WO2023226458A1 - 接入网络及其故障处理方法、系统、存储介质和电子装置 - Google Patents

接入网络及其故障处理方法、系统、存储介质和电子装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023226458A1
WO2023226458A1 PCT/CN2023/072669 CN2023072669W WO2023226458A1 WO 2023226458 A1 WO2023226458 A1 WO 2023226458A1 CN 2023072669 W CN2023072669 W CN 2023072669W WO 2023226458 A1 WO2023226458 A1 WO 2023226458A1
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Prior art keywords
processing unit
baseband processing
backup
unit
radio frequency
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PCT/CN2023/072669
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘石
穆东栋
罗鸣
刘清玲
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023226458A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023226458A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/42—Loop networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/42—Loop networks
    • H04L12/437—Ring fault isolation or reconfiguration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and specifically to an access network and its troubleshooting method, system, storage medium and electronic device.
  • Distributed base stations refer to dividing traditional base stations into radio remote units (Radio Remote Unit, RRU) and baseband units (Base Band Unit, BBU).
  • RRU Radio Remote Unit
  • BBU Base Band Unit
  • the BBU is responsible for completing the baseband processing part of the wireless signal
  • the RRU is responsible for completing the frequency conversion modulation and signal amplification of the baseband signal.
  • the BBU and the RRU are connected through a standard interface and using optical fiber to complete the transmission of the digital baseband signal.
  • the topology networking method generally adopts a single BBU ring networking method.
  • the networking diagram of a single BBU ring networking mode is shown in Figure 1.
  • a single BBU ring networking scenario when there is an RRU or fiber abnormality, the service can only be restored as soon as possible by switching to other baseband boards. , but there will be a short service interruption during the switching process, and there is a technical problem of low reliability of the base station equipment.
  • the present disclosure provides an access network and its troubleshooting method, system, storage medium and electronic device to at least solve the problem of single-BBU ring networking in related technologies.
  • the problem will occur during the switching process.
  • the present disclosure provides an access network, including a distributed base station.
  • the distributed base station includes: a main baseband processing unit, a backup baseband processing unit, and at least one group of radio frequency remote unit groups; wherein: each group of radio frequency remote unit groups It includes at least two radio frequency remote units, and the radio frequency remote units in each radio frequency remote unit group have the same site address; the main baseband processing unit and one radio frequency remote unit in each radio frequency remote unit group, And the backup baseband processing unit is connected to form at least two ring network structures, and the radio frequency remote units of the same site address are different between the ring network structures.
  • the present disclosure also provides a fault handling method, which is applied to the active baseband processing unit in the access network according to the first aspect.
  • the method includes: monitoring the link status of the ring network structure in real time; judging the active baseband according to the link status. Check whether the processing unit and the backup baseband processing unit meet the switching conditions; if they meet the switching conditions, switch with the backup baseband processing unit.
  • the present disclosure also provides a fault handling system, which is applied to the access network according to the first aspect, including a main baseband processing unit, a backup baseband processing unit, and a radio frequency remote unit.
  • the active baseband processing unit is configured to monitor the link status of the ring network structure in real time; based on the link status, determine whether the active baseband processing unit and the backup baseband processing unit meet the switching conditions; if they meet the switching conditions, switch with the backup baseband processing unit .
  • the backup baseband processing unit is configured to switch with the active baseband processing unit when switching conditions are met.
  • the radio frequency remote unit is configured to receive data from the backup baseband processing unit after the backup baseband processing unit and the active baseband processing unit are switched.
  • the present disclosure also provides a storage medium in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps in any of the above method embodiments when running.
  • the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor.
  • a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.
  • Figure 1 is a hardware structure diagram of a networking method in related technologies
  • Figure 2 is a structural diagram of an access network according to the present disclosure
  • Figure 3 is a structural diagram of an access network according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 4 is a flow chart of a fault handling method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 5 is a flow chart of a fault handling method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6 is a structural diagram of a fault handling system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Distributed base stations refer to dividing traditional base stations into radio remote units (Radio Remote Unit, RRU) and baseband units (Base Band Unit, BBU).
  • RRU Radio Remote Unit
  • BBU Base Band Unit
  • the BBU is responsible for completing the baseband processing part of the wireless signal
  • the RRU is responsible for completing the frequency conversion modulation and signal amplification of the baseband signal.
  • the BBU and the RRU are connected through a standard interface and optical fiber to complete the transmission of digital baseband signals.
  • the networking diagram of a single BBU ring networking mode is shown in Figure 1.
  • a single BBU ring networking scenario when there is an RRU or fiber abnormality, the service can only be restored as soon as possible by switching to other baseband boards. , but there will be a short service interruption during the switching process, and there is a technical problem of low reliability of the base station equipment.
  • an access network includes a distributed base station.
  • the distributed base station includes: an active baseband processing unit 201, a backup baseband processing unit 202, and at least one group of radio frequency pullers.
  • Remote unit group 203 wherein: each remote radio unit group includes at least two remote radio units 2031, and the site addresses of the remote radio units in each remote radio unit group are the same; the main baseband processing unit and One radio frequency remote unit in each radio frequency remote unit group and the backup baseband processing unit are connected to form at least two ring network structures, and the radio frequency remote units of the same site address are different between the ring network structures.
  • the ring network structure where the abnormal radio remote unit is co-located with the remote radio unit is used to process services, which improves the efficiency of the base station. Equipment stability.
  • the number of radio frequency remote units in the radio frequency remote unit group can be set according to the actual situation.
