WO2023207041A1 - 露天矿边帮压煤开采方法 - Google Patents

露天矿边帮压煤开采方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023207041A1
WO2023207041A1 PCT/CN2022/132637 CN2022132637W WO2023207041A1 WO 2023207041 A1 WO2023207041 A1 WO 2023207041A1 CN 2022132637 W CN2022132637 W CN 2022132637W WO 2023207041 A1 WO2023207041 A1 WO 2023207041A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tunnel
coal
air inlet
coal mining
wind speed
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PCT/CN2022/132637
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王步康
张强
陈明军
朱大鹏
张小峰
陈庆贺
张雪瑞
段景曦
贺建伟
原钢
高丽
黄振华
杨杰
马育华
侯伟
胡凌云
Original Assignee
中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司
山西天地煤机装备有限公司
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Publication of WO2023207041A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023207041A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/26—Methods of surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/28—Methods of surface mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C47/00—Machines for obtaining or the removal of materials in open-pit mines
    • E21C47/02—Machines for obtaining or the removal of materials in open-pit mines for coal, brown coal, or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/006—Ventilation at the working face of galleries or tunnels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of coal mining, and in particular to a coal mining method with side-pressure in an open-pit mine.
  • the present disclosure aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art, at least to a certain extent.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure propose a mining method for side-pressure coal in an open-pit mine, which has high safety performance.
  • the side-pressed coal mining method of an open-pit mine according to the embodiment of the present disclosure has the advantages of high safety performance and good environmental protection effect.
  • the steps of mining coal in the tunnel, blowing air to the coal mining working face, and extracting air at the entrance of the tunnel are performed simultaneously.
  • the side-pressure coal mining method in an open-pit mine further includes: installing a damper at the entrance of the tunnel, and sealingly connecting the outer peripheral wall of the damper with the inner peripheral wall of the tunnel.
  • an air inlet pipeline is used to blow air to the coal mining face.
  • the air inlet pipeline has a first end and a second end in its extension direction, and the first end is located outside the tunnel. , the second end is located in the tunnel, and the distance between the first end and the damper is greater than 5 meters.
  • a first fan is provided at the right end of the air inlet duct, and the first fan is located in the tunnel and used to supply air to the tunnel.
  • the damper includes a door curtain, an air bag, a door frame, and a damper driver;
  • the air bag is disposed between the outer peripheral side of the damper and the inner peripheral side of the tunnel, and is connected to the door frame. , inflate the air bag to form an effective seal at the contact area between the damper and the tunnel;
  • the shape of the lower end of the door curtain is adapted to the outer peripheral shape of the air inlet duct, thereby limiting the avoidance area for all
  • the air inlet pipeline passes through the damper;
  • the damper driving member is provided outside the damper and is used to control the opening and closing of the damper.
  • an exhaust duct is used to exhaust air in the tunnel.
  • One end of the exhaust duct is located outside the tunnel and is connected to the atmosphere.
  • the other end of the exhaust duct is connected to the tunnel.
  • the tunnel is connected, and the air volume of the exhaust duct is greater than 1.2 times the air volume of the air inlet duct.
  • the open-pit mine side-pressure coal mining method further includes: using a coal mining device to mine coal, and using a coal transport device to transport the coal blocks.
  • the coal mining device is connected to the coal transporting device, the coal transporting device includes a plurality of coal transporting units, and the air inlet pipeline includes a plurality of air inlet pipes.
  • a plurality of coal transport units corresponds to a plurality of air inlet ducts, and each coal transport unit is connected to each of the air inlet ducts.
  • the coal mining device includes a boring machine, the boring machine includes a boring machine body and a cutting assembly, the cutting assembly is swingably provided on the boring machine body;
  • the air inlet pipeline further It includes a connecting pipe connected to the air inlet pipe, the connecting pipe is fixed on the cutting assembly, and the connecting pipe is swingably connected to the air inlet pipe so as to swing with the cutting assembly.
  • the connecting pipe is used to blow air to the coal mining face when the cutting assembly mines side coal.
  • the connecting pipe is provided with a flow guide, and the flow guide is provided at the right end of the connecting pipe for adjusting the air outlet angle of the air inlet duct.
  • the open-pit mine side-pressure coal mining method further includes:
  • the method of side-pressure coal mining in an open-pit mine also includes: after issuing the first-level warning, stopping coal mining in the tunnel, stopping transporting coal out of the tunnel, increasing the The air volume of the exhaust duct and the air volume of the air inlet duct.
  • the open-pit mine side-pressure coal mining method further includes:
  • the preset value is 4% to 6% of the first wind speed.
  • the method of side-pressure coal mining in an open-pit mine also includes: when the second wind speed is less than the first wind speed, and the difference between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is greater than or equal to the predetermined wind speed. If the numerical value and the real-time gas concentration in the tunnel are less than or equal to the preset gas concentration, check whether the air inlet pipe outside the tunnel is damaged;
  • the difference between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is greater than or equal to the preset value, and the real-time gas concentration in the tunnel is greater than the preset gas If the concentration is high, stop coal mining in the tunnel, stop transporting coal out of the tunnel, increase the wind speed of the exhaust, and then check whether the air inlet pipeline in the tunnel is damaged;
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the coal mining device, the air inlet pipeline and the exhaust pipeline of the coal transport device of the side-pressure coal mining method in an open-pit mine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the coal transport unit and the air inlet duct of the side-pressure coal mining method in an open-pit mine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the damper of the side-pressure coal mining method in an open-pit mine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the damper and the damper driver of the side-pressure coal mining method in an open-pit mine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the damper and another damper driver of the side-pressure coal mining method in an open-pit mine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Air inlet pipe 1 connecting pipe 11; air inlet pipe 12; exhaust pipe 2; first fan 3; second fan 4; dust removal component 5; dust collector 51; hopper 52;
  • Damper 6 exhaust outlet 61; avoidance area 62; door curtain 63; air bag 64; door frame 65;
  • Damper driving part 7 rotary cylinder 71; connecting rod 72; support frame 73;
  • Tunneling machine 8 cutting component 81; image acquisition component 82; coal transporting device 9; coal transporting unit 91; coal transporting component 911; driving component 912; fixed frame 913; first connecting part 914; second connecting part 915; step Enter platform 10;
  • Lane 200 coal mining face 201; lane entrance 202.
  • the open-pit mine edge-pressed coal mining method includes: It is known to those skilled in the art that when mining coal in the tunnel 200 , a large amount of dust, gas, carbon monoxide, etc. will appear in the tunnel 200 Toxic and harmful substances will not only cause pollution to the atmosphere, but also endanger the lives and safety of workers.
  • Coal mining is carried out within the tunnel 200.
  • a tunnel 200 is first dug out on the side-side of the open-pit mine, and then coal mining and coal transportation operations are performed in the tunnel 200 .
  • coal mining operations and coal transportation operations can be carried out at the same time, for example, coal blocks are transported to the outside of the tunnel 200 while mining.
  • the coal mining operation and the coal transportation operation may not be performed at the same time. For example, when the coal mining operation is in progress, the coal transportation operation is stopped; or when the coal transportation operation is in progress, the coal mining operation is stopped.
  • ventilation and dust removal operations are also required to transport the fresh air outside the tunnel 200 to the vicinity of the coal mining face 201, and at the same time, exhaust air at the tunnel entrance 202 , thereby reducing the concentration of dust, gas, carbon monoxide and other toxic and harmful substances in the tunnel 200, and thereby promptly replacing the air in the tunnel 200 to discharge dust, gas, carbon monoxide and other toxic and harmful substances from the tunnel 200.
  • blow air at a distance of 1 to 5 meters near the coal mining face 201 For example, blow air at a distance of 1 to 5 meters near the coal mining face 201. Exhaust air at the tunnel entrance 202, or within 10 meters of the tunnel entrance 202 within the tunnel 200.
  • Ventilation and dust removal operations and coal mining operations can be performed at the same time or not at the same time.
  • Ventilation and dust removal operations and coal transportation operations can be performed at the same time or not at the same time.
  • the side-blanking coal mining method of the open-pit mine according to the embodiment of the present disclosure there is no need for operators to enter the tunnel 200 when mining the side-bang coal mine, and the side-bumping coal mining method of the open-pit mine according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can prevent dust in the tunnel 200 Or gas and other harmful substances diffuse into the atmosphere, which not only improves operational safety, but also ensures safe and green mining of edge-pressed coal.
  • the side-pressed coal mining method of an open-pit mine according to the embodiment of the present disclosure has the advantages of high safety performance and good environmental protection effect.
  • the side-pressure coal mining method of an open-pit mine in embodiments of the present disclosure also includes dust removal of gas extracted from the tunnel 200 .
