第三偏振转换元件809能够透光并改变光的偏振态。第三偏振转换元件809例如可以是1/4波片。
下面说明显示装置80的工作原理。
如图8所示，第一图像生成单元808出射第一图像光，第一图像光例如可以为S偏振光。第一图像光透过第三偏振转换元件809后，转换为圆偏振光。圆偏振光透过第二偏振转换元件804后转换为P偏振光。P偏振光射到偏振反射元件803后被反射回来，并再次透过第二偏振转换元件804，且被第二偏振转换元件转换为圆偏振光。圆偏振光被第一反射镜806反射至第二反射镜805，又被第二反射镜805反射至第二偏振转换元件804。该圆偏振光透过第二偏振转换元件804后转换为S偏振光。S偏振光依次透过偏振反射元件803与罩体802后 射到风挡1，并被风挡1反射至人眼，以使人眼能看到虚像。
本实施例的显示装置80具有较小的体积，能够广泛适配不同车型，能够以较低的成本实现大视场角。并且，显示装置80能够减少阳光倒灌，保证成像质量。
基于上文所述的显示装置80的光路原理，可以得到显示装置80的如下替代结构，该替代结构同样具有显示装置80的优点。
例如，由于罩体802仅仅是透光介质，并不改变光的偏振态，因此可以沿着从显示装置80的内部到外部的方向，使罩体802、第二偏振转换元件804与偏振反射元件803依次排布，即罩体802位于内侧，偏振反射元件803位于外侧，第二偏振转换元件804位于中间。此种防护罩同样具有偏振反射功能和转换光的偏振态功能。
例如，第一反射镜与第二反射镜均可以改变光的偏振态。或者，可以使用单个反射镜替代第一反射镜806与第二反射镜805。
以上所述的防护罩的设计与反射镜的设计，可以根据需要进行结合。
图9示意出了实施例六的显示装置90的应用场景。
对比图8和图9所示，显示装置90可以在图8所示的显示装置80的基础上增加第二像源901，第二像源901例如可以位于第一像源807与防护罩801之间。第二像源901也位于防护罩801与壳体所围空间内。第二像源901用于发出第二图像光，第二图像光携带第二图像信息，第二图像信息例如可以仪表信息等无需实时查看的信息，第二图像信息可以成像于近焦面上，因此第二像源901可以称为近焦像源。可以理解的是，第二图像信息也可以是导航信息等需要实时查看的信息，第二图像信息也可以成像于远焦面上，因此第二像源901也可以称为远焦像源。
如图9所示，第二像源901可以包括第二图像生成单元902与第四偏振转换元件903。其中，第二图像生成单元902用于发出第二图像光，第二图像生成单元902包括但不限于DMD、LCOS显示器、OLED显示器、LCD、DLP显示器、MEMS显示器等。第四偏振转换元件903位于第二图像生成单元902的出光侧，第四偏振转换元件903能够透光并改变光的偏振态。第四偏振转换元件903例如可以是1/4波片。
下面说明显示装置90的工作原理，其中第一像源807出射的第一图像光的光路(在图9中用开放箭头实线表示，第一图像光形成第一虚像)同上文所述，此处不再重复，下文重点说明第二像源901出射的第二图像光的光路(在图9中用封闭箭头实线表示)。
如图9所示，第二图像生成单元902出射第二图像光，第二图像光例如可以与第一图像光的偏振态不同，第二图像光例如可以为P偏振光。第二图像光透过第四偏振转换元件903后，转换为圆偏振光。圆偏振光直接投射到第二反射镜805，并被第二反射镜805反射至第二偏振转换元件804。该圆偏振光透过第二偏振转换元件804后转换为S偏振光。该S偏振光依次透过偏振反射元件803与罩体802后射到风挡1，并被风挡1反射至人眼，从而使人眼看到第二虚像。
本实施例的显示装置90可以实现双焦面显示，提升了驾驶体验。显示装置90具有较小的体积，能够广泛适配不同车型，能够以较低的成本实现大视场角。并且，显示装置90能够减少阳光倒灌，保证成像质量。
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种交通工具的框架结构示意图。需要说明的是，图10仅为交通工具的一种可能的功能框架示意图。在实际应用中，交通工具可包括更多或更少的系统或元件，本申请实施例不做限定。该交通工具可以为轿车、卡车、摩托车、公共汽车、船、飞机、直升飞机、割草机、娱乐车、游乐场车辆、施工设备、电车、高尔夫球车、火车、手 推车等车辆，本申请实施例不做特别的限定。
如图10所示，该交通工具可包括各种子系统，例如传感器系统12、控制系统14、一个或多个外围设备16(图10示意性地绘出了一个)、电源18、计算机系统20和显示系统22。可选地，交通工具还可包括其他功能系统，例如为交通工具提供动力的引擎系统等等，本申请这里不做限定。
