WO2023217054A1 - 一种适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法 - Google Patents

一种适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法 Download PDF

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WO2023217054A1
WO2023217054A1 PCT/CN2023/092629 CN2023092629W WO2023217054A1 WO 2023217054 A1 WO2023217054 A1 WO 2023217054A1 CN 2023092629 W CN2023092629 W CN 2023092629W WO 2023217054 A1 WO2023217054 A1 WO 2023217054A1
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wireless charging
module
input voltage
charging system
voltage amplitude
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French (fr)
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钟文兴
徐德鸿
朱晨
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Zhejiang University
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Zhejiang University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of wireless power transmission, and in particular to a voltage optimization joint control method suitable for multi-module wireless charging systems.
  • Wireless charging technology for electric vehicles has attracted much attention due to its advantages such as high efficiency and convenience, low maintenance costs, and no environmental impact.
  • low- and medium-power wireless charging technology has achieved certain development, high-power wireless fast charging is still under research.
  • Modular wireless energy transmission technology is helpful in breaking through the power limitations of traditional single-channel wireless charging.
  • the monotonic relationship between the input and output of each module is destroyed, making it difficult to control one of them individually. The output of the module is controlled, so there is no practical application yet.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a voltage optimization joint control method suitable for a multi-module wireless charging system.
  • the invention can realize current output control and balance of current in each circuit of a multi-module wireless charging system under facing and offset conditions, and has good versatility.
  • the technical solution of the present invention a voltage optimization joint control method suitable for a multi-module wireless charging system.
  • the multi-module wireless charging system contains several wireless charging modules.
  • Each wireless charging module includes a transmitting coil, a receiving coil, and a transmitter circuit. and the receiving end circuit; the output sides of all wireless charging modules are connected in parallel to output to the same load; the wireless charging modules The charging modules all adopt LCC compensation topology.
  • the total output current of the multi-module wireless charging system is used as the feedback quantity to control the reference voltage value of the multi-module wireless charging system.
  • the input voltage of each wireless charging module is calculated according to the input voltage amplitude ratio matrix. The amplitude is adjusted, combined with the input voltage phase difference, to achieve output control and current balancing of the multi-module wireless charging system.
  • the above-mentioned voltage optimization joint control method suitable for multi-module wireless charging systems uses a phase-shifting control method to compare the total output current of the multi-module wireless charging system as a feedback quantity with the total output current reference value, and determines the input voltage through the PID compensation network Reference value, adjust the reference voltage value based on the input voltage reference value.
  • the determination of the input voltage amplitude ratio matrix includes the following steps: In the first step, first determine the multiple The voltage phase in the module wireless charging system that meets the above conditions is then used to uniquely determine the input voltage phase difference between each wireless charging module through integer programming based on the conditions of optimal efficiency and active power balance on the input side of each wireless charging module; the second step , after determining the input voltage phase, according to the equal current amplitudes of the inverter loop and rectifier bridge loop in the multi-module wireless charging system, the input voltage amplitude ratio matrix of the two wireless charging modules is obtained. For the two input voltage amplitude ratios The matrix is weighted to determine the final input voltage amplitude ratio matrix of the multi-module wireless charging system.
  • the aforementioned voltage optimization joint control method is suitable for a multi-module wireless charging system.
  • the optimal voltage phase of the multi-module wireless charging system is 0° or 180°.
  • the formula for adjusting the input voltage amplitude of each wireless charging module by the input voltage amplitude ratio matrix is as follows:
  • the wireless charging modules of the present invention all adopt LCC compensation topology.
  • the reference voltage value i.e., the reference phase shift angle
  • the input voltage amplitude of each wireless charging module is adjusted according to the input voltage amplitude ratio matrix.
  • the output control of any multi-module wireless charging system under direct alignment and offset conditions is realized. And the purpose of basic balancing of each loop current.
  • the method of the present invention can be used to control the total output current of a multi-module wireless charging system with LCC topology and the basic balance of each loop current through control means, and is suitable for various types of multi-module wireless charging systems, and the compensation method, load properties, The number and placement of modules do not affect the versatility of this solution, and it has good adaptability.
  • Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram of a multi-module wireless charging system
  • Figure 2 is the equivalent circuit of a two-module wireless charging system with LCC topology
  • Figure 3 shows the fundamental wave equivalent circuit of a two-module wireless charging system with LCC topology
  • Figure 4 is the voltage optimization joint control block diagram of the multi-module wireless charging system with LCC topology
  • Figure 5 is a simulation coil structure diagram of a seven-module wireless charging system with LCC topology
  • Figure 6 shows the inverter loop current waveform when the seven-module wireless charging system with LCC topology faces directly
  • Figure 7 shows the rectifier bridge loop current waveform when the seven-module wireless charging system with LCC topology is facing directly.
