JP2000301468A - Grinding wheel for grinding and grinding wheel for vertical line grinding - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance grinding efficiency. SOLUTION: Grinding wheel holders 27 are circumferentially mounted to an approximately ring-like grinding stone flange 20 at a predetermined space. A ring-like concave portion 35 is formed on a disc-like flange of the grinding wheel holder 27 and an approximately circular grinding wheel 36 of which a curvature is smaller than that of the grinding wheel flange 20 is installed and is constituted by superposing an abrasive grain layer 38 in which a resin bond grinding wheel 39 divided in a longitudinal direction and a metal bond grinding wheel 40 are combined on a base metal. A curved convex portion of the resin bond grinding wheel 39 is positioned at an outer periphery side of the grinding wheel flange 20. A metal bonding phase of the metal bond grinding wheel 40 can be destroyed at a micron unit by dispersing a deposition particle comprising an intermetallic compound in the organ to enhance an autogenous blade-generation effect.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grinding wheel and a vertical grinding wheel used for grinding various materials such as steel for molds.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a surface is ground with a horizontal axis surface grinder using, for example, mold steel as a work material, the grinding is performed, for example, as shown in FIG. That is, the annular grindstone 1 is arranged such that a rotation axis (not shown) coaxial with the center line O is parallel to the grinding surface 2a of the work material 2, and the outer periphery of the grindstone 1 rotating around the rotation axis. The ground surface 2a of the workpiece 2 fed in the direction of arrow E on the surface 1a is subjected to surface grinding. In the case of horizontal axis surface grinding, since the outer peripheral surface 1a of the grindstone 1 comes into line contact in a direction substantially orthogonal to the feed direction of the work material 2, scratches on the grinding surface 2a during grinding occur in one direction. Processing surface 2a
This has the advantage that the grinding accuracy is good and the vibration during grinding is small. However, in the horizontal axis surface grinding, since the grinding wheel 1 and the work material 2 are in line contact, there is a disadvantage that the grinding area is small and a large amount of grinding cannot be efficiently performed.

On the other hand, in vertical axis surface grinding,
As shown in FIG. 11, a base 4 for supporting a substantially cylindrical grindstone 3
The rotating shaft 5 of the longitudinal plane grinding machine provided in the vertical direction is located in a direction substantially perpendicular to the grinding surface 2a of the work material 2, and the annular tip surface 3a of the grindstone 3 along the rotation of the rotating shaft 5 Grinds the ground surface 2a of the work material 2 while rotating. In the case of the vertical axis surface grinding, since the tip end surface 3a of the grindstone 3 comes into surface contact with the ground surface 2a of the workpiece 2, the machining amount per unit time is larger than that of the horizontal axis surface grinding. Although a large amount of processing can be performed, there is a disadvantage that the grinding resistance is large, the vibration and heat generation during the grinding are large, the abrasive grains are easy to fall off, and the grinding wheel 3 is greatly damaged, so that the life of the grinding wheel 3 is extremely short. is there. In addition, there is a disadvantage that a mesh-like scratch is generated on the ground surface 2a during grinding, and the appearance of the processed surface is poor.

[0004] An example of the grinding of, for example, die steel using such a grindstone for vertical axis surface grinding will be described below.
Generally, a general abrasive wheel (hereinafter, referred to as a general wheel) is used for vertical surface grinding of mold steel. For example, FIG.
As shown in the figure, a plurality of recesses are formed on the surface 7a of the disk-shaped stage 7 for supporting the work material along the peripheral surface thereof, and mold steel 8 is mounted in each of the recesses to form a ring. Are arranged. The base metal 9 of the grindstone flange 10 for grinding the die steel 8 on the stage 7 has, for example, a substantially disk shape, and its outer peripheral surface 9a has a substantially square cross section at a predetermined interval as shown in FIG. Are cut in the center direction to form storage recesses 11. Each storage recess 11 is formed in a substantially quadrangular prism shape having openings on the outer peripheral surface 9a and upper and lower surfaces.
A rectangular column-shaped grindstone 12 having a substantially quadrangular prism shape as shown in FIG. 14 is fitted into each of the storage concave portions 11, and a belt 13 is mounted on the outer peripheral surface 9 a of the base metal 9, and two adjacent storage concave portions are formed. Each square column grindstone 12 is fixed in the accommodation recess 11 by screwing a bolt 15 through a hole of the belt 13 to the projection 14 located between the 11 and 11.

[0005] When the die steel 8 on the stage 7 is subjected to surface grinding using the grinding wheel flange 10 as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, the grinding wheel 10 is rotated about the center thereof as a rotation axis, for example, in the direction of arrow F. The surface of the die steel 8 is ground by the front end surface 12a of the square pole grinding stone 12 protruding from the upper and lower surfaces of the flange 10. In this case, since the tip end surface 12a of the square pillar grinding wheel 12 and the surface of the mold steel 8 are in surface contact, grinding of the mold steel 8 can be performed efficiently and in large quantities. FIG. 15 shows an example of the same kind of grinding wheel flange 16. The grinding wheel flange 16 has a storage recess 17 having a substantially triangular prism shape having a substantially triangular cross section, instead of the square pillar-shaped storage recess 11, and a substantially triangular prism grindstone having a substantially triangular prism shape shown in FIG. 18 is mounted and fixed by the belt 13 and the bolt 15.

