WO2023190873A1 - 摺動材 - Google Patents
摺動材 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023190873A1 WO2023190873A1 PCT/JP2023/013186 JP2023013186W WO2023190873A1 WO 2023190873 A1 WO2023190873 A1 WO 2023190873A1 JP 2023013186 W JP2023013186 W JP 2023013186W WO 2023190873 A1 WO2023190873 A1 WO 2023190873A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- intermetallic compound
- sliding material
- hardness
- compound
- sliding
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 229910017082 Fe-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 229910017133 Fe—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 50
- 235000019589 hardness Nutrition 0.000 description 50
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 25
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910019819 Cr—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910018643 Mn—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910017518 Cu Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017752 Cu-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017943 Cu—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper zinc Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn] TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102200082816 rs34868397 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- -1 silicide compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000992 sputter etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to sliding materials.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a wear-resistant copper alloy having a weight ratio of Fe and Mn of 0.3 to 14, respectively, and a content of 1 to 15 wt%. This ternary compound is said to have better wear resistance than conventional compounds containing Mn 5 Si 3 or Fe 3 Si. Patent Document 1 only discloses that the addition of Cr has a dispersion effect.
- Patent Document 2 discloses Mn silicide of brass alloy.
- Cr or Zr or a compound thereof acts as a nucleating agent for silicide precipitates, and its addition suppresses eutectic fine precipitation of silicides. That is, in Patent Document 2, it is possible to change the crystallization form of Mn silicide by adding a small amount of Cr or Zr.
- Patent Document 3 describes a sintered material made of a brass alloy, in which Cu, Zn, Al, and Si are used as base metals, and Ti, Zr, V, Cr, etc. are added as selected elements to contribute to microstructure refinement and grain boundary strengthening. disclose something. Sintered materials that make use of these surface pores do not have the process of completely melting and alloying the added ingredients like in cast lumber, so even if the ingredients are the same, they exhibit a non-uniform structure and are different from the structure of cast lumber. Be different.
- Patent Document 4 limits the brass base to the ⁇ phase, assumes that the composition of the Fe-Mn-Si intermetallic compound consists of Mn 5 Si 3 and Fe 3 Si, limits the amount of Fe, Mn, and Si added, and Discloses a material with an area ratio of 3 to 20%.
- Patent Document 5 discloses that the brass base is limited to the ⁇ phase and contains Fe-based silicide such as an Fe-Cr-Si-based intermetallic compound, but details regarding the compound are unknown.
- Mn-Si based intermetallic compounds and improved Mn-Fe-Si based intermetallic compounds are used to improve wear resistance.
- the effects of intermetallic compounds on friction and wear such as the exact chemical composition, crystallization form, and hardness, have not been sufficiently verified.
- the present invention was made to solve such conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a sliding material with improved sliding characteristics.
- the present invention provides a sliding material having a base made of a brass alloy and a Cr-Fe-Si based intermetallic compound contained in the base, wherein the area where the Cr-Fe-Si based intermetallic compound has crystallized.
- the sliding material has a nanoindentation hardness of 20GPa or more and 28GPa or less.
- the sliding material of the present invention it is possible to provide a sliding material with improved sliding characteristics.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sliding material of the embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a sliding material of a comparative example. It is a schematic diagram explaining the wear of the sliding material of an embodiment. It is a figure showing a reciprocating sliding test device.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of a sliding material 1 according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows the three-dimensional structure of the intermetallic compound viewed from a cross section perpendicular to the sliding surface 1A.
- the sliding material 1 includes a base material 2 and a Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3.
- the base material 2 is made of brass alloy.
- the base material 2 provides the sliding material 1 with a shape and mechanical strength depending on the intended use.
- the sliding material 1 of the embodiment includes (Cr,Fe) 3 Si as a Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 containing Cr as a main component.
- the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 typically has a structure of (Cr 0.85 Fe 0.15 ) 3 Si.
- the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 is a compound composed of Cr, Fe, and Si.
- the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 of the embodiment has a structure of (Cr,Fe) 3 Si.
- Each of the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compounds 3 has a rounded curved surface.
- a large number of Cr-Fe-Si based intermetallic compounds 3 contained in the base material 2 are bonded to each other, and thereby have a three-dimensional structure in which a large number of Cr-Fe-Si based intermetallic compounds 3 are connected.
- the nanoindentation hardness of the region where the Cr-Fe-Si based intermetallic compound 3 is crystallized is 20 GPa or more and 28 GPa or less. The definition and measurement method of the hardness of the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 will be described later.
