WO2023226916A1 - 一种磁悬浮型离心泵一种磁悬浮型离心泵 - Google Patents

一种磁悬浮型离心泵一种磁悬浮型离心泵 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023226916A1
WO2023226916A1 PCT/CN2023/095453 CN2023095453W WO2023226916A1 WO 2023226916 A1 WO2023226916 A1 WO 2023226916A1 CN 2023095453 W CN2023095453 W CN 2023095453W WO 2023226916 A1 WO2023226916 A1 WO 2023226916A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic
volute
rotor
annular
centrifugal pump
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/095453
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2023226916A8 (zh
Inventor
韩志富
Original Assignee
航天泰心科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023226916A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023226916A1/zh
Publication of WO2023226916A8 publication Critical patent/WO2023226916A8/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/20—Type thereof
    • A61M60/205—Non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/216—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller
    • A61M60/226—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller the blood flow through the rotating member having mainly radial components
    • A61M60/232—Centrifugal pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
    • A61M60/403—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/419—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being permanent magnetic, e.g. from a rotating magnetic coupling between driving and driven magnets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
    • A61M60/465—Details relating to driving for devices for mechanical circulatory actuation
    • A61M60/489—Details relating to driving for devices for mechanical circulatory actuation the force acting on the actuation means being magnetic
    • A61M60/492—Details relating to driving for devices for mechanical circulatory actuation the force acting on the actuation means being magnetic generated by permanent magnets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/804—Impellers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/81—Pump housings
    • A61M60/814—Volutes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/02—General characteristics of the apparatus characterised by a particular materials
    • A61M2205/0211—Ceramics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3327—Measuring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2210/00—Anatomical parts of the body
    • A61M2210/12—Blood circulatory system
    • A61M2210/125—Heart

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of vibration reduction technology, and in particular to a magnetic levitation centrifugal pump.
  • Heart failure (English Heart failure, Chinese abbreviation as heart failure), in layman's terms, means that the natural heart cannot pump enough blood flow to maintain blood circulation throughout the body. According to statistics from the World Health Organization (WTO), about 15% to 20% of people will suffer from varying degrees of heart failure. The number of people over 65 years old who are hospitalized due to heart failure accounts for more than 50% of the total number of hospitalizations. At the same time, the mortality rate after 5 years is More than 50%. For patients with heart failure, there are only three treatment options: conservative medication, heart transplantation, and ventricular assist. The effect of drug treatment is poor, and heart transplantation is very difficult due to limited donors.
  • WTO World Health Organization
  • ventricular assist device (full name in English is Ventricular Assist Device, VAD) has become the most effective treatment for various types of end-stage heart failure recognized around the world.
  • the main component of the ventricular assist device is a blood pump (full name in English: Blood Pump).
  • the inflow pipe of the blood pump is connected to the left ventricle or right ventricle of the human heart, and the outflow pipe is connected to the aorta or pulmonary artery.
  • the pump is connected to a control driver (with power supply equipment), and the control driver controls the output of the blood pump with a certain
  • the blood pressure generally ranging from 80 to 120mmHg
  • flow generally ranging from 2 to 10L/min
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a magnetic levitation centrifugal pump with small volume and compact structure.
  • This application provides a magnetic levitation centrifugal pump, including a volute, a static magnetic ring and a rotor;
  • the volute has a suspension cavity, a medium inlet and a medium outlet, the rotor is located inside the suspension cavity, and the static magnetic ring is fixed to the volute,
  • the rotor includes a rotor body and a moving magnetic ring positioned on the rotor body; the moving magnetic ring and the static magnetic ring are coaxial and nested to limit the radial position of the rotor body and the volute. set;
  • the rotor body is also fixed with a magnetic steel assembly.
  • the magnetic steel assembly includes N first magnets arranged in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic poles of all the first magnets are staggered;
  • Driving coil assemblies are also packaged at both ends of the volute.
  • the two driving coil assemblies cooperate with the magnetic steel assembly to provide axial force and rotational force for the rotor body to move in the axial direction.
  • the centrifugal pump provided by this application provides axial limit through the magnetic steel components provided at both ends of the rotor body and the corresponding drive coil components on the volute, without the need for additional coils and sensor components, and without additional power consumption due to position control; Because axial position control does not require sensor components, the centrifugal pump implanted in the body has no electronic components, has stronger anti-interference ability, higher reliability, and performance does not decrease with extended working time. Therefore, compared with the existing technology, this axial suspension technology can achieve high reliability and miniaturization of the blood pump.
  • the full suspension operation of the rotor can be realized through the magnetic force between the moving magnetic ring and the static magnetic ring.
  • the volute equivalent to the stator
  • the magnetic steel assemblies are provided at both ends of the rotor body.
  • the magnetic steel assemblies at both ends of the rotor body are symmetrical with respect to the central cross-section of the rotor body and are located on the volute.
  • the drive coil assemblies at both ends are symmetrical about the center cross-section of the suspension cavity.
  • the magnetic steel assembly and the drive coil assembly on the same side form a set of disk motors.
  • the disk motors at both ends jointly provide the The axial force and rotational force of the rotor body moving along the axial direction;
  • the adjacent first magnets are in close contact with each other, or the magnet assembly further includes transverse magnetically permeable magnetic steel, and the permeable magnetic steel is located between the two first magnets, all of which The permeable magnet steel and all the first magnet steel form a Halbach magnet array.
  • At least one end of the rotor body is also packaged with a magnetic component, and the corresponding end of the volute is packaged with a magnetic levitation coil.
  • the magnetic levitation coil When the magnetic levitation coil is energized, the magnetic levitation coil and the magnetic component create an axis. force; wherein the magnetic component includes at least one of an iron core or a second magnetic steel.
  • both ends of the rotor body are packaged with the magnetic components, and the two magnetic components are symmetrical with respect to the central cross-section of the rotor body, and both ends of the volute are packaged with the Magnetic levitation coil, the two magnetic levitation coils are symmetrical with respect to the center cross-section of the suspension cavity.
  • the number of the magnetic components is multiple, evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the magnetic components are arranged between adjacent first magnet steels;
  • the magnetic component and the first magnetic steel are axially stacked
  • the magnetic levitation coil and the driving coil assembly are arranged stacked in the axial direction.
  • annular shell in the inner cavity of the volute, the annular shell and the volute form a sealed cavity, the driving coil assembly is located in the sealed cavity, and the suspension cavity is formed in the Between the two annular shells at both ends, the annular shell is of ceramic structure, and the driving coil assembly is arranged close to the annular shell.
  • the rotor body includes an annular body and a base body, both of which are fixedly arranged in the axial direction, and there is a liquid outlet between the annular body and the base body, and the central through hole of the annular body is connected.
  • the liquid outlet, the central through hole and the medium inlet are coaxial, there are blades between the annular body and the base body to form a fully enclosed rotor structure, the annular body and the base body are internally
  • the magnetic steel component is packaged, and the moving magnetic ring is packaged inside the base body.
  • the base body has a first annular packaging cavity
  • the moving magnetic ring is sleeved on the inner annular wall of the first annular packaging cavity
  • the first iron core and magnet are packaged in the base body.
