WO2018099261A1 - 一种高瓦斯矿井无氧工作面的回采方法 - Google Patents

一种高瓦斯矿井无氧工作面的回采方法 Download PDF

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WO2018099261A1
WO2018099261A1 PCT/CN2017/110669 CN2017110669W WO2018099261A1 WO 2018099261 A1 WO2018099261 A1 WO 2018099261A1 CN 2017110669 W CN2017110669 W CN 2017110669W WO 2018099261 A1 WO2018099261 A1 WO 2018099261A1
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oxygen
gas
working surface
sealing wall
flexible sealing
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PCT/CN2017/110669
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English (en)
French (fr)
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季明
郭红军
陈凯
张益东
程亮
张明磊
张宗良
郭文豪
赵永平
周长过
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中国矿业大学
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Priority to AU2017370096A priority Critical patent/AU2017370096B2/en
Publication of WO2018099261A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018099261A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • E21F17/103—Dams, e.g. for ventilation
    • E21F17/107—Dams, e.g. for ventilation inflatable
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F3/00—Cooling or drying of air
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
    • E21F5/20—Drawing-off or depositing dust

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  • the invention relates to a high-efficiency mining method for an oxygen-free working face of a mine, in particular to a mining method for an oxygen-free working face of a high-gas mine suitable for mining work, belonging to the field of mine gas accident prevention and high-efficiency mining technology.
  • Gas is one of the important factors that harm the safe production of mines.
  • Gas threats to mine safety mainly include explosions, protrusions and suffocation. Among them, gas coal dust explosion and coal and gas outburst seriously threaten the safety of underground personnel and mine facilities.
  • the gas explosion not only caused casualties, but also seriously damaged the roadway facilities, interrupted production, and even caused secondary disasters such as coal dust explosion, mine fires and collapse of wells.
  • the major accidents with a large number of deaths in the underground were mainly caused by gas explosions and gas outbursts. From 2001 to 2013, there were 1663 gas accidents and 9126 deaths, as shown in Table 1.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering the anaerobic working surface of a high gas mine with simple method, convenient operation and overcoming the potential threat of high gas mines, in view of the deficiencies in the existing mining technology.
  • the method for recovering the anaerobic working surface of the high gas mine of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • Advance support and flexible sealing wall are respectively arranged in the air inlet slot and the transport slot of the working surface to isolate the recovery space from the outside atmosphere;
  • the flexible sealing wall is composed of a wall, a flexible air bag and a wheel seat, and is sealed and moved by injecting a flexible air bag and reducing a gas injection rate or a temporary stop.
  • the distance of the flexible sealing wall leading face is d, and the range of d is 1.5D ⁇ d ⁇ 2D, where D is the length of the leading support.
  • the moving frequency and distance of the flexible sealing wall are coordinated with the advancing speed of the working surface, the working surface is advanced by d-1.5D, the flexible sealing wall is moved once, the moving distance is ⁇ d, and ⁇ d satisfies 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.5D.
  • the air conditioning unit comprises an air conditioner, a draw-out fan and a dust remover, and the draw-out fan and the nitrogen-making system form a ventilation loop, and the air conditioner and the dust remover cool and remove the dust on the working surface in real time.
  • the gas and temperature monitoring and monitoring system comprises five sets of test gas content and temperature sensors connected to each other, and the five sets of sensors are respectively arranged at the flexible sealing wall in the air inlet slot, at the lower corner, at the middle of the working surface, and at the upper jaw. At the corners and at the flexible closed wall in the transport slot.
  • the power supply is automatically cut off to stop the production operation.
  • the gas and temperature monitoring and monitoring system sends a warning signal and adopts strong cooling measures through the air conditioner to reduce the working environment temperature to 15-20 °C.
  • the flexible airbag can make the airtight contact with the surrounding rock of the roadway, and the sealing effect is good, and the sealing is moved backward with the working surface in real time, which reduces the nitrogen injection amount.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a recovery method for an oxygen-free working face of a high gas mine in the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the flexible closed wall.
  • Figure 3 is a front elevational view of a flexible closed wall.
  • the method for recovering the oxygen-free working face of the high gas mine of the present invention is as follows:
  • the front support 4 and the flexible sealing wall 6 are respectively disposed in the air inlet slot 2 and the transport slot 3 of the working surface 1 to isolate the recovery space from the outside atmosphere; the flexible sealing wall 6 is composed of the wall 10
  • the flexible airbag 11 and the wheel base 13 are configured to perform sealing and movement by injecting the flexible airbag 11 and reducing the gas injection rate or temporary stopping; the distance of the flexible sealing wall 6 leading the working surface 1 is d, and the range of d is 1.5.