  • a dust removal assembly 5 is provided outside the tunnel 200.
  • the dust removal assembly 5 includes a dust collector 51 and a hopper 52.
  • the hopper 52 is connected to the dust collector 51 and is located below the dust collector 51.
  • the hopper 52 is sealed with the dust collector 51. connect.
  • the gas extracted from the tunnel 200 is passed into the dust removal assembly 5, and the dust filtered by the dust collector 51 falls into the hopper 52 under the action of gravity for recycling, thereby not only avoiding dust pollution of the atmosphere, but also improving resource utilization. Rate.
  • the steps of mining coal in the tunnel 200, blowing air to the coal mining face 201, and extracting air at the entrance of the tunnel 200 are performed simultaneously. Therefore, the coal mining operation is carried out at the same time as the coal transporting operation, so that the mined coal can be transported from the inside of the tunnel 200 to the outside of the tunnel 200 in time, and the coal mining operation, the coal transportation operation and the ventilation and dust removal operation are carried out at the same time, so that the mined coal is transported to the outside of the tunnel 200 in time.
  • Dust, gas, carbon monoxide and other toxic and harmful substances generated during coal operations and coal transportation operations are discharged in a timely manner to reduce or even avoid the time that harmful substances stay in the tunnel 200, thereby ensuring the normal operation of coal mining operations and coal transportation operations, thereby improving Coal mining efficiency.
  • the open-pit mine side-pressure coal mining method also includes: installing a damper 6 at the entrance of the tunnel 200, and sealingly connecting the outer peripheral wall of the damper 6 with the inner peripheral wall of the tunnel 200.
  • the damper 6 is provided at the tunnel entrance 202 . Therefore, the side-pressed coal mining method of the open-pit mine according to the embodiment of the present disclosure uses the damper 6 to ensure that an effective wind wall is formed at the tunnel entrance 202 , thereby inhibiting the spread of harmful substances such as dust or gas in the tunnel 200 to the outside of the tunnel 200, thereby improving the safety of the side-pressure coal mining method of the open-pit mine according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the damper 6 is provided in the tunnel 200, and the distance between the damper 6 and the tunnel entrance 202 is less than 3m.
  • the air inlet pipeline 1 is used to blow air to the coal mining face 201.
  • the air inlet pipeline 1 has a first end and a second end in its extension direction. The first end is located outside the tunnel 200, and the second end is located outside the tunnel 200. The end is located in the tunnel 200, and the distance between the first end and the damper 6 is greater than 5 meters.
  • the extension direction of the air inlet duct 1 is consistent with the left and right directions shown in Figure 1.
  • the first end of the air inlet duct 1 is the left end of the air inlet duct 1.
  • the air inlet duct 1 The second end of is the right end of the air inlet pipe 1.
  • the left end of the air inlet pipeline 1 is located outside the tunnel 200 and is connected to the atmosphere, and the right end of the air inlet pipeline 1 is located near the coal mining face 201.
  • the distance between the left end of the air inlet duct 1 and the damper 6 is greater than 5 meters.
  • a first fan 3 is provided at the right end of the air inlet pipe 1 .
  • the first fan 3 is located in the tunnel 200 .
  • the first fan 3 is used to easily introduce the airflow outside the tunnel 200 into the tunnel 200 .
  • the first fan 3 and the second fan 4 are axial flow fans.
  • the air in the tunnel 200 is discharged using the exhaust pipe 2.
  • One end of the exhaust pipe 2 is located outside the tunnel 200 and is connected to the atmosphere, and the other end of the exhaust pipe 2 is connected to the inside of the tunnel 200.
  • the air volume of the exhaust duct 2 is greater than the air volume of the air inlet duct 1.
  • the right end of the exhaust pipe 2 can be connected to the tunnel 200, and the left end of the exhaust pipe 2 is connected to the dust removal assembly 5.
  • the harmful substances in the tunnel 200 are diluted in the tunnel 200 and then pass through the exhaust pipe.
  • the air duct 2 enters the dust removal assembly 5.
  • the dust removal assembly 5 can filter out solid particles such as dust. Since toxic gases such as gas and carbon monoxide have been diluted to a safe range, there is no need to worry about harmful gases such as gas and carbon monoxide harming workers. safety.
  • the exhaust air volume of the exhaust duct 2 is greater than 1.2 times the inlet air volume of the air inlet duct 1.
  • the exhaust air volume of the exhaust duct 2 is 1.2 times, 1.3 times, 2 times the inlet air volume of the air inlet duct 1. times, 3 times, etc. Therefore, the side-pressure coal mining method of an open-pit mine according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can ensure that dust, gas and other harmful substances in the tunnel 200 can all enter the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe 2, thereby preventing dust, gas and other harmful substances from passing through the tunnel.
  • the entrance 202 enters the atmosphere, and the environmental protection effect is good.
  • the damper 6 is provided with an air outlet 61 and an escape area 62 .
  • the air outlet 61 is connected to the exhaust duct, and the escape area 62 facilitates the passage of the air inlet duct 1 .
  • the positions of the exhaust outlet 61 and the avoidance area 62 are designed according to the relative positions of the exhaust duct 2 and the air inlet duct 1. For example, if the exhaust duct 2 is located above the air inlet duct 1, then the exhaust outlet 61 is located above the air inlet duct 1. Above the avoidance area 62; or, if the exhaust duct 2 and the air inlet duct 1 are arranged at the same height, then the exhaust outlet 61 and the avoidance area 62 are arranged at the same height.
  • the exhaust duct 2 is located above the air inlet duct 1, and the exhaust outlet 61 is located above the avoidance area 62. Therefore, the open pit mine edge of the embodiment of the present disclosure is
  • the damper 6 for assisting the coal mining method has a compact structure and is easy to adapt to the width of the tunnel 200.
  • an airbag 64 is provided between the outer peripheral side of the damper 6 and the inner peripheral side of the tunnel 200 to seal the damper 6 and the tunnel 200 .
  • an air bag 64 is fixed on the outer peripheral side of the damper 6.
  • the air bag 64 is inflated to form an effective seal at the contact area between the damper 6 and the tunnel 200, thereby improving the effectiveness of the damper 6. Sealing performance, thereby preventing harmful substances such as dust or gas in the tunnel 200 from spreading out of the tunnel 200, thereby improving the safety of the open-pit mine edge-pressed coal mining method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the damper 6 includes a door curtain 63 , a door frame 65 and a damper driver 7 .
  • the air bag 64 is connected to the door frame 65 , and the shape of the lower end of the door curtain 63 is consistent with the outer peripheral shape of the air inlet duct 1 . Adapt, thereby limiting the avoidance area 62 so that the air inlet duct 1 passes through the damper 6 .
  • the damper driving member 7 is provided outside the damper 6 to control the opening and closing of the damper 6 .
  • the damper driving member 7 is used to drive the damper 6 to the tunnel entrance 202, and then inflate the air bag 64 so that the air bag 64 fits the inner peripheral wall of the tunnel 200, thereby reducing dust or gas leakage in the tunnel 200.
  • the door curtain 63 is used to block the vicinity of the air inlet pipe 1, which not only ensures the normal use of the air inlet pipe 1, but also further reduces the leakage of dust or gas in the tunnel 200 to the outside of the tunnel 200.
  • the air in the air bag 64 is released, and the damper driver 7 is used to move the damper 6 away from the tunnel entrance 202 .
  • the damper driving member 7 is a hydraulic cylinder.
  • the number of hydraulic cylinders can be multiple, and the plurality of hydraulic cylinders are arranged at intervals.
  • the damper 6 cannot completely block the tunnel entrance 202. Outside the tunnel 200, the closer to the damper 6, the higher the dust concentration in the air.
  • the damper driving member 7 includes two telescopic members with the same structure, so as to control the movement of the damper 6 in the left and right directions.
  • the damper driving member 7 includes a rotary cylinder 71 , a connecting rod 72 and a support frame 73 .
  • the rotary oil cylinder 71 is fixed on the stepping platform 10.
  • One end of the connecting rod 72 is connected to the rotary oil cylinder 71.
  • the other end of the connecting rod 72 is connected to the damper 6 by welding.
  • the middle part of the connecting rod 72 is hinged to the support frame 73.
  • the oil cylinder extends When moving out, the right end of the connecting rod 72 moves upward relative to the support frame 73, thereby driving the damper 6 to move upward, so that the damper 6 is separated from the tunnel 200.
  • the oil cylinder is retracted, the right end of the connecting rod 72 moves downward relative to the support frame 73, thereby driving the damper 6 to move downward, and then close to the tunnel 200.