  • the steel component is located on the periphery of the moving magnetic ring. In the radial direction, the axial height of the middle area of the first annular packaging cavity is greater than the axial height of the edge area.
  • the cover body also includes a base and a cover body.
  • the cover body has a cylinder with an opening at one end and a flow guide cone connected to the other end of the column section.
  • the opening of the cylinder is circumferentially sealed and engaged with the base.
  • the static magnetic ring is fixed to the base through a threaded component and is located inside the cylinder, and the base is threaded and sealingly connected to the volute and coaxial with the medium inlet, and the flow guide cone passes through The central hole of the first annular packaging cavity protrudes toward the medium inlet.
  • a first auxiliary channel is formed between the outer peripheral wall and outer end wall of the annular body and the corresponding inner wall of the volute, and the outer peripheral wall, outer end wall of the first annular packaging cavity and the corresponding inner wall of the volute are and a second auxiliary channel is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the first annular packaging cavity and the cover body, and the outer end surface of the annular body and the outer end surface of the base body both have a predetermined angle with the horizontal plane, From the outside to the inside, the distance between the outer end surface and the horizontal plane increases.
  • the outer end surfaces of the annular body and the base body are each provided with a number of protrusions, the protrusions extend from the inner edge side to the outer edge side, and the protrusions have a predetermined angle with the radial direction, The distance between adjacent protrusions is smaller as it approaches the inner edge or the protrusion has a lower height as it approaches the inner edge;
  • the blades are backward curved blades.
  • the rotor body is an annular shell
  • the number of the magnetic steel components is one
  • each of the first magnets is packaged in the inner cavity of the annular shell
  • each of the first magnets is The magnetic steel extends from one end of the rotor body to the other end.
  • the end surface of the annular housing facing the medium inlet of the volute has at least two grooves, and the opening of the groove faces the medium inlet of the volute.
  • the tank body is located between the adjacent first magnets, and the tank body forms the main liquid flow channel of the rotor body.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a magnetic levitation centrifugal pump in an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional three-dimensional view of the magnetic levitation centrifugal pump
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the rotor shown in Figure 4 from another perspective
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a rotor in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a rotor in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a magnetic levitation centrifugal pump in the second embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rotor shown in Figure 8 of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a rotor in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of the rotor shown in FIG. 10 .
  • this article uses the application of a magnetic levitation centrifugal pump in heart pumping as an example to introduce the technical solutions and technical effects.
  • a magnetic levitation centrifugal pump in heart pumping as an example to introduce the technical solutions and technical effects.
  • the magnetic levitation centrifugal pump described in this application is the basis for research on blood pumps, The technical solution is proposed above, but the magnetic levitation centrifugal pump in this article is not limited to use in heart pumping, and its application in other fields is still within the scope of this article.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structural view of a magnetic levitation centrifugal pump in an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 is a sectional three-dimensional view of a magnetic levitation centrifugal pump
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of Figure 1 .
  • This application proposes a magnetic levitation centrifugal pump, which includes a volute 200, a static magnetic ring 22 and a rotor 100.
  • the volute 200 has a suspension cavity, a medium inlet and a medium outlet, and the rotor 100 is located inside the suspension cavity.
  • the volute 200 may include a first volute 201 and a second volute 202, which form an installation space for the rotor.
  • the first volute 201 and the second volute 202 may be detachably installed to facilitate the installation of the rotor and other components. installation and maintenance.
  • the first volute may be provided with a medium inlet, and the medium outlet may be surrounded by corresponding structures on the first volute and the second volute.
  • An inlet pipe is installed at the medium inlet, and an outlet pipe is installed at the medium outlet.
  • the first volute, the second volute, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe can all be made of titanium alloy.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotor in an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the rotor shown in Figure 4 from another perspective.
  • the rotor in this application includes a rotor body, blades 13 , a moving magnetic ring 16 and a magnetic steel assembly 14 .
  • the rotor body mainly provides an installation foundation for the installation of other parts that make up the rotor. And assembled with the volute.
  • the moving magnetic ring, blades and magnetic steel components are all installed on the rotor body.
  • the number of blades can be two or more, that is, the number of blades is at least two.
  • Each blade is distributed along the circumferential direction, and the blades can be backward-curved blades. , the backward-curved blades can obtain optimized fluid efficiency, shear force and streamline distribution.
  • the diameter of the rotor and volute can be smaller, and the requirements for motor speed and torque can be reduced.
  • the pump can be miniaturized under the same output capacity, and the possibility of hemolysis and thrombosis can be reduced to the greatest extent.
  • the number of blades can be determined according to the specific pump volume, and can usually be 3 to 7 blades. For example, in a specific example, the number of blades is 5 blades.
  • the blades can also be equal-thickness blades or straight blades, as long as they can meet the usage requirements.
  • a static magnetic ring 22 is installed on the volute.
  • the static magnetic ring and the moving magnetic ring 16 are coaxial and nested to limit the radial positions of the rotor and the volute.
  • Both the static magnetic ring and the moving magnetic ring may include two or more annular magnets arranged along the axial direction.
  • Figure 3 shows a specific example in which both the static magnetic ring and the moving magnetic ring have three annular magnetic rings, and the moving magnetic ring is nested on the periphery of the static magnetic ring.
  • the number of annular magnetic rings in the static magnetic ring and the moving magnetic ring is not limited to the description in this article, and can also be other values.
  • the rotor body is equipped with a set of moving magnetic rings; the volute is equipped with a set of static magnetic rings; both the moving magnetic rings and the static magnetic rings constitute a permanent magnet radial suspension bearing.
  • the static magnetic ring can adjust the axial position through the precision thread between the base and the volute, and the radial suspension of the rotor is achieved by the repulsive force between the moving magnetic ring and the static magnetic ring.
  • the magnetic steel assembly 14 is fixed at both ends of the rotor body provided by this application.
  • the magnetic steel assembly includes N first magnets 141 arranged in the circumferential direction.
  • the magnetic poles of all first magnets are staggered. Please refer to the figure. 4.
  • the first magnet in the magnet assembly is arranged alternately according to N pole and S pole to form a circle.
  • Each magnet in the magnet assembly can be packaged inside the rotor body.
  • the first magnets can be in close contact with each other to form a magnetic ring with a full arc. In this way, the disk motor formed with the drive coil assembly installed on the volute can achieve greater motor efficiency.
  • the magnet assembly may also include transverse permeable magnets 18, which are located between the first magnets, that is, an equal number of mutually exclusive transverse permeable magnets are arranged between the first magnets with staggered magnetic poles.
  • transverse permeable magnets 18 are located between the first magnets, that is, an equal number of mutually exclusive transverse permeable magnets are arranged between the first magnets with staggered magnetic poles.
  • 10 groups of staggered first magnets and permeable magnetic steel form a Halbach magnet array (4-16 even-numbered groups are acceptable, and 10 groups are an optional solution).
  • This kind of magnet array can play a role in concentrating magnetism. The effect is to increase the magnetic density between the air gaps of the motor under the same magnet volume, thereby further improving the performance of the motor. efficiency.
