WO2023207011A1 - 升降装置 - Google Patents

升降装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023207011A1
WO2023207011A1 PCT/CN2022/128894 CN2022128894W WO2023207011A1 WO 2023207011 A1 WO2023207011 A1 WO 2023207011A1 CN 2022128894 W CN2022128894 W CN 2022128894W WO 2023207011 A1 WO2023207011 A1 WO 2023207011A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission
chain
lifting device
top wall
length
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/128894
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周长广
余志方
刘兴辞
孙立章
Original Assignee
苏州柳溪机电工程有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by 苏州柳溪机电工程有限公司 filed Critical 苏州柳溪机电工程有限公司
Publication of WO2023207011A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023207011A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/22—Rigid members, e.g. L-shaped members, with parts engaging the under surface of the loads; Crane hooks
    • B66C1/28—Duplicate, e.g. pivoted, members engaging the loads from two sides
    • B66C1/30—Duplicate, e.g. pivoted, members engaging the loads from two sides and also arranged to grip the sides of the loads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C15/00—Safety gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C25/00—Cranes not provided for in groups B66C17/00 - B66C23/00

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of lifting equipment, in particular to a weightless lifting device.
  • the weightless lifting device generally includes a clamping claw for holding heavy objects, a transmission chain that can drive the clamping claw to lift and lower, and a transmission gear connected to the transmission chain.
  • the transmission gear is driven by the corresponding driving device to drive the transmission chain to move. , thereby achieving the effect of lifting and lowering heavy objects.
  • this type of lifting device is in operation, if the transmission chain at the rear is not stored or arranged, the transmission chain may easily become stuck or entangled. In severe cases, the lifting device may malfunction and become unusable.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a lifting device that can automatically store the transmission chain.
  • a lifting device including a frame, at least one driving motor and at least two sets of lifting components.
  • Each of the lifting components includes: a clamping claw; a transmission base, including a transmission gear, which is drivingly connected to at least one of the driving motors; a transmission chain, which meshes with the transmission gear; the transmission chain has a head end and a tail end that are far away from each other; The head end is connected to the clamping claw, the tail end is a free end, the transmission chain includes a plurality of chain links, and a plurality of long links for hingedly connecting two adjacent chain links.
  • the long pin has a first axis length
  • the short pin has a second axis length that is smaller than the first axis length
  • the length of the shaft, a pair of shaft ends of each long pin shaft protrudes laterally outward relative to the corresponding chain ring; and a receiver is arranged on the lower side of the transmission seat and is used to receive the tail including the tail.
  • the end portion of the transmission chain, the container includes a top wall, the top wall has opposite first and second ends, the first end is closer than the second end
  • the transmission gear the top wall is configured to gradually slope downward from the first end to the second end, and the top wall is provided with a hole for part of the transmission chain to pass through.
  • a through-port said through-port having an opening length measured along a first direction from the first end to the second end and an opening width measured along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, said The opening width is greater than the second axial length and less than the first axial length.
  • the container includes a box with a storage cavity inside, and the storage cavity is located below the through opening and vertically communicates with the through opening.
  • the plurality of long pin shafts form a long pin shaft group in pairs, and there is a chain link composed of a plurality of said long pin shaft groups between two adjacent long pin shaft groups. and a standard section formed by a plurality of short pins that hinge the plurality of link links.
  • the standard section has a standard length, and the depth of the storage cavity is greater than half of the standard length.
  • the transmission chain includes an end section, and the end section consists of a long pin located between the end of the end and a long pin close to the end of the end.
  • the chain link is composed of a plurality of the chain links and a plurality of short pin shafts hinged to the plurality of the chain links.
  • the end section has a length, and the length of the end section is less than the depth of the storage cavity.
  • the box body includes a peripheral side wall, and the top wall is installed on the top of the box body and is lower than the upper edge of the peripheral side wall.
  • the container further includes: a guide plate installed on the top of the box body and connected to the first end, and the guide plate is in an angled relationship with the horizontal plane.
  • the first included angle is 60°-80°
  • the second included angle between the top wall and the horizontal plane is 20°-40°.
  • the transmission seat is further arranged with a plurality of rotatable meshing rollers, and the circumferential side surfaces of each meshing roller are in contact with the transmission gear.
  • the through opening is rectangular.