  • the coal handling device 9 also includes a stepping platform 10 , the damper driving member 7 is connected to the stepping platform 10 , and the exhaust pipeline 2 is fixed on the stepping platform 10 .
  • a coal mining device is used for coal mining, and a coal transporting device 9 is used to transport coal blocks.
  • the coal mining device is connected to the coal transporting device 9 .
  • the coal transporting device 9 includes a coal transporting unit 91 , and the coal transporting unit 91 has a plurality of , the air inlet pipeline 1 includes an air inlet pipe 12, and the air inlet pipe 12 has a plurality of coal transport units 91 corresponding to a plurality of air inlet pipes 12, each coal transport unit 91 and each air inlet pipe 12
  • a coal transport unit 91 and an air inlet pipe 12 are added to the coal transport device 9 outside the tunnel 200; when the coal mining device retreats, the coal transport unit 9 is removed from the coal transport device 9 outside the tunnel 200.
  • Unit 91 and air inlet duct 12 Unit 91 and air inlet duct 12.
  • the coal mining device includes a boring machine 8 , and the boring machine 8 is used to mine the coal seam in the tunnel 200 .
  • the coal transport unit 91 is connected to the boring machine 8 , and the coal excavated by the boring machine 8 can be transported to the outside of the tunnel 200 through the coal transport unit 91 .
  • the plurality of air inlet ducts 12 are connected to each other and the two adjacent air inlet ducts 12 are detachably connected. connected.
  • the plurality of coal transporting units 91 are connected to the plurality of air inlet pipes 12 in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the coal transporting device 9 has multiple sections
  • the air inlet pipe 1 has multiple sections.
  • the first fan 3 is located in the tunnel 200 .
  • the first fan 3 is disposed on the air inlet pipe 12 immediately adjacent to the tunnel boring machine 8 .
  • the first fan 3 is used to supply air into the tunnel 200 , so there is no need to disassemble this fan when the tunnel boring machine 8 advances or retreats. Section 12 into the air duct.
  • the coal transport unit 91 immediately adjacent to the boring machine 8 does not need to be disassembled.
  • Other coal transport units 91 and air inlet pipes 12 are selectively used according to the length of the tunnel 200 .
  • the open-pit mine edge-pressed coal mining method of the disclosed embodiment when the tunnel boring machine 8 continues to advance, a coal loading unit 91 is added to the coal transporting device 9 outside the tunnel 200, and a coal transportation unit 91 is added to the air inlet pipe 1 outside the tunnel 200. Install into the air duct 12.
  • the coal transport unit 91 is removed from the coal transport device 9 outside the tunnel 200, and the air inlet pipe 12 is removed from the air inlet pipe 1 outside the tunnel 200. Therefore, the open-pit side-side coal pressing mining method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can flexibly adjust the length of the coal mining device and the air inlet pipeline 1 according to the actual working conditions of the open-pit side-side, thereby improving coal mining efficiency.
  • the coal mining device may also be a continuous miner or other coal mining equipment.
  • the coal transport unit 91 moves in the left and right direction when working in the tunnel 200.
  • One end of the coal transport unit 91 is provided with a first connection part 914, and the other end of the coal transport unit 91 is provided with a second connection part. 915, two adjacent coal transport units 91 are connected through the first connection part 914 and the second connection part 915.
  • first connecting part 914 and the second connecting part 915 are connected together by snapping or hooking. This facilitates the connection and separation of two adjacent coal transport units 91 .
  • the coal mining device includes a boring machine 8.
  • the boring machine 8 includes a boring machine 8 body and a cutting assembly 81.
  • the cutting assembly 81 is swingably provided on the boring machine 8 body.
  • the air inlet pipeline 1 includes a The connecting pipe 11 and a plurality of air inlet pipes 12 are connected.
  • the connecting pipe 11 is connected to the air inlet pipe 12.
  • the connecting pipe 11 is fixed on the cutting assembly 81 of the tunnel boring machine 8.
  • the connecting pipe 11 is swingably connected to the air inlet pipe 12 for easy operation.
  • the cutting assembly 81 swings. Further, the cutting assembly 81 is provided at the right end of the boring machine 8.
  • the cutting assembly 81 is used for mining side coal.
  • the cutting assembly 81 can swing relative to the body of the boring machine 8 to mine side coal at different locations.
  • the connecting pipe 11 is fixed on the cutting assembly 81. Therefore, the connecting pipe 11 can blow air to the coal face in time when the cutting assembly 81 mines side coal, so as to dilute the gas released in the coal seam near the coal mining face 201. and other harmful gases.
  • a flexible section is provided between the connecting pipe 11 and the air inlet pipe 12 so that the connecting pipe 11 swings relative to the air inlet pipe 12 .
  • the flexible section must be a skeleton air duct so that the connecting pipe 11 can move relative to the air inlet pipe 12 .
  • a flexible section is provided between two adjacent sections of the air inlet duct 12 so that one section of the air inlet duct 12 can move relative to the other section of the air inlet duct 12 .
  • the air inlet duct 12 may be a frame air duct or a steel air duct. In some embodiments, the air inlet duct 12 uses a steel air duct.
  • the width dimension of the tunnel 200 is smaller than the height dimension of the tunnel 200, and the connecting pipe 11 is provided above the cutting assembly 81, resulting in a compact structure.
  • the connecting pipe 11 is also provided with a flow guide (not shown in the figure), and the flow guide is provided at the right end of the connecting pipe 11 . Therefore, the flow guide is used to facilitate further adjustment of the air inlet pipeline 1
  • the air outlet angle is in order to accurately control the air outlet angle of the air inlet duct 1.
  • the air guide includes a plurality of air guide vanes and a air guide driver.
  • the air guide driver can be used to drive the plurality of air guide vanes to rotate, thereby flexibly adjusting the air outlet angle of the air inlet duct 1 .
  • the cutting assembly 81 includes a cutting arm and a cutting head, and the outlet of the connecting pipe 11 is located in the middle of the cutting arm so as to rise and fall as the cutting arm rises and falls, thereby ensuring that the fresh air flow directly blows to the cutting arm. Cutting head.
  • the outlet of the connecting pipe 11 can be made into a rectangular outlet with the same width as the cutting arm.
  • the coal transport unit 91 includes a coal transport component 911 and a driving component 912 .
  • the coal transport component 911 is fixed on the driving component 912 .
  • the coal transport component 911 is used to transport side coal from the tunnel 200
  • the coal transport unit 91 is transported from the inside to the outside of the tunnel 200, and the driving component 912 is used to drive the coal transport unit 91 to move. Therefore, the coal transporting component 911 can be used to transport side coal from inside the tunnel 200 to the outside of the tunnel 200 , and the driving component 912 can be used to adjust the position of the coal transporting unit 91 so that the coal transporting unit 91 can move inside and outside the tunnel 200 .
  • the coal carrying component 911 is provided above the driving component 912, the coal transporting component 911 is a conveyor belt, and the driving component 912 is a trolley with wheels and an explosion-proof engine.
  • the coal transportation unit 91 further includes a fixed frame 913 , and the air inlet pipe 12 is provided on the fixed frame 913 and is spaced apart from the coal transportation component 911 .
  • the fixing bracket 913 is used to fix the air inlet pipe 12.
  • the fixing bracket 913 is annular and is provided with multiple fixing brackets 913.
  • the multiple fixing brackets 913 are spaced apart along the left and right directions on the coal carrying part 911.
  • each fixing bracket 913 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral surface of the air inlet pipe 12 .
  • the fixing bracket 913 is a rack extending along the left and right directions, and the fixing bracket 913 is fixedly connected to the air inlet duct 12 .
  • the fixing racks 913 may be provided on both sides of the coal transporting component 911 .
  • the fixing racks 913 are disposed between the coal transporting component 911 and the rock wall of the tunnel 200 .
  • the fixing bracket 913 is used to facilitate fixing the air inlet pipe 12, thereby facilitating the air inlet pipe 12 to guide air stably into the tunnel 200.
  • the open-pit mine side-pressure coal mining method further includes:
  • a gas concentration sensor (not shown in the figure) is provided on the tunnel boring machine 8 in the tunnel 200, and a controller and alarm are installed on the tunnel boring machine 8 or outside the tunnel 200.
  • the gas concentration sensor can transmit the collected information to controller. If the controller determines that the value detected by the gas concentration sensor exceeds the preset gas concentration, the controller controls the alarm to sound a first-level warning to remind the operator to take relevant measures in a timely manner.
  • the open-pit mine side-pressure coal mining method also includes: after issuing a first-level warning, stopping coal mining in the tunnel 200, stopping coal transportation outside the tunnel 200, and increasing the air volume and air volume of the exhaust pipe 2. The air volume of exhaust pipe 2.
