WO2023234152A1

WO2023234152A1 - Superabrasive wheel and processing method using same

Info

Publication number: WO2023234152A1
Application number: PCT/JP2023/019413
Authority: WO
Inventors: 紀仁徳井; 克己竹林
Original assignee: 株式会社ヤマトマテリアル; 株式会社サクラ・アイ・ディー
Priority date: 2022-05-31
Filing date: 2023-05-25
Publication date: 2023-12-07

Abstract

This superabrasive wheel comprises: a polishing surface which is disposed on the grinding surface of the superabrasive wheel and has a polishing layer including superabrasives; and a dressing surface which is disposed on the grinding surface of the superabrasive wheel and has a dressing layer formed of a material including a dressing function, wherein the area of the polishing surface is smaller than the area of the dressing surface.

Description

Super abrasive wheel and processing method using this super abrasive wheel

The present disclosure relates to a superabrasive wheel and a processing method using the superabrasive wheel.

Conventionally, superabrasive wheels have been known that have a grinding layer containing superabrasive grains and a dressing layer that discharges and dresses the abrasive grains and chips generated when a workpiece is ground or polished by the grinding layer (for example, a patent (See Reference 1).

JP2008-142796

Patent Document 1 discloses a superabrasive wheel used for grinding hard metals such as iron. Therefore, the area of the grinding surface including the grinding layer is larger than the area of the dressing surface including the dressing layer. However, Patent Document 1 does not disclose a superabrasive wheel suitable for soft metals.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a superabrasive wheel suitable for grinding and polishing soft metals and a processing method using this superabrasive wheel.

A superabrasive wheel according to the present disclosure includes a grinding surface that is arranged on an abrasive surface of the superabrasive wheel and has a grinding layer containing superabrasive grains, and a material that is arranged on the abrasive surface of the superabrasive wheel and that includes a dressing function. It has a dressing function with a dressing layer formed by. The area of the grinding surface is smaller than the area of the dressing surface.

Further, in the processing method using the above-mentioned superabrasive wheel according to the present disclosure, a workpiece formed of a soft metal material is prepared, a superabrasive wheel is installed, and the superabrasive wheel is rotated while being applied to the workpiece. The workpiece is polished while being ground by alternately applying the grinding surface and dressing surface.

When grinding and polishing soft metals at the same time using such a superabrasive wheel, the superabrasive layer is more likely to become clogged than when processing hard metals. However, according to this superabrasive wheel and the processing method using this superabrasive wheel, since the grinding surface is smaller than the dressing surface, the abrasive grains and chips discharged from the grinding layer containing superabrasive grains are transferred to the dressing layer. The abrasive grains allow for good discharge.

According to the present disclosure, a superabrasive wheel suitable for grinding and polishing soft metals and a processing method using this superabrasive wheel can be provided.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a superabrasive wheel according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. AA sectional view of FIG. 1. A diagram showing a processing method. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a grinding surface of a superabrasive wheel according to a second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a grinding surface of a superabrasive wheel according to a third embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a grinding surface of a superabrasive wheel according to a fourth embodiment. BB sectional view of FIG. 6.

<First embodiment>
Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the superabrasive wheel 1 includes a grinding surface 2 disposed on an abrasive surface 10 and a dressing surface 4. The superabrasive wheel 1 is a composite grindstone that comes into contact with the workpiece W and performs grinding and polishing at the same time. The superabrasive wheel 1 of this embodiment particularly grinds and polishes the flange surface of a workpiece W formed of a soft metal such as aluminum.

The superabrasive wheel 1 is attached to a grindstone shaft 12 that can be rotated around an axis O of a grindstone head 11. The superabrasive wheel 1 attached to the grindstone shaft 12 comes into contact with the work W fixed to the support device 13 while the abrasive surface 10 of the superabrasive wheel 1 rotates together with the grindstone shaft 12 .

The superabrasive wheel 1 has a disk shape with a circular bottom surface, and the abrasive surface 10 is arranged on the bottom surface of the superabrasive wheel 1. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the abrasive surface 10 may be arranged on the side surface of the superabrasive wheel 1.

In this embodiment, the abrasive surface 10 of the superabrasive wheel 1 is formed in an annular shape centered on the axis O, and the distance between the inner diameter R1 and the outer diameter R2 is approximately 10 mm to 30 mm. The distance between the inner diameter R1 and the outer diameter R2 can be changed in various ways based on the size of the workpiece W and the required grinding and polishing conditions. Further, in this embodiment, a superabrasive wheel 1 including an annular abrasive surface 10 will be described, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. That is, the abrasive surface 10 may be provided on the circumferential surface of the superabrasive wheel 1 formed in a cylindrical shape, or may be provided with a curved surface.