  • the upgrading device further includes at least one cross beam extending in the left and right direction, both left and right ends of the cross beam are fixedly connected to the clamping claw, and the frame A pair of vertically extending slide rails are arranged on the top, and each of the cross beams is slidably matched with the pair of slide rails.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of the lifting device according to the embodiment of the present invention when the clamping claw is located at the lower part of the frame; wherein, the receiver is shown in a cross-sectional view;
  • Figure 2 is a front view of the lifting device according to the embodiment of the present invention when the clamping claw is located at the upper part of the frame; wherein, the receiver is shown in a cross-sectional view;
  • Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view of location A shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a side view of the lifting device shown in Figure 1; wherein the container is shown in a cross-sectional view;
  • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of location B shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a top view of the lifting device shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the transmission chain according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a simplified schematic diagram of the transmission chain according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the transmission chain shown in Figure 7 when it is stored in the storage device;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the storage device provided by the present invention.
  • Transmission chain 40. Standard section; 401. Head end; 402. Tail end;
  • Storage device 50. Box body; 51. Peripheral side wall; 52. Bottom wall;
  • L1 first axis length
  • L2 second axis length
  • L3 standard length
  • L4 last segment length
  • W opening length
  • D opening width
  • H depth
  • ⁇ 1 first included angle
  • ⁇ 2 second included angle
  • spatially relative terms such as “under”, “under”, “over”, “on”, “side” (for example, as in “peripheral sidewall”), etc.
  • the relationship of one element to another (other) element as shown in the drawings is thereby described.
  • Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use, operation, and/or manufacture in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features.
  • the exemplary term “below” may include both an upper and lower orientation.
  • the device may be otherwise oriented (eg, rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be a direct connection or a detachable connection. Can be connected indirectly through intermediaries.
  • FIGs 1-2 show a lifting device 100 provided by the present invention.
  • the lifting device 100 is a lifting device without counterweight and can be used to drive heavy objects such as elevators, mechanical equipment or pipes to lift.
  • the lifting device 100 includes a frame 1, a pair of drive motors 6 arranged on the top of the frame 1, and four sets of lifting assemblies for lifting heavy objects.
  • Each set of lifting assemblies includes a clamping claw 2, a drive motor with a transmission
  • the four sets of lifting components are arranged in a four-corner arrangement. This arrangement can provide four support points for the heavy object when lifting the heavy object, thereby ensuring the stability of the heavy object.
  • the lifting device may only be provided with two sets of lifting assemblies facing each other on the left and right.
  • the rack 1 is a steel frame structure and is firmly fixed to the ground or a corresponding pedestal through anchor bolts.
  • the frame 1 is provided with a pair of slide rails 11 extending in the vertical direction.
  • the clamping claw 2 is configured in a hook shape to clamp or engage heavy objects.
  • the lifting device 100 is also provided with a pair of cross beams 21 facing front and rear, and each cross beam 21 extends along the left and right directions. A pair of adjacent clamping claws 2 on the left and right are fixedly connected to the same cross beam 21.
  • Each cross beam 21 is slidingly matched with a pair of slide rails 11 on the frame 1, and can drive a pair of adjacent clamping claws 2 on the left and right to rise and fall synchronously. .
  • the transmission seat 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the frame 1, and the transmission gear 31 is rotatably arranged on the transmission seat 3.
  • a pair of adjacent transmission gears 31 are driven by the same drive motor 6 .
  • Each transmission gear 31 is connected to the corresponding driving motor 6 through a belt or chain drive, and can drive the corresponding transmission chain 4 to move under the driving of the driving motor 6 .
  • the same number of drive motors as the number of groups of lifting components can also be arranged.
  • the drive motors can also be arranged to be connected to the corresponding transmission gears through couplings or gear sets; or only the drive motors can be arranged
  • the transmission seat 3 is also provided with a pair of rotatable meshing rollers 32 .
  • the pair of meshing rollers 32 are circumferentially arranged around the transmission gear 31 and the circumferential side surfaces of each meshing roller 32 are in contact with the transmission gear 31 .
  • the transmission chain 4 passes between the transmission gear 31 and a pair of meshing rollers 32 .
  • the meshing rollers 32 press the transmission chain 4 onto the transmission gear 31 to prevent tripping between the transmission chain 4 and the transmission gear 31 .