  • the arrangement of the magnetic steel components is not limited to the method described in this article, and can also be in other ways, as long as the functions described in this article can be achieved.
  • the corresponding ends of the volute and the rotor mounting magnet assembly are packaged with a driving coil assembly 21 , where the driving coil assembly may include a driving coil 211 and a working iron core 212 .
  • the drive coil assemblies at both ends can be arranged symmetrically with respect to the cross section of the center of the suspension cavity, or of course can also be arranged asymmetrically.
  • the driving coil passes an alternating current to generate a magnetic field.
  • the working iron core amplifies the magnetic field generated by the driving coil.
  • the first magnets with staggered magnetic poles of the magnetic steel assembly installed on the rotor body will produce a shaft.
  • the controller detects the difference in electromotive force or inductance fed back by the upper and lower drive coils, confirms the difference in the distance between the rotor and the position of the upper and lower drive coils, and thereby changes the drive parameters of the upper and lower drive coils (not limited to current, voltage, duty cycle, etc.)
  • the axial force generated by the drive coil on the first magnet in the rotor controls the axial position of the rotor, so that the rotor body is always balanced and suspended at a central position equal to the upper and lower end walls of the volute under the action of the axial electromagnetic force of the motor. operation.
  • This suspension method can greatly reduce the volume and weight because it does not require additional coils and sensor components; the position of the rotor body is controlled by adjusting the current of the upper and lower motors, and there is no additional power consumption due to position control; due to the axial position control There is no need for sensor components, and the centrifugal pump implanted in the body has no electronic components, has stronger anti-interference ability, higher reliability, and the performance does not decrease with the extension of working time. Therefore, compared with the existing technology, this axial suspension technology can achieve high reliability and miniaturization of the blood pump.
  • the full suspension operation of the rotor can be realized through the magnetic force between the moving magnetic ring and the static magnetic ring.
  • the volute equivalent to the stator
  • Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the magnetic levitation centrifugal pump in the second embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rotor shown in Figure 8 of the present application.
  • At least one end of the rotor body in this application is also packaged with a magnetic component 15 , and the drawing shows a specific example in which both ends of the rotor body are packaged with magnetic components.
  • the magnetic component may be at least one of an iron core or a second magnetic steel.
  • the corresponding end of the volute is also encapsulated with a magnetic levitation coil 25. When the magnetic levitation coil is supplied with direct current, the magnetic levitation coil and the magnetic components generate an axial force.
  • both ends of the rotor body are encapsulated with magnetic components
  • the two magnetic components can be symmetrical with respect to the central cross-section of the rotor body.
  • Both ends of the volute are encapsulated with magnetic levitation coils, and the two magnetic levitation coils are symmetrical with respect to the central cross-section of the levitation cavity. , symmetrical arrangement for easy control.
  • the rotation of the rotor body can be realized by controlling the current of the driving coil, and the axial position of the rotor body can be adjusted by controlling the current of the magnetic levitation coil.
  • the number of magnetic components can be multiple, evenly arranged along the axial direction, and the magnetic components are arranged between adjacent first magnetic steels, where FIG. 9 shows that the magnetic components and the first magnetic steel are alternately Detailed implementation of the arrangement.
  • the magnetic levitation centrifugal pump in this embodiment has a relatively compact structure.
  • the magnetic component and the first magnet steel can also be arranged stacked in the axial direction.
  • annular shell in the inner cavity of the volute.
  • the annular shell and the volute form a sealed cavity, and the driving coil assembly is located in the sealed cavity.
  • the magnetic levitation coil The coil is also located in a sealed cavity.
  • the suspension cavity is formed between two annular shells at both ends.
  • This article defines the annular shell installed on the first volute as the first annular shell 203, and the annular shell installed on the second volute as the second volute.
  • Annular housing 204 That is to say, the rotor body can reciprocate axially between the two annular shells.
  • the annular shell is of ceramic structure.
  • the annular shell can be fixed to the volute by bonding or other means.
  • Ceramic materials have good compatibility with blood. Ceramic materials are very hard and insulating. In this way, the wall thickness of the annular shell can be relatively thin and the driving coil can be close to the inner wall, thus greatly reducing the friction between the driving coil and the first magnet. The air gap between the two magnets completely eliminates eddy current losses.
  • the first magnet can be arranged in a Halbach array, which improves the efficiency of the motor and achieves miniaturization of the blood pump while maintaining the maximum output capacity. Due to the ceramic insulation properties, the risk of leakage current from the driving coil to the blood flowing in the volute can be reduced to the greatest extent, and the possibility of interference from external electric fields in the operation of the disc motor formed by the driving coil assembly and the first magnetic steel assembly is eliminated. For example, the magnetic levitation centrifugal pump can still work normally when the patient is receiving electric shock/reversal rate/electrosurgical cutting treatment.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a rotor in another embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a rotor in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • the rotor body includes an annular body 12 and a base body 11, which are fixedly arranged in the axial direction, and there is a liquid outlet 100a between the annular body 12 and the base body 11, and the central through hole of the annular body 12 is connected At the liquid outlet, each blade is located between the annular body 12 and the base body 11.
  • the annular body 12 and the base body 11 are both packaged with magnetic steel components, and the moving magnetic ring is packaged inside the base body 11.
  • Ring body 12 and base body 11 The two are fixedly arranged along the axial direction, and there is a liquid outlet between the annular body 12 and the base 11.
  • the central through hole of the annular body 12 is connected to the liquid outlet, and the central through hole of the annular body 12 is coaxial with the medium inlet.
  • the number of liquid outlets can be multiple, evenly arranged along the circumferential direction. The specific number can be determined according to the specific product, and is not limited in this article.
  • the base body 11 has a first annular packaging cavity 111.
  • the moving magnetic ring is sleeved on the inner wall of the first annular packaging cavity.
  • the first iron core and magnet assembly packaged in the base body 11 are located in the moving magnetic ring. Peripherally, along the radial direction, the axial height of the middle area of the first annular packaging cavity is greater than the axial height of the edge area.
  • the first annular packaging cavity can be formed in the following manner: an annular groove is provided on the base 11, and the lower cover 111 covers the opening of the annular groove to form a sealed chamber.
  • the sealed cavity for installing the magnetic steel assembly on the annular body 12 can also be formed by providing an annular groove and the upper cover plate 121 to cooperate and seal.
  • the rotor in this application can be a centrifugal fully enclosed rotor.
  • the centrifugal pump When the centrifugal pump is working, a large amount of blood flows into the centrifugal pump through the inflow channel. After being accelerated by the centrifugal blades of the rotor, it flows out from the outflow channel and injects the blood into the aorta. Blood circulation throughout the body provides pressure and flow.
  • the centrifugal blades of the rotor are hollow structures.
  • the rotor body 100' includes an annular shell 110, the number of the magnet assembly 14 can be one, and each first magnet 141 is packaged in the annular shell.
  • the inner cavity of the body 110, and the first magnet 141 extends from one end of the rotor body to the other end.
  • the N pole and S pole of the first magnet 141 are respectively close to the two ends of the annular housing 110.