  • Embodiment A voltage-optimized joint control method suitable for a multi-module wireless charging system.
  • the multi-module wireless charging system contains several wireless charging modules.
  • Each wireless charging module includes a transmitting coil, a receiving coil and a set of independent The transmitter circuit and the receiver circuit; the transmitter circuit is composed of a DC input, an inverter, and a compensation network with an LCC structure; the receiver circuit is composed of a rectifier bridge and a compensation network with an LCC structure (it can also include a DC-DC converter).
  • the parameters in the LCC compensation network are consistent with the parameters when the single-channel bilateral LCC structure wireless charging system is fully compensated.
  • the output sides of all wireless charging modules are connected in parallel to output to the same load; the wireless charging modules all adopt LCC compensation topology.
  • the multi-module wireless charging system is shown in Figure 1.
  • the equivalent circuit is shown in Figure 2
  • the fundamental wave equivalent circuit is shown in Figure 3
  • the parameter settings of the LCC compensation circuit are as follows:
  • ⁇ 0 represents the resonant frequency
  • L fT* and L fR* represent the series compensation inductance of the primary and secondary sides respectively
  • L T* and L R* represent the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil respectively
  • C fT* and C fR* represent the parallel compensation capacitance of the primary side and the secondary side respectively
  • C T* and C R* represent the series connection of the primary side and the secondary side respectively.
  • compensation capacitor and represent the currents of the series compensation inductors on the primary side and secondary side respectively, and represent the currents of the transmitting coil and receiving coil respectively;
  • the transmitting coil current of each wireless charging module in the multi-module wireless charging system is only affected by the input voltage amplitude, and the receiving coil current amplitude of each wireless charging module is only affected by the output voltage amplitude. And completely equal.
  • the maximum current of the transmitting coil can be determined; considering the maximum overshoot of the output voltage amplitude during the closed-loop adjustment process, the maximum current of the receiving coil can be determined. And the above maximum current is not affected by the coil position, current system power, etc. Therefore, the maximum current of the coil can be calculated at the design stage, and this maximum current will not be exceeded under any extreme circumstances. Therefore, the main purpose of multi-module wireless charging system control is to ensure the basic balance of the inverter and rectifier bridge loop currents.
  • the method adopted in this embodiment is to use the total output current of the multi-module wireless charging system as a feedback quantity, control the reference voltage value (ie, phase shift angle) of the multi-module wireless charging system, and adjust each wireless charging system according to the input voltage amplitude ratio matrix.
  • the input voltage amplitude (ie, phase shift angle) of the charging module is adjusted to achieve output control and current balancing of the multi-module wireless charging system.
  • the phase-shift control method is used to compare the total output current of the multi-module wireless charging system as a feedback quantity with the total output current reference value, and the input current is determined through the PID compensation network.
  • Voltage reference value adjust the reference voltage value according to the input voltage reference value.
  • the determination of the input voltage secondary value ratio matrix is to first determine the voltage phase of the multi-module wireless charging system, and then calculate the ratio of each wireless charging module through integer programming based on the conditions of optimal efficiency and active power balance on the input side of each wireless charging module.
  • the input voltage phase difference between The input voltage amplitude ratio matrix is weighted to determine the final input voltage amplitude ratio matrix of the multi-module wireless charging system.
  • the superscript ' represents the parameter of one of the symmetric offset positions.
  • the voltage stress should be minimized in a spatially symmetrical position.
  • the current distribution at a symmetric position in space is asymmetric, you can always adjust the amplitude and phase distribution of the input voltage to reduce the amplitude of the loop current with the largest amplitude and find a better solution.
  • R L* represents the equivalent AC load resistance
  • equation (7) For any input voltage amplitude, equation (7) should be established, and it can be obtained:
  • ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 represent the input voltage phases of the first and second modules respectively, and ⁇ 12 represents the input voltage phase difference between the first module and the second module, which is the maximum limit of the multi-module wireless charging system.
  • the optimal input voltage phase difference is 0° or 180°.
  • the above equation uses a four-module wireless charging system as an example.
  • the above formula can be simply explained as trying to reverse the input voltage of adjacent modules while ensuring the balance of active power on the primary side.