  • one meshing roller 32 is located directly above the transmission gear 31
  • the other meshing roller 32 is located above the outer side of the transmission gear 31 .
  • the transmission chain 4 has a head end 401 and a tail end 402 that are far away from each other.
  • the tail end 402 is a free end.
  • a pair of left and right adjacent transmission chains 4 respectively hinge the left and right ends of the corresponding cross beam 21 through their own head ends 401 to drive the corresponding cross beam 21 and the pair of clamping claws 2 to move up and down.
  • the transmission chain can also be fixedly connected to the corresponding crossbeam through welding or shaft hole connection; in some embodiments without a crossbeam, the transmission chain is directly fixedly connected to the clamping claw.
  • FIG. 7 shows a transmission chain 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transmission chain 4 includes a plurality of chain rings 41 that are hinged in sequence and a pin for hingedly connecting two adjacent chain rings 41 .
  • the link 41 includes a pair of bushings 42 , a pair of inner link plates 43 located inside the pair of bushings 42 , and a pair of outer link plates 44 located outside the pair of bushings 42 .
  • a pair of inner link plates 43 and a pair of outer link plates 44 of two adjacent link rings 41 are staggered and superimposed on each other.
  • the bushing 42, the inner link plate 43 and the outer link plate 44 are all connected with the pin shaft to form a shaft hole, thereby achieving Two adjacent links 41 are hinged.
  • the transmission chain can also adopt other chain structures, such as a single-row roller chain, a toothed chain or a plate chain. wait.
  • the pin shaft includes a long pin shaft 45 whose shaft length is the first shaft length L1 and a short pin shaft 46 whose shaft length is the second shaft length L2, where L1>L2.
  • the pair of shaft ends 451 of the long pin 45 both protrude laterally outward relative to the link 41 .
  • the long pins 45 are arranged adjacently in pairs to form a long pin group 450, and a plurality of short pins with the same number are arranged between each two adjacent long pin groups 450. 46 with multiple links 41.
  • the plurality of chain links 41 and the plurality of short pins 46 located between two adjacent long pin groups 450 form a standard section 40, and the length of the standard section 40 is the standard length L3.
  • the transmission chain 4 also has a tail section 47 at the end.
  • the tail section 47 is composed of a plurality of chain links 41 and a plurality of short pins 46 between the tail end 402 and a long pin 45 close to the tail end 402 , the last section 47 has a last section length L4.
  • the number of chain links arranged between two adjacent long pin groups may also be different, that is, the standard length of each standard section may be different. In this case, the number of short pins should be the same as that of the chain. Ring matching.
  • the storage device 5 is arranged at the rear end of the transmission chain 4 .
  • the container 5 includes a box body 50 with an upper opening and a guide plate 56 arranged on the box body 50.
  • the box body 50 includes a peripheral side wall 51 extending in the up and down direction, a bottom wall 52 provided at the bottom, and a top wall provided at the top. 53.
  • the peripheral side wall 51 forms a four-corner frame, and the bottom wall 52 is attached to the lower edge of the peripheral side wall 51 .
  • the peripheral side wall 51 , the bottom wall 52 and the top wall 53 jointly define a storage cavity 55 located inside the container 5 .
  • the top wall 53 has an opposite first end 531 and a second end 532.
  • the first end 531 is closer to the transmission gear than the second end 532.
  • the top wall 53 is configured to gradually slope downward from the first end 531 to the second end 532 .
  • the upper edge of the peripheral side wall 51 is flush and higher than the top wall 53 to prevent the transmission chain 4 on the top wall 53 from being separated from the receiver 5 .
  • the guide plate 56 is installed on the top of the box body 50 and disposed at the first end 531 of the top wall 53 .
  • a second included angle ⁇ 2 between the top wall 53 and the horizontal plane C2 is 20°-40°.
  • the guide plate 56 is used to guide the transmission chain. 4 Slide down to the top wall 53.
  • the guide plate can also be disposed on the upper side of the box body.
  • a through-hole 54 is formed on the top wall 53 .
  • the through-hole 54 has an opening length W measured along a first direction and an opening width D measured along a second direction.
  • the first direction is the top wall 53 .
  • the first end 531 points in the direction of the second end 532, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the through opening 54 is configured in a rectangular shape with an upward opening and can pass through part of the transmission chain 4 .