The grinding surface 2 is arranged on the grinding surface 10 of the superabrasive wheel 1 and has a grinding layer 21 containing superabrasive grains. The grinding surface 2 is formed containing superabrasive grains. Specifically, the grinding surface 2 is formed by firing CBN (cubic boron nitride) abrasive grains, diamond abrasive grains, etc. together with a binder. In this embodiment, the grinding surface 2 is formed including CBN abrasive grains. Specifically, the grinding surface 2 includes CBN abrasive grains connected with a binder therein and pores formed between the CBN abrasive grains. When the superabrasive wheel 1 contacts the work W while rotating around the axis O, the superabrasive grains on the surface of the grinding surface 2 sequentially fall off while grinding and polishing the work W.

The grinding surface 2 includes a plurality of grinding layers 21 that extend radially outward from the axis O. The grinding layer 21 has a linear shape that crosses the abrasive surface 10 from the inner diameter R1 to the outer diameter R2. As shown with dots in FIG. 1, a plurality of grinding layers 21 are regularly arranged on the abrasive surface 10 at predetermined angles or intervals. In this embodiment, the grinding layers 21 are regularly arranged at angles of 10 degrees around the axis O. That is, the grinding surface 2 consists of 36 grinding layers 21 in total. Further, the grinding layer 21 is formed with a size of about 1 mm to 5 mm in the circumferential direction of the abrasive surface 10.

The dressing surface 4 is arranged on the abrasive surface 10 of the superabrasive wheel 1 and has a dressing layer 41. The dressing layer 41 is formed of a porous brittle material that has a dressing function for the grindstone. Specifically, the dressing layer 41 is a porous brittle material formed by firing a silicon carbide-based abrasive material or an aluminum dioxide-based abrasive material together with a binder. As a result, when the superabrasive wheel 1 contacts the workpiece W while rotating around the axis O, the dressing layer 41 causes the superabrasive grains that have fallen off from the grinding surface 2 and the grinding surface 2 to become attached to the ground and polished workpiece W. It is continually destroyed and worn out while enveloping the facets and chips.

The dressing layer 41 is provided between the two adjacent grinding layers 21 on the grinding surface 2 described above. That is, the dressing surface 4 includes a plurality of dressing layers 41. Therefore, on the abrasive surface 10, the grinding surfaces 2 and the dressing surfaces 4 are arranged alternately. Thereby, when the superabrasive wheel 1 contacts the work W while rotating around the axis O, the grinding surface 2 and the dressing surface 4 can alternately contact the work W on the contact surface.

The grinding surface 2 and the dressing surface 4 are provided so that the area occupied by the grinding surface 2 is smaller than the area occupied by the dressing surface 4 on the abrasive surface 10. In this embodiment, the grinding layer 21 is formed with a size of about 1 mm to 5 mm in the circumferential direction of the abrasive surface 10, whereas the dressing layer 41 is about 5 to 10 times the size of the grinding layer 21. is formed. For this reason, the grinding layers 21 are regularly provided on the abrasive surface 10 in the form of thin stripes, and the dressing layer 41 is provided so as to fill in the gaps between them. As a result, in the entire abrasive surface 10, the proportion occupied by the grinding surface 2 is smaller than the proportion occupied by the dressing surface 4. The area ratio of the grinding surface 2 and the dressing surface 4 may be varied as long as the grinding surface 2 is smaller than the dressing surface 4, and can be varied within this range.

Next, a processing method using the superabrasive wheel 1 will be explained using FIG. 3. In the processing method of this embodiment, grinding and polishing are simultaneously performed on the surface of the workpiece W formed of aluminum, which is a soft metal material.

First, a work W made of aluminum, which is a soft metal material, is prepared and fixed to the support device 13. At this time, the workpiece W is arranged so that the processed surface W1, which is the surface to be subjected to grinding and polishing, faces upward U.

Next, the superabrasive wheel 1 is installed on the grindstone head 11. Specifically, the superabrasive wheel 1 is attached to the grindstone shaft 12 so that the central axis of the superabrasive wheel 1 coincides with the axis O of the grindstone head 11. Thereby, the superabrasive wheel 1 can rotate around the axis O of the grindstone head 11. At this time, the superabrasive wheel 1 is arranged so that the abrasive surface 10 faces downward D. That is, the abrasive surface 10 of the superabrasive wheel 1 is arranged to face the processed surface W1 of the workpiece W.

The superabrasive wheel 1 and the workpiece W may be installed in such a way that the abrasive surface 10 and the processed surface W1 of the workpiece W face each other. The present invention is not limited to this, and the arrangement of the superabrasive wheel 1 and the processed surface W1 of the workpiece W can be changed in various ways.