By the way, the quadrangular column grindstone 12 and the triangular column grindstone 1 of the grindstone flanges 10 and 16 used for such vertical axis grinding are used.
In No. 8, general abrasive grains such as Al ₂ O ₃ , SiC and GC are used, and a glassy bond usually called a vitrified bond is used as a binder phase. Although this vitrified bond grindstone has good wettability with the grindstone, it has a drawback that it is weak to impact and abrasion of the grindstone increases with the progress of grinding. For this reason, grinding has been performed while giving an impact to the grindstone in order to promote the self-generated blade action. In the case of the horizontal axis grinding, since the grindstone 1 and the work material 2 are in line contact, the stress generated during the grinding is, as shown in FIG. 10, from the contact point between the grindstone 1 and the work material 2 in the radial direction of the grindstone 1, Direction S perpendicular to surface 2a of work material 2
1, but in the case of vertical axis grinding, a direction S parallel to a direction S1 perpendicular to the surface 2a of the workpiece 2 as shown in FIG.
2, the force applied to the abrasive grains of the grindstones 12 and 18 is about twice that in the case of horizontal axis grinding.

In this case, when super-abrasive grains such as diamond and CBN having a large grinding force are used as the abrasive grains, the amount of chips generated is further increased. There is a disadvantage that the life is further shortened. In this regard, since the general abrasive has a smaller grinding amount than the superabrasive, a general grindstone is usually used as a grindstone for vertical grinding in order to secure the durability of the grindstone. still,
If a metal bond whetstone is used instead of a vitrified bond whetstone as a grinding wheel for vertical axis grinding, even if a superabrasive is used instead of a general abrasive as an abrasive, the wear resistance and rigidity of the metal bonding phase are high. Even if the amount of chips increases due to an increase in the amount of grinding, the wear of the metal bonding phase can be suppressed. However, for example, when the work material is a hard and brittle material such as mold steel 8, the metal bonding phase is hard. In addition, as the abrasive grains wear, the metal binder phase recedes, and the so-called autogenous cutting action of maintaining the projection amount of the abrasive grains at or above a certain level is poor, so that the sharpness deteriorates relatively early and the grinding accuracy deteriorates. Therefore, super-abrasive grains cannot be used as abrasive grains for vertical axis grinding, and metal bond grindstones cannot be used. Therefore, the above-mentioned disadvantage that the life of the grindstone is short cannot be improved.

[0008]

By the way, the die steel 8 was ground by using a vitrified bond grindstone in which general abrasive grains are dispersed in a square pole grindstone 12 or a triangular prism grindstone 18 used for the above-mentioned grindstone flanges 10 and 16. In case, whetstone 12,
18 wears out in a short period of time.
It was necessary to adjust the amount of protrusion of 2, 18 and replace the grindstone, which was extremely complicated and poor in productivity. In addition, as described above, with a vitrified bond grinding wheel using general abrasive grains, a band 1
3 has to be removed and all the grinding wheels 12, 18 having different grinding accuracy must be replaced, which also has the disadvantage that it is complicated and time-consuming. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a grinding wheel and a vertical axis grinding wheel that can continuously perform grinding with different grinding accuracy.

[0009]

According to the present invention, there is provided a grinding wheel according to the present invention, in which a first grinding wheel having a high spontaneous cutting action and a metal bond grinding wheel are arranged along the grinding direction, and a first grinding wheel is provided at a leading end side in the grinding direction. Characterized in that a whetstone is located. When grinding the work material, rough grinding is performed with the first grindstone located on the tip side, and then rough grinding and finish grinding are performed with the metal bond grindstone with high grinding accuracy following the first grindstone. Are performed continuously, and the grinding efficiency is good. In addition, by first grinding with a first grinding stone that has a higher autogenous cutting action than a metal bond grinding stone, sagging of the work material and chipping of the grinding stone can be prevented, and surface roughness and accuracy can be improved. Subsequent metal bond grinding wheels can improve grinding accuracy and suppress wear. In addition, as the first whetstone with higher spontaneous cutting action than metal bond whetstone, resin bond whetstone,
General whetstones are preferred.

The vertical grinding wheel according to the present invention is a vertical grinding wheel having a grinding wheel attached along an outer peripheral surface of a substantially circular grinding wheel flange, wherein the grinding wheel has a high spontaneous cutting action. A grindstone and a metal bond grindstone are arranged along the grinding direction, and the first grindstone is located on the tip side in the grinding direction. In vertical axis grinding, rough grinding is performed with the first grinding wheel located on the tip side, and then rough grinding and finish grinding are continuously performed by finish grinding with a metal bond grinding wheel with good grinding accuracy, and the grinding efficiency is improved. Is good. In addition, by first grinding with a first grindstone that has a higher autogenous cutting action than a metal bond grindstone, sagging of the work material and chipping of the grindstone can be prevented, and surface roughness and accuracy can be improved. Subsequent metal-bonded grinding stones can improve grinding accuracy and suppress wear. In addition, as a first grindstone having a higher spontaneous cutting action than a metal bond grindstone, a resin bond grindstone, a general grindstone, and the like are preferable.

