WO2023232549A1

WO2023232549A1 - Ventilation system

Info

Publication number: WO2023232549A1
Application number: PCT/EP2023/063743
Authority: WO
Inventors: Tobias Blanke; Bernd Döring; Markus Hagenkamp
Original assignee: Fh Aachen University Of Applied Sciences
Priority date: 2022-05-31
Filing date: 2023-05-23
Publication date: 2023-12-07
Also published as: DE102022113670B3

Abstract

The invention relates to a ventilation system (1) for supplying supply air (2) to a room (4) and discharging exhaust air (3) out of the room (4), comprising a temperature-control unit (7) having a plurality of temperature-control modules (8), each with a thermoelectric element (9) and two separate heat transfer units (10, 11), wherein the thermoelectric elements (9) each have a cold side (12) cooperating with the exhaust air (3) and a warm side (13) cooperating with the supply air (2) and function like Peltier elements, wherein, when viewed in the flow directions of both the supply air (2) and the exhaust air (3), the temperature-control modules (8) are connected in series with the supply air (2) and the exhaust air (3) according to the principle of a countercurrent heat exchanger, such that, between temperature levels of the supply air (2) and the exhaust air (3) acting on the thermoelectric elements (9), there is as low a temperature difference as possible for each of the temperature-control modules (5). The invention also relates to a building (19) with a modular design, which is formed by a plurality of individual room modules (20), wherein the room modules (20) each have a heat generator (21) formed by a ventilation system (1) according to the invention.

Description

Ventilation system

Description

[01] The present application relates to a ventilation system according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the present application relates to a building in modular construction according to the preamble of claim 13.

State of the art

[02] The temperature control of many existing buildings is currently done using forms of energy that have a high primary energy consumption, especially oil and gas. As an alternative, a heat pump powered by (preferably renewable) electricity in combination with ventilation heat recovery can in principle be considered. However, retrofitting a heat pump in an existing building is not trivial. In particular, unfavorable temperature levels, high installation costs, high investment costs, unsightly and noise-intensive components and the like can be counteracting this.

[03] In modular new buildings, re-usability and the possibility of changing the location of individual parts of the building are increasingly desired. Conventional central heating systems are not very suitable for these types of buildings. However, when using a ventilation system with heat recovery, there is always the need to install an additional heat generator to cover the heating load. For small and/or particularly well-insulated units, many conventional technologies are also significantly oversized. There is therefore a need for decentralized, efficient provision of heating or cooling energy (depending on the load case) with little disruptive influences, particularly for smaller usage units both in existing buildings and in new buildings.

Task

[04] The present application is therefore based on the task of providing a ventilation system with which, in particular, smaller usage units can be efficiently controlled.

Solution

[05] The underlying object is achieved according to the invention by means of a ventilation system with the features of claim 1. Advantageous refinements result from the associated subclaims. [06] The ventilation system is used to introduce supply air into a room and to remove exhaust air from the room. For this purpose, the ventilation system includes at least one supply air duct, by means of which the supply air can be directed into the room. Furthermore, the ventilation system includes at least one exhaust duct, by means of which the exhaust air can be removed from the room. The ventilation system also includes a temperature control unit. This is designed to control the temperature of the supply air while using the exhaust air for energy. In particular, in the case of heating, the temperature control unit is set up to extract thermal energy from the exhaust air and supply thermal energy to the supply air, so that a heating load can be covered in the respective room, which is at least partially covered by the thermal energy of the exhaust air. In the case of cooling, this process is carried out in exactly the opposite way.

[07] For this purpose, the temperature control unit comprises a plurality of temperature control modules, each of which includes a thermoelectric element and two separate heat transport devices. A thermoelectric element is an element that, as a result of the application of an electrical voltage, absorbs thermal energy on a first functional side, the "cold side", and releases thermal energy on a second functional side, the "warm side". The physical effect underlying this process is called the “Peltier effect”. Accordingly, the thermoelectric elements can also be referred to as “Peltier elements”. Each thermoelectric element therefore has two functional sides, each of which is of opposite nature, namely a cold side and a warm side. Which of the functional sides takes over which of these two functions depends on the technical flow direction of the electrical current, i.e. the polarity of the connected voltage source. The direction of the current can easily be changed during operation of the ventilation system and the ventilation system can thereby be switched between heating mode and cooling mode.