  • the alarm sounds a first-level warning, the coal mining and coal transportation operations stop, and the second fan 4 accelerates to increase the wind speed in the exhaust pipe 2, thereby promptly moving the tunnel 200 of gas discharge.
  • the open-pit mine side-pressure coal mining method further includes:
  • the wind speed in the air inlet pipe 1 in the tunnel 200 is detected and recorded as the first wind speed.
  • the wind speed in the air inlet duct 1 outside the tunnel 200 is detected and recorded as the second wind speed.
  • a first wind speed sensor is arranged on the air inlet duct 12 where the first fan 3 is located, the first wind speed sensor is arranged adjacent to the first fan 3, and a second wind speed sensor is arranged on each remaining section of the air inlet duct 12.
  • the first wind speed sensor works, and the second wind speed sensor located on the air inlet pipe 12 at the leftmost end of the air inlet pipeline 1 works.
  • the first wind speed sensor is used to detect the wind speed in the air inlet duct 1 located in the tunnel 200.
  • the first wind speed sensor is used to detect the outlet wind speed of the air inlet duct 1
  • the second wind speed sensor is used to detect the inlet air
  • the wind speed at the left end of the pipeline 1 can be understood as the second wind speed sensor used to detect the inlet wind speed of the air inlet pipeline 1 . Since the first wind speed sensor is disposed adjacent to the first fan 3 and the second wind speed sensor is disposed far away from the first fan 3, the first wind speed is always greater than the second wind speed.
  • the first wind speed sensor and the second wind speed sensor are both electrically connected to the controller.
  • the preset value is 4% to 6% of the first wind speed, etc., if the controller detects that the difference between the first wind speed minus the second wind speed is greater than or equal to 4% of the first wind speed, or the controller If it is detected that the difference between the first wind speed minus the second wind speed is greater than or equal to 5% of the first wind speed, or the controller detects that the difference between the first wind speed minus the second wind speed is greater than or equal to 6% of the first wind speed, it means there is When abnormal conditions occur, the alarm will sound a secondary warning to remind workers to conduct inspections.
  • first-level early warning and second-level early warning have different ringtones, so that operators can take different countermeasures according to different ringtones.
  • the side-pressed coal mining method in an open-pit mine utilizes the first wind speed and the second wind speed to timely detect whether there are any abnormal situations during the mining process, thereby facilitating the improvement of coal mining safety.
  • the open-pit mine side-pressure coal mining method further includes:
  • the difference between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is greater than or equal to the preset value, and the real-time gas concentration in the tunnel 200 is less than or equal to the preset gas concentration, check the incoming gas outside the tunnel 200 Is the air duct 1 damaged?
  • the difference between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is greater than or equal to the preset value, and the real-time gas concentration in the tunnel 200 is greater than the preset gas concentration, coal mining in the tunnel 200 is stopped. , stop transporting coal to the outside of the tunnel 200, increase the wind speed of the exhaust, and then check whether the air inlet pipe 1 in the tunnel 200 is damaged.
  • the side-pressure coal mining method of an open-pit mine can determine a variety of unexpected situations by using the detected first wind speed and second wind speed and real-time gas concentration.
  • the second wind speed is less than the first wind speed and the difference between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is greater than or equal to 5% of the first wind speed, it means that the first wind speed is normal and the second wind speed is abnormal, that is, the air inlet pipe There is a disconnect in path 1.
  • the real-time gas concentration in the tunnel 200 is less than or equal to the preset gas concentration, it means that the gas concentration in the tunnel 200 is normal, which means that the air inlet and exhaust in the tunnel 200 remain normal at this time, that is, the air flow path remains normal, which means the air inlet pipe
  • the disconnection location of road 1 is outside lane 200.
  • the second wind speed is less than the first wind speed and the difference between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is greater than or equal to 5% of the first wind speed, it means that the first wind speed is normal and the second wind speed is abnormal, that is, the air inlet pipe There is a disconnect in path 1.
  • the real-time gas concentration in the tunnel 200 is greater than the preset gas concentration, indicating that the air flow path in the tunnel 200 is abnormal at this time. Most of the gas has been circulating in the tunnel 200. At this time, in the tunnel 200, the air flows from the air inlet pipe 1 enters from the left end and flows out from the right end of the air inlet pipeline 1, that is, the disconnection position of the air inlet pipeline 1 is inside the tunnel 200.
  • the difference between the first wind speed and the second wind speed is less than 5% of the first wind speed, it means that the air inlet in the air inlet duct 1 is normal.
  • the real-time gas concentration in the tunnel 200 is greater than the preset gas concentration, it means that gas spurting occurs in the tunnel 200.
  • the coal mining and coal transportation operations will be stopped immediately, and the power of the first motor and the second motor will be increased. rotation speed, thereby accelerating the dilution of the gas in the tunnel 200 and discharging the gas in the tunnel 200 in a timely manner.
  • the open-pit coal mining method with edge support also includes: stopping air intake and exhaust after a preset time after coal mining ends. Inert gas is introduced into the tunnel 200 and the tunnel entrance 202 is sealed.
  • the coal mining equipment stops working, calculates the time when the last wave of airflow containing harmful substances reaches the tunnel entrance 202, and then delays the stop of the first fan 3 and the second fan 4, so as to minimize the
  • the harmful substances in the tunnel 200 are discharged from the tunnel 200, thereby controlling the concentration of harmful substances in the tunnel 200 within a safe range.
  • the air inlet and exhaust are stopped at this time, so as to discharge the harmful substances in the tunnel 200 out of the tunnel 200 as much as possible. Then, the concentration of harmful substances in the tunnel 200 is controlled within a safe range.
  • inert gases such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.
  • inert gases can also be introduced into the tunnel 200 through the air inlet pipe 1 to prevent the occurrence of coal in the tunnel 200.
  • Spontaneous combustion phenomenon After the coal mining device, coal transporting device 9 and other equipment are all withdrawn from the tunnel 200, the tunnel entrance 202 is sealed in time to prevent harmful substances in the tunnel 200 from leaking into the atmosphere.
  • There are various measures to seal the tunnel entrance 202 for example, building a brick wall at the tunnel 200 exit, or filling with filler, etc.
  • the side-bump coal mining method of open-pit mines can improve the safety of coal mines mined in open-pit side-bricks.
  • the open-pit coal mining method also includes: detecting the real-time dust concentration adjacent to the damper 6 outside the preset dust concentration tunnel 200, and issuing an early warning if the dust concentration is greater than the preset dust concentration; increasing the exhaust air The air volume of pipe 2.
  • a dust concentration sensor (not shown in the figure) is arranged outside the tunnel 200 , the dust concentration sensor is arranged adjacent to the damper 6 , and the dust concentration sensor is arranged outside the damper 6 .
  • the dust concentration sensor can be used to detect the dust concentration in the atmosphere outside the damper 6, that is, the dust concentration in the air at the tunnel entrance 202.
  • the value of the dust concentration sensor is greater than the preset value, it means that the dust concentration in the tunnel 200 is too high.
  • the rotation speed of the second fan 4 is increased to improve the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust pipe 2. Therefore, the use of dust concentration sensors can improve the safety of the side-pressed coal mining method in open pit mines.
  • image information within the tunnel 200 is collected.
  • the coal mining device further includes an image acquisition component 82.
  • the image acquisition component 82 is provided on the tunnel boring machine 8.
  • the multiple image acquisition components 82 are electrically connected to the controller. Using the image acquisition component 82
  • the status information of the tunnel boring machine 8 is collected, and the controller is used to receive the information transmitted by the image acquisition component 82 so that the operator can observe the status of the tunnel boring machine 8 .
  • the operator can use the image acquisition component 82 to collect the working status of the tunnel boring machine 8; when the tunnel boring machine 8 fails, the operator can use the image acquisition component 82 to collect The information can initially determine the faulty component of the tunnel boring machine 8.
  • one of the image acquisition components 82 is arranged opposite to the right end of the connecting pipe 11 in the extension direction of the tunnel 200 . Therefore, the airflow in the air inlet duct 1 can blow away the dust on the image acquisition component 82, thereby preventing dust from accumulating on the image acquisition component 82, thereby ensuring that the image acquisition component 82 can capture a clear picture, which is convenient. The operator observes the status of the cutting assembly 81.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically limited.
  • connection In this disclosure, unless otherwise explicitly stated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection”, “fixing” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrated; it can be mechanically connected, electrically connected or communicable with each other; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction between two elements, Unless otherwise expressly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • a first feature being “on” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features may be in indirect contact through an intermediary. touch.
  • the terms “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature is above the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • "Below”, “below” and “beneath” the first feature to the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a smaller horizontal height than the second feature.
