WO2023209149A1 - Schaltvorrichtung - Google Patents
Schaltvorrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023209149A1 WO2023209149A1 PCT/EP2023/061239 EP2023061239W WO2023209149A1 WO 2023209149 A1 WO2023209149 A1 WO 2023209149A1 EP 2023061239 W EP2023061239 W EP 2023061239W WO 2023209149 A1 WO2023209149 A1 WO 2023209149A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- switching device
- fastening part
- switching
- contact
- support element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/14—Terminal arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
- H01H50/023—Details concerning sealing, e.g. sealing casing with resin
- H01H2050/025—Details concerning sealing, e.g. sealing casing with resin containing inert or dielectric gasses, e.g. SF6, for arc prevention or arc extinction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H49/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of relays or parts thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
- H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts
Definitions
- a switching device is specified.
- the switching device is designed in particular as an electromagnetically acting, remotely operated switch that can be operated by electrically conductive current.
- the switching device can be activated via a control circuit and can switch a load circuit.
- the switching device can be designed as a relay or as a contactor, in particular as a power contactor.
- the switching device can be designed as a gas-filled power contactor.
- a possible application of such switching devices, in particular power contactors, is the opening and disconnecting of battery circuits, for example in motor vehicles such as electrically or partially electrically operated motor vehicles.
- motor vehicles such as electrically or partially electrically operated motor vehicles.
- These can, for example, be purely battery-operated vehicles (BEV: “Battery Electric Vehicle”), hybrid electric vehicles that can be charged via a socket or charging station (PHEV: “Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle”) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV: "Hybrid Electric Vehicle”).
- BEV Battery Electric Vehicle
- PHEV plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle
- HEV Hybrid Electric Vehicle
- both the positive and negative contacts of the battery are separated with the help of a power contactor. This separation takes place in regular operation, for example when the vehicle is at rest, as well as in the event of a fault such as an accident or similar.
- a contactor usually carries high currents during operation. These are usually transmitted via supply lines such as copper rails, so-called bus bars, or other supply lines that are mounted on the externally contactable contacts of the contactor, which can also be referred to as pole contact points or terminals.
- the copper bars or other supply lines can have cross sections of over 200 mm 2 .
- the supply lines In order to ensure sufficient, i.e. low-resistance, electrical contact, the supply lines must be mounted with sufficiently high tightening torques, which places high mechanical demands on the pole contact points of the contactor. In addition, shear forces and leverage forces can occur at the contact points during assembly and later operation.
- the contact points should therefore be made from a particularly hard but electrically conductive material.
- At least one task of certain embodiments is to provide a switching device.
- a switching device has at least one fixed contact.
- the at least one fixed contact can in particular be provided and set up to connect an electrical supply line of a load circuit that is to be switched on, i.e. closed, and switched off, i.e. separated, by the switching device.
- the switching device can have at least one movable contact.
- the moving contact can in particular have or be a contact bridge.
- the contact bridge can be a movable contact of the switching device or part of a movable contact of the switching device. Properties and features of the movable contact described below can therefore be corresponding properties and features of the contact bridge and vice versa.
- the at least one fixed contact and the at least one movable contact are provided and set up to switch on and off a load circuit that can be connected to the switching device.
- the movable contact i.e. in particular the contact bridge
- the movable contact can be moved in the switching device between a non-connecting state and a curing state of the switching device in such a way that the movable contact, i.e. in particular the contact bridge, is separated from at least one fixed one in the non-connecting state of the switching device Contact is spaced apart and therefore galvanically isolated and in the switching state has a mechanical contact to the at least one fixed contact and is therefore galvanically connected to the at least one fixed contact.
- the through-switching state is also referred to as the switched-on state of the switching device, while the non-switching state is referred to as the switched-off state of the switching device.
- the switching device has at least two fixed contacts, which are arranged separately from one another in the switching device and which are connected in the manner described above depending on the state of the movable contact, i.e. in particular the contact bridge, through the movable one Contact, in particular the contact bridge, can be connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner or can be electrically separated from one another.
- the contact bridge preferably has an upper side with at least one contact area and an underside opposite the upper side. When the switching device is switched through, the at least one contact region of the contact bridge is in mechanical contact with the at least one fixed contact, in particular a contact region of the at least one fixed contact. If the switching device has, for example, two fixed contacts, the contact bridge can correspondingly have two contact areas. Additional features described below for a fixed contact can apply to several fixed contacts and particularly preferably to each fixed contact of the switching device.
- the general term “contacts” can refer in particular to all fixed contacts as well as to the contact bridge.
- the contacts can have or be made of a metal, preferably copper or a copper alloy.
- a composite material is also used, for example Form of a metallic matrix material, preferably with or made of copper, and particles distributed therein, preferably with or made of a ceramic material such as aluminum oxide, possible.
- the switching device has a housing in which the movable contact and the at least one fixed contact or the at least two fixed contacts are arranged.
- the movable contact can in particular be completely in the housing be arranged.