  • the ring network structure also makes the cost higher.
  • the present disclosure sets the number of remote radio units in the remote radio unit group to two.
  • BBU Building Base Band Unit
  • BBU Backup Base Band Unit
  • Radio Frequency Remote Unit 1 Remote Radio Unit
  • RRU3 and RRU4 are deployed at the same site
  • RRU5 and RRU6 are deployed at the same site
  • RRU1 and RRU2 cover cell (cell) 1 at the same time.
  • RRU3 and RRU4 cover cell2 at the same time, RRU5 and RRU6 cover cell3 at the same time;
  • the main BBU, RRU1, RRU3, RRU5 and standby BBU are connected to form the first ring network structure, and the main BBU, RRU2, RRU4, RRU6 and standby BBU are connected to form the second ring. network structure.
  • RRU3 and RRU4 have the same site address, , after RRU3 fails, RRU4 in the second ring network structure can provide services for the cell of the site address, and because the second ring network structure where RRU4 is located is still running normally, there is no need to perform BBU switching, and Able to provide services normally.
  • RRU1 and RRU2 work at the same time.
  • RRU1 When RRU1 is abnormal, RRU2 can continue to work and cell1 can continue to provide services.
  • RRU3 and RRU4 work at the same time.
  • cell2 can continue to provide services.
  • RRU5 and RRU6 work at the same time.
  • cell3 can continue to provide services.
  • the traffic is twice that of a single RRU, which can improve service reliability.
  • optical fibers are used between the various devices of the access network, between the main baseband processing unit and the remote radio unit, between the backup baseband processing unit and the remote radio unit, and between adjacent remote radio units.
  • optical fibers are used between the various devices of the access network. and/or high-speed cables; the active baseband processing unit and the backup baseband processing unit are connected through a switch.
  • the main baseband processing unit, the backup baseband processing unit and each remote radio unit include: at least two pairs of transmission interfaces, among which one pair of transmission interfaces is used for data transmission with the superior node unit of the unit, and the other pair of transmission interfaces , used for data transmission with the subordinate node units of this unit.
  • the two BBUs are generally about 3 to 5 kilometers apart.
  • the two BBUs are connected to the RRUs through two pairs of optical fibers, the ring head and the ring tail.
  • the BBU and RRU are connected through the optical fiber, so that during the active/standby switchover, they can communicate through another optical fiber.
  • both the active baseband processing unit and the backup baseband processing unit include a main control board; the main control board is used to detect the connection status between devices and the working status of the radio frequency remote unit, where the device includes : Between the main baseband processing unit and the remote radio unit, between the main baseband processing unit and the backup baseband processing unit, Between the backup baseband processing unit and the remote radio unit, and between adjacent remote radio units.
  • connection status between devices and the working status of the equipment are detected through the main control board, so that equipment or optical fiber failures can be responded to in a timely manner.
  • a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) heartbeat packet can be sent to the remote radio unit through the primary BBU, and an Internet Protocol (Internet Protocol, IP) heartbeat packet can be sent to the standby BBU.
  • CPRI Common Public Radio Interface
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • a heartbeat packet cannot be received in one of the ring network structures, but the heartbeat between the primary BBU and the standby BBU is normal, it may be due to an RRU failure or fiber failure in the ring network structure. In this case , just use another ring network structure to continue to provide services, without switching between BBU devices. If the heartbeat between the primary BBU and the standby BBU is abnormal, but the heartbeat between the primary BBU and the RRU is normal in the ring network structure, since the primary BBU and the RRU can still maintain heartbeats, and thus can continue to provide services, there is no need to perform BBU equipment switching between.
  • the master BBU can accurately determine whether BBU equipment switching is required to ensure uninterrupted services and improve the reliability of BBU backup. It greatly improves the disaster recovery processing of BBU equipment abnormalities, allowing the BBU ring network to be officially commercialized.
  • the disclosed access network is based on the 5G network architecture and the new base station equipment networking method.
  • the networking is simple and feasible. If the BBU is abnormal, it can be accurately switched. If a single optical fiber or a single RRU is abnormal, the service will not be switched, while taking into account the equipment. Under normal circumstances, the business traffic of the community increases and the user experience is improved. When the equipment is abnormal, the quality is reduced as much as possible without switching. If switching is necessary, fault detection and judgment can be accurately carried out to ensure accurate switching and improve equipment reliability.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a fault handling method applied to a terminal according to the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4 , the flow includes the following steps S401 to S403.
  • Step S401 Monitor the link status of the ring network structure in real time.
  • Step S402 Determine whether the main baseband processing unit and the backup baseband processing unit meet the switching conditions according to the link status.
  • Step S403 If the switching conditions are met, switch with the backup baseband processing unit.
  • the present disclosure connects the main baseband processing unit, the backup baseband processing unit, and at least one group of radio frequency remote unit groups in the access network to form at least two ring network structures, and each The radio remote units at the same site address are different between ring network structures.
  • the ring network structure where the abnormal radio remote unit is co-located with the remote radio unit is used to process services, which improves the efficiency of the base station. Equipment stability.
  • the link state includes a first link state between the active baseband processing unit and the standby baseband unit, and a second link state from the active baseband processing unit to the standby baseband unit through the ring network structure. status; the switching conditions include: the first link status is link abnormality, and the second link status is link abnormality.
