WO2023230774A1 - 双线型单向器输出轴加工线 - Google Patents
双线型单向器输出轴加工线 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023230774A1 WO2023230774A1 PCT/CN2022/096042 CN2022096042W WO2023230774A1 WO 2023230774 A1 WO2023230774 A1 WO 2023230774A1 CN 2022096042 W CN2022096042 W CN 2022096042W WO 2023230774 A1 WO2023230774 A1 WO 2023230774A1
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- conveyor belt
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- output shaft
- displacement sensor
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title abstract 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 200
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000004522 Pentaglottis sempervirens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/06—Metal-working plant comprising a number of associated machines or apparatus
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of shaft processing, and in particular to a double-line one-way device output shaft processing line.
- the output shaft processing of the one-way device requires four steps: boring and grooving of the end face - drilling of the center hole on the outer diameter end of the car - spline rolling - drilling of the tooth end face - boring and grooving.
- the performance of the lathe is basically the same. In this case, the four steps take different times. Therefore, when configuring the processing line, the lathe ratio of each section needs to be considered, otherwise there will be an empty machine waiting for materials or;
- the present invention provides a double-line type one-way device output shaft processing line
- a first processing line includes a first conveyor belt, and further includes: boring and grooving equipment, center hole drilling equipment, spline rubbing equipment and drilling and grooving equipment arranged at intervals next to the first conveyor belt;
- the second processing line is arranged in parallel with the first processing line, including a second conveyor belt, and also includes: boring and grooving equipment, center hole drilling equipment and drilling and grooving equipment arranged at intervals next to the second conveyor belt; the second processing line
- the conveyor belt transfers the materials in sequence to the boring and grooving equipment and center hole drilling equipment of the second processing line, then to the spline rubbing equipment of the first processing line, and finally to the boring and grooving equipment of the second processing line;
- the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt are both provided with cutting mechanisms corresponding to the positions of boring and grooving equipment, center hole drilling equipment, spline rubbing equipment and drilling and grooving equipment; and are provided next to the cutting mechanism There is a second transfer mechanism for transferring materials to the first transfer mechanism and transferring the materials to the downstream of the material interception mechanism.
- both the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt include two mutually parallel conveyor belts; the two conveyor belts of the first conveyor belt and/or the second conveyor belt are each provided with an extension section bent toward the rubbing spline mechanism. , and the extension sections are parallel to each other.
- the workpiece correction mechanism includes: a cutting mechanism and a direction adjustment mechanism;
- the cutting mechanism includes: a first blocking rod, a second blocking rod, a first displacement sensor, and a second displacement sensor;
- the first blocking rod, The second gear lever and the first displacement sensor are arranged at the front end of the direction adjustment mechanism;
- the second displacement sensor is arranged at the rear end of the direction adjustment mechanism;
- the first gear lever and the second gear lever are located on the first conveyor belt or the second
- the conveyor belt reciprocates and then blocks/releases the material;
- the first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor are signally connected to the first and second gear levers for controlling the movement of the first and second gear levers.
- the direction adjustment mechanism includes a U-shaped frame; the U-shaped frame is erected above the first conveyor belt or the second conveyor belt, and a passage is opened inside the U-shaped frame along the transportation direction of the first conveyor belt or the second conveyor belt; and a passage is provided inside the passage.
- the first rotating motor the output end of the first rotating motor is provided with a direction-changing clamp facing the surface of the first conveyor belt or the second conveyor belt; the direction-changing clamp is provided with a reversing slot for materials to pass through;
- the frame is also slidably provided with a plug that can approach/far away from the reversing slot; a third sensor is provided in the plug; when the plug moves toward the reversing slot to its maximum stroke, the plug and the reversing
- the grooves are opposite to each other and block the material located in the reversing groove at the same time.
- the second transfer mechanism includes: a second slide block, a second lifting cylinder, a third rotation motor and a second clamping claw; the second slide block is slidably arranged, and the sliding direction is consistent with the transportation of the first conveyor belt or the second conveyor belt.
- the direction is parallel; the second lifting cylinder is arranged on the second slider; the third rotating motor is fixed on the second lifting cylinder; the second clamping claw is fixed on the output end of the third rotating motor and is connected by The third rotating motor drives the rotation.
- a fourth displacement sensor is provided on the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt and downstream of each second transfer mechanism; the fourth displacement sensor is signally connected to the second transfer mechanism for controlling the second transfer mechanism. Transport materials from the cutting mechanism to the downstream.
- the cutting mechanism is a block, which is arranged on the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt along the radial direction; the block is provided with a positioning groove; the notch of the positioning groove is in contact with the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt.
- the transport direction is relative.
- a fourth displacement sensor is provided on the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt and downstream of the second transfer mechanism; the fourth displacement sensor is signal-connected to the second transfer mechanism for controlling the second transfer mechanism to transfer the material Transported from cutting mechanism to downstream.
- a fifth displacement sensor is provided between the loading mechanism and the workpiece correction mechanism; the fifth displacement sensor is signally connected to the loading mechanism.
- two processing lines are set up, and the boring and grooving equipment, the center hole drilling equipment and the drilling and grooving equipment are independent of each other, while the two processing lines of the spline rubbing equipment are shared, which is equivalent to using two lines to perform time-consuming processing at the same time.
- Longer processing procedures can be shared, and short-consuming processing procedures can be shared, which saves the overall processing time of materials, reduces the waiting for materials before short-consuming processing procedures, and increases the average processing volume; and, through the third
- the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt and the matching first transfer mechanism and the second transfer mechanism continuously transfer the blanks and processed materials. While one equipment is processing, the second transfer mechanism can also transfer the blanks and processed materials. Subsequent materials are transferred downstream, avoiding the situation of empty machines waiting for work and material accumulation.
- Figure 3 is a side view of Figure 2;
- Figure 5 is an enlarged view of part C in Figure 2;
- FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the output direction of the second rotating motor and the structure of the dual-holding clamp set in the embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the direction adjustment mechanism of the double-line one-way device output shaft processing line provided by the present invention.
- Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the steering mechanism of the output shaft processing line of the double-line one-way device provided by the present invention from another angle.
- the first transfer mechanism 41. The first slide rail; 42. The first slide block; 43. The first telescopic arm; 44. The second rotating motor; 45. The first clamping claw; 46. Stand;
- Double-line one-way device output shaft processing line including:
- the first processing line includes a first conveyor belt, and also includes: three sets of boring and grooving equipment 21, three sets of center hole drilling equipment 22, and a set of spline rubbing equipment arranged at intervals next to the first conveyor belt. 23 and two sets of boring and grooving equipment 21, and the transportation path of the first processing line runs through the boring and grooving equipment 21, the center hole drilling equipment 22, the spline rubbing equipment 23 and the drilling and grooving equipment 24 (to be done later).
- the above four equipment will be collectively referred to as processing equipment, and the processing technology of the above four equipment corresponds to the processing technology mentioned in the background art);
- the second processing line is arranged side by side with the first processing line and is separated by a certain distance. It includes a second conveyor belt and also includes: three sets of boring and grooving equipment 21 and two sets of center hole drilling equipment 22 arranged at intervals next to the second conveyor belt. And two sets of boring and grooving equipment 21; the second conveyor belt transfers the materials to the boring and grooving equipment 21 and center hole drilling equipment 22 of the second processing line in sequence, and then transfers them to the spline rubbing equipment of the first processing line. 23. Finally, it is transferred to the boring and grooving equipment 21 of the second processing line.
