DE102022113670B3 - ventilation system and building - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application relates to a ventilation system (1) for supplying supply air (2) into a room (4) and removing exhaust air (3) from the room (4), comprising a temperature control unit (7) which has a plurality of temperature control modules (8 ), each of which comprises a thermoelectric element (9) and two separate heat transport devices (10, 11), the thermoelectric elements (9) each having a cold side (12) that interacts with the exhaust air (3) and a cold side (12) that interacts with the supply air (2) have a cooperating warm side (13) and act as Peltier elements, with the temperature control modules (8) viewed in the direction of flow of both the supply air (2) and the exhaust air (3) according to the principle of a counterflow heat exchanger in series with the supply air (2) and the Exhaust air (3) are interconnected, so that between the temperature levels of the supply air (2) and the exhaust air (3), which act on the thermoelectric elements (9), the smallest possible temperature difference is considered for each of the temperature control modules (5). Application for a building (19) of modular design, which is formed by a large number of individual room modules (20), the room modules (20) each having a heat generator (21) which is formed by a ventilation system (1) according to the invention.

Description

The present application relates to a ventilation system according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the present application relates to a building of modular construction according to the preamble of claim 13.

State of the art

Many existing buildings are currently tempered using forms of energy that have a high primary energy consumption, especially oil and gas. In principle, a heat pump operated with (preferably renewable) electricity in combination with ventilation heat recovery can be considered as an alternative. However, retrofitting a heat pump in an existing building is not trivial. In particular, unfavorable temperature levels, high installation costs, high investment costs, unsightly and noisy components and the like can stand in the way.

From the DE 10 2012 204 865 A1 is a ventilation device for heating, cooling and dehumidifying supply and exhaust air of a room known. Such a ventilation device comprises an air duct for connecting an inside of the room with an outside environment. It also includes at least one axial fan arranged in the air duct, which can be operated in at least two operating states with opposite air conveying directions for conveying supply air from the outside environment to the inside of the room and for conveying exhaust air from the inside of the room to the outside environment. In addition, the ventilation device comprises at least one heat accumulator arranged in the air duct between the at least one axial fan and the outside environment and at least one temperature control element arranged between the at least one axial fan and the inside of the room, with a first temperature control body and a second temperature control body, with both temperature control bodies connected to one another via a Peltier element are connected. Finally, the ventilation device also includes a longitudinal division, which divides at least one area of the air duct into a longitudinal section with the at least one temperature control element in a first and a second flow duct, so that a first part of the at least one temperature control element with the first temperature control body in the first flow duct and a second part of the at least one temperature control element is located with the second temperature control body in the second flow channel.

The Korean Patent KR 10 0 810 720 B1 describes an air conditioner. This includes a thermoelectric semiconductor that absorbs heat on one side and emits heat on the other side. A low-temperature generating chamber is installed on one side of the thermoelectric semiconductor, which has a two-stage cooling structure. A high-temperature generating chamber is installed on the other side of the thermoelectric semiconductor, which has a three-stage cooling structure. A cooling tower is installed in the high-temperature generating chamber. A cooling water tank connects the high temperature generating chamber to the cooling tower. The low-temperature generating chamber is connected to the high-temperature generating chamber through a drain pipe.

Furthermore, the Korean patent discloses KR 10 0 704 143 B1 a heat exchanger fan containing a thermoelectric module with a thermoelectric element utilizing the Peltier effect. Further, the heat exchange fan includes first and second heat transfer plates on both sides of the thermoelectric element. A first heat medium circulation duct has a first heat transfer part for the thermoelectric element to perform heat transfer with respect to the first heat transfer plate, and a first heat transfer part for air provided in an indoor path around an indoor outlet to perform heat transfer with respect to the carry out room air. A first pump is provided on the first heat medium circulating line. A second heat medium circulation pipe has a second heat transfer part for the thermoelectric element to perform heat transfer with respect to the second heat transfer plate, and a second heat transfer part for air provided in an outdoor unit path around an outdoor unit outlet to perform heat transfer with respect to the perform atmospheric air. A second pump is provided on the second heat carrier circulating line.