如图10所示，传感器系统12可包括若干检测装置，这些检测装置能检测被测量的信息，并将检测到的信息转换为电信号或者其他形式的信息。示意性的，这些检测装置可包括全球定位系统1201(global positioning system，GPS)、车速传感器1202、惯性测量单元1203(inertial measurement unit，IMU)、雷达单元1204、激光测距仪1205、摄像单元1206、轮速传感器1207、转向传感器1208、档位传感器1209，或者其他用于自动检测的元件等，本申请实施例并不做限定。
全球定位系统1201是利用GPS定位卫星，在全球范围内实时进行定位、导航的系统。本申请实施例中，全球定位系统1201可用于实现车辆的实时定位，提供车辆的地理位置信息。
车速传感器1202用于检测车辆的行车车速。
惯性测量单元1203可以包括加速计和陀螺仪的组合，用于测量交通工具的角速率和加速度。例如，在车辆行驶过程中，惯性测量单元1203可基于车辆的惯性加速可测量车身的位置和角度变化等。
雷达单元1204也可称雷达系统。雷达单元1204可以在车辆所处的当前环境中，利用无线信号感测物体。可选地，雷达单元1204还可感测物体的运行速度和行进方向等信息。在实际应用中，雷达单元1204可被配置为用于接收或发送无线信号的一个或多个天线。
激光测距仪1205可利用调制激光实现对目标物体的距离测量。在实际应用中，激光测距仪1205可包括但不限于激光源、激光扫描仪和激光检测器中的任一个或多个的组合。
摄像单元1206用于拍摄影像，例如图像和视频等。在车辆行驶过程中或者摄像单元1206启用后，摄像单元1206可实时采集车辆所处环境中的图像。例如，在车辆进出隧道的过程中，摄像单元1206可实时、连续地采集相应地图像。在实际应用中，摄像单元1206包括但不限于行车记录仪、摄像头、相机或其他用于拍照/摄影的元件等。摄像单元1206的数量本申请实施例不做限定。
轮速传感器1207是用于检测车辆车轮转速的传感器。轮速传感器1207可以包括但不限于磁电式轮速传感器和霍尔式轮速传感器。
转向传感器1208也可称为转角传感器，可用于检测车辆的转向角。在实际应用中，转向传感器1208可用于测量车辆方向盘的转向角度，或者用于测量表示车辆方向盘的转向角的电信号。可选地，转向传感器1208也可用于测量车辆轮胎的转向角度，或者用于测量表示车辆轮胎的转向角的电信号等，本申请实施例并不做限定。也即是，转向传感器1208可用于测量以下中的任一种或多种的组合：方向盘的转向角、表示方向盘的转向角的电信号、车轮(车辆轮胎)的转向角和表示车轮的转向角的电信号等。
档位传感器1209用于检测车辆行驶的当前档位。由于车辆的出厂商不同，则车辆中的档位也可能存在不同。以自动驾驶车辆为例，自动驾驶车辆支持6个档位，分别为：P档、R档、N档、D档、2档及L档。其中，P(parking)档用于停车，它利用车辆的机械装置锁住车辆的制动部分，使车辆不能移动。R(reverse)档，也称为倒档，用于车辆倒车。D(drive)档，也称前进档，用于车辆在道路上行驶。2(secondgear)档也为前进档，用于调整车辆的行驶速度。2档通常可用作车辆上、下斜坡处使用。L(low)档，也称为低速档，用于限定 车辆的行驶速度。例如在下坡道路上，车辆进入L档，使得车辆在下坡时使用发动机动力进行制动，驾驶员不必长时间踩刹车导致刹车片过热而发生危险。
控制系统14可包括若干元件，例如图10示出的转向单元1401、制动单元1402、照明系统1403、自动驾驶系统1404、地图导航系统1405、网络对时系统1406和障碍规避系统1407。示意性的，控制系统14还可包括诸如用于控制车辆行驶速度的油门控制器及发动机控制器等元件，本申请实施例不做限定。
转向单元1401可代表用于调节交通工具的行进方向的系统，其可包括但不限于方向盘，或其他用于调整或控制车辆行进方向的任意器件。
制动单元1402可用于减慢交通工具的行驶速度，也可称为车辆刹车系统。其包括但不限于刹车控制器、减速器或其他用于车辆减速的任意器件等。在实际应用中，制动单元1402可利用摩擦来使车辆轮胎减慢，进而减慢车辆的行驶速度。
照明系统1403用于为车辆提供照明功能或警示功能。例如，在车辆夜间行驶过程中，照明系统1403可启用车辆的前车灯和后车灯，以提供车辆行驶的光照亮度，保证车辆的安全行驶。在实际应用中，照明系统1403包括但不限于前车灯、后车灯、示宽灯以及警示灯等。
自动驾驶系统1404可包括硬件系统和软件系统，用于处理和分析输入该自动驾驶系统1404的数据，以获得控制系统14中各部件的实际控制参数，例如制动单元1402中刹车控制器的期望制动压力及发动机的期望扭矩等等，便于使控制系统14实现相应的控制，保证车辆的安全行驶。示意性的，自动驾驶系统1404可以通过分析数据确定车辆面临的障碍物、车辆所处环境的特征(例如车辆当前行驶所在的车道、道路边界以及即将经过的交通红绿灯)等信息。其中，输入自动驾驶系统1404的数据可以是摄像单元1206采集的图像数据，也可以是传感器系统12中其他元件采集的数据，例如转向传感器1208提供的方向盘转角、轮速传感器1207提供的车轮轮速等等，本申请实施例并不做限定。