- the purpose of this setting is because, in the entire processing step of the one-way output shaft, the end face boring and grooving - the outer diameter end face drilling center Hole - Drilling of the end face of the tooth part - Boring and grooving are all drilling and cutting of the end face of the output shaft of the one-way unit.
- the processing time is long and the accuracy is relatively high, so the processing time is also relatively long, and Spline rubbing is to grind the outer surface of the one-way device, and the working depth is also shallow, so the processing time is short. Therefore, in actual production, the spline rubbing equipment 23 often appears to be empty and waiting for materials, which affects the processing efficiency.
- the present invention proposes a double-line crossed production line layout structure, using the spline rubbing equipment 23 as the two production lines (the first processing line and the second processing line).
- the relay point allows the materials of the two production lines that have not undergone the spline rolling step to be uniformly transferred to the spline rolling equipment 23, and then dispersed again for processing, which is equivalent to using two lines to perform a long processing process at the same time.
- Short-term processing procedures can be shared, which saves the overall processing time of materials, reduces the waiting for materials before short-term processing procedures, and increases the average processing volume;
- the side wall of a conveyor belt includes a drive motor and a baffle plate.
- the baffle plate is arranged on the output shaft of the drive motor and can rotate inside the first conveyor belt to guide materials from the first conveyor belt to the second conveyor belt.
- the logic of material distribution by the baffle plate is linked to the number of loading times of the feeding mechanism 8.
- the feeding mechanism 8 feeds the material for the first time, and the baffle plate closes the second conveyor belt, allowing the blanks to flow from the first conveyor belt.
- the baffle plate rotates to close the first conveyor belt, allowing the blanks to flow in from the second conveyor belt.
- the boring and grooving equipment 21, center hole drilling equipment 22, spline rubbing equipment 23 and drilling and grooving equipment 24 are all provided with a first transfer mechanism 4 for transferring materials.
- the function of the first transfer mechanism 4 is to: The workpiece to be processed is transferred from the first conveyor belt or the second conveyor belt to the corresponding equipment for processing, and then the processed workpiece is placed on the first conveyor belt or the second conveyor belt and transported downstream.
- the main function of the first clamping mechanism is The function is to realize loading and unloading of corresponding equipment, which improves efficiency and reduces labor expenses compared to manual loading and unloading;
- the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt are both provided with cutting mechanisms corresponding to the positions of the boring and grooving equipment 21, center hole drilling equipment 22, spline rubbing equipment 23 and drilling and grooving equipment 24.
- the function is to block the materials transported by the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt in front of the corresponding equipment to wait for processing; next to the cutting mechanism, there is a device for transferring the materials to the first transfer mechanism 4 and transferring the materials to the downstream of the cutting mechanism.
- the second transfer mechanism 5 can effectively realize the coordinated replenishment of multiple equipment on the processing line; because the material It is transported on the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt in sequence, that is to say, all subsequent materials will be stopped at the first cutting mechanism; for multiple identical processing equipment in a certain section , since the material is intercepted at the front end, subsequent processing equipment will be waiting for materials. Therefore, the second transfer mechanism 5 is used to continue to transfer the material intercepted by the first cut-off mechanism to the downstream, which can ensure The same downstream processing equipment will not be short of materials;
- the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt both include two parallel conveyor belts.
- the purpose of setting up the two parallel conveyor belts is that for a processing equipment, one conveyor belt feeds materials and the other conveyor belt discharges materials. , improves the efficiency of material transfer. If there is only one conveyor belt, after the materials are sent to the processing equipment for processing, the conveyor belt must stop and wait for materials, but with two conveyor belts, there will be no stopping of the belt to wait for materials;
- each conveyor belt is composed of two spaced conveyor lines.
- the two conveyor belts in the first conveyor belt are respectively marked as being far away from the first processing line processing equipment.
- the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt close to the first processing line processing equipment; and the first conveyor belt is composed of two conveyor lines A111 and conveyor line B112 set on the same horizontal line; similarly, the second conveyor belt includes Conveyor line C113 and conveyor line D114; the second conveyor belt includes: conveyor line E211, conveyor line F212, conveyor line G213 and conveyor line H214; wherein, the feeding mechanism 8 and the workpiece correction mechanism are both arranged on the conveyor line A111 (later described in When making an inductive description, for the sake of simplicity, the conveyor lines A-H will be collectively referred to as conveyor lines);
- the two conveyor belts of the first conveyor belt or/and the second conveyor belt are both provided with extension sections 101 bent toward the rubbing spline mechanism, and the extension sections 101 are parallel to each other, because the rubbing spline mechanism needs to accept the second conveyor belt at the same time.
- an extension is set Section 101; in this embodiment, the extension section 101 is provided at the end of the conveying line F212 of the second conveyor belt and the starting end of the conveying line H214;
- the loading mechanism 8 puts a certain amount of material onto the conveyor line A111, it can adjust the transportation angle of the material to be consistent by reducing the width of the conveyor line A111, but it cannot guarantee the direction of the processing surface of the material.
- the corresponding processing procedure needs to determine the orientation of the material so that the processing surface faces the tool head; at this time, it is necessary to determine the orientation of the material on the conveyor line A111 and the conveyor line E211 to be consistent, so a workpiece correction mechanism is set up;
- the workpiece correction mechanism includes a cutting mechanism and a direction adjustment mechanism 72; the first stop lever 711, the second stop lever 712 and the first displacement sensor 61 (along the material transportation direction) are provided at the front end of the direction adjustment mechanism 72;
- the second displacement sensor 62 (along the material transportation direction) is arranged at the rear end of the steering mechanism 72;
- the cutting mechanism includes: a first blocking rod 711, a second blocking rod 712, a first displacement sensor 61 and a second displacement sensor 62.
- Sensor 62; the first blocking rod 711 and the second blocking rod 712 move back and forth on the conveyor line to block/pass the material.
- the first blocking rod 711 and the second blocking rod 712 are cylinders.
- the first blocking rod 711 is close to the steering mechanism 72; its output end is extended and retracted to offset the material, fixing the position of the material at the front end of the steering mechanism 72, controlling the interval at which the material enters the steering mechanism 72, and realizing Blocking and releasing materials; the first displacement sensor 61 and the second displacement sensor 62 are signally connected to the first gear lever 711 and the second gear lever 712 for controlling the movement of the first gear lever 711 and the second gear lever 712 ;
- the setting interval between the first gear lever 711 and the second gear lever 712 is less than two units.
- the length of the workpiece of the one-way output shaft; and the first displacement sensor 61 is located close to the first blocking rod 711; when the one-way output shaft is continuously sent toward the direction adjustment mechanism 72, the first blocking rod 711 extends first, Block all the one-way output shafts at the front end of the steering mechanism 72.
- the first displacement sensor 61 detects the one-way output shaft located at the first position (that is, the first one blocked by the first blocking rod 711).
- the second blocking rod 712 stretches out, resists the output shaft of the second one-way unit, and blocks all subsequent one-way output shafts; after the second blocking rod 712 resists, the first blocking rod 711 Retract, release the output shaft of the first one-way device, and let it enter the steering mechanism 72. After judging by the steering mechanism 72, if the direction is correct, it will be released directly. If the direction is incorrect, the direction will be changed and then released. After release, The first one-way output shaft will pass through the second displacement sensor 62.
- the execution original device used in this judgment logic is relatively simple.
- Two sets of cylinders and two displacement sensors can realize the control of all one-way
- the position control of the output shaft of the device allows the steering mechanism 72 to have enough time to determine the direction and perform the reversing action; wherein the first displacement sensor 61 and the second displacement sensor 62 and the first gear lever 711 and the second gear lever 712 are It is electrically connected to the PLC control box, and the PLC control box performs opening and closing control and signal processing.