  • D ⁇ d ⁇ 2D where D is the length of the advance support 4; the moving frequency and distance of the flexible sealing wall 6 are coordinated with the advancing speed of the working surface 1, the working surface is advanced by d-1.5D, and the flexible sealing wall 6 is moved once.
  • the moving distance is ⁇ d, and ⁇ d satisfies 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.5D.
  • the inlet air duct 2 is used for air inlet and transportation, and the flexible sealing wall 6 is similar to the damper, which can be used for pedestrians; the transport channel 3 is used for coal and return air, and the flexible sealing wall 6 is provided.
  • the transport of the belt 5 passes through the trough closed belt passage 14.
  • a nitrogen-making system 7 is disposed on the flexible sealing wall 6 in the inlet plenum 2, and an air-conditioning unit 8 is disposed on the flexible sealing wall 6 in the transport sump 3, and the extraction of the nitrogen-making system 7 and the air-conditioning unit 8 is started.
  • the ventilator forms a ventilation circuit and injects nitrogen into the closed working surface 1 without interruption.
  • the nitrogen generating system 7 continuously injects nitrogen into the enclosed space to form an oxygen-free working environment
  • the air conditioning unit 8 includes an air conditioner, a draw-out ventilator and a dust remover, and an extracting ventilator and a nitrogen-making system.
  • the ventilation circuit is formed, and the air conditioner and the dust collector cool and remove the working surface in real time.
  • the gas and temperature monitoring and monitoring system 9 includes five sets of sensors for testing gas content and temperature, 5 groups.
  • the sensors are respectively disposed at the flexible sealing wall 6 in the air inlet slot 2, at the lower corner, at the middle of the working surface 1, at the upper corner, and at the flexible sealing wall 6 in the transport slot 3;
  • the starting gas and the temperature monitoring system 9 are separately monitored, respectively, and the flexible sealing wall in the inlet air channel 2 is monitored.
  • Gas content and temperature at the flexible sealing wall 6 at 6 places, at the lower corner, at the middle of the working face 1, at the upper corner and in the transport slot 3, when the recovery space
  • the worker can bring the oxygen breathing device into the working surface 1 and start the mining operation.
  • the power supply is automatically cut off to stop the production operation;
  • the working surface 1 resumes production;
  • the air conditioner and the dust remover in the air conditioning unit 8 are started, the concentration of the dust in the working surface 1 is lowered, and the temperature of the working surface 1 is adjusted between 15 and 20 ° C, and the maximum temperature is not more than 26 ° C; when the working surface 1 When the temperature exceeds 26 °C, the gas and temperature monitoring and monitoring system 9 sends a warning signal and adopts strong cooling measures through the air conditioning unit 8, so that the working environment temperature is lowered to 15-20 ° C;
  • the flexible sealing wall 6 can be appropriately delayed without affecting the normal advancement of the working surface 1.
  • the flexible sealing wall 6 includes a wheel base 13 with a roller 12, and the wheel base 13 is provided with a wall 10, and the wall 10 is provided with a flexible air bag 11 around the wheel body 13 and the wall 10
  • the wheel base 13 is rotatable about the shaft by a shaft connection.
  • the wheel seat 13 of the flexible sealing wall 6 is rotated upward to disengage the roller 12 from the roadway bottom plate, and the gas injection device (such as a fan) is continuously injected into the flexible air bag 11 at the edge of the flexible sealing wall 6 to ensure the flexible sealing wall 6 and the roadway surrounding.
  • the rock contact is tight, so that the working surface is isolated from the outside atmosphere to form a closed space.
  • the wheel base 13 is rotated downward to make the roller 12 contact the floor of the roadway, and the gas injection rate or temporary stop is appropriately reduced, and the flexible sealing wall 6 is moved by pressure.
