WO2023179432A1 - 天线切换方法及终端设备 - Google Patents

天线切换方法及终端设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023179432A1
WO2023179432A1 PCT/CN2023/081722 CN2023081722W WO2023179432A1 WO 2023179432 A1 WO2023179432 A1 WO 2023179432A1 CN 2023081722 W CN2023081722 W CN 2023081722W WO 2023179432 A1 WO2023179432 A1 WO 2023179432A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antennas
terminal device
target
antenna
signal quality
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/081722
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
沈丽
师江伟
Original Assignee
荣耀终端有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202210530373.4A external-priority patent/CN116846442A/zh
Application filed by 荣耀终端有限公司 filed Critical 荣耀终端有限公司
Priority to EP23773680.6A priority Critical patent/EP4395200A1/en
Publication of WO2023179432A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023179432A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0404—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas the mobile station comprising multiple antennas, e.g. to provide uplink diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0802—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection
    • H04B7/0805—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection with single receiver and antenna switching
    • H04B7/0814—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection with single receiver and antenna switching based on current reception conditions, e.g. switching to different antenna when signal level is below threshold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to an antenna switching method and terminal equipment.
  • terminal equipment With the continuous development of wireless communication technology, terminal equipment needs to carry more and more services, which requires stronger communication capabilities to improve communication quality. Therefore, the antennas of terminal equipment have gradually evolved from single antennas to multiple antennas.
  • the receiving path corresponding to the main antenna is turned on, and the receiving path corresponding to the diversity antenna is disconnected, so that the terminal device uses the main antenna to receive Downlink signals sent by network devices.
  • the signal quality of the downlink signal received by the main antenna is poor, thus affecting the reception performance of the terminal device.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide an antenna switching method and a terminal device.
  • the terminal device When the terminal device is in an idle state, the power consumption of the terminal device is reduced and the signal quality of the downlink signal received by the terminal device is improved, so as to improve the reception of the terminal device. performance.
  • inventions of the present application propose an antenna switching method, which is applied to a terminal device.
  • the terminal device includes a first number of antennas, the first number is a positive integer greater than 1, and the terminal device is in an idle state.
  • the method includes: according to The signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the first number of antennas determine the first target parameter; if the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, select some antennas from the first number of antennas as the first target Antenna; the first target antenna is used to continue to receive downlink signals sent by the network device; wherein the signal quality parameter of the downlink signal received by the first target antenna is greater than that received by other antennas among the first number of antennas except the first target antenna.
  • the signal quality parameters of the downlink signal is applied to a terminal device.
  • the first number may be N.
  • some antennas with better signal quality are selected from the N antennas as the first target antenna, so that the signal quality of the downlink signal received by the first target antenna is better, thereby Improve the signal quality of the downlink signal finally received by the terminal equipment to improve the reception performance of the terminal equipment; and, because some of the N antennas are used as the first target antennas to continue to receive the downlink signals sent by the network equipment, thereby Can reduce the power consumption of terminal equipment.
  • quantity parameter determining the first target parameter, including: taking the first characteristic value of the signal quality parameter corresponding to the downlink signal received by the first number of antennas as the first target parameter; the first characteristic value is the first characteristic value corresponding to the first number of antennas.
  • the weighted average or maximum value of the signal quality parameters is simpler.
  • selecting some antennas from the first number of antennas as the first target antennas includes: if the first target parameter is greater than or equal to The first preset threshold is to compare the first target parameter with the second preset threshold.
  • the first preset threshold is less than the second preset threshold; if the first target parameter is less than the second preset threshold and greater than or equal to the first Preset the threshold, select the second number of antennas from the first number of antennas as the first target antenna; if the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, select the third number of antennas from the first number of antennas As the first target antenna; the second number and the third number are both positive integers less than the first number, and the second number is greater than the third number.
  • the second quantity may be K
  • the third quantity may be R.
