WO2023219159A1 - 浮体、液化二酸化炭素の積込方法 - Google Patents
浮体、液化二酸化炭素の積込方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023219159A1 WO2023219159A1 PCT/JP2023/017884 JP2023017884W WO2023219159A1 WO 2023219159 A1 WO2023219159 A1 WO 2023219159A1 JP 2023017884 W JP2023017884 W JP 2023017884W WO 2023219159 A1 WO2023219159 A1 WO 2023219159A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- loading
- carbon dioxide
- liquefied carbon
- tank
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
- B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0352—Pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/013—Carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a method for loading a floating body and liquefied carbon dioxide.
- the fuel tank disclosed in Patent Document 1 is configured to include a loading pipe (pipeline) for loading liquefied natural gas (LNG) into the fuel tank.
- a loading pipe pipeline
- LNG liquefied natural gas
- the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide at the lower ends of the loading piping and unloading piping that open in the tank corresponds to the tank operating pressure.
- the top of the loading pipe or the unloading pipe, which is the highest position, is located above the highest liquid level in the tank.
- the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide at the top of the pipe is lower than the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide at the lower end of the pipe by an amount corresponding to the head pressure due to the height difference between the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide in the tank and the top of the pipe. That is, in the loading piping and unloading piping, the pressure of liquefied carbon dioxide at the top of the piping is lower than the pressure of liquefied carbon dioxide in the tank.
- Liquefied carbon dioxide has a triple point pressure (triple point pressure) where the gas phase, liquid phase, and solid phase coexist, which is higher than that of LNG or LPG, and there is a difference from the tank operating pressure during operation. small.
- the pressure of liquefied carbon dioxide may drop below the triple point pressure at the top of the pipe where the pressure of liquefied carbon dioxide is lowest, causing flash evaporation of liquefied carbon dioxide. be.
- the present disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and includes a floating body capable of suppressing the generation of dry ice in piping and smoothly carrying out loading and unloading operations of liquefied carbon dioxide.
- the purpose is to provide a loading method.
- a floating body includes a floating body main body, a tank, a loading piping section, a bypass piping section, and a switching section.
- the tank is arranged on the floating body.
- the tank can store liquefied carbon dioxide.
- the loading piping section penetrates the inside and outside of the tank from above to below.
- the loading piping section discharges liquefied carbon dioxide supplied from the outside into the tank.
- the bypass piping section is outside the tank, and one end is connected to the loading piping section, and the other end is connected to the loading piping section downstream of the one end.
- the bypass piping section has an inner diameter smaller than the loading piping section.
- the switching section is capable of switching the distribution route of the liquefied carbon dioxide between the loading piping section and the bypass piping section.
- the method of loading liquefied carbon dioxide is a method of loading liquefied carbon dioxide in a floating body as described above.
- the method for loading liquefied carbon dioxide includes the steps of loading liquefied carbon dioxide into the tank through the bypass piping section, and when the liquid level of liquefied carbon dioxide in the tank reaches a predetermined liquid level, loading the liquefied carbon dioxide into the tank through the bypass piping section. loading liquefied carbon dioxide into the tank through only the piping section.
- the method of loading a floating body and liquefied carbon dioxide of the present disclosure it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in piping and to smoothly perform loading and unloading operations of liquefied carbon dioxide.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a ship as a floating body according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- 2 is a diagram illustrating a tank, loading piping, and unloading piping provided in a ship according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which liquefied carbon dioxide is being loaded through a bypass piping section in a liquefied carbon dioxide loading method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which liquefied carbon dioxide is being loaded only through a loading piping section in a liquefied carbon dioxide loading method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- 1 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a method for loading liquefied carbon dioxide according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a ship 1 which is a floating body, transports liquefied carbon dioxide.
- This ship 1 includes at least a hull 2 as a floating body body and tank equipment 10.
- the hull 2 has a pair of sides 3A and 3B forming its outer shell, a bottom (not shown), and an upper deck 5.
- the sides 3A and 3B have a pair of side skins forming port and starboard sides, respectively.
- the bottom (not shown) has a bottom skin that connects these sides 3A, 3B.
- the outer shell of the hull 2 has a U-shape in a cross section perpendicular to the bow and stern direction Da due to the pair of sides 3A, 3B and the bottom (not shown).
