WO2023213458A1 - Pompe à vide turbomoléculaire et procédé d'assemblage - Google Patents
Pompe à vide turbomoléculaire et procédé d'assemblage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023213458A1 WO2023213458A1 PCT/EP2023/054002 EP2023054002W WO2023213458A1 WO 2023213458 A1 WO2023213458 A1 WO 2023213458A1 EP 2023054002 W EP2023054002 W EP 2023054002W WO 2023213458 A1 WO2023213458 A1 WO 2023213458A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- stator
- sectors
- annular
- vacuum pump
- spacer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
- F04D19/02—Multi-stage pumps
- F04D19/04—Multi-stage pumps specially adapted to the production of a high vacuum, e.g. molecular pumps
- F04D19/042—Turbomolecular vacuum pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
- F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/541—Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/542—Bladed diffusers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/60—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling
- F04D29/64—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of axial pumps
- F04D29/644—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of axial pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/60—Assembly methods
- F05D2230/64—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centring, e.g. pins
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a turbomolecular vacuum pump.
- the present invention also relates to a method of assembling a turbomolecular vacuum pump.
- turbomolecular vacuum pumps composed of a stator in which a rotor is driven into rapid rotation, for example rotation at more than thirty thousand revolutions per minute.
- Turbomolecular pumps generally comprise a multistage peripheral stator with fins engaged between the fins of a multistage central rotor.
- a multistage rotor of a turbomolecular pump comprises an axial series of rotor stages each consisting of a central ring from which rotor blades extend regularly around the periphery of the central ring, in a substantially radial direction.
- the assembly is rotatably mounted along an axis of rotation, and is driven by motor means.
- the multistage stator is composed of an axial series of annular stators each forming a stator stage, each stator stage being formed of an annular rim from which inclined fins extend in a substantially radial direction.
- the inclined fins of a stator stage engage between the inclined fins of two successive rotor stages.
- a first known stator structure is produced by the progressive assembly of a plurality of finned stator sectors around the one-piece rotor.
- the finned stator sectors are arranged two by two by radial assembly between two successive finned rotor stages, an annular spacer being engaged axially between two stages of successive finned stator sectors, the spacer being sandwiched on the periphery of the upstream and downstream stator sectors.
- a second known stator structure is formed from the radial assembly of two half-stators, each half-stator consisting of a half-shell in the shape of a half-cylinder from which fins extend radially towards the inside stator, arranged in a series of stator stages interlocking with the fins of the rotor stages.
- the two one-piece half-stators allow the constituent parts of such a turbomolecular pump structure to be produced with less strict tolerances because there is no stack of several parts placed one after the other. .
- the production of half-stators by machining is relatively complex and expensive, so that the benefit of this pump structure is limited.
- One of the aims of the present invention is to propose a turbomolecular vacuum pump which at least partially resolves a drawback of the state of the art, in particular by having a reduced production cost.
- the subject of the invention is a turbomolecular vacuum pump comprising a stator and a rotor configured to rotate in the stator, the stator comprising:
- each annular stator stage is respectively formed of two half-sectors of radially opposed stators each comprising a sector with fins and a spacer sector located on the periphery of a respective finned sector, the spacer sectors bearing on the spacer sectors of another annular stator stage or on a first annular edge of the housing located on the side of the orifice discharge, and in that the vacuum pump further comprises an annular metallic elastic device interposed between on the one hand, a second annular edge of the housing located on the side of the suction orifice and on the other hand, the spacer sectors stacks of stator half-sectors, stacks of half-sectors of stator being held in the housing by compression of the annular elastic device by axial tightening of the casing to the high pressure socket of the stator.
- the two stacks of the present invention do not have exactly the same height due to manufacturing dispersion due to machining tolerances (up to 'at 1mm distance between the two stacks) so that during assembly, it is not possible to come into flat support with the casing on the stacks to hold them in the stator.
- This gap is however made up for by the annular elastic device which allows the casing to come to rest on the two stacks, even though they are offset in height.
- This structure makes it possible to reduce the production cost of the turbomolecular pump because the precision requirements for producing the constituent parts can be reduced.
