WO2023222744A1 - Procédé de fonctionnement d'un circuit de liquide de refroidissement, programme informatique, produit-programme informatique, système de moyen de transfert de chaleur, et véhicule - Google Patents

Procédé de fonctionnement d'un circuit de liquide de refroidissement, programme informatique, produit-programme informatique, système de moyen de transfert de chaleur, et véhicule Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023222744A1
WO2023222744A1 PCT/EP2023/063220 EP2023063220W WO2023222744A1 WO 2023222744 A1 WO2023222744 A1 WO 2023222744A1 EP 2023063220 W EP2023063220 W EP 2023063220W WO 2023222744 A1 WO2023222744 A1 WO 2023222744A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coolant
oil
electric drive
stator
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/063220
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Eser
Hong Zhang
Original Assignee
Vitesco Technologies GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vitesco Technologies GmbH filed Critical Vitesco Technologies GmbH
Publication of WO2023222744A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023222744A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/12—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F01P7/165—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control characterised by systems with two or more loops
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/425—Temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for operating a coolant circuit comprising an electric drive, in particular for driving a vehicle.
  • the present invention further relates to a computer program and a computer program product, each of which depicts the operating method.
  • the present invention also relates to a heat transport system for an electric drive, in particular for driving a vehicle, and a vehicle with such a heat transport system.
  • An electric motor or electric drive in particular for driving a vehicle, can be designed to be liquid-cooled.
  • a water-based coolant such as a water-glycol mixture, from a coolant circuit and/or an oil from an oil cooling circuit can be used as the coolant.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the operation of a cooling liquid circuit (circuit) comprising an electric motor or electric drive.
  • Claims 11 and 12 protect a computer program and a computer program product.
  • Claims 13 and 14 protect a heat transport system for an electric drive and a vehicle.
  • the subclaims relate to advantageous further training.
  • a method for operating a coolant circuit (circuit) comprising an electric drive, in particular for driving a vehicle, is proposed, to which an oil cooling circuit (circuit) comprising the electric drive is thermally connected via a heat exchanger.
  • a valve unit is adjusted depending on at least one temperature of the electric drive in such a way that a coolant path assigned to a coolant-cooled and oil-cooled stator of the electric drive and / or a coolant path assigned to the heat exchanger is at least partially bridged via a coolant bypass path is/are, so that the stator and/or the heat exchanger is/are not flowed through at all or at least with a reduced flow of coolant depending on the temperature.
  • the proposed operating method enables demand-based coolant cooling of the electric drive.
  • the proposed operating method also contributes to heating the oil cooling circuit in question, because waste heat (heat energy) generated during the - at least partial - bridging in the stator is released to the oil conveyed by the electric drive or radiated to the oil in the area around the electric drive and This causes the oil cooling circuit to be successively heated.
  • the fact that in the meantime no or at least less waste heat (heat energy) is released or transferred from the oil cooling circuit via the heat exchanger to the coolant circuit also contributes to heating the oil cooling circuit.
  • the proposed operating method thus advantageously supports the heating of the oil in the oil cooling circuit, which is known to have a very high kinematic viscosity at low temperatures, ie at temperatures of - 40 ° C ⁇ T ⁇ 0 ° C and therefore proves to be very viscous.
  • the valve unit is adjusted depending on a temperature of the stator, a temperature of an oil-cooled rotor of the electric drive and/or a temperature of an oil of the oil cooling circuit conveyed by means of an oil pump in such a way that the coolant path assigned to the stator and/or the coolant path assigned to the heat exchanger is/are at least partially bridged via the coolant bypass path, so that the stator and/or the heat exchanger does not flow through at all or at least with a reduced coolant flow depending on the temperature.
  • a temperature of a stator winding or a stator winding temperature is monitored with respect to the stator.
  • at least one temperature sensor or temperature sensor can be attached to the stator winding.
  • a temperature of a permanent magnet or a permanent magnet temperature is monitored. This temperature of the permanent magnet can be approximately estimated or determined using the detected stator winding temperature and based on a temperature model.
  • the temperature of the oil can be determined using at least one temperature sensor or
  • Temperature sensor can be detected, which is located in an oil pan of the oil cooling circuit is immersed, from which the oil is pumped out by means of the oil pump and into the oil cooling circuit.
  • valve unit is adjusted in such a way that the coolant path assigned to the stator and the coolant path assigned to the heat exchanger at least partially via the coolant bypass. Path can be bridged.
  • valve unit is adjusted in such a way that the coolant path assigned to the heat exchanger is at least partially opened.