  • the moving frequency and distance of the flexible sealing wall 6 are coordinated with the advancing speed of the working surface 1, the working surface is advanced by d-1.5D, the flexible sealing wall 6 is moved once, the moving distance is ⁇ d, and ⁇ d satisfies 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.5D.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

一种高瓦斯矿井无氧工作面的回采方法，针对高瓦斯矿井未受扰动的首采煤层且煤层顶板裂隙未与地面导通的工作面（1），在进风顺槽（2）和运输顺槽（3）内分别设置柔性密闭墙（6），在对应顺槽的柔性密闭墙（6）上分别设置制氮系统（7）和空调机组（8），形成无氧作业环境，在回采空间内设置气体及温度监测监控系统（9），对气体含量和温度实时监测；当回采空间内的氧浓度低于5%时，开始回采作业，随着工作面（1）的推进移动柔性密闭墙（6），连续回采至停采线；当氧浓度达到或超过8%时，电源自动切断，停止生产作业；当回采空间内的温度超过26℃时，采取强制冷措施，使工作环境温度下降至15~20℃，有效避免了瓦斯事故发生，实现了工作面安全开采，易操作易实施。

Description

一种高瓦斯矿井无氧工作面的回采方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种矿井无氧工作面高效回采方法，尤其是一种适用于回采工作的一种高瓦斯矿井无氧工作面的回采方法，属矿井瓦斯事故防治及高效开采技术领域，
背景技术
瓦斯是危害矿井安全生产的重要因素之一。瓦斯对矿井安全的威胁主要有爆炸、突出和窒息等形式，其中瓦斯煤尘爆炸和煤与瓦斯突出严重威胁着井下人员生命和矿井设施的安全。瓦斯爆炸不仅造成人员伤亡，而且严重摧毁井巷设施、中断生产，甚至还会引起煤尘爆炸、矿井火灾及井巷垮塌等二次灾害。根据国家煤监局事故统计，井下一次死亡人数较多的重大事故主要由瓦斯爆炸和瓦斯突出引起，2001～2013年全国共发生瓦斯事故1663起，死亡9126人，具体见表1。
表1 2001～2013年煤矿瓦斯事故统计
Figure PCTCN2017110669-appb-000001
2001～2004年我国煤矿瓦斯事故一直处于高发状态，2004年以后呈稳步下降趋势，但占全国煤矿事故总次数比重一直在增大；瓦斯事故死亡人数在2003年之后稳步下降，占全国煤矿事故死亡总人数比重始终居高不下，这意味着我们所面临的瓦斯治理形势依然 严峻。
近年来，我国矿井开采深度越来越大，瓦斯赋存量也随之急剧增加，导致瓦斯灾害愈显突出。因此，降低或解除瓦斯对矿井安全生产的威胁具有重要意义。
发明内容
技术问题：本发明的目的是针对现有开采技术中存在的不足，提供一种方法简单、操作方便、克服高瓦斯矿井潜在威胁的一种高瓦斯矿井无氧工作面的回采方法。
技术方案：本发明的高瓦斯矿井无氧工作面的回采方法，包括如下步骤：
a.选择高瓦斯矿井未受扰动的首采煤层且煤层顶板裂隙未与地面导通的工作面；
b.在工作面的进风顺槽和运输顺槽内分别设置超前支护和柔性密闭墙，使回采空间与外界大气隔绝；
c.在进风顺槽内的柔性密闭墙上设置制氮系统，通过制氮系统不断向封闭空间内注入氮气，使工作面形成无氧作业环境，在运输顺槽内的柔性密闭墙上设置空调机组；
d.在回采空间内设置气体及温度监测监控系统，对气体含量和温度进行实时监测；
e.当回采空间内的氧浓度低于5％时，开始回采作业，随着工作面的推进移动柔性密闭墙，直至柔性密闭墙移到进风顺槽和运输顺槽的巷口为止，工作面继续回采直至停采线。
所述的柔性密闭墙由墙体、柔性气囊和轮座构成，通过对柔性气囊进行注气和减小注气速率或临时停注实现密封和移动。
所述柔性密闭墙超前工作面的距离为d，d的范围为1.5D＜d＜2D，其中D为超前支护的长度。
所述柔性密闭墙的移动频次和距离与工作面的推进速度相互协调，工作面推进d-1.5D，柔性密闭墙移动一次，移动距离为Δd，Δd满足0＜Δd＜0.5D。
所述的空调机组包括空调机、抽出式通风机和除尘器，抽出式通风机与制氮系统形成通风回路，空调机和除尘器实时对工作面进行降温和除尘。