The grinding wheel is formed in a substantially arc shape having a radius of curvature smaller than the radius of curvature of the grinding wheel flange, and the curved convex portion is located on the outer peripheral surface side of the grinding wheel flange. One grindstone may be provided. When grinding with a grinding wheel flange, the contact area of the grinding wheel with the edge is small to start grinding the edge of the work material from the curved convex part of the approximately arc-shaped grinding wheel, so that the edge of the grinding wheel can be suppressed and the grinding wheel can be suppressed. Are formed in a substantially arc shape, so that scratches and the like are not easily formed on the processed surface.

[0012] In the metal bond grindstone, super-abrasive grains may be dispersed in a metal binder phase, and precipitate particles composed of an intermetallic compound may be dispersed in the structure of the metal binder phase. By forming the precipitate particles dispersed in the metal binder phase, the wear resistance and rigidity of the metal binder phase as a whole are kept high, and unnecessary wear and shape deformation of the grinding wheel are suppressed to a small extent. Nevertheless, on the surface of the metal bonded phase, microscopic disintegration in units of precipitate particles is likely to occur, and the metal bonded phase will be disintegrated at an appropriate speed with abrasive wear, Since the spontaneous cutting action of the abrasive grains is improved, it is possible to obtain good sharpness over a long period of time as compared with a conventional metal-bonded grindstone, and high grinding accuracy is obtained. Although the durability is shorter than that of a conventional metal bond grinding wheel, the durability is higher than that of a vitrified bond grinding wheel. Further, the work material is less likely to be welded to the grindstone grinding surface during grinding, so that clogging due to welding can be reduced, and from this point, an effect of maintaining good sharpness can be obtained.

The metal-bonded grindstone according to the present invention has super-abrasive grains such as diamond or CBN dispersed in a metal-bonded phase, and the metal-bonded phase is one or two selected from Sn, Zn, and Al. 20 or more kinds of low melting point metal A in total
２５25 wt%, a total of 1-6 wt% of one or two IVb group elements B selected from Si or Ge, 0-15 wt% of Ag, and selected from Cu, W, Fe, Ni, Co Precipitate particles composed of an intermetallic compound containing one or more refractory metals C as a balance and containing the remnant metals C and low-melting metals A as main constituent elements are dispersed therein. May be configured.
Further, another configuration of the metal bond grinding wheel according to the present invention is such that superabrasive grains such as diamond or CBN are dispersed in a metal binder phase, and the metal binder phase contains 20 to 25 wt% of Sn,
Ge is 1 to 6 wt%, Ag is 0 to 15 wt%, and C is
Precipitate particles containing an intermetallic compound containing Cu and Sn as main constituent elements may be dispersed in the structure containing u as the rest. Incidentally, the intermetallic compound may be Cu ₄ Sn. Ag of the metal binding phase
The content (wt%) may be 3 to 5 times the Ge content (wt%). The content of the precipitate particles in the metal binding phase, the area ratio of the precipitate particles on the cut surface of the abrasive layer is 5 to
It is preferably 15%. If it is less than 5%, the effect cannot be obtained, and if it is more than 15%, the metal binding phase becomes too hard, and the spontaneous cutting action decreases.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is a plan view of a grindstone flange according to the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a central longitudinal sectional view of the grindstone flange shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a grindstone holder part of the grindstone flange shown in FIG. 5 is a plan view of the grindstone holder, FIG. 5 shows the grindstone holder, (a) is a side view, and (b)
Is a sectional view of a tip corner of the abrasive layer, (c) is a sectional view of a tip corner of the abrasive layer according to a modification, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a grindstone mounted on a grindstone holder. The grinding wheel flange 20 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is mounted on a longitudinal plane grinding machine (not shown), and a main body 21 of the grinding wheel flange 20 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape in a longitudinal cross section and has a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction. A plurality (12 in FIG. 1) of substantially cylindrical concave grooves 22 are formed. The main body 21 having an annular shape has its center line O coincident with the rotation axis of the above-described vertical surface grinding machine, and can be rotationally ground around the center line O. And the concave groove 22 of the main body 21
Is formed on the upper surface 21a, and a screw hole 23 communicating with the bottom surface 22a of the concave groove 22 is formed in a lower surface 21b facing the upper surface 21a. In the screw hole 23, for example, a headless adjustment screw 24 is adjusted. It is screwed so as to be able to advance and retreat as a member. The outer peripheral surface 21c of the main body 21 is provided on the side surface of the concave groove 22.
A plurality (two in the figure) of fixing screw holes 25 communicating with the holes are drilled along the depth direction of the concave groove 22, but may be one.