- the number of parts to be assembled when assembling a turbomolecular pump is reduced compared to the first structure of the prior art using sectors with distinct annular fins and spacers, to be inserted between two annular stator stages.
- stator half-sectors are individual elements which can be easily manufactured compared to the second structure of the prior art with monobloc half-stators. It is in fact possible to produce half-sectors of stators by stamping or by foundry, which makes it possible to significantly reduce the production cost compared to manufacturing processes for stators cut from the mass.
- turbomolecular vacuum pump can for this purpose include a heating device, for example configured to heat the stator to a temperature between 120°C and 200°C, such as 150°C.
- the heat stored in the finned sectors can be better evacuated by thermal conduction in the high pressure socket and it is thus possible to pass more gas flow to be pumped into the vacuum pump.
- the use of an annular metallic elastic device makes it possible to avoid using elastomeric materials which have the disadvantage of degassing and therefore increasing the limit vacuum pressure.
- the vacuum pump may also include one or more of the characteristics which are described below, taken alone or in combination.
- Each spacer sector is for example formed of a half-crown from which fins distributed regularly around the inner periphery of the half-crown to form the finned sector, the finned sectors comprising a respective internal half-crown joining the opposite ends of the fins, the spacer sector, the finned sector and an internal half-crown of a respective stator half-sector being made in one piece.
- stator half-sectors are preferably angularly aligned axially in each stack.
- the annular elastic device is for example made of stainless steel.
- the annular elastic device is for example formed by a corrugated metal wire.
- the radial surfaces of the spacer sectors bearing on the spacer sectors of another annular stator stage or on the first annular edge of the housing can be planar.
- the radial surfaces of the spacer sectors of the first two stator half-sectors on the side of the annular elastic device can be planar.
- the diameter of the annular elastic device can be dimensioned to be centered on the diameter of the casing housing.
- the spacer sectors of the first two stator half-sectors may have an annular shoulder on the interior side, the diameter of the annular elastic device being dimensioned to be centered on the annular shoulder.
- the first annular border is for example formed by a spacer.
- the rotor may include a skirt downstream of the finned rotor stages, configured to rotate facing helical grooves of the stator.
- the present invention also relates to a process for assembling a turbomolecular vacuum pump as described above, in which:
- annular elastic device is inserted into the housing against a second annular border located on the side of the suction port of the vacuum pump,
- Figure 1 shows an axial sectional view of a turbomolecular vacuum pump according to a first exemplary embodiment.
- Figure 2 shows elements of the vacuum pump of Figure 1 in the disassembled state.
- Figure 3 shows an enlarged view of half a stator sector of the vacuum pump.
- Figure 4 is a partial schematic sectional view of a detail of an alternative embodiment of the vacuum pump.
- Figure 5 shows an axial sectional view of a turbomolecular vacuum pump according to another exemplary embodiment.
- upstream is meant an element which is placed before another with respect to the direction of circulation of the pumped gases.
- downstream means an element placed after another in relation to the direction of circulation of the pumped gases.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a first embodiment of a turbomolecular vacuum pump 1.
- the turbomolecular vacuum pump 1 comprises a stator 2 in which a rotor 3 is configured to rotate at high speed in axial rotation, for example rotation at more than thirty thousand revolutions per minute.
- discharge port 5 is connected to primary pumping.
- the stator 2 comprises a casing 2a in which a housing 8 is provided and comprises at least two annular stator stages 9 received in the housing 8.
- the stator 2 also comprises a high pressure socket 2b in which the orifice of discharge 5 of vacuum pump 1.
- the housing 8, at least formed in the casing 2a, is open at one end on the suction port 4 of the vacuum pump 1. It has a cylindrical peripheral envelope.
- the casing 2a may include an annular inlet flange 6 surrounding the suction port 4 to connect the vacuum pump 1 to an enclosure whose pressure it is desired to lower, for example by means of screws 7 (figure 2).
- the annular stator stages 9 received in the housing 8 of the casing 2a are respectively arranged between two successive finned rotor stages 10 of the rotor 3.
- the annular stator stages 9 and the finned rotor stages 10 succeed one another axially along the axis of rotation l-l of the rotor 3 in the turbomolecular stage 4.