- the fact that a fixed contact is arranged in the housing can mean in particular that at least the contact area of the fixed contact, which is in mechanical contact with the movable contact in the switching state, is arranged within the housing.
- a fixed contact arranged in the housing can be electrically contacted from the outside, that is to say from outside the housing.
- a part of a fixed contact arranged in the housing can protrude from the housing and have a connection option for an electrical supply line outside the housing.
- the contacts are arranged in a gas atmosphere in the housing.
- the movable contact is arranged completely in the gas atmosphere in the housing and that furthermore at least parts of the fixed contact or contacts, such as the contact areas of the fixed contact or contacts, are arranged in the gas atmosphere in the housing.
- the switching device can particularly preferably be a gas-filled switching device, such as a gas-filled contactor.
- the switching device has a switching chamber.
- the switching chamber can in particular be arranged within the housing.
- the switching chamber has an interior space.
- the contacts which means the entire movable contact as well as part of the at least one fixed contact, are arranged in the interior of the switching chamber.
- the at least one fixed contact thus projects into the switching chamber into it.
- the at least one fixed contact projects in particular through an opening into the interior of the switching chamber.
- the at least one fixed contact is located partly inside the switching chamber and partly outside the switching chamber.
- the switching chamber can have a switching chamber base.
- the switching chamber can also have a switching chamber cover, which can enclose the interior together with the switching chamber floor.
- the switching chamber is made of a ceramic material, for example with or made of aluminum oxide.
- the at least one fixed contact can protrude through an opening in the switching chamber cover.
- the switching chamber cover is preferably made of ceramic material.
- a gas i.e. at least part of the previously described gas atmosphere, can be located in the switching chamber.
- the gas can preferably have a proportion of at least 20% H2 and preferably at least 50% H2.
- the gas can have an inert gas, particularly preferably N2 and/or one or more noble gases.
- the movable contact in the switching device can be moved by means of an axis.
- the movable contact can be movable, for example, by means of a drive that has the axis, wherein the drive can be designed in the form of a magnetic drive with a magnet armature or in the form of a motor drive.
- the axis can be connected at one end to the movable contact in such a way that the movable contact can be moved by means of the axis, So when the axis moves, it also moves.
- the axis can in particular protrude into the interior of the switching chamber through an opening in the switching chamber.
- the magnet armature can be movable through a magnetic circuit in order to effect the switching processes described above.
- the magnetic circuit can have a yoke that has an opening through which the axis of the magnet armature protrudes.
- the axle can preferably have or be made of stainless steel.
- the yoke can preferably have or be made of pure iron or a low-doped iron alloy.
- the at least one fixed contact has two parts which, when put together, essentially form the at least one fixed contact.
- the two parts are permanently joined together in the switching device.
- the two parts are permanent and are therefore joined together in such a way that they cannot be separated from one another under normal operating conditions.
- the at least one fixed contact can have one or more connecting materials that can improve a permanent connection of the two parts.
- the at least one fixed contact has, as the two parts, a fastening part and a connecting part, which, when joined together, essentially form the at least one fixed contact, for example except for at least one connecting material.
- the connecting part and the fastening part are connected to one another at least in a form-fitting and/or force-fitting manner, for example by a clamp connection or, particularly preferably by a screw connection.
- the connecting part and the fastening part must also be connected to one another in a materially bonded manner.
- the fastening part is intended and set up to be fastened to the switching chamber, so that the at least one fixed contact is fastened to the fastening part on the switching chamber.
- the fastening part can be materially connected to the switching chamber.
- the connection part is intended and set up to be connected to an external electrical supply line, so that the at least one fixed contact with the connection part can be connected to an external electrical supply line.
- the fastening part has a recess and the connecting part projects into the recess of the fastening part.
- the depression can particularly preferably be designed as a blind hole, so that the connecting part does not protrude through the fastening part.
- the fastening part can be cup-shaped.
- the fastening part can have a contact surface on a floor area on a side opposite the connection part, with which the fastening part and thus the at least one fixed contact is in mechanical contact with the movable contact in a switching state of the switching device.
- the contact surface is thus arranged in the switching chamber. Consequently, the internal mechanical contact described above with the movable contact preferably takes place via the fastening part, whereas the external mechanical contact with an external supply line takes place via the connecting part.
- the connecting part is accessible outside the switching device.
- the connection part can have a connection element that is arranged outside a housing of the switching device.
- the connection element can be formed, for example, by a stud bolt.
- the stud bolt particularly preferably has an external thread.
- the connecting element can, for example, also have or be a threaded hole in the connecting part.
- the connecting part can have a support element, from which the connecting element extends away.
- the connection element can extend away from the support element in a direction facing away from the fastening part.
- the support element can particularly preferably have an upper side facing away from the switching chamber, from which the connection element protrudes.
- the support element can, for example, be designed in the shape of a disk, particularly preferably in the form of a circular disk, from which the connecting element, for example in the form of a stud bolt, protrudes centrally.
- the connection element can be provided for positioning and arrangement as well as for fastening an external electrical supply line. If the connecting element has an external thread, a fastening nut, for example, can be screwed onto the connecting element.