所述的气体及温度监测监控系统包括相互连通的5组测试气体含量及温度的传感器，5组传感器分别设在进风顺槽内的柔性密闭墙处、下隅角处、工作面中部、上隅角处和运输顺槽内的柔性密闭墙处。
当回采空间内的氧浓度达到或超过8％时，电源自动切断，停止生产作业。
当回采空间内的温度超过26℃时，气体及温度监测监控系统发出警示信号并通过空调机采取强制冷措施，使工作环境温度下降至15～20℃。
有益效果：本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下优点：
(1)操作简单，易实施易协调。工作面推进过程中，制氮系统和空调机组根据气体及温度监测监控系统实时调节、自动控制，密闭可适当滞后超前支护跟进而后移，保证定空间无氧作业环境即可。
(2)密闭严实、可移动。采用柔性气囊可使密闭与巷道围岩密实接触，封闭效果好，且密闭随工作面推进实时后移，减少了制氮注氮量。
(3)降温除尘，良好作业环境。通过空调机组对工作面矿尘不间断抽吸、温度实时 调控，创造了适合人员作业、机械设备运行的工作环境。
(4)实用性强，可靠性高。有效解决了工作面瓦斯聚集、发火和爆炸等事故，保障了工作人员生命安全和井下设备安全。
(5)降本创收。降低了瓦斯防治和治理费用，提高了工作面生产效率，增加了企业的经济效益。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种高瓦斯矿井无氧工作面的回采方法布置示意图。
图2为柔性密闭墙俯视图。
图3为柔性密闭墙正视图。
图中：1-工作面；2-进风顺槽；3-运输顺槽；4-超前支护；5-皮带；6-柔性密闭墙；7-制氮系统；8-空调机组；9-气体及温度监测监控系统；10-墙体；11-柔性气囊；12-滚轮；13-轮座；14-运输顺槽密闭皮带通道。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图中实施例对本发明作进一步的描述：
如图1所示，本发明的高瓦斯矿井无氧工作面的回采方法，具体步骤如下：
a.选择高瓦斯矿井未受扰动的首采煤层且煤层顶板裂隙未与地面导通的工作面1；
b.在工作面1的进风顺槽2和运输顺槽3内分别设置超前支护4和柔性密闭墙6，使回采空间与外界大气隔绝；所述的柔性密闭墙6由墙体10、柔性气囊11和轮座13构成，通过对柔性气囊11进行注气和减小注气速率或临时停注实现密封和移动；柔性密闭墙6超前工作面1的距离为d，d的范围为1.5D＜d＜2D，其中D为超前支护4的长度；柔性密闭墙6的移动频次和距离与工作面1的推进速度相互协调，工作面推进d-1.5D，柔性密闭墙6移动一次，移动距离为Δd，Δd满足0＜Δd＜0.5D。进风顺槽2用于进风和运料，安设的柔性密闭墙6类似风门，可以对开行人；运输顺槽3用于出煤和回风，安设的柔性密闭墙6下留有皮带5通过的运输顺槽密闭皮带通道14。
c.在进风顺槽2内的柔性密闭墙6上设置制氮系统7，在运输顺槽3内的柔性密闭墙6上设置空调机组8，启动制氮系统7和空调机组8中的抽出式通风机，形成通风回路，且不间断向封闭的工作面1注入氮气。通过制氮系统7不断向封闭空间内注入氮气，使工作面1形成无氧作业环境，所述的空调机组8包括空调机、抽出式通风机和除尘器，抽出式通风机与制氮系统7形成通风回路，空调机和除尘器实时对工作面进行降温和除尘。
d.在回采空间内设置气体及温度监测监控系统9，对气体含量和温度进行实时监测；所述的气体及温度监测监控系统9包括相互连通的5组测试气体含量及温度的传感器，5组传感器分别设在进风顺槽2内的柔性密闭墙6处、下隅角处、工作面1中部、上隅角处和运输顺槽3内的柔性密闭墙6处；
e.根据制氮系统7的注氮速率和工作面1的封闭空间大小预计工作面1充满氮气时，启动气体及温度临测临控系统9，分别监测进风顺槽2内的柔性密闭墙6处、下隅角处、工作面1中部、上隅角处和运输顺槽3内的柔性密闭墙6处的气体含量和温度情况，当回采空间 内的氧浓度低于5％时，工人才可配带氧气呼吸器进入工作面1，开始回采作业，当回采空间内的氧浓度达到或超过8％时，电源自动切断，停止生产作业；当氧浓度降低至5％以下时，工作面1恢复生产；
f.随着工作面1的推进移动柔性密闭墙6，直至柔性密闭墙6移到进风顺槽2和运输顺槽3的巷口为止，此时工作面1继续回采直至停采线，工作面回采结束。
生产过程中，启动空调机组8中的空调机和除尘器，降低工作面1的矿尘浓度，调节工作面1的温度在15～20℃之间，最高温度不得超过26℃；当工作面1温度超过26℃时，气体及温度监测监控系统9发出警示信号并通过空调机组8采取强制冷措施，使工作环境温度下降至15～20℃；