[08] The heat transport devices are divided into two groups, with the heat transport devices of the first group each interacting with the exhaust air duct and the heat transport devices of the second group each interacting with the supply air duct.

[09] The heat transport devices of the first group interact with the exhaust air duct in such a way that heat exchange surfaces of the heat transport devices of the first group can be flowed around by the derived exhaust air. This has the effect that thermal energy contained in the exhaust air can be transferred to the heat transport devices of the first group or vice versa. Therefore, for example, one can Heat transport medium, which can be present in the heat transport devices of the first group, is heated by the exhaust air. The heat transport devices of the first group are also thermally connected to the functional sides of the same type, for example to the cold sides, of the respectively assigned thermoelectric elements, with one heat transport device interacting with the functional side of an assigned thermoelectric element. This construction means that thermal energy can be transferred between the exhaust air on the respective functional sides of the same type, for example the cold sides, of the thermoelectric elements by means of the heat transport devices of the first group. In the case of heating, the thermal energy contained in the exhaust air can therefore be transported from the exhaust air to the thermoelectric elements, more precisely: their cold sides, by means of the heat transport devices of the first group. In the case of cooling, the exhaust air would, conversely, act as a heat sink and therefore thermal energy would be transferred from the functional sides of the same type (here: warm sides) to the exhaust air by means of the heat transport devices of the first group.

[10] The heat transport devices of the second group interact in a corresponding logic on the one hand with the other functional sides of the same type of thermoelectric elements and on the other hand with the supply air duct. Here, the heat transport devices of the second group transmit thermal energy between the functional sides of the same type of thermoelectric elements and the supply air, the heat transport devices having heat exchange surfaces around which the supply air can flow.

[11] The temperature control modules of the temperature control unit are connected in series with the supply air duct and the exhaust air duct according to the principle of a countercurrent heat exchanger. This means that there is as small a temperature difference as possible between the heat transport devices of the two groups of a respective temperature control module on the functional sides of the thermoelectric elements. Using the example of the heating case (warm exhaust air, cold supply air and air to be heated), the operation is designed as follows: The heat transport device of the first group of a respective temperature control module interacts with the exhaust air duct in such a way that the heat exchange surface of the respective heat transport device is viewed first in the flow direction of the exhaust air is flowed around by the exhaust air. It follows from this that the thermal energy of the exhaust air has the highest available level in the area in which the heat transport device of the first group interacts with the exhaust air duct, the temperature of the exhaust air at least substantially corresponding to the temperature of the room from which the exhaust air is removed becomes. The heat transport device of the second group of the same Temperature control module acts in the supply air duct in the flow direction of the supply air as the last heat transport device with the supply air before the supply air is released into the room. The result of this is that the level of thermal energy that the supply air has as it flows around the heat exchange surface of the heat transport device of the second group is the highest compared to the level that is present on the heat exchange surfaces of the other heat transport devices of the second group. In this way, the difference between the temperature levels at the heat transport device of the first group and the heat transport device of the second group of the temperature control module described here as an example is minimal. This type of connection of the temperature control modules is particularly advantageous with regard to the energetic efficiency of the thermoelectric element of the temperature control module.

[12] According to the same principle, the remaining temperature control modules or their heat transport devices are connected to the exhaust air duct and the supply air duct, so that the temperature difference between the heat exchange surfaces of the heat transport devices of the first group and the second group is as small as possible. In other words, in the example of the heating case, the temperature control modules are connected in such a way that thermal energy initially extracted from the still warm exhaust air is indirectly fed to the already almost completely heated supply air. The remaining thermal energy extracted from the already cooled exhaust air is used analogously to indirectly support the warming of the still cold supply air. In the case of cooling, the connection follows the same logic, although the difference is that the supply air serves as a heat source and the exhaust air serves as a heat sink.