  • the method further includes: if the first target parameter is less than the first preset threshold, The first number of antennas are all used as the first target antennas. In this way, when the signal quality of the downlink signals received by the N antennas is not good, the N antennas continue to receive the downlink signals sent by the network device to improve the reception performance of the terminal device.
  • the method before determining the first target parameter according to the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the first number of antennas, the method further includes: passing a fourth number of antennas that are turned on in the idle state.
  • the second target antenna receives the downlink signal sent by the network device; the fourth number is a positive integer smaller than the first number; the second target parameter is determined according to the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the fourth number of second target antennas ; If the second target parameter is less than or equal to the third preset threshold, control the first number of antennas to receive downlink signals sent by the network device; the third preset threshold is greater than the first preset threshold.
  • the fourth quantity may be M.
  • the terminal equipment enters the idle state, when the signal quality of the downlink signal received by the second target antenna is not good, the downlink signal is received through N antennas, thereby facilitating the selection of signals from the N antennas.
  • determining the second target parameter based on the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the fourth number of second target antennas includes: The second characteristic value of the signal quality parameter corresponding to the downlink signal is used as the second target parameter; the second characteristic value is the weighted average or maximum value of the signal quality parameters corresponding to the fourth number of second target antennas. In this way, by directly using the weighted average or maximum value of the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the M second target antennas as the second target parameter, the calculation method of the second target parameter is simpler.
  • the method before determining the first target parameter according to the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the first number of antennas, the method further includes: passing a fourth number of antennas that are turned on in the idle state.
  • the second target antenna receives the downlink signal sent by the network device; the fourth number is a positive integer smaller than the first number; if The downlink signal received by the fourth number of second target antennas fails to be demodulated, and the first number of antennas are controlled to receive the downlink signal sent by the network device.
  • the terminal equipment enters the idle state
  • the signal quality of the downlink signal received by the second target antenna is poor and the demodulation fails
  • the downlink signal is received through N antennas, thereby facilitating the reception of the downlink signal from the N antennas.
  • the method before determining the first target parameter according to the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the first number of antennas, the method further includes: converting the terminal device from the idle state to the connected state; When in the state, the downlink signal sent by the network device is received through the first number of antennas; the terminal device transitions from the connected state to the idle state. In this way, when the terminal device is in the connected state, the N antennas in the terminal device have received the downlink signals sent by the network device. Therefore, when the terminal device switches from the connected state to the idle state, there is no need to control the N antennas again. Instead of receiving the downlink signal sent by the network device, it directly selects the first target antenna with better signal quality based on the downlink signal received by N antennas in the connected state, thus simplifying the execution process of the terminal device.
  • the method further includes: monitoring the movement state of the terminal device; the movement state includes a stationary state or a moving state; when the movement state When in the stationary state, the downlink signal sent by the network device is still received through the first target antenna. In this way, when the terminal device is in a stationary state, the previously selected first target antenna can be directly used to continue receiving downlink signals, thereby reducing power consumption caused by continuously switching the target antenna used to receive downlink signals.
  • the method further includes: when the motion state is a moving state, monitoring the movement parameters corresponding to the moving state; and when the movement parameters meet the preset conditions, re-detecting the first
  • the signal quality parameter of the downlink signal received by a target antenna and the signal quality parameter corresponding to the re-detected first target antenna are used to determine whether to switch the antenna that receives the downlink signal.
  • the weighted average or maximum value of the signal quality parameter corresponding to the re-detected first target antenna is compared with the third preset threshold.
  • the antenna for receiving the downlink signal is re-selected from the N antennas, and when it is greater than the third preset threshold, the original first target antenna is still used to receive the downlink signal, so that Improve the reception performance of terminal equipment in mobile state.
  • the movement parameters include movement duration and/or movement distance; the preset condition includes movement duration being greater than the preset duration and/or movement distance being greater than the preset distance.