Convertibility and the possibility of changing the location of individual parts of the building are increasingly desired in modular new buildings. Conventional, central heating systems are not very suitable for such building types. When using a ventilation system with heat recovery, on the other hand, there is always the need to install an additional heat generator to cover the heating load. Many conventional technologies are also clearly oversized for small and/or particularly well-insulated units. There is therefore a need for decentralized, efficient provision of heating or cooling energy (depending on the load case) with low disruptive influences, especially for smaller units, both in existing buildings and in new buildings.

Task

The present application is therefore based on the task of providing a ventilation system with which, in particular, smaller usage units can be efficiently temperature-controlled.

Solution

The underlying object is achieved according to the invention by means of a ventilation system with the features of claim 1. Advantageous refinements result from the associated subclaims.

The ventilation system is used to guide supply air into a room and remove exhaust air from the room. To this end, the ventilation system includes at least one supply air duct, by means of which the supply air can be routed into the room. The ventilation system also includes at least one exhaust air duct, by means of which the exhaust air can be discharged from the room. The ventilation system also includes a temperature control unit. This is set up to temper the supply air while energetically utilizing the exhaust air. In particular, when heating, the temperature control unit is set up to extract thermal energy from the exhaust air and to supply thermal energy to the supply air, so that a heating load can be covered in the respective room that is at least partially covered by the thermal energy of the exhaust air. In the case of cooling, this process is operated in exactly the opposite way.

For this purpose, the temperature control unit includes a plurality of temperature control modules, each of which includes a thermoelectric element and two separate heat transport devices. A thermoelectric element is an element which, as a result of the application of an electrical voltage, absorbs thermal energy on a first functional side, the “cold side”, and emits thermal energy on a second functional side, the “warm side”. The physical effect on which this process is based is known as the "Peltier effect". Accordingly, the thermoelectric elements can also be referred to as "Peltier elements". Each thermoelectric element therefore has two functional sides, each of which is of opposite nature, namely in each case a cold side and a warm side. Which of the functional sides takes on which of these two functions depends on the technical flow direction of the electric current, i.e. the polarity of the connected voltage source. The current direction can easily be changed during operation of the ventilation system and the ventilation system can thereby be switched between heating operation and cooling operation.

The heat transport devices are divided into two groups, with the heat transport devices of the first group each interacting with the exhaust air duct and the heat transport devices of the second group each interacting with the supply air duct.

The heat transport devices of the first group interact with the exhaust air duct in such a way that the discharged exhaust air can flow around heat exchange surfaces of the heat transport devices of the first group. This has the effect that thermal energy contained in the exhaust air can be transferred to the heat transport devices of the first group or vice versa. Consequently, for example, a heat transfer medium that can be present in the heat transfer devices of the first group can be heated by the exhaust air. The heat transport devices of the first group are also thermally connected to the functional sides of the same type, for example to the cold sides, of the associated thermoelectric elements, with each heat transport device interacting with the functional side of an associated thermoelectric element. As a result of this construction, thermal energy can be transferred between the exhaust air on the respective functional sides of the same type, for example the cold sides, of the thermoelectric elements by means of the heat transport devices of the first group. In the case of heating, the thermal energy contained in the exhaust air can therefore be transported from the exhaust air to the thermoelectric elements, more precisely: their cold sides, by means of the heat transport devices of the first group. Conversely, in the case of cooling, the exhaust air would act as a heat sink and thermal energy would therefore be transferred from the functional sides of the same type (here: warm sides) to the exhaust air by means of the heat transport devices of the first group.

The heat transport devices of the second group interact in a corresponding logic with the other functional sides of the same type of thermoelectric elements and with the supply air duct. In this case, the heat transport devices of the second group transfer thermal energy between the functional sides of the same type of thermoelectric elements and the supply air, the heat transport devices having heat exchange surfaces around which the supply air can flow.