- the direction adjustment mechanism 72 includes a U-shaped frame 721; the U-shaped frame 721 is erected above the conveyor line A111, and a passage 7211 is opened inside the U-shaped frame 721 along the transportation direction of the conveyor line A111, so that the entire U-shaped frame 721 has a U-shaped structure; in the A first rotating motor 73 is provided inside the passage 7211; the output end of the first rotating motor 73 is provided with a direction-adjusting clamp 722 facing the surface of the conveyor line A111.
- the first rotating motor 73 can drive the direction-adjusting clamp 722 in the horizontal direction. Rotate 180°; the steering clamp 722 is provided with a reversing slot 7221 for materials to pass through, and the reversing slot 7221 is opened toward the surface of the conveyor line.
- the output shaft of the one-way device is two different diameters. It is composed of concentric cylinders, so the reversing groove 7221 is a rectangular groove, and the groove width is slightly larger than the maximum diameter of the one-way device output shaft; the U-shaped frame 721 is also slidably provided with a plug that can approach/away from the reversing groove 7221 723; The plug 723 is driven by the cylinder and the strip bracket provided on the top of the U-shaped frame 721, and moves back and forth in the vertical direction; the plug 723 is provided with a third sensor 63; when the plug 723 faces the When the reversing groove 7221 moves to the maximum stroke, the plug 723 faces the reversing groove 7221 and blocks the material located in the reversing groove 7221 at the same time;
- the structure of the wool material of the one-way output shaft must be clarified.
- the one-way output shaft is composed of two cylinders with different diameters.
- the cylinder with the larger diameter is The end face is pre-opened with slotted holes, and the end face of the smaller diameter cylinder is flat; when the first stop rod 711 is retracted and the first one-way output shaft is released to enter the reversing groove 7221, the plug 723 is in advance at the maximum stroke at , one end of the reversing slot 7221 is blocked, so that the one-way output shaft cannot move after entering the reversing slot 7221 (the width of the plug 723 is greater than the width of the end face slot of the one-way output shaft), and the third sensor 63 is The judgment logic of the infrared sensor is reflection time.
- the third sensor 63 will command the first rotating motor 73 to start and drive the steering clamp 722 to rotate in the horizontal direction. 180°, so that the flat end faces forward, and then the plug 723 is driven by the cylinder to rise, and the output shaft of the one-way device is released; if it encounters the flat end, after judging the reflection time, the plug 723 is driven by the cylinder to rise, directly to the one-way unit The output shaft of the diverter is released, and the existence of the steering mechanism 72 can reduce the requirements for front-end loading.
- the first transfer mechanism 4 includes a first slide rail 41, a first slide block 42, a first telescopic arm 43, a second rotating motor 44, and a dual-holding clamp set; the first slide rail 41 is erected through a stand 46 Above the conveyor line, perpendicular to the conveyor line from a bird's eye view; the first slider 42 is slidably disposed on the first slide rail 41, and the moving path of the first slider 42 covers the processing equipment and the first slider at the corresponding position.
- the dual-hold clamp set is set on the output end of the second rotating motor 44, and can be driven to rotate by the second rotating motor 44;
- dual-holding The clamp set includes two sets of first clamping jaws 45 arranged at intervals;
- the angle between the extension line of the output end of the second rotating motor 44 and the horizontal plane is 45°; one set of the first clamping jaws 45 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the other set of the first clamping jaws 45 is parallel to the horizontal plane.
- the one-way output shaft is in a vertical state, but due to During processing, the processing is performed on the horizontal end surface (or nearby position) of the output shaft of the one-way device. Therefore, it needs to be placed horizontally when it is placed in the lathe. Therefore, two sets of first clamping jaws 45 are provided at an angle to each other and a second control jaw 45 is provided.
- a second rotating motor 44 that switches the direction of the clamping claw 45 solves the problem of the direction of the output shaft of the one-way device;
- a portal frame 99 for controlling the transport direction of the workpiece is provided at a downstream position where the first clamping jaw 45 feeds.
- the portal frame 99 is erected on the conveyor line and includes two legs and The blocking plate fixed on the free end of the foot; when the first clamping jaw 45 places the processed material on the corresponding conveyor line, it also needs to correct the direction of the material.
- the portal frame 99 can achieve this purpose; especially for rod-shaped materials.
- the first clamping claw 45 For materials, in the processing equipment, if the material is taken out vertically by the first clamping claw 45 and placed on the conveyor line, it will inevitably fall over, making it impossible to control the direction; when the first clamping claw 45 takes the material in a When the material is put into the conveyor line in a vertical state, the upper end of the material will contact the blocking plate, and the lower end will contact the surface of the conveying line. The first clamping claw 45 slowly releases, the upper end of the material is blocked by the blocking plate, and the lower end is driven by the conveying line. Since the transportation direction of the conveyor line is certain, the upper end of the material will be dumped on the conveyor line at a predetermined angle to achieve orientation correction and facilitate processing in subsequent sections;
- the second transfer mechanism 5 includes: a second slider 51, a second lifting cylinder 52, a third rotating motor 53 and a second clamping claw 54; the second slider 51 is slidably disposed on the side of the conveyor line, and the sliding direction is consistent with the conveyor line.
- the transportation direction is parallel, and the sliding path of the slide block covers the material cutting mechanism, so that the movement trajectory of the second clamping claw 54 can cross the material cutting mechanism and transport the material to the downstream of the conveying line;
- the second lifting cylinder 52 is provided at on the second slider 51;
- the third rotating motor 53 is fixed on the second lifting cylinder 52, and can be driven by the second lifting cylinder 52 to reciprocate in the vertical direction;
- the second clamping claw 54 is fixed on on the output end of the third rotating motor 53, and driven by the third rotating motor 53 to rotate in the vertical direction;
- the second clamping jaw 54 maintains a horizontal state in standby, and when the material is transported to the interception mechanism via the conveyor line, it is intercepted by the interception mechanism;
- the second clamping jaw 54 is first driven by the third rotating motor 53 to rotate in the vertical direction toward the material, and then the second lifting cylinder 52 drives the second clamping jaw 54 to approach the material to clamp the first stopped material;
- the second lifting cylinder 52 drives the second clamping jaw 54 to rise, keeping the clamped material away from other materials and the surface of the conveyor line, leaving room for rotation; the third rotating motor 53 reverses, causing the second clamping jaw 54 to return to a horizontal state.
- the clamped material is in mid-air and is easier to be clamped by the first transfer mechanism 4; the second clamping jaw 54 remains horizontal and waits for the first clamping jaw 45; when the first clamping jaw 45 pulls the material from the processing equipment After the processed one-way output shaft is transferred to another conveyor line, it will move over to clamp the material in the second clamping jaw 54, and then send it to the processing equipment 2 for processing; during the processing of the processing equipment 2, the second clamping jaw 54 is rotated again to face the remaining material, and the second material is clamped.
- the second lifting cylinder 52 drives the second clamping jaw 54 to rise, and the second slider 51 moves, so that the second clamping jaw 54 is clamped.
- the material passes through the stopping mechanism, and then the second lifting cylinder 52 drives the second clamping jaw 54 to descend, and the second clamping jaw 54 is released to transport the material to the downstream; generally speaking, the model of the processing equipment used in a work section
- the processing time is also the same; determine the number of processing equipment, and set the same number of stop mechanisms, first transfer mechanism 4 and second transfer mechanism 5 again; feed and replenish materials to the downstream according to the processing time of the corresponding processing equipment. , will greatly reduce the stagnation time of materials on the conveyor line and shorten the processing cycle of materials.