  • the signal quality parameter includes at least one of a signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio, a reference signal received power, a parameter signal received quality, and a received signal strength indication.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a terminal device, including a memory and a processor.
  • the memory is used to store a computer program
  • the processor is used to call the computer program to execute the above-mentioned antenna switching method.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium.
  • Computer programs or instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When the computer programs or instructions are run, the above-mentioned antenna switching method is implemented.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program.
  • the computer program When the computer program is run, it causes the computer to execute the above-mentioned antenna switching method.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of a wireless communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna distribution in a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the terminal equipment hardware system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a flow chart of an antenna switching method in a scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a flow chart of an antenna switching method in another scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of an antenna switching method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device provided by the implementation of this application.
  • words such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish the same or similar items with basically the same functions and effects.
  • the first chip and the second chip are only used to distinguish different chips, and their sequence is not limited.
  • words such as “first” and “second” do not limit the number and execution order, and words such as “first” and “second” do not limit the number and execution order.
  • At least one refers to one or more, and “multiple” refers to two or more.
  • “And/or” describes the association of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the related objects are in an “or” relationship.
  • “At least one of the following” or similar expressions thereof refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (items) or a plurality of items (items).
  • At least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple .
  • terminal equipment With the continuous development of wireless communication technology, people are increasingly dependent on terminal equipment, and terminal equipment has gradually become a common tool in people's daily life and work. Moreover, in order to enable terminal equipment to provide richer communication services, the antennas of terminal equipment have gradually evolved from single antennas to multiple antennas.
  • the terminal device may support multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission technology, which may use multiple antennas to communicate with the network device, for example, use multiple antennas to receive downlink signals sent by the network device.
  • MIMO multiple-input multiple-output
  • the wireless communication system shown in the embodiment of this application includes a terminal device 100 and a network device 200.
  • the terminal device 100 includes a processor 110, a radio frequency module 120, a switch 130 and an antenna set 140 connected in sequence.
  • the radio frequency module 120 is used for radio frequency transceiver, frequency synthesis (mixing), power amplification, etc., that is, the radio frequency module 120 can be used to receive signals and transmit signals through radio frequency resources, where the radio frequency module 120 includes a radio frequency transmitting path and a radio frequency receiving path.
  • the antenna set 140 includes multiple antennas, for example, the antenna set 140 includes 4 antennas.
  • the switch 130 is used to switch the antenna that is connected to the radio frequency module 120 to pass the antenna that is connected to the radio frequency module 120.
  • the antenna communicates with the network device 200.
  • the switch 130 can be used to switch the antenna connected to the radio frequency module 120 to receive the downlink signal sent by the network device 200.
  • the network device 200 may be a base station or a base station controller, used to provide cellular wireless communication services for the terminal device 100.
  • the terminal device 100 may communicate with the network device 200 through the antenna set 140.
  • the antenna set 140 on the terminal device 100 can receive the downlink signal sent by the network device 200 .
  • the switch 130 controls one or more antennas in the antenna set 140 to be connected to the radio frequency module 120
  • the antenna connected to the radio frequency module 120 can transmit the received downlink signal to the radio frequency module 120 .
  • the downlink signal is filtered, amplified, and processed through the radio frequency receiving path in the radio frequency module 120, and then transmitted to the processor 110, so that the processor 110 can obtain the downlink signal sent by the network device 200.
  • each antenna in the terminal device 100 is usually disposed at a frame position inside the terminal device 100 .
  • four antennas are provided at the internal frame of the terminal device 100, which are the first antenna 141, the second antenna 142, the third antenna 143 and the fourth antenna 144.
  • the first antenna 141 is located on the first frame of the terminal device 100
  • the second antenna 142 is located on the second frame of the terminal device 100
  • the third antenna 143 is located on the third frame of the terminal device 100
  • the fourth antenna 144 is located on the fourth frame of the terminal device 100 .