  • the status of the main BBU is monitored. Based on the above embodiment, if one of the ring network structures (i.e. the first link) fails to receive the heartbeat packet, but the heartbeat between the main BBU and the backup BBU is normal, It may be due to RRU failure or fiber failure in the ring network structure. At this time, another ring network structure can be used to continue providing services without switching between BBU devices. If the heartbeat between the primary BBU and the standby BBU (i.e. the second link) is abnormal, but the heartbeat between the primary BBU and the RRU is normal in the ring network structure, the heartbeat between the primary BBU and the RRU can still be maintained, so that the service can continue to be provided.
  • the standby BBU i.e. the second link
  • monitoring the link status of the ring network structure in real time includes: sending a first heartbeat to the backup baseband processing unit based on the ring network structure every first preset time interval; and every second preset time interval. , directly sending the second heartbeat to the backup baseband processing unit; determining the link status according to the reception of the first heartbeat and the second heartbeat by the backup baseband processing unit.
  • the link status of the ring network structure is detected by sending heartbeat packets.
  • the primary BBU transmits the heartbeat packet value to the standby BBU through the UUR in the ring network structure every first preset interval, and the primary BBU directly passes through the switch between the standby BBU and the standby BBU.
  • the second heartbeat is sent to the standby BBU for a preset period of time, so that the standby BBU obtains the first heartbeat and the second heartbeat, and determines the link status based on the heartbeat received.
  • the first preset duration and the second preset duration can be set according to the actual situation, and are not limited here.
  • the first preset duration is 1 to 3 seconds
  • the second preset duration is 1 to 3 seconds.
  • Determining the link status includes: when the backup baseband processing unit does not receive the first heartbeat for the first preset number of consecutive times, determining that the first link status in the link status is link abnormal; when the backup baseband processing unit continuously fails to receive the first heartbeat for the first preset number of times; When the second heartbeat is not received for the preset number of times, it is determined that the second link status in the link status is link abnormal.
  • the main BBU sends heartbeats to two links to perform link monitoring.
  • the first link if the backup BBU does not receive the heartbeat for many consecutive times, the heartbeat is considered lost; similarly, the backup BBU will also send a heartbeat packet to the primary BBU.
  • the primary BBU does not receive the heartbeat for many consecutive times, It is considered that the heartbeat is lost, that is, the first link status is link abnormal.
  • the primary BBU sends a heartbeat to the standby BBU. If the standby BBU does not receive the heartbeat multiple times in a row, the heartbeat is considered lost. Similarly, the standby BBU sends a heartbeat to the primary BBU. If the primary BBU fails to receive the heartbeat multiple times in a row, the heartbeat is considered lost. If this heartbeat is reached, the heartbeat is considered lost, that is, the second link status is link abnormal.
  • the first preset number of times and the second preset number of times can be set according to actual conditions, and are not limited here.
  • the first preset number of times is 3 to 5 seconds
  • the second preset number of times is 3 to 5 seconds.
  • switching with the backup baseband processing unit includes: sending a switching command to the backup baseband processing unit, so that the backup baseband processing unit writes the switching command into its own optical port register and switches to the main working state. .
  • the main BBU when it is determined that the main BBU and the backup BBU need equipment switching, the main BBU sends a switching command to the backup BBU, the main BBU exits the service, and the backup BBU writes the switching command to itself after receiving the switching command.
  • the optical port register switches the working state to the main working state and completes the optical port switching.
  • the switched standby BBU sends a takeover command to the RRU connected to it to notify the RRU to receive data from the BBU.
  • the main BBU and the backup BBU are powered on, and the main and backup cells on the two base stations are established.
  • the cell on the main BBU is initially defaulted to work, and the terminal accesses the cell on the main BBU.
  • the two BBUs start heartbeat monitoring, the heartbeat between the frames is normal, the heartbeat of the CPRI link is normal, and the system enters a steady state.
  • both the main BBU and the backup BBU include the main control board and the baseband board.
  • the main control board of the main BBU is in the base station equipment ring network scenario and sends heartbeats to the main BBU every 2 seconds.
  • the baseband board of the main BBU receives the CPRI heartbeat command from the main control board of the main BBU, and sets the heartbeat control word on the optical port of the configured topology; the baseband board of the standby BBU detects that the topology optical port receives the CPRI heartbeat control every 2 seconds.
  • the main control board of the main BBU is in a dual-BBU ring network scenario.
  • Heartbeats are sent to the main control board of the standby BBU every 2 seconds; if the main control board of the standby BBU does not receive the heartbeat three times in a row, the heartbeat is considered lost.
  • the IP link heartbeat process in the reverse direction is the same and will not be described again here.
  • the active and standby BBUs maintain the status quo, and the active and standby BBUs do not switch (this may occur when the inter-chassis connection (that is, between the active and standby BBUs) is unplugged) .
  • the active and standby BBUs maintain the status quo and do not switch over (this situation may occur in the RRU power-off scenario).
  • the active and standby BBUs maintain the status quo, and the active and standby BBUs do not switch (in this case, the system is in a steady state scenario).
  • the present disclosure can prevent switching after RRU failure or fiber abnormality, which can reduce service interruption and improve user experience.
  • the disclosed fault handling method can be, but is not limited to, applied to base station equipment in communication fields such as railways and mines that require high equipment reliability.
  • wireless base station equipment is composed of BBU and RRU.
  • the base station equipment on the railway carries the control and dispatching information of the train. It is necessary to consider that the service cannot be interrupted or reduce the interruption. If the service is interrupted, the service needs to be restored as soon as possible. If the service cannot be restored for a long time, the train A slowdown will occur, which may lead to serious traffic accidents.