- this coordinated feeding and transportation method ensures that the processing equipment can operate at full load, avoiding The empty machine situation is eliminated and the processing efficiency is improved; among them, the first transfer mechanism 4 and the second transfer mechanism 5 are electrically connected to the PLC control box, and the PLC control box performs opening and closing control and signal processing;
- the function of the second transfer mechanism 5 is: after the first transfer mechanism 4 puts the material clamped by the second transfer mechanism 5 into the processing equipment, the second transfer mechanism 5 clamps the second material stopped by the cutting mechanism, After crossing the cutting mechanism, the material is transported from the conveyor line to the next cutting mechanism, waiting for processing; the advantage of this is to effectively realize the coordinated replenishment of multiple equipment. When there are several processing equipment, the conveyor line moves towards the processing equipment.
- the fourth displacement sensor 64 When the output shaft of the one-way device accumulates to a certain number, It will stop below the fourth displacement sensor 64, and the fourth displacement sensor 64 cannot detect the movement. At this time, the fourth displacement sensor 64 sends a signal to let the upstream second transfer mechanism 5 stop feeding; therefore, as long as there is a single The output shaft of the one-way unit is transferred by the second transfer mechanism 5, and the remaining output shafts of the one-way unit will make up the movement. After the fourth displacement sensor 64 detects the motion signal, it can immediately send out a signal, and the upstream second transfer mechanism 5 will Replenishing materials can effectively shorten the stagnation time of materials on the conveyor line, ensuring that there are materials in front of the 5th station of each second transfer mechanism, shortening the processing cycle of materials, and improving processing efficiency. Among them, the fourth displacement sensor 64 and the second transfer mechanism Mechanism 5 is electrically connected to the PLC control box of the corresponding section, and the PLC control box performs opening and closing control and signal processing;
- the cutting mechanism is a block 3 with a rectangular structure; it is arranged radially on the conveyor line, but does not contact the surface of the conveyor line (the purpose is not to cause friction with the surface of the conveyor belt when the conveyor belt is running);
- the stopper 3 is provided with a positioning slot 31; the notch of the positioning slot 31 is opposite to the transportation direction of the conveyor line, and is used to limit the stopped one-way output shaft when the one-way output shaft is stopped. position to prevent it from turning horizontally.
- the front end of the conveyor belt A is provided with a loading mechanism 8.
- the loading mechanism 8 is a pallet-type loading machine, which can dump the one-way output shaft on the pallet onto the conveying line A111.
- the fifth displacement sensor 65 is provided on the conveyor line, that is, the conveyor belt C; the fifth displacement sensor 65 is provided between the loading mechanism 8 and the workpiece correction mechanism, and is connected with the signal of the loading mechanism 8, and its judgment logic is the same as that of the fifth displacement sensor 65.
- the four displacement sensors 64 are similar, except that the fifth displacement sensor 65 is provided with delay logic.