A grindstone holder 27 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is detachably mounted in each groove 22 of the main body 21. In FIG. 2, one of the grindstone holders 27 is omitted. The grindstone holder 27 includes a shaft portion 28 that is inserted into the groove 22 and a disk-shaped flange portion 29 that is enlarged in diameter with respect to the shaft portion 28 and that is seated on the upper surface 21a. In the figure, one or more (two in the figure) concave ring grooves 30 are formed over the entire circumference, and the plural concave ring grooves 30 are arranged to be shifted in the length direction of the shaft portion 28. . With the shaft 28 of the grindstone holder 27 fitted in the concave groove 22,
The concave annular grooves 30, 30 are located to face the fixing screw holes 25, 25, respectively (see FIG. 3). Whetstone holder 2
The flange 29 has a through hole 31 at the center thereof, and communicates coaxially with a screw hole 32 drilled at the upper end of the shaft 28, and a recess 29 a at the center of the lower surface of the flange 29.
The screw 28 is screwed into the screw hole 32 of the shaft 28 through the insertion hole 31 in a state where the shaft 28 is fitted to the shaft 28, so that the shaft 28 and the flange 29 are connected.
Both may be formed integrally.

With the shaft portion 28 of the grindstone holder 27 fitted in the concave groove 22 of the main body 21, the outer peripheral surface 21c of the main body 21 is
By screwing a headless push screw 26 as a fixing member into the fixing screw hole 25 and pressing the concave ring groove 30 of the shaft portion 28 at the tip end, the grindstone holder 27 is firmly fixed to the main body 21. . The outer diameter of the tip of the push screw 26 is set to be smaller than the width of the concave ring groove 30, and even if the shaft portion 28 is adjusted in its length direction, the concave ring groove 30 by the push screw 26 is used.
Is securely fixed. It is to be noted that if fine irregularities are formed at the tip of the push screw 26, the fixing of the shaft portion 28 becomes more reliable. Next, a concentric ring-shaped concave portion 35 is formed on the upper surface of the flange portion 29 shown in FIG. 4 around the central insertion hole 31, and a grindstone 36 is fitted and mounted in the concave portion 35. ing. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the grindstone 36 is formed in a substantially arc shape having a width slightly smaller than the recess 35, and a thin plate-shaped base metal 37 having a substantially same plane shape and a grindstone bonded to the upper surface thereof. The grain layer 38 has a two-layer structure. In addition, the abrasive layer 38 is divided into two along the longitudinal direction, and each of the divided substantially arc-shaped abrasive layer portions has a resin bond grindstone 39 on the outer peripheral side grindstone located on the convex side and a concave side on the concave side. The inner peripheral grindstone located at
It has been. The resin bond grindstone 39 and the metal bond grindstone 40 are integrally joined. An arc-shaped chamfered portion R having a cross section R shown in FIG. 5B is formed on the entire periphery of a corner portion of the resin bond grindstone 39 on the front end processing surface of the abrasive layer 38. Alternatively, as shown in FIG.
A planar chamfered portion J at 0 to 45 ° may be formed. By forming such chamfered portions R and J, the corner of the work material does not sag and chipping of the abrasive layer 38 can be prevented, so that the surface roughness and the dimensional accuracy of the work surface of the work material can be improved. Can be measured.

Here, the resin-bonded grindstone 39 and the metal-bonded grindstone 40 each use superabrasive grains such as diamond or CBN as abrasive grains. The radius of curvature of the grindstone 36 is set to be smaller than the radius of curvature of the main body 21 of the grindstone flange 20, and is preferably slightly smaller than the radius of curvature of the recess 35.
When the metal bond whetstone 4 is fitted as shown in FIG.
0, the inner side wall 35a of the concave portion 35 at the both end portions 40a, 40a.
Then, the central curved convex portion 39a of the resin bond grindstone 39 is brought into contact with and engaged with the outer side wall 35b of the concave portion 35. The grindstone 36 is disposed such that the curved convex portion 39 a is located radially outside the grindstone flange 20. The positions of the fixing screw holes 25 and the set screws 26 in the main body 21 are as follows.
It is preferable that the grinding wheel 36 is formed at a position closer to the side receiving the cutting resistance in the direction in which the grindstone 36 bites the work material in the main body 21 that rotates during the rotary grinding by the grindstone flange 20.

The metal bond grindstone 40 of the abrasive layer 38 is composed of super-abrasive grains such as diamond and CBN dispersed in a metal binder phase, and the metal binder phase has the following composition. That is, the metal binding phase comprises one or two or more low melting point metals A selected from Sn, Zn, and Al in total of two.
0 to 25 wt%, 1 to 6 wt% of one or two IVb group B elements selected from Si or Ge in total, Ag
From 0 to 15 wt%, and Cu, W, Fe, Ni, Co
One or two or more refractory metals C selected from the group consisting of:
Further, precipitate particles composed of an intermetallic compound having low melting point metal A as a main constituent element are dispersed.

