WO2023180582A1 - Circuit de puissance et procédé pour augmenter les forces de décollement lors de la commutation d'un relais, relais, dispositif de charge et unité de commande - Google Patents

Circuit de puissance et procédé pour augmenter les forces de décollement lors de la commutation d'un relais, relais, dispositif de charge et unité de commande Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023180582A1
WO2023180582A1 PCT/EP2023/057836 EP2023057836W WO2023180582A1 WO 2023180582 A1 WO2023180582 A1 WO 2023180582A1 EP 2023057836 W EP2023057836 W EP 2023057836W WO 2023180582 A1 WO2023180582 A1 WO 2023180582A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
excitation
switching
control unit
relay
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/057836
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rudolf Haeussermann
Robert Ruef
Original Assignee
Webasto SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Webasto SE filed Critical Webasto SE
Publication of WO2023180582A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023180582A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
    • H01H47/325—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device by switching regulator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H47/20—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for producing frequency-selective operation of the relay
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H01H2047/003—Detecting welded contacts and applying weld break pulses to coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
    • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
    • H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power circuit and a method for increasing the release forces when switching a mechanical relay controlled with a mechanical excitation coil, as well as a relay, a charger and a control unit.
  • AC chargers for electric vehicles which are provided in a wallbox or a cordset, for example, switch the power path between the power grid and the electric vehicle using electromagnetic relays.
  • These relays have special requirements regarding the welding resistance of the contacts. For example, significant inrush currents arise when charging the input filter of electric vehicles. Switching off under load can lead to arcing and contact wear. In some cases, these effects are limited by the relevant specifications. However, it can happen that these specifications are exceeded under real conditions. The relays therefore have to be significantly oversized in terms of welding resistance.
  • the course of the control voltage is selected so that the contact means is excited to oscillate with a natural frequency of the contact means and a mechanical “shaking” is achieved on the contact means.
  • a power circuit for increasing the release forces of a mechanical relay controlled with an excitation coil, preferably in an AC (alternating current) charger for a motor vehicle comprising a spring-loaded armature.
  • the power circuit includes a control unit that can be connected to the excitation coil of the relay and is designed and set up to apply a switching voltage to the excitation coil of the relay at a predetermined switching time for switching the relay.
  • the armature can be released from an electrical contact by means of a return spring to disconnect an electrical connection between the armature and the contact.
  • the armature is pressed onto the contact by a magnetic force from the excitation coil due to the switching voltage, which counteracts the return spring.
  • this can also be the other way around.
  • the switching voltage in the excitation coil to generate the switching force that presses or releases the armature onto the contact can have a constant average value.
  • the switching voltage can be generated by a control device at the time of switching.
  • the switching time can be received by the control device by means of an input signal, for example from a timer or a battery control device of a motor vehicle, comprising the switching time for starting or ending charging and/or stored in a memory.
  • the control unit can control the excitation coil with the switching voltage to establish, i.e. armature is on the contact, or disconnect, i.e. armature is released from the contact, the electrical connection.
  • a welded connection can arise between the armature and the contact due to flashover voltages, which can result in the armature no longer being able to be released from the contact by the return spring or by a switching force of the excitation coil.
  • the anchor can therefore adhere or stick to the contact.
  • the power circuit is characterized in that the control unit is designed and set up to apply, in addition to the switching voltage of the excitation coil of the relay, an excitation voltage that is synchronized with the switching time (in a time interval before and/or simultaneously and/or in a time interval after) and periodically to provide additional dynamic switching force.
  • synchronous can mean that the excitation voltage can be impressed on the switching voltage by the control device in a time interval before or after the switching time or at the same time as the switching time.
  • the excitation voltage can cause a fluctuating magnetic force of the excitation coil on the armature and thus cause the armature to vibrate, in particular to mechanically shake.
  • the vibration can create additional dynamic switching force in addition to the restoring force the return spring or the excitation coil through the switching voltage to disconnect the electrical connection and cause the armature to be released from the contact, in particular the welded connection.
  • control unit can apply the excitation voltage to the switching voltage before the switching time and stimulate the contact to vibrate before the switching process in order to prevent the armature from sticking to the contact before switching solve.