  • the parameters can be obtained through offline measurement, and the equivalent AC load resistance can be calculated based on the output resistance and output side current.
  • Y inn is the expression of the dimensionless coefficient Y inn_n
  • Y outn is the expression of the dimensionless coefficient Y outn_n ;
  • the input voltage amplitude and the input phase shift angle can be converted into each other.
  • the control variable is selected as the input voltage amplitude.
  • phase shift modulation in Figure 4 is the control method of phase shift modulation; gate driver signal of module is the driving signal of the wireless charging module).
  • the input voltage amplitude (i.e., phase shift angle) of each wireless charging module is adjusted according to the input voltage amplitude ratio matrix to achieve current output control and each loop current of the multi-module wireless charging system under direct alignment and offset conditions. of equilibrium.
  • This embodiment takes a seven-module wireless charging system with a rated power of 200KW as an example, and performs verification in two situations: facing directly and offset by 7.5cm.
  • the coil structure uses hexagonal coils, and the spatial structure is shown in Figure 5.
  • the simulation can obtain the inductance and phase parameters as shown in Table 1 Shown:
  • circuit structure, compensation method and transmitter inverter control method are all set according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the circuit simulation waveform diagram obtained by using the method of the present invention is shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7. Compare this control method with the joint control method using the voltage phases in Table 1 and the joint control method in which the input voltages are all in the same direction.
  • the comparison results in the case of direct alignment and offset are shown in Table 3 and Table 4 below respectively:
  • the wireless charging modules of the present invention all adopt LCC compensation topology.
  • the reference input voltage of the multi-module wireless charging system is controlled, and then the reference input voltage of the multi-module wireless charging system is controlled according to the input voltage amplitude.
  • the value ratio matrix adjusts the input voltage of each wireless charging module, achieving the purpose of output control of any multi-module wireless charging system under direct alignment and offset conditions and the basic balancing of each loop current.