The temperature control modules of the temperature control unit are connected in series with the supply air duct and the exhaust air duct according to the principle of a counterflow heat exchanger. This means that between the heat transport devices of the two groups of a respective temperature control module on the functional side of the thermoelectric elements is present as small a temperature difference. Using the example of heating (warm exhaust air, cold supply air to be heated), operation is as follows: The heat transport device of the first group of a respective temperature control module interact with the exhaust air duct in such a way that the heat exchange surface of the respective heat transport device is the first, viewed in the direction of flow of the exhaust air is surrounded by the exhaust air. It follows that the thermal energy of the exhaust air in the area in which the heat transport device of the first group interacts with the exhaust air duct has the highest available level, with the temperature of the exhaust air at least substantially corresponding to the temperature of the room from which the exhaust air is discharged becomes. The heat transport device of the second group of the same temperature control module acts in the supply air duct, viewed in the direction of flow of the supply air, as the last heat transport device with the supply air before the supply air is released into the room. As a result, the level of thermal energy that the supply air has when flowing around the heat exchange surface of the heat transport device of the second group is highest compared to the level that is present on the heat exchange surfaces of the other heat transport devices in the second group. In this way, the difference between the temperature levels at the heat transport device of the first group and the heat transport device of the second group of the temperature control module described here as an example is minimal. This type of interconnection of the temperature control modules is particularly advantageous with regard to the energetic efficiency of the thermoelectric element of the temperature control module.

The other temperature control modules or their heat transport devices are connected to the exhaust air duct and the air supply duct according to the same principle, so that the temperature difference between the heat exchange surfaces of the heat transport devices in the first group and the second group is as small as possible. In other words, in the example of heating, the temperature control modules are connected in such a way that thermal energy extracted from the still warm exhaust air is indirectly fed to the already almost completely heated supply air. The remaining thermal energy extracted from the already cooled exhaust air is used analogously to indirectly support the heating of the still cold supply air. In the case of cooling, the connection follows the same logic, but the difference is that the supply air serves as a heat source and the exhaust air as a heat sink.

The ventilation system according to the invention has many advantages. In particular, it enables the temperature of a supply air volume flow that is directed into a room to be controlled using only small amounts of electrical energy. Due to the connection of the thermoelectric elements according to the principle of a counterflow heat exchanger, they work very efficiently, whereby the heat or cold contained in the exhaust air (depending on the load) is optimally used to heat or cool the supply air volume flow. It is true that the thermal power that can be provided by means of such a temperature control unit is comparatively low; However, with regard to the fact that only small usage units are to be supplied, this is not a disadvantage; on the contrary, it is actually desired. The possibility of supplying a building, in particular a building with a modular structure, with thermal energy in a decentralized manner (heating mode) or extracting it (cooling mode) allows demand-controlled operation, whereby only the units that are actually used in a current situation are heated become. For this purpose, it is particularly advantageous that the ventilation system enables particularly short response times and can therefore be used particularly quickly when required.

A further advantage can be seen in the fact that the ventilation system according to the invention can be implemented with a comparatively small construction volume, so that it can be easily installed in a facade, in particular in a sill area of a window. Consequently, in the installation of the respective building, both cable routing and other precautions to supply the individual usage units of the building with thermal energy are omitted. Due to the efficient use of the waste heat of the respective room, this increase in flexibility does not go hand in hand with a disadvantage in terms of energy efficiency.

Another advantage of the ventilation system is that - as described - in addition to the obligatory heating, it can also be used to cool the respective room, whereby the function of the thermoelectric elements is achieved by reversing the technical direction of flow of the electric current, which is connected to the respective thermoelectric element is created is reversed. In other words, in the first case, the functional sides of the same type on the one hand assume the function of the hot side and the other functional sides of the same type on the other side assume the function of the cold side. In the second, opposite case, the "warm side" and "cold side" functions are reversed accordingly. Thus, when cooling, thermal energy can be extracted from the supply air and thermal energy can be supplied to the exhaust air. In this scenario, the heat source is the supply air and the heat sink is the exhaust air.