- the atomic bonding ratio of the compound was calculated from the atomic % composition by point analysis of SEM-EDS.
- the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 is a compound consisting of Cr, Fe, and Si, with Cr as the main component.
- intermetallic compounds have often been evaluated solely based on their cross-sectional shape.
- the present inventors have developed a corrosion method that melts the brass base 2 and leaves only the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3. This made it possible to observe the three-dimensional crystallization form of the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 by SEM (secondary electron image).
- the hardness of the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 can be measured by hardness measurement using a nanoindenter.
- Hardness measurement using the nanoindenter complies with “ISO 14577-1 Metallic materials - Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters-” and its annex “Annex A (normative)Materials parameters determined from the force/indentation depth data set” do.
- a BRUKER HYSITRONTI980 device was used for hardness measurement using a nanoindenter.
- Nanoindentation measurement conditions are as follows: Test load: 800 ⁇ N Load 1s Hold 0.4s Unloading 1s
- HIT HIT8x10 -4 /1/0.4/1 (Note: ISO 14577-1 Annex A)
- the measurement procedure and the method for determining the nanoindentation hardness of the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 are as follows. 1. Polish the sample measurement surface using an ion milling device to make it a smooth surface. 2. Confirm the constituent components within the field of view, including Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3, using SEM/EDS. Next, using the camera of the nanoinditation measurement device, it is confirmed that the field of view is the same as that of the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3. This determines the field of view for nanoindentation measurement. 3.
- FIG. 2 is a contour map obtained by connecting points of the same hardness with lines. Next, a cross section of the contour line is taken along a line (D-D' in FIG. 2) that passes through the nanoindentation hardness peak in FIG. 2 and is parallel to the X axis.
- A indicates the region of the substrate 2
- B indicates the boundary region between the substrate 2 and the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3
- C indicates the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3.
- the region of intermetallic compound 3 is shown.
- the nanoindentation hardness in region A of the substrate 2 is approximately 4 GPa.
- the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 crystallizes, making it harder than the substrate 2.
- the hardness increases rapidly from the beginning.
- region C of Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 the nanoindentation hardness at the center is relatively flat, and in Fig. 2, the nanoindentation hardness is 19.5 GPa or more and 24.4 GPa or less.
- nanoindentation hardness can only be obtained as discrete values. Therefore, as a way to express the hardness of the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3, the flat, high-hardness region C in the center was regarded as the region where the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 had crystallized. . Then, the nanoindentation hardness of region C was used as the hardness of the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3.
- boundary region B if the nanoindentation hardness of a certain lattice point is H n and the nanoindentation hardness of the next lattice point 1.5 ⁇ m away is H n +1 ,
- >6.0GPa was defined as boundary region B, and the boundary between regions C and B was set along the contour lines.
- the region C which is harder than the boundary region B thus determined, is regarded as the region where the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 has crystallized.
- the nanoindentation hardness in region C is 19.5 GPa or more and 24.4 GPa or less.
- the nanoindentation hardness may be measured by reflecting a plurality of visual fields (for example, five visual fields).
- the nanoindentation hardness of the Cr-Fe-Si based intermetallic compound 3 is determined from the minimum value to the maximum value among the nanoindentation hardnesses of each of the fields of view 1 to 5.
- the same process is also used for measuring and determining the nanoindentation hardness of other intermetallic compounds.
- the sliding material 1 of the embodiment has improved sliding properties due to the three-dimensional bonding structure of the particles of the Cr-Fe-Si based intermetallic compound 3 and nanoindentation hardness.
- composition, structure, three-dimensional structure, and nanoindentation hardness of the sliding material 1 of the embodiment and the sliding material of the comparative example were compared to confirm the effects of the sliding material 1 of the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional shape of a sliding material containing an Mn-Si based intermetallic compound according to a comparative example, viewed from a cross section.
- the Mn-Si intermetallic compound has a chemical structure of Mn 5 Si 3 , has a preferential crystal direction of growth, and has a morphology in which it grows individually and in the form of hexagonal needles.
- the nanoindentation hardness of the Mn-Si intermetallic compound was 16.8GPa.
- This hexagonal needle-shaped Mn-based silicide compound lacks toughness because stress is concentrated at the corners.
- Mn-Si intermetallic compounds have strong crystallinity and break easily, and on friction-wear surfaces, they are partially crushed, liberated, separated, and become foreign substances. At this time, problems such as rolling on the sliding surface and damaging the mating material occur, which can also cause seizure. This is particularly a problem for sliding materials used under harsh conditions.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional shape of a sliding material containing an Mn-Fe-Si based intermetallic compound of a comparative example, viewed from a cross section.