- the upper deck 5 illustrated in this embodiment is a full deck exposed to the outside.
- an upper structure 7 having a living area is formed on an upper deck 5 on the stern 2b side.
- a cargo loading compartment (hold) 8 is formed in the hull 2 closer to the bow 2a than the superstructure 7.
- the cargo loading compartment 8 is recessed from the upper deck 5 toward the bottom of the ship and opens upward.
- a plurality of tank facilities 10 are arranged in the cargo loading compartment 8 along the bow and aft direction Da.
- two tank facilities 10 are arranged at intervals in the bow and aft direction Da.
- the tank equipment 10 includes at least a tank 11, a loading pipe 20, and an unloading pipe 30.
- the tank 11 is arranged in the hull 2.
- the tank 11 has, for example, a cylindrical shape extending in the horizontal direction.
- the tank 11 can store liquefied carbon dioxide L therein.
- the tank 11 includes a cylindrical portion 12 and a spherical end portion 13.
- the cylindrical portion 12 extends in the horizontal direction as a longitudinal direction Dx.
- the cylindrical portion 12 is formed into a cylindrical shape with a circular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction Dx.
- the end spherical portions 13 are arranged at both ends of the cylindrical portion 12 in the longitudinal direction Dx.
- Each end spherical portion 13 has a hemispherical shape and closes openings at both ends of the cylindrical portion 12 in the longitudinal direction Dx.
- the tank 11 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and the tank 11 may be spherical, rectangular, or the like.
- the loading pipe 20 loads liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from outside the ship, such as from a land-based liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility, into the tank 11.
- the loading piping 20 includes a loading piping section 50, a bypass piping section 53, and a switching section 55.
- the loading piping section 50 includes a first loading piping section 51 and a second loading piping section 52.
- the loading piping section 50 releases liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from the outside into the tank 11.
- the first loading piping section 51 is removably connected to a supply pipe (not shown) through which liquefied carbon dioxide is supplied from an external liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility or the like.
- the first loading piping section 51 is arranged outside the tank 11.
- the first loading piping section 51 in this embodiment extends in the horizontal direction above the vertical direction Dv of the tank 11.
- the first loading piping section 51 has an inner diameter D1.
- a base end 52p (in other words, an upper end in the vertical direction Dv) of the second loading piping section 52 is connected to the first loading piping section 51.
- the second loading piping section 52 penetrates the top of the tank 11 and extends inside and outside the tank 11 from above to below in the vertical direction Dv.
- a tip 52g (in other words, a lower end in the up-down direction Dv) of the second loading piping portion 52 opens downward in the lower part of the tank 11.
- the second loading piping section 52 has an inner diameter D1.
- the second loading piping section 52 includes a second loading piping upstream section 52a located upstream from the other end 53b of the bypass piping section 53, which will be described later, and a second loading piping upstream section 52a located downstream from the other end 53b. It has a piping downstream section 52b.
- the bypass piping section 53 is arranged outside the tank 11.
- One end 53a (in other words, the upper end in the vertical direction Dv) of the bypass piping portion 53 is connected to the first loading piping portion 51 at the piping top portion 50t of the loading piping portion 50.
- One end 53a of the bypass piping section 53 may be connected to the second loading piping section 52.
- the bypass piping section 53 extends in the vertical direction Dv between one end 53a and the other end 53b, parallel to the second loading piping upstream section 52a.
- the other end 53b of the bypass piping section 53 (in other words, the lower end in the vertical direction Dv) is connected to the second loading piping section 52 on the downstream side of the one end 53a.
- the other end 53b of the bypass piping section 53 is connected to the second loading piping section 52 outside the tank 11.
- the bypass piping portion 53 has an inner diameter D2 smaller than the inner diameter D1.
- the switching section 55 allows the flow path of the liquefied carbon dioxide L to be switched between the loading piping section 50 and the bypass piping section 53.
- the switching section 55 includes on-off valves 56 and 57.
- the on-off valve 56 is provided in the second loading piping section 52. This on-off valve 56 opens and closes the second loading piping section 52 .
- the on-off valve 57 is provided in the bypass piping section 53. The on-off valve 57 opens and closes the bypass piping section 53.