  • valve unit is adjusted in such a way that the coolant path assigned to the stator is at least partially opened.
  • a 4/3-way valve can be used in the valve unit mentioned above.
  • valve unit a combination of a 3/2-way valve and a 2/2-way valve can be used in the valve unit.
  • the aforementioned limit temperatures can be defined in one embodiment as follows: the limit temperature of the stator, for example with respect to its winding, is approximately 180 ° C, the limit temperature of the rotor (22), for example with reference on its permanent magnets is approx. 180°C and the limit temperature of the oil is approx. 120°C.
  • a computer program product comprising program code means stored on a computer-readable data carrier in order to carry out the method described above when the program code means are executed on a computer.
  • the heat transport medium system has a coolant circuit (circuit) comprising the electric drive and an oil cooling circuit (circuit) comprising the electric drive, which is thermally connected to the coolant circuit via a heat exchanger.
  • the coolant circuit has a valve unit upstream of the electric drive, which can be controlled via an associated control unit, the control unit having a computer program product of the type described above.
  • the vehicle can be a battery electric vehicle (Battery Electric Vehicle, short: BEV), a hybrid electric vehicle (Hybrid Electric Vehicle, short: HEV) or a fuel cell vehicle (Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle, short: FCEV). Further advantages and features result from the subclaims and the exemplary embodiments. Show this:
  • Fig. 1 heat transport circuit(s) of a thermal management system of a vehicle
  • Fig. 2 shows the lower part of the system shown in Fig. 1 in a further representation
  • Fig. 3 shows an excerpt from Fig. 2 with a valve unit
  • valve unit 4 shows an alternative embodiment of a valve unit
  • Fig. 5 is a flowchart to illustrate a proposed control of the ones shown in Figs. 3 and 4 shown valve units.
  • the coolant circuit 1 includes a coolant circuit or coolant circuit 2 for a battery 5, a coolant circuit or coolant circuit 3 for an electric motor or electric drive 9 for driving the vehicle and a coolant circuit or coolant circuit 4 an air conditioning system.
  • the coolant circuit or coolant circuit 2 for a battery 5
  • a coolant circuit or coolant circuit 3 for an electric motor or electric drive 9 for driving the vehicle
  • a coolant circuit or coolant circuit 4 an air conditioning system.
  • a heat exchanger 15 - also called a chiller is thermally connected to the refrigerant circuit 4 via a heat exchanger 15 - also called a chiller.
  • the coolant circuit 3 also includes a charger 7 and power electronics or an inverter 8 upstream of the electric drive 9. Downstream of the electric drive 9 there is a node or branch point 18, via which on the one hand a bypass path 14 and on the other hand a radiator path 13 via a radiator or cooler 11 lead back to said multi-way valve 12.
  • the electric drive 9 and the power electronics 8 should be operated at a coolant or cooling water temperature of approximately 80 to a maximum of 85 ° C.
  • the coolant has a temperature of approximately 55°C at the inlet into the power electronics 8 and a temperature of approximately 65°C at the inlet into the electric drive 9. At the output of the electric drive 9, the coolant then has a temperature of approximately 80 to a maximum of 85 ° C.
  • the battery 5 or the individual battery cells should be operated at a coolant or cooling water temperature at the output of the battery 5 of approximately 20 ° C to approximately 40 ° C, because this ensures an optimal operating temperature range of the battery 5.
  • Both coolant circuits 2, 3 must be able to absorb and release heat.
  • a water-based coolant is a mixture of water with a cooling additive.
  • the coolant doesn't just have the job of absorbing and transporting waste heat.
  • the coolant additive should also protect the water from freezing, protect the two coolant circuits from corrosion, lubricate the moving parts in the two coolant circuits and protect plastic and / or rubber elements in the two coolant circuits from dissolving.
  • the coolant can be, for example, a so-called water-glycol mixture.
  • the electric drive 9 is both coolant-cooled and oil-cooled. 2 illustrates a coolant cooling of a stator 15 and an oil cooling for additional cooling of the electric drive 9.
  • the stator 15 is included in the coolant circuit 3 and the oil cooling circuit 28, whereas the rotor 22 of the electric motor 9 is only included in the oil cooling circuit 28.
  • the Oil cooling circuit 28 is thermally connected to the coolant circuit 3 via a heat exchanger 16 and the two line sections 17 1 , 17 "upstream and downstream of the stator 15.
  • the oil cooling circuit 28 also includes a gear or reduction gear 21, for example in the form of a one-, two- or three-stage gear, which forms an electric motor-gear drive unit with the electric drive 9, 15, 22.