- the top side of the support element can form a support surface for the external electrical supply line, against which the external electrical supply line is pressed in a fastened state, for example with the fastening nut tightened, in order to achieve as much as possible to achieve low electrical contact resistance between the at least one fixed contact and the first electrical supply line.
- the external electrical supply line can therefore, for example, have a hole through which the connection element protrudes, and can also be clamped between the support element and a fastening nut screwed onto the connection element.
- the connecting part has a connecting element.
- the connecting element is preferably arranged on a side of the support element that is opposite the connecting element.
- the connecting element can be formed, for example, by a stud bolt.
- the connecting element when viewed from the support element, can extend in a direction facing the fastening part.
- the support element can particularly preferably have an underside facing the switching chamber, from which the connecting element protrudes.
- the connecting element can protrude into the recess of the fastening part and can particularly preferably be arranged in the recess.
- the connecting part can particularly preferably be screwed into the recess with the connecting element.
- the connecting element can have an external thread and the recess in the fastening part can have an internal thread.
- the connecting element and the connecting element can each have an external thread with the same thread size.
- the external thread of the connecting element and/or the internal thread of the make sure there is an excess fit in the recess before screwing the connecting part into the fastening part.
- the internal thread of the recess is tolerated to be smaller than the external thread of the connecting element.
- the threads preferably correspond to the standards DIN 13-1 to DIN 13-52, particularly preferably DIN 13-51 (transition tolerance field for a sealing seat). For example, there may be a fit "M8 - 5H/4h" (transitional fit).
- the standards according to DIN 13 generally refer to fine threads such as threads of type M6, M8, etc. Other thread types are also included, for example non-metric thread types , for example according to ASME Bl.
- a connecting material is arranged between the external thread of the connecting element and the internal thread of the recess.
- the connecting material can have an adhesive f or be an adhesive f, for example with or made from an acrylate such as a methacrylate or a cyanoacrylate.
- a connecting material is arranged in the recess below the connection element.
- the recess can particularly preferably have a depth that is greater than a height of the connecting element measured from the underside of the support element, so that when the connecting part is completely screwed into the fastening part, there is a cavity underneath of the connecting element remains, in which the connecting material can be arranged.
- the connecting material can have or be made from an adhesive, for example an adhesive described above, or a soft solder.
- a soft solder is referred to here and below as a solder that preferably has a melting point of less than or equal to 400 ° C.
- the soft solder can be arranged, for example, in the form of a solder pill in the recess of the fastening part, which is already attached to the switching chamber. After screwing in the connecting part, the soft solder can be melted by heating, for example in an oven.
- the soft solder can be free of fluxes.
- the soft solder can be provided with a flux.
- the wetting properties of the soft solder can be improved using a flux.
- the soft solder can preferably be lead-free.
- the soft solder can be one or more
- bismuth Bi
- tin Sn
- antimony Sb
- the proportions, based on the mass, can, for example, for bismuth and tin each be greater than or equal to 25% and less than or equal to 35% and particularly preferably greater than or equal to 27% and less than or equal to 31% and for antimony greater than or equal to 50% and less or equal to 70% and particularly preferably greater than or equal to 38% and less than or equal to 46%.
- the soft solder can, for example, contain or be made from one or more materials selected from tin (Sn), silver (Ag) and copper (Cu).
- the proportions, based on the mass can be greater than or equal to 50% and particularly preferably greater than or equal to 85%.
- the proportions based on the mass of silver can be less than 15% and preferably less than 5%.
- the shares, related on the mass, for copper can be less than 5% and preferably less than 1%.
- the soft solder Sn96. 5Ag3. OCuO . be 5.
- the underside of the support element rests on the fastening part.
- the fastening part can have an edge area with an upper side on which the underside of the support element rests.
- the edge region can particularly preferably be formed all around the recess in the fastening part.
- a connecting material is arranged between the underside of the support element and the top of the edge region.
- the connecting material can have or be a soft solder, for example a soft solder as described above.
- the top of the edge region of the fastening part and/or the underside of the support element of the connecting part has a surface structure, for example knurling and/or roughening.
- the surface structure can particularly preferably be provided in conjunction with a connecting material between the underside of the support element and the top of the edge region.
- the support element is welded to the edge region.
- the support element can be connected to the edge area by means of a weld on an outside of the contact area, which extends through the underside of the support element and the top of the Edge area is formed, be connected to each other, the weld seam particularly preferably being completely circumferential.
- the attachment of the connecting part to the fastening part can be improved by one or more of the connecting materials mentioned and/or the surface structure and/or the welding. This can reduce the risk of the connecting part unintentionally loosening
- Fastening part can be reduced or even prevented.
- the support element and the edge region can particularly preferably have the same outside diameter.
- the upper side of the edge region and the underside of the support element can, for example, both be annular and arranged congruently with one another.
- the support element and the edge region can each be partially arranged in an opening in a housing of the switching device.
- the contact area between these, i.e. the top of the edge area and the underside of the support element can be arranged within the opening of the housing.