- the Mn-Fe-Si intermetallic compound has a chemical structure of (Mn,Fe) 5 Si 3 .
- the Mn-Fe-Si intermetallic compound like the Mn-Si intermetallic compound, has a crystal direction in which it preferentially grows, and has a morphology in which it grows individually and in the form of hexagonal needles.
- Mn-Fe-Si intermetallic compounds became eutectic and changed into a granular continuous structure.
- the nanoindentation hardness of the Mn-Fe-Si intermetallic compound was 18.5 GPa.
- the nanoindation hardness of Mn-Fe-Si intermetallic compounds increases slightly due to ternaryization.
- the sliding material 1 of the embodiment has a structure of (Cr,Fe) 3 Si in a base 2 of a brass-based cast alloy, has a rounded curved surface, and is partially composed of a Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound.
- the nanoindation hardness of the region C of the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 is 20 GPa or more and 28 GPa or less.
- the sliding material 1 of the embodiment has excellent wear resistance and low friction by having the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3.
- the intermetallic compound consisting of Cr, Fe and Si includes (Cr,Fe) 3 Si (specifically, (Cr 0.85 Fe 0.15 ) 3 Si) and a Fe-Cr-Si intermetallic compound (Fe,Cr) 3 Si (specifically, (Fe 0.85 Cr 0.15 ) 3 Si) containing Fe as the main component.
- Fe,Cr Fe-Cr-Si intermetallic compound
- FIG. 6 shows the morphology of the Fe-Cr-Si intermetallic compound.
- the Fe-Cr-Si intermetallic compound is a compound having a structure of (Fe 0.85 Cr 0.15 ) 3 Si.
- Fe-Cr-Si intermetallic compounds are compounds in which a portion (85%) of Cr in a Cr 3 Si compound is partially replaced by the same transition metal Fe.
- FIG. 7 is a SEM photograph showing the three-dimensional structure of the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3. As shown in FIG. 7, the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 has a rounded curved surface and has a three-dimensionally connected form.
- This three-dimensionally connected form is not found in the comparative example shown in FIG. 4, and is a form that provides excellent tribo performance.
- Fe-Cr-Si intermetallic compounds crystallize in lumps and are finely dispersed, so their contribution to the triboelectric properties is small.
- Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 and Fe-Cr-Si intermetallic compound tend to crystallize at the same time, and the present inventors aimed to utilize only Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound.
- the purpose is to utilize the Cr-Fe-Si based intermetallic compound 3, which is characterized by having Cr as a main component, having a rounded curved surface, and having a partially connected three-dimensional structure. .
- Brass-based casting alloys are evaluated for wear resistance and low friction (low ⁇ property) according to the basic tribology equation (1).
- ⁇ ⁇ 0 /P H ⁇ (1)
- ⁇ friction coefficient
- ⁇ 0 shear force of lubricant
- P H hardness (load/area).
- the coefficient of friction ⁇ is proportional to the shear force of the lubricant and inversely proportional to the hardness of the base.
- Hardness P H is the load divided by the contact area.
- the shape of the compound should ideally be close to a spherical shape to reduce the contact area, and if the compound is hard, the coefficient of friction can be lowered.
- FIG. 8 shows the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 of the embodiment.
- the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 of the embodiment has a hard, rounded curved surface, and is in the form of a connected compound.
- the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 of the embodiment is hard, has a small friction surface, and has an increased heat dissipation area, which can be said to be a form capable of lowering the coefficient of friction.
- FIG. 9 shows a Mn-Fe-Si intermetallic compound as a comparative example.
- the Mn-Fe-Si intermetallic compound of the comparative example has a square shape, and the compounds are independent and not connected.
- the effect of the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 of the embodiment is according to the above basic tribology equation (1), and the increase in P H (hardness) lowers the coefficient of friction, and the presence of a lubricant results in:
- the objective is to reduce the frictional work expressed by ⁇ load ⁇ velocity, thereby reducing the generation of frictional heat and exhibiting a low-friction effect.
- V The amount of wear (V) on the sliding material is expressed by equation (2).
- V Z(P/P H )L...(2)
- the amount of wear (V) is proportional to the wear coefficient Z, load P, and friction distance L, and inversely proportional to the hardness P H. Therefore, by increasing the hardness of the compound crystallized in the soft brass alloy, it is possible to reduce the amount of wear.