  • the first frame may be the top frame of the terminal device 100
  • the second frame may be the bottom frame of the terminal device 100
  • the third frame may be the left side of the terminal device 100
  • the fourth frame may be the right frame of the terminal device 100 .
  • This embodiment of the present application takes the terminal device 100 as having four antennas as an example for description, that is, the antenna set 140 of the terminal device 100 may include four antennas. It can be understood that the number of antennas of the terminal device 100 in the embodiment of the present application can also be other numbers, such as 6, 8, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of antennas of the terminal device 100.
  • the antenna distribution positions shown in FIG. 2 are only an optional distribution schematic diagram in the terminal device 100. It can be understood that the antennas in the embodiment of the present application can also be distributed in other positions. For example, the four antennas in the embodiment of the present application can also be distributed in sequence at the upper left corner, upper right corner, lower left corner, and lower right corner of the terminal device 100. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the distribution positions of the antennas in the terminal device 100. .
  • the four antennas in the antenna set 140 can be connected to the radio frequency module 120 through the switch 130.
  • the terminal device 100 receives the downlink signal sent by the network device 200 and improves the signal strength of the downlink signal finally received by the terminal device 100, so that the terminal device can improve the demodulation capability under weak signals. To improve the reception performance of the terminal device 100.
  • the terminal device 100 can also determine whether to switch to using two antennas or one antenna according to the signal quality parameters of the received downlink signal and according to the preset strategy. , to receive the downlink signal sent by the network device 200, so that the terminal device 100 can achieve a balance between reception performance and power consumption.
  • the terminal device 100 When the terminal device 100 is in the idle state, if the terminal device 100 still uses four conductive antennas to receive the downlink signal sent by the network device 200, it will cause the terminal device 100 to generate unnecessary power consumption, which is not conducive to the saving of the terminal device. power.
  • the terminal device 100 can preset that each antenna in the antenna set belongs to the main antenna set.
  • the line is still a diversity antenna.
  • the terminal device 100 has pre-set main diversity relationships of four antennas before leaving the factory, with two antennas serving as main set antennas and the remaining two antennas serving as diversity antennas.
  • the main antenna refers to an antenna that performs signal transmission and reception at the same time
  • the diversity antenna refers to an antenna that only receives signals without transmitting signals.
  • the two preset main antennas can be connected to the radio frequency module 120 through the switch 130 to receive the downlink signal sent by the network device 200, and the preset The two diversity antennas are disconnected from the radio frequency module 120 to reduce the power consumption of the terminal device 100.
  • the first antenna 141 and the second antenna 142 may be set as the main set antenna in advance, and the third antenna 143 and the fourth antenna 144 may be set as the diversity antenna. Therefore, when the terminal device 100 is in an idle state, the first antenna 141 and the second antenna 142 can be connected to the radio frequency module 120, and the third antenna 143 and the fourth antenna 144 can be disconnected from the radio frequency module 120.
  • the first antenna 141 and the second antenna 142 are used to receive downlink signals sent by the network device 200 .
  • the idle state refers to a state in which the terminal equipment is camped on a cell that satisfies the cell residency conditions, but no service is initiated;
  • the connected state refers to a state in which the terminal device is camped on a cell that satisfies the cell residency conditions.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the terminal device 100 may be in different postures in different usage states, such as the terminal device 100 may be in a portrait or landscape state; and, when the user is using the terminal device 100, During the process, the user may hold the terminal device 100.
  • the user may hold it with one hand (such as holding it with the left hand or right hand) or with both hands (that is, holding the left and right hands at the same time).
  • the position held by the user may be the distribution position of the antenna in the terminal device 100 .
  • the terminal device 100 when the terminal device 100 is in the idle state, if the user holds the position where the main set antenna is distributed, the user's hand will block the main set antenna, which will cause the main set antenna to receive The signal quality of the downlink signal is reduced, thus affecting the reception performance of the terminal device 100 .