- the rotor 3 comprises for example more than four stages of finned rotors 10, such as for example between four and twelve stages of finned rotors 10 (twelve in the example shown in Figure 1).
- Each finned rotor stage 10 of the rotor 3 comprises inclined blades which extend in a substantially radial direction from a hub 11 of the rotor 3.
- the rotor 3 is fixed to a drive shaft 12 of the vacuum pump 1, for example by means of screws 13.
- the blades are distributed regularly around the periphery of the hub 11.
- the rotor 3 further comprises an internal bowl 15, coaxial with the axis of rotation l-l, arranged opposite a bell 17 of the stator 2, projecting under the rotor 3. In operation, the rotor 3 rotates in the stator 2 without contact between the internal bowl 15 and the bell 17.
- the rotor 3 is for example made in one piece (monoblock). It is rotated in the stator 2 by an internal motor 16 of the vacuum pump 1.
- the motor 16 is for example arranged in the bell 17 of the stator 2, itself arranged under the internal bowl 15 of the rotor 3, the drive shaft 12 passing through the bell 17 of the stator 2.
- the rotor 3 is guided laterally and axially by magnetic or mechanical bearings 18 supporting the drive shaft 12 of the rotor 3, located in the stator 2.
- each annular stator stage 9 is respectively formed of two half-sectors of stator 9a, 9b, radially opposed (on the same axial row).
- first annular stator stage 9 (or low pressure annular stator stage) we designate the annular stator stage 9 located on the side of the suction orifice 4 (that is to say the first annular stator stage 9 crossed by the pumped gases) and the last annular stage 9 (or high pressure annular stator stage), the annular stage 9 located on the side of the discharge orifice 5 (that is to say the last annular stator stage crossed by the pumped gases).
- Each stator half-sector 9a, 9b comprises a finned sector 20 and a spacer sector 21 (or external half-rim) located on the periphery of a respective finned sector 20 (figure 3).
- each spacer sector 21 is formed of a half-crown from which, in a substantially radial direction, fins distributed regularly around the inner periphery of the half-crown to form the finned sector 20.
- the sectors with fins 20 can also include a respective half-internal crown (or half-internal rim) joining the opposite ends of the fins.
- the spacer sector 21, the finned sector 20 and the internal half-crown of a respective stator half-sector 9a, 9b are made in one piece.
- the finned sectors 20 of the annular stator stages 9 engage between the blades of two successive finned rotor stages 10.
- the blades of the rotor 3 and the fins 20 of the stator 2 are inclined to guide the pumped gas molecules towards the discharge port 5.
- the spacer sectors 21 bear on the spacer sectors 21 of another annular stator stage 9 or on a first annular edge 22 of the housing 8 located on the side of the discharge orifice 5 ( Figures 1 and 2).
- This first annular edge 22 is for example formed by a spacer ( Figure 2).
- the spacer makes it possible to adjust the axial clearance between the stator 2 and the rotor 3 in order to avoid contact between the fins of the rotor 3 and the fins of the stator 2 during operation of the vacuum pump 1.
- the spacer is for example made of a material that is a good thermal conductor, such as aluminum.
- the half-sectors of stators 9a, 9b are stacked on top of each other, forming two very distinct stacks ( Figure 2).
- the stator half-sectors 9a, 9b are angularly aligned axially in each stack, that is to say they are not angularly offset from one stage to another, so as not to risk door mounting -overhang of one stator semi-sector over another due to tolerance differences.
- the vacuum pump 1 further comprises a metallic annular elastic device 23 (or elastic load washer or elastic preload washer) interposed between, on the one hand, a second annular edge 24 of the housing 8 of the casing 2a located on the side of the suction orifice 4 and on the other hand, the spacer sectors 21 of the stacks of stator half-sectors 9a, 9b.
- the second annular edge 24 of the housing 8 of the casing 2a is for example formed by a shoulder (reduction in diameter) between the housing 8 and the suction orifice 4.
- the stacks of stator half-sectors 9a, 9b are held in housing 8 by compression of the annular elastic device 23, due to the axial tightening of the casing 2a to the high pressure socket 2b of the stator 2.