[13] According to the invention, the ventilation system further comprises at least one heat exchanger, which is connected upstream of the temperature control unit when viewed in the flow directions of both the supply air and the exhaust air. For example, such a heat exchanger can be formed by an air-air heat exchanger. The use of a heat exchanger has the particular advantage that thermal energy can already be transferred from the exhaust air to the supply air (vice versa in the case of cooling) before the temperature control unit takes effect in the case of heating. In this way, the temperature differences between the supply air and the exhaust air have already been reduced to a significant extent, which means that the temperature control modules of the temperature control unit or their thermoelectric elements can be used with smaller temperature differences between the cold sides and the warm sides. As already mentioned above, this is particularly advantageous with regard to the electrical efficiency of the thermoelectric elements, so that as a result the use of a heat exchanger in the type described improves the overall efficiency of the ventilation system.

[14] The ventilation system according to the invention has many advantages. In particular, it enables the temperature control of a supply air flow that is directed into a room using only small amounts of electrical energy. Due to the connection of the thermoelectric elements based on the principle of a countercurrent heat exchanger, they work very efficiently, with the heat or cold contained in the exhaust air (depending on the load case) being optimally used to heat or cool the supply air volume flow. The thermal output that can be provided by such a temperature control unit is comparatively low; However, in view of the fact that only small usage units are to be supplied, this is not a disadvantage, but on the contrary is desirable. The possibility of supplying a building, especially a modular building, with thermal energy in a decentralized manner (heating case) or withdrawing it from it (cooling case) allows demand-controlled operation, whereby only the usage units that are actually used in a current situation are tempered become. In this regard, it is particularly advantageous that the ventilation system enables particularly short response times and can therefore be used particularly quickly when used as desired.

[15] A further advantage can be seen in the fact that the ventilation system according to the invention can be implemented with a comparatively small construction volume, so that it can be easily installed in a facade, in particular in a parapet area of a window. This means that there is no need for cable routing or other precautions in the installation of the respective building in order to supply the individual usage units of the building with thermal energy. Due to the efficient use of the waste heat from the respective room, this gain in flexibility is not accompanied by a disadvantage in terms of energy efficiency.

[16] Another advantage of the ventilation system is that - as described - in addition to the obligatory heating, it can also be used to cool the respective room, whereby the function of the thermoelectric elements is carried out by reversing the technical flow direction of the electrical current the respective thermoelectric element is applied is reversed. In other words, in the first case, the functional pages of the same type on one side assume the function of the hot side and the other functional pages of the same type on the other side assume the function of the cold side. In the second, opposite case, the “hot side” and “cold side” functions are swapped accordingly. This means that thermal energy can be used in the supply air when cooling removed and thermal energy is supplied to the exhaust air. In this scenario, the heat source is the supply air and the heat sink is the exhaust air.

[17] In an advantageous embodiment of the ventilation system according to the invention, at least some of the heat transport devices, in particular all heat transport devices of the first group, are each formed by a heat pipe. In particular, the heat transport devices can each be designed in the manner of a heat pipe. The advantage of this configuration is that comparatively large amounts of heat can be transferred to a comparatively small cross-sectional area by means of a heat pipe. This makes it particularly possible to integrate the heat transport devices into the supply air duct or the exhaust air duct. Furthermore, it is particularly possible to connect such heat transport devices to the cold sides or the warm sides of the thermoelectric elements.

[18] Furthermore, such an embodiment can be particularly advantageous in which at least some of the heat transport devices, in particular all heat transport devices of the second group, each comprise a liquid circuit, with a heat transfer fluid being able to be carried in the respective liquid circuit. Preferably, the heat transport devices that include such a liquid circuit also each have a pump by means of which the heat transfer liquid can be conveyed or pumped in a line system of the respective liquid circuit. The configuration described has the particular advantage that large amounts of heat can be transferred, with the heat transfer fluid being particularly easy to supply to a large heat exchange surface. In particular, the heat transport devices, which include a liquid circuit, can include copper radiators in which the heat transfer liquid is guided. This configuration has the advantage that the exchange of thermal energy between the heat transfer fluid and a different medium can take place particularly efficiently due to the good heat conduction properties of the copper. A particularly preferred embodiment is one in which the heat transfer fluid is water-based or at least water-based. This has the advantage that in the event of unintentional leaks of a respective

Only a harmless liquid emerges from the liquid circuit, which poses no danger to people or the environment.

