WO2023222140A1 - 一种用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器 - Google Patents

一种用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023222140A1
WO2023222140A1 PCT/CN2023/101008 CN2023101008W WO2023222140A1 WO 2023222140 A1 WO2023222140 A1 WO 2023222140A1 CN 2023101008 W CN2023101008 W CN 2023101008W WO 2023222140 A1 WO2023222140 A1 WO 2023222140A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stator
rotor
blade
cavitation
wastewater treatment
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PCT/CN2023/101008
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王勇
李明
丁志瑶
皮勤
徐强
胡宇
黄钰
刘厚林
Original Assignee
江苏大学
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Application filed by 江苏大学 filed Critical 江苏大学
Priority to GB2318061.5A priority Critical patent/GB2621945A/en
Publication of WO2023222140A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023222140A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/34—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/008—Processes for carrying out reactions under cavitation conditions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of organic sewage treatment, and in particular to a two-stage cavitation generator for organic sewage treatment.
  • Cavitation refers to a series of processes in which gas nuclei in the liquid explosively grow, develop, and collapse when the local pressure of the liquid is reduced to the saturated vapor pressure. Cavitation collapse is accompanied by the release of energy: micro jets, shock waves, high temperature and high pressure, etc. These extreme conditions will make cavitation collapse tend to become a highly active area, and some physical and chemical changes that are difficult to occur become easier. This is , the energy released by cavitation collapse will also cause the chemical bonds of water molecules to break, forming a strongly oxidizing hydroxyl radical ( ⁇ OH). This is a strong oxidizing group second only to fluorine (F2), which can promote the growth of organic matter. Oxidative destruction. Hydraulic cavitation technology has been gradually used in sterilization and algae removal, sewage treatment, industrial cleaning and other fields.
  • Orifice plates and venturi tubes were first used in actual production life due to their simple structure and strong cavitation intensity.
  • the problems of large pressure loss and high energy consumption are also very prominent.
  • due to the cavitation generated The principle also makes it difficult to expand the structure, so clogging is inevitable.
  • These shortcomings make it difficult to apply the orifice plate and venturi tube type cavitators on a large scale.
  • the emerging rotary cavitator solves the shortcomings of the orifice plate and venturi tube to a certain extent, but its cavitation intensity is unsatisfactory and its cavitation method is single, which makes it difficult to convert limited energy into more energy. Lots of vacuoles.
  • the present invention provides a two-stage cavitation generator for organic sewage treatment, which can periodically generate two-stage cavitation in an atmospheric pressure environment, and the cavitation intensity is significantly improved. At the same time, it also has certain transportation capacity, strong adaptability, and is of great value for the treatment of organic sewage.
  • the present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.
  • a two-stage cavitation generator for organic sewage treatment including a closed impeller, a stator, and a rotor.
  • the closed impeller includes a front cover, blades, and a back cover, between the front cover and the back cover.
  • a number of blades are evenly distributed, the working surface of the blade is an arc surface, and the back surface of the blade is partially convex, so that the flow channel between the back surface of the blade and the working surface of the adjacent blade is locally narrowed to form a throat structure;
  • the outlet of the closed impeller is provided with a stator and a rotor.
  • the stator is located at the outer edge of the front cover and is fixed on the inner wall of the volute; the rotor is installed on the rear cover, and there is a gap between the stator and the rotor.
  • the stator and rotor located on both sides of the gap are respectively provided with blind holes for secondary cavitation.
  • Distance; R 1 is the closed impeller outlet radius.
  • the width of the throat structure W 1 0.25 ⁇ 0.55b.
  • the width W 1 of the throat structure is defined as the vertical distance from the circular protruding tip on the back of the blade to the working surface of the adjacent blade in the radial plane of the closed impeller. .
  • the width of the gap W 2 formed between the stator and the rotor is 0.2-1.b, where b is the width of the closed impeller outlet.
  • stator and rotor on both sides of the gap are provided with annular protrusions
  • a number of blind holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the annular protrusions.
  • the two-stage cavitation generator for organic sewage treatment according to the present invention is driven by a motor without the need for additional power equipment to provide pressure for the operation of the cavitator. It can transport organic sewage and at the same time treat the sewage. Organic matter is degraded, greatly reducing process complexity.
  • the two-stage cavitation generator for organic wastewater treatment according to the present invention fully considers the actual application scenario, can avoid cumbersome rotation speed and pressure adjustment, and can generate a certain intensity of air at low rotation speed and one inlet atmospheric pressure. , which reduces unnecessary operations and has strong adaptability.