  • Applying the disclosed access network and its fault handling method, in the BBU redundant backup network the main BBU and the backup BBU are set up at different sites. When the main BBU fails, the backup BBU can still work normally, ensuring the reliability and continuity of the network. available, which can improve the reliability of base station equipment.
  • the 5G network is flattened, and the base station controller (Base Station Controller, BSC) control node may no longer exist.
  • BSC Base Station Controller
  • the access network in this disclosure does not require the participation of the BSC, thereby improving the applicability of the access network in this disclosure.
  • the method according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform. Of course, it can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is Better implementation.
  • the technical solution of the present disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence or that contributes to the existing technology.
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, disk, CD), including several instructions to cause a terminal device (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute various embodiments of the present disclosure. method.
  • This embodiment also provides a fault handling system, which is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred implementations. What has been described will not be described again.
  • the apparatus described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.
  • FIG. 6 is a structural block diagram of a fault handling system according to the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 6, the fault handling system includes a main baseband processing unit 601, a backup baseband processing unit 602, and a radio frequency remote unit 603.
  • the fault handling system includes a main baseband processing unit 601, a backup baseband processing unit 602, and a radio frequency remote unit 603.
  • the active baseband processing unit 601 is configured to monitor the link status of the ring network structure in real time; according to the link status, determine whether the active baseband processing unit and the backup baseband processing unit meet the switching conditions; if they meet the switching conditions, communicate with the backup baseband processing unit Switch.
  • the backup baseband processing unit 602 is configured to switch with the active baseband processing unit when the switching conditions are met.
  • the radio frequency remote unit 603 is configured to receive data from the backup baseband processing unit after the backup baseband processing unit and the active baseband processing unit are switched.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a storage medium in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps in any of the above fault handling method embodiments when running.
  • the above-mentioned storage medium may include but is not limited to: U disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, referred to as ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, referred to as Various media that can store computer programs such as RAM), removable hard drives, magnetic disks or optical disks.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • removable hard drives magnetic disks or optical disks.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide an electronic device, including a memory and a processor.