  • the storage cavity 55 is located on the lower side of the through opening 54 and is in fluid communication with the through opening 54 .
  • L1>D>L2 multiple chain rings 41 and multiple short pins 46 can pass through the through opening 54 and enter the storage cavity 55, and the multiple long pins 45 can be supported on the top wall 53 and pass from the top wall 53
  • the first end 531 slides to the second end 532.
  • the outer shape of the container can be constructed into any geometric shape, and the container can even be composed only of the top wall with a through opening; through The opening can also be set in an irregular shape, but the maximum width of the through opening should be greater than L2 and less than L1 to ensure that multiple links and short pins can pass through the through opening and that multiple long pins can be supported on the top wall.
  • Figure 9 illustrates the situation when the transmission chain 4 is stored in the container 5. It can be seen from the figure that the end section 47 first enters the container 5, and the long pin 45 is supported on the top wall 53. Each long pin 45 slides downward along the top wall 53 until it abuts with each other, and some of the transmission chains 4 stored in the container 5 are arranged in a serpentine array.
  • the depth H of the storage cavity 55 is not less than half of the standard length L3, and the length L4 of the end section is not greater than the depth H of the storage cavity 55. It can be understood that if the storage cavity 55 is an irregular cavity, it should be ensured that the depth H of the corresponding part of the storage cavity 55 in which the transmission chain 4 is stored is not less than 1/2L3 to completely accommodate the transmission chain 4 .
  • the setting of the end section can also be eliminated, that is, a long pin is provided at the end of the transmission chain. In this case, the standard section close to the end of the long pin first enters the storage cavity.
  • the rear end of the transmission chain 4 enters the storage chamber 5 , wherein the plurality of links 41 and the plurality of short pins 46 of the transmission chain 4 enter through the through opening 54 of the storage container 5 and are stored in the storage cavity 55 .