  • the two-stage cavitation generator used for organic sewage treatment of the present invention generates one-stage cavitation downstream of the throat, and then the cavitation collapses to release energy. After the fluid reaches the slit between the stator and the rotor, it generates In the second-level cavitation, the cavitation bubbles collapse near the stator and rotor exits and release energy again. The two-level cavitation does not interfere with each other, which increases the cavitation intensity.
  • the two-stage cavitation generator for organic wastewater treatment according to the present invention can adjust the structure of the throat and the structure of the blind hole, and can also adapt to organic wastewater treatment in different scenarios by changing operating parameters, and is flexible. Stronger sex.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the two-stage cavitation generator according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the two-stage cavitation generator according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a three-dimensional view of the closed impeller of the two-stage cavitation generator according to the present invention, with the front cover hidden in the figure.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the closed impeller of the two-stage cavitation generator according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a detailed view of the throat of the two-stage cavitation generator according to the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a three-dimensional diagram of the stator of the two-stage cavitation generator according to the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the stator of the two-stage cavitation generator according to the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a three-dimensional view of the rotor of the two-stage cavitation generator according to the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor of the two-stage cavitation generator according to the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a detailed view of the blind hole of the two-stage cavitation generator according to the present invention.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • “plurality” means two or more than two, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.
  • connection In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection”, “fixing” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two components.
  • connection connection
  • fixing and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two components.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • the two-stage cavitation generator for organic wastewater treatment includes a closed impeller 1, a stator 2, and a rotor 3.
  • a stator 2 and a rotor 3 are provided at the outlet of the closed impeller.
  • the stator 2 is located at the outer edge of the front cover 1a, and the stator 2 is fixed on the inner wall of the volute; the rotor 3 is installed on the rear cover 1c. There is a gap between the stator 2 and the rotor 3.
  • the stator 2 and the rotor 3 on both sides of the gap are respectively provided with a first blind hole 2a and a second blind hole 3a for secondary cavitation.
  • stator 2 and the rotor 3 are both circular rings with an L-shaped cross section.
  • the L-shaped circular ring stator 2 has a clearance fit with the outer edge of the front cover 1a.
  • the annular rotor 3 is installed on the rear cover 1c.
  • the gap width W 2 0.2 ⁇ 1.b, where b is the outlet width of the closed impeller 1 .
  • the width W 1 of the throat structure s 0.25 ⁇ 0.55b.
  • the width W 1 of the throat structure s is defined as the distance from the circular protruding tip on the back of the blade 1b to the working surface of the adjacent blade 1b in the radial plane of the closed impeller 1 vertical distance.
  • the stator 2 and the rotor 3 on both sides of the gap are equipped with annular protrusions.
  • the stator 2 is in an annular shape.
  • a number of first blind holes 2a are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the protrusion, and a number of second blind holes 3a are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the annular protrusion of the rotor 3.
  • the first blind hole 2a and the second blind hole 3a have the same structure. Taking the first blind hole 2a as an example, as shown in Figure 10, the first blind hole 2a is composed of a cylindrical hole and a semi-spherical hole smoothly connected.
  • the two-stage cavitation generator of the present invention is a modification of a traditional pump in order to utilize the energy released by its cavitation collapse. It uses specific cavitation generating units, such as blind holes and throat structures, so that in a Under the inlet atmospheric pressure, the local pressure inside the cavitator can drop below the saturated vapor pressure, causing cavitation. This also avoids the pressure reduction operation to achieve cavitation.
  • Cavitation occurs at one atmospheric pressure, which is also the design. of a goal.
  • the two-stage cavitation generator provided by the invention has three cavitation forms, namely contraction cavitation, vortex cavitation and shear cavitation.
  • the impeller increases the kinetic energy and pressure energy of the fluid by doing work on the fluid, thereby transporting the fluid to a higher position.
  • the throat s Before the fluid reaches the throat s, it already has a certain speed.
  • the pressure downstream of the throat drops sharply.
  • the pressure decreases
  • cavitation occurs at one atmospheric pressure, which is also the design. of a goal.
  • the two-stage cavitation generator provided by the invention has three cavitation forms, namely contraction cavitation, vortex cavitation and shear cavitation.
  • the impeller increases the kinetic energy and pressure energy of the fluid by doing work on the fluid, thereby transporting the fluid to a higher position.