- the edge region has a fastening edge facing the switching chamber, which is connected to the switching chamber in a material-locking manner.
- the fastening edge is arranged opposite the top side.
- the fastening edge can be connected to the switching chamber by means of a hard solder, whereby the at least one fixed contact is fastened to the switching chamber.
- the switching chamber can run all around the opening through which the at least one fixed contact, i.e. in particular that Fastening part, which projects into the switching chamber, has a corresponding edge region, which can be formed, for example, by a raised ring structure and on which the fastening edge is fastened by means of the brazing solder.
- a hard solder is referred to here and below as a solder that has a melting point of greater than or equal to 600 ° C.
- a solder based on silver and/or copper can be used as the hard solder, particularly preferably a silver-copper alloy such as Ag72Cu28.
- the connecting part and the fastening part are made of the same material.
- the connection part and the fastening part can each have or be made from a material generally mentioned above for the contacts, for example a metal, preferably copper or a copper alloy.
- the fastening part can have a lower hardness than the connecting part. This can be done by soldering the fastening part to the switching chamber using the brazing solder. Due to the typically high temperature of, for example, 800 ° C or more during brazing, the material of the fastening part can be softer after brazing than before due to solid-state physical processes.
- the connecting part on the other hand, can retain its original hardness because it is not subjected to a brazing process but is screwed in after brazing.
- one or more fixed contacts which form the attachment points for external electrical supply lines, are designed in two parts, with only one, preferably Smaller, part of each of the fixed contacts is actually soldered in place using brazing and a second part, which does not go through the soldering process, is added later.
- This has the advantage that there is no weight disadvantage compared to conventional one-piece contacts, the contact resistance does not increase or increases only slightly due to the preferably identical materials, and increased mechanical strength is nevertheless achieved compared to one-piece fixed contacts.
- the second part can be securely attached to the soldered-in first part.
- the fixed contacts and the switching device described here can be produced inexpensively with little or no increased process costs and, compared to one-piece fixed contacts, higher mechanical loads are possible.
- Figures 1A and 1B show schematic representations of an exemplary embodiment of a switching device
- Figures 2A to 2E show schematic representations of a fixed contact of the switching device
- Figures 3A and 3B show schematic representations of a method for mounting a fixed contact on the switching chamber cover of the switching device according to a further exemplary embodiment
- Figures 4 to 8B show schematic representations of a fixed contact of the switching device according to further exemplary embodiments.
- identical, similar or identically acting elements can each be provided with the same reference symbols.
- the elements shown and their size ratios to one another are not to be viewed as true to scale; rather, individual elements, such as layers, components, components and areas, may be shown exaggeratedly large for better display and/or understanding.
- FIG. 1A and 1B show an exemplary embodiment of a switching device 100, which can be used, for example, for switching strong electrical currents and/or high electrical voltages and which can be a relay or contactor, in particular a power contactor.
- a three-dimensional sectional view with a vertical sectional plane is shown in FIG. 1A.
- Figure 1B the section BB marked in Figure 1A is shown enlarged.
- the geometries shown are only intended to be exemplary and not restrictive and can also be designed alternatively.
- the switching device 100 has contacts 2, 4 in a housing 1, which are also referred to below as switching contacts.
- the housing 1 serves primarily as a contact protection for the components arranged inside and has or is made of a plastic, for example PBT or glass fiber-filled PBT.
- the switching device 100 has two fixed contacts 2 as contacts and a movable contact mounted on an insulator 3 in the form of a contact bridge 4.
- the contact bridge 4 is designed as a contact plate.
- the fixed contacts 2 together with the contact bridge 4 form the Switch contacts.
- other numbers of contacts i.e. other numbers of fixed and/or movable contacts, may also be possible.
- the fixed contacts 2 and/or the contact bridge 4 can be, for example, with or made of Cu, a Cu alloy or a mixture, for example, of copper with at least one other metal, for example Wo, Ni and/or Cr.
- the switching device 100 is shown in a switched-off state, in which the contact bridge 4 is spaced from the fixed contacts 2, so that the contacts 2, 4 are galvanically isolated from one another.
- the contact bridge 4 In order to put the switching device 100 into a switched-on state, the contact bridge 4 must be moved upwards in the direction of the fixed contacts 2 in the illustration shown until the contact bridge 4 is in mechanical contact with the fixed contacts 2.
- the switching device 100 has a magnetic drive with a movable magnet armature 5, which essentially completes the switching movement.
- the magnet armature 5 has a magnetic core 6, for example with or made of a ferromagnetic material.
- the magnet armature 5 has an axis 7 which is guided through the magnetic core 6 and is firmly connected to the magnetic core 6 at one axis end. At the other end of the axis opposite the magnetic core 6, the magnet armature 5 has the contact bridge 4.
- the axis 7 can preferably be made with or from stainless steel.
- the insulator 3 which can also be referred to as a bridge insulator, is arranged between them.