  • references to the terms “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “an example,” “specific examples,” or “some examples” or the like means that specific features are described in connection with the embodiment or example. , structures, materials, or features are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification unless they are inconsistent with each other.

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Abstract

一种露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，露天矿边帮压煤开采方法包括在巷道（200）内进行采煤；将煤块运输至巷道（200）外；向采煤工作面（201）吹风，同时，在巷道（200）的入口处抽风，以更换巷道（200）内的气体。

Description

露天矿边帮压煤开采方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为202210442576.8、申请日为2022年04月25日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本公开涉及煤矿开采技术领域，具体涉及一种露天矿边帮压煤开采方法。
背景技术
在地质易滑区的露天煤矿，为了防止滑坡等安全事故，一般采用缓倾斜边帮开采的方式。该种开采方式导致了边帮大量压煤，造成严重的资源浪费。边帮开采式是解决边帮压煤的主要方法，但是在开采的过程中，煤层会释放出瓦斯、粉尘等有害物质，不仅会影响作业人员的人身安全，而且容易对大气造成污染。
发明内容
本公开旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。
为此，本公开实施例提出一种露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，该露天矿边帮压煤开采方法的安全性能高。
本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法包括：
在巷道内进行采煤；
将煤块运输至所述巷道外；
向采煤工作面吹风，同时，在所述巷道的入口处抽风，以更换所述巷道内的气体。
本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法具有安全性能高和环保效果好等优点。
在一些实施例中，所述在巷道内进行采煤、所述向采煤工作面吹风和所述在巷道的入口处抽风的步骤同时进行。
在一些实施例中，露天矿边帮压煤开采方法还包括：在所述巷道的入口处安装风门，并使所述风门的外周壁与所述巷道的内周壁密封连接。
在一些实施例中，利用进风管路向所述采煤工作面吹风，所述进风管路具有在其延伸方向的第一端和第二端，所述第一端设在所述巷道外，所述第二端设在所述巷道内，所述第一端与所述风门之间的距离大于5米。
在一些实施例中，所述进风管路的右端设有第一风机，所述第一风机位于所述巷道内，用于向所述巷道内送风。
在一些实施例中，所述风门包括门帘、气囊、门框和风门驱动件；所述气囊设置在所述风门的外周侧与所述巷道的内周侧之间，所述气囊与所述门框相连，向所述气囊内充气以便在所述风门和所述巷道的接触部位形成有效的密封；所述门帘的下端形状与所 述进风管路的外周形状适配，从而限制出避让区以便所述进风管路穿过所述风门；所述风门驱动件设在所述风门的外侧，用于控制所述风门的开合。
在一些实施例中，利用排风管路排出所述巷道内的空气，所述排风管路的一端设在所述巷道外且与大气连通，所述排风管路的另一端与所述巷道内连通，且所述排风管路的风量大于所述进风管路的风量的1.2倍。
在一些实施例中，所述露天矿边帮压煤开采方法进一步包括：利用采煤装置进行采煤，利用运煤装置运输所述煤块。所述采煤装置与所述运煤装置相连，所述运煤装置包括多个运煤单元，所述进风管路包括多个进风管。多个所述运煤单元与多个所述进风管一一对应，每个所述运煤单元与每个所述进风管相连。在所述采煤装置前进的情况下，在所述巷道外的所述运煤装置上加装所述运煤单元与所述进风管；在所述采煤装置后退的情况下，从所述巷道外的所述运煤装置上拆卸所述运煤单元与所述进风管。
在一些实施例中，所述采煤装置包括掘进机，所述掘进机包括掘进机本体和截割组件，所述截割组件可摆动地设在掘进机本体上；所述进风管路进一步包括一个连接管，所述连接管与所述进风管连通，所述连接管固定在所述截割组件上，所述连接管可摆动地与所述进风管相连以便随截割组件摆动，所述连接管用于在所述截割组件开采边帮煤时向所述采煤工作面吹风。
在一些实施例中，所述连接管上设有导流件，所述导流件设置在所述连接管的右端，用于调节所述进风管路的出风角度。
在一些实施例中，所述露天矿边帮压煤开采方法还包括：
检测所述巷道内瓦斯的实时瓦斯浓度；
在所述实时瓦斯浓度大于预设瓦斯浓度的情况下，发出一级预警。
在一些实施例中，所述露天矿边帮压煤开采方法还包括：发出所述一级预警后，停止在所述巷道内进行采煤，停止向所述巷道外运煤，增大所述排风管路的风量和所述进风管路的风量。
在一些实施例中，露天矿边帮压煤开采方法还包括：
检测所述巷道内的所述进风管路中的风速，并记为第一风速；
检测所述巷道外的所述进风管路中的风速，并记为第二风速；
在所述第一风速和所述第二风速的差值大于或等于预设数值的情况下，发出二级预警。
在一些实施例中，所述预设数值为第一风速的4％至6％。
在一些实施例中，露天矿边帮压煤开采方法还包括：在所述第二风速小于所述第一风速、所述第一风速与所述第二风速的差值大于或等于所述预设数值以及所述巷道内的实时瓦斯浓度小于或等于所述预设瓦斯浓度的情况下，检查所述巷道外的所述进风管路是否破损；
在所述第二风速小于所述第一风速、所述第一风速与所述第二风速的差值大于或等于所述预设数值以及所述巷道的内实时瓦斯浓度大于所述预设瓦斯浓度的情况下，停止 在所述巷道内进行采煤，停止向所述巷道外运煤，并加大抽风的风速，然后再检查所述巷道内的进风管路是否破损；
在所述第一风速和所述第二风速的差值小于所述预设数值，且所述巷道内的实时瓦斯浓度大于所述预设瓦斯浓度的情况下，停止在所述巷道内进行采煤，停止向所述巷道外运煤，并加大所述进风管路的风量和所述排风管路的风量。
附图说明
图1是本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法的采煤装置、运煤装置进风管路和排风管路的示意图。
图2是本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法的运煤单元和进风管的示意图。
图3是本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法的风门的示意图。
图4是本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法的风门与风门驱动件的结构示意图。
图5是本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法的风门与另一个风门驱动件的结构示意图。
附图标记：
进风管路1；连接管11；进风管12；排风管路2；第一风机3；第二风机4；除尘组件5；除尘器51；料斗52；
风门6；排风口61；避让区62；门帘63；气囊64；门框65；
风门驱动件7；回转油缸71；连杆72；支撑架73；
掘进机8；截割组件81；图像采集组件82；运煤装置9；运煤单元91；运煤部件911；驱动部件912；固定架913；第一连接部914；第二连接部915；步进平台10；
巷道200；采煤工作面201；巷道入口202。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本公开的实施例，实施例的示例在附图中示出。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本公开，而不能理解为对本公开的限制。
如图1至5所示，本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法包括本领域技术人员可知的，在巷道200内开采煤矿时，巷道200内会出现大量的粉尘、瓦斯、一氧化碳等有毒有害物质，从而不仅会对大气造成污染，而且危害作业人员的生命安全。
本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法包括：
在巷道200内进行采煤。
将煤块运输至巷道200外。
向采煤工作面201吹风，同时，在巷道200的入口处抽风，以更换巷道200内的气体。
利用本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法开采边帮煤矿时，首先在露天矿边帮上挖出巷道200，然后在巷道200内进行采煤作业和运煤作业。可以理解的是，根据实 际的工况，采煤作业和运煤作业可以同时进行，例如，在采煤的同时将煤块运输至巷道200外面。在一些实施例中，采煤作业和运煤作业也可以不同时进行，例如，在采煤作业进行的时候，运煤作业停止；或者在进行运煤作业时，采煤作业停止。