- the output shaft of the one-way device will have a certain adjustment time in the workpiece correction mechanism, and the quantity of materials loaded by the pallet loader is random, therefore The loading mechanism 8 cannot continuously feed materials, otherwise it will cause material accumulation between the loading mechanism 8 and the workpiece correction mechanism. Therefore, when the fifth displacement sensor 65 senses the displacement, a delay logic is set to control the pallet loader. After a certain period of time, the material is loaded, and a processing time of an indefinite number of materials is reserved, and then the material is replenished by the feeding mechanism 8.
- the fifth displacement sensor 65 and the feeding mechanism 8 are electrically connected to the PLC control box of the corresponding section. connection, the PLC control box performs opening and closing control and signal processing.
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Abstract
本发明涉及轴类加工领域，尤其涉及双线型单向器输出轴加工线，包括：第一加工线，所述第一加工线包括第一传送带，还包括间隔设置于第一传送带旁的：镗孔切槽设备、钻中心孔设备、搓花键设备以及钻孔切槽设备；第二加工线，与第一加工线并列设置，包括第二传送带，还包括间隔设置于第二传送带旁的：镗孔切槽设备、钻中心孔设备以及钻孔切槽设备；所述第一传送带的起始端设置有上料机构；所述上料机构的下游设置有工件校正机构；在所述工件校正机构的下游，第一传送带与第二传送带相连通，并在连通处设置有分料机构；还包括用于转运物料的第一转运机构、与加工设备位置对应的截料机构以及用于转运物料的第二转运机构。
Description
本发明涉及轴类加工领域，尤其涉及双线型单向器输出轴加工线。
单向器的输出轴加工需要进行：车端面镗孔切槽—车外径端面钻中心孔—搓花键—车齿部端面钻孔－镗孔切槽这四个步骤，在车床性能基本相同的情况下，四个步骤的耗时也不尽相同，因此在配置加工线时，各工段的车床配比就需进行考量，否则就会出现空机等料或；
在对一批输出轴坯件进行加工时，当上一道工序的单次加工用时较短，而本道工序的单次加工用时较长时，会造成本道工序待加工零件堆积的情况，从而大大地影响输出轴的加工效率，拉长整体的加工周期。虽然可以采用多台相同设备来加速消耗本道工序的待加工零件，但是如何合理的将多台相同设备同时加入到生产线中，从而使得生产线中的待加工零件不发生堆积，是一个亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术中所存在的不足，本发明提供双线型单向器输出轴加工线；
双线型单向器输出轴加工线，包括：
第一加工线，所述第一加工线包括第一传送带，还包括间隔设置于第一传送带旁的：镗孔切槽设备、钻中心孔设备、搓花键设备以及钻孔切槽设备；
第二加工线，与第一加工线并列设置，包括第二传送带，还包括间隔设置于第二传送带旁的：镗孔切槽设备、钻中心孔设备以及钻孔切槽设备；所述第二传送带将物料依次转运至第二加工线的镗孔切槽设备、钻中心孔设备，而后转运至第一加工线的搓花键设备，最后再转运至第二加工线的镗孔切槽设备；
所述第一传送带或第二传送带的起始端设置有上料机构；所述上料机构的下游设置有工件校正机构；在所述工件校正机构的下游，第一传送带与第二传送带相连通，并在连通处设置有分料机构；
所述镗孔切槽设备、钻中心孔设备、搓花键设备以及钻孔切槽设备旁均设置有用于转运物料的第一转运机构；
所述第一传送带以及第二传送带上均设置有与镗孔切槽设备、钻中心孔设备、搓花键 设备以及钻孔切槽设备位置对应的截料机构；在所述截料机构旁设置有用于将物料转运至第一转运机构且将物料转运至截料机构下游的第二转运机构。
进一步的，第一传送带与第二传送带均包括两条相互平行的运输带；所述第一传送带或/和第二传送带的两条运输带上均设置有朝向搓花键机构弯折的延伸段，且所述延伸段相互平行。
进一步的，工件校正机构包括：截料机构以及调向机构；所述截料机构包括：第一挡杆、第二挡杆、第一位移传感器以及第二位移传感器；所述第一挡杆、第二挡杆以及第一位移传感器设置于调向机构的前端；所述第二位移传感器设置于调向机构的后端；所述第一挡杆以及第二挡杆在第一传送带或第二传送带上往复运动，继而阻挡/放行物料；所述第一位移传感器以及第二位移传感器与第一挡杆以及第二挡杆信号连接，用于控制第一挡杆以及第二挡杆运动。
进一步的，调向机构包括U型架；所述U型架架设于第一传送带或第二传送带上方，其内部沿第一传送带或第二传送带运输方向开设有通路；在所述通路内部设置有第一转动电机；所述第一转动电机的输出端上设置有朝向第一传送带或第二传送带表面的调向夹具；所述调向夹具上开设有供物料通过换向槽；所述U型架上还滑动设置有能够靠近/远离换向槽的堵头；所述堵头内设置有第三传感器；当所述堵头朝向换向槽运动至最大行程时，所述堵头与换向槽相对，并同时阻挡位于换向槽内的物料。
进一步的，第一转运机构包括：第一滑轨、第一滑块、第一伸缩臂、第二转动电机、以及双持夹具组；所述第一滑轨架设于输送线上方；所述第一滑块滑动设置于第一滑轨上，且所述第一滑块的移动路径覆盖对应位置的加工设备、第二转运机构以及输送线；所述第一伸缩臂设置于第一滑块上；所述第二转动电机设置于第一伸缩臂的自由端；所述双持夹具组设置于第二转动电机的输出端上，包括两组间隔设置的第一夹爪。
进一步的，第二转运机构包括：第二滑块、第二升降气缸、第三转动电机以及第二夹爪；所述第二滑块滑动设置，滑动方向与第一传送带或第二传送带的运输方向平行；所述第二升降气缸设置于第二滑块上；所述第三转动电机固定于第二升降气缸上；所述第二夹爪固定于第三转动电机的输出端上，并由第三转动电机带动转动。
进一步的，在第一传送带以及第二传送带上，并位于每个第二转运机构下游设置有第四位移传感器；所述第四位移传感器与第二转运机构信号连接，用于控制第二转运机构将物料从截料机构运输至下游。
进一步的，截料机构为挡块，沿径向方向设置于第一传送带以及第二传送带上；所述 挡块上开设有定位槽；所述定位槽的槽口与第一传送带以及第二传送带的运输方向相对。
进一步的，在第一传送带以及第二传送带上，并位于第二转运机构下游设置有第四位移传感器；所述第四位移传感器与第二转运机构信号连接，用于控制第二转运机构将物料从截料机构运输至下游。
进一步的，在上料机构与工件校正机构之间设置有第五位移传感器；所述第五位移传感器与上料机构信号连接。相比于现有技术，本发明具有如下有益效果：
本发明通过设置两条加工线，并且镗孔切槽设备、钻中心孔设备以及钻孔切槽设备相互独立，而搓花键设备两条加工线共用，相当于使用两条线同时进行耗时较长的加工工序而，而耗时短的加工工序可以共用，整体节约了物料的加工时间，减少了耗时短的加工工序之前存在的等料状况，提升了平均加工量；并且，通过第一传送带和第二传送带以及相适配的第一转运机构和第二转运机构，将坯件和已经加工过的物料不停转运，在一台设备进行加工的同时，第二转运机构还能将后续的物料朝向下游转运，避免了空机待工以及物料堆积的情况。
图1为本发明提供的双线型单向器输出轴加工线的布置图；
图2为图1中A部的立体结构示意图；
图3为图2的侧视图；
图4为图1中B部的立体结构示意图；