  • the annular housing 110 The end face facing the medium inlet of the volute also has at least two grooves 120.
  • the opening of the groove 120 faces the medium inlet of the volute.
  • the grooves 120 are located between adjacent first magnets.
  • the grooves 120 form the main part of the rotor body.
  • the liquid flow channel that is to say, in this embodiment, the medium entering from the medium inlet of the volute flows out of the tank 120 to flow to the medium outlet.
  • the rotor 100' may be a centrifugal semi-closed rotor structure.
  • the installation method of the moving magnetic ring 16 in the rotor can be the same as that in the above embodiment.
  • the static magnet ring can be installed inside the volute in the following manner.
  • the magnetic levitation centrifugal pump can further have a base and a cover fastened to the base.
  • the cover and the base are sealed and fixed, and the static magnetic ring is fixed to the base through threaded components.
  • the threaded components can be screws, bolts, screws, etc. part.
  • the static magnetic ring is installed in the installation space formed by the cover body and the base.
  • the second end of the volute is provided with an installation through hole, and the installation through hole is coaxial with the medium inlet.
  • the base is threaded and sealingly connected to the mounting through hole.
  • the cover body includes a cylinder with an opening at one end and a flow guide cone 24 connected to the other end of the cylinder.
  • the static magnetic ring is located inside the cylinder.
  • the flow guide cone passes through the central hole of the base body 11 and protrudes toward the medium inlet. The closer the guide cone is to the medium inlet, the smaller its radial size is, so that the fluid at the volute medium inlet can flow evenly in the circumferential direction under the diversion of the guide cone, and then evenly enter between the blades.
  • the base 23 and the volute are connected through threads, so that the axial position of the base relative to the volute can be accurately adjusted to accurately cooperate with the moving magnetic ring on the rotor.
  • the outer end surface 1211 of the annular body 12 and the outer end surface (not numbered) of the base body 11 are both provided with a number of protrusions 1212.
  • the protrusions extend from the inner edge side to the outer edge side, and The protrusions have a predetermined angle with the radial direction, the distance between adjacent protrusions becomes smaller closer to the inner edge side, and the protrusions have an internal spiral structure.
  • a dynamic pressure hydraulic floating bearing is formed between the outer end surface of the annular body 12 and the upper annular shell, and between the outer end surface of the base body 11 and the lower annular shell.
  • a first auxiliary channel is formed between the outer peripheral wall and outer end wall of the annular body 12 and the corresponding inner wall of the volute, and the outer peripheral wall and outer end wall of the first annular packaging cavity correspond to the volute.
  • a second auxiliary channel is formed between the inner walls and between the inner peripheral wall 113 of the first annular packaging cavity and the cover.
  • the rotor When working, the rotor is suspended in the middle of the volute and rotates at high speed.
  • the blades between the annular body 12 and the base 11 and the inner wall of the volute constitute the main flow channel of the pump. Blood flows in from the medium inlet and enters through the central through hole of the annular body 12.