- the switching part 55 opens the on-off valve 56 and closes the on-off valve 57
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L is transferred to the loading piping part 50 (the first loading piping part 51 and the second loading piping section 52) are the only distribution routes.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L is transferred from the first loading piping section 51 to the second loading piping upstream section 52a of the second loading piping section 52, and the second loading piping downstream section 52a of the second loading piping section 52, without passing through the bypass piping section 53. It passes through the section 52b and is discharged into the tank 11.
- the switching section 55 when the on-off valve 56 is closed and the on-off valve 57 is opened, the flow path of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is switched to the bypass piping section 53.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L is discharged from the first loading piping section 51 into the tank 11 via the bypass piping section 53 and the second loading piping downstream section 52b of the second loading piping section 52.
- the unloading pipe 30 sends out the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 to a land-based liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility or the like outside the ship.
- the unloading pipe 30 penetrates the top of the tank 11 from the outside of the tank 11 and extends into the inside of the tank 11 .
- the distal end of the unloading pipe 30 is located at the lower part of the tank 11 .
- a pump 31 is provided at the tip of the unloading pipe 30. The pump 31 sucks the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11.
- the unloading pipe 30 sends out the liquefied carbon dioxide L sucked in by the pump 31 to the outside of the tank 11 (outboard).
- the liquefied carbon dioxide loading method S10 includes a step S11 of loading the liquefied carbon dioxide L through the bypass piping section 53, and a step S11 of loading the liquefied carbon dioxide L through the loading piping section 50 only. This includes a step S12 of loading.
- step S11 of loading liquefied carbon dioxide L through the bypass piping section 53 in the switching section 55, the on-off valve 56 is closed and the on-off valve 57 is opened. Thereby, the flow path of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is switched to the bypass piping section 53.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from outside the ship bypasses the second loading piping upstream section 52a from the first loading piping section 51, and passes through the bypass piping section 53 to the second loading piping. It flows into the second loading pipe downstream section 52b of the section 52.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L is sent into the tank 11 from the opening at the tip 52g of the second loading pipe downstream section 52b.
- the inner diameter D2 of the bypass piping section 53 is larger than the inner diameter D1 of the second loading piping upstream section 52a of the second loading piping section 52, which is lined up with the bypass piping section 53 between one end 53a and the other end 53b. small. Therefore, in step S11, by switching the flow path of the liquefied carbon dioxide L to the bypass piping section 53, the pressure loss ⁇ P in the bypass piping section 53 increases.
- the pressure P L of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the pipe top 50t of the loading pipe 20 is expressed by the following formula (1).
- PL PT - ⁇ g (h 2 - h 1 )/1000+ ⁇ P (1) however, P L : Pressure of liquefied carbon dioxide L at the top 50t of the loading pipe 20 (kPaG)
- P T Pressure of liquefied carbon dioxide L at the upper part of tank 11 (kPaG)
- ⁇ Liquid density of liquefied carbon dioxide L (kg/m 3 )
- g Gravitational acceleration (m/s 2 )
- h2 Height from the bottom of the tank 11 to the top 50t of the loading pipe 20 (m)
- h 1 Height from the bottom of the tank 11 to the liquid level of liquefied carbon dioxide L (m)
- the pressure ( PL ) of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the top 50t of the loading pipe 20 is increased by the pressure loss ⁇ P.
- the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the pipe top 50t of the loading pipe 20 is prevented from approaching the triple point pressure. This prevents the liquefied carbon dioxide L from solidifying within the loading pipe 20 and producing dry ice.
- step S12 of loading the liquefied carbon dioxide L only through the loading piping section 50 to move to.
- step S12 in the switching unit 55, the on-off valve 56 is opened and the on-off valve 57 is closed.
- the bypass piping section 53 is closed, and the first loading piping section 51 and the second loading piping section 52 are placed in communication with each other.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from outside the ship does not pass through the bypass piping section 53 from the first loading piping section 51, but passes through the second loading piping upstream section 52a of the second loading piping section 52. , and into the tank 11 through the second loading pipe downstream section 52b. That is, the liquefied carbon dioxide L passes only through the loading piping section 50.
- the predetermined liquid level is a liquid level that can maintain the pressure at the top 50t of the loading piping 20 at a pressure that does not cause flash evaporation of liquefied carbon dioxide even when the loading piping section 50 is used.