利用本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法开采边帮煤矿时，还需要进行通风除尘作业，将巷道200外的新鲜气流输送至采煤工作面201附近，同时在巷道入口202处抽风，从而降低巷道200内的粉尘、瓦斯、一氧化碳等有毒有害物质的浓度，进而及时更换巷道200内的空气，以便将粉尘、瓦斯、一氧化碳等有毒有害物质从巷道200内排出。
例如，在采煤工作面201附近1米至5米处吹风。在巷道入口202处抽风，或者在巷道200内距离巷道入口202处10米内的范围内抽风。
需要说明的是，根据实际工况，通风除尘作业与采煤作业可以同时进行，也可以不同时进行。通风除尘作业与运煤作业可以同时进行，也可以不同时进行。
在相关技术中，为了确保边帮开采过程中的通风安全，将氮气注入边帮的巷道200内，以便减小巷道200内氧气含量，从而保证通风安全，但是该方式存在经济费用高、粉尘无法及时处理等问题。在另一种相关技术中，采用抽风和除尘的方式，可以吸走巷道200内粉尘并进行净化。但是受到巷道200内设备尺寸限制，无法对掘进机8的截割头处产生的瓦斯和粉尘及时进行处理，从而会造成一定的安全隐患。
利用本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法在开采边帮煤矿时，无需作业人员进入巷道200内，且本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法可以防止巷道200内的粉尘或瓦斯等有害物质向大气中扩散，从而不仅提高了作业安全，而且保证了边帮压煤的安全绿色开采。
因此，本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法具有安全性能高和环保效果好等优点。在一些实施例中，本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法还包括对从巷道200内抽出的气体进行除尘。
例如，如图1所示，在巷道200外设置除尘组件5，除尘组件5包括除尘器51和料斗52，料斗52与除尘器51相连且位于除尘器51的下方，料斗52与除尘器51密封连接。将从巷道200内抽出的气体通入除尘组件5中，被除尘器51过滤的粉尘在重力的作用下掉入料斗52中，以便回收利用，从而不仅可以避免粉尘污染大气，而且可以提高资源利用率。
在一些实施例中，在巷道200内进行采煤、向采煤工作面201吹风和在巷道200的入口处抽风的步骤同时进行。由此，在进行采煤作业同时进行运煤作业，以便及时将开采出的煤矿从巷道200内及时运输至巷道200外面，而且采煤作业、运煤作业和通风除尘作业同时进行，从而将采煤作业和运煤作业过程中产生的粉尘、瓦斯、一氧化碳等有毒有害物质及时排出，减少甚至避免有害物质在巷道200内停留的时间，从而保证采煤作业和运煤作业的正常运行，进而提高采煤效率。
在一些实施例中，露天矿边帮压煤开采方法还包括：在巷道200的入口处安装风门 6，并使风门6的外周壁与巷道200的内周壁密封连接。
例如，如图1所示，将风门6设在巷道入口202处，由此，本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，利用风门6可以保证在巷道入口202处形成有效的风墙，从而抑制巷道200内的粉尘或瓦斯等有害物质向巷道200外扩散，进而提高本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法的安全性。
在一些实施例中，风门6设在巷道200内，且风门6与巷道入口202之间的距离小于3m。
在一些实施例中，利用进风管路1向采煤工作面201吹风，进风管路1具有在其延伸方向的第一端和第二端，第一端设在巷道200外，第二端设在巷道200内，第一端与风门6之间的距离大于5米。
例如，如图1所示，进风管路1的延伸方向与图1中所示的左右方向一致，进风管路1的第一端为进风管路1的左端，进风管路1的第二端为进风管路1的右端。进风管路1的左端位于巷道200外面且与大气连通，进风管路1的右端设在采煤工作面201附近。在左右方向上，进风管路1的左端与风门6之间的距离大于5米。由此，可以避免风门6附近带有粉尘的空气通过进风管路1的左端进入巷道200内，从而保证进风管路1中的空气是新鲜空气，进而提高露天矿边帮压煤开采方法的除尘效率。
需要说明的是，在进风管路1的右端设有第一风机3，第一风机3位于巷道200内，利用第一风机3便于将巷道200外的气流引入巷道200内。
在一些实施例中，第一风机3和第二风机4为轴流风机。
在一些实施例中，利用排风管路2排出巷道200内的空气，排风管路2的一端设在巷道200外且与大气连通，排风管路2的另一端与巷道200内连通，且排风管路2的风量大于进风管路1的风量。
例如，如图1所示，排风管路2的右端能够与巷道200内连通，排风管路2的左端与除尘组件5相连，巷道200内的有害物质在巷道200内被稀释后通过排风管路2进入除尘组件5内，除尘组件5可以过滤掉粉尘等固体颗粒物，由于瓦斯和一氧化碳等有毒气体已经被稀释到安全范围内，所以不用担心瓦斯、一氧化碳等有害气体会危害到作业人员的安全。
排风管路2的排风量大于进风管路1的进风量的1.2倍，例如，排风管路2的排风量是进风管路1的进风量的1.2倍、1.3倍、2倍、3倍等。由此，本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法可以保证巷道200内的粉尘或瓦斯等有害物质可以全部通过排风管路2进入大气中，从而避免粉尘或瓦斯等有害物质通过巷道入口202进入大气中，环保效果好。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，在风门6上设有排风口61和避让区62，排风口61与排风管道连通，避让区62便于进风管路1穿过。排风口61和避让区62的位置根据排风管路2和进风管路1的相对位置设计，例如，排风管路2设在进风管路1上方，则排风口61设在避让区62的上方；或者，排风管路2与进风管路1在同一高度设置，则 排风口61与避让区62在同一高度设置。
在一些实施例中，由于巷道200的宽度有限，排风管路2设在进风管路1上方，排风口61设在避让区62的上方，由此，本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法的风门6结构紧凑，便于和巷道200的宽度适配。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，风门6的外周侧与巷道200的内周侧之间设有气囊64以对风门6和巷道200密封。例如，在风门6的外周侧固定有气囊64，当露天矿边帮压煤开采方法工作时，向气囊64内充气以便在风门6和巷道200的接触部位形成有效的密封，从而提高风门6的密封性能，从而避免巷道200内的粉尘或瓦斯等有害物质向巷道200外扩散，进而提高本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法的安全性。
在一些实施例中，如图3至图5所示，风门6包括门帘63、门框65和风门驱动件7，气囊64与门框65相连，门帘63的下端形状与进风管路1的外周形状适配，从而限制出避让区62以便进风管路1穿过风门6。风门驱动件7设在风门6的外侧，以便控制风门6的开合。
风门6在工作时，利用风门驱动件7将风门6驱动至巷道入口202处，然后向气囊64中充气，使得气囊64与巷道200的内周壁贴合，从而减少巷道200内粉尘或者瓦斯泄露至巷道200外面。利用门帘63对进风管路1附近进行遮挡，即保证进风管路1的正常使用，又可以进一步减少巷道200内粉尘或者瓦斯泄露至巷道200外面。在开采工作结束后，释放气囊64内的空气，并利用风门驱动件7将风门6从巷道入口202处移走。
在一些实施例中，风门驱动件7为液压油缸。液压油缸的数量可以为多个，多个液压油缸间隔布置。
因为风门6上设有避让区62，所以风门6不可能完全封死巷道入口202，在巷道200外侧，距离风门6越近的位置，空气中的粉尘浓度越高。
如图4所示，在一些实施例中，风门驱动件7包括两个结构相同的伸缩件件，以便控制风门6在左右方向上移动。
如图5所示，在一些实施例中，风门驱动件7包括回转油缸71、连杆72和支撑架73。回转油缸71固定在步进平台10上，连杆72的一端与回转油缸71相连，连杆72的另一端通过焊接的方式与风门6相连，连杆72的中部与支撑架73铰接，油缸伸出时，连杆72的右端相对支撑架73向上移动，从而带动风门6向上移动，使得风门6与巷道200分离。油缸缩回时，连杆72的右端相对支撑架73向下移动，从而带动风门6向下移动，进而与巷道200紧贴在一起。
在一些实施例中，运煤装置9还包括步进平台10，风门驱动件7与步进平台10相连，排风管路2固定在步进平台10上。
在一些实施例中，利用采煤装置进行采煤，利用运煤装置9运输煤块，采煤装置与运煤装置9相连，运煤装置9包括运煤单元91，运煤单元91具有多个，进风管路1包括进风管12，进风管12具有多个，多个运煤单元91与多个进风管12一一对应，每个 运煤单元91与每个进风管12相连，在采煤装置前进时，在巷道200外的运煤装置9上加装运煤单元91与进风管12；在采煤装置后退时，从巷道200外的运煤装置9上拆卸运煤单元91与进风管12。
例如，采煤装置包括掘进机8，利用掘进机8开采巷道200内的煤层。运煤单元91与掘进机8相连，掘进机8挖掘的煤块可以通过运煤单元91运输至巷道200外面。运煤单元91和进风管12均设有多个，相邻的两个运煤单元91可拆卸地相连，多个进风管12相互连通且相邻的两个进风管12可拆卸地相连。且多个运煤单元91与多个进风管12一一对应相连，换言之，运煤装置9具有多节，进风管路1具有多节。
需要说明的是，第一风机3设在巷道200内。在一些实施例中，第一风机3设在与掘进机8紧邻的进风管12上，第一风机3用于向巷道200内送风，所以在掘进机8前进或者后退时无需拆卸这一节进风管12。进一步地，在掘进机8前进或者后退时，与掘进机8紧邻的这一节运煤单元91也无需拆卸。其他的运煤单元91和进风管12根据巷道200的长度选择性使用。