In an advantageous embodiment of the ventilation system according to the invention, at least some of the heat transport devices, in particular all heat transport devices of the first group, are each formed by a heat pipe. In particular, the heat transport devices can each be designed in the manner of a heat pipe. The advantage of this configuration is that a heat pipe can be used to transfer comparatively large amounts of heat to a comparatively small cross-sectional area. This makes it particularly easy to integrate the heat transport devices into the supply air duct or the exhaust air duct. Furthermore, it is particularly possible to connect such heat transport devices to the cold sides or the hot sides of the thermoelectric elements.

Furthermore, such a configuration can be particularly advantageous in which at least some of the heat transport devices, in particular all heat transport devices of the second group, each comprise a liquid circuit, with a heat transfer liquid being able to be guided in the respective liquid circuit. Preferably, the heat transport devices, which include such a liquid circuit, also each have a pump, by means of which the heat transfer liquid can be conveyed or pumped in a line system of the respective liquid circuit. The configuration described has the particular advantage that large amounts of heat can be transferred, with the heat transfer fluid being able to be supplied to a large heat exchange surface in a particularly simple manner. In particular, the heat transport devices, which include a liquid circuit, include copper radiators in which the heat transfer liquid is guided. This configuration has the advantage that the exchange of thermal energy between the heat transfer fluid and a respective other medium can take place particularly efficiently due to the good thermal conductivity properties of the copper. Such a configuration is particularly preferred in which the heat transfer fluid is formed from water or at least on a water basis. This has the advantage that in the event of unintentional leaks in a respective liquid circuit, only a harmless liquid escapes, which poses no danger to people or the environment.

The ventilation system according to the invention also comprises at least one heat exchanger which, viewed in the direction of flow of both the supply air and the exhaust air, is connected upstream of the temperature control unit. In particular, such a heat exchanger can be formed by an air-air heat exchanger. The use of a heat exchanger has the particular advantage that thermal energy can already be transferred from the exhaust air to the supply air (in the case of cooling, vice versa) before the temperature control unit takes effect when heating. In this way, the temperature differences between the supply air and the exhaust air have already been reduced to a significant extent, as a result of which the temperature control modules of the temperature control unit or their thermoelectric elements can be used with smaller temperature differences between the cold sides and the warm sides. As already mentioned above, this is particularly advantageous with regard to the electrical efficiency of the thermoelectric elements, so that the overall efficiency of the ventilation system is improved as a result of the use of a heat exchanger of the type described.

In order to optimize the heat conduction between the heat transport devices and the thermoelectric elements, it is particularly advantageous if the heat transport devices of the first group on the assigned functional sides are of the same type as the respective associated thermoelectric elements and/or the heat transport devices of the second group are of the same type on the assigned functional sides of the respective associated thermoelectric elements are connected by means of a thermally conductive paste. The transmission of thermal energy with as few losses as possible has the advantage that the electrical energy used at the thermoelectric elements is accordingly dissipated with as few losses as possible and can therefore act as desired in the supply air duct for heating the supply air.

Further developing the ventilation system according to the invention, it comprises a control unit, by means of which the thermoelectric elements can be controlled. In particular, the control unit is preferably suitable for controlling electrical power transmitted to the thermoelectric elements and in this way influencing the thermal energy emitted by means of the thermoelectric elements. In a particularly preferred manner, the control unit is suitable for controlling the thermoelectric elements of all existing temperature control modules independently of one another, but at least together in groups.

In a particularly preferred manner, the control unit is set up to change the electrical power transmitted to the thermoelectric elements by means of pulse width modulation. As a result, the power of the thermoelectric elements can be set particularly easily and flexibly. In this configuration, the ventilation system can therefore be operated particularly as required.