- a bridge insulator For support to compensate for possible height differences and to ensure sufficient mechanical contact between the fixed contacts 2 and the contact bridge
- a contact spring 34 is arranged below the contact bridge 4, which is supported on the insulator 3 and which exerts a force in the direction of the fixed contacts 2 on the contact bridge 4.
- the magnetic core 6 is surrounded by a coil 8.
- a current flow in the coil 8 that can be switched on from the outside by a control circuit generates a movement of the magnetic core 6 and thus of the entire magnet armature 5 in the axial direction until the contact bridge 4 contacts the fixed contacts 2.
- the magnet armature 5 moves upwards for this purpose.
- the magnet armature 5 thus moves from a first position, a rest position, which corresponds to the separating, i.e. non-switching and therefore switched off state, into a second position which corresponds to the active, i.e. switching through and therefore switched on state.
- the switching contacts are galvanically connected to one another.
- the switching device 100 has a yoke 9, which can have or be made of pure iron or a low-doped iron alloy and which forms part of the magnetic circuit.
- the yoke 9 has an opening in which the axis 7 is guided.
- a guide sleeve (not shown) can be present in the opening of the yoke 9. If the current flow in the coil 8 is interrupted, the magnet armature
- the magnet armature 5 moved back into the first position by one or more springs 10. In the illustration shown, the magnet armature 5 thus moves downward again. The switching device 100 is then back in the idle state in which the contacts are open.
- the switching contacts can be arranged in a gas atmosphere, so that the switching device 100 can be designed as a gas-filled relay or gas-filled contactor.
- the switching contacts are arranged within a switching chamber 11, for example formed by a switching chamber cover 12 and a switching chamber base 13, in a gas-tight region 14 formed by a hermetically sealed part, wherein the switching chamber 11 can be part of the gas-tight region 14.
- the gas-tight area 14 completely surrounds the magnet armature 5 and the switching contacts, except for parts of the fixed contacts 2 intended for external connection.
- the gas-tight area 14 and thus also the interior 15 of the switching chamber 11 are filled with a gas.
- the gas-tight region 14 is essentially formed by parts of the switching chamber 11, the yoke 9 and additional walls.
- the gas which can be filled into the gas-tight region 14 through a gas filler neck 17 as part of the production of the switching device 100, can particularly preferably be hydrogen.
- so-called blowing magnets, i.e. permanent magnets 16 can be present inside or outside the switching chamber 11, which cause an extension of the arc path and can thus improve the extinguishing of the arcs.
- the switching chamber cover 12 and the switching chamber base 13 can, for example, be made with or from a ceramic material such as a metal oxide, for example AI2O3.
- plastics with a sufficiently high temperature resistance for example a PEEK, a PE and/or a glass fiber-filled PBT, are also suitable, for example for the switching chamber base 13.
- the switching chamber 11 can at least partially also have POM, in particular with the structure (CH2O) n .
- Such a plastic can be characterized by a comparatively low carbon content and a very low tendency to form graphite. Due to the same proportions of carbon and oxygen, especially in (CH2O) n , heat and especially arc-induced decomposition can produce predominantly gaseous CO and H2.
- the additional hydrogen f can increase arc extinction.
- the fixed contacts 2 are arranged in openings 121 of the switching chamber cover 12 and protrude through the openings 121 into the interior 15 of the switching chamber 11, so that in particular the contact surfaces 208 of the fixed contacts 2 are arranged in the interior 15 of the switching chamber 11.
- the fixed contacts 2 are mounted in a material-locking, permanent and, in particular, gas-tight manner on a mounting area 122 of the switching chamber cover 12 that surrounds the openings 121.
- the fixed contacts 2 are particularly preferably mounted on the switching chamber 11 by brazing.
- the fixed contacts 2 which have a fastening part 20 and a connecting part 21, have an edge region 203 with a fastening edge 205, between which and the mounting region 122 a brazing solder (not shown) is arranged.
- a solder based on silver and/or copper can be used as the hard solder, particularly preferably a silver-copper alloy such as Ag72Cu28.
- Method steps of a method for mounting the fixed contacts 2 on the switching chamber cover 12 are described in connection with FIGS. 3A and 3B.
- connection elements 211 can, as explained in connection with the following figures, have a thread, so that the external supply lines can be fixed, for example by means of screw nuts, on the connection elements 211 and thus on the fixed contacts 2 and pressed against support elements 213.
- connection elements 211 In order to keep the electrical energy as low as possible In order to achieve contact resistance between the external supply lines and the fixed contacts 2 and to ensure a permanent mechanical connection, even with shear forces and leverage forces that can occur during operation, a sufficiently high tightening torque is necessary with which the screw nuts on the connecting elements 211 be screwed. Therefore, the connection elements 211 in particular must have sufficient mechanical strength. In other words, the material of the connecting elements 211 must be sufficiently hard. However, as described at the beginning, in the case of a conventional fixed contact, the brazing process for attaching the fixed contact would lead to a change and in particular softening of the material.
- the fixed contacts 2 are therefore designed in two parts in the switching device 100 shown. Further features and exemplary embodiments of the fixed contacts 2 are explained in connection with the following figures.