本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，在掘进机8不断前进时，在巷道200外面向运煤装置9上加装运煤单元91，在巷道200外面向进风管路1上加装进风管12。在掘进机8不断后退时，在巷道200外面从运煤装置9上拆卸运煤单元91，在巷道200外面从进风管路1上拆卸进风管12。由此，本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法可以根据露天边帮的实际工况，灵活调整采煤装置和进风管路1的长度，从而提高采煤效率。
在一些实施例中，采煤装置也可以是连采机等其他采煤设备。
在一些实施例中，运煤单元91在巷道200内工作时，沿着左右方向移动，运煤单元91的一端设有第一连接部914，运煤单元91的另一端设有第二连接部915，相邻的两个运煤单元91通过第一连接部914与第二连接部915实现连接。
例如，第一连接部914和第二连接部915通过卡接或者钩挂配合连在一起。由此，方便相邻的两个运煤单元91的连接和分离。
在一些实施例中，采煤装置包括掘进机8，掘进机8包括掘进机8本体和截割组件81，截割组件81可摆动地设在掘进机8本体上，进风管路1包括一个连接管11和多个进风管12，连接管11与进风管12连通，连接管11固定在掘进机8的截割组件81上，连接管11可摆动地与进风管12相连以便随截割组件81摆动。进一步地，截割组件81设在掘进机8的右端，截割组件81用于开采边帮煤，截割组件81可以相对掘进机8本体摆动以便开采不同位置的边帮煤。连接管11固定在截割组件81上，由此，连接管11可在截割组件81开采边帮煤的时候及时向采煤面吹风，以便稀释采煤工作面201附近的煤层中释放的瓦斯等有害气体。
在一些实施例中，连接管11和进风管12之间设有柔性段，以便连接管11相对进风管12摆动。需要说明的是，柔性段必须是骨架风筒，以便连接管11相对进风管12移动。
在一些实施例中，相邻的两节进风管12之间设有柔性段，以便其中的一节进风管12相对另一节进风管12活动。
在一些实施例中，进风管12可以采用骨架风筒，也可以采用钢质风筒。在一些实施例中，进风管12采用钢质风筒。
可以理解的是，在通常情况下，巷道200的宽度尺寸小于巷道200的高度尺寸，将连接管11设在截割组件81的上面，结构紧凑。
在一些实施例中，连接管11上还设有导流件(图中未示出)，导流件设在连接管11的右端，由此，利用导流件便于进一步调节进风管路1的出风角度，以便精准控制进风管路1的出风角度。
在一些实施例中，导流件包括多个导流片和导流驱动器，利用导流驱动器可以驱动多个导流片转动，进而灵活地调节进风管路1的出风角度。
在一些实施例中，截割组件81包括截割臂和截割头，连接管11的出口设在截割臂的中部以便随着截割臂的升降而升降，从而保证新鲜风流直接吹向截割头处。
在一些实施例中，连接管11的出口可以做成与截割臂等宽的矩形出口。
在一些实施例中，如图2所示，运煤单元91包括运煤部件911和驱动部件912，运煤部件911固定在驱动部件912上，运煤部件911用于将边帮煤从巷道200内运输至巷道200外，驱动部件912用于驱动运煤单元91移动。由此，利用运煤部件911可以将边帮煤从巷道200内运输至巷道200外，利用驱动部件912便于调节运煤单元91的位置，以便运煤单元91在巷道200内外移动。
在一些实施例中，运煤部件911设在驱动部件912上方，运煤部件911为传送带，驱动部件912为带有轮子和防爆发动机的小车。
在一些实施例中，如图2所示，运煤单元91还包括固定架913，进风管12设在固定架913上且与运煤部件911间隔设置。固定架913用于固定进风管12，固定架913的结构有多种，例如固定架913是环形的且设有多个，多个固定架913沿着左右方向间隔设在运煤部件911上，每个固定架913与进风管12的外周面固定连接。在一些实施例中，固定架913是一个沿着左右方向延伸的架子，固定架913与进风管12固定连接。固定架913可以设在运煤部件911的两侧，例如，固定架913设在运煤部件911与巷道200的岩壁之间。在一些实施例中，当运煤单元91在巷道200内运行的时候，运煤单元91与巷道200的侧壁之间的空间较小，固定架913设在运煤部件911的上方，从而有利于节省巷道200内的空间。由此，利用固定架913便于固定进风管12，从而方便进风管12稳定的向巷道200内导风。
在一些实施例中，露天矿边帮压煤开采方法还包括：
检测巷道200内瓦斯的实时瓦斯浓度。
在实时瓦斯浓度大于预设瓦斯浓度的情况下，发出一级预警。
例如，在巷道200内的掘进机8上设置瓦斯浓度传感器(图中未示出)，在掘进机8上或者在巷道200外面设置控制器和警报器，瓦斯浓度传感器可以将采集的信息传递 给控制器。如果控制器判定瓦斯浓度传感器检测到的数值超过预设瓦斯浓度时，控制器控制警报器响起一级预警，提醒作业人员及时采取相关措施。
在一些实施例中，露天矿边帮压煤开采方法还包括：发出一级预警后，停止在巷道200内进行采煤，停止向巷道200外运煤，增大排风管路2的风量和排风管路2的风量。
当瓦斯浓度传感器大于预设瓦斯浓度时，警报器响起一级预警，采煤作业和运煤作业停止，第二风机4加速旋转以便增加排风管路2中的风速，进而及时将巷道200内的瓦斯排出。
在一些实施例中，露天矿边帮压煤开采方法还包括：
检测巷道200内的进风管路1中的风速，并记为第一风速。
检测巷道200外的进风管路1中的风速，并记为第二风速。
在第一风速和第二风速的差值大于或等于预设数值的情况下，发出二级预警。
例如，在第一风机3所在的进风管12上设置第一风速传感器，第一风速传感器邻近第一风机3设置，在剩下的每一节进风管12上设置第二风速传感器。利用本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法开采边帮煤矿时，第一风速传感器工作，位于进风管路1最左端的进风管12上的第二风速传感器工作。第一风速传感器用于检测位于巷道200内的进风管路1中的风速，可以理解为第一风速传感器用于检测进风管路1的出风风速，第二风速传感器用于检测进风管路1左端处的风速，可以理解为第二风速传感器用于检测进风管路1的进风风速。由于第一风速传感器邻近第一风机3设置，第二风速传感器远离第一风机3设置，所以第一风速始终大于第二风速。第一风速传感器和第二风速传感器均与控制器电性连接。
在一些实施例中，预设数值为第一风速的4％至6％等，如果控制器检测出第一风速减去第二风速的差值大于或等于第一风速的4％，或者控制器检测出第一风速减去第二风速的差值大于或等于第一风速5％，或者控制器检测出第一风速减去第二风速的差值大于或等于第一风速6％，则说明有异常情况出现，警报器响起二级预警以便提醒作业人员进行检查。
需要说明的是，一级预警和二级预警的铃声不同，以便作业人员根据不同的铃声采取不同的应对措施。
由此，本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法利用第一风速和第二风速，可以及时检测出开采过程中是否有异常情况出现，从而便于提高采煤的安全性。
在一些实施例中，露天矿边帮压煤开采方法还包括：
在第二风速小于第一风速、第一风速与第二风速的差值大于或等于预设数值以及巷道200内的实时瓦斯浓度小于或等于预设瓦斯浓度的情况下，检查巷道200外的进风管路1是否破损。
在第二风速小于第一风速、第一风速与第二风速的差值大于或等于预设数值以及巷道200的内实时瓦斯浓度大于预设瓦斯浓度的情况下，停止在巷道200内进行采煤，停止向巷道200外运煤，并加大抽风的风速，然后再检查巷道200内的进风管路1是否破 损。
在第一风速和第二风速的差值小于预设数值，且巷道200内的实时瓦斯浓度大于预设瓦斯浓度的情况下，停止在巷道200内进行采煤，停止向巷道200外运煤，并加大进风管路1的风量和排风管路2的风量。
例如，本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法利用检查到的第一风速和第二风速以及实时瓦斯浓度可以判定多种意外情况。
第一种，若第二风速小于第一风速、第一风速与第二风速的差值大于或等于第一风速的5％，则说明第一风速正常，第二风速不正常，即进风管路1中有断开。巷道200内的实时瓦斯浓度小于或等于预设瓦斯浓度，则说明巷道200内的瓦斯浓度正常，说明此时巷道200内进风和抽风保持正常，即空气流路保持正常，则说明进风管路1的断开位置在巷道200外面。
第二种，若第二风速小于第一风速、第一风速与第二风速的差值大于或等于第一风速的5％，则说明第一风速正常，第二风速不正常，即进风管路1中有断开。巷道200的内实时瓦斯浓度大于预设瓦斯浓度，说明此时巷道200内的空气流路不正常，大部分瓦斯一直在巷道200内循环流动，此时在巷道200内，空气从进风管路1的左端进入，从进风管路1的右端流出，即进风管路1的断开位置在巷道200里面。如果出现这种情况，立即停止采煤作业和运煤作业，并加大抽风的风速，将瓦斯排出后将采煤装置、运煤装置和进风管路1等设备拉出巷道200，检查巷进风管路1是否断开或者破损。
第三种，若第一风速和第二风速的差值小于第一风速的5％，则说明进风管路1中进风正常。此时若巷道200内的实时瓦斯浓度大于预设瓦斯浓度时，则说明巷道200内出现了瓦斯喷涌现象，此时立即停止采煤作业和运煤作业，增大第一电机和第二电机的转速，从而加速稀释巷道200内的气体，并及时将巷道200内的气体排出。
在一些实施例中，露天矿边帮压煤开采方法还包括：采煤结束预设时间后，停止进风和排风。并向巷道200内通入惰性气体，且密封巷道入口202。