- the inner diameter D1 of the second loading pipe upstream section 52a of the second loading pipe section 52 is larger than the inner diameter D2 of the bypass piping section 53. Therefore, compared to step S11, the flow rate of the liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied into the tank 11 through the second loading piping section 52 can be increased.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L can be loaded into the tank 11 via the bypass piping section 53.
- the inner diameter D2 of the bypass piping section 53 is smaller than the inner diameter D1 of the second loading piping upstream section 52a of the second loading piping section 52. Therefore, the pressure loss ⁇ P is larger in the bypass piping section 53 than in the second loading piping upstream section 52a of the second loading piping 52.
- one end 53a and the other end 53b of the bypass piping section 53 are connected to the loading piping section 50 outside the tank 11.
- the bypass piping section 53 is arranged outside the tank 11. Therefore, only the loading piping section 50 penetrates the inside and outside of the tank 11. Thereby, there is no need to penetrate the bypass piping section 53 into and out of the tank 11 during manufacturing, and there is no need to route the bypass piping section 53 within the tank 11. Therefore, the floating body 1 can be manufactured easily. Further, the total length of the piping including the loading piping section 50 and the bypass piping section 53 can be suppressed, and an increase in material costs can be suppressed.
- the one end 53a of the bypass piping section 53 is connected to the piping top section 50t of the loading piping section 50, the influence of the pressure loss ⁇ P due to the bypass piping section 53 has an effect on the piping top section 50t of the loading piping section 50. target. Thereby, it is possible to more effectively prevent the liquefied carbon dioxide L from solidifying within the loading piping section 50 and producing dry ice.
- the loading pipe 20 loads the liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from outside the ship, such as a land-based liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility, into the tank 11.
- the loading pipe 20 is not limited to loading the liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from outside the ship into the tank 11.
- the loading pipe 20 may load the liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from a predetermined tank 11 into other tanks 11.
- the ship 1 is illustrated as the floating body, but the floating body is not limited to this.
- the floating body may be an offshore floating facility without a propulsion mechanism.
- the loading method S10 of the floating body 1 and liquefied carbon dioxide L described in the embodiment can be understood, for example, as follows.
- the floating body 1 includes a floating body body 2, a tank 11 disposed in the floating body body 2 and capable of storing liquefied carbon dioxide L, and the inside and outside of the tank 11 from above to below.
- a loading piping section 50 that penetrates through the tank 11 and discharges liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from the outside into the tank 11;
- the end 53b is connected to the loading piping section 50 on the downstream side of the one end 53a, and the bypass piping section 53 has an inner diameter D2 smaller than the loading piping section 50, and the flow path of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is connected to the loading piping section 53.
- a switching section 55 that can switch between the included piping section 50 and the bypass piping section 53 is provided.
- Examples of the floating body 1 include a ship 1 and offshore floating equipment.
- Examples of the floating body body 2 include a ship body 2 and a floating body body of an offshore floating facility.
- one end 53a and the other end 53b of the bypass piping section 53 are connected to the loading piping section 50 outside the tank 11. That is, the bypass piping section 53 is arranged outside the tank 11. Therefore, only the loading piping section 50 penetrates the inside and outside of the tank 11. Accordingly, there is no need to penetrate the bypass piping section 53 into and out of the tank 11 during manufacturing, and there is no need to route the bypass piping section 53 within the tank 11. Therefore, the floating body 1 can be manufactured easily. Further, the total length of the piping including the loading piping section 50 and the bypass piping section 53 can be suppressed, and an increase in material costs can be suppressed.
- the floating body 1 according to the second aspect is the floating body 1 of (1), in which the one end 53a of the bypass piping portion 53 is connected to the piping top portion 50t of the loading piping portion 50.
- one end 53a of the bypass piping section 53 is connected to the piping top section 50t of the loading piping section 50, so that the influence of pressure loss ⁇ P due to the bypass piping section 53 is reduced to the piping top section 50t of the loading piping section 50. reach effectively. Thereby, it is possible to more effectively prevent the liquefied carbon dioxide L from solidifying within the loading piping section 50 and producing dry ice.