  • the main flow channel between the blades after being accelerated by the rotation of the blades, enters the main flow channel inside the volute and flows out of the volute through the medium outlet.
  • the annular shell opposite to the end faces of the annular body 12 and the base body 11 is made of ceramic. Porcelain material, its surface is hard and smooth, which reduces the possibility of damage to the surface of the annular casing when the rotor and annular casing accidentally come into contact. Because the motor is more efficient, under the same conditions, the thickness of the first magnet in the rotor can be thinner, and the thickness of the outer end wall (cover plate) of the annular body 12 and the base body 11 is also correspondingly thinned, thereby reducing the size of the volute. The length of the internal return flow channel.
  • the outer end surface of the annular body 12 and the outer end surface of the base body 11 both have a predetermined angle with the horizontal plane. From outside to inward, the distance between the outer end surface and the horizontal plane increases, that is, the outer end faces of the annular body 12 and the base body 11 are oriented toward the horizontal plane.
  • the upper and lower outer end surfaces of the rotor have inward tapered surfaces. Therefore, the outer gap of the auxiliary channel formed between the outer end surface and the inner wall of the volute is smaller, and the inner gap is larger. In this way, the blood passing through the smaller outer gap area is sheared. The shear force is relatively high but the flow rate is fast and the passage time is short.
  • the relative flow rate is low but the shear force is also low, which minimizes the possibility of hemolysis and thrombosis, so that there are conditions for auxiliary channels.
  • the gap is relatively reduced, which reduces the return loss of the centrifugal pump and improves the fluid efficiency.
  • the diameters of the rotor and volute can be smaller, and the requirements for motor speed and torque can be higher. Low, thereby reducing the volume of the volute/rotor, achieving miniaturization of the centrifugal pump under the same output capacity.

Abstract

一种磁悬浮型离心泵，包括蜗壳(200)、静磁环(22)和转子(100)；蜗壳(200)具有悬浮腔、介质进口和介质出口，转子(100)位于悬浮腔内部，静磁环(22)固定于蜗壳(200)，转子(100)包括转子本体和定位于转子本体的动磁环(16)；动磁环(16)与静磁环(22)同轴且嵌套配置以限制转子本体与蜗壳(200)的径向位置；转子本体还固定有磁钢组件(14)，磁钢组件(14)包括N个沿周向排布的第一磁钢(141)，所有第一磁钢(141)的磁极交错布置；蜗壳(200)的两端还封装有驱动线圈组件(21)，两个驱动线圈组件(21)与磁钢组件(14)配合以提供转子本体沿轴向运动的轴向力及旋转力。通过转子(100)两端设置的磁钢组件(14)和蜗壳(200)上相应的驱动线圈组件(21)提供轴向力，无需额外的线圈和传感器组件，可以大幅度降低了体积和重量，从而实现血泵的高可靠性和小型化。

Description

一种磁悬浮型离心泵
本申请要求2022年05月23日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210565532.4、申请名称为“一种磁悬浮型离心泵”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及减振技术领域，特别涉及一种磁悬浮型离心泵。
背景技术
心力衰竭(英文Heart failur，中文简称心衰)，通俗来说即是自然心脏无法泵出维持全身血液循环的足够血流。据世界卫生组织WTO统计表明，约有15％～20％的人会患有不同程度的心衰，65岁以上因心衰而住院的人数占总住院人数50％以上，同时5年后病死率超过50％。对于心衰患者来说，只有保守药物治疗、心脏移植和心室辅助三种治疗途径。药物治疗的效果较差，心脏移植由于供体受限非常困难，因此心室辅助装置(英文全称为Ventricular Assist Device，VAD)成为全世界公认的各类终末期心衰最有效的治疗途径。心室辅助装置的主要部件是一个血泵(英文全称为Blood Pump)。一般是将血泵的流入管道与人心脏左心室或右心室相连，通过流出管道与主动脉或肺动脉相连，泵与控制驱动器(带有电力供应设备)相连，由控制驱动器控制血泵输出具有一定压力(一般范围80～120mmHg)和流量(一般范围为2～10L/min)的血液，分担人体正常活动对人心脏的功率需求。
鉴于血泵的使用环境限制，在满足功能前提下，如何使血泵具有集成度高且体积小的特性，是本领域内技术人员始终关注的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请的目的为提供一种体积小、结构紧凑的磁悬浮型离心泵。
本申请提供一种磁悬浮型离心泵，包括蜗壳、静磁环和转子；
所述蜗壳具有悬浮腔、介质进口和介质出口，所述转子位于所述悬浮腔内部，所述静磁环固定于所述蜗壳，
所述转子包括转子本体和定位于所述转子本体的动磁环；所述动磁环与所述静磁环同轴且嵌套配置以限制所述转子本体与所述蜗壳的径向位 置；
所述转子本体还固定有磁钢组件，所述磁钢组件包括N个沿周向排布的第一磁钢，所有所述第一磁钢的磁极交错布置；