例如，在采煤作业完成后，采煤装置停止工作，计算最后一波带有有害物质的气流到达巷道入口202处的时间，进而延迟停止第一风机3和第二风机4，从而尽可能的将巷道200内的有害物质排出巷道200，进而将巷道200内的有害物质浓度控制在安全范围之内。对于瓦斯浓度较高的巷道200，在采煤装置的移动至巷道入口202处的这段时间内，此时延迟停止进风和抽风，从而尽可能的将巷道200内的有害物质排出巷道200，进而将巷道200内的有害物质浓度控制在安全范围之内。
为了提高采煤的安全性，在采煤装置后撤过程中，还可以通过进风管路1向巷道200内通入惰性气体，例如，氮气、二氧化碳等，从而防止巷道200内的煤体出现自燃现象。当采煤装置、运煤装置9等设备全部从巷道200内撤出后，及时将巷道入口202封死，避免巷道200内的有害物质泄露至大气中。封死巷道入口202的措施有多种，例如，在巷道200出口处建造砖墙、或者填堵填充物等。
由此，本公开实施例的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法可以提高在露天边帮开采煤矿的安 全性。
在一些实施例中，露天矿边帮压煤开采方法还包括：检测预设粉尘浓度巷道200外邻近风门6位置的实时粉尘浓度，若粉尘浓度大于预设粉尘浓度，发出预警；增大排风管路2的风量。
例如，在巷道200外面设置粉尘浓度传感器(图中未示出)，粉尘浓度传感器邻近风门6设置，粉尘浓度传感器设在风门6外侧。利用粉尘浓度传感器可以检测风门6外侧的大气中的粉尘浓度，即巷道入口202处的空气中的粉尘浓度，当粉尘浓度传感器的数值大于预设数值时，则说明巷道200内的粉尘浓度过高，此时则加大第二风机4的转速，提高排风管路2的排风效率。由此，利用粉尘浓度传感器可以提高露天矿边帮压煤开采方法的安全性。
在一些实施例中，采集巷道200内的图像信息。例如，采煤装置还包括图像采集组件82，图像采集组件82设在掘进机8上，图像采集组件82设有多个，多个图像采集组件82和控制器电性连接，利用图像采集组件82采集掘进机8的状态信息，利用控制器接收图像采集组件82传输的信息，以便作业人员观测掘进机8的状态。例如，掘进机8在工作的时候，作业人员位于巷道200外面，作业人员利用图像采集组件82可以采集到掘进机8的工作状态；掘进机8在出故障的时候，利用图像采集组件82采集到的信息可以初步判断掘进机8出故障的部件。
进一步地，其中一个图像采集组件82与连接管11的右端在巷道200的延伸方向上相对布置。由此，进风管路1内的气流可以吹扫该图像采集组件82上的粉尘，从而避免粉尘堆积在该图像采集组件82上，进而保证该图像采集组件82可以采集到清晰的画面，方便作业人员观察截割组件81的状态。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本公开的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体地限定。
在本公开中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或彼此可通讯；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的 具体含义。
在本公开中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本公开的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本公开的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本公开的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，包括：
    在巷道内进行采煤；
    将煤块运输至所述巷道外；
    向采煤工作面吹风，同时，在所述巷道的入口处抽风，以更换所述巷道内的气体。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，其中，所述在巷道内进行采煤、所述向采煤工作面吹风和所述在巷道的入口处抽风的步骤同时进行。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，还包括：在所述巷道的入口处安装风门，并使所述风门的外周壁与所述巷道的内周壁密封连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，其中，利用进风管路向所述采煤工作面吹风，所述进风管路具有在其延伸方向的第一端和第二端，所述第一端设在所述巷道外，所述第二端设在所述巷道内，所述第一端与所述风门之间的距离大于5米。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，其中所述进风管路的右端设有第一风机，所述第一风机位于所述巷道内，用于向所述巷道内送风。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，其中所述风门包括门帘、气囊、门框和风门驱动件；所述气囊设置在所述风门的外周侧与所述巷道的内周侧之间，所述气囊与所述门框相连，向所述气囊内充气以便在所述风门和所述巷道的接触部位形成有效的密封；所述门帘的下端形状与所述进风管路的外周形状适配，从而限制出避让区以便所述进风管路穿过所述风门；所述风门驱动件设在所述风门的外侧，用于控制所述风门的开合。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，其中，利用排风管路排出所述巷道内的空气，所述排风管路的一端设在所述巷道外且与大气连通，所述排风管路的另一端与所述巷道内连通，且所述排风管路的风量大于所述进风管路的风量的1.2倍。
  8. 根据权利要求4至7中任一项所述的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，进一步包括：
    利用采煤装置进行采煤；
    利用运煤装置运输所述煤块；
    其中，所述采煤装置与所述运煤装置相连；所述运煤装置包括多个运煤单元，所述进风管路包括多个进风管；多个所述运煤单元与多个所述进风管一一对应，每个所述运煤单元与每个所述进风管相连；在所述采煤装置前进的情况下，在所述巷道外的所述运煤装置上加装所述运煤单元与所述进风管；在所述采煤装置后退的情况下，从所述巷道外的所述运煤装置上拆卸所述运煤单元与所述进风管。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，其中，所述采煤装置包括掘进机，所述掘进机包括掘进机本体和截割组件，所述截割组件可摆动地设在掘进机本体上；所述进风管路进一步包括一个连接管，所述连接管与所述进风管连通，所述连接管固定在所述截割组件上，所述连接管可摆动地与所述进风管相连以便随所述截割组件摆动，所述连接管用于在所述截割组件开采边帮煤时向所述采煤工作面吹风。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，其中，所述连接管上设有导流件，所述导流件设置在所述连接管的右端，用于调节所述进风管路的出风角度。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，还包括：
    检测所述巷道内瓦斯的实时瓦斯浓度；
    在所述实时瓦斯浓度大于预设瓦斯浓度的情况下，发出一级预警。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，还包括：发出所述一级预警后，停止在所述巷道内进行采煤，停止向所述巷道外运煤，增大所述排风管路的风量和所述进风管路的风量。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，还包括：
    检测所述巷道内的所述进风管路中的风速，并记为第一风速；
    检测所述巷道外的所述进风管路中的风速，并记为第二风速；
    在所述第一风速和所述第二风速的差值大于或等于预设数值的情况下，发出二级预警。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，其中，所述预设数值为所述第一风速的4％至6％。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的露天矿边帮压煤开采方法，还包括：
    在所述第二风速小于所述第一风速、所述第一风速与所述第二风速的差值大于或等于所述预设数值以及所述巷道内的实时瓦斯浓度小于或等于所述预设瓦斯浓度的情况下，检查所述巷道外的所述进风管路是否破损；
    在所述第二风速小于所述第一风速、所述第一风速与所述第二风速的差值大于或等于所述预设数值以及所述巷道的内实时瓦斯浓度大于所述预设瓦斯浓度的情况下，停止在所述巷道内进行采煤，停止向所述巷道外运煤，并加大抽风的风速，然后再检查所述巷道内的进风管路是否破损；
    在所述第一风速和所述第二风速的差值小于所述预设数值，且所述巷道内的实时瓦斯浓度大于所述预设瓦斯浓度的情况下，停止在所述巷道内进行采煤，停止向所述巷道外运煤，并加大所述进风管路的风量和所述排风管路的风量。
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CN114607439A (zh) * 2022-04-25 2022-06-10 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司 通风除尘系统和露天矿边帮开采设备
CN114645713A (zh) * 2022-04-25 2022-06-21 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司 露天矿边帮压煤开采方法

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