[19] In order to optimize the heat conduction between the heat transport devices and the thermoelectric elements, it is particularly advantageous if the heat transport devices of the first group are on the assigned functional sides of the same type of the respective associated thermoelectric elements and/or the heat transport devices of the second group are connected to the assigned functional sides of the same type of the respectively associated thermoelectric elements by means of a thermal paste. The transmission of thermal energy with as little loss as possible has the advantage that the electrical energy used on the thermoelectric elements is dissipated with as little loss as possible and can therefore act as desired in the supply air duct to heat the supply air.

[20] Further developing the ventilation system according to the invention, it includes a control unit by means of which the thermoelectric elements can be controlled. In particular, the control unit is preferably suitable for controlling electrical power transmitted to the thermoelectric elements and in this way influencing the thermal energy emitted by the thermoelectric elements. In a particularly preferred manner, the control unit is suitable for controlling the thermoelectric elements of all existing temperature control modules independently of one another, but at least combined in groups.

[21] In a particularly preferred manner, the control unit is set up to change the electrical power transmitted to the thermoelectric elements by means of pulse width modulation. This makes the performance of the thermoelectric elements particularly easy and flexible to adjust. With this design, the ventilation system can be operated particularly as required.

[22] If a control unit is present, it can also be advantageous if it is set up to change the electrical power of at least one thermoelectric element in such a way that a defined operating point of the respective thermoelectric element is continuously approximated. The operating point can in particular be defined by the user. The defined operating point is preferably formed by an operating point that is optimized in terms of electrical efficiency. The control unit is preferably set up to approximate the defined operating point for all thermoelectric elements. In particular, an attempt can therefore be made to change the electrical power applied to a respective thermoelectric element depending on the current temperature difference between the hot side and the cold side of the respective thermoelectric element. This change follows a predetermined function, which can be stored, for example, on a memory module of the control unit. [23] If the ventilation system includes a control unit, it can also be particularly advantageous if the ventilation system also includes at least one sensor device. This is suitable for detecting information regarding at least one operating parameter of the ventilation system or at least one environmental parameter, with the sensor device being connected to the control unit in a data-transmitting manner. In this way, it is possible to forward information recorded by the sensor device to the control unit, so that this information can be processed by the control unit. Accordingly, it is possible to control the thermoelectric elements depending on the information recorded. The ventilation system preferably comprises a plurality of sensor devices, which can be set up in particular to measure temperatures. Thus, the temperature of the supply air, the temperature of the exhaust air or the like can be of particular interest for controlling the thermoelectric elements.

[24] Furthermore, the control unit can preferably be operated according to at least one predeterminable operating program, with preferably a thermal output of the temperature control unit, which corresponds to a sum of all thermal outputs of the thermoelectric elements, depending on a temperature of the exhaust air and / or a temperature of the air to be ventilated Air present in the room is regulated. In this embodiment, the thermoelectric elements can be controlled in such a way that the power transferred to the thermoelectric elements corresponds to providing a current target value for the thermal power of the temperature control unit.

[25] The underlying task is further solved by means of a building in modular construction with the features of claim 13. Advantageous refinements result from the associated subclaims.

[26] The building is formed by a large number of individual room modules, with the building preferably being composed of the individual room modules at the site of its construction. In particular, the individual room modules can be delivered to the construction site and assembled there to form the building, with each of the room modules preferably being constructed independently according to the principle of a (living) container. A large number of the room modules each include at least one heat generator, which is suitable for decentralized temperature control of the room modules. In other words, at least the room modules of the building, which have their own heat generator, can be controlled independently of the other room modules. The building according to the invention is characterized in that at least one the heat generator, preferably all heat generators, is formed by a ventilation system according to the invention according to the present invention.

[27] The resulting advantages have already been explained above. In particular, it is possible to control the temperature of the room modules independently of one another, with particularly energy-efficient operation possible due to the design of the ventilation system according to the invention. Furthermore, the installation is particularly easy, with a respective ventilation system preferably already being installed away from the construction site in a facade or a window sill of the respective room module, so that a further structural step for installing one or more heat generators on the construction site is not necessary. Instead, the individual room modules are preferably already equipped with a respective ventilation system, which can be put into operation without any further installation effort. Ideally, all that is required for this is to create an electrical connection.