- FIGS. 2A to 2E Different views of a fixed contact 2 corresponding to the two fixed contacts 2 of the switching device 100 according to the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 1A and 1B are shown in FIGS. 2A to 2E.
- the fixed contacts 2 of the switching device 100 can be designed like the fixed contact 2 according to the description of FIGS. 2A to 2E.
- a three-dimensional top view and a three-dimensional sectional view of the fixed contact 2 are shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B.
- Figures 2C to 2E show various further sectional views of the fixed contact 2 or parts of it. The following one Description also refers to Figures 2A to 2E.
- the fixed contact 2 has two parts, formed by a fastening part 20 and a connecting part 21, which, when put together, essentially form the at least one fixed contact 2 and which are permanently joined together in the switching device .
- the connecting part 21 and the fastening part 20 are connected to one another at least in a form-fitting and/or force-fitting manner, for example by a clamp connection or, particularly preferably by a screw connection.
- the connecting part 21 and the fastening part 20 can also be connected to one another in a materially bonded manner, as described in connection with FIGS. 4 to 8B.
- the fastening part 20 is intended and set up to be fastened to the switching chamber by means of brazing as described in connection with FIGS. 1A and 1B, so that the fixed contact 2 is fastened to the switching chamber with the fastening part 20.
- the connection part 21 is, as described in connection with Figures 1A and 1B, intended and set up to be connected to an external electrical supply line, so that the fixed contact 2 can be connected to the connection part 21 to an external electrical supply line.
- the fastening part 20 has a recess 200 and that
- Connecting part 21 projects into the recess 200 of the
- the depression 200 is as Blind hole is formed so that the connecting part 21 does not protrude through the fastening part 20.
- the fastening part 20 can be cup-shaped with a bottom region 201 and an adjoining wall region 202.
- the contact surface 208 is provided on the bottom area 201 on a side opposite the connecting part 21.
- the connecting part 21 has the connecting element 211 designed as a stud bolt, which, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, is arranged outside the housing of the switching device and has an external thread 212.
- the connecting element 211 extends from a top side 214 of the support element 213 in a direction facing away from the fastening part 20.
- the support element 213 is, as can be seen in FIG. 2A, particularly preferably disc-shaped, particularly preferably in the form of a circular disc, from which the connecting element 211 protrudes centrally.
- the connecting part 21 has a connecting element 216.
- the connecting element 216 is arranged on a side of the support element 213 opposite the connection element 211 and is designed as a stud bolt which protrudes from an underside 215 of the support element 213 facing the switching chamber, so that the connecting element 216, viewed from the support element 213, is in a position for mounting Extending part 20 in the direction facing.
- the connecting element 216 projects into the recess 200 of the
- Connection part 21 is connected to the connecting element 216 Deepening 200 screwed in.
- the connecting element 216 has an external thread 217.
- the recess 200 in the fastening part 20 has a matching internal thread 207 in the wall area 202.
- the connecting element 211 and the connecting element 216 can each have an external thread 212, 217 with the same thread size, approximately size M8.
- the external threads 212, 217 can have the same direction of rotation and can therefore both be right-hand threads, for example.
- the external thread 217 of the connecting element 216 and / or the internal thread 207 of the recess 200 can have an interference fit as described above in the general part before screwing the connecting part 21 into the fastening part 21, whereby a tighter screw connection can be achieved, through which an unintentional Unscrewing the connecting part 21 from the fastening part 20 can be prevented.
- the support element 213 lies with the underside 215 preferably on the fastening part 20.
- the fastening part 20 can in particular have the edge region 203 with an upper side 204 on which the underside 215 of the support element 211 rests, so that the best possible electrical contact between the fastening part 20 and the connecting part 21 can be achieved.
- the edge region 203 can particularly preferably be formed all around the recess 200 in the fastening part 20.
- the support element 211 and the edge region 203 can particularly preferably have the same outside diameter exhibit .
- the upper side 204 of the edge region 203 and the underside 215 of the support element 211 can, for example, both be annular and arranged congruently with one another.
- the support element 211 and the edge region 203 can each be partially arranged in the opening in the housing of the switching device.
- the contact area between these, i.e. the top 204 of the edge area 203 and the bottom 215 of the support element 213, can be arranged within the opening of the housing.
- the edge region 203 has a fastening edge 205 facing the switching chamber, which is firmly connected to the switching chamber material.
- the fastening edge 205 can be spaced from the wall area 202, for example by a circumferential groove 204.
- 3A and 3B show method steps of a method for mounting the fixed contact 2 on the switching chamber cover 12, which can be carried out for all fixed contacts 2 as part of the production of the switching device.
- the fastening part 20 is inserted into the opening 121 of the switching chamber cover 12 so that the fastening edge 205 is arranged on the mounting area 122.
- the mounting area 122 can be formed, for example, in an edge area of the opening 121 by a raised ring structure.
- a hard solder 120 is applied between the mounting area 122 and the fastening edge 205, for example a solder based on silver and/or copper and particularly preferably a silver-copper alloy such as Ag72Cu28.