Next, the superabrasive wheel 1 attached to the grindstone shaft 12 is rotated, and the abrasive surface 10 is brought into contact with the processed surface W1 of the workpiece W. Specifically, by rotating the grindstone shaft 12 by an actuator (not shown), the superabrasive wheel 1 is rotated together with the grindstone shaft 12, and the grinding surface 2 and the dressing surface 4 are brought into contact with the processing surface W1 of the workpiece W. . At this time, since the grinding layers 21 and the dressing layers 41 are alternately arranged on the abrasive surface 10, the grinding layers 21 and the dressing layers 41 alternately come into contact with the processed surface W1 of the workpiece W. Thereby, the superabrasive wheel 1 polishes the workpiece W while grinding it.

On the abrasive surface 10 of the superabrasive wheel 1, the grinding layer 21 of the grinding surface 2 and the dressing layer 41 of the dressing surface 4 are arranged alternately and regularly. Therefore, when the superabrasive wheel 1 rotates together with the grindstone shaft 12 at a constant rotation speed, the grinding layer 21 of the grinding surface 2 and the dressing layer 41 of the dressing surface 4 alternately contact the machined surface W1 of the workpiece W. . As a result, the superabrasive grains included in the grinding layer 21 simultaneously grind and polish the processed surface W1 of the workpiece W. Furthermore, the dressing layer 41 collects the superabrasive grains and binder that have fallen off from the grinding layer 21 during machining, and the chips and chips (hereinafter referred to as residue) discharged from the workpiece W on the abrasive surface 10 and the machining surface W1. Immediately remove from between. Thereby, the dressing layer 41 can prevent facets and chips discharged from the work W from adhering to the grinding layer 21 from clogging.

In the superabrasive wheel 1, the area occupied by the grinding surface 2 is smaller than the area occupied by the dressing surface 4. Therefore, when the superabrasive wheel 1 rotates together with the grinding wheel shaft 12 at a constant rotational speed, after the grinding layer 21 of the grinding surface 2 grinds and polishes the workpiece W, the dressing layer 41 of the dressing surface 4 is removed from the workpiece W. Ejected chips and chips can be sufficiently removed. Thereby, the time required for the step of dressing the superabrasive wheel 1 with a separate dressing tool and eliminating clogging of the grinding surface 2 can be reduced. As a result, the processing efficiency of the workpiece W by the superabrasive wheel 1 can be improved.

<Second embodiment>
Next, the superabrasive wheel 201 of the second embodiment will be explained using FIG. 4. As shown with dots in FIG. 4, in the superabrasive wheel 201 of this embodiment, the shape of the grinding surface 202 provided on the abrasive surface 210 is formed by a plurality of circular grinding layers 221. The circular grinding layers 221 are evenly arranged on the grinding surface 210 at regular intervals. One grinding layer 221 is formed so that its diameter is smaller than the distance between the inner diameter R1 and outer diameter R2 of the abrasive surface 210. Furthermore, the dressing surface 204 is placed at a location other than where the grinding layer 221 is placed.

<Third embodiment>
Next, a superabrasive wheel 301 according to a third embodiment will be described using FIG. 5. In the superabrasive wheel 301 of this embodiment, the shape of the grinding surface 302 provided on the abrasive surface 310 is formed by a plurality of wedge-shaped grinding layers 321. The grinding layer 321 is wedge-shaped and arranged along the circumferential direction of the superabrasive wheel 301, and is arranged so that its tip coincides with the rotational direction of the superabrasive wheel 301. Furthermore, the dressing surface 304 is placed at a location other than where the grinding layer 321 is placed.

<Fourth embodiment>
Next, a superabrasive wheel 401 according to a fourth embodiment will be described using FIGS. 6 and 7. Superabrasive wheel 401 includes a grinding surface 402 and a dressing surface 404.

The grinding surface 402 has a grinding layer 421 arranged on the abrasive surface 410 (see FIG. 7). The grinding surface 402 of this embodiment has 16 grinding layers 421.

As shown in FIG. 6, the dressing surface 404 is arranged on the abrasive surface 410 of the superabrasive wheel 401. Dressing surface 404 is provided between adjacent grinding layers 421 of grinding surface 402 .

The dressing surface 404 includes a dressing layer 441 and a brush portion 442. The number of dressing layers 441 is greater than the number of brush parts 442. The dressing surface 404 of this embodiment has 12 dressing layers 441 and 4 brush parts 442.