所述蜗壳的两端还封装有驱动线圈组件，两所述驱动线圈组件与所述磁钢组件配合以提供所述转子本体沿轴向运动的轴向力及旋转力。
本申请所提供的离心泵通过转子本体两端设置的磁钢组件和蜗壳上相应的驱动线圈组件提供轴向限位，无需额外的线圈和传感器组件，，没有因位置控制额外产生功耗；因轴向位置控制无需传感器组件，植入体内的离心泵没有电子器件，抗干扰能力更强、可靠性更高且性能不随工作时间延长而下降。因此，相对现有技术而言，此种轴向悬浮技术可实现血泵的高可靠性和小型化。
另外，本申请中通过动磁环和静磁环之间的磁力作用可以实现转子的全悬浮运转，这样转子与蜗壳(相当于定子)之间没有机械接触，减小了发热、磨损并最大限度的降低了产生血栓和对血细胞造成碾压破坏的可能性：转子的径向悬浮限位可以依靠动磁环和静磁环实现。
可选的，所述转子本体的两端部均设有所述磁钢组件，所述转子本体两端部的所述磁钢组件关于所述转子本体的中心横截面对称，位于所述蜗壳两端部的驱动线圈组件关于所述悬浮腔的中心横截面对称，所述磁钢组件与同侧的所述驱动线圈组件形成一组盘式电机，两端部的盘式电机共同提供所述转子本体的沿轴向运动的轴向力及旋转力；
或者/和，相邻所述第一磁钢紧密贴合，或者所述磁钢组件还包括横向导磁磁钢，所述导磁磁钢位于两所述第一磁钢之间，所有所述导磁磁钢和所有所述第一磁钢形成Halbach(海尔贝克)磁钢阵列。
可选的，所述转子本体的至少一端部还封装有磁性部件，所述蜗壳的相应端部封装有磁浮线圈，当所述磁浮线圈通电时，所述磁浮线圈与所述磁性部件产生轴向力；其中所述磁性部件包括铁芯或第二磁钢至少其中一者。
可选的，所述转子本体的两端部均封装有所述磁性部件，并且两所述磁性部件关于所述转子本体的中心横截面对称，所述蜗壳的两端部均封装有所述磁浮线圈，两所述磁浮线圈关于所述悬浮腔的中心横截面对称。
可选的，所述磁性部件的数量为多个，沿周向均匀布置，所述磁性部件布置于相邻所述第一磁钢之间；
或者/和，所述磁性部件与所述第一磁钢沿轴向叠置；
或者/和，所述磁浮线圈和所述驱动线圈组件沿轴向叠置布置。
可选的，所述蜗壳的内腔中具有环形壳体，所述环形壳体与所述蜗壳围成密封腔，所述驱动线圈组件位于所述密封腔，所述悬浮腔形成于位于两端的两环形壳体之间，所述环形壳体为陶瓷结构，所述驱动线圈组件贴靠所述环形壳体布置。
可选的，所述转子本体包括环形体和座体，二者沿轴向固连布置，并且所述环形体和所述座体之间具有出液口，所述环形体的中心通孔连通所述出液口，所述中心通孔与所述介质进口同轴，所述环形体和所述座体之间具有叶片以形成全封闭转子结构，所述环形体和所述座体内部均封装有所述磁钢组件，所述动磁环封装于所述座体内部。
可选的，所述座体具有第一环状封装腔，所述动磁环套设于所述第一环状封装腔的内环壁，封装于所述座体的第一铁芯和磁钢组件位于所述动磁环外围，沿径向，所述第一环状封装腔中间区域的轴向高度大于所述边缘区域的轴向高度。
可选的，还包括底座和罩体，所述罩体具有一端开口的柱筒以及连接于所述柱段另一端的导流锥，所述柱筒的开口周向密封扣合于所述底座，所述静磁环通过螺纹部件固定于所述底座且位于所述柱筒内部，并且所述底座与所述蜗壳螺纹密封连接且与所述介质进口同轴，所述导流锥穿过所述第一环状封装腔的中心孔且朝向所述介质进口凸出。
可选的，所述环形体的外周壁、外端壁与所述蜗壳相应内壁之间形成第一辅助通道，所述第一环状封装腔的外周壁、外端壁与蜗壳相应内壁之间，以及所述第一环状封装腔的内周壁与所述罩体之间形成第二辅助通道，并且所述环形体的外端面和座体的外端面均与水平面具有预定夹角，由外向内，所述外端面距离水平面的距离增大。
可选的，所述环形体和所述座体的外端面均设置有若干凸起，所述凸起自内缘侧向外缘侧延伸，并且所述凸起与径向具有预定夹角，相邻凸起之间的距离越靠近内缘侧越小或者所述凸起越靠近内缘高度越低；
或者/和，所述叶片为后弯式叶片。
可选的，所述转子本体为环状壳体，所述磁钢组件的数量为一个，每一个所述第一磁钢封装于所述环状壳体的内腔，每一个所述第一磁钢自所述转子本体一端延伸至另一端，所述环状壳体朝向蜗壳的介质进口的端面具有至少两个槽体，所述槽体的开口朝向所述蜗壳的介质进口，所述槽体位于相邻所述第一磁钢之间，所述槽体形成所述转子本体的主液流通道。
附图说明
图1为本申请一种实施例中磁悬浮型离心泵的三维结构示意图；
图2为磁悬浮型离心泵的剖视三维图；
图3为图1的剖视结构示意图；
图4为本申请一种实施例中转子的结构示意图；
图5为图4所示转子的另一视角的示意图；
图6为本申请另一实施例中转子的示意图；
图7为本申请再一种实施例中转子的示意图；
图8为本申请第二种实施例中磁悬浮型离心泵的剖视示意图；
图9为本申请图8所示转子的剖视示意图；
图10为本申请再一种实施例中转子的示意图；
图11为图10所示转子的局部剖视图。
其中，图1至图11中：
100转子；11座体；111下盖板；112第一环状封装腔；113内周壁；12环形体；121上盖板；1211外端面；1212凸起；13叶片；14磁钢组件；15磁性部件；16动磁环；18导磁磁钢；
100’转子；14磁钢组件；141第一磁钢；110环状壳体；120槽体；111’盖板；
200蜗壳；201第一蜗壳；202第二蜗壳；203第一环形壳体；204第二环形壳体；21驱动线圈组件；211驱动线圈；212工作铁芯；22静磁环；23底座；24导流锥；25磁浮线圈；
300进口管；
400出口管；
1a第一辅助通道；1b第二辅助通道；100a出液口。
具体实施方式
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“左”、“右”、“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或者位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述技术的简洁，而并不是指示或者暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等词仅是为了便于描述结构和/或功能相同或者相类似的两个以上的结构或者部件，并不表示对于顺序和/或重要性的某种特殊限定。
不失一般性，本文以磁悬浮型离心泵应用于心脏泵血为例介绍技术方案和技术效果，本领域内技术人员应当理解，本申请所述的磁悬浮型离心泵虽然是在研究血泵的基础上提出技术方案，但是本文中的磁悬浮型离心泵不局限于应用于心脏泵血，应用于其他领域依旧在本文的保护范围之内。
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本申请的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施例对本申请作进一步的详细说明。
请参考图1至图3，图1为本申请一种实施例中磁悬浮型离心泵的三维结构示意图；图2为磁悬浮型离心泵的剖视三维图；图3为图1的剖视结构示意图。
本申请提出了一种磁悬浮型离心泵，包括蜗壳200、静磁环22和转子100，蜗壳200具有悬浮腔、介质进口和介质出口，转子100位于悬浮腔内部。
其中，蜗壳200可以包括第一蜗壳201和第二蜗壳202，二者围成转子的安装空间，第一蜗壳201和第二蜗壳202可以可拆卸安装，以便于转子等零部件的安装及维护。第一蜗壳上可以设置有介质进口，介质出口可以由第一蜗壳和第二蜗壳上的相应结构共同围成。介质进口安装有进口管，介质出口安装有出口管，第一蜗壳、第二蜗壳、进口管和出口管可以均为钛合金材质。
请进一步参考图4和图5，图4为本申请一种实施例中转子的结构示意图；图5为图4所示转子的另一视角的示意图。
本申请中的转子包括转子本体、叶片13、动磁环16和磁钢组件14。
其中，转子本体主要为组成转子的其他零部件的安装提供安装基础以 及与蜗壳配合装配。后文将具体介绍转子本体的一种具体结构。动磁环、叶片和磁钢组件均安装于转子本体，叶片的数量可以为两个或者两个以上，即叶片的数量至少为两个，各叶片沿周向分布，叶片可以为后弯式叶片，后弯式叶片在获得最优化的流体效率、剪切力和流线分布，在相同的输出流量、压力的要求下，转子和蜗壳的直径可以更小，对电机转速和扭矩的要求可以更低，可以减小蜗壳、转子和电机的体积，在相同输出能力的条件下能够实现泵的小型化，并最大程度的降低了溶血和血栓发生的可能性。
其中叶片的数量可以根据具体泵体积而定，通常可以为3至7片，例如一种具体示例中叶片的数量为5片。