- the switching chamber cover 12 can be attached to the fastening parts 20 arranged in this way Fixed contacts 2 are heated, for example, in an oven, so that a gas-tight connection is created between the switching chamber cover 12 and the fastening parts 20 by the melting and re-solidifying brazing solder 120. Subsequently, as indicated in FIG. 3B, a connecting part 21 can be screwed into each fastening part 20.
- the connecting part 21 and the fastening part 20 are made of the same material, for example with or made of a metal, preferably oxygen-free copper or a copper alloy.
- the fastening part 20 When installed, i.e. when the fixed contact 2 is attached to the switching chamber, the fastening part 20 can have a lower hardness than the connecting part 21 due to the brazing process. Due to the typically high temperature of, for example, 800° C. or more during brazing, the material of the fastening part 20 can be softer after brazing than before due to solid-state physical processes.
- the connecting part 21, on the other hand can retain its original hardness since it is not subjected to a brazing process but is screwed in after brazing.
- the connecting part 21 made of the same material remains untreated because it is only attached afterwards.
- FIGS. 4 to 8B Further developments of the fixed contact 2 according to further exemplary embodiments are shown in the following FIGS. 4 to 8B, which can improve a permanent connection between the fastening part 20 and the connecting part 21.
- FIGS. 4 to 8B For clarity, only the elements described are provided with reference symbols in FIGS. 4 to 8B. The measures described can be used alone or in combination.
- a connecting material 23 can be arranged between the external thread 217 of the connecting element 216 of the connecting part 21 and the internal thread 207 of the recess 200 of the fastening part 20, as indicated by the dashed areas.
- the connecting material 23 can have an adhesive f or be an adhesive f, for example with or made of an acrylate such as a methacrylate or a cyanoacrylate.
- the adhesive f can harden after the connection part 21 has been mounted on the fastening part 20 and prevent the connection part 21 from being unintentionally unscrewed.
- a connecting material 24 can be arranged in the recess 200 below the connecting element 216 of the connecting element 21.
- the recess 200 particularly preferably has a depth that is greater than a height of the connecting element 216 measured from the underside 215 of the support element 213, so that when completely When the connecting part 21 is screwed into the fastening part 20, a cavity remains below the connecting element 216, in which the connecting material 24 can be arranged.
- the connecting material 24 can have or be made of an adhesive f, for example an adhesive f described above, or particularly preferably a soft solder.
- the soft solder can be arranged, for example, in the form of a solder pill in the recess 200 of the fastening part 20, which is already attached to the switching chamber. After screwing in the connecting part 21, the soft solder can be melted by heating, for example in an oven, whereby the temperature required for this is significantly lower than in the brazing process and does not result in any softening of the connecting part 21.
- the soft solder can preferably be lead-free and, for example, based on Bi, Sn and/or Sb or based on Sn and Ag and/or Cu, as described above in the general part.
- the soft solder can be flux-free so that no flux residue remains in the cavity.
- the soft solder can be provided with a flux. For example, the wetting properties of the soft solder can be improved using a flux.
- a connecting material 25 can be arranged between the underside 215 of the support element 213 of the connecting part 21 and the upper side 204 of the edge region 203 of the fastening part 20.
- the connecting material 25 can have or be made from an adhesive or, particularly preferably, a soft solder according to the previous description.
- a connecting material 24, 25, particularly preferably in the form of a soft solder is applied either close to the thread in the recess 200 or on the outer edge, i.e. on the support surface formed by the top 204 of the edge region 203.
- a solder containing a flux can be brought to its melting temperature, which is preferably less than or equal to 300 ° C, which leads to melting and subsequently to a firm connection.
- the low melting temperature of the soft solder avoids a reduction in the hardness of the connecting part 21, since this would typically only occur with copper and copper alloys at temperatures of more than 500 ° C.
- the temperatures of the fixed contact 2 typically remain at less than 160 ° C, which prevents the soft solder from melting again.
- the introduction of the connecting material 25 at the outer edge has the advantage that it increases the torque required to release the soft solder connection.
- the upper side 204 of the edge region 203 of the fastening part 20 and/or the underside 215 of the support element 213 of the connecting part 21 can have a surface structure 209, 219, for example knurling and/or roughening which can be produced, for example, by sandblasting.
- the surface structure 209, 219 can particularly preferably be provided in conjunction with a connecting material 25 between the underside 215 of the support element 213 and the upper side 204 of the edge region 203.
- Support element 213 of the connecting part 21 with the edge area 203 of the fastening part 20 must be welded. After screwing the connecting part 21 to the fastening part 20, the contact edge is welded all around or partially on the edge.
- the support element 213 can be connected to the edge region 203 by means of a weld seam 26, which is indicated by the dashed area in FIG are connected, whereby the weld seam 26 can particularly preferably be completely circumferential.
- the weld seam 26 can particularly preferably be formed by laser welding. Welding has the advantage of a short process time. Furthermore, a high level of security can be achieved against unintentional detachment of the connecting part 21 from the fastening part 20 during use of the switching device.