If a control unit is present, it can also be advantageous if it is set up to change the electrical output of at least one thermoelectric element in such a way that a defined operating point of the respective thermoelectric element is continuously approximated. The operating point can in particular be defined by the user. The defined operating point is preferably formed by an operating point that is optimized in terms of electrical efficiency. The control unit is preferably set up to carry out the approximation of the defined operating point for all thermoelectric elements. Thus, in particular, an attempt can be made to change the electrical power applied to a respective thermoelectric element as a function of the current temperature difference between the hot side and the cold side of the respective thermoelectric element. This change follows a predetermined function that can be stored, for example, in a memory module of the control unit.

If the ventilation system includes a control unit, it can also be particularly advantageous if the ventilation system also includes at least one sensor device. This is suitable for acquiring information relating to at least one operating parameter of the ventilation system or at least one environmental parameter, the sensor device being connected to the control unit in a data-transmitting manner. In this way it is possible to send information recorded by the sensor device to the control unit, so that this information can be processed by the control unit. Accordingly, there is the possibility of controlling the thermoelectric elements depending on the recorded information. The ventilation system preferably includes a plurality of sensor devices that can be set up in particular to measure temperatures. Thus, for the control of the thermoelectric elements, in particular the temperature of the supply air, the temperature of the exhaust air or the like can be of interest for the control of the thermoelectric elements.

Furthermore, the control unit can preferably be operated according to at least one specifiable operating program, with a thermal power of the temperature control unit, which corresponds to a sum of all thermal powers of the thermoelectric elements, depending on a temperature of the exhaust air and/or a temperature of the air present in the room to be ventilated is regulated. In this configuration, the thermoelectric elements can be controlled in such a way that the power transmitted to the thermoelectric elements corresponds to the provision of a current target value for the thermal power of the temperature control unit.

The underlying object is also achieved by means of a building of modular design with the features of claim 13. Advantageous refinements result from the associated subclaims.

The building is formed by a large number of individual room modules, with the building preferably being composed of the individual room modules at the site of its construction. In particular, the individual room modules can be delivered to the construction site and assembled there to form the building, with each of the room modules preferably being designed independently according to the principle of a (residential) container. A large number of room modules each includes at least one heat generator that is suitable for decentralized temperature control of the room modules. In other words, at least the room modules of the building that have their own heat generator can be temperature-controlled independently of the other room modules. The building according to the invention is characterized in that at least one of the heat generators, preferably all heat generators, is formed by a ventilation system according to the present invention.

The resulting advantages have already been explained above. In particular, it is possible to control the temperature of the room modules independently of one another, with particularly energy-efficient operation being possible as a result of the construction of the ventilation system according to the invention. Furthermore, the installation is particularly easy, with a respective ventilation system preferably already being installed away from the construction site in a facade or a window sill of the respective room module, so that a further structural step for installing one or more heat generators on the construction site is not required. Instead, the individual room modules are preferably already equipped with a respective ventilation system, which can be put into operation without further installation effort. Ideally, this only requires the production of an electrical connection.

The heat generator of at least one of the modules is preferably integrated into a facade of the respective edge module. In this way, the heat generator does not take up any additional space within the room module. Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous if the heat generator of at least one edge module is integrated into a window sill of the respective edge module.

character list

• 1: Eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Lüftungsanlage,
• 2: Eine schematische Darstellung eines Gebäudes, das von einer Vielzahl von Raummodulen zusammengesetzt ist.

The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment which is illustrated in the figures. It shows:

• 1 : A schematic representation of a ventilation system according to the invention,
• 2 : A schematic representation of a building composed of a multitude of room modules.

An embodiment in the 1 and 2 is shown comprises a ventilation system 1 according to the invention, which is suitable for supplying supply air 2 into a room 4 of a building 19 and for discharging exhaust air 3 from room 4 . In the example shown, the ventilation system 1 is operated for heating, in which thermal energy is to be supplied to the room 4 .