  • the switching time can also be delayed based on an external switching command by the excitation time interval desired before the switching time.
  • control device can apply the excitation voltage to the switching voltage simultaneously with the switching process or after the switching process and thus increase the switching force of the restoring force or the excitation coil by means of vibration.
  • the control unit is designed and set up to provide the excitation voltage at an excitation frequency which is in the range of the natural frequency of the spring-mass system comprising the spring-loaded armature, in particular in the range of the natural frequency of the armature.
  • the dynamic force can be optimized in that the excitation frequency in the excitation coil causes a magnetic force on the armature, which oscillates at the natural frequency of the spring-mass system comprising the armature and the return spring and generates a resonance.
  • the excitation frequency can also assume the natural frequency of the armature, so that a connection between the armature and the contact can be released by the resonance.
  • the anchor and contact can be made of different materials.
  • the anchor can be made of iron and the contact can be made of a silver alloy or can include these materials.
  • the anchor and the contact can also be made of the same material. This has the advantage that the energy required to release the armature from the contact is optimized by exploiting mechanical resonance and the force to release the armature from the contact, which is caused by the resonance, enables a smaller design of the spring and coil.
  • the control unit is designed and set up to vary (wobble) the excitation frequency over a predefined period of time, in particular to adjust the excitation frequency to a changed natural frequency of the spring-mass system or the armature by means of the variation.
  • the natural frequency of the spring-mass system or the armature can change due to at least a mechanical tolerance and/or a temperature fluctuation and must therefore be determined again. This can be determined heuristically by varying the excitation frequency.
  • the control device can increase or decrease the excitation frequency in a frequency band, for example depending on the temperature. If the armature separates from the contact when the excitation frequency is reached, a resonance may occur. The excitation frequency reached can be saved as a new resonance frequency. This makes it easy to determine a changing resonance frequency. This has the advantage that changing environmental conditions can be taken into account by the control unit.
  • control unit is designed and set up to modulate the excitation voltage by means of pulse width modulation, in particular with an asymmetrical duty cycle, i.e. not equal to (0.5) half the period duration.
  • the armature is made of a non-permanent magnetic material such as iron, the armature can only be attracted and not repelled by the excitation coil.
  • the armature can be alternately pressed or pulled away from the contact by means of a sum of a spring force of the return spring and the tightening force of the excitation coil.
  • the attraction force of the excitation coil can be zero for as long as possible or the excitation voltage can be zero by means of pulse width modulation until the armature swings back due to the restoring force of the restoring spring.
  • the duration over which the attraction force of the excitation coil acts on the armature and the duration over which the armature swings back due to the return spring can be of different lengths.
  • the excitation voltage required for the attraction force of the excitation coil can be generated by the control unit using pulse width modulation, in particular with an asymmetrical duty cycle.
  • the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation In particular, if it is not equal to half the period (0.5) of the excitation frequency, the excitation voltage can be set to a mechanical time constant of the return spring, in particular to the duration of the armature swinging back.
  • the armature can consist of a permanent magnetic material, so that the armature is alternately electrically pulled away or pressed against the contact by the periodic course of the excitation voltage.
  • the vibration can be converted into a rhythmic pulling away without pressing. This can further improve vibration efficiency.
  • the period halves can have the negative voltage values can be used as the excitation voltage and/or the odd multiples of the period half with the negative voltage values.
  • this can also be the other way around.
  • the control unit is set up to impose the excitation voltage on the switching voltage over the predefined period of time, which in particular includes a duration for reducing and / or building up a magnetic field of the excitation coil.
  • the predefined period of time for applying the excitation voltage can take into account the time required to build up or reduce the magnetic field of the excitation coil, which can cause the force that presses the armature onto the contact.
  • the duration of the reduction of the magnetic field of the excitation coil can be longer or shorter than the duration of the build-up of the magnetic field, for example due to the use of freewheeling diodes in the power circuit. The time it takes to build up and break down the magnetic field of the excitation coil is therefore asymmetrical.
  • the duration for the reduction of the magnetic field can be at least partially equal to the period in which the excitation voltage is applied are added, whereas at least partially the duration for building up the magnetic field is added to the period where the excitation voltage is zero and the return spring acts on the armature.