图5为图2的C部的放大图；
图6为本发明实施例中第二转动电机的输出端朝向以及双持夹具组的结构的第二实施例的结构示意图；
图7为本发明提供的双线型单向器输出轴加工线的调向机构的结构示意图；
图8为本发明提供的双线型单向器输出轴加工线的调向机构另一角度的结构示意图。
上述附图中：
111、输送线A；112、输送线B；113、输送线C；114、输送线D；211、输送线E；212、输送线F；213、输送线G；214、输送线H；101、延伸段；
21、镗孔切槽设备；22、钻中心孔设备；23、搓花键设备；24、钻孔切槽设备；
3、挡块；31、定位槽；
4、第一转运机构；41、第一滑轨；42、第一滑块；43、第一伸缩臂；44、第二转动电机；45、第一夹爪；46、立架；
5、第二转运机构；51、第二滑块；52、第二升降气缸；53、第三转动电机；54、第二夹爪；
61、第一位移传感器；62、第二位移传感器；63、第三传感器；64、第四位移传感器；65、第五位移传感器；
711、第一挡杆；712、第二挡杆；72、调向机构；721、U型架；7211、通路；722、调向夹具；7221、换向槽；7221、堵头；73、第一转动电机；
8、上料机构；9、门型架；10、成品收集装置。
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明中的技术方案进一步说明：
如图1-8所示：双线型单向器输出轴加工线，包括：
第一加工线，所述第一加工线包括第一传送带，还包括间隔设置于第一传送带旁的：三组镗孔切槽设备21、三组钻中心孔设备22、一组搓花键设备23以及两组镗孔切槽设备21，并且第一加工线的运输路径贯穿镗孔切槽设备21、钻中心孔设备22、搓花键设备23以及钻孔切槽设备24(后文在做归纳性叙述时，为了简洁叙述，会将上述四个设备统称为加工设备，并且上述四个设备的加工工艺与背景技术中提到的加工工艺相对应)；
第二加工线，与第一加工线并列设置，并相距一定距离，包括第二传送带，还包括间隔设置于第二传送带旁的：三组镗孔切槽设备21、两组钻中心孔设备22以及两组镗孔切槽设备21；所述第二传送带将物料依次转运至第二加工线的镗孔切槽设备21、钻中心孔设备22，而后转运至第一加工线的搓花键设备23，最后再转运至第二加工线的镗孔切槽设备21，这样设置的目的是因为，在整个单向器输出轴的加工步骤中，车端面镗孔切槽—车外径端面钻中心孔—车齿部端面钻孔－镗孔切槽都是对单向器输出轴的端面进行钻孔以及削切加工，加工工时长，精度也比较大，因此耗费的加工时长也比较多，而搓花键是对单向器的外侧面进行打磨加工，作业深度也较浅，因此加工工时较短，因此在实际生产中，搓花键设备23经常出现空机等料的情况，影响加工效率；那么为了提升加工效率，使搓花键设备23满载运行，本发明提出了双线交叉的生产线布置结构，将搓花键设备23作为两条生产线(第一加工线与第二加工线)的中继点，让两条生产线未进行搓花键步骤的物料统一周转至搓花键设备23，并在之后再次进行分散加工，相当于使用两条线同时进行耗时较长的加工工序而，而耗时短的加工工序可以共用，整体节约了物料的加工时间，减少了耗时短的加工工序之前存在的等料状况，提升了平均加工量；
所述第一传送带或第二传送带的起始端设置有上料机构8，在本实施例中上料机构8 设置于第一传送带的起始端，用于输送待加工的坯件；所述上料机构8的下游设置有工件校正机构，因为对应的加工步骤对单向器输出轴的加工端面不同，因此在运输时就需要将物料的端面朝向确定，使待加工面朝向刀头，因此设置工件校正机构；在所述工件校正机构的下游，第一传送带与第二传送带相连通，并在连通处设置有分料机构；在本实施例的图1中可以看出，分料机构设置于第一传送带的侧壁上，包括一个驱动电机以及一个挡料板，挡料板设置于驱动电机的输出轴上，并能在第一传送带内部转动，从而将物料从第一传送带引导入第二传送带，需要说明的是，挡料板进行分料的逻辑与上料机构8的上料次数挂钩，上料机构8第一次送料，挡料板封闭第二传送带，使得坯件从第一传送带流入，上料机构8第二次送料时，挡料板转动，封闭第一传送带，使得坯件从第二传送带流入，这样反复切换可以保证第一传送带与第二传送带的送料数量保持相对均匀，避免空机的情况发生；
所述镗孔切槽设备21、钻中心孔设备22、搓花键设备23以及钻孔切槽设备24旁均设置有用于转运物料的第一转运机构4，第一转运机构4的作用是，将待加工的工件从第一传送带或第二传送带上转运至对应的设备内进行加工，再将加工后的工件放入第一传送带或第二传送带上朝向下游运输，第一夹持机构主要的功能是实现对对应设备的上下料，相比于人工上下料提升了效率，减少了人力支出；
所述第一传送带以及第二传送带上均设置有与镗孔切槽设备21、钻中心孔设备22、搓花键设备23以及钻孔切槽设备24位置对应的截料机构，截料机构的作用是将第一传送带以及第二传送带运送的物料阻挡在对应的设备前等待加工；在所述截料机构旁设置有用于将物料转运至第一转运机构4且将物料转运至截料机构下游的第二转运机构5，第二转运机构5在本发明中的作用有两个：①将物料从截停机构处转运至既定工位，等待第一转运机构4转运至加工设备内；②第一转运机构4将第二转运机构5预先转运的物料放入加工设备后，第二转运机构5将截料机构截停的剩余物料夹起，越过截料机构，由第一传送带以及第一传送带运输至下一截料机构(即下一台加工设备处)处等待加工，实现对下游设备的补料；第二转运机构5能有效的实现对加工线上多设备的协同补料；因为物料是在第一传送带以及第二传送带上依次运输而来的，也就是说，后续所有的物料都会在第一顺位的截料机构处截停；对于某一工段的多台相同加工设备来讲，由于物料在前端被截停，后续的加工设备就会出现等料的情况，因此使用第二转运机构5将被第一顺位的截料机构所截停的物料继续转运至下游，可以保证下游相同的加工设备不会出现缺料的情况；
所述第一传送带与第二传送带均包括两条相互平行的运输带，设置两条平行运输带的 目的是，对于一台加工设备来说，由一条运输带进行送料，另一条运输带出料，提高了物料转运效率，若只有一条运输带，物料送进加工设备进行加工后，运输带就必须要停工等料，而两条运输带就不会出现停带等料的情况；
在本实施例中，每条运输带又分别由两个间隔的输送线组成，为了便于后续叙述，参考图1，将第一传送带中的两条运输带分别记为远离第一加工线加工设备的第一运输带以及靠近第一加工线加工设备的第二运输带；而第一运输带又由两条设置于同一水平线上的输送线A111以及输送线B112组成；同理第二运输带包括输送线C113以及输送线D114；第二传送带包括：输送线E211、输送线F212、输送线G213以及输送线H214；其中，上料机构8以及工件校正机构均设置于输送线A111上(后文在做归纳性叙述时，为了简洁叙述，会将输送线A-H统称为输送线)；
所述第一传送带或/和第二传送带的两条运输带上均设置有朝向搓花键机构弯折的延伸段101，且所述延伸段101相互平行，由于搓花键机构需要同时承接第一传送带与第二传送带输送的物料进行加工，因此搓花键设备23旁的第一转运机构4就需要向第一传送带与第二传送转运物料(具体为：承接/转运第一传送带的输送线B112、输送线D114；第二传送带的输送线F212、输送线H214上的物料)，因此，为了减少搓花键设备23旁的第一转运机构4的位移量，加快双向转运时间，因此设置延伸段101；在本实施例中，延伸段101设置于第二传送带的输送线F212的末端以及输送线H214的起始端；
上料机构8将一定量的物料投放至输送线A111上时，可以通过缩小输送线A111的宽度来调整物料的运输角度一致，但是却无法保证物料的加工面朝向，但对于车床类加工设备来讲，对应的加工工序需要将物料的朝向确定，使得加工面朝向刀头；这时就需要将物料在输送线A111以及输送线E211上的朝向确定一致，因此设置工件校正机构；
所述工件校正机构包括截料机构以及调向机构72；所述第一挡杆711、第二挡杆712以及第一位移传感器61(沿物料运输方向)设置于调向机构72的前端；所述第二位移传感器62(沿物料运输方向)设置于调向机构72的后端；所述截料机构包括：第一挡杆711、第二挡杆712、第一位移传感器61以及第二位移传感器62；所述第一挡杆711以及第二挡杆712在输送线上往复运动，继而阻挡/通行所述物料，在本实施例中，第一挡杆711和第二挡杆712为气缸，第一挡杆711靠近调向机构72；其输出端通过伸长与缩回，实现与物料相抵，将物料位置固定在调向机构72的前端，控制物料进入调向机构72的间隔，实现对物料的阻挡与放行；所述第一位移传感器61以及第二位移传感器62与第一挡杆711以及第二挡杆712信号连接，用于控制第一挡杆711以及第二挡杆712运动；