  • the throat s Before the fluid reaches the throat s, it already has
  • the cavitation occurring at this position is first-order cavitation. Subsequently, as the blades continue to increase the fluid kinetic energy and pressure energy, the cavitation gradually collapses in the impeller. extinguishes and releases energy; when the fluid passes through the slit between the stator and the rotor at the impeller outlet, the flow rate is already high. The fluid enters the blind hole and comes out again, forming a vortex in the blind hole.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器，包括闭式叶轮、定子、转子，所述闭式叶轮包括前盖板、叶片和后盖板，在前盖板和后盖板之间均布若干叶片，所述叶片的工作面为圆弧面，所述叶片的背面局部凸起，使叶片背面与其相邻叶片的工作面之间流道局部变窄，形成喉部结构；所述闭式叶轮的出口设有定子和转子，所述定子位于前盖板外缘处，且固定在蜗壳内壁；所述转子安装在后盖板上，所述定子与转子之间设有间隙，位于间隙两侧的所述定子和转子上分别设有盲孔，用于二级空化。本发明可在一个大气压环境下周期性地产生两级空化，空化强度明显提升，同时还具有一定的输送能力，适应性强，对有机污水的处理具有巨大价值。

Description

一种用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器 技术领域
本发明涉及有机污水处理领域，特别涉及一种用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器。
背景技术
新世纪地表水和地下水污染已成为全球高度关注的环境问题，人类社会的不断发展导致工业、农业、生活用水需求呈指数型增长，水资源紧缺的问题更加突出。当下污水成分复杂，不仅含有常规的有机物、重金属、病菌等，还含有人工合成的难降解物质。有机污水作为当下污水的一大类，对该类污水的有效处理甚至二次利用是解决当下水资源稀缺的重要措施，然而传统的污水处理方式外往往处理效率低、效果差、易造成二次污染，因此相关工作中开始探索新型的、环境友好型污水处理方式，水力空化技术的潜力被人们逐渐发现。
空化是指液体局部压力降低至饱和蒸气压时，液体中的气核爆发性生长、发展、溃灭的一系列过程。空泡溃灭伴随着能量的释放：微射流、冲击波、高温高压等，这一些列极端条件会使空泡溃灭趋于成为高度活跃区，一些难以发生的物理化学变化变得容易，此为，空泡溃灭释放的能量还会导致水分子化学键断裂，形成具有强氧化性的羟基自由基(·OH)，这是仅次于氟气(F2)的强氧化性基团，能够促进有机物氧化破环。水力空化技术已逐步应用于杀菌灭藻、污水处理、工业清洗等领域。
孔板和文丘里管因其简单的结构、较强的空化强度而最早应用于实际生成产生活中，然而其压力损失大，能耗高的问题也十分突出，此外，由于其空化产生原理也导致其结构难以扩大、因此堵塞的情况也就不可避免，这些缺点导致孔板和文丘里管类空化器难以大规模应用。新兴的旋转类空化器从一定程度上解决了孔板和文丘里管的缺点，但是其空化强度不尽人意，并且其空化方式单一，这就导致很难将有限的能量转化为更多的空泡。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的不足，本发明提供了一种用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器，其能够在一个大气压环境下周期性地产生两级空化，空化强度明显提升，同时还具有一定的输送能力，适应性强，对有机污水的处理具有巨大价值。
本发明是通过以下技术手段实现上述技术目的的。
一种用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器，包括闭式叶轮、定子、转子，所述闭式叶轮包括前盖板、叶片和后盖板，在前盖板和后盖板之间均布若干叶片，所述叶片的工作面为圆弧面，所述叶片的背面局部凸起，使叶片背面与其相邻叶片的工作面之间流道局部变窄，形成喉部结构；所述闭式叶轮的出口设有定子和转子，所述定子位于前盖板外缘处，且固定在蜗壳内壁；所述转子安装在后盖板上，所述定子与转子之间设有间隙，位于间隙两侧的所述定子和转子上分别设有盲孔，用于二级空化。
进一步，所述叶片的背面凸起顶端沿轴向方向为圆弧面，半径R3＝0.1～0.3b，其中，b为闭式叶轮出口宽度。
进一步，所述喉部结构的位置在δ＝R1/R2＝0.45～0.75处，其中R2是位于闭式叶轮径向平面内，叶片背面圆形凸起处的圆心到旋转轴的直线距离；R1是闭式叶轮出口半径。