  • the duration for building up the magnetic field can be at least partially added to the period of time for the excitation voltage to be applied, whereas at least partially the duration can be added Reduction of the magnetic field is added to the period where the excitation voltage is zero.
  • the timing of the application of the excitation voltage can thus be adapted to the oscillation behavior of the spring-mass system, in particular by modulating the excitation voltage using pulse width modulation with an asymmetrical duty cycle in order to meet the resonance frequency of the spring-mass system.
  • This has the advantage that the timing of the application of the excitation voltage can be adapted to the oscillation behavior of the spring-mass system.
  • control unit is designed and set up to measure a voltage in a primary circuit, which the armature opens or closes, by means of a measuring device, in particular after the switching time.
  • the voltage in the primary circuit can be measured by the control unit.
  • the threshold value can be at least partially the value of the operating voltage of the primary circuit.
  • control unit can determine the switching state of the relay by using an auxiliary contact (monitor contact) in the relay.
  • control unit can be set up to measure the current, in particular a rate of current rise, in the secondary circuit for determining the switching state of the relay. Opening or closing the relay can change an inductance of the excitation coil by changing the position of the armature with respect to the excitation coil. For example, with a closed relay, a larger portion of the armature may be in the field coil than with an open relay. The change in inductance due to a change in the switching state of the relay causes a change in the rate of rise of the current in the secondary circuit.
  • the control unit can determine the respective switching state of the relay by measuring the rate of current rise in the secondary circuit. In particular, by measuring the current and/or The speed of current rise in the secondary circuit can be checked for plausibility by the control unit.
  • the control unit can check the plausibility of whether the armature is still resting on the contact or has been released from the contact by monitoring, in particular by means of at least two different methods for determining the switching state.
  • a changing resonance frequency can be determined by monitoring the current in the primary circuit by the control unit and a natural frequency of the mass-spring system or the armature that changes due to environmental influences. While the excitation voltage is being applied to release the armature from the contact, the excitation frequency can be varied by the control unit, for example increased or decreased.
  • the excitation frequency at which the measured current in the secondary circuit reaches a minimum and the armature is released from the contact due to a resonance effect can be stored as a new natural frequency or resonance frequency by the control unit.
  • the resonance frequency can shift from the original resonance frequency of the spring-mass system.
  • the resonance frequency may increase in this case, and this can be recognized by the control unit when the measured current reaches the minimum. This results in the advantage that by monitoring the current in the secondary circuit, switching reliability can be increased and an additional means for determining a new natural frequency can be provided when environmental conditions change.
  • control unit is set up to apply the excitation voltage to the switching voltage when the measured voltage reaches a threshold value after the switching time and/or to apply the excitation voltage to the switching voltage until the measured voltage in the primary circuit is essentially zero .
  • the imposition of the excitation voltage can be made dependent on the condition as to whether the armature has actually detached from the contact after the switching time for disconnecting the electrical connection . This can be determined by the control unit by measuring the voltage in the primary circuit and/or by measuring the rate of current rise in the secondary circuit or alternatively by measuring the voltage with respect to an auxiliary contact (monitor contact).
  • the control unit can detect sticking or detachment of the armature from the Recognize contact. Additionally or alternatively, the control unit can detect and/or check the plausibility of whether the relay is open or closed by measuring the current in the primary circuit.
  • the threshold value can be different from zero and can be at least partially the value of the operating voltage of the primary circuit.
  • the control unit can detect that the armature is sticking to the contact and can apply the excitation voltage to the switching voltage for disconnecting the electrical connection, so that the armature is fed through the excitation coil to the contact Vibration is caused and comes away from contact.
  • the control unit can align the duration of the application of the excitation voltage according to the predetermined period of time, in particular the duration for the build-up or reduction of the magnetic field of the excitation coil, or, additionally or alternatively, apply the excitation voltage to the switching voltage until the measured voltage after the switching time for disconnecting the electrical connection is essentially zero, i.e. the relay is open, and/or the measured current in the primary circuit is essentially zero. This has the advantage that the safety of the relay is improved.