  • the method of the present invention can be used to control the total output current of a multi-module wireless charging system with LCC topology and the basic balance of each loop current through control means, and is suitable for various types of multi-module wireless charging systems, and the compensation method, load properties, The number and placement of modules do not affect the versatility of this solution, and it has good adaptability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法，所述多模块无线充电系统含有若干无线充电模块，每个无线充电模块包含发射线圈、接收线圈、发射端电路和接收端电路；所有无线充电模块的输出侧并联，对同一个负载进行输出；所述无线充电模块均采用LCC补偿拓扑，将多模块无线充电系统的总输出电流作为反馈量，对多模块无线充电系统的参考输入电压进行控制，根据输入电压幅值比矩阵对各个无线充电模块的输入电压幅值进行调整，实现对多模块无线充电系统的输出控制与电流均衡。本发明具有良好的通用性。

Description

一种适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及无线电能传输技术领域，特别涉及一种适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法。
背景技术
随着全球范围内能源紧缺和环境污染问题的日益严重，发展电动汽车的重要性日益凸显。电动汽车无线充电技术，由于具有高效便利、维护成本低、不受环境影响等一系列优点备受关注。虽然目前中低功率无线充电技术已经得到一定发展，但大功率无线快充仍在研究当中。模块化的无线传能技术有利于突破传统单通道无线充电的功率限制，但由于不同模块间存在着复杂的交叉耦合，破坏了每个模块输入输出之间的单调关系，导致难以单独对其中一个模块的输出进行控制，所以目前还没有实际应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法。本发明可以实现对多模块无线充电系统正对和偏移情况下的电流输出控制以及各回路电流的均衡，具有良好的通用性。
本发明的技术方案：一种适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法，所述多模块无线充电系统含有若干无线充电模块，每个无线充电模块包含发射线圈、接收线圈、发射端电路和接收端电路；所有无线充电模块的输出侧并联，对同一个负载进行输出；所述无线 充电模块均采用LCC补偿拓扑，将多模块无线充电系统的总输出电流作为反馈量，对多模块无线充电系统的参考电压值进行控制，根据输入电压幅值比矩阵对各个无线充电模块的输入电压幅值进行调整，结合输入电压相位差，实现对多模块无线充电系统的输出控制与电流均衡。
上述的适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法，采用移相控制法将多模块无线充电系统的总输出电流作为反馈量与总输出电流参考值进行比较，通过PID补偿网络确定输入电压参考值，依据输入电压参考值进行调整参考电压值。
前述的适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法，所述输入电压幅值比矩阵的确定包括以下步骤：第一步，先通过空间对称位置各回路电流幅值相等的条件，确定多模块无线充电系统中符合上述条件的电压相位，再根据效率最优和各无线充电模块输入侧有功功率均衡的条件，通过整数规划唯一确定各无线充电模块之间的输入电压相位差；第二步，在确定的输入电压相位后，根据多模块无线充电系统中逆变器回路和整流桥回路电流幅值相等，得到两个无线充电模块输入电压幅值比矩阵，对两个输入电压幅值比矩阵进行加权处理，确定最终的多模块无线充电系统的输入电压幅值比矩阵。
前述的适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法，所述多模块无线充电系统的最优电压相位为0°或180°。
前述的适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法，所述输入电压幅值比矩阵对各个无线充电模块的输入电压幅值进行调整的公式如下：
式中：Uinn为第n个无线充电模块的输入电压幅值，n＝1,2,3...；rn为第n个无线充电模块的输入电压幅值与第一个无线充电模块输入电压幅值的比值，n＝1,2,3...；wn1和wn2分别为权重系数，n＝1,2,3...；Yinn和Youtn为无量纲系数表达式，n＝1,2,3...，可以通过互感参数以及等效交流负载电阻计算得到。
与现有技术相比，本发明的无线充电模块均采用LCC补偿拓扑，通过将多模块无线充电系统的总输出电流作为反馈量，对多模块无线充电系统的参考电压值(即参考移相角)进行控制，再根据输入电压幅值比矩阵对各个无线充电模块的输入电压幅值进行调整，结合输入电压相位差，实现了对任意多模块无线充电系统正对和偏移情况下的输出控制以及各回路电流的基本均衡的目的。采用本发明的方法可以通过控制手段实现LCC拓扑的多模块无线充电系统总输出电流的控制以及各回路电流的基本均衡，并且适用于各类多模块无线充电系统情况，并且补偿方式、负载性质、模块数量，摆放等均不影响此方案的通用性，具有良好的适应性。