  • the long pin 45 is supported on the top wall 53 and slides from the first end to the second end of the top wall 53 in sequence.
  • the long pins 45 of the transmission chain 4 at the rear will be arranged on the top wall 53 in sequence, and the transmission chains 4 will automatically be arranged in an array and stored in the storage 5 (as shown in Figure 3), so that Avoid jamming or entanglement of the transmission chain 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chain Conveyers (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种升降装置(100)，包括机架(1)、至少一部驱动电机(6)和至少两组升降组件，各个升降组件包括：夹持爪(2)；传动座(3)，包括传动齿轮(31)；传动链(4)，与传动齿轮(31)啮合，传动链(4)具有头端部(401)和尾端部(402)，头端部(401)与夹持爪(2)相连接，传动链(4)包括多个链环(41)、用于铰接相邻两个链环的多个长销轴(45)和用于铰接相邻两个链环的多个短销轴(46)，长销轴具有第一轴长，短销轴具有第二轴长；以及收纳器(5)，布置在传动座下侧且用于接纳包含尾端部的部分传动链，收纳器包括一顶壁(53)，顶壁位于尾端部下方且具有靠近传动齿轮的第一端(531)与远离传动齿轮的第二端(532)，顶壁被构造为从第一端向第二端逐渐向下倾斜，顶壁上设置有与尾端部上下正对的贯通口(54)，贯通口具有开口宽度，开口宽度大于第二轴长且小于第一轴长。

Description

升降装置 技术领域
本发明涉及升降设备技术领域，尤其是一种无配重升降装置。
背景技术
无配重升降装置一般包括用于夹持重物的夹持爪、能够带动夹持爪升降的传动链以及与传动链传动连接的传动齿轮，传动齿轮在相应驱动装置的驱动下，带动传动链移动，从而达到升降重物的效果。然而，该类型的升降装置在工作时，若不对尾部的传动链进行收纳或整理，则容易出现传动链卡顿或缠绕的情况，严重时可能造成升降装置故障而无法使用。
发明内容
为了解决上述的无配重升降装置工作时，需要对尾部的传动链进行收纳或整理的相关技术问题，本发明的目的是提供一种能够自动收纳传动链的升降装置。
为了达到上述的目的，本发明提供以下技术方案：一种升降装置，包括机架、至少一部驱动电机以及至少两组升降组件，各个所述的升降组件包括：夹持爪；传动座，包括传动齿轮，所述的传动齿轮与所述的至少一部驱动电机传动连接；传动链，与所述的传动齿轮啮合，所述的传动链具有相互远离的头端部和尾端部，所述的头端部与所述的夹持爪相连接，所述的尾端部为自由端，所述的传动链包括多个链环、用于铰接相邻两个所述链环的多个长销轴和用于铰接相邻两个所述链环的多个短销轴，所述的长销轴具有第一轴长，所述的短销轴具有小于所述第一轴长的第二轴长，各个所述长销轴的一对轴端部相对相应所述的链环侧向向外凸出；以及收纳器，布置在所述传动座的下侧且用于接纳包含所述尾端部的部分所述传动链，所述的收纳器包括一顶壁，所述的顶壁具有相对的第一端和第二端，所述的第一端比所述的第二端更加靠近所述的传动齿轮，所述的顶壁被构造为从所述的第一端向所述的第二端逐渐向下倾斜，所述的顶壁上设置有供部分所述的传动链穿过的贯通口，所述的贯通口具有沿从所述第一端向所述第二端的第一方向测量的开口长度和沿垂直于所述第一方向的第二方向测量的开口宽度，所述的开口宽度大于所述的第二轴长且小于所述的第一轴长。
在上述的技术方案中，优选地，所述的收纳器包括内部具有收纳腔的盒体，所述的收纳腔位于所述贯通口的下方并且与所述的贯通口上下贯通。
在上述的优选方案中，进一步优选地，所述的多个长销轴两两构成一个长销轴组，相邻两个所述长销轴组之间具有一个由多个所述的链环和铰接所述的多个链环的多个所述短销轴构成的标准节，所述的标准节具有标准长度，所述收纳腔的深度大于所述标准长度的一 半。
在上述的优选方案中，进一步优选地，所述的传动链包括一个末尾节，所述的末尾节由位于所述的尾端部和靠近所述尾端部的一个所述长销轴之间的若干个所述链环和铰接所述的若干个所述链环的若干所述短销轴构成，所述的末尾节具有末尾节长度，所述末尾节长度小于所述收纳腔的深度。