  • a relay which includes at least one of the power circuits described herein.
  • a charger or charging cable which includes at least one of the power circuits described herein and/or the relay described herein.
  • control unit can use an excitation voltage to control an excitation coil in the power circuit, which establishes or separates an electrical connection between at least two contacts of a primary circuit by means of a contact means at a switching time.
  • a periodic course of the excitation voltage that is synchronous with the switching time (in a time interval before and/or at the same time and/or in a time interval after) can cause the contact means to vibrate, with the vibration increasing a switching force of the contact means for separating or establishing the electrical connection .
  • control unit for operating the power circuit, in particular a relay, wherein the control unit comprises at least one processor and/or at least one memory, wherein program instructions are stored in the memory, which cause the at least one processor to carry out the method.
  • control unit can have a data processing device or at least a processor device that is set up to carry out an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • the processor device can have at least one microprocessor and/or at least one microcontroller and/or at least one FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and/or at least one DSP (Digital Signal Processor).
  • the processor device can have program code that is designed to carry out the embodiment of the method according to the invention when executed by the processor device.
  • the program code can be stored in a data memory or processor device.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the electrical circuit that is installed in a charging station or in a charging cable for an electric vehicle
  • Figure 2 shows an exemplary course of the control voltage, taking into account the duty cycle of a pulse width modulation
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic progression of the method for increasing the release force in the electrical circuit.
  • a charger 1 schematically shows a charger 1, such as a charging station or a wallbox, for charging an electrically powered motor vehicle 5.
  • the charger 1 is connected to an electrical network, which forms the primary circuit 2, and charges the motor vehicle 5 via a relay 3.
  • the relay 3 can also be integrated in a control unit of the charging cable 4.
  • the relay 3 establishes an electrical connection between the primary circuit 2 and the motor vehicle 5 over the charging period by closing the relay 3 for charging and opening it to end charging.
  • a detailed schematic representation of the relay 3 is shown, which is connected, for example, to a phase L1 of the primary circuit 2 and, by means of the armature 10, establishes or separates an electrical connection 11 between the contacts 9 and 9 'by opening or closing the armature 10.
  • relay 3 can be a contactor.
  • the excitation voltage UA can be applied to the switching voltage synchronously with the switching time tout to disconnect the electrical connection 11 .
  • the excitation voltage UA can have a periodic course comprising at least one excitation frequency.
  • the excitation voltage UA is generated by the control unit 7 and causes a vibration, in particular a shaking, of the armature 10, which increases the switching force for releasing the armature 10 from the contact 9, so that the switching force can overcome the adhesion of the armature 10 to the contact 9.
  • the excitation voltage UA can be activated by the control unit 7 before or simultaneously or after the switching time tout to disconnect the electrical connection 11 from the control unit 7.
  • the period of time as long as the control unit 7 activates the excitation voltage UA or applies it to the switching voltage can be a predetermined duration, such as 0.5, 1 or 1.5 s seconds or the duration for building up or reducing a magnetic field of the excitation coil 8 depending on a design of the relay must be set, i.e. whether an average value of the switching voltage is not equal to 0 V or equal to 0 V to disconnect the electrical connection 11.
  • control unit 7 can measure a voltage in the primary circuit 2 synchronously with the switching time tout by means of a measuring device 12, which is essentially 0 V after the electrical connection 11 has been disconnected after the switching time tout. If the voltage measured by the control unit 7 exceeds a threshold value after the switching time tout, the control unit 7 can control the excitation coil 8 with the excitation voltage UA, so that the excitation coil 8 causes the contact means 10 to vibrate, which causes the Armature 10 shakes away from contact 9.
  • the threshold value can, for example, be at least partially the operating voltage of the primary circuit, for example 20 V.
  • the control unit 7 can effect the duration of activating the excitation voltage UA until the measured voltage in the primary circuit after the switching time tout is 0 V.
  • the excitation voltage can be modulated asymmetrically by the control unit, so that the different duration for building up or reducing the magnetic field of the excitation coil 8 and the duration as long as the return spring 15 resets the armature 10 can be taken into account.