附图说明
图1为多模块无线充电系统概念图；
图2为LCC拓扑的两模块无线充电系统等效电路；
图3为LCC拓扑的两模块无线充电系统基波等效电路；
图4为LCC拓扑的多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制框图；
图5为LCC拓扑的七模块无线充电系统仿真线圈结构图；
图6为LCC拓扑的七模块无线充电系统正对情况下逆变器回路电流波形图；
图7为LCC拓扑的七模块无线充电系统正对情况下整流桥回路电流波形图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但并不作为对本发明限制的依据。
实施例：一种适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法，所述多模块无线充电系统含有若干无线充电模块，每个无线充电模块包含一个发射线圈、一个接收线圈以及一套独立的发射端电路和接收端电路；发射端电路由直流输入、逆变器、LCC结构的补偿网络组成；接收端电路由整流桥、LCC结构的补偿网络(还可包含DC-DC变换器)组成，并且LCC补偿网络中的参数与单通道双边LCC结构的无线充电系统完全补偿时的参数一致。所有无线充电模块的输出侧并联，对同一个负载进行输出；所述无线充电模块均采用LCC补偿拓扑。
本实施例，多模块无线充电系统的如图1所示。以两模块系统为例分析LCC拓扑多模块无线充电系统输入输出关系，其等效电路如图2所示，基波等效电路如图3所示，LCC补偿电路的参数设置如下：
其中：下标*(*＝1,2,…,n)表示第*个模块；ω0表示谐振频率，LfT*和LfR*分别表示原边和副边的串联补偿电感，LT*和LR*分别表示发射线圈和接收线圈的自感，CfT*和CfR*分别表示原边和副边的并联补偿电容；CT*和CR*分别表示原边和副边的串联补偿电容，和分别表示原边和副边的串联补偿电感的电流，和分别表示发射线圈和接收线圈的电流；
根据式(1)和图3，求得各回路电流值为：
将上述电流表达式拓展到n模块无线充电系统，其中第i个模块的电流表达式为：
通过式(3)可以看出，多模块无线充电系统中各无线充电模块的发射线圈电流只受到输入电压幅值的影响，各无线充电模块的接收线圈电流幅值只受到输出电压幅值的影响且完全相等。通过设定输入电压幅值的上限，可以确定发射线圈的最大电流；考虑闭环调整过程中输出电压幅值的最大超调，可以确定接收线圈的最大电流。并且上述最大电流不受到线圈位置，当前系统功率等影响。因此线圈最大电流可以在设计阶段计算得到，并且任何极端情况下都不会超过这个最大电流，所以多模块无线充电系统控制的主要目的是保证逆变器和整流桥回路电流的基本均衡。
本实施例采用的方法是将多模块无线充电系统的总输出电流作为反馈量，对多模块无线充电系统的参考电压值(即移相角)进行控制，根据输入电压幅值比矩阵对各个无线充电模块的输入电压幅值(即移相角)进行调整，实现对多模块无线充电系统的输出控制与电流均衡。
其中，采用移相控制法将多模块无线充电系统的总输出电流作为反馈量与总输出电流参考值进行比较，通过PID补偿网络确定输入电 压参考值，依据输入电压参考值进行调整参考电压值。
所述输入电压副值比矩阵的确定是先确定多模块无线充电系统的电压相位，再根据效率最优和各无线充电模块输入侧有功功率均衡的条件，通过整数规划求出各无线充电模块之间的输入电压相位差；在确定的输入电压相位后，根据多模块无线充电系统中逆变器回路和整流桥回路电流分布对称，得到两个无线充电模块输入电压幅值比矩阵，对两个输入电压幅值比矩阵进行加权处理，确定最终的多模块无线充电系统的输入电压幅值比矩阵。
以下仍以两个无线充电模块的无线充电系统为例，对于一个关于z轴旋转对称的多模块无线充电系统，在空间对称的偏移位置处的交叉耦合存在对称关系，正对耦合以及同边交叉耦合的关系可列写如下：
其中上标’表示其中一个对称偏移位置的参数。
对于上述的多模块无线充电系统，在空间对称位置下应尽量保证电压应力最小。假设空间对称位置处的电流分布情况不对称，则总可以通过调整输入电压的幅值和相位分布，将幅值最大的回路电流幅值降低，找到一个更优的解。这说明空间对称位置处电流分布对称是电流应力最小的必要不充分条件。因此将空间对称位置处的电流分部对称作为条件求解输入电压相位。
由于发射线圈电流仅受到输入电压影响，所以通过发射线圈电流对称关系可以得到输入电压的对称关系。输入电压和非同边交叉耦合的关系如下：
其中Uin*表示输入电压的幅值。
将输出电压表示成输出电流和等效交流负载电阻相乘的形式并带入到式(2)中，得到和
其中RL*表示等效交流负载电阻。
根据电流对称的条件得:
将式(7)带入到式(6)中，可得
对于任意的输入电压幅值，式(7)均应成立，可以求出：
θ12＝θ2-θ1＝0°or 180°,式(9)
其中θ1和θ2分别表示第一个和第二个模块的输入电压相位,θ12表示第一个模块和第二个模块的输入电压相位差，也即所述多模块无线充电系统的最优输入电压相位差为0°或180°。
将式(9)的相位代回到公式(2)，推导出和的幅值相等的。根据有功功率尽量从原边传递到副边以及各个模块原边有功功率尽量均衡两个条件，可以列写出如下的整数规划方程：
其中
此处为了更加清晰，上述方程使用了四模块无线充电系统作为例子。上述公式可以简单的解释为，在保证原边有功功率均衡的条件下，尽量使相邻模块的输入电压反向。
将输出电压表示成输出电流和等效交流负载电阻相乘的形式并带入到式(3)中，可以化简得到如下矩阵方程组：