地图导航系统1405用于为车辆提供地图信息和导航服务。在实际应用中，地图导航系统1405可根据GPS提供的车辆的定位信息(具体可为车辆的当前位置)和用户输入的目的地址，规划一条最优驾驶路线，例如路程最短或车流量较少的路线等，便于车辆按照该最优驾驶路线进行导航行驶。可选地，地图导航系统1405除了提供导航功能外，还可根据用户实际需求向用户提供或展示相应的地图信息，例如在地图上实时展示车辆当前行驶的路段等，本申请实施例不做限定。
网络对时系统1406(network time system，NTS)用于提供对时服务，以保证车辆的系统当前时间和网络标准时间同步，有利于为车辆提供更为精确地时间信息。在具体实现中，网络对时系统1406可从GPS卫星上获得标准的时间信号，利用该时间信号来同步更新车辆的系统当前时间，保证车辆的系统当前时间和获得的标准时间信号的时间一致。
障碍规避系统1407用于预测车辆行驶过程中可能遇到的障碍物，进而控制车辆绕过或越过障碍物以实现车辆的正常行驶。例如，障碍规避系统1407可利用传感器系统12中各元件采集的数据分析确定车辆行驶道路上可能存在的障碍物。如果该障碍物的尺寸较大，例如为路边的固定建筑物(楼房)等，障碍规避系统1407可控制车辆绕开该障碍物以进行安全行驶。反之，如果该障碍物的尺寸较小，例如为路上的小石头等，障碍规避系统1407可控制车辆越过该障碍物继续向前行驶等。
外围设备16可包括若干元件，例如图10中的通信系统1601、触摸屏1602、用户接口1603、麦克风1604以及扬声器1605等。
通信系统1601用于实现车辆与其他设备之间的网络通信。在实际应用中，通信系统1601 可采用无线通信技术或有线通信技术实现车辆与其他设备之间的网络通信。该有线通信技术可以是指车辆和其他设备之间通过网线或光纤等方式通信。该无线通信技术包括但不限于全球移动通讯系统(global system for mobile communications，GSM)，通用分组无线服务(general packet radio service，GPRS)，码分多址接入(code division multiple access，CDMA)，宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)，时分码分多址(time-division code division multiple access，TD-SCDMA)，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)、无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)(如无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)网络)、蓝牙(bluetooth，BT)、全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GNSS)、调频(frequency modulation，FM)，近距离无线通信技术(near field communication，NFC)以及红外技术(infrared，IR)等。
触摸屏1602可用于检测用户的触控操作指令。例如，用户根据实际需求对触摸屏1602上展示的内容数据进行触控操作，以实现该触控操作对应的功能，例如播放音乐、视频等多媒体文件等。用户接口1603可以为触控面板。
用户接口1603可以是物理按键或者鼠标。用户接口1603还可以是显示屏，用于输出数据，显示图像或数据。示意性的，用户接口1603还可以是属于外围设备范畴中的至少一个设备，例如触摸屏、麦克风和扬声器等。
麦克风1604，也称为话筒、传声器，用于将声音信号转换为电信号。当拨打电话或发送语音信息时，用户靠近麦克风发声，可将声音信号输入到麦克风中。
扬声器1605也称为喇叭，用于将音频电信号转换为声音信号。车辆通过扬声器1605可以收听音乐，或者收听免提通话等。
电源18用于为车辆提供电力或能源，其包括但不限于再充电的锂电池或铅酸电池等。在实际应用中，电源18中的一个或多个电池组件用于提供车辆启动的电能或能量。电源18的种类和材料本申请实施例并不限定。
车辆的若干功能均可以由计算机系统20控制实现。计算机系统20可包括一个或多个处理器2001(图10中以一个处理器为例示出)和存储器2002(也可称为存储装置)。在实际应用中，该存储器2002可以在计算机系统20内部，也可以在计算机系统20外部，例如作为车辆中的缓存等，本申请实施例不做限定。