- the method S10 for loading liquefied carbon dioxide L is the method S10 for loading liquefied carbon dioxide L in the floating body 1 of (1) or (2), in which the bypass piping section 53 Step S11 of loading the liquefied carbon dioxide L into the tank 11 through the tank 11, and when the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 reaches a predetermined level, the loading pipe 50 is loaded into the tank 11 only through the loading piping section 50. step S12 of loading liquefied carbon dioxide L into the container.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 when the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 is low, by loading the liquefied carbon dioxide L into the tank 11 through the bypass piping section 53, the liquefied carbon dioxide L is solidified within the loading piping section 50. Generation of dry ice is suppressed.
- the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 rises, and the pressure difference between the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 and the pipe top 50t of the loading pipe section 50 becomes small, and the liquefied carbon dioxide L rises at the top 50t of the pipe.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L When the carbon dioxide becomes difficult to solidify, the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded into the tank 11 only through the loading piping section 50. Thereby, the liquefied carbon dioxide L can be loaded in a short time.
- the method of loading a floating body and liquefied carbon dioxide of the present disclosure it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in piping and to smoothly perform loading and unloading operations of liquefied carbon dioxide.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本願は、2022年5月13日に日本に出願された特願2022-079224号について優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
(船舶の構成)
図1に示すように、本開示の実施形態において、浮体である船舶1は、液化二酸化炭素を運搬する。この船舶1は、浮体本体としての船体2と、タンク設備10と、を少なくとも備えている。
船体2は、その外殻をなす、一対の舷側3A,3Bと、船底(図示せず)と、上甲板5と、を有している。舷側3A,3Bは、左右舷側をそれぞれ形成する一対の舷側外板を有する。船底(図示せず)は、これら舷側3A,3Bを接続する船底外板を有する。これら一対の舷側3A,3B及び船底(図示せず)により、船体2の外殻は、船首尾方向Daに直交する断面において、U字状を成している。この実施形態で例示する上甲板5は、外部に露出する全通甲板である。船体2には、船尾2b側の上甲板5上に、居住区を有する上部構造7が形成されている。
タンク設備10は、貨物搭載区画8内に、船首尾方向Daに沿って、複数が配置されている。本開示の実施形態において、タンク設備10は、船首尾方向Daに間隔を空けて二個配置されている。
この実施形態において、タンク11は、船体2に配置されている。タンク11は、例えば、水平方向に延びる円筒状をなす。タンク11は、その内部に液化二酸化炭素Lを貯留可能である。タンク11は、筒状部12と、端部球状部13と、を備えている。筒状部12は、水平方向を長手方向Dxとして延びている。この実施形態において、筒状部12は、長手方向Dxに直交する断面形状が円形の、円筒状に形成されている。端部球状部13は、筒状部12の長手方向Dxの両端部にそれぞれ配置されている。各端部球状部13は、半球状で、筒状部12の長手方向Dx両端の開口を閉塞している。なお、タンク11は、円筒状に限られるものではなく、タンク11は球形、方形等であってもよい。