- the nanoindentation hardness of region C of the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 of the embodiment is 20 GPa to 28 GPa, and the structure has excellent wear resistance.
- intermetallic compounds act as load points and generate strong frictional heat. This frictional heat is dissipated through the interface between the intermetallic compound and the copper alloy matrix. Therefore, the fact that the compounds are three-dimensionally connected increases the surface area of the entire intermetallic compound and dramatically increases the heat dissipation efficiency. This high heat dissipation efficiency during friction prevents a rise in surface temperature and alleviates severe friction conditions.
- the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 of the embodiment has a large surface area and is connected, the heat exchange area increases and the frictional heat generated by concentrated load can be appropriately diffused. Having such a three-dimensional structure is an important element in the field of friction and wear.
- Having a three-dimensionally connected structure is particularly advantageous in terms of tribo performance and wear resistance. As shown in Fig. 10, even when worn from A-A' ⁇ B-B' ⁇ C-C', Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compounds 3 appear and continuously improve wear resistance and low friction. maintained.
- the shape and continuity of the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 have important meanings, and it functions effectively as a high-temperature, high-load bearing material.
- the continuity of the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 can be said to be an excellent structure that promotes the formation of an optimal low-friction surface while being worn.
- Table 2 shows the composition of intermetallic compounds contained in the sliding materials of Examples and Comparative Examples.
- the sliding materials of Examples and Comparative Examples contain the intermetallic compounds shown in Table 1 in a brass cast alloy base of Cu-26Zn-5Al.
- Example 1 is a sliding material in which a Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 is crystallized in the base material.
- Comparative Example 1 is a sliding material in which an Fe-Cr-Si intermetallic compound is crystallized in the base material.
- Comparative Example 2 is a sliding material in which Mn 5 Si 3 , a so-called Mn-Si intermetallic compound, is crystallized in the base material.
- Comparative Example 3 is a sliding material in which (Mn,Fe) 5 Si 3 , a so-called Mn-Fe-Si intermetallic compound, is crystallized in the base material.
- Table 1 shows the chemical formula of each intermetallic compound, the crystallization form of the intermetallic compound (the shape of the intermetallic compound, the continuity (bonding, connection) of the intermetallic compound), and the nanoindentation of the region where the intermetallic compound exists. Hardness (GPa) is shown. The amount of Si added was 0.3%, and the amounts of Mn, Fe, Cr, etc. added were determined according to the composition of the compound to be crystallized.
- pure Cu is first melted at a melting temperature of 1100°C, then Zn is added in a specified amount to create a Cu-Zn alloy, Al is added and melted, and then the temperature is raised to 1200°C. After heating, a master alloy of the necessary elements was added and melted, melted and cast to the desired composition, and processed into the shape of a test piece.
- the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3 of Example 1 is an extremely hard intermetallic compound, and this hardness greatly affects the tribo performance.
- Figure 11 shows an overview of the reciprocating sliding test device.
- the amount of wear can be measured using a so-called pin-on-disk type reciprocating sliding test device.
- 1 indicates the pressurizing device
- 2 indicates the test material
- 3 indicates the mating material.
- 4 is a motor that slides the mating material back and forth. The test conditions are shown below.
- ⁇ Testing machine Reciprocating load testing machine ⁇ Sliding speed: 2m/min ⁇ Reciprocating sliding distance: 150mm ⁇ Total sliding distance: 500m ⁇ Test temperature (bearing back temperature): 100°C ⁇ Mating material: S45C surface hardened material, surface roughness Ra3.0 ⁇ Lubricating oil: VG32 ⁇ Abrasion test load: 30MPa constant load
- Table 2 shows the amount of wear of the sliding materials of Examples and Comparative Examples.
- Example 1 provides much better wear resistance than the sliding material of Comparative Example 1 and the conventionally used sliding materials of Comparative Examples 2 and 3.
- the sliding material of the example has excellent tribological performance improved by the crystallization of the Cr-Fe-Si intermetallic compound 3, which has excellent tribological performance in terms of crystallization form and nanoindenter hardness. has been proven.
- the sliding material of the embodiment can be used in harsh sliding environment conditions such as construction machine parts, automobile engine parts, transmission parts, hydraulic parts, aircraft parts, etc., at low speeds and high loads, at high speeds and high rotations, or under corrosive environments.
- the sliding material of the embodiment is useful for applications requiring wear resistance and low friction properties, and can provide a highly reliable sliding material.