由于移柔性密闭墙6超前工作面1的距离d大于超前支护长度D，在不影响工作面1正常推进的情况下可适当滞后移动柔性密闭墙6。
如图2和图3所示，柔性密闭墙6包括带有滚轮12的轮座13，轮座13上设有墙体10，墙体10的四周设有柔性气囊11，轮座13与墙体10通过轴连接，轮座13可以绕轴转动。
将柔性密闭墙6的轮座13向上转动，使滚轮12脱离巷道底板，通过注气设备(如风机)向柔性密闭墙6边缘的柔性气囊11不间断注气，保证柔性密闭墙6与巷道围岩接触严实，使工作面与外界大气隔绝形成封闭空间。
将轮座13向下转动，使滚轮12接触巷道底板，适当减小注气速率或临时停注，带压移动柔性密闭墙6。柔性密闭墙6的移动频次和距离与工作面1的推进速度相互协调，工作面推进d-1.5D，柔性密闭墙6移动一次，移动距离为Δd，Δd满足0＜Δd＜0.5D。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种高瓦斯矿井无氧工作面的回采方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
    a.选择高瓦斯矿井未受扰动的首采煤层且煤层顶板裂隙未与地面导通的工作面(1)；
    b.在工作面(1)的进风顺槽(2)和运输顺槽(3)内分别设置超前支护(4)和柔性密闭墙(6)，使回采空间与外界大气隔绝；
    c.在进风顺槽(2)内的柔性密闭墙(6)上设置制氮系统(7)，通过制氮系统(7)不断向封闭空间内注入氮气，使工作面(1)形成无氧作业环境，在运输顺槽(3)内的柔性密闭墙(6)上设置空调机组(8)；
    d.在回采空间内设置气体及温度监测监控系统(9)，对气体含量和温度进行实时监测；
    e.当回采空间内的氧浓度低于5％时，开始回采作业，随着工作面(1)的推进移动柔性密闭墙(6)，直至柔性密闭墙(6)移到进风顺槽(2)和运输顺槽(3)的巷口为止，工作面(1)继续回采直至停采线。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高瓦斯矿井无氧工作面的回采方法，其特征在于：所述的柔性密闭墙(6)由墙体(10)、柔性气囊(11)和轮座(13)构成，通过对柔性气囊(11)进行注气和减小注气速率或临时停注实现密封和移动。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高瓦斯矿井无氧工作面的回采方法，其特征在于：所述柔性密闭墙(6)超前工作面(1)的距离为d，d的范围为1.5D＜d＜2D，其中D为超前支护(4)的长度。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高瓦斯矿井无氧工作面的回采方法，其特征在于：所述柔性密闭墙(6)的移动频次和距离与工作面(1)的推进速度相互协调，工作面推进d-1.5D，柔性密闭墙(6)移动一次，移动距离为Δd，Δd满足0＜Δd＜0.5D。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高瓦斯矿井无氧工作面的回采方法，其特征在于：所述的空调机组(8)包括空调机、抽出式通风机和除尘器，抽出式通风机与制氮系统(7)形成通风回路，空调机和除尘器实时对工作面进行降温和除尘。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高瓦斯矿井无氧工作面的回采方法，其特征在于：所述的气体及温度监测监控系统(9)包括相互连通的5组测试气体含量及温度的传感器，5组传感器分别设在进风顺槽(2)内的柔性密闭墙(6)处、下隅角处、工作面(1)中部、上隅角处和运输顺槽(3)内的柔性密闭墙(6)处。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高瓦斯矿井无氧工作面的回采方法，其特征在于：当回采空间内的氧浓度达到或超过8％时，电源自动切断，停止生产作业。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高瓦斯矿井无氧工作面的回采方法，其特征在于：当回采空间内的温度超过26℃时，气体及温度监测监控系统(9)发出警示信号并通过空调机采取强制冷措施，使工作环境温度下降至15～20℃。
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