处理器2001可包括一个或多个通用处理器，例如图形处理器(graphic processing unit，GPU)。处理器2001可用于运行存储器2002中存储的相关程序或程序对应的指令，以实现车辆的相应功能。
存储器2002可以包括易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如RAM；存储器也可以包括非易失性存储器(non-vlatile memory)，例如ROM、快闪存储器(flash memory)、HDD或固态硬盘SSD；存储器2002还可以包括上述种类的存储器的组合。存储器2002可用于存储一组程序代码或程序代码对应的指令，以便于处理器2001调用存储器2002中存储的程序代码或指令以实现车辆的相应功能。该功能包括但不限于图10所示的车辆功能框架示意图中的部分功能或全部功能。本申请实施例中，存储器2002中可存储一组用于车辆控制的程序代码，处理器2001调用该程序代码可控制车辆安全行驶。
示意性的，存储器2002除了存储程序代码或指令之外，还可存储诸如道路地图、驾驶线路、传感器数据等信息。计算机系统20可以结合图10中的其他元件，例如传感器系统12中的传感器、GPS等，实现车辆的相关功能。例如，计算机系统20可基于传感器系统12的数据输入控制车辆的行驶方向或行驶速度等，本申请实施例不做限定。
显示系统22可包括若干元件，例如图10示出的风挡2201，控制器2202和显示装置2203。 控制器2202用于根据用户指令生成图像，并将该图像发送至显示装置2203。显示装置2203可以为上述实施例中的任一个或多个显示装置，如显示装置4、显示装置40、显示装置70等。
风挡2201用于配合显示装置2203以实现显示系统22的光路，以使在驾驶员前方呈现虚像。
需要说明的是，显示系统22中的部分元件的功能也可以由车辆的其它子系统来实现，例如，控制器2202也可以为控制系统14中的元件。
图10以交通工具包括传感器系统12、控制系统14、计算机系统20和显示系统22四个子系统为例，这并非是对本申请实施例的限定。在实际应用中，交通工具可根据不同功能对车辆中的若干元件进行组合，从而得到相应不同功能的子系统。
例如，车辆也可包括电子稳定性系统(electronic stability program，ESP)和电动助力转向系统(electric power steering，EPS)等。其中，ESP系统可由传感器系统12中的部分传感器及控制系统14中的部分元件组成，例如该ESP系统可包括轮速传感器1207、转向传感器1208、横向加速度传感器及控制系统14中涉及的控制单元等。EPS系统可由传感器系统12中的部分传感器、控制系统14中的部分元件及电源18等元件组成，例如该EPS系统中可包括转向传感器1208、控制系统14中涉及的发电机及减速器、蓄电池电源等。
又例如，显示系统22也可以包括外围设备16中的用户接口1603和触摸屏1602等，以实现接收用户指令的功能。
以上是本申请的实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本申请的保护范围。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种显示装置，其特征在于，
    包括壳体、防护罩、第一像源和反射镜；
    所述壳体具有开口，所述防护罩安装于所述壳体并封闭所述开口，所述防护罩与所述壳体围成空间；所述第一像源与所述反射镜均收容于所述空间内；
    所述第一像源用于向所述防护罩出射第一图像光，所述防护罩用于将所述第一像源出射的所述第一图像光反射至所述反射镜，所述反射镜用于将所述第一图像光反射至防护罩，所述防护罩还用于供所述反射镜反射的所述第一图像光透过，以使所述第一图像光传输到所述空间外。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，
    所述防护罩包括罩体与偏振反射元件；
    所述罩体用于供所述第一图像光透过；
    所述偏振反射元件用于将所述第一像源出射的所述第一图像光反射至所述反射镜；
    所述反射镜用于将接收到的所述第一图像光反射至所述偏振反射元件，并改变所述第一图像光的偏振态；
    所述偏振反射元件还用于供所述反射镜反射的所述第一图像光透过，以使所述第一图像光传输到所述空间外。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示装置，其特征在于，
    所述反射镜包括第一反射镜和第二反射镜；