The low melting point metal A is added to enhance the sinterability of the metal binding phase and to form an intermetallic compound. If the content is less than 20 wt%,
Intermetallic compounds cannot be generated sufficiently,
It is difficult to obtain the effect. On the other hand, if the content is more than 25 wt%, the metal binder phase becomes too soft, so that the wear resistance and the rigidity cannot be sufficiently increased, and the desired effect of improving the durability cannot be obtained. As the kind of the low melting point metal A, any of the above elements or a combination of any of the above elements can be used to obtain the effect, but it is particularly preferable to use Sn as the main composition from the viewpoint of cost. The effect of group IVb element B represented by Ge is that, when the amount of addition increases, the amount of intermetallic compound increases and the viscosity decreases, so that chips are less likely to be welded and clogging of the grindstone and increase in grinding resistance occur. The effect of preventing sharpness and improving sharpness is obtained. Although it is not clear, it is considered that it may become a part of the constituent elements of the intermetallic compound or act as a catalyst when generating the intermetallic compound. On the other hand, if the addition amount is too large, the metal binder phase becomes too brittle, so that sufficient strength cannot be obtained and the whetstone tends to be easily broken at the time of sintering. Therefore, 1 to 6 wt% is suitable.

As the type of the element IVb group B, any of the above elements or a combination of any of the above elements can be used to obtain the above-described effects. In particular, the effect of using Ge as the main composition can be obtained. It is preferable from the point of view. A
g has an effect of preventing embrittlement of the metal bonding phase and cracking of the grindstone during sintering due to the addition of the IVb group element B such as Ge. If it is possible to prevent cracking of the grinding wheel by setting the sintering conditions and the like, it is not always necessary to add it.
When the content of the group B element is relatively large, it is better to add it in the range of 15 wt% or less. When the amount of Ag exceeds 15 wt%, the strength of the metal binding phase increases, but the grinding resistance increases, and the sharpness of the grindstone decreases.

The refractory metal C defines the mechanical properties that serve as the base of the metal binder phase, and its content is 54 wt.
%, The wear resistance and rigidity of the metal binding phase cannot be sufficiently increased, and the desired effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the content of the high melting point metal C is more than 80% by weight, it is impossible to promote the spontaneous cutting action. As the type of the high melting point metal C, any of the above elements or a combination of any of the above elements can be used to obtain the effect, but it is particularly preferable to use Cu as the main composition. Although the composition of the intermetallic compound forming the precipitate particles is not clear at present, it is presumed that the precipitate particles mainly composed of Cu ₄ Sn contribute to the effect of the present invention. As for the content of the precipitate particles in the metal bonding phase, the area ratio of the precipitate particles on the cut surface of the abrasive grain layer is preferably 5 to 15%. If it is less than 5%, the effect cannot be obtained, and if it is more than 15%, the metal binding phase becomes too hard, and the spontaneous cutting action decreases.

By forming the above-mentioned precipitate particles in a dispersed state in the metal binder phase, the wear resistance and rigidity of the metal binder phase as a whole are kept high, and unnecessary wear and shape deformation of the grinding wheel are prevented. It is possible to obtain a high grinding accuracy and durability compared to the conventional vitrified bond grinding wheel. Nevertheless, on the surface of the metal bonding phase, microscopic collapse in units of precipitate particles is likely to occur,
Since the metal binder phase begins to collapse at an appropriate speed with the wear of the abrasive grains, and the spontaneous cutting action of the abrasive grains improves,
It is possible to obtain good sharpness over a long period of time as compared with a conventional metal bond grindstone. In addition, there is an advantage that dressing (dressing) using a dresser becomes easy because the metal binder phase has a tendency to collapse microscopically. Further, the work material is less likely to be welded to the grindstone grinding surface during grinding, so that clogging due to welding can be reduced, and from this point, an effect of maintaining good sharpness can be obtained. The metal bonding phase may contain some unavoidable impurities, or may contain additional elements, various fillers, and the like well-known in the field of this type of metal bond grinding wheel.

Next, each of the grindstone holders 27 having such a structure is mounted on the upper end of the adjusting screw 24 by fitting the shaft portion 28 into the concave groove 22, and is set on the grindstone flange 20 by the push screw 26. Is fixed to the main body 21. At this time, each of the grindstone holders 27 has a resin bond grindstone 39 of a grindstone 36 and a main body 21.
And the metal bond whetstone 4
Numerals 0 are located on the inner peripheral side, and all of them are arranged in a curved manner so as to project toward the outer peripheral surface 21c (see FIG. 1). As a result, a plurality of substantially arc-shaped grinding stones 36 are positioned at a position closest to the outer peripheral surface 21c of the main body 21 in a plan view shown in FIG. The arrangement is arranged at intervals.