The ventilation system 1 comprises a supply air duct 5 and an exhaust air duct 6 in order to conduct the supply air 2 and the exhaust air 3, respectively. In this case, it is set up to heat the supply air 2 while energetically utilizing the exhaust air 3 before it is fed into the room 4 . For this purpose, the ventilation system 1 in the example shown initially includes a heat exchanger 15, which is formed by an air-to-air heat exchanger. In particular, the heat exchanger 15 is formed by a counterflow heat exchanger in the example shown. Correspondingly, the supply air 2 and the exhaust air 3 are fed to the heat exchanger 15 starting from opposite ends of the heat exchanger 15 and guided crosswise in opposite directions through the heat exchanger 15 . The result of this is that thermal energy, which is contained in the exhaust air 3 removed from the room 4 and is therefore warm, is transferred to the intake air 2, which is cooler in comparison. The supply air 2 is heated accordingly, while the exhaust air 3 is cooled. However, the heating of the supply air 2 is generally not sufficient to heat the supply air 2 to a level that is sufficient for supplying the respective room 4 with heat.

Accordingly, the ventilation system 1 also has a temperature control unit 7, by means of which the supply air 2 can be further heated. The temperature control unit 7 has a number of individual temperature control modules 8, of which 1 two pieces are shown as an example. Each of the temperature control modules 8 includes a thermoelectric element 9, which can also be referred to as a “Peltier element”. As such, the thermoelectric element 9 is suitable for absorbing thermal energy when an electrical voltage is applied on a first functional side of the first type, which is formed here by a cold side 12, and on a functional side of the opposite type, which is formed here by a warm side 13. release thermal energy. The thermoelectric elements 9 of the temperature control modules 8 are connected to a voltage source that is not shown in the figures.

The temperature control modules 8 are arranged in such a way that they also use thermal energy from the exhaust air 3 to heat the incoming air 2 . This effect is intensified by the use of electrical energy, with the result that the incoming air 2 can be heated to a desired level. In order to exchange thermal energy both with the supply air 2 and with the exhaust air 3, each of the temperature control modules 8 comprises two heat transport devices 10, 11, with a heat transport device 10 of a first group being connected to the cold side 12 of the respective thermoelectric element 9 and a heat transport device 11 of a second group interact with the warm side 13. In the example shown, the heat transport devices 10 of the first group of all temperature control modules 8 are each formed by a heat pipe in the form of a heat pipe, while the heat transport devices 11 of the second group each include a liquid circuit in order to transfer thermal energy from the respective warm side 13 to the supply air 2 . For this purpose, each of the heat transport devices 11 comprises a heat transfer liquid which can be circulated by means of a pump 14 between heat exchange surfaces (not shown) of the respective heat transport device 11 . The heat transfer liquid is formed here in each case from water. The heat transport devices 10, 11 are connected to the cold sides 12 and the warm sides 13 by means of thermally conductive paste, as a result of which the transmission of thermal energy between the thermoelectric elements 9 and the heat transport devices 10, 11 is optimized.

The temperature modules 8 of the temperature control unit 7 are connected in series according to the principle of a counterflow heat exchanger, viewed in the flow directions of the supply air 2 and the exhaust air 3 . Consequently, the incoming air 2 and the outgoing air 3 respectively flow around the heat exchange surfaces of the heat transport devices 10, 11 in the direction of flow of the incoming air 2 and the outgoing air 3 one after the other. The opposite direction of the supply air 2 and the exhaust air 3 leads to the fact that between the cold sides 12 and the warm sides 13 of the thermoelectric elements 9 there is the smallest possible temperature difference. Thus, the temperature levels that are present on the cold sides 12 and on the warm sides 13 of the thermoelectric elements 9, viewed in one direction of the temperature control unit 7, show a consistent upward or downward trend (depending on the viewing direction). The higher the temperature level of the supply air 2 is already on a respective hot side 13, the higher the temperature level of the exhaust air 3 is on the cold side 12 of the same thermoelectric element 9. Conversely, the same applies accordingly. The arrangement described is advantageous with regard to the energy efficiency of the thermoelectric elements 9, so that the electrical power required to heat the supply air 2 to the desired temperature level is minimized.