  • the vibration of the armature 10 in two directions or only in one direction can be caused by the excitation coil 8 by a course of the excitation voltage UA predetermined by the control unit 7. If the armature 10 vibrates in only one direction, this corresponds to a rhythmic pulling on the armature 10 away from the contact 9.
  • This can be effected by the control unit 7 in that the control unit 7 modulates the excitation voltage UA by means of pulse width modulation with an asymmetrical duty cycle and provides the excitation voltage UA modulated in this way to the excitation coil 8.
  • the excitation voltage UA in III can be generated based on an information signal 14 with the period T in I by means of a pulse width modulation 13 according to II.
  • the information signal 14 can be a sine signal and, additionally or alternatively, also a periodic square wave or a triangle or a sawtooth signal or a combination of the previously mentioned signal forms.
  • the excitation voltage UA can be generated by the control unit 7 from the information signal 14 by means of a pulse width modulation 13 with a duty cycle of, for example, 0.5 of the period T to II. This creates the excitation voltage UA to III, which is applied to the excitation coil 8.
  • the excitation voltage UA includes the odd multiples 17 of at least one period T of the sinusoid of the information signal 14, here only the antinodes with negative voltage values. Depending on the design of the relay, these can also be the positive voltage values.
  • the armature 10 is made of a non-permanent magnetic material, such as iron, the armature 10 can only be attracted and not repelled by the excitation coil 8. A vibration or shaking can therefore be generated by alternately tightening the armature 10 to the contact 9 by the excitation coil 8 and pulling the armature 10 away from the contact 9 by the return spring 15. Due to the course of the excitation voltage UA to III on the excitation coil 8, the armature 10 can be pressed in a direction towards the contact 9 by the negative voltage values of the excitation voltage UA, while the Return spring 15 pulls the armature 10 away from contact 9 when the excitation voltage UA to III is 0 V.
  • a non-permanent magnetic material such as iron
  • the excitation voltage UA is essentially 0 V, so that the return spring 15 can pull the armature 10 away from the contact 9.
  • the excitation voltage UA according to III is therefore alternately switched on and off by means of the pulse width modulation 13 according to II, so that a vibration or shaking of the armature 10 occurs in order to release the armature 10 from the contact 9 during welding.
  • the period of time as long as the excitation voltage UA is different from 0 V can be set according to II using the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation 13.
  • An asymmetrical duty cycle is set in II.
  • the duration as long as the attraction force of the excitation coil 8 acts on the armature 10 and the duration as long as the armature 10 swings back due to the return spring 15 can be different.
  • the excitation voltage UA required for the attraction force of the excitation coil 8 can be generated by the control unit 7 by means of the pulse width modulation 13 with the asymmetric duty cycle according to II in order to generate a vibration or shaking of the armature 10.
  • the excitation voltage UA can be set to a mechanical time constant of the return spring 15, in particular to the duration of the armature's swing back.
  • the duration for the build-up and/or breakdown of the magnetic field of the excitation coil 8 can be taken into account.
  • the excitation voltage UA in III can be 0 V until the magnetic field of the excitation coil has subsided and the return spring 15 pulls the armature 10 away from the contact 9.
  • the excitation voltage UA in III can have the negative voltage values until the magnetic field of the excitation coil 8 has built up and pushes the armature 10 in the direction of the contact 9.
  • the duration of the build-up and breakdown of the magnetic field can be different, so that the excitation voltage UA during the period T is 0 V for different lengths of time and, on the other hand, has the non-zero voltage values, here the negative voltage values of the multiples 17 in III.
  • the control unit 7 can generate the excitation voltage UA according to III by adjusting the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation 13 according to II, an asymmetrical duty cycle, from the information signal 14.
  • the control device 7 can additionally set or change the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation 13 so that the excitation voltage UA and thus a vibration pattern of the armature 10 varies over a period of time or is adapted to changing environmental conditions of the spring-mass system.
  • the positive and negative voltage values in the case of a permanent magnetic armature 10 can alternately cause the armature 10 to be pulled off (positive) and pushed forward (negatively) from or to the contact 9. This can be undesirable because the armature 10, which is pressed against the contact 9 again after the switching time tout to disconnect the electrical connection 11.