Since the grinding wheel for vertical plane grinding according to the present embodiment is configured as described above, the amount of protrusion of the grinding wheel 36 with respect to the upper surface 21a of the main body 21 of the grinding wheel flange 20 is set prior to the vertical plane grinding. . For this purpose, first, when the shaft portion 28 of the grindstone holder 27 is mounted in the concave groove 22, before the shaft portion 28 is fixed with the push screw 26, the adjusting screw 24 mounted on the lower surface 21b is advanced and retracted. By moving the holder 27 in the direction of the center line O, the amount of protrusion of the grindstone holder 37 with respect to the main body 21 is adjusted. Thereafter, by tightening a set screw 26 screwed into the fixing screw hole 25 from the outer peripheral surface 21c of the main body 21, the concave ring groove 30 of the shaft portion 28 is pressed and fixed, and the grindstone holder 27 is positioned on the main body 21. Fixed. The grinding wheel flange 20 with the amount of protrusion of the grinding wheel 36 adjusted in this manner is mounted on a vertical plane grinding machine (not shown), and the upper surface 21a of the main body 21 is mounted on the base 7 on which the mold steel 8 shown in FIG. The base 7 is opposed to the surface 7a.
With the grinding wheel flange 20 decentered, surface grinding is performed while rotating both wheels in, for example, opposite directions.

At this time, the resin bond whetstone 39 of the whetstone 36
Is located on the leading end side in the grinding direction, rough grinding is started by the resin bond grindstone 39 on the edge 8a of the mold steel 8. At this time, since the super-abrasive grains are provided on the resin bond grindstone 39, stress applied to the super-abrasive grains during grinding occurs in a direction parallel to the upper surface of the mold steel 8 and in a direction perpendicular thereto.
The stress applied to the superabrasive grains is approximately double as compared with the case of the horizontal axis surface grinding, the grinding amount is large, and the generated chips are also approximately doubled. However, the resin-bonded grindstone 39 has a higher spontaneous cutting action than the metal-bonded grindstone, and the chamfered portion R or C is applied to the corner, so that the edge 8a of the die-forming steel 8 as the work material is formed. The corners do not sag, and the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy can be improved. And resin bond whetstone 3
In No. 9, the binder phase is easily worn, but the width thereof is
/ 2, and its wear can be suppressed.

Since the finish grinding is performed by the metal bond grindstone 40 following the rough grinding by the resin bond grindstone 39, the rough grinding and the finish grinding can be performed continuously. The metal bond grindstone 40 has high abrasive holding power, abrasion resistance, and high rigidity, suppresses the chipping of the metal binding phase by chips, and increases the durability of the grindstone. Moreover, since the above-mentioned precipitate particles are dispersed and generated in the metal bonding phase of the metal bond grinding wheel 40, the wear resistance and rigidity of the metal bonding phase as a whole are maintained high, and the metal bonding grinding wheel 4
Zero wasted wear and shape changes are kept low. Also, on the surface of the metal binding phase, microscopic disintegration of precipitate particles tends to occur, and as the abrasive grains wear, the metal binding phase disintegrates at an appropriate speed, and the spontaneous generation of the abrasive grains Since the cutting action is improved, it is possible to obtain a good sharpness required for finish grinding over a long period of time as compared with a conventional metal bond grindstone. In the case of performing the grinding of the die steel 8 provided on the rotating table 7 shown in FIG. 12, the grindstone 36 is a substantially arc-shaped curved convex portion 3 of the resin bond grindstone 39.
9a first contacts the edge 8a of the mold steel 8 to increase the grinding area, but if the edge 8a passes through the width of the grindstone 36, the edge 8a
The grindstone 36 is separated from the grinding wheel, and grinding is not performed. Similarly, when the grinding wheel 36 is separated from the edge 8a of the mold steel 8 to finish the grinding, the substantially arc-shaped curved convex portion 39a first comes into contact with the edge 8a of the mold steel 8 and The whetstone 36 separates from the edge 8a by passing through the area of the width of 36,
Grinding is not performed. Therefore, when grinding, mold steel 8
At the start of grinding due to the grindstone 36 entering the edge 8a of the edge and at the end of grinding when the grindstone 36 comes off the edge 8a, the edge 8a
We can control drooling. Moreover, since the grindstone 36 is formed in a substantially arc shape, the processing surface of the mold steel 8 is not easily scratched.
The abrasive grain size, concentration (concentration), binder, etc. of the resin bond grindstone 39 and the metal bond grindstone 40 of the grindstone 36 are varied depending on the degree and purpose of rough grinding, finish grinding, and the like performed by the grindstone holder 27. Need arises. Also in this case, if the push screw 26 is loosened, the grindstone holder 27 can be removed from the groove 22. If the grindstone holder 27 is replaced and mounted, the appropriate abrasive grain size and concentration (concentration ), A grindstone holder 27 having a grindstone 36 provided with a binder or the like can be mounted.