在上述的优选方案中，进一步优选地，所述的盒体包括周侧壁，所述的顶壁安装在所述盒体的顶部并且低于所述周侧壁的上边缘。
在上述的技术方案中，优选地，所述的收纳器还包括：安装在所述盒体的顶部并且与所述的第一端相接的引导板，所述的引导板与水平面之间呈60°-80°的第一夹角，所述的顶壁与水平面之间呈20°-40°的第二夹角。
在上述的技术方案中，优选地，所述的传动座还布置有若干可转动的啮合辊，各所述啮合辊的圆周侧面均接触所述的传动齿轮。
在上述的技术方案中，优选地，所述的贯通口呈长方形。
在上述的技术方案中，优选地，所述的升级装置还包括至少一条沿左右方向延伸的横梁，所述横梁的左右两个端部均固定连接所述的夹持爪，所述的机架上布置有竖直延伸的一对滑轨，各条所述的横梁均与所述的一对滑轨滑动配合。
相较于现有技术，本发明技术方案所提供的升降装置在进行工作时，传动链的多个链环与多个短销轴能够穿过贯通口，多个长销轴支撑在顶壁上并带动链环沿着顶壁向下滑动，从而实现传动链的自动排列与收纳，避免发生传动链卡顿或缠绕的情况。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施方式的升降装置在夹持爪位于机架下部状态下的主视图；其中，收纳器以剖视图形式示出；
图2为本发明实施方式的升降装置在夹持爪位于机架上部状态下的主视图；其中，收纳器以剖视图形式示出；
图3为图2所示的A处的局部放大图；
图4为图1所示的升降装置的侧视图；其中，收纳器以剖视图形式示出；
图5为图4所示的B处的局部放大图；
图6为图1所示的升降装置的俯视图；
图7为本发明实施方式的传动链的结构示意图；
图8为本发明实施方式的传动链的简化示意图；
图9为图7所述的传动链收纳于收纳器时的排列示意图；
图10为本发明所提供的收纳器的立体结构示意图；
图中标记：
100、升降装置；
1、机架；11、滑轨；
2、夹持爪；21、横梁；
3、传动座；31、传动齿轮；32、啮合辊；
4、传动链；40、标准节；401、头端部；402、尾端部；
41、链环；42、衬套；43、内链板；44、外链板；
45、长销轴；450、长销轴组；451、轴端部；46、短销轴；47、末尾节；
5、收纳器；50、盒体；51、周侧壁；52、底壁；
53、顶壁；531、第一端；532、第二端；
54、贯通口；55、收纳腔；56、引导板；
6、驱动电机；
L1、第一轴长；L2、第二轴长；L3、标准长度；L4、末尾节长度；
W、开口长度；D、开口宽度；H、深度；α1、第一夹角；α2、第二夹角。
具体实施方式
为详细说明发明的技术内容、构造特征、所达成目的及功效，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。在下面的描述中，出于解释的目的，阐述了许多具体细节以提供对发明的各种示例性实施例或实施方式的详细说明。然而，各种示例性实施例也可以在没有这些具体细节或者在一个或更多个等同布置的情况下实施。此外，各种示例性实施例可以不同，但不必是排他的。例如，在不脱离发明构思的情况下，可以在另一示例性实施例中使用或实现示例性实施例的具体形状、构造和特性。
此外，本申请中，诸如“在……下”、“下”、“在……上方”、“上”、“侧”(例如，如在“周侧壁”中)等的空间相对术语，由此来描述如附图中示出的一个元件与另一(其它)元件的关系。空间相对术语意图包括设备在使用、操作和/或制造中除了附图中描绘的方位之外的不同方位。例如，如果附图中的设备被翻转，则被描述为“在”其它元件或特征“下方”或“之下”的元件随后将被定位为“在”所述其它元件或特征“上方”。因此，示例性术语“在……下方”可以包括上方和下方两种方位。此外，设备可以被另外定位(例如，旋转90 度或者在其它方位处)，如此，相应地解释在此使用的空间相对描述语。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“连接”应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。
图1-2示出了本发明所提供的升降装置100，该升降装置100为一无配重升降设备并且可用于带动电梯、机械设备或管材等重物进行升降。结合图6，升降装置100包括机架1、布置在机架1顶部的一对驱动电机6以及用于升降重物的4组升降组件，各组升降组件均包括夹持爪2、带有传动齿轮31的传动座3、与传动齿轮31相啮合的传动链4以及布置于传动座3下侧的收纳器5。
如图6所示，4组升降组件布置呈四角布置，该布置方式可在抬升重物时为重物提供四个支撑点，从而在保证重物的稳定。在一些用于起吊管材等长条形重物的实施例中，升降装置也可仅设置左右相对的两组升降组件。
继续参阅图1、图2与图4，机架1为钢架结构并通过地脚螺栓牢牢固定于地面或相应的台座上。机架1上设置有一对沿竖直方向延伸的滑轨11。夹持爪2被配置成钩状，以便夹持或卡接重物。升降装置100还设置有前后相对的一对横梁21，各条横梁21均沿着左右方向延伸。左右相邻的一对夹持爪2固定连接同一横梁21，各横梁21均与机架1上的一对滑轨11滑动配合，并能够带动左右相邻的一对夹持爪2同步地升降。