- the axial tightening of the casing 2a to the high pressure socket 2b is for example carried out by means of a plurality of screws 25 regularly distributed around the periphery of the radial interface located between the casing 2a and the high pressure socket 2b ( figure 1).
- the screws 25 are inserted axially into the radial interface, for example by passing through an annular flange of the high pressure socket 2b.
- annular elastic device 23 is inserted into the housing 8 against a second annular border 24 located on the side of the suction port 4 of the vacuum pump 1.
- the two stacks of half-sectors of stators 9a, 9b are inserted angularly aligned into the housing 8 so that the annular elastic device 23 is interposed between the second annular edge 24 and the spacer sectors 21 of the stacks.
- the casing 2a is tightened axially to the high pressure socket 2b of the stator 2 to maintain the stacks of stator half-sectors 9a, 9b in the housing 8 by compressing the annular elastic device 23.
- Mounting the stacks of stator half-sectors 9a, 9b in the casing 2a makes it possible to center the stacks. Tightening the casing 2a with the high pressure socket 2b makes it possible to axially block the stacks in the housing 8 via the annular elastic device 23.
- the two stacks of half-sectors of stators 9a, 9b of the annular stator stages 9 are independent of each other. Unlike the first structure of the prior art using annular spacers, the two stacks of the present invention do not have exactly the same height due to manufacturing dispersion due to machining tolerances (up to 1mm distance between the two stacks) so that during assembly, it is not possible to come into plane support with the casing 2a on the stacks for their retention in the stator 2. This gap is however made up for by the elastic device annular 23 which allows the casing 2a to come to bear on the two stacks, even though they are offset in height.
- This structure makes it possible to reduce the production cost of the turbomolecular pump 1 because the precision requirements for producing the constituent parts can be reduced.
- the number of parts to be assembled when assembling a turbomolecular pump 1 is reduced compared to the first structure of the prior art using sectors with distinct annular fins and spacers, to be inserted between two annular stator stages.
- the half-sectors of stators 9a, 9b are individual elements which can be easily manufactured compared to the second structure of the prior art with one-piece half-stators. It is in fact possible to produce half-sectors of stators 9a, 9b by stamping or by foundry, which makes it possible to significantly reduce the production cost compared to the processes for manufacturing stators cut from the mass.
- the turbomolecular vacuum pump 1 may therefore include a heating device, for example configured to heat the stator 2 to a temperature between 120°C and 200°C, such as 150°C.
- the heat stored at the level of the finned sectors 20 can be better evacuated by thermal conduction in the high pressure socket 2b and it is thus possible to spend more gas flow to be pumped into the vacuum pump 1.
- the annular elastic device 23 is for example made of stainless steel, for example martensitic.
- the use of a metallic annular elastic device makes it possible to avoid using elastomeric materials which have the disadvantage of degassing and therefore increasing the limit vacuum pressure.
- the metallic annular elastic device 23 makes it possible to ensure thermal continuity between the half-sectors of stators 9a, 9b in contact with each other at the level of the spacer sectors 21 and in contact with the second annular edge 24 of the casing 2a via the metallic annular elastic device 23.
- the annular elastic device 23 is for example formed by a corrugated metal wire.
- the corrugated metal wire has for example at least two undulations, at least one per stack of stator half-sectors 9a, 9b, here eight undulations (figure 2).
- the thickness of the metal wire corresponds for example to the thickness of the spacer sectors 21.
- the section of the annular elastic device 23 is for example round, oblong, square or rectangular. As an illustration, the annular elastic device 23 can exert a load force range of between 1000N and 30000N.
- the radial surfaces of the spacer sectors 21, bearing on the spacer sectors 21 of another annular stator stage 9 or on the first annular edge 22 of the housing 8 are preferably flat.
- the radial surfaces of the spacer sectors 21 of the first two stator half-sectors 9a, 9b on the side of the annular elastic device 23 and the second annular edge 24 of the housing 8 can also be planar.
- the diameter of the annular elastic device 23 is for example dimensioned to be centered on the diameter of the housing 8 of the casing 2a, which makes it possible to limit costs.