The ventilation system 1 also includes a control unit 16, by means of which the temperature control unit 7 or the individual temperature control modules 8 can be controlled. In particular, a control circuit is implemented in the ventilation system 1 shown, with the control unit 16 being connected to two sensor devices 17, 18 in a data-transmitting manner. These sensor devices 17 , 18 are each temperature sensors, with the first sensor device 17 interacting with the inlet air duct 5 and the second sensor device 18 interacting with the exhaust air duct 6 . The sensor device 17 for the supply air duct 5 is arranged upstream of the heat exchanger 15 so that the temperature of the supply air 2 is recorded immediately when it enters the ventilation system 1 . The information recorded in this way is sent from the sensor device 17 to the control unit 16 for further processing. The second sensor device 18 is also connected to the exhaust air duct 6 upstream of the heat exchanger 15 . In this way, it is known what temperature the exhaust air 3 has immediately upon exiting the room 4 . Using this information, it is possible by means of the control unit 16 to determine what amount of electrical energy is required in total at the thermoelectric elements 9 of the temperature control modules 8 in order to raise the supply air 2 to a desired temperature level. Accordingly, the control unit 16 controls the individual thermoelectric elements 9, the power of the thermoelectric elements 9 being variable by means of pulse width modulation.

The ventilation system 1 is particularly well suited for the decentralized supply of individual room modules 20 of a building 19 of modular design. Such a building 19 is exemplified by 2 illustrated. It is composed of a plurality of room modules 20 each having a window 24 . The building 19 includes a number of heat generators 21 corresponding to the number of room modules 20 , each of which is formed by a ventilation system 1 here. The ventilation systems 1 are used in facades 22 of the room modules 20, namely in window sills 23 of the respective window 24. In this way, the ventilation systems 1 require practically no installation space within the room modules 20, and due to the comparatively small volumes that have to be supplied with heat by means of a respective ventilation system 1, a comparatively low maximum thermal output of each ventilation system 1 is sufficient to to cover the heating requirements of the entire building 19. In particular, the temperature control unit 7 of the ventilation system 1 has a total of twelve temperature control modules 8 (and therefore twelve thermoelectric elements 9) in the example shown.

Reference List

1

ventilation system

2

supply air

3

exhaust air

4

Space

5

supply air duct

6

exhaust duct

7

tempering unit

8th

temperature control module

9

thermoelectric element

10

Heat transport device of the first group

11

Heat transport device of the second group

12

cold side

13

warm side

14

pump

15

heat exchanger

16

control unit

17

sensor unit

18

sensor unit

19

Building

20

module

21

heat generator

22

facade

23

window parapet

24

Window

Claims (15)