  • the alternating withdrawal can be effected by means of the odd-numbered multiples 17 of the periods with the negative voltage values in the excitation voltage UA.
  • the positive and negative voltage values can be swapped.
  • Figure 3 shows a course of the method for increasing the release forces of a mechanical relay 3 controlled with the excitation coil 8.
  • a first step S1 an input signal 16 is received from the control unit 7, which comes, for example, a signal from a timer or a battery control unit and includes a switching time tout to end the charging process.
  • the control unit 7 stores the switching time tout in a memory.
  • the control unit 7 applies a switching voltage to the excitation coil 8, so that the armature 10 is released from the contact 9 to disconnect the electrical connection 11.
  • a return spring can release the armature 10 from the contact 9.
  • the control unit 7 applies an excitation voltage UA to the switching voltage in a third step S3 synchronously with the switching time tout.
  • the excitation voltage UA can be impressed within a time interval before or after the switching time tout or at the same time as the switching time tout.
  • control unit 7 can measure a voltage in the primary circuit 2 after the switching time tout by means of a measuring device 12 and if the measured voltage after the switching time tout essentially reaches a threshold value, the control unit 7 can detect that the armature 10 is sticking to the contact 9 and impress the excitation voltage UA onto the switching voltage.
  • the threshold value can at least partially be the operating voltage of the primary circuit.
  • the excitation coil 8 is controlled by the excitation voltage UA in such a way that it causes the armature 10 to vibrate and the armature 10 is released from the contact 9 due to the dynamic force of the vibration.
  • the control unit 7 deactivates the excitation voltage UA after a predetermined period of time has elapsed.
  • the Period can be, for example, 0.5, 1 to 10 seconds. Alternatively, the period can correspond to a multiple of the time until the magnetic field of the excitation coil 8 is built up or reduced. Additionally or alternatively, the control unit can deactivate the excitation voltage UA if the voltage measured in the primary circuit 2 by means of the measuring device 12 is essentially 0 V. Alternatively, the voltage can be measured using an auxiliary contact (monitor contact).
  • the aim is to increase the release forces without changing the design of the relay.
  • the return spring together with the armature, forms a spring-mass system.
  • a dynamic force can be generated in addition to the spring force.
  • the excitation occurs by periodically energizing the excitation coil with the mechanical natural frequency.
  • the control is carried out by a controller, which is usually already present on the system anyway.
  • the current can also be regulated using, for example, PWM (pulse width modulation).
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • the required on and off times of the coil are determined experimentally. In this case, it is necessary to vary the excitation frequency over time (wobble) in order to reach the resonance point even if the resonance frequency differs (tolerances, temperature).
  • the resonance point can also be set and/or controlled by monitoring the coil current.
  • the activation of the excitation frequency can either be carried out across the board with every switch-off process or only when necessary, i.e. the relay has not yet released despite the coil voltage being switched off.
  • the excitation frequency is applied either for a predefined time or until the contact is released. This control can be done either by monitoring the switched voltages or by using an auxiliary contact set or again by monitoring the field coil current.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un circuit de puissance permettant d'augmenter les forces de décollement lors de la commutation d'un relais mécanique (3) dans un dispositif de charge (1) ou dans un câble de charge (4) pour un véhicule automobile (5). Le relais (3) comprend un induit sollicité par ressort (10) servant à établir ou couper une connexion électrique (11) dans un circuit de courant primaire (2) pour charger le véhicule automobile (5), l'induit (10) étant déplacé par une unité de commande (7) à l'aide d'une bobine d'excitation (8). L'unité de commande (7) du relais (3) est conçue pour appliquer la tension de commutation de la bobine d'excitation en synchronisation avec un instant de commutation (tout) afin de couper la connexion électrique avec une tension d'excitation périodique (UA) à une fréquence d'excitation qui correspond à une fréquence caractéristique du système ressort-masse de l'induit (10) du relais (3). La tension d'excitation (UA) amène l'induit (10) à vibrer, décollant, en raison de la force dynamique, l'induit (10) du contact (9) si l'induit (10) adhère au contact (9) en raison d'une liaison pendant le fonctionnement.