  • the oil cooling circuit 28 further comprises an electrically and / or mechanically operated oil pump 19, an oil filter 20 fluidly connected upstream of the oil pump 19, two temperature sensors 26, 27 and two pressure sensors 23, 25.
  • the pressure sensors 23, 25 are downstream of the oil pump 19 and upstream of the Heat exchanger 16 or between the oil pump 19 and the heat exchanger 16 is arranged, whereas a temperature sensor 26 is arranged downstream of the heat exchanger 16 and upstream of the rotor 22 and another temperature sensor 27 is arranged downstream of the transmission 21 and upstream of the oil filter 20. Both the oil flow and the temperature in the oil cooling circuit 28 can thus be monitored and controlled and/or regulated accordingly.
  • Waste heat from the electric drive 9 absorbed by the oil cooling circuit 28 is fed to the coolant circuit 3 via the heat exchanger 16.
  • the heat exchanger 16 is arranged fluidly parallel to the stator 15.
  • a first supply line 17 1 leads from a node of the coolant circuit 3 upstream of the stator 15 to the heat exchanger 16 and a second supply line 17 "from the heat exchanger 16 to said node 18 downstream of the stator 15.
  • the pumped oil which is also used to lubricate and cool the transmission 21, is pumped through a shaft of the rotor 22 to at least one exit point of the rotor 22. From this exit point, the oil is thrown or sprayed against the windings of the stator 15 due to centrifugal force, with the oil also being distributed over the rotor 22 and reaching the two bearing points of the rotor shaft.
  • the oil ultimately flows into an oil pan - not shown here - which is attached to the stator 15.
  • the oil pump 19 sucks the oil from this oil pan and pumps it into the oil cooling circuit 28.
  • the oil cools the electric drive 9 in addition to the coolant of the coolant circuit 3 by absorbing the waste heat from the stator 15 and the rotor 22 and releasing it to the coolant circuit 3 via the heat exchanger 16.
  • the coolant circuit 3 has a valve unit upstream of the electric drive 9, 15, 22, for example with a 4/3-way valve 4/3-WV.
  • this valve unit can also have a combination of a 3/2-way valve 3/2-WV and a 2/2-way valve 2/2-WV (Fig. 4).
  • the valve unit also includes a control unit - not shown here - which controls the respective valve as required or depending on the temperature.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates demand-based or temperature-dependent control of this valve unit using a flow chart.
  • step SO temperature monitoring is initiated. Specifically, in step 1, the following are monitored and compared: a temperature of the coolant-cooled and oil-cooled stator 15, such as its winding temperature, a temperature of the oil-cooled rotor 22, such as its magnet temperature, and a temperature of the oil being pumped.
  • the comparison or reference temperatures are as follows: the limit temperature of the stator 15 (or its winding limit temperature) is, for example, 180 ° C, the limit temperature of the rotor 22 (or its magnet limit temperature) is, for example, 180 ° C and the The limit temperature of the oil is, for example, 120°C.
  • step 1 If these three monitored temperatures are below the respective assigned limit temperature (step 1), this is determined in step 2 and in step 3 the valve unit is controlled or adjusted in such a way that the coolant path assigned to the stator 15 and the coolant path assigned to the heat exchanger 22 ness path, for example, completely or completely bridged over the coolant bypass path or bypass B shown, so that the stator 15 and the heat exchanger 16 are not flowed through with coolant at all in the meantime (step S3). No waste heat from the stator 15 and the oil cooling circuit 28 is transferred to the coolant circuit 3 and transported away through it.
  • step S3 the oil pressure in the oil cooling circuit 28 and thus in the electric drive 9, 15, 22 can also be increased using the oil pump 19 in order to improve heat transport through the oil.
  • step S4 If the rotor temperature or the oil temperature exceeds the assigned limit value in step S4, this is determined in step 5 and in step 6 the valve unit is controlled or adjusted in such a way that the coolant path assigned to the heat exchanger 22 is, for example, completely or completely opened, so that the heat exchanger 16 is flowed through with a maximum coolant flow. Waste heat from the oil cooling circuit 28 is transferred to the coolant circuit 3, which absorbs and transports away this waste heat.
  • step 8 If, additionally or alternatively, the stator temperature exceeds the assigned limit value in step S7, this is determined in step 8 and in step 9 the valve unit is controlled or adjusted in such a way that the coolant path assigned to the stator 15 is, for example, completely or completely opened, so that the stator 15 is flowed through with a maximum coolant flow. Waste heat from the stator 15 is transferred to the coolant circuit 3, which absorbs and transports away this waste heat.