[28] Preferably, the heat generator of at least one of the modules is integrated into a facade of the respective edge module. In this way, the heat generator does not require any additional installation space within the room module. Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous if the heat generator of at least one edge module is integrated into a window sill of the respective edge module.

Examples of embodiments

[29] The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment which is shown in the figures. It shows:

Fig. 1: A schematic representation of a ventilation system according to the invention,

Fig. 2: A schematic representation of a building that is composed of a large number of room modules.

[30] An exemplary embodiment, which is shown in Figures 1 and 2, comprises a ventilation system 1 according to the invention, which is suitable for supplying supply air 2 into a room 4 of a building 19 and for removing exhaust air 3 from the room 4. In the example shown, the ventilation system 1 is operated for the heating case in which thermal energy is to be supplied to the room 4.

[31] The ventilation system 1 includes a supply air duct 5 and an exhaust air duct 6 to guide the supply air 2 and the exhaust air 3, respectively. It is set up to heat the supply air 2 while using the exhaust air 3 for energy before it is fed into the room 4. To For this purpose, the ventilation system 1 in the example shown initially includes a heat exchanger 15, which is formed by an air-air heat exchanger. In particular, the heat exchanger 15 in the example shown is formed by a countercurrent heat exchanger. Accordingly, the supply air 2 and the exhaust air 3 are fed to the heat exchanger 15 from opposite ends of the heat exchanger 15 and guided crosswise in opposite directions through the heat exchanger 15. This ensures that thermal energy, which is contained in the warm exhaust air 3 removed from the room 4, is transferred to the supply air 2, which is cooler in comparison. The supply air 2 is heated accordingly, while the exhaust air 3 is cooled. However, the heating of the supply air 2 is generally not sufficient to heat the supply air 2 to a level that is sufficient to supply the respective room 4 with heat.

[32] Accordingly, the ventilation system 1 also has a temperature control unit 7, by means of which the supply air 2 can be further heated. The heat exchanger 15 is the temperature control unit

7 connected upstream in such a way that both the supply air 2 and the exhaust air 3 first flow through the heat exchanger 15 and only then reach the temperature control unit 7. The temperature control unit 7 has a plurality of individual temperature control modules 8, two of which are shown as examples in Figure 1. Each of the temperature control modules

8 includes a thermoelectric element 9, which can also be referred to as a “Peltier element”. As such, the thermoelectric element 9 is suitable for absorbing thermal energy when an electrical voltage is applied on a first functional side of the first type, here formed by a cold side 12, and on a functional side of the opposite type, here formed by a warm side 13. release thermal energy. The thermoelectric elements 9 of the temperature control modules 8 are connected to a voltage source, not shown in the figures.

[33] The temperature control modules 8 are arranged in such a way that they also use thermal energy from the exhaust air 3 to heat the supply air 2. This effect is enhanced by the use of electrical energy, so that the supply air 2 can be heated to a desired level. In order to exchange thermal energy with both the supply air 2 and the exhaust air 3, each of the temperature control modules 8 comprises two heat transport devices 10, 11, a heat transport device 10 of a first group with the cold side 12 of the respective thermoelectric element 9 and a heat transport device 11 of a second group interact with the warm side 13. In the example shown, the heat transport devices 10 of the first group of all temperature control modules 8 are each formed by a heat pipe in the form of a heat pipe, while the heat transport devices 11 of the second group are each formed include a liquid circuit in order to transfer thermal energy from the respective hot side 13 to the supply air 2. For this purpose, each of the heat transport devices 11 comprises a heat transfer fluid which can be circulated by means of a pump 14 between heat exchange surfaces, not shown, of the respective heat transport device 11. The heat transfer fluid here is formed by water. The heat transport devices 10, 11 are each connected to the cold sides 12 and the warm sides 13 by means of thermal paste, whereby the transfer of thermal energy between the thermoelectric elements 9 and the heat transport devices 10, 11 is optimized.