PCT/EP2023/057836 2022-03-25 2023-03-27 Circuit de puissance et procédé pour augmenter les forces de décollement lors de la commutation d'un relais, relais, dispositif de charge et unité de commande WO2023180582A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022107181.2 2022-03-25
DE102022107181.2A DE102022107181B3 (de) 2022-03-25 2022-03-25 Leistungsschaltung und Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Lösekräfte beim Schalten eines Relais, sowie ein Relais, ein Ladegerät und eine Steuereinheit

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WO2023180582A1 true WO2023180582A1 (fr) 2023-09-28

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PCT/EP2023/057836 WO2023180582A1 (fr) 2022-03-25 2023-03-27 Circuit de puissance et procédé pour augmenter les forces de décollement lors de la commutation d'un relais, relais, dispositif de charge et unité de commande

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0294794A2 (fr) * 1987-06-10 1988-12-14 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft, Patentabteilung AJ-3 Procédé pour ouvrir les contacts soudés d'un relais ainsi que circuit pour son exécution
WO2005069330A1 (fr) 2003-12-30 2005-07-28 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Dispositif microcommutateur electromecanique
DE102004036252A1 (de) * 2004-07-26 2006-03-23 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Elektrisches System mit wenigstens einem relaisgesteuertem elektrischem Verbraucher und Verfahren zum Ansteuern eines entsprechenden Schaltrelais
DE102006054294A1 (de) * 2005-11-21 2007-05-31 GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit System und Verfahren zum Überwachen eines elektrischen Leistungsrelais in einem Hybridelektrofahrzeug
FR2959593A1 (fr) * 2010-04-30 2011-11-04 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Appareil de commutation electromagnetique de type contacteur et procede d'ouverture d'un tel appareil.
DE102011052173B3 (de) 2011-07-27 2012-09-27 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Elektromagnetischer Aktuator
DE102012011251A1 (de) 2012-06-06 2013-12-12 Man Truck & Bus Ag Vorrichtung mit einem elektromechanischen Relais in einem elektrischen Lastkreis und einem elektrischen Lastkreis und einem elektrischen Steuerkreis
DE102012222129A1 (de) 2012-12-04 2014-06-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Ansteuerkreises eines elektromagnetischen Schalters
DE102015016992A1 (de) 2015-12-24 2017-06-29 Audi Ag Verfahren zum Reinigen elektrischer Kontakte einer elektrischen Schalteinrichtung und Kraftfahrzeug

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0294794A2 (fr) * 1987-06-10 1988-12-14 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft, Patentabteilung AJ-3 Procédé pour ouvrir les contacts soudés d'un relais ainsi que circuit pour son exécution
WO2005069330A1 (fr) 2003-12-30 2005-07-28 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Dispositif microcommutateur electromecanique
DE102004036252A1 (de) * 2004-07-26 2006-03-23 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Elektrisches System mit wenigstens einem relaisgesteuertem elektrischem Verbraucher und Verfahren zum Ansteuern eines entsprechenden Schaltrelais
DE102006054294A1 (de) * 2005-11-21 2007-05-31 GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit System und Verfahren zum Überwachen eines elektrischen Leistungsrelais in einem Hybridelektrofahrzeug
FR2959593A1 (fr) * 2010-04-30 2011-11-04 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Appareil de commutation electromagnetique de type contacteur et procede d'ouverture d'un tel appareil.
DE102011052173B3 (de) 2011-07-27 2012-09-27 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Elektromagnetischer Aktuator
DE102012011251A1 (de) 2012-06-06 2013-12-12 Man Truck & Bus Ag Vorrichtung mit einem elektromechanischen Relais in einem elektrischen Lastkreis und einem elektrischen Lastkreis und einem elektrischen Steuerkreis
DE102012222129A1 (de) 2012-12-04 2014-06-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Ansteuerkreises eines elektromagnetischen Schalters
DE102015016992A1 (de) 2015-12-24 2017-06-29 Audi Ag Verfahren zum Reinigen elektrischer Kontakte einer elektrischen Schalteinrichtung und Kraftfahrzeug

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