  • the first antenna 141 and the second antenna 142 are set as main antennas, and the first antenna 141 and the second antenna 142 are used to receive downlink signals sent by the network device 200 .
  • the first antenna 141 and the second antenna 142 may be blocked by the user's hands, so that the first antenna 141 and the second antenna 142 The signal quality of the received downlink signal is reduced, thereby affecting the signal quality of the downlink signal finally received by the terminal device 100 and affecting the reception performance of the terminal device 100 .
  • embodiments of the present application provide an antenna switching method and a terminal device.
  • the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the N antennas in the terminal device 100 are determined.
  • the first target parameter is obtained. If the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, some antennas with better signal quality are selected from the N antennas as the first target antenna to continue receiving the network through the first target antenna.
  • Downlink signal sent by device 200 Therefore, when the first target antenna is used to continue receiving downlink signals, the signal quality of the downlink signal received by the first target antenna can be better, thereby improving the signal quality of the downlink signal finally received by the terminal device 100, so as to improve the terminal device.
  • the receiving performance is 100; and, since some of the N antennas are used as the first target antennas to continue receiving the downlink signals sent by the network device 200, the power consumption of the terminal device 100 can be reduced.
  • the terminal device 100 when the terminal device 100 is in the idle state, if the user holds the terminal device 100 in landscape mode with both hands, the first antenna 141 and the second antenna 142 may be blocked by the user's hands, so that The signal quality of the downlink signal received by the first antenna 141 and the second antenna 142 is reduced, but the signal quality of the downlink signal received by the third antenna 143 and the fourth antenna 144 is not affected by the user's hand holding.
  • the terminal device may determine that the signal quality parameters of the downlink signals received by the third antenna 143 and the fourth antenna 144 are both greater than the signal quality parameters of the downlink signals received by the first antenna 141 and the second antenna 142 , thereby switching to The third antenna 143 and the fourth antenna 144 are connected to the radio frequency module 120 to continue to receive downlink signals sent by the network device through the third antenna 143 and the fourth antenna 144, thereby improving the reception performance of the terminal device 100.
  • the antenna switching method in the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to other scenarios.
  • the signal quality parameters of the downlink signals received by N antennas are judged to select a signal therefrom.
  • a better quality first target antenna is used to receive downlink signals, so that the reception performance of the terminal device will not be too much affected by factors such as different placement directions and different holding postures.
  • the antenna switching method provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to terminal equipment with wireless communication functions.
  • the terminal equipment can also be called a terminal (terminal), user equipment (user equipment, UE), mobile station (mobile station, MS), mobile terminal (mobile terminal, MT), etc.
  • Terminal devices can be mobile phones, smart TVs, wearable devices, tablets (Pads), computers with wireless transceiver functions, virtual reality (VR) terminal devices, augmented reality (AR) terminals Equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grid, transportation Wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart city, wireless terminals in smart home, etc.
  • the embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology and specific equipment form used by the terminal equipment.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the terminal device hardware system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal device 100 may include a processor 110, an external memory interface 320, an internal memory 321, a universal serial bus (USB) interface 330, a charging management module 340, a power management module 341, a battery 342, an antenna 1, an antenna 2 , mobile communication module 350, wireless communication module 360, audio module 370, speaker 370A, receiver 370B, microphone 370C, headphone interface 370D, sensor module 380, button 390, motor 391, indicator 392, camera 393, display screen 394, and Subscriber identification module (subscriberidentification module, SIM) card interface 395, etc.
  • SIM Subscriber identification module
  • the sensor module 380 may include a pressure sensor 380A, a gyro sensor 380B, an air pressure sensor 380C, a magnetic sensor 380D, an acceleration sensor 380E, a distance sensor 380F, a proximity light sensor 380G, a fingerprint sensor 380H, a temperature sensor 380J, a touch sensor 380K, and ambient light.
  • the structure illustrated in the embodiment of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the terminal device 100.