传动座3固定连接于机架1的顶部，传动齿轮31可转动地设置于传动座3上。本例中，前后相邻的一对传动齿轮31均由同一部驱动电机6带动。各传动齿轮31均与相应的驱动电机6通过皮带或链条传动连接，并能够在驱动电机6的驱动下带动相应的传动链4移动。在其它实施例中，还可以布置与升降组件的组数相同的驱动电机，该种情况下，驱动电机还可以设置成与相应的传动齿轮通过联轴器或齿轮组进行连接；也可以仅布置一部驱动电机，4个传动齿轮同时与该驱动电机传动连接。
传动座3还布置有一对可转动的啮合辊32，一对啮合辊32绕传动齿轮31周向布置并且各啮合辊32的圆周侧面均与传动齿轮31相接触。传动链4自传动齿轮31与一对啮合辊32之间穿过，啮合辊32将传动链4压合于传动齿轮31上，以防止传动链4与传动齿轮31之间发生脱扣。其中，一个啮合辊32位于传动齿轮31的正上方，另一个啮合辊32位于传动齿轮31的外侧上方。
参阅图1-3，传动链4具有相互远离的头端部401与尾端部402，尾端部402为自由端。左右相邻的一对传动链4分别通过自身的头端部401铰接相应横梁21的左右两个端部， 以带动相应的横梁21以及一对夹持爪2上下移动。在其它实施例中，传动链也可以与相应的横梁通过焊接或轴孔连接等方式实现固定连接；在一些未设置有横梁的实施例中，传动链则直接与夹持爪固定连接。
图7所示出了本发明所提供的一种实施方式的传动链4，该传动链4包括依次铰接的多个链环41与用于铰接相邻两个链环41的销轴。链环41包括一对衬套42，位于一对衬套42内侧的一对内链板43以及位于一对衬套42外侧的一对外链板44。相邻两个链环41的一对内链板43与一对外链板44交错布置并相互叠加，衬套42、内链板43以及外链板44均与销轴形成轴孔连接，从而实现铰接相邻两个链环41。其它实施例中，在保证长销轴与短销轴的相对长度关系(详见下文)的前提下，传动链还可以采用其它链条结构，如采用单排滚子链、齿形链或板式链等。
销轴包括轴长为第一轴长L1的长销轴45与轴长为第二轴长L2的短销轴46，其中，L1>L2。长销轴45的一对轴端部451均相对链环41侧向向外凸出。参阅图8，在传动链4中，长销轴45两两相邻布置并构成一个长销轴组450，每相邻两个长销轴组450之间布置有数量相同的多个短销轴46与多个链环41。位于相邻两个长销轴组450之间的多个链环41与多个短销轴46形成一个标准节40，该标准节40的长度为标准长度L3。传动链4还具有处于最末端的一段末尾节47，末尾节47由尾端部402与靠近尾端部402的一个长销轴45之间的多个链环41与多个短销轴46构成，该末尾节47具有末尾节长度L4。在其他实施例中，每相邻两个长销轴组之间布置的链环数量也可不相同，即每个标准节的标准长度可不同，在该情况下，短销轴的数量应与链环相适配。
如图3与图10所示，收纳器5布置于传动链4的尾端部处。收纳器5包括上部开口的盒体50与布置于盒体50上的引导板56，盒体50包括沿上下方向延伸的周侧壁51、设置于底部的底壁52以及设置于顶部的顶壁53。周侧壁51围成一四角框架，底壁52贴合于周侧壁51的下边缘，周侧壁51、底壁52以及顶壁53共同限定有位于收纳器5内部的收纳腔55。
顶壁53具有相对的第一端531与第二端532，第一端531比第二端532更加靠近传动齿轮。顶壁53被构造为从第一端531向第二端532逐渐向下倾斜。周侧壁51的上边缘齐平并高于顶壁53，以防止顶壁53上的传动链4脱离收纳器5。引导板56安装于盒体50顶部并设置于顶壁53的第一端531处。引导板56与水平面C1之间呈60°-80°的第一夹角α1，顶壁53与水平面C2之间呈20°-40°的第二夹角α2，引导板56用于引导传动链4滑落至顶壁53上。在其他实施例中，引导板也可以设置于盒体的上侧。
结合图5和图10，顶壁53上开设有贯通口54，贯通口54具有沿着第一方向测量的开口长度W以及沿着第二方向测量的开口宽度D，第一方向为顶壁53的第一端531指向第二端532的方向，第二方向为垂直于第一方向的方向。贯通口54被配置成开口朝上的长方形并能够部分传动链4穿过，收纳腔55位于贯通口54的下侧并且与贯通口54流体连通。其中，L1>D>L2，多个链环41与多个短销轴46能够穿过贯通口54并进入收纳腔55，多个长销轴45能够支撑在顶壁53上并从顶壁53的第一端531滑向第二端532。在其它实施例中，在满足布置有贯通口的倾斜状顶壁的前提下，收纳器的外形可构造成任意几何形状，甚至收纳器可以是仅由该开设有贯通口的顶壁构成；贯通口也可以设置成不规则形状，但贯通口的最大宽度应大于L2并且小于L1，以保证多个链环与短销轴能够穿过贯通口以及多个长销轴能够支撑在顶壁上。