  • a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.
  • the above-mentioned electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input-output device, wherein the transmission device is connected to the above-mentioned processor, and the input-output device is connected to the above-mentioned processor.
  • each module or each step of the present disclosure described above can be implemented by a general computing device, and they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed among multiple computing devices.
  • they can be implemented with program codes executable by a computing device, thereby they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, and in some cases, can The steps shown or described may be performed in a sequence different from that described herein, or may be implemented separately as individual integrated circuit modules, or as multiple modules or steps thereof may be implemented as a single integrated circuit module.
  • the present disclosure is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
  • the access network and its fault handling method, system, storage medium and electronic device connect the main baseband processing unit, the backup baseband processing unit and at least one group of remote radio frequency units in the access network.
  • the ring network structure where the abnormal radio remote unit is co-located with the remote radio unit is used to process services, which improves the efficiency of the base station. Equipment stability.

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Abstract

本公开提供了一种接入网络及其故障处理方法、系统、存储介质和电子装置，其中，接入网络，包括分布式基站，分布式基站包括：主用基带处理单元、备用基带处理单元，及至少一组射频拉远单元组；其中：每组射频拉远单元组包括至少两个射频拉远单元，并且，每组射频拉远单元组中的射频拉远单元的站址相同；主用基带处理单元与每组射频拉远单元组中的一个射频拉远单元，以及备用基带处理单元连接成至少两个环网结构，各环网结构之间相同站址的射频拉远单元不同。

Description

接入网络及其故障处理方法、系统、存储介质和电子装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求享有2022年05月27日提交的名称为“接入网络及其故障处理方法、系统、存储介质和电子装置”的中国专利申请CN202210593604.6的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及通信技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种接入网络及其故障处理方法、系统、存储介质和电子装置。
背景技术
分布式基站指把传统的基站分为射频拉远单元(Radio Remote Unit，RRU)和基带单元(Base Band Unit，BBU)。其中，BBU负责完成无线信号的基带处理部分，RRU负责完成基带信号的变频调制和信号放大，BBU和RRU之间通过标准接口，采用光纤相连接，完成数字基带信号的传递，BBU和RRU之间的拓扑组网方式一般采用单BBU环形组网方式。
相关技术中，单BBU环形组网方式的组网图如图1所示，在单BBU环形组网场景下，当有RRU或者光纤异常后，业务只能通过倒换到其他基带板上以尽快恢复，但是在倒换的过程中会出现短暂的业务中断，存在基站设备可靠性不高的技术问题。
发明内容
本公开提供了一种接入网络及其故障处理方法、系统、存储介质和电子装置，以至少解决相关技术中单BBU环形组网方式，当有RRU或者光纤异常后，在倒换的过程中会出现短暂的业务中断，使得基站设备可靠性不高的问题。
本公开提供了一种接入网络，包括分布式基站，分布式基站包括：主用基带处理单元、备用基带处理单元，及至少一组射频拉远单元组；其中：每组射频拉远单元组包括至少两个射频拉远单元，并且，每组射频拉远单元组中的射频拉远单元的站址相同；主用基带处理单元与每组射频拉远单元组中的一个射频拉远单元，以及备用基带处理单元连接成至少两个环网结构，各环网结构之间相同站址的射频拉远单元不同。
本公开还提供了一种故障处理方法，应用于根据第一方面接入网络中的主用基带处理单元，方法包括：实时监测环网结构的链路状态；根据链路状态，判断主用基带处理单元和备用基带处理单元是否符合倒换条件；如果符合倒换条件，与备用基带处理单元倒换。
本公开还提供了一种故障处理系统，应用于根据第一方面接入网络，包括主用基带处理单元、备用基带处理单元、射频拉远单元。主用基带处理单元，配置为实时监测环网结构的链路状态；根据链路状态，判断主用基带处理单元和备用基带处理单元是否符合倒换条件；如果符合倒换条件，与备用基带处理单元倒换。备用基带处理单元，配置为在符合倒换条件时，与主用基带处理单元倒换。射频拉远单元，配置为在备用基带处理单元与主用基带处理单元倒换后，从备用基带处理单元接收数据。
本公开还提供了一种存储介质，存储介质中存储有计算机程序，其中，计算机程序被设置为运行时执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