进一步，所述喉部结构宽度W1＝0.25～0.55b，喉部结构的宽度W1定义为在闭式叶轮径向平面内，叶片背面圆形凸起尖端到相邻叶片工作面的垂直距离。
进一步，所述定子与转子之间形成的间隙宽度W2＝0.2～1.b，其中，b为闭式叶轮出口宽度。
进一步，间隙两侧的所述定子和转子均设有环形凸起，所述环形凸起沿径向的有效厚度H2＝0.9～1.2b，在环形凸起上沿圆周方向均布若干盲孔。
进一步，所述盲孔为圆柱孔和半圆球孔光滑连接组成，圆柱孔的高度为H1＝0.1～0.4b，半圆球孔半径为R3＝0.2-0.6b。
进一步，所述盲孔数量Z2＝3～5Z1，其中，Z1为叶片数量。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1.本发明所述的用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器，通过电机带动而不需要额外增设动力设备为空化器的运行提供压力，可以在输送有机污水的同时对污水中的有机物进行降解，极大程度降低工艺复杂度。
2.本发明所述的用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器，充分考虑实际应用场景，可以避免繁琐的转速和压力调整，在低转速、一个进口大气压下便能产生一定强度的空化，减少了不必要的操作，适应性强。
3.本发明所述的用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器，在喉部下游产生一级空化，随后空泡溃灭释放能量，流体到达定子和转子间的狭缝后，产生二级空化，空泡在定子和转子出口附近溃灭再次释放能量，两级空化互不干扰，提高了空化强度。
4.本发明所述的用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器，可以对喉部的结构、盲孔的结构进行调整，也可以通过改变操作参数来适应不同场景的有机污水处理，灵活性较强。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，显而易见地还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明所述的两级空化发生器的结构示意图。
图2为本发明所述的两级空化发生器的剖视图。
图3为本发明所述的两级空化发生器的闭式叶轮三维图，图中隐藏前盖板。
图4为本发明所述的两级空化发生器的闭式叶轮剖视图。
图5为本发明所述的两级空化发生器的喉部细节图。
图6为本发明所述的两级空化发生器的定子三维图。
图7为本发明所述的两级空化发生器的定子剖面图。
图8为本发明所述的两级空化发生器的转子三维图。
图9为本发明所述的两级空化发生器的转子剖面图。
图10为本发明所述的两级空化发生器的盲孔细节图。
图中：
1-叶轮；2-定子；3-转子；1a-前盖板；1b-叶片；1c-后盖板；s-喉部；2a-第一盲孔；3a-第二盲孔。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图以及具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但本发明的保护范围并不限于此。
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“轴向”、“径向”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
如图1、图2和图3所示，本发明所述的用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器，包括闭式叶轮1、定子2、转子3，所述闭式叶轮1包括前盖板1a、叶片1b和后盖板1c，在前盖板1a和后盖板1c之间均布6片叶片1b，所述叶片1b的工作面为圆弧面，所述叶片1b的背面局部凸起，使叶片1b背面与其相邻叶片1b的工作面之间流道局部变窄，形成喉部结构s；喉部s的数目n＝6。所述闭式叶轮的出口处设有定子2和转子3，所述定子2位于前盖板1a外缘处，且定子2固定在蜗壳内壁；所述转子3安装在后盖板1c上，所述定子2与转子3之间设有间隙，位于间隙两侧的所述定子2和转子3上分别设有第一盲孔2a和第二盲孔3a，用于二级空化。
如图2、图6和图8中可以看出所述定子2和转子3均为横截面为L形的圆环，L形的圆环定子2与前盖板1a外缘间隙配合，L形的圆环转子3安装在后盖板1c上。L形的圆环定子2与L形的圆环转子3之间设有间隙。所述间隙宽度W2＝0.2～1.b，其中，b为闭式叶轮1出口宽度。
如图4和图5所示，所述叶片1b的背面凸起顶端沿轴向方向为圆弧面，半径R3＝0.1～0.3b，其中，b为闭式叶轮1出口宽度。所述喉部结构s的位置在δ＝R1/R2＝0.45～0.75处，其中R2是位于闭式叶轮1径向平面内，叶片1b背面圆形凸起处的圆心到旋转轴的直线距离；R1是闭式叶轮1出口半径。所述喉部结构s宽度W1＝0.25～0.55b，喉部结构s的宽度W1定义为在闭式叶轮1径向平面内，叶片1b背面圆形凸起尖端到相邻叶片1b工作面的垂直距离。