图9示意了传动链4收纳于收纳器5时的情况，从图中可以看出，末尾节47首先进入收纳器5内，长销轴45支撑于顶壁53上。各个长销轴45沿着顶壁53向下滑动直至相互抵接，收纳于收纳器5内的部分传动链4呈蛇形阵列地排布。收纳腔55的深度H不小于标准长度L3的一半，末尾节长度L4则不大于收纳腔55的深度H。可以理解地，若收纳腔55为一不规则腔室，则应保证收纳腔55在收纳传动链4的相应部分的深度H不小于1/2L3，以完全容纳传动链4。在其它实施例中，也可以取消末尾节的设置，即在传动链最末端设置长销轴，在这种情况下，靠近最末端长销轴的标准节首先进入收纳腔内。
以下以传动链4为例说明升降装置100的工作原理：驱动电机6通过传动齿轮31带动相应的传动链4，夹持爪2在相应传动链4的带动下向上抬升重物。传动链4的尾端部进入收纳器5，其中，传动链4的多个链环41与多个短销轴46经由收纳器5的贯通口54进入并储存于收纳腔55内，传动链4的长销轴45支撑在顶壁53上依次从顶壁53的第一端滑向第二端。可以理解地，尾部的传动链4的长销轴45将依次抵接地排列顶壁53上，传动链4将自动呈阵列地排布并收纳于收纳器5处(如图3所示)，从而避免出现传动链4发生卡顿或缠绕的情况。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书、说明书及其等效物界定。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种升降装置，包括机架、至少一部驱动电机以及至少两组升降组件，其特征在于，各个所述的升降组件包括：夹持爪；传动座，所述的传动座包括传动齿轮，所述的传动齿轮与所述的至少一部驱动电机传动连接；传动链，所述的传动链与所述的传动齿轮啮合，所述的传动链具有相互远离的头端部和尾端部，所述的头端部与所述的夹持爪相连接，所述的尾端部为自由端，所述的传动链包括多个链环、用于铰接相邻两个所述链环的多个长销轴和用于铰接相邻两个所述链环的多个短销轴，所述的长销轴具有第一轴长，所述的短销轴具有小于所述第一轴长的第二轴长，各个所述长销轴的一对轴端部相对相应所述的链环侧向向外凸出；以及收纳器，所述的收纳器布置在所述传动座的下侧且用于接纳包含所述尾端部的部分所述传动链，所述的收纳器包括一顶壁，所述的顶壁具有相对的第一端和第二端，所述的第一端比所述的第二端更加靠近所述的传动齿轮，所述的顶壁被构造为从所述的第一端向所述的第二端逐渐向下倾斜，所述的顶壁上设置有供部分所述的传动链穿过的贯通口，所述的贯通口具有沿从所述第一端向所述第二端的第一方向测量的开口长度和沿垂直于所述第一方向的第二方向测量的开口宽度，所述的开口宽度大于所述的第二轴长且小于所述的第一轴长。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的升降装置，其特征在于，所述的收纳器包括内部具有收纳腔的盒体，所述的收纳腔位于所述贯通口的下方并且与所述的贯通口上下贯通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的升降装置，其特征在于，所述的多个长销轴两两构成一个长销轴组，相邻两个所述长销轴组之间具有一个由多个所述的链环和铰接所述的多个链环的多个所述短销轴构成的标准节，所述的标准节具有标准长度，所述收纳腔的深度大于所述标准长度的一半。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的升降装置，其特征在于，所述的传动链包括一个末尾节，所述的末尾节由位于所述的尾端部和靠近所述尾端部的一个所述长销轴之间的若干个所述链环和铰接所述的若干个所述链环的若干所述短销轴构成，所述的末尾节具有末尾节长度，所述末尾节长度小于所述收纳腔的深度。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的升降装置，其特征在于，所述的盒体包括周侧壁，所述的顶壁安装在所述盒体的顶部并且低于所述周侧壁的上边缘。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的升降装置，其特征在于，所述的收纳器还包括：安装在所述盒体的顶部并且与所述的第一端相接的引导板，所述的引导板与水平面之间呈60°-80°的第一夹角，所述的顶壁与水平面之间呈20°-40°的第二夹角。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的升降装置，其特征在于，所述的传动座还布置有若干可转动的啮合辊，各所述啮合辊的圆周侧面均接触所述的传动齿轮。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的升降装置，其特征在于，所述的贯通口呈长方形。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的升降装置，其特征在于，所述的升降装置还包括至少一条沿左右方向延伸的横梁，所述横梁的左右两个端部均固定连接所述的夹持爪，所述的机架上布置有竖直延伸的一对滑轨，各条所述的横梁均与所述的一对滑轨滑动配合。
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