式中：Yinn_n和Youtn_n分别为导纳系数，n＝1,2,3...，导纳系数Yinn_n和导纳系数Youtn_n通过互感参数以及等效交流负载电阻计算得到；其中互感参数可以通过离线测量得到，等效交流负载电阻可以根据输出电阻和输出侧电流计算得到。
将式(9)求得的相位带入公式(12)，并根据电流对称条件，可以得到：
式中，Yinn是无量纲系数Yinn_n的表达式，Youtn是无量纲系数Youtn_n的表达式；
通过逆变器回路电流和整流桥回路电流的不对称程度，确定权重系数w1n和w2n，n＝1,2,3...；并进行加权处理可得：
式中：Uinn为第n个无线充电模块的输入电压幅值，n＝1,2,3...；rn为第n个无线充电模块模块的输入电压幅值与第一个无线充电模块模块输入电压幅值的比值，n＝1,2,3...；wn1和wn2分别为权重系数，n＝1,2,3...；Yinn和Youtn为无量纲系数表达式，n＝1,2,3...，可以通过互感参数以及等效交流负载电阻计算得到。
根据基波输入电压和移相角的关系：
可以实现输入电压幅值和输入移相角的相互转化，此处为了保证表述上的一致，将控制量选为输入电压幅值。
此时输入电压的相位以及幅值比均已全部确定，可以得到多模块无线充电系统的控制框图，如图4所示(图4中phase shift modulation为移相调制的控制方法；gate driver signal of module为无线充电模块的驱动信号)。以此根据输入电压幅值比矩阵对各个无线充电模块的输入电压幅值(即移相角)进行调整，实现对多模块无线充电系统正对和偏移情况下的电流输出控制以及各回路电流的均衡。
本实施例以额定功率为200KW的七模块无线充电系统为例，分别在正对和偏移7.5cm两种情况下进行验证。线圈结构使用六边形线圈，空间结构如图5所示。仿真可以得到电感及相位参数如下表1 所示：
表1
电路仿真中的电气参数如表格2中所示：
表2
电路结构、补偿方式以及发射端逆变器控制方式均按照本发明实施例中所设置。采用本发明的方法得到的电路仿真波形图如图6好恶图7所示。将该控制方法与采用表1中电压相位的联合控制以及输入电压均为同向的联合控制方法进行对比，正对和偏移情况下的对比结果分别如下表3和表4所示：

表3仿真结果对比(正对)
表4仿真结果对比(偏移)
从表3和表4的电路仿真对比结果可以看出，本发明在多模块无线充电系统正对和偏移情况下的输出控制的相对于仅使用联合控制时的电流均衡程度更好，不均衡程度更小，更适用于多模块无线充电系统。
综上所述，本发明的无线充电模块均采用LCC补偿拓扑，通过将多模块无线充电系统的总输出电流作为反馈量，对多模块无线充电系统的参考输入电压进行控制，再根据输入电压幅值比矩阵对各个无线充电模块的输入输入电压进行调整，实现了对任意多模块无线充电系统正对和偏移情况下的输出控制以及各回路电流的基本均衡的目的。采用本发明的方法可以通过控制手段实现LCC拓扑的多模块无线充电系统总输出电流的控制以及各回路电流的基本均衡，并且适用于各类多模块无线充电系统情况，并且补偿方式、负载性质、模块数量，摆放等均不影响此方案的通用性，具有良好的适应性。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法，所述多模块无线充电系统含有若干无线充电模块，每个无线充电模块包含发射线圈、接收线圈、发射端电路和接收端电路；所有无线充电模块的输出侧并联，对同一个负载进行输出；其特征在于：所述无线充电模块均采用LCC补偿拓扑，将多模块无线充电系统的总输出电流作为反馈量，对多模块无线充电系统的参考电压值进行控制，根据输入电压幅值比矩阵对各个无线充电模块的输入电压幅值进行调整，结合输入电压相位差，实现对多模块无线充电系统的输出控制与电流均衡。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法，其特征在于：采用移相控制法将多模块无线充电系统的总输出电流作为反馈量与总输出电流参考值进行比较，通过PID补偿网络确定输入电压参考值，依据输入电压参考值进行调整参考电压值。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法，其特征在于：所述输入电压幅值比矩阵的确定包括以下步骤：第一步，先通过空间对称位置各回路电流幅值相等的条件，确定多模块无线充电系统中符合上述条件的电压相位，再根据效率最优和各无线充电模块输入侧有功功率均衡的条件，通过整数规划确定各无线充电模块之间的输入电压相位差；第二步，在确定的输入电压相位后，根据多模块无线充电系统中逆变器回路和整流桥回路电流幅值相等，得到两个无线充电模块输入电压幅值比矩阵，对两个输入电 压幅值比矩阵进行加权处理，确定最终的多模块无线充电系统的输入电压幅值比矩阵。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法，其特征在于：所述多模块无线充电系统的最优电压相位为0°或180°。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法，其特征在于：所述输入电压幅值比矩阵对各个无线充电模块的输入电压幅值进行调整的公式如下：
    式中：Uinn为第n个无线充电模块的输入电压幅值，n＝1,2,3...；rn为第n个无线充电模块的输入电压幅值与第一个无线充电模块输入电压幅值的比值，n＝1,2,3...；wn1和wn2分别为权重系数，n＝1,2,3...；Yinn和Youtn为无量纲系数表达式，n＝1,2,3...，通过互感参数以及等效交流负载电阻计算得到。
PCT/CN2023/092629 2022-05-07 2023-05-07 一种适用于多模块无线充电系统的电压优化联合控制方法 Ceased WO2023217054A1 (zh)

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