当然，叶片也可以为等厚度叶片或者直叶片，只要能够满足使用需求即可。
蜗壳上安装有静磁环22，静磁环与动磁环16同轴且嵌套配置以限制转子与蜗壳的径向位置。静磁环和动磁环二者可以均包括为沿轴向布置的两个或者两个以上的环形磁铁。图3中示出了静磁环和动磁环均具有三个环形磁环的具体示例，动磁环嵌套与静磁环的外围。当然静磁环和动磁环中环形磁环的数量不局限于本文描述，还可以为其他数值。如上所述转子本体安装有一组动磁环；蜗壳安装有一组静磁环；动磁环和静磁环二者构成永磁径向悬浮轴承。静磁环可以通过底座与蜗壳之间的精密螺纹调节轴向位置，转子的径向悬浮依靠动磁环和静磁环之间的斥力实现。
本申请所提供的转子本体的两端部均固定有磁钢组件14，磁钢组件包括N个沿周向排布的第一磁钢141，所有第一磁钢的磁极交错布置，请参考图4，磁钢组件中第一磁钢按照N极、S极交替布置形成一周。磁钢组件中各磁钢可以封装于转子本体的内部。其中在一种示例中第一磁钢之间可以紧密贴合，组成一个满极弧的磁环，这样与蜗壳上安装的驱动线圈组件形成的盘式电机可以获得较大的电机效率。
当然，磁钢组件还可以包括横向导磁磁钢18，导磁磁钢18位于第一磁钢之间，即在磁极交错的第一磁钢之间布置同等数量互斥的横向导磁磁钢，例如10组交错第一磁钢和导磁磁钢组成Halbach磁钢阵列(4-16偶数组均可，10组为一种可选的方案)，这种磁钢阵列可以起到聚磁的效果，在同等的磁钢体积下提高了电机气隙之间的磁密，从而进一步提高了电机 效率。
当然，磁钢组件的设置不局限于本文所述的方式，还可以为其他方式，只要能够实现本文所述的功能即可。
相应地，涡壳与转子安装磁钢组件相对应的端部均封装有驱动线圈组件21，其中驱动线圈组件可以包括驱动线圈211和工作铁芯212。两端的驱动线圈组件可以关于悬浮腔中心横截面对称设置，当然也可以非对称设置。工作时，驱动线圈通入交变电流产生磁场，工作铁芯对驱动线圈所产生的磁场起到放大功能，安装于转子本体的磁钢组件的各磁极交错布置的第一磁钢将会产生轴向力，控制器通过检测上下驱动线圈反馈的电动势或电感差异，确认转子距离上下驱动线圈位置的差异，从而通过调节上下驱动线圈的驱动参数(不限于电流、电压、占空比等)，改变驱动线圈对转子内第一磁钢产生的轴向力大小，从而控制转子的轴向位置，使转子本体在电机轴向电磁力的作用下始终平衡在距离蜗壳上下端壁相等的中央位置悬浮运转。
此种悬浮方式因无需额外的线圈和传感器组件，可以大幅度降低了体积和重量；转子本体位置的控制是依靠调节上下电机的电流实现，没有因位置控制额外产生功耗；因轴向位置控制无需传感器组件，植入体内的离心泵没有电子器件，抗干扰能力更强、可靠性更高且性能不随工作时间延长而下降。因此，相对现有技术而言，此种轴向悬浮技术可实现血泵的高可靠性和小型化。
另外，本申请中通过动磁环和静磁环之间的磁力作用可以实现转子的全悬浮运转，这样转子与蜗壳(相当于定子)之间没有机械接触，减小了发热、磨损并最大限度的降低了产生血栓和对血细胞造成碾压破坏的可能性：转子的径向悬浮限位可以依靠动磁环和静磁环实现。
请参考图8和图9，图8为本申请第二种实施例中磁悬浮型离心泵的剖视示意图；图9为本申请图8所示转子的剖视示意图。
为了简化控制逻辑，本申请中的转子本体的至少一端部还封装有磁性部件15，附图示出了转子本体的两端部均封装有磁性部件的具体示例。磁性部件可以为铁芯或者第二磁钢至少其中一者。蜗壳的相应端部还封装有磁浮线圈25，当磁浮线圈通直流电时，磁浮线圈与磁性部件产生轴向力。
当转子本体的两端部均封装有磁性部件时，两磁性部件可以关于转子本体的中心横截面对称，蜗壳的两端部均封装有磁浮线圈，两磁浮线圈关于悬浮腔的中心横截面对称，对称布置便于控制。
这样可以通过控制驱动线圈的电流实现转子本体的转动，控制磁浮线圈的电流实现转子本体轴向位置的调节。
在一种具体示例中，磁性部件的数量可以为多个，沿轴向均匀布置，磁性部件布置于相邻第一磁钢之间，其中图9中示出了磁性部件和第一磁钢相间布置的具体实施方式。该实施方式的磁悬浮离心泵结构比较紧凑。
当然磁性部件和第一磁钢也可以沿轴向叠置布置。
在这一种具体示例中，蜗壳的内腔中具有环形壳体，环形壳体与蜗壳围成密封腔，驱动线圈组件位于密封腔中，当然对于上述具有磁浮线圈的实施例中，磁浮线圈也位于密封腔中。悬浮腔形成于两端的两个环形壳体之间，本文将安装于第一蜗壳的环形壳体定义为第一环形壳体203，将安装于第二蜗壳的环形壳体定义为第二环形壳体204。也就是说，转子本体可以在两环形壳体之间往复轴向运动。其中环形壳体为陶瓷结构。
环形壳体可以通过粘接或者其他方式与蜗壳固定。
陶瓷材料与血液的相容性较佳，陶瓷材料十分坚硬且绝缘，这样环形壳体的壁厚可以比较薄并且驱动线圈可以紧贴内壁，从而极大的降低了驱动线圈与第一磁钢之间的气隙且完全消除了涡流损失，第一磁钢可采用Halbach阵列排布，提高了电机的效率，在保持最大输出能力不变的前提下实现了血泵的小型化。因陶瓷绝缘特性同时可以最大程度的降低驱动线圈对蜗壳内流动的血液产生漏电流的风险，并消除了驱动线圈组件和第一磁钢组件形成盘式电机运行受外部电场干扰的可能性。例如：患者在接受电击/电复率/电刀切割治疗时，磁悬浮型离心泵依然能正常工作。
请参考图6和图7，图6为本申请另一实施例中转子的示意图；图7为本申请再一种实施例中转子的示意图。
在一种示例中，转子本体包括环形体12和座体11，二者沿轴向固连布置，并且环形体12和座体11之间具有出液口100a，环形体12的中心通孔连通出液口，各叶片位于环形体12和座体11之间，环形体12和座体11内部均封装有磁钢组件，动磁环封装于座体11内部。环形体12和座体 11二者沿轴向固连布置，并且环形体12和座体11之间具有出液口，环形体12的中心通孔连通出液口，环形体12的中心通孔与介质进口同轴，出液口的数量可以为多个，沿周向均匀布置，具体数量可以根据具体产品而定，本文不做限定。
具体地，座体11具有第一环状封装腔111，动磁环套设于第一环状封装腔的内环壁，封装于座体11的第一铁芯和磁钢组件位于动磁环外围，沿径向，第一环状封装腔中间区域的轴向高度大于边缘区域的轴向高度。
这样可以尽量减少封装腔对泵内部流体空间的占据，有利于结构紧凑。
为了方便安装，第一环状封装腔可以由以下方式形成，座体11上设置环形凹槽，下盖板111盖合于环形凹槽的槽口形成密封腔室。同理，环形体12上安装磁钢组件的密封腔也可以采用设置环形凹槽和上盖板121配合密封的方式形成。
本申请中的转子可以为离心式全封闭式转子，当离心式泵工作时，大量血液通过流入道流入离心泵内部，经过转子离心叶片加速后，由流出道流出，将血液注入主动脉，为全身的血液循环提供压力和流量。转子离心叶片为中空结构。
请参见图10和图11，在另一种具体实施例中，转子本体100’包括环状壳体110，磁钢组件14的数量可以为一个，每一个第一磁钢141封装于环状壳体110的内腔，并且第一磁钢141自转子本体的一端延伸至另一端，第一磁钢141的N极和S极分别靠近环状壳体110的两端部，环状壳体110朝向蜗壳的介质进口的端面还具有至少两个槽体120，槽体120的开口朝向蜗壳的介质进口，槽体120位于相邻第一磁钢之间，槽体120形成转子本体的主液流通道，也就是说，该实施例中自蜗壳的介质进口进入的介质自槽体120流出以流动至介质出口，该转子100’可以为离心半闭式转子结构。该转子中动磁环16的安装方式与上述实施例可以相同。
上述各实施例中静磁环可以通过以下方式安装于蜗壳内部。
在一种示例中，磁悬浮型离心泵还可以进一步底座和扣合于底座的罩体，罩体与底座密封固定，静磁环通过螺纹部件固定于底座，螺纹部件可以为螺钉或者螺栓或者螺杆等部件。并且静磁环安装于罩体和底座形成的安装空间，蜗壳的第二端部设置有安装通孔，安装通孔与介质进口同轴， 底座螺纹密封连接于安装通孔。罩体包括具有一端开口的柱筒以及连接于柱筒另一端的导流锥24，静磁环位于柱筒内部，导流锥穿过座体11的中心孔且朝向介质进口凸出。导流锥越靠近介质进口径向尺寸越小，这样蜗壳介质进口的流体可以在导流锥的分流下均匀向周向流动，进而均匀进入叶片之间。
上述实施例中底座23与蜗壳之间通过螺纹连接，可以精确调节底座相对蜗壳的轴向位置，以与转子上的动磁环精确配合。
请参考图9，上述各实施例中，环形体12的外端面1211和座体11的外端面(未标号)均设置有若干凸起1212，凸起自内缘侧向外缘侧延伸，并且凸起与径向具有预定夹角，相邻凸起之间的距离越靠近内缘侧越小，凸起呈内螺旋结构。这样环形体12的外端面与上环形壳体之间、座体11的外端面与下环形壳体之间形成动压液浮轴承。当转子在轴向受到极大的干扰，一端接近到该侧的环形壳体时，动压液浮轴承可以提供额外的向中心的恢复力，从而提高叶轮沿轴向的稳定性。