As described above, according to the grinding wheel for vertical plane grinding according to the present embodiment, when grinding a work material such as die steel 8 with a grinding wheel flange, a resin bond grinding wheel is continuously provided in the grinding direction. Since the 39 and the metal bond grindstone 40 are arranged, rough grinding and finish grinding can be performed continuously, and the grinding efficiency is good. In addition, since the edge 8a starts to be ground from the curved convex portion 39a at the center of the whetstone 36, the contact area of the whetstone 36 with the edge 8a is small. And the precision of the machined surface can be improved. At this time, since the grindstones 36 are arranged over the entire circumference along the outer peripheral surface 20c of the grindstone flange 20, the grindstones 36 are moved to the edge 8a.
Irrespective of the contact position of the user can be suppressed.

In addition, in the metal-bonded grindstone 40 in which superabrasive grains are dispersed, precipitate particles composed of an intermetallic compound are dispersed in the structure of the metal binder phase. A good sharpness can be obtained over a long period of time as compared with the metal bond whetstone. Another advantage is that dressing (dressing) using a dresser is facilitated. Further, since the work material is less likely to be welded during grinding, clogging due to welding can be reduced, and from this point, an effect of maintaining good sharpness can be obtained. In addition, wear resistance and rigidity are maintained higher than general grindstones and resin-bonded grindstones, and the metal bonding phase is more likely to collapse than conventional metal-bonded grindstones, but is less durable than general grindstones and resin-bonded grindstones. There is an advantage that durability is high.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9 show a plan view, a side view, and a bottom view of the grindstone holder. The grindstone holder 50 according to the second embodiment has a substantially triangular prism shape as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, and is fitted into the substantially triangular prism-shaped storage recess 17 of the grindstone flange 16 as shown in FIG. And a bolt 15.
In this whetstone holder 50, the shaft portion 51 forms a substantially triangular prism,
The shaft portion 51 includes a fitting corner portion 51a that fits into the storage recess 17;
An outer peripheral surface portion 51b is located on the outer peripheral side of the grindstone flange 16 in the fitted state, facing the fitting corner portion 51a. The outer peripheral surface portion 51b is a convex curved surface that forms a part of the cylindrical surface, but may be a flat surface. A substantially disk-shaped flange portion 52 is formed at the upper end of the shaft portion 51, and a ring-shaped concave portion 53 is formed on the upper surface 52 a concentrically with the insertion hole 31, and the inside of the concave portion 53 has a cylindrical center. The outer peripheral side of the recess 53 is an outer peripheral wall 55. A substantially arc-shaped grindstone 36 is fitted and fixed in the recess 53.

The grinding wheel holder 50 constructed as described above
The fitting corner 51a of the shaft 51 is fitted into the housing recess 17 of the grinding wheel flange 16 as shown in FIG.
6 are arranged such that the resin bond grindstones 39 are located on the outer peripheral surface side. The same operation and effect as in the first embodiment can also be obtained with the grinding wheel flange 16 provided with such a grinding wheel holder 50.

The shape of the shaft portion 51 is not limited to the above-mentioned shape, but may be any appropriate shape. The shape of the recessed recess of the grinding wheel flange may be formed according to the shape of the shaft portion 51. For example, the shape of the shaft portion 51 may be a quadratic prism shape instead of the triangular prism shape. In that case, the shaft portion 51 can be mounted in the recessed recess 11 shown in the grindstone flange 9. Further, in the embodiment, the inner peripheral side grindstone of the grindstone 36 is the metal bond grindstone 40, and the outer peripheral side grindstone is the resin bond grindstone 39. May be used. At this time, the metal bond grindstone 40 and the outer peripheral grindstone do not need to be integrally connected, and it is sufficient that the outer peripheral grindstone is arranged on the front end side in the grinding direction and the metal bond grindstone 40 is arranged on the rear end side. In addition, the grinding wheel 36 and the like according to the present invention are not limited to vertical axis grinding, but also horizontal axis grinding, etc.
It can be used for various types of grinding. Whetstone flange 2
In the above-described embodiment, the arc-shaped grindstone 36 attached to the ring-shaped concave portion 35 of the flange portion 29 has the curved convex portion 39a positioned radially outside the grindstone flange 20 in the above-described embodiment. However, instead of this, the central curved convex portion 39a may be disposed so as to be located on the tip side in the rotation direction (circumferential direction) of the grinding wheel flange 20. In any case, it can be said that the tip side is in the grinding direction. By employing such a configuration, the grinding efficiency is further improved.

[0032]

As described above, in the grinding wheel according to the present invention, the first grinding wheel having a high spontaneous cutting action and the metal bond grinding wheel are arranged along the grinding direction, and the grinding wheel is located at the tip side in the grinding direction. Since the first grindstone is located, rough grinding is performed on the first grindstone located on the tip side, and then rough grinding and finish grinding are performed by finishing grinding with a high-precision metal bond grindstone following the first grindstone. Are performed continuously, and the grinding efficiency is good. In addition, by first grinding with a first grinding stone that has a higher autogenous cutting action than a metal bond grinding stone, sagging of the work material and chipping of the grinding stone can be prevented, and surface roughness and accuracy can be improved. Subsequent metal bond grinding wheels can improve grinding accuracy and suppress wear.