- the ring has a diameter slightly greater than that of the housing 8 to be retained radially by the peripheral wall of the housing 8 (figure 1).
- Figure 4 illustrates a variant embodiment for which the spacer sectors 21 of the first two stator half-sectors 9a, 9b have an annular shoulder 26 on the interior side.
- the diameter of the annular elastic device 23 is dimensioned to be centered on the annular shoulder 26.
- the ring has a diameter slightly smaller than that of the annular shoulder 26 to be retained radially by the annular shoulder 26 of the two first stator half-sectors 9a, 9b.
- Figure 5 illustrates another embodiment of the turbomolecular vacuum pump 1.
- the turbomolecular pump 1 is said to be hybrid: it comprises a turbomolecular stage 30 as in the first example, as well as a molecular stage 31 located downstream of the turbomolecular stage 30 in the direction of gas circulation. pumped (represented by the arrows in Figure 5). The pumped gases enter through the suction port 4, first pass through the turbomolecular stage 30, then the molecular stage 31, to then be evacuated towards the discharge port 5.
- the rotor 3 comprises a skirt 32, called the Holweck skirt, downstream of the finned rotor stages 10, formed by a smooth cylinder, which rotates facing helical grooves 33 of the stator 2, by example provided in the high pressure socket 2b.
- the helical grooves 33 of the stator 2 make it possible to compress and guide the pumped gases towards the discharge orifice 7.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Non-Positive Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE112023002100.7T DE112023002100T5 (de) | 2022-05-05 | 2023-02-17 | Turbomolekular-Vakuumpumpe und Verfahren zum Zusammenbau |
| JP2024564801A JP2025514477A (ja) | 2022-05-05 | 2023-02-17 | ターボ分子真空ポンプ及びその組み立て方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FRFR2204277 | 2022-05-05 | ||
| FR2204277A FR3135306B1 (fr) | 2022-05-05 | 2022-05-05 | Pompe à vide turbomoléculaire et procédé d’assemblage |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023213458A1 true WO2023213458A1 (fr) | 2023-11-09 |
Family
ID=82100762
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2023/054002 Ceased WO2023213458A1 (fr) | 2022-05-05 | 2023-02-17 | Pompe à vide turbomoléculaire et procédé d'assemblage |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2025514477A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE112023002100T5 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3135306B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023213458A1 (fr) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0465992U (fr) * | 1990-10-15 | 1992-06-09 | ||
| DE19937393A1 (de) * | 1999-08-07 | 2001-02-08 | Leybold Vakuum Gmbh | Statorring für eine Turbomolekularvakuumpumpe |
| US20010019694A1 (en) * | 2000-03-02 | 2001-09-06 | Armin Blecker | Turbomolecular pump |
| DE102008058149A1 (de) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-27 | Oerlikon Leybold Vacuum Gmbh | Turbomolekularpumpe |
| EP2607706B1 (fr) * | 2011-12-23 | 2018-10-17 | Leybold GmbH | Pompe à vide |
-
2022
- 2022-05-05 FR FR2204277A patent/FR3135306B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-02-17 JP JP2024564801A patent/JP2025514477A/ja active Pending
- 2023-02-17 WO PCT/EP2023/054002 patent/WO2023213458A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-02-17 DE DE112023002100.7T patent/DE112023002100T5/de active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0465992U (fr) * | 1990-10-15 | 1992-06-09 | ||
| DE19937393A1 (de) * | 1999-08-07 | 2001-02-08 | Leybold Vakuum Gmbh | Statorring für eine Turbomolekularvakuumpumpe |
| US20010019694A1 (en) * | 2000-03-02 | 2001-09-06 | Armin Blecker | Turbomolecular pump |
| DE102008058149A1 (de) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-27 | Oerlikon Leybold Vacuum Gmbh | Turbomolekularpumpe |
| EP2607706B1 (fr) * | 2011-12-23 | 2018-10-17 | Leybold GmbH | Pompe à vide |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE112023002100T5 (de) | 2025-04-30 |
| FR3135306A1 (fr) | 2023-11-10 |
| FR3135306B1 (fr) | 2024-05-10 |
| JP2025514477A (ja) | 2025-05-02 |
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