- an absorption element 27 can be arranged in the welding area for this purpose, which can be formed, for example, by a suitable paint, a varnish or a roughening.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2024563134A JP7825072B2 (ja) | 2022-04-29 | 2023-04-28 | スイッチング装置 |
| US18/859,854 US20250285821A1 (en) | 2022-04-29 | 2023-04-28 | Switching device |
| CN202380037265.6A CN119110978A (zh) | 2022-04-29 | 2023-04-28 | 开关装置 |
| DE112023002058.2T DE112023002058A5 (de) | 2022-04-29 | 2023-04-28 | Schaltvorrichtung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022110496.6 | 2022-04-29 | ||
| DE102022110496.6A DE102022110496B4 (de) | 2022-04-29 | 2022-04-29 | Schaltvorrichtung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023209149A1 true WO2023209149A1 (de) | 2023-11-02 |
Family
ID=86378341
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2023/061239 Ceased WO2023209149A1 (de) | 2022-04-29 | 2023-04-28 | Schaltvorrichtung |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250285821A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP7825072B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN119110978A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE102022110496B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023209149A1 (de) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11232986A (ja) | 1998-02-13 | 1999-08-27 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 封止接点装置 |
| DE69520820T2 (de) * | 1994-11-28 | 2001-11-22 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Gekapselte Kontaktanordnung |
| JP2005038706A (ja) | 2003-07-15 | 2005-02-10 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 封止接点装置 |
| US20080122562A1 (en) | 2006-11-28 | 2008-05-29 | Tyco Electronics Corpoation | Hermetically sealed electromechanical relay |
| EP2141714A2 (de) * | 2008-06-30 | 2010-01-06 | Omron Corporation | Elektromagnetisches Relais |
| EP2838099A1 (de) * | 2012-04-13 | 2015-02-18 | Fuji Electric FA Components & Systems Co. Ltd. | Kontaktvorrichtung und elektromagnetischer schalter damit |
| US20160012995A1 (en) | 2014-07-11 | 2016-01-14 | Lsis Co., Ltd. | Magnetic switch |
| DE102018109389A1 (de) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-10-24 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Schaltvorrichtung |
| DE102019129805B3 (de) | 2019-11-05 | 2021-05-06 | Auto-Kabel Management Gmbh | Modulverbinder |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS602804U (ja) * | 1983-06-17 | 1985-01-10 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | サ−ジ吸収器 |
| JP6425638B2 (ja) | 2015-10-02 | 2018-11-21 | ショット日本株式会社 | 高容量リレー用パイプリード付き気密端子およびその気密端子を用いたリレー用接点装置 |
| KR102039323B1 (ko) | 2019-05-16 | 2019-11-26 | 주식회사 와이엠텍 | 마이크로스위치를 이용한 보조 접점 장치를 갖는 직류 스위치 장치 |
-
2022
- 2022-04-29 DE DE102022110496.6A patent/DE102022110496B4/de active Active
-
2023
- 2023-04-28 JP JP2024563134A patent/JP7825072B2/ja active Active
- 2023-04-28 WO PCT/EP2023/061239 patent/WO2023209149A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-04-28 US US18/859,854 patent/US20250285821A1/en active Pending
- 2023-04-28 CN CN202380037265.6A patent/CN119110978A/zh active Pending
- 2023-04-28 DE DE112023002058.2T patent/DE112023002058A5/de active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69520820T2 (de) * | 1994-11-28 | 2001-11-22 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Gekapselte Kontaktanordnung |
| JPH11232986A (ja) | 1998-02-13 | 1999-08-27 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 封止接点装置 |
| JP2005038706A (ja) | 2003-07-15 | 2005-02-10 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 封止接点装置 |
| US20080122562A1 (en) | 2006-11-28 | 2008-05-29 | Tyco Electronics Corpoation | Hermetically sealed electromechanical relay |
| EP2141714A2 (de) * | 2008-06-30 | 2010-01-06 | Omron Corporation | Elektromagnetisches Relais |
| EP2838099A1 (de) * | 2012-04-13 | 2015-02-18 | Fuji Electric FA Components & Systems Co. Ltd. | Kontaktvorrichtung und elektromagnetischer schalter damit |
| US20160012995A1 (en) | 2014-07-11 | 2016-01-14 | Lsis Co., Ltd. | Magnetic switch |
| DE102018109389A1 (de) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-10-24 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Schaltvorrichtung |
| DE102019129805B3 (de) | 2019-11-05 | 2021-05-06 | Auto-Kabel Management Gmbh | Modulverbinder |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP7825072B2 (ja) | 2026-03-05 |
| US20250285821A1 (en) | 2025-09-11 |
| JP2025513601A (ja) | 2025-04-24 |
| DE102022110496A1 (de) | 2023-11-02 |
| DE112023002058A5 (de) | 2025-09-11 |
| DE102022110496B4 (de) | 2023-12-21 |
| CN119110978A (zh) | 2024-12-10 |
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