本公开还提供了一种电子装置，包括存储器和处理器，存储器中存储有计算机程序，处理器被设置为运行计算机程序以执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，构成本公开的一部分，本公开的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本公开，并不构成对本公开的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是相关技术中组网方式的硬件结构图；
图2是根据本公开的接入网络的结构图；
图3是根据本公开的另一实施例的接入网络的结构图；
图4是根据本公开的一实施例的故障处理方法的流程图；
图5是根据本公开的另一实施例的故障处理方法的流程图；
图6是根据本公开的一实施例的故障处理系统的结构图。
具体实施方式
下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本公开。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本公开中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
需要说明的是，本公开的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。
分布式基站指把传统的基站分为射频拉远单元(Radio Remote Unit，RRU)和基带单元(Base Band Unit，BBU)。其中，BBU负责完成无线信号的基带处理部分，RRU负责完成基带信号的变频调制和信号放大，BBU和RRU之间通过标准接口，采用光纤相连接，完成数字基带信号的传递。
目前在GSM系统和其他无线通信系统广泛使用分布式基站进行组网。实际组网时，可以将若干个独立的射频拉远单元RRU通过光纤进行拉远；BBU和RRU之间的拓扑组网方式一般采用单BBU环形组网方式。
相关技术中，单BBU环形组网方式的组网图如图1所示，在单BBU环形组网场景下，当有RRU或者光纤异常后，业务只能通过倒换到其他基带板上以尽快恢复，但是在倒换的过程中会出现短暂的业务中断，存在基站设备可靠性不高的技术问题。
实施例一
在本实施例中提供了一种接入网络，参见图2，该接入网络包括分布式基站，分布式基站包括：主用基带处理单元201、备用基带处理单元202，及至少一组射频拉远单元组203；其中：每组射频拉远单元组包括至少两个射频拉远单元2031，并且，每组射频拉远单元组中的射频拉远单元的站址相同；主用基带处理单元与每组射频拉远单元组中的一个射频拉远单元，以及备用基带处理单元连接成至少两个环网结构，各环网结构之间相同站址的射频拉远单元不同。
如此，即使在任一环网结构中射频拉远单元或光纤异常后，可以无需倒换，由该异常的射频拉远单元同址的射频拉远单元所在的环网结构进行业务的处理，提高了基站设备的稳定性。
其中，射频拉远单元组中射频拉远单元的数量可以根据实际情况进行设置，每个射频拉远单元组中的射频拉远单元的数量越多，构成的环网结构越多，过多的环网结构同样也会使成本较高，在一示例性实施例中，本公开中将射频拉远单元组中射频拉远单元的数量设置为两个。
可以理解的是，本公开中的主基带处理单元(Building Base band Unit，BBU)与备BBU是相对而言，二者结构相同。一般的，对于两个BBU而言，可以设置其中一 个为默认主BBU。
在一示例性的实施例中，参见图3，以射频拉远单元组的数量为3个为例进行具体说明。在图3中，射频拉远单元1(Remote Radio Unit，RRU)和RRU2同站址部署，RRU3和RRU4同站址部署，RRU5和RRU6同站址部署；RRU1和RRU2同时覆盖cell(小区)1，RRU3和RRU4同时覆盖cell2，RRU5和RRU6同时覆盖cell3；主BBU、RRU1、RRU3、RRU5和备BBU连接成第一环网结构，主BBU、RRU2、RRU4、RRU6和备BBU连接成第二环网结构。以第一环网结构出现异常为例，例如，其中的RRU3发生故障，则对于第一环网结构中RRU3之后的链路将不能正常提供业务，但是，由于RRU3和RRU4为同站址，因此，在RRU3故障后，可以由第二环网结构中的RRU4为该站址的小区提供服务，并且，由于RRU4所在的第二环网结构依旧在正常运行，因此，无需进行BBU的倒换，也能够正常提供服务。
同理的，RRU1和RRU2同时工作，当RRU1异常时，RRU2可以继续工作，cell1可以继续提供服务。RRU3和RRU4同时工作，当RRU3或者RRU4异常时，cell2可以继续提供服务。RRU5和RRU6同时工作，当RRU5或者RRU6异常时，cell3可以继续提供服务。
在该接入网络下，流量是单个RRU的两倍，进而，能够提高服务的可靠性。
其中，在该接入网络的各设备之间，主用基带处理单元与射频拉远单元之间，备用基带处理单元与射频拉远单元之间，以及相邻的射频拉远单元之间通过光纤和/或高速电缆进行连接；主用基带处理单元与备用基带处理单元之间通过交换机连接。
主用基带处理单元、备用基带处理单元和各射频拉远单元均包括：至少两对传输接口，其中，一对传输接口，用于与该单元的上级节点单元进行数据传输，另一对传输接口，用于与该单元的下级节点单元进行数据传输。
通常情况下，考虑到容灾，将主BBU与备BBU异地部署，两个BBU之间一般相隔3到5公里左右，将两个BBU之间通过两对光纤将RRU连接，环头和环尾相连，BBU和RRU通过光纤拉远，从而，在主备倒换时，能够通过另一路光纤进行通信。
在一示例性的实施例中，主用基带处理单元和备用基带处理单元均包括主控板；主控板用于检测设备间的连接情况，以及射频拉远单元工作情况，其中，设备间包括：主用基带处理单元与射频拉远单元之间，主用基带处理单元与备用基带处理单元之间， 备用基带处理单元与射频拉远单元之间，以及相邻的射频拉远单元之间。
在基带处理单元中通过主控板检测设备间的连接情况和设备的工作情况，从而能够及时应对设备或光纤故障的情况。
在一示例性实施例中，可以通过主BBU向射频拉远单元发送通用公共无线接口(Common Public Radio Interface，CPRI)心跳包，以及向备BBU发送网络互联协议(Internet Protocol，IP)心跳包的方式，检测链路间工作情况，精确判定是设备间的链路异常还是真正的设备发生异常。
在一示例性实施例中，若其中一个环网结构中未能接受到心跳包，而主BBU与备BBU间心跳正常，则可能是由于该环网结构中的RRU故障或光纤故障，此时，采用另外一条环网结构继续提供服务即可，无需进行BBU设备间的倒换。若主BBU与备BBU之间心跳异常，而环网结构中主BBU与RRU之间心跳正常，则由于主BBU与RRU之间依然能够保持心跳，从而，能够继续提供服务，则无需进行BBU设备间的倒换。
进而，主BBU能够准确判决是否需要通过BBU设备倒换来保证业务不中断，提高BBU备份的可靠性。极大提高了BBU设备异常的容灾处理，使得BBU环网能够进行正式商用。
本公开的接入网络，基于5G的网络架构新的基站设备组网方式下，组网简单可行，如果BBU异常可以准确倒换，如果单根光纤或者单个RRU异常，业务不倒换，同时兼顾了设备正常情况下，小区业务流量提升，提升用户体验，设备异常时尽量降质不倒换，如果一定需要倒换，可以精确进行故障检测判决，确保准确倒换，提升设备可靠性。
实施例二
在本实施例中提供了一种故障处理方法，应用于上述实施例中接入网络中的主用基带处理单元，相同之处已经进行过说明的不再赘述。图4是根据本公开的应用于终端的故障处理方法的流程图，如图4所示，该流程包括如下步骤S401至步骤S403。
步骤S401，实时监测环网结构的链路状态。步骤S402，根据链路状态，判断主用基带处理单元和备用基带处理单元是否符合倒换条件。步骤S403，如果符合倒换条件，与备用基带处理单元倒换。