Ventilation system (1) for supplying supply air (2) into a room (4) and removing exhaust air (3) from the room (4), comprising - a supply air duct (5) for supplying the supply air (2) into the room (4 ), - an exhaust air duct (6) for discharging the exhaust air (3) from the room (4), - a temperature control unit (7) for temperature control Supply air (2) with energetic utilization of the exhaust air (3), wherein the temperature control unit (7) has a plurality of temperature control modules (8), each comprising a thermoelectric element (9) and two separate heat transport devices (10, 11), the thermoelectric Elements (9) each have two functional sides of opposite types, namely a cold side (12) and a warm side (13), and are set up to absorb thermal energy in accordance with the Peltier effect when an electrical voltage is applied to the cold side (12) and to emit thermal energy on the hot side (13), with heat transport devices (10) of a first group each interacting with the exhaust air duct (6) in such a way that heat exchange surfaces of the heat transport devices (10) of the first group can be flowed around by the discharged exhaust air (3) and thereby thermal Energy can be transferred between the exhaust air (3) and the heat transport devices (10) of the first group, with the heat transport devices (10) of the first group interacting thermally with the functional sides of the same type of the respectively assigned thermoelectric elements (9), so that thermal energy is transferred between the respective Heat transport device (10) of the first group and the respective functional side can be transferred, with heat transport devices (11) of a second group interacting thermally with the other functional sides of the same type of the respectively assigned thermoelectric elements (9), so that thermal energy between the respective functional side and the respective heat transport device (11) of the second group, the heat transport devices (11) of the second group each interacting with the supply air duct (5) in such a way that the heat exchange surfaces of the heat transport devices (11) of the second group can be flown around by the supply air (2) to be supplied and thereby thermal Energy can be transferred between the heat transport devices (11) of the second group and the supply air (2), with the temperature control modules (8) viewed in the direction of flow of both the supply air (2) and the exhaust air (3) according to the principle of a countercurrent heat exchanger in series with the Supply air duct (5) and the exhaust air duct (6) are interconnected so that the temperature levels of the supply air (2) and exhaust air (3) on the heat exchange surfaces of the heat transport devices (10) of the first group on the one hand and on the heat transport devices (11) of the second group on the other hand, for each of the temperature control modules (8) the smallest possible temperature difference is present, characterized by a heat exchanger (15) which, viewed in the direction of flow of both the supply air (2) and the exhaust air (3), is in each case of the temperature control unit (7) is upstream. Ventilation system (1) after claim 1 , characterized in that at least part of the heat transport devices (10, 11) is formed by a heat pipe. Ventilation system (1) after claim 2 , characterized in that the heat transport devices (10, 11) are each designed in the manner of a heat pipe. Ventilation system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least some of the heat transport devices (10, 11) each comprise a liquid circuit in which a heat transfer liquid can be guided, with the heat transport devices (10, 11) preferably each having a pump (14 ) for pumping the heat transfer fluid. Ventilation system (1) after claim 4 , characterized in that at least part of the heat transport devices (10, 11) comprises copper radiators, in which the heat transfer fluid is guided. Ventilation system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger (15) is formed by an air-air heat exchanger. Ventilation system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat transport devices (10) of the first group and/or the heat transport devices (11) of the second group are connected to the associated functional sides of the thermoelectric elements (9) by means of a thermally conductive paste. Ventilation system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a control unit (16) by means of which the thermoelectric elements (9) can be controlled. Ventilation system (1) after claim 8 , characterized in that the control unit (16) is set up to change an electrical power present at the thermoelectric elements (9), in particular by means of pulse width modulation. Ventilation system (1) after claim 8 or 9 , characterized in that the control unit (16) is set up for at least one thermoelectric element (9), preferably all thermoelectric elements (9), the power to change in such a way that a defined operating point of the respective thermoelectric element (9) is continuously approximated. Ventilation system (1) according to one of Claims 8 until 10 , characterized by at least one sensor device (17, 18) by means of which information relating to at least one operating parameter of the ventilation system (1) or at least one environmental parameter can be recorded, the sensor device (17, 18) being connected to the control unit (16) in a data-transmitting manner is, so that the information can be routed to the control unit (16) and processed by means of the control unit (16). Ventilation system (1) according to one of Claims 8 until 11 , characterized in that the control unit (16) can be operated according to at least one predefinable operating program, with a thermal output of the temperature control unit (7), which corresponds to a sum of all thermal outputs of the thermoelectric elements (9), depending on a temperature of the exhaust air ( 3) and/or a temperature of the air present in the room (4) to be ventilated. Building (19) in a modular design, which is formed by a large number of individual room modules (20), at least a large number of the room modules (20) each comprising at least one heat generator (21) for decentralized temperature control of the room modules (20), characterized in that at least one of the heat generators (21) is formed by a ventilation system (1) according to one of the preceding claims. building (19) after Claim 13 , characterized in that the at least one heat generator (21) is or are integrated in a facade (22) of the respectively associated room module (20). Building (19) after one of Claims 13 or 14 , characterized in that the at least one heat generator (21) is or are integrated in a window sill (23) of the respectively associated room module (20).

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