在这里详细叙述一下第一位移传感器61以及第二位移传感器62和第一挡杆711以及第二挡杆712的控制逻辑：第一挡杆711与第二挡杆712的设置间隔小于两个单向器输出轴的工件长度；而第一位移传感器61的设置位置靠近第一挡杆711；当单向器输出轴被连续朝向调向机构72送入时，第一挡杆711先伸出，将所有的单向器输出轴堵在调向机构72的前端，此时第一位移传感器61检测到位于第一位置(即被第一挡杆711阻挡的第一个)的单向器输出轴，此时第二挡杆712伸出，抵住顺位第二个单向器输出轴，并顺势阻挡后续全部的单向器输出轴；第二挡杆712抵住之后，第一挡杆711回缩，对第一个单向器输出轴放行，使其进入调向机构72，经过调向机构72判断，若朝向正确则直接放行，若朝向不正确，则调换朝向之后放行，放行过后的第一个单向器输出轴会经过第二位移传感器62，第二位移传感器62检测到单向器输出轴通过之后，第一挡杆711重新伸出，第二挡杆712回缩，剩余的单向器输出轴位置前移，被第一挡杆711阻挡，而后重复上述步骤；这种判断逻辑使用到的执行原器件较为简单，两组气缸，两个位移传感器就可以实现对所有单向器输出轴的位置控制，使得调向机构72有足够的时间去判断朝向以及执行换向动作；其中第一位移传感器61以及第二位移传感器62和第一挡杆711以及第二挡杆712均与PLC控制箱电性连接，由PLC控制箱进行开闭控制以及信号处理。
调向机构72包括U型架721；所述U型架721架设于输送线A111上方，其内部沿输送线A111运输方向开设有通路7211，使得整个U型架721呈U型结构；在所述通路7211内部设置有第一转动电机73；所述第一转动电机73的输出端上设置有朝向输送线A111表面的调向夹具722，第一转动电机73能够带动调向夹具722在水平方向上转动180°；所述调向夹具722上开设有供物料通过换向槽7221，换向槽7221开设方向朝向输送线的表面，在本实施例中，单向器输出轴为两个直径不同的同心圆柱体构成，因此换向槽7221为矩形槽，且槽宽略大于单向器输出轴的最大直径；所述U型架721上还滑动设置有能够靠近/远离换向槽7221的堵头723；堵头723由设置在U型架721顶部的气缸以及条形支架带动，在竖直方向上往复移动；所述堵头723内设置有第三传感器63；当所述堵头723朝向换向槽7221运动至最大行程时，所述堵头723与换向槽7221相对，并同时阻挡位于换向槽7221内的物料；
下面来介绍调向机构72的工作过程：首先要明确单向器输出轴毛料的结构，前文说到，单向器输出轴为两个直径不同的圆柱体构成，其中在直径较大的圆柱体的端面预先开设有槽孔，直径较小的圆柱体端面为平面；当第一挡杆711回缩，放行第一个单向器输出轴进入换向槽7221时，堵头723预先位于最大行程处，堵住换向槽7221的一端，使得单 向器输出轴进入换向槽7221之后无法移动(堵头723的宽度大于单向器输出轴端面槽孔的宽度)，而第三传感器63为红外线传感器，判断逻辑为反射时间，当遇到开设有槽孔的一面时，反射时间较长，第三传感器63判断之后会命令第一转动电机73启动并带动调向夹具722在水平方向上转动180°，使平面端朝前，而后堵头723由气缸带动升起，对单向器输出轴放行；若遇到平面端，判断反射时间之后，堵头723由气缸带动升起，直接对单向器输出轴放行，调向机构72的存在可以降低对前端上料的要求，无需人工对物料进行朝向调整，减少了人力劳动，也降低了对上料机构8的结构要求，使得上料机构8只需满足上料需求即可，无须在内部添加适配的方向调整结构，并且也顺带降低了后续元器件为了调整物料方向的工作步骤以及结构复杂程度。
所述第一转运机构4包括第一滑轨41、第一滑块42、第一伸缩臂43、第二转动电机44、以及双持夹具组；所述第一滑轨41通过立架46架设于输送线上方，从俯视角度看与输送线垂直；所述第一滑块42滑动设置于第一滑轨41上，且所述第一滑块42的移动路径覆盖对应位置的加工设备、第二转运机构5以及对应的输送线；所述第一伸缩臂43设置于第一滑块42上；所述第二转动电机44设置于第一伸缩臂43的自由端，并能由第一伸缩臂43带动，靠近/远离加工设备、输送线以及第二转运机构5；所述双持夹具组设置于第二转动电机44的输出端上，并能由第二转动电机44带动转动；双持夹具组包括两组间隔设置的第一夹爪45；
在本实施例中，所述第二转动电机44的输出端的延长线与水平面的夹角为45°；其中一组所述第一夹爪45与水平面平行，另一组所述第一夹爪45与水平面垂直，也就是说，在正常状态下，总有一个第一夹爪45与水平面平行，另一个第一夹爪45与水平面垂直；在夹持单向器输出轴的时候，如果需要将单向器输出轴的状态调整至竖直或水平，只需要第二转动电机44转动180°，两个第一夹爪45就会切换角度，由垂直于水平面切换为水平于水平面(或相反)，第二转运机构5在给第一夹爪45递料以及第一夹爪45将加工好的单向器输出轴放在输送线上时，单向器输出轴呈竖直状态，但由于加工时均是在单向器输出轴的水平端面上(或附近位置)进行加工，因此再放入车床内时需要水平放入，因此设置两组互呈角度的第一夹爪45以及控制第一夹爪45切换朝向的第二转动电机44就解决了单向器输出轴的转运朝向问题；
对于第一转运机构4中，第二转动电机44的输出端朝向以及双持夹具组的结构，本发明还给出第二实施例，如图6所示，其中，该第一转运机构4的第二转动电机44的输出端竖直向下，垂直于水平面，而双持夹具组的两个第一夹爪45的输出端也竖直向下， 并且两个第一夹爪45通过固定板固定于第二转动电机44的输出端上，这是由于不同型号的加工设备，一般存在两种送料模式，一种是将单向器输出轴水平送入设备内，另一种是将单向器输出轴竖直放入设备内部，设置两种不同结构的双持夹具组，是为了更好地适配不同型号的加工设备；
顺带一提的是，在输送线上，位于第一夹爪45送料的下游位置处设置有用于控制工件运输朝向的门型架99，门型架99架设于输送线上，包括两根支脚以及固定于支脚自由端的阻挡板；当第一夹爪45将加工完成的物料放置在对应输送线上时，还要纠正物料的朝向，门型架99就可以实现这一目的；尤其是对于杆状物料来说，在加工设备内，若物料是由第一夹爪45呈竖直拿出，放入输送线上时，难免会发生倾倒，从而无法控制朝向；当第一夹爪45将物料以竖直状态放入输送线上时，物料的上端会与阻挡板接触，下端与输送线表面接触，第一夹爪45缓慢松开，物料的上端被阻挡板阻挡，下端由输送线带动运动，由于输送线的运输方向是一定的，物料的上端就会成既定角度倾倒在输送线上，实现朝向校正，便于后续工段的加工；
另外，在实际生产过程中，两台钻孔切槽设备24进行加工完成之后，由于是最后的工段，因此无需再将物料放入输送线内，而是直接放入位于钻孔切槽设备24旁的成品收集装置10内进行收集即可。
第二转运机构5包括：第二滑块51、第二升降气缸52、第三转动电机53以及第二夹爪54；所述第二滑块51滑动设置于输送线侧面，滑动方向与输送线的运输方向平行，并且滑块的滑动路径覆盖截料机构，这样使得第二夹爪54的运动轨迹能够越过截料机构，将物料运输至输送线的下游；所述第二升降气缸52设置于第二滑块51上；所述第三转动电机53固定于第二升降气缸52上，并能够由第二升降气缸52带动，在竖直方向上往复运动；所述第二夹爪54固定于第三转动电机53的输出端上，并由第三转动电机53带动，在竖直方向上转动；
下面介绍第一转运机构4以及第二转运机构5的配合工作过程：第二夹爪54在待机中保持水平状态，当物料经由输送线运输至截停机构处，并被截停机构截停；第二夹爪54首先由第三转动电机53驱动在竖直方向上转动，朝向物料，而后第二升降气缸52带动第二夹爪54朝向物料靠近，将第一个被截停物料夹住；而后第二升降气缸52带动第二夹爪54上升，使被夹持的物料远离其他物料以及输送线表面，预留转动空间；第三转动电机53反转，使得第二夹爪54恢复水平状态，此时被夹持的物料处于位于半空中，更容易被第一转运机构4夹持；第二夹爪54保持水平，等待第一夹爪45；当第一夹爪45从加工设 备内将经过加工的单向器输出轴转运至另一条输送线上后，便会移动过来夹持第二夹爪54的物料，再送去加工设备2内加工；在加工设备2加工期间，第二夹爪54再次转动至朝向剩余的物料，将补位的第二个物料夹持，第二升降气缸52带动第二夹爪54上升，第二滑块51运动，使得第二夹爪54以及被夹持的物料越过截停机构，而后第二升降气缸52带动第二夹爪54下降，第二夹爪54松开，将物料运输至下游；一般情况下，在一个工段内所使用的加工设备的型号相同，加工时长也相同；确定加工设备的设置数量，再次对应设置相同数量的截停机构、第一转运机构4以及第二转运机构5；根据对应加工设备的加工时长进行送料以及向下游补料，就会很大程度减少物料在输送线上的停滞时间，缩短物料的加工周期，尤其是以多设备组合的加工生产线来讲，这种协同送料以及运输方式保证了加工设备可以满载运行，避免了空机情况，提升了加工效率；其中，第一转运机构4以及第二转运机构5均与PLC控制箱电性连接，由PLC控制箱进行开闭控制以及信号处理；