[34] The temperature modules 8 of the temperature control unit 7 are connected in series in the flow directions of the supply air 2 and the exhaust air 3 according to the principle of a countercurrent heat exchanger. Therefore, heat exchange surfaces of the heat transport devices 10, 11 are successively flowed around by the supply air 2 or the exhaust air 3 in the flow direction of the supply air 2 or the exhaust air 3. The opposite direction of the supply air 2 and the exhaust air 3 results in the smallest possible temperature difference between the cold sides 12 and the warm sides 13 of the thermoelectric elements 9. Thus, the temperature levels that are present on the cold sides 12 and on the warm sides 13 of the thermoelectric elements 9, when viewed in a direction of the temperature control unit 7, have a consistent rising or falling tendency (depending on the direction of observation). The higher the temperature level of the supply air 2 on a respective warm side 13, the higher the temperature level of the exhaust air 3 on the cold side 12 of the same thermoelectric element 9. The same applies vice versa. The arrangement described is advantageous in terms of the energetic efficiency of the thermoelectric elements 9, so that the electrical power required to heat the supply air 2 to the desired temperature level is minimized.

[35] The ventilation system 1 also includes a control unit 16, by means of which the temperature control unit 7 or the individual temperature control modules 8 can be controlled. In particular, in the ventilation system 1 shown, a control circuit is implemented, with the control unit 16 being connected to two sensor devices 17, 18 in a data-transmitting manner. These sensor devices 17, 18 are each temperature sensors, with the first sensor device 17 interacting with the supply air duct 5 and the second sensor device 18 with the exhaust air duct 6. The sensor device 17 for the supply air duct 5 is arranged upstream of the heat exchanger 15, so that the temperature of the supply air 2 is recorded immediately upon entry into the ventilation system 1. The information recorded in this way is sent to the sensor device 17 for further processing Control unit 16 directed. The second sensor device 18 is also connected to the exhaust air duct 6 upstream of the heat exchanger 15. In this way, it is known what temperature the exhaust air 3 has immediately when it leaves the room 4. Based on this information, it is possible using the control unit 16 to determine what amount of electrical energy is required in total on the thermoelectric elements 9 of the temperature control modules 8 in order to raise the supply air 2 to a desired temperature level. Accordingly, the control unit 16 controls the individual thermoelectric elements 9, the power of the thermoelectric elements 9 being changeable by means of pulse width modulation.

[36] The ventilation system 1 is particularly suitable for the decentralized supply of individual room modules 20 of a modular building 19. Such a building 19 is illustrated as an example using Figure 2. It is composed of a plurality of room modules 20, each of which has a window 24. The building 19 includes a number of heat generators 21 corresponding to the number of room modules 20, each of which is formed here by a ventilation system 1. The ventilation systems 1 are in facades 22 of the room modules 20, namely in window parapets 23 of the respective windows 24. In this way, the ventilation systems 1 require practically no installation space within the room modules 20, and due to the comparatively small volumes that are to be supplied with heat by means of a respective ventilation system 1, a comparatively low maximum thermal output of each ventilation system 1 is sufficient to achieve the result to cover the heat requirements of the entire building 19. In particular, the temperature control unit 7 of the ventilation system 1 in the example shown has a total of twelve temperature control modules 8 (and therefore twelve thermoelectric elements 9).