第一積込配管部51は、船外の液化二酸化炭素供給施設等から液化二酸化炭素が供給される供給管(図示せず)が着脱可能に接続される。第一積込配管部51は、タンク11の外部に配置されている。この実施形態における第一積込配管部51は、タンク11の上下方向Dvの上方で、水平方向に延びている。第一積込配管部51は、内径D1を有している。
開閉弁56は、第二積込配管部52に設けられている。この開閉弁56は、第二積込配管部52を開閉する。開閉弁57は、バイパス配管部53に設けられている。開閉弁57は、バイパス配管部53を開閉する。
図5に示すように、本開示の実施形態に係る液化二酸化炭素の積込方法S10は、バイパス配管部53を通して液化二酸化炭素Lを積み込む工程S11と、積込配管部50のみを通して液化二酸化炭素Lを積み込む工程S12と、を含んでいる。
PL=PT-ρg(h2-h1)/1000+ΔP ・・・(1)
ただし、
PL:積込配管20の配管頂部50tにおける液化二酸化炭素Lの圧力(kPaG)
PT:タンク11の上部における液化二酸化炭素Lの圧力(kPaG)
ρ:液化二酸化炭素Lの液密度(kg/m3)
g:重力加速度(m/s2)
h2:タンク11の最下部から積込配管20の配管頂部50tまでの高さ(m)
h1:タンク11の最下部から液化二酸化炭素Lの液面までの高さ(m)
このとき、第二積込配管部52の第二積込配管上流部52aの内径D1は、バイパス配管部53の内径D2よりも大きい。そのため、工程S11に比較し、第二積込配管部52を通してタンク11内に供給する液化二酸化炭素Lの流量を増大させることができる。
上述したような船舶1では、液化二酸化炭素Lを、バイパス配管部53を経てタンク11内に積み込むことができる。バイパス配管部53の内径D2は、第二積込配管部52の第二積込配管上流部52aの内径D1よりも小さい。そのため、バイパス配管部53では、第二積込配管52の第二積込配管上流部52aよりも、圧力損失ΔPが大きくなる。その結果、タンク11内に液化二酸化炭素Lを収容する場合において、積込配管20内のドライアイス生成を抑え、積込作業を円滑に行うことが可能となる。
また、バイパス配管部53の一端53a、及び他端53bは、タンク11の外部で積込配管部50に接続されている。つまり、バイパス配管部53はタンク11の外部に配置されている。このため、積込配管部50のみが、タンク11の内外を貫通することになる。これにより、製造時に、バイパス配管部53をタンク11の内外に貫通させる必要、及び、バイパス配管部53をタンク11内で取り回す必要が無い。したがって、浮体1の製造を容易に行うことができる。また、積込配管部50、及びバイパス配管部53を含む配管の全長を抑え、材料コストの上昇を抑えることができる。
また、タンク11内の液化二酸化炭素Lの液位が上がり、予め定められた液位に達した後は、バイパス配管部53を通して液化二酸化炭素Lをタンク11に積み込むようにしている。これにより、液化二酸化炭素Lの積込を短時間で行うことが可能となる。
以上、本開示の実施の形態について図面を参照して詳述したが、具体的な構成はこの実施の形態に限られるものではなく、本開示の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計変更等も含まれる。
なお、上記実施形態では、二つのタンク11を備える構成としたが、タンク11の個数や配置はこれに限られない。三つ以上のタンク11を備えていてもよい。また、上記各実施形態では、複数のタンク11を船首尾方向Daに並べて配置する場合を例示したが、タンク11は、船幅方向(言い換えれば、左右舷方向)に並べて配置してもよい。
実施形態に記載の浮体1、液化二酸化炭素Lの積込方法S10は、例えば以下のように把握される。
浮体1の例としては、船舶1や洋上浮体設備が挙げられる。浮体本体2の例としては、船体2や洋上浮体設備の浮体本体が挙げられる。
また、バイパス配管部53の一端53a、及び他端53bは、タンク11の外部で積込配管部50に接続されている。つまり、バイパス配管部53はタンク11の外部に配置されている。このため、積込配管部50のみが、タンク11の内外を貫通することになる。これにおり、製造時に、バイパス配管部53をタンク11の内外に貫通させる必要、及び、バイパス配管部53をタンク11内で取り回す必要が無い。したがって、浮体1の製造を容易に行うことができる。また、積込配管部50、及びバイパス配管部53を含む配管の全長を抑え、材料コストの上昇を抑えることができる。
Claims (3)
- 浮体本体と、
前記浮体本体に配置され、液化二酸化炭素を貯留可能なタンクと、
前記タンクの内外を上方から下方に向かって貫通し、外部から供給される液化二酸化炭素を前記タンク内に放出する積込配管部と、
前記タンクの外部で、一端が前記積込配管部に接続されるとともに、他端が前記一端よりも下流側で前記積込配管部に接続され、内径が前記積込配管部よりも小さいバイパス配管部と、
前記液化二酸化炭素の流通経路を前記積込配管部と前記バイパス配管部とを切替可能な切替部と、
を備える浮体。 - 前記バイパス配管部の前記一端は、前記積込配管部の配管頂部に接続されている
請求項1に記載の浮体。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の浮体における、液化二酸化炭素の積込方法であって、
前記バイパス配管部を通して前記タンク内に液化二酸化炭素を積み込む工程と、
前記タンク内の液化二酸化炭素の液位が予め定められた液位に到達したら、前記積込配管部のみを通して前記タンク内に液化二酸化炭素を積み込む工程と、を含む
液化二酸化炭素の積込方法。
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