请参考图10，当然，凸起越靠近内缘高度越低，同样能够实现上述技术效果。
在一种具体实施例中，环形体12的外周壁、外端壁与所述蜗壳相应内壁之间形成第一辅助通道，第一环状封装腔的外周壁、外端壁与蜗壳相应内壁之间，以及第一环状封装腔的内周壁113与罩体之间形成第二辅助通道。
工作时，转子在蜗壳中间悬浮高速旋转，环形体12和座体11之间的叶片与蜗壳的内壁构成泵的主要流道，血液从介质进口流入，通过环形体12的中心通孔进入叶片间的主流道，经叶片的旋转加速后，进入蜗壳内部的主流道，通过介质出口流出蜗壳。
同时，进入蜗壳内部主流道的血液，有一小部分分别通过第一辅助通道1a和第二辅助通道1b重新回流至转子本体的入口，重新进入叶片之间经加速后流入蜗壳内部。通过上述设计，进入离心泵内所有流经血液的流道均为单向流动，不存在静止或回流的区域，从而最大程度降低血栓形成的可能。
同时，如上所述因与环形体12、座体11的端面相对的环形壳体为陶 瓷材料，其表面坚硬且光滑，在转子与环形壳体意外接触时，降低了环形壳体表面被破坏的可能。因电机效率更高，因此在相同条件下，转子内第一磁钢的厚度可以更薄，环形体12和座体11外端壁(盖板)的厚度也对应减薄，从而降低了蜗壳内回流流道的长度。
同时，并且环形体12的外端面和座体11的外端面均与水平面具有预定夹角，由外向内，外端面距离水平面的距离增大，即环形体12和座体11的外端面是向内凹陷的，转子上下外端面有向内的锥面，因此形成于外端面与蜗壳内壁之间的辅助通道外侧间隙较小，内侧的间隙较大，这样血液经过外侧间隙较小区域是剪切力相对较高但流速快通过时间短，经过内侧间隙较大区域时低相对流速低但是剪切力也较低，最大程度降低了溶血和血栓发生的可能性，这样就有条件将辅助通道的间隙相对减小，降低了离心泵的回流损失，提高了流体效率，在离心泵相同的输出流量/压力的要求下，转子和蜗壳的直径可以更小、对电机转速和扭矩的要求可以更低，从而减小了蜗壳/转子体积，在相同输出能力的条件下实现了离心泵的小型化。
以上对本申请所提供的一种磁悬浮型离心泵进行了详细介绍。本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请原理的前提下，还可以对本申请进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本申请权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种磁悬浮型离心泵，其特征在于，包括蜗壳、静磁环和转子；
    所述蜗壳具有悬浮腔、介质进口和介质出口，所述转子位于所述悬浮腔内部，所述静磁环固定于所述蜗壳，
    所述转子包括转子本体和定位于所述转子本体的动磁环；所述动磁环与所述静磁环同轴且嵌套配置以限制所述转子本体与所述蜗壳的径向位置；
    所述转子本体还固定有磁钢组件，所述磁钢组件包括N个沿周向排布的第一磁钢，所有所述第一磁钢的磁极交错布置；
    所述蜗壳的两端还封装有驱动线圈组件，两所述驱动线圈组件与所述磁钢组件配合以提供所述转子本体沿轴向运动的轴向力及旋转力。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的磁悬浮型离心泵，其特征在于，所述转子本体的两端部均设有所述磁钢组件，所述转子本体两端部的所述磁钢组件关于所述转子本体的中心横截面对称，位于所述蜗壳两端部的驱动线圈组件关于所述悬浮腔的中心横截面对称，所述磁钢组件与同侧的所述驱动线圈组件形成一组盘式电机，两端部的盘式电机共同提供所述转子本体的沿轴向运动的轴向力及旋转力；
    或者/和，相邻所述第一磁钢紧密贴合，或者所述磁钢组件还包括横向导磁磁钢，所述导磁磁钢位于两所述第一磁钢之间，所有所述导磁磁钢和所有所述第一磁钢形成Halbach磁钢阵列。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的磁悬浮型离心泵，其特征在于，所述转子本体的至少一端部还封装有磁性部件，所述蜗壳的相应端部封装有磁浮线圈，当所述磁浮线圈通电时，所述磁浮线圈与所述磁性部件产生轴向力；其中所述磁性部件包括铁芯或第二磁钢至少其中一者。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的磁悬浮型离心泵，其特征在于，所述转子本体的两端部均封装有所述磁性部件，并且两所述磁性部件关于所述转子本体的中心横截面对称，所述蜗壳的两端部均封装有所述磁浮线圈，两所述磁浮线圈关于所述悬浮腔的中心横截面对称。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的磁悬浮型离心泵，其特征在于，所述磁性部件的数量为多个，沿周向均匀布置，所述磁性部件布置于相邻所述第一磁钢 之间；
    或者/和，所述磁性部件与所述第一磁钢沿轴向叠置；
    或者/和，所述磁浮线圈和所述驱动线圈组件沿轴向叠置布置。
  6. 如权利要求1或2所述的磁悬浮型离心泵，其特征在于，所述蜗壳的内腔中具有环形壳体，所述环形壳体与所述蜗壳围成密封腔，所述驱动线圈组件位于所述密封腔，所述悬浮腔形成于位于两端的两环形壳体之间，所述环形壳体为陶瓷结构，所述驱动线圈组件贴靠所述环形壳体布置。
  7. 如权利要求2所述的磁悬浮型离心泵，其特征在于，所述转子本体包括环形体和座体，二者沿轴向固连布置，并且所述环形体和所述座体之间具有出液口，所述环形体的中心通孔连通所述出液口，所述中心通孔与所述介质进口同轴，所述环形体和所述座体之间具有叶片以形成全封闭转子结构，所述环形体和所述座体内部均封装有所述磁钢组件，所述动磁环封装于所述座体内部。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的磁悬浮型离心泵，其特征在于，所述座体具有第一环状封装腔，所述动磁环套设于所述第一环状封装腔的内环壁，封装于所述座体的第一铁芯和磁钢组件位于所述动磁环外围，沿径向，所述第一环状封装腔中间区域的轴向高度大于所述边缘区域的轴向高度。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的磁悬浮型离心泵，其特征在于，还包括底座和罩体，所述罩体具有一端开口的柱筒以及连接于所述柱段另一端的导流锥，所述柱筒的开口周向密封扣合于所述底座，所述静磁环通过螺纹部件固定于所述底座且位于所述柱筒内部，并且所述底座与所述蜗壳螺纹密封连接且与所述介质进口同轴，所述导流锥穿过所述第一环状封装腔的中心孔且朝向所述介质进口凸出。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的磁悬浮型离心泵，其特征在于，所述环形体的外周壁、外端壁与所述蜗壳相应内壁之间形成第一辅助通道，所述第一环状封装腔的外周壁、外端壁与蜗壳相应内壁之间，以及所述第一环状封装腔的内周壁与所述罩体之间形成第二辅助通道，并且所述环形体的外端面和座体的外端面均与水平面具有预定夹角，由外向内，所述外端面距离水平面的距离增大。
  11. 如权利要求7所述的磁悬浮型离心泵，其特征在于，所述环形体 和所述座体的外端面均设置有若干凸起，所述凸起自内缘侧向外缘侧延伸，并且所述凸起与径向具有预定夹角，相邻凸起之间的距离越靠近内缘侧越小或者所述凸起越靠近内缘高度越低；
    或者/和，所述叶片为后弯式叶片。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的磁悬浮型离心泵，其特征在于，所述转子本体为环状壳体，所述磁钢组件的数量为一个，每一个所述第一磁钢封装于所述环状壳体的内腔，每一个所述第一磁钢自所述转子本体一端延伸至另一端，所述环状壳体朝向蜗壳的介质进口的端面具有至少两个槽体，所述槽体的开口朝向所述蜗壳的介质进口，所述槽体位于相邻所述第一磁钢之间，所述槽体形成所述转子本体的主液流通道。
PCT/CN2023/095453 2022-05-23 2023-05-22 一种磁悬浮型离心泵一种磁悬浮型离心泵 WO2023226916A1 (zh)

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