The dressing layer 441 and the brush portion 442 are regularly arranged along the circumferential direction of the superabrasive wheel 401. In this embodiment, one brush part 442 is arranged after three consecutive dressing layers 441.

The dressing layer 441 is formed of a porous brittle material, similar to the dressing layers 41 (242, 342) of the first to third embodiments of the present disclosure.

As shown in FIG. 7, the brush portion 442 is a resin brush made by bundling resin linear members. The resin linear member of this embodiment is formed by kneading metal or abrasive material. The linear members forming the brush portion 442 are bundled so that the side disposed on the abrasive surface 410 is the root.

The brush portion 442 of this embodiment is formed in a cylindrical shape with a diameter r1. The diameter r is smaller than the difference between the inner diameter R1 and the outer diameter R2 of the superabrasive wheel 401. The brush portion 442 is not limited to this, and may be formed in various shapes such as a prismatic shape.

The brush portion 442 is arranged with a gap provided between adjacent grinding layers 421. In this embodiment, they are arranged so that the distances from adjacent grinding layers 421 are equal.

The top surface 442a of the brush portion 442 is arranged to be aligned with the grinding layer 421 of the grinding surface 402 and the dressing layer 441 of the dressing surface 404 in the height direction (arrow Z direction in FIG. 7).

When grinding a workpiece W (see FIG. 3) using the superabrasive wheel 401 of this embodiment, the grinding surface 402 and the dressing surface 404 alternately contact the workpiece W. In this embodiment, the dressing layer 441 and the brush portion 442 of the dressing surface 404 remove the residue on the processing surface W1 of the workpiece W.

When the superabrasive wheel 401 comes into contact with the processing surface W1 of the workpiece W, the vicinity of the top surface 442a of the brush portion 442 receives a reaction force along the rotational direction of the superabrasive wheel 401. As a result, the vicinity of the top surface 442a of the brush portion 442 is deformed so as to bend along the rotational direction of the superabrasive wheel 401. Thereby, the brush portion 442 can efficiently scrape out the residue on the processing surface W1 of the workpiece W.

Furthermore, the residue scraped out by the brush part 442 is discharged from the contact point between the workpiece W and the superabrasive wheel 401 through the gap between the brush part 442 and the grinding layer 421 adjacent to the brush part 442. Therefore, the superabrasive wheel 401 can efficiently discharge the residue.

As explained above, according to the

superabrasive wheel

1, 201, 301, 401 and the processing method using the

superabrasive wheel

1, 201, 301, 401 of the present disclosure, when grinding or polishing soft metal, The grinding surface 2 containing superabrasive grains and the dressing surfaces 4, 204, 304, 404 alternately contact the processed surface W1 of the workpiece W. As a result, the workpiece W is quickly ground or polished by the grinding

surfaces

2, 202, 302, and 402, and the dressing surfaces 4, 204, 304, and 404 are used to connect the grinding surfaces 10, 210, 310, and 410 to the processed surface W1 of the workpiece W. Faces and chips can be quickly removed from the gaps. Furthermore, since the grinding

surface

2, 202, 302, 402 is smaller than the dressing

surface

4, 204, 304, 404, the abrasive grains and chips discharged from the grinding

layer

21, 221, 321, 421 containing super abrasive grains are dressed. The layers 41, 241, 341, 441 and the brush portion 442 allow for good discharge.

<Other embodiments>
Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the invention.

1 (201, 301, 401): Super abrasive wheel 10: Abrasive surface W: Workpiece 2 (202, 302, 402): Grinding surface 21 (221, 321, 421): Grinding layer 4 (204, 304, 404) : Dressing surface 41 (241, 341, 441): Dressing layer 442: Brush part

Claims

a grinding surface disposed on the abrasive surface of the superabrasive wheel and having a grinding layer containing superabrasive particles;
a dressing surface having a dressing layer disposed on the abrasive surface of the superabrasive wheel and formed of a material including a dressing function;
Equipped with
the area of the grinding surface is smaller than the area of the dressing surface;
Super abrasive wheel.
The superabrasive wheel is disk-shaped, and the grinding layer and the dressing layer are arranged around the bottom surface of the disk or on the side surface of the disk.
A superabrasive wheel according to claim 1.
The grinding surface and the dressing surface are alternately arranged on the abrasive surface,
The superabrasive wheel according to claim 2.
The dressing surface has a brush portion made of a bundle of linear members made of resin.
A superabrasive wheel according to claim 1.
Prepare a workpiece made of soft metal material,
installing the superabrasive wheel;
Polishing the workpiece while rotating the superabrasive wheel while alternately applying the grinding surface and the dressing surface to the workpiece;
A processing method using the superabrasive wheel according to claims 1 to 4.