  • step S9 the oil pressure in the oil cooling circuit 28 and thus in the electric drive 9, 15, 22 can also be increased using the oil pump 19 in order to improve heat transport through the oil.
  • Step 9 allows the stator windings to be wetted with the oil and thus the Improve heat transport through the oil because the oil sprayed against the stator windings by the rotor 22 can penetrate better into the stator windings.
  • said valve unit according to FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 can also be designed and controlled or adjusted in such a way that the respectively assigned coolant paths are only partially or partially closed or opened, so that the stator 15 and / or the heat exchanger 16 is/are flowed through with a reduced coolant flow.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fonctionnement d'un circuit de liquide de refroidissement (3) qui comprend un entraînement électrique (9, 15, 22), en particulier pour entraîner un véhicule, et auquel un circuit de refroidissement d'huile (28) comprenant l'entraînement électrique (9, 15, 22) est raccordé thermiquement par l'intermédiaire d'un échangeur de chaleur (16). Une unité de vanne dans le circuit de liquide de refroidissement (3) en amont de l'entraînement électrique (9, 15, 22) est réglée sur la base d'au moins la température de l'entraînement électrique (9, 15, 22) de telle sorte qu'un trajet de liquide de refroidissement associé à un stator (15) de l'entraînement électrique (9, 15, 22), ledit stator étant refroidi par le liquide de refroidissement et par de l'huile, et/ou qu'un trajet de liquide de refroidissement associé à l'échangeur de chaleur (16) soient au moins partiellement pontés par l'intermédiaire d'un trajet de dérivation de liquide de refroidissement B. L'invention se rapporte en outre à un programme informatique et à un produit-programme informatique pour mettre en œuvre le procédé, à un système de moyen de transfert de chaleur et à un véhicule.
PCT/EP2023/063220 2022-05-19 2023-05-17 Procédé de fonctionnement d'un circuit de liquide de refroidissement, programme informatique, produit-programme informatique, système de moyen de transfert de chaleur, et véhicule WO2023222744A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022204999.3A DE102022204999A1 (de) 2022-05-19 2022-05-19 Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Kühlflüssigkeitskreislaufs, Computerprogramm, Computerprogrammprodukt, Wärmetransportmittelsystem und Fahrzeug
DE102022204999.3 2022-05-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023222744A1 true WO2023222744A1 (fr) 2023-11-23

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PCT/EP2023/063220 WO2023222744A1 (fr) 2022-05-19 2023-05-17 Procédé de fonctionnement d'un circuit de liquide de refroidissement, programme informatique, produit-programme informatique, système de moyen de transfert de chaleur, et véhicule

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DE (1) DE102022204999A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023222744A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021009338A1 (fr) * 2019-07-17 2021-01-21 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Système de gestion thermique, véhicule et procédé pour faire fonctionner deux circuits de refroidissement d'un système de gestion thermique
WO2021052785A1 (fr) * 2019-09-16 2021-03-25 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Procédé de surveillance d'un flux d'huile dans un circuit de refroidissement d'huile
EP3984798A2 (fr) * 2020-10-16 2022-04-20 Jing-Jin Electric Technologies Co., Ltd. Système de refroidissement combiné pour moteur et dispositif de commande de moteur

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3427758A1 (de) 1984-07-24 1986-01-30 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Elektrische maschine mit ueberwachung des fluessigkeitskuehlkreislaufes
DE102008054216A1 (de) 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Einstellung eines elektrischen Antriebs sowie Kraftfahrzeug
DE102019117893B4 (de) 2019-07-03 2021-10-07 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Antriebsstrang für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einer direktgekühlten elektrischen Maschine und einem Getriebe, Kraftfahrzeug
DE102019217508A1 (de) 2019-11-13 2021-05-20 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Elektromaschinensystem und Kraftfahrzeug

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021009338A1 (fr) * 2019-07-17 2021-01-21 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Système de gestion thermique, véhicule et procédé pour faire fonctionner deux circuits de refroidissement d'un système de gestion thermique
WO2021052785A1 (fr) * 2019-09-16 2021-03-25 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Procédé de surveillance d'un flux d'huile dans un circuit de refroidissement d'huile
EP3984798A2 (fr) * 2020-10-16 2022-04-20 Jing-Jin Electric Technologies Co., Ltd. Système de refroidissement combiné pour moteur et dispositif de commande de moteur

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