通过上述步骤401至步骤403，本公开通过将接入网络中的主用基带处理单元、备用基带处理单元，及至少一组射频拉远单元组，连接设置成至少两个环网结构，并且各环网结构之间相同站址的射频拉远单元不同。如此，即使在任一环网结构中射频拉远单元或光纤异常后，可以无需倒换，由该异常的射频拉远单元同址的射频拉远单元所在的环网结构进行业务的处理，提高了基站设备的稳定性。
在一示例性的实施例中，链路状态包括主用基带处理单元与备用基带单元之间的第一链路状态，以及主用基带处理单元通过环网结构到备用基带单元的第二链路状态；倒换条件包括：第一链路状态为链路异常，并且第二链路状态为链路异常。
通过两链路的心跳，对主BBU进行状态监测，基于上述实施例，若其中一个环网结构(即第一链路)中未能接受到心跳包，而主BBU与备BBU间心跳正常，则可能是由于该环网结构中的RRU故障或光纤故障，此时，采用另外一条环网结构继续提供服务即可，无需进行BBU设备间的倒换。若主BBU与备BBU之间(即第二链路)心跳异常，而环网结构中主BBU与RRU之间心跳正常，则由于主BBU与RRU之间依然能够保持心跳，从而，能够继续提供服务，则无需进行BBU设备间的倒换。基于此，在第一链路状态和第二链路状态均链路异常时，可认为主BBU发生异常，此时将主BBU与备BBU进行倒换，由备BBU接管相关业务，从而保障服务。
在一示例性的实施例中，实时监测环网结构的链路状态，包括：每间隔第一预设时长，基于环网结构向备用基带处理单元发送第一心跳；每间隔第二预设时长，直接向备用基带处理单元发送第二心跳；根据备用基带处理单元对第一心跳和第二心跳的接收情况，确定链路状态。
对于接入网络中的主BBU，通过发送心跳包的方式，检测环网结构的链路状态。在一示例性实施例中，主BBU每间隔第一预设时长，通过环网结构中的UUR传输心跳包值至备BBU，以及，主BBU直接通过与备BBU之间的交换机，每间隔第二预设时长向备BBU发送第二心跳，从而使备BBU获取第一心跳和第二心跳，根据其接收心跳的情况，确定链路状态。
其中，第一预设时长和第二预设时长可以根据实际情况进行设置，此处不做限定，例如，第一预设时长为1至3秒，第二预设时长为1至3秒。
在一示例性的实施例中，根据备用基带处理单元对第一心跳和第二心跳的接收情 况，确定链路状态，包括：在备用基带处理单元连续第一预设次数未接收到第一心跳时，确定链路状态中第一链路状态为链路异常；在备用基带处理单元连续第二预设次数未接收到第二心跳时，确定链路状态中第二链路状态为链路异常。
在一示例性实施例中，主BBU对两个链路发送心跳，进行链路监测。对于第一链路，若备BBU连续多次未接收到该心跳，则认为该心跳丢失；同样的，备BBU也会向主BBU发送心跳包，若主BBU连续多次未接收到该心跳，则认为该心跳丢失，即第一链路状态为链路异常。对于第二链路，主BBU向备BBU发送心跳，若备BBU连续多次未接收到该心跳，则认为心跳丢失；同样的，备BBU向主BBU发送心跳，若主BBU连续多次未接收到该心跳，则认为心跳丢失，即第二链路状态为链路异常。
其中，第一预设次数和第二预设次数可以根据实际情况进行设置，此处不做限定，例如，第一预设次数为3至5秒，第二预设次数为3至5秒。
在一示例性的实施例中，与备用基带处理单元倒换，包括：向备用基带处理单元发送倒换命令，以使备用基带处理单元将倒换命令写入自身的光口寄存器，并切换为主工作状态。
在一示例性实施例中，在确定主BBU与备BBU需要设备倒换时，由主BBU向备BBU发送倒换命令，主BBU退出服务，备BBU在接收到倒换命令后，将倒换命令写入自身的光口寄存器，将工作状态切换为主工作状态，并完成光口倒换。进而，倒换后的备BBU向与其连接的RRU发送接管指令，以通知RRU从该BBU接收数据。
在一具体的实施例中，参见图5，主BBU和备BBU上电完成，两个基站上的主备小区都建立完成，初始默认主BBU上的小区工作，终端接入主BBU上的小区，两个BBU开始心跳监测，框间心跳正常，CPRI链路心跳正常，系统进入稳态。
一般的，在主BBU和备BBU中均包括主控板和基带板，在进行心跳时，对于第一链路，主BBU的主控板在基站设备环网场景，周期2s发送心跳到主BBU的基带板；主BBU的基带板收到主BBU的主控板的CPRI心跳命令，在配置拓扑的光口上，设置心跳控制字；备BBU的基带板周期2s检测拓扑光口上收到CPRI心跳控制字，并上报给备BBU的主控板；备BBU的主控板连续3次未收到心跳，则认为心跳丢失。反方向的CPRI链路心跳流程，同理，此处不再赘述。
对于第二链路，从主BBU到备BBU方向，主BBU的主控板在双BBU环网场景， 周期2s发送心跳到备BBU的主控板；备BBU的主控板连续三次未收到心跳，则认为心跳丢失。反方向的IP链路心跳流程，同理，此处不再赘述。
基于上述链路监测结果，如果检测到框间IP心跳异常，同时CPRI链路心跳异常，主备BBU整体倒换(此情况可能是发生在主BBU掉电的场景)。
如果检测到框间IP心跳异常，同时CPRI链路心跳正常，主备BBU维持现状，主备BBU不倒换(此情况可能是发生在拔掉框间(即主备BBU之间)连线场景)。
如果检测到框间IP心跳正常，同时CPRI链路心跳异常，主备BBU维持现状，主备BBU不倒换(此情况可能是发生在RRU掉电场景)。
如果检测到框间IP心跳正常，同时CPRI链路心跳正常，主备BBU维持现状，主备BBU不倒换(此情况时系统处于稳态场景)。
进而，本公开能够做到RRU故障或者光纤异常后不倒换，可以减少业务中断，提升用户体验。
本公开的故障处理方法，可以但不限于应用于铁路、矿井等对设备可靠性要求高的通讯领域的基站设备中。通常无线基站设备由BBU和RRU组成，铁路上通过基站设备承载列车的控制调度信息，需要考虑业务不能中断或者减少中断，如果业务中断后需要能尽快恢复业务，如果业务中断长时间不能恢复，列车就会出现降速，可能会导致严重的交通事故。应用本公开的接入网络及其故障处理方法，BBU冗余备份组网中，主BBU与备BBU异站址设置，当主BBU故障时，备BBU仍能正常工作，保证了网络的可靠、持续可用，能够提高基站设备的可靠性。
另外，5G网络里边扁平化，基站控制器(Base Station Controller，BSC)控制节点或已不存在，本公开中的接入网络无需BSC参与，从而提高本公开接入网络的适用性。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到根据上述实施例的方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件，但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解，本公开的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中，包括若干指令用以使得一台终端设备(可以是手机，计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本公开各个实施例的 方法。
实施例三
在本实施例中还提供了一种故障处理系统，该故障处理系统用于实现上述实施例及优选实施方式，已经进行过说明的不再赘述。尽管以下实施例所描述的装置较佳地以软件来实现，但是硬件，或者软件和硬件的组合的实现也是可能并被构想的。
图6是根据本公开的故障处理系统的结构框图，如图6所示，该故障处理系统包括主用基带处理单元601、备用基带处理单元602、射频拉远单元603。
主用基带处理单元601，配置为实时监测环网结构的链路状态；根据链路状态，判断主用基带处理单元和备用基带处理单元是否符合倒换条件；如果符合倒换条件，与备用基带处理单元倒换。备用基带处理单元602，配置为在符合倒换条件时，与主用基带处理单元倒换。射频拉远单元603，配置为在备用基带处理单元与主用基带处理单元倒换后，从备用基带处理单元接收数据。
实施例四
本公开的实施例还提供了一种存储介质，该存储介质中存储有计算机程序，其中，该计算机程序被设置为运行时执行上述任一项故障处理方法实施例中的步骤。