Reference symbol list

1 ventilation system

2 supply air

3 exhaust air

4 room

5 supply air duct

6 exhaust duct

7 temperature control unit

8 temperature control module

9 thermoelectric element

10 heat transport device of the first group

11 heat transport device of the second group

12 cold side

13 Warm page

14 pump

15 heat exchangers

16 control unit

17 sensor unit

18 sensor unit

19 buildings

20 module

21 heat generators

22 facade

23 window parapet

24 windows

Claims

Expectations

1. Ventilation system (1) for supplying supply air (2) into a room (4) and removing exhaust air (3) from the room (4), comprising a supply air duct (5) for supplying supply air (2) into the room ( 4), an exhaust air duct (6) for discharging the exhaust air (3) from the room (4), a temperature control unit (7) for temperature control of the supply air (2) with energetic utilization of the exhaust air (3), the temperature control unit (7) being a A plurality of temperature control modules (8), each comprising a thermoelectric element (9) and two separate heat transport devices (10, 11), the thermoelectric elements (9) each having two functional sides of opposite types, namely one cold side (12) and one Warm side (13), and are designed to absorb thermal energy according to the Peltier effect when an electrical voltage is applied to the cold side (12) and to release thermal energy to the warm side (13), heat transport devices (10) of a first group each being such cooperate with the exhaust air duct (6) so that heat exchange surfaces of the heat transport devices (10) of the first group can be flowed around by the derived exhaust air (3) and thermal energy can thereby be transferred between the exhaust air (3) and the heat transport devices (10) of the first group, whereby the heat transport devices (10) of the first group interact thermally with the functional sides of the same type of the respectively assigned thermoelectric elements (9), so that thermal energy can be transferred between the respective heat transport device (10) of the first group and the respective functional side, heat transport devices (11) being one second group thermally interact with the other functional sides of the same type of the respectively assigned thermoelectric elements (9), so that thermal energy can be transferred between the respective functional side and the respective heat transport device (11) of the second group, the heat transport devices (11) of the second group each being such interact with the supply air duct (5) so that heat exchange surfaces Heat transport devices (11) of the second group can be flowed around by the supply air (2) and thermal energy can thereby be transferred between the heat transport devices (11) of the second group and the supply air (2), the temperature control modules (8) being in flow directions of both the supply air ( 2) as well as the exhaust air (3) are connected in series with the supply air duct (5) and the exhaust air duct (6) according to the principle of a countercurrent heat exchanger, so that between the temperature levels of the supply air (2) and the exhaust air (3), which are at the Heat exchange surfaces of the heat transport devices (10) of the first group on the one hand and on the heat transport devices (11) of the second group on the other hand, for each of the temperature control modules (5) there is the smallest possible temperature difference, characterized by a heat exchanger (15) which is in both the flow directions Both the supply air (2) and the exhaust air (3) are connected upstream of the temperature control unit (7).

2. Ventilation system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least some of the heat transport devices (10, 11) are each formed by a heat pipe.

3. Ventilation system (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat transport devices (10, 11) are each designed in the manner of a heat pipe.

4. Ventilation system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least some of the heat transport devices (10, 11) each comprise a liquid circuit in which a heat transfer fluid can be guided, wherein preferably the heat transport devices (10, 11) each have a pump (14) for pumping the heat transfer fluid.

5. Ventilation system (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that at least some of the heat transport devices (10, 11) comprise copper radiators in which the heat transfer fluid is guided. Ventilation system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger (15) is formed by an air-air heat exchanger. Ventilation system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat transport devices (10) of the first group and/or the heat transport devices (11) of the second group are connected to the respectively assigned functional sides of the thermoelectric elements (9) by means of a thermal paste. Ventilation system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a control unit (16) by means of which the thermoelectric elements (9) can be controlled. Ventilation system (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the control unit (16) is set up to change an electrical power applied to the thermoelectric elements (9), in particular by means of pulse width modulation. Ventilation system (1) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the control unit (16) is set up to change the power for at least one thermoelectric element (9), preferably all thermoelectric elements (9), in such a way that a defined Operating point of the respective thermoelectric element (9) is approximated. Ventilation system (1) according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized by at least one sensor device (17, 18), by means of which information relating to at least one operating parameter of the ventilation system (1) or at least one environmental parameter can be detected, the sensor device (17, 18) is connected to the control unit (16) in a data-transmitting manner, so that the information can be routed to the control unit (16) and processed by the control unit (16). Ventilation system (1) according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the control unit (16) can be operated according to at least one predeterminable operating program, preferably a thermal output of the temperature control unit (7), which is a sum of all thermal outputs of the thermoelectric elements ( 9) corresponds, depending on one Temperature of the exhaust air (3) and / or a temperature of the air present in the room to be ventilated (4) is regulated. Building (19) in a modular design, which is formed by a large number of individual room modules (20), at least a number of the room modules (20) each having at least one

Heat generator (21) for decentralized temperature control of the room modules (20), characterized in that at least one of the heat generators (21) is formed by a ventilation system (1) according to one of the preceding claims. Building (19) according to claim 13, characterized in that the at least one heat generator (21) is or are integrated into a facade (22) of the respective associated room module (20). Building (19) according to one of claims 13 or 14, characterized in that the at least one heat generator (21) is or are integrated into a window sill (23) of the respective associated room module (20).