The vertical grinding wheel according to the present invention comprises a first grinding wheel having a high spontaneous cutting action and a metal bond grinding wheel arranged along the grinding direction. Since it is located, rough grinding and finish grinding are successively performed with the first grindstone and metal bond grindstone, and the grinding efficiency is good. In addition, by first grinding with a first grindstone that has a higher autogenous cutting action than a metal bond grindstone, sagging of the work material and chipping of the grindstone can be prevented, and surface roughness and accuracy can be improved. Subsequent metal-bonded grinding stones can improve grinding accuracy and suppress wear. In addition, the grinding wheel is formed in a substantially arc shape whose radius of curvature is smaller than the radius of curvature of the grinding wheel flange, and its curved convex portion is located on the outer peripheral surface side of the grinding wheel flange. Is provided, since the grinding edge of the work material starts to be ground from the curved convex portion of the substantially arc-shaped whetstone, the contact area of the whetstone with the edge is small, and the dripping of the edge due to grinding can be suppressed. Since it is formed in a substantially circular arc shape, it is difficult for scratches or the like to be formed on the processed surface during grinding.

Further, the metal bond grindstone has super-abrasive grains dispersed in a metal binder phase, and precipitate particles composed of an intermetallic compound are dispersed in the structure of the metal binder phase. The overall wear resistance and rigidity of the wheel are maintained high, and wasteful wear and shape deformation of the grindstone are reduced. Also, on the surface of the metal bonded phase, the metal bonded phase begins to collapse at an appropriate speed with the wear of the abrasive grains, and the spontaneous cutting action of the abrasive grains is improved. As a result, good sharpness can be obtained over a long period of time, and high grinding accuracy can be obtained. Although the durability is shorter than that of a conventional metal bond grinding wheel, the durability is higher than that of a vitrified bond grinding wheel.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a grinding wheel flange in a grinding wheel for longitudinal plane grinding according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a substantially central longitudinal sectional view of the grinding wheel flange shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing a grindstone holder portion of the grindstone flange main body shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a grindstone holder.

FIG. 5 shows a grindstone holder, in which (a) is a side view,
(B) is a cross-sectional view of a tip corner of the abrasive layer, and (c) is a cross-sectional view of a tip corner of the abrasive layer according to a modification.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a grindstone mounted on a grindstone holder.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a grindstone holder of a grindstone for vertical plane grinding according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a side view of the grindstone holder shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the grindstone holder shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a schematic explanatory view of a general horizontal axis surface grinding wheel.

FIG. 11 is a schematic explanatory view of a general grinding wheel for vertical axis surface grinding.

FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a grinding state of mold steel by a vertical axis surface grinding wheel.

13 is a partial perspective view showing a state in which a general grindstone is mounted on an outer peripheral surface of a base metal of the grindstone for vertical axis surface grinding shown in FIG.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a general grinding wheel mounted on the vertical-plane grinding wheel shown in FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a partial perspective view showing a grindstone for vertical axis surface grinding equipped with a general grindstone having a shape different from that of FIG. 14;

16 is a perspective view of a general grindstone mounted on the grindstone for vertical surface grinding shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10, 16, 20 Whetstone flange 26 Push screw 27, 50 Whetstone holder 36 Whetstone 38 Abrasive layer 39 Resin bond whetstone 40 Metal bond whetstone

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Haruo Murata 1-1 Higashihama, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba Japan High Frequency Steel Industry Inside Ichikawa Plant Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shigeru Kudo 1-1 Higashihama, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba Prefecture Japan High Frequency Steel Industry F term in Ichikawa Plant Co., Ltd. (reference) 3C063 AA02 AB02 AB03 BA02 BA12 BB02 BB03 BB06 BB18 BC02 BC03 BC08 CC12 EE09 FF20 FF22

Claims (4)

[Claims] A grinding wheel, characterized in that a first grindstone having a high autogenous blade action and a metal bond grindstone are arranged along the grinding direction, and the first grindstone is located on the tip side in the grinding direction. Whetstone. 2. A vertical grinding wheel having a grinding wheel mounted along an outer peripheral surface of a substantially circular grinding wheel flange, wherein the grinding wheel is configured such that a first grinding wheel having a high autogenous cutting action and a metal bond grinding wheel have a grinding direction. Characterized in that the first grindstone is located on the tip side in the grinding direction. 3. The grinding wheel is formed in a substantially arc shape having a radius of curvature smaller than the radius of curvature of the grinding wheel flange, and the curved convex portion is located on the outer peripheral surface side of the grinding wheel flange.
The grindstone for vertical axis grinding according to claim 2, wherein the first grindstone is provided on an outer peripheral surface side of the grindstone flange. 4. The metal bond grindstone is characterized in that superabrasive grains are dispersed and arranged in a metal binder phase, and precipitate particles composed of an intermetallic compound are dispersed in the structure of the metal binder phase. The grinding wheel for vertical axis grinding according to claim 2 or 3, wherein