    所述第一反射镜用于将接收到的所述第一图像光反射至所述第二反射镜，所述第二反射镜用于将所述第一反射镜反射的所述第一图像光反射至所述偏振反射元件，其中，所述第一反射镜或者所述第二反射镜还用于改变所述第一图像光的偏振态。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的显示装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一反射镜或者所述第二反射镜包括反射镜本体与第一偏振转换元件，所述第一偏振转换元件设于所述反射镜本体的反射侧；
    所述第一偏振转换元件用于透过所述第一图像光并改变所述第一图像光的偏振态；所述反射镜本体用于反射来自所述第一偏振转换元件的所述第一图像光。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的显示装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二反射镜包括曲面反射镜。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，
    所述防护罩包括罩体、偏振反射元件和第二偏振转换元件，所述罩体用于供所述第一图像光透过；
    所述第二偏振转换元件用于透过所述第一像源出射的所述第一图像光，并改变所述第一图像光的偏振态，且使所述第一图像光射向所述偏振反射元件；所述偏振反射元件用于将来自所述第二偏振转换元件的所述第一图像光反射至所述第二偏振转换元件；所述第二偏振转换元件还用于透过所述偏振反射元件反射的所述第一图像光，并改变所述第一图像光的偏振态，且使所述第一图像光射向所述反射镜；
    所述第二偏振转换元件还用于透过所述反射镜反射的所述第一图像光，并改变所述第一 图像光的偏振态，且使所述第一图像光射向所述偏振反射元件；所述偏振反射元件还用于供来自所述第二偏振转换元件的所述第一图像光透过，以使所述第一图像光传输到所述空间外。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一像源包括图像生成单元与第三偏振转换元件，所述第三偏振转换元件设于所述图像生成单元的出光侧；
    所述图像生成单元用于向所述第三偏振转换元件出射所述第一图像光；所述第三偏振转换元件用于透过所述图像生成单元出射的所述第一图像光，并改变所述第一图像光的偏振态，且使所述第一图像光射向所述防护罩。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的显示装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二偏振转换元件贴附于所述偏振反射元件。
  9. 根据权利要求6或8所述的显示装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二偏振转换元件包括1/4波片。
  10. 根据权利要求2-6、8、9任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于，
    所述偏振反射元件贴附于所述罩体。
  11. 根据权利要求2-6、8、9、10任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于，
    所述偏振反射元件包括双亮度增强膜。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一像源位于所述反射镜与所述防护罩之间。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于，
    所述显示装置包括第二像源，所述第二像源位于所述空间内，所述第二像源用于向所述反射镜出射第二图像光；
    所述反射镜还用于将所述第二像源出射的所述第二图像光反射至所述防护罩；所述防护罩还用于供所述反射镜反射的所述第二图像光透过，以使所述第二图像光传输到所述空间外。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的显示装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二像源位于所述第一像源与所述防护罩之间。
  15. 一种交通工具，其特征在于，
    包括风挡和权利要求1-14任一项所述的显示装置，所述风挡用于将所述显示装置出射的图像光反射至人眼。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的交通工具，其特征在于，
    所述交通工具包括遮光板，所述遮光板设于显示装置与所述风挡之间，所述遮光板用于遮挡所述风挡透射的太阳光。
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