如图7和图9所示，间隙两侧的所述定子2和转子3均设有环形凸起，所述环形凸起沿径向的有效厚度H2＝0.9～1.2b，定子2在环形凸起上沿圆周方向均布若干第一盲孔2a，转子3在环形凸起上沿圆周方向均布若干第二盲孔3a。第一盲孔2a和第二盲孔3a的结构相同，以第一盲孔2a为例，如图10所示，所述第一盲孔2a为圆柱孔和半圆球孔光滑连接组成，圆柱孔的高度为H1＝0.1～0.4b，半圆球孔半径为R3＝0.2-0.6b。所述第一盲孔2a数量Z2＝3～5Z1，其中，Z1为叶片1b数量。
工作原理：
泵作为一种流体输送装置，在使用时忽略埋管深度，其进口压大约为一个大气压，此时是不希望其发生空化的，因为这样会影响输送效率，因此在实际情况中应用的泵，也就是在一个进口大气压情况下，基本上不会发生空化。本发明所述的两级空化发生器是为了利用其空泡溃灭释放的能量而对传统泵进行的改装，其通过特定的空化发生单元，例如盲孔和喉部结构，使得在一个进口大气压下，空化器内部局部压力便可以降到饱和蒸气压以下，从而发生空化，这也避免了为实现空化而进行的降压操作，在一个大气压下发生空化，也是该设计的一个目标。本发明提供的两级空化发生器有三种空化形式，即收缩空化、涡空化和剪切空化。叶轮通过对流体做功增加流体动能和压能，从而将流体输送至较高的位置。流体到达喉部s前，已经具有一定的速度，流体经过喉部s时，由于过流面积减小，流体速度急剧增大，根据伯努利原理可知，喉部下游压力骤降，当压力降低至饱和蒸汽压以下时，便发生空化，该过程属于收缩空化，该位置发生的空化为一级空化，随后，由于叶片继续增加流体动能和压能，空泡在叶轮内逐渐溃灭，释放能量；当流体通过叶轮出口的定子和转子之间的狭缝时，流速已经较高，流体进入盲孔后又出来，在盲孔内形成漩涡，当漩涡中心压力降低至饱和蒸汽压以下时，空化发生，此外，由于定子和转子之间的盲孔周期性相对与错开，该作用下的剪切效应也会导致空化发生，因此在定子与转子之间存在涡空化和剪切空化，属于二级空化随后，空泡在高压区逐渐溃灭，再次释放能量。
应当理解，虽然本说明书是按照各个实施例描述的，但并非每个实施例仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
上文所列出的一系列的详细说明仅仅是针对本发明的可行性实施例的具体说明，它们并非用以限制本发明的保护范围，凡未脱离本发明技艺精神所作的等效实施例或变更均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器，其特征在于，包括闭式叶轮(1)、定子(2)、转子(3)，所述闭式叶轮(1)包括前盖板(1a)、叶片(1b)和后盖板(1c)，在前盖板(1a)和后盖板(1c)之间均布若干叶片(1b)，所述叶片(1b)的工作面为圆弧面，所述叶片(1b)的背面局部凸起，使叶片(1b)背面与其相邻叶片(1b)的工作面之间流道局部变窄，形成喉部结构(s)；所述闭式叶轮的出口设有定子(2)和转子(3)，所述定子(2)位于前盖板(1a)外缘处，且固定在蜗壳内壁；所述转子(3)安装在后盖板(1c)上，所述定子(2)与转子(3)之间设有间隙，位于间隙两侧的所述定子(2)和转子(3)上分别设有盲孔(2a、3a)，用于二级空化。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器，其特征在于，所述叶片(1b)的背面凸起顶端沿轴向方向为圆弧面，半径R3＝0.1～0.3b，其中，b为闭式叶轮(1)出口宽度。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器，其特征在于，所述喉部结构(s)的位置在δ＝R1/R2＝0.45～0.75处，其中R2是位于闭式叶轮(1)径向平面内，叶片(1b)背面圆形凸起处的圆心到旋转轴的直线距离；R1是闭式叶轮(1)出口半径。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器，其特征在于，所述喉部结构(s)宽度W1＝0.25～0.55b，喉部结构(s)的宽度W1定义为在闭式叶轮(1)径向平面内，叶片(1b)背面圆形凸起尖端到相邻叶片(1b)工作面的垂直距离。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器，其特征在于，所述定子(2)与转子(3)之间形成的间隙宽度W2＝0.2～1.b，其中，b为闭式叶轮(1)出口宽度。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器，其特征在于，间隙两侧的所述定子(2)和转子(3)均设有环形凸起，所述环形凸起沿径向的有效厚度H2＝0.9～1.2b，在环形凸起上沿圆周方向均布若干盲孔(2a、3a)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器，其特征在于，所述盲孔(2a、3a)为圆柱孔和半圆球孔光滑连接组成，圆柱孔的高度为H1＝0.1～0.4b，半圆球孔半径为R3＝0.2-0.6b。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的用于有机污水处理的两级空化发生器，其特征在于，所述盲孔(2a、3a)数量Z2＝3～5Z1，其中，Z1为叶片(1b)数量。
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