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
テスト荷重 800μN
負荷 1s
保持 0.4s
除荷 1s
HIT =HIT8x10-4/1/0.4/1(備考:ISO 14577-1 Annex A)
1. 試料測定面をイオンミリング装置にて研磨し、平滑な表面とする。
2. Cr-Fe-Si系金属間化合物3を含む視野内の構成成分を、SEM/EDSを用いて確認する。次に、ナノインデーテーション測定装置のカメラを用いて、Cr-Fe-Si系金属間化合物3と同一視野であることを確認する。これにより、ナノインデンテーション測定視野を決定する。
3. Cr-Fe-Si系金属間化合物3を含む、13.5μm×13.5μmの視野において、1.5μm格子間隔のグリッドを設定する。グリッドの合計100点の格子点のナノインデンテーション硬さを上記のナノインデンテーション測定条件で順次計測する。
4. 上記測定結果を基に、同一のナノインデンテーション硬さの点を線で接続することにより等高線図を得る。図2は、同一の硬さの点を線で接続することにより得られた等高線図である。次に、図2のナノインデンテーション硬さのピークを通り、X軸に平行な線(図2中のD-D’)で、等高線の断面をとる。図3は、等高線の断面をとることにより得られた硬さ分布を示す断面図である。
5. 図3の硬さ断面図において、Aは素地2の領域を示し、Bは素地2とCr-Fe-Si系金属間化合物3との境界領域を示し、CはCr-Fe-Si系金属間化合物3の領域を示す。
μ=τ0/PH ・・・(1)
ただし、μ:摩擦係数、τ0 :潤滑物質のせん断力、PH :硬さ(荷重/面積)である。
V=Z(P/PH)L ・・・(2)
以下に、本発明の実施例について説明をする。なお、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されない。
・試験機 :往復動荷重試験機
・摺動速度 :2m/min
・往復摺動距離:150mm
・トータル摺動距離:500m
・試験温度(軸受背面温度):100℃
・相手材 :S45C表面焼入材、表面粗さRa3.0
・潤滑油 :VG32
・摩耗試験荷重:30MPa一定荷重
Claims (4)
- 黄銅合金からなる素地と、
前記素地に含まれたCr-Fe-Si系金属間化合物と、を有する摺動材であって、
前記Cr-Fe-Si系金属間化合物が晶出した領域のナノインデンテーション硬さが、20GPa以上28GPa以下である、ことを特徴とする摺動材。 - 前記Cr-Fe-Si系金属間化合物は、当該Cr-Fe-Si系金属間化合物が連結した立体構造を有する、請求項1に記載の摺動材。
- 前記Cr-Fe-Si系金属間化合物は、丸みを帯び曲面で構成された形状を有する、請求項1または2に記載の摺動材。
- 前記Cr-Fe-Si系金属間化合物は、(Cr,Fe)3Siの化学構造を有する、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の摺動材。
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JPS60114545A (ja) | 1983-11-25 | 1985-06-21 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 耐摩耗性銅合金 |
JPS6141738A (ja) | 1984-07-27 | 1986-02-28 | デイール、ゲゼルシヤフト、ミツト、ベシユレンクテル、ハフツング、ウント、コンパニー | 真ちゆう合金 |
JPH01252745A (ja) | 1988-03-31 | 1989-10-09 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Cu系焼結合金製変速機同期リング |
JP2010159443A (ja) | 2009-01-06 | 2010-07-22 | Oiles Ind Co Ltd | 摺動部材用高力黄銅合金および摺動部材 |
JP2010265500A (ja) | 2009-05-13 | 2010-11-25 | Oiles Ind Co Ltd | 摺動部材用高力黄銅合金および摺動部材 |
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JPS60114545A (ja) | 1983-11-25 | 1985-06-21 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 耐摩耗性銅合金 |
JPS6141738A (ja) | 1984-07-27 | 1986-02-28 | デイール、ゲゼルシヤフト、ミツト、ベシユレンクテル、ハフツング、ウント、コンパニー | 真ちゆう合金 |
JPH01252745A (ja) | 1988-03-31 | 1989-10-09 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Cu系焼結合金製変速機同期リング |
JP2010159443A (ja) | 2009-01-06 | 2010-07-22 | Oiles Ind Co Ltd | 摺動部材用高力黄銅合金および摺動部材 |
JP2010265500A (ja) | 2009-05-13 | 2010-11-25 | Oiles Ind Co Ltd | 摺動部材用高力黄銅合金および摺動部材 |
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