第二转运机构5的作用是：在第一转运机构4将第二转运机构5夹起的物料放入加工设备后，第二转运机构5将截料机构截停的第二个物料夹起，越过截料机构，由输送线输送至下一截料机构，等待加工；这样做的好处是有效的实现多设备协同的补料，当有若干台加工设备时，从输送线朝向加工设备内上料会存在上料逻辑困难；因为将待加工的物料全部放入一条输送线上等待加工，物料排满输送线，会存在夹持设备抓取失准的情况，即无法准确抓取到物料或抓取位置不合适导致物料滑落或偏移，影响物料放入加工设备内的位置；截料机构的存在可以让第一转运机构4有一个预定位的功能，由第二转运机构5预先夹起，让物料保持一个预定工位，再由第一转运机构4转运至加工设备内，不仅缩短了上料的时间，还能够提升第一转运机构4的夹持精度；
在所述输送线上并位于第二转运机构5下游设置有第四位移传感器64；所述第四位移传感器64与第二转运机构5信号连接，用于控制第二转运机构5将物料从截料机构运输至下游，这里介绍第四位移传感器64的控制逻辑，第四位移传感器64距离上游的第二转运机构5的距离设定为一定个数的单向器输出轴的长度总和，当单向器输出轴经过第四位移传感器64时，说明下游的第二转运机构5前端还有一定空位，上游的第二转运机构5可以继续送料，等到单向器输出轴堆积至一定个数时，就会停在第四位移传感器64下方，第四位移传感器64就无法检测到运动，此时第四位移传感器64就发出信号，让上游的第二转运机构5停止送料；因此，只要有一个单向器输出轴被第二转运机构5转运，其余的单向器输出轴就会补位运动，第四位移传感器64检测到运动信号后就可以立即发出信号，上游的第二转运机构5就会进行补料，有效缩短物料在输送线上的停滞时间，保证每个第 二转运机构5工位前都有物料，缩短物料的加工周期，提升加工效率，其中第四位移传感器64以及第二转运机构5均与对应段的PLC控制箱电性连接，由PLC控制箱进行开闭控制以及信号处理；
所述截料机构为矩形结构的挡块3；沿径向布置于输送线上，但不与输送线的表面接触(目的是不会在输送带运行时与输送带表面产生摩擦)；所述挡块3上开设有定位槽31；所述定位槽31的槽口与输送线的运输方向相对，用于在截停单向器输出轴时，对被截停的单向器输出轴实现限位，防止其发生水平转动。
在本实施例中，传送带A的前端设置有上料机构8，上料机构8选用的是托盘式上料机，可以将托盘上的单向器输出轴倾倒于输送线A111上，在所述输送线，也就是传送带C上设置有第五位移传感器65；所述第五位移传感器65设置于上料机构8与工件校正机构之间，并与上料机构8信号连接，其判断逻辑与第四位移传感器64相类似，只是第五位移传感器65设置有延时逻辑，由于单向器输出轴在工件校正机构内会有一定的调教时间，并且托盘式上料机的上料数量随机，因此上料机构8不能持续送料，否则会导致上料机构8至工件校正机构之间产生物料堆积，因此，当第五位移传感器65感受到位移以后，设定延时逻辑，控制托盘式上料机在一定时间后上料，预留出上料不定量个数的处理时长，再由上料机构8补料，其中第五位移传感器65以及上料机构8均与对应段的PLC控制箱电性连接，由PLC控制箱进行开闭控制以及信号处理。
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
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- 双线型单向器输出轴加工线，其特征在于，包括：第一加工线，所述第一加工线包括第一传送带，还包括间隔设置于第一传送带旁的：镗孔切槽设备、钻中心孔设备、搓花键设备以及钻孔切槽设备；第二加工线，与第一加工线并列设置，包括第二传送带，还包括间隔设置于第二传送带旁的：镗孔切槽设备、钻中心孔设备以及钻孔切槽设备；所述第二传送带将物料依次转运至第二加工线的镗孔切槽设备、钻中心孔设备，而后转运至第一加工线的搓花键设备，最后再转运至第二加工线的镗孔切槽设备；所述第一传送带或第二传送带的起始端设置有上料机构；所述上料机构的下游设置有工件校正机构；在所述工件校正机构的下游，第一传送带与第二传送带相连通，并在连通处设置有分料机构；所述镗孔切槽设备、钻中心孔设备、搓花键设备以及钻孔切槽设备旁均设置有用于转运物料的第一转运机构；所述第一传送带以及第二传送带上均设置有与镗孔切槽设备、钻中心孔设备、搓花键设备以及钻孔切槽设备位置对应的截料机构；在所述截料机构旁设置有用于将物料转运至第一转运机构并将物料转运至截料机构下游的第二转运机构。
- 如权利要求1所述的双线型单向器输出轴加工线，其特征在于，所述第一传送带与第二传送带均包括两条相互平行的运输带；所述第一传送带或/和第二传送带的两条运输带上均设置有朝向搓花键机构弯折的延伸段，且所述延伸段相互平行。
- 如权利要求1所述的双线型单向器输出轴加工线，其特征在于，所述工件校正机构包括截料机构以及调向机构；所述截料机构包括：第一挡杆、第二挡杆、第一位移传感器以及第二位移传感器；所述第一挡杆、第二挡杆以及第一位移传感器设置于调向机构的前端；所述第二位移传感器设置于调向机构的后端；所述第一挡杆以及第二挡杆在第一传送带或第二传送带上往复运动，继而阻挡/放行物料；所述第一位移传感器以及第二位移传感器与第一挡杆以及第二挡杆信号连接，用于控制第一挡杆以及第二挡杆运动。
- 如权利要求3所述的双线型单向器输出轴加工线，其特征在于，所述调向机构包括U型架；所述U型架架设于第一传送带或第二传送带上方，其内部沿第一传送带或第二传送带运输方向开设有通路；在所述通路内部设置有第一转动电机；所述第一转动电机的输出端上设置有朝向第一传送带或第二传送带表面的调向夹具；所述调向夹具上开设有供物料通过换向槽；所述U型架上还滑动设置有能够靠近/远离换向槽的堵头；所述堵头内设置有第三传感器；当所述堵头朝向换向槽运动至最大行程时，所述堵头与换向槽相对， 并同时阻挡位于换向槽内的物料。
- 如权利要求1所述的双线型单向器输出轴加工线，其特征在于，所述第一转运机构包括：第一滑轨、第一滑块、第一伸缩臂、第二转动电机、以及双持夹具组；所述第一滑轨架设于输送线上方；所述第一滑块滑动设置于第一滑轨上；所述第一伸缩臂设置于第一滑块上；所述第二转动电机设置于第一伸缩臂的自由端；所述双持夹具组设置于第二转动电机的输出端上，包括两组间隔设置的第一夹爪。
- 如权利要求1所述的双线型单向器输出轴加工线，其特征在于，所述第二转运机构包括：第二滑块、第二升降气缸、第三转动电机以及第二夹爪；所述第二滑块滑动设置，滑动方向与第一传送带或第二传送带的运输方向平行；所述第二升降气缸设置于第二滑块上；所述第三转动电机固定于第二升降气缸上；所述第二夹爪固定于第三转动电机的输出端上，并由第三转动电机带动转动。
- 如权利要求1所述的双线型单向器输出轴加工线，其特征在于，在所述第一传送带以及第二传送带上，并位于第二转运机构下游设置有第四位移传感器；所述第四位移传感器与第二转运机构信号连接，用于控制第二转运机构将物料从截料机构运输至下游。
- 如权利要求1所述的双线型单向器输出轴加工线，其特征在于，所述截料机构为挡块，沿径向方向设置于第一传送带以及第二传送带上；所述挡块上开设有定位槽；所述定位槽的槽口与第一传送带以及第二传送带的运输方向相对。
- 如权利要求1所述的双线型单向器输出轴加工线，其特征在于，在所述第一传送带以及第二传送带上，并位于第二转运机构下游设置有第四位移传感器；所述第四位移传感器与第二转运机构信号连接，用于控制第二转运机构将物料从截料机构运输至下游。
- 如权利要求2所述的双线型单向器输出轴加工线，其特征在于，在所述上料机构与工件校正机构之间设置有第五位移传感器；所述第五位移传感器与上料机构信号连接。
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