在一示例性实施例中，在本实施例中，上述存储介质可以包括但不限于：U盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，简称为ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，简称为RAM)、移动硬盘、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储计算机程序的介质。
实施例五
本公开的实施例还提供了一种电子装置，包括存储器和处理器，该存储器中存储有计算机程序，该处理器被设置为运行计算机程序以执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
在一示例性实施例中，上述电子装置还可以包括传输设备以及输入输出设备，其中，该传输设备和上述处理器连接，该输入输出设备和上述处理器连接。
显然，本领域的技术人员应该明白，上述的本公开的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所 组成的网络上，在一示例性实施例中，它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而，可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本公开不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
本公开提供的接入网络及其故障处理方法、系统、存储介质和电子装置，通过将接入网络中的主用基带处理单元、备用基带处理单元，及至少一组射频拉远单元组，连接设置成至少两个环网结构，并且各环网结构之间相同站址的射频拉远单元不同。如此，即使在任一环网结构中射频拉远单元或光纤异常后，可以无需倒换，由该异常的射频拉远单元同址的射频拉远单元所在的环网结构进行业务的处理，提高了基站设备的稳定性。
以上仅为本公开的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本公开，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本公开可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本公开的原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种接入网络，包括分布式基站，所述分布式基站包括：主用基带处理单元、备用基带处理单元，及至少一组射频拉远单元组；
    其中：每组所述射频拉远单元组包括至少两个射频拉远单元，并且，每组所述射频拉远单元组中的所述射频拉远单元的站址相同；
    所述主用基带处理单元与每组所述射频拉远单元组中的一个所述射频拉远单元，以及所述备用基带处理单元连接成至少两个环网结构，各所述环网结构之间相同站址的射频拉远单元不同。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的接入网络，其中，所述主用基带处理单元与所述射频拉远单元之间，所述备用基带处理单元与所述射频拉远单元之间，以及相邻的所述射频拉远单元之间通过光纤和/或高速电缆进行连接；
    所述主用基带处理单元与所述备用基带处理单元之间通过交换机连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的接入网络，其中，所述主用基带处理单元、所述备用基带处理单元和各所述射频拉远单元均包括：至少两对传输接口，其中，一对传输接口，用于与该单元的上级节点单元进行数据传输，另一对传输接口，用于与该单元的下级节点单元进行数据传输。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的接入网络，其中，所述主用基带处理单元和所述备用基带处理单元均包括主控板；
    所述主控板用于检测设备间的连接情况，以及所述射频拉远单元工作情况，其中，所述设备间包括：主用基带处理单元与所述射频拉远单元之间，主用基带处理单元与所述备用基带处理单元之间，所述备用基带处理单元与所述射频拉远单元之间，以及相邻的所述射频拉远单元之间。
  5. 一种故障处理方法，应用于根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的接入网络中的主用基带处理单元，所述方法包括：
    实时监测环网结构的链路状态；
    根据所述链路状态，判断所述主用基带处理单元和备用基带处理单元是否符合倒换条件；
    如果符合所述倒换条件，与所述备用基带处理单元倒换。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述链路状态包括所述主用基带处理单元与备用基带单元之间的第一链路状态，以及所述主用基带处理单元通过所述环网结构到所述备用基带单元的第二链路状态；
    所述倒换条件包括：所述第一链路状态为链路异常，并且所述第二链路状态为链路异常。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述实时监测环网结构的链路状态，包括：
    每间隔第一预设时长，基于所述环网结构向所述备用基带处理单元发送第一心跳；
    每间隔第二预设时长，直接向所述备用基带处理单元发送第二心跳；
    根据所述备用基带处理单元对所述第一心跳和所述第二心跳的接收情况，确定所述链路状态。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述备用基带处理单元对所述第一心跳和所述第二心跳的接收情况，确定所述链路状态，包括：
    在所述备用基带处理单元连续第一预设次数未接收到所述第一心跳时，确定所述链路状态中第一链路状态为链路异常；
    在所述备用基带处理单元连续第二预设次数未接收到所述第二心跳时，确定所述链路状态中第二链路状态为链路异常。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述与所述备用基带处理单元倒换，包括：
    向所述备用基带处理单元发送倒换命令，以使所述备用基带处理单元将所述倒换命令写入自身的光口寄存器，并切换为主工作状态。
  10. 一种故障处理系统，应用于根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的接入网络，包括：
    主用基带处理单元，配置为实时监测环网结构的链路状态；根据所述链路状态，判断所述主用基带处理单元和备用基带处理单元是否符合倒换条件；如果符合所述倒换条件，与所述备用基带处理单元倒换；
    备用基带处理单元，配置为在符合所述倒换条件时，与所述主用基带处理单元倒换；
    射频拉远单元，配置为在所述备用基带处理单元与所述主用基带处理单元倒换后， 从所述备用基带处理单元接收数据。
  11. 一种存储介质，所述存储介质中存储有计算机程序，其中，所述计算机程序被设置为运行时执行所述权利要求5至9任一项中所述的方法。
  12. 一种电子装置，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器中存储有计算机程序，所述处理器被设置为运行所述计算机程序以执行所述权利要求5至9任一项中所述的方法。
PCT/CN2023/072669 2022-05-27 2023-01-17 接入网络及其故障处理方法、系统、存储介质和电子装置 WO2023226458A1 (zh)

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