  • the terminal device 100 may include more or less components than shown in the figures, or combine some components, or split some components, or arrange different components.
  • the components illustrated may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the processor 110 may include one or more processing units.
  • the processor 110 may include an application processor (application processor, AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (graphics processing unit, GPU), image signal processor (ISP), controller, video codec, digital signal processor (DSP), baseband processor, and/or neural-network processor processing unit, NPU), etc.
  • application processor application processor
  • AP application processor
  • modem processor graphics processing unit
  • GPU graphics processing unit
  • ISP image signal processor
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • NPU neural-network processor processing unit
  • different processing units can be independent devices or integrated in one or more processors.
  • the controller can generate operation control signals based on the instruction operation code and timing signals to complete the control of fetching and executing instructions.
  • the processor 110 may also be provided with a memory for storing instructions and data.
  • the memory in processor 110 is cache memory. This memory may hold instructions or data that have been recently used or recycled by processor 110 . If the processor 110 needs to use the instructions or data again, it can be recalled from memory. Repeated access is avoided and the waiting time of the processor 110 is reduced, thus improving the efficiency of the system.
  • processor 110 may include one or more interfaces.
  • Interfaces may include integrated circuit (inter-integrated circuit, I2C) interface, integrated circuit built-in audio (inter-integrated circuitsound, I2S) interface, pulse code modulation (pulse code modulation, PCM) interface, universal asynchronous receiver (universal asynchronous receiver) /transmitter, UART) interface, mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), general-purpose input/output (GPIO) interface, subscriber identity module (subscriber identity module, SIM) interface, and/or Universal serial bus (USB) interface, etc.
  • I2C integrated circuit
  • I2S integrated circuit built-in audio
  • PCM pulse code modulation
  • PCM pulse code modulation
  • UART universal asynchronous receiver
  • MIPI mobile industry processor interface
  • GPIO general-purpose input/output
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • USB Universal serial bus
  • the I2C interface is a bidirectional synchronous serial bus, including a serial data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (derail clock line, SCL).
  • processor 110 may include multiple sets of I2C buses.
  • the processor 110 can couple the touch sensor 380K, the charger, the flash, the camera 393, etc. respectively through different I2C bus interfaces.
  • the processor 110 can be coupled to the touch sensor 380K through an I2C interface, so that the processor 110 and the touch sensor 380K communicate through the I2C bus interface to implement the touch function of the terminal device 100 .
  • the I2S interface can be used for audio communication.
  • processor 110 may include multiple sets of I2S buses.
  • the processor 110 can be coupled with the audio module 370 through the I2S bus to implement communication between the processor 110 and the audio module 370.
  • the audio module 370 can transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 360 through the I2S interface to implement the function of answering calls through a Bluetooth headset.
  • the PCM interface can also be used for audio communications to sample, quantize and encode analog signals.
  • the audio module 370 and the wireless communication module 360 may be coupled through a PCM bus interface.
  • the audio module 370 can also transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 360 through the PCM interface to implement the function of answering calls through a Bluetooth headset. Both the I2S interface and the PCM interface can be used for audio communication.
  • the UART interface is a universal serial data bus used for asynchronous communication.
  • the bus can be a bidirectional communication bus. It converts the data to be transmitted between serial communication and parallel communication.
  • a UART interface is typically used to connect the processor 110 and the wireless communication module 360 .
  • the processor 110 communicates with the Bluetooth module in the wireless communication module 360 through the UART interface to implement the Bluetooth function.
  • the audio module 370 can transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 360 through the UART interface to implement the function of playing music through the Bluetooth headset.
  • the MIPI interface can be used to connect the processor 110 with peripheral devices such as the display screen 394 and the camera 393 .
  • MIPI interfaces include camera serial interface (CSI), display serial interface (displayserial interface, DSI), etc.
  • the processor 110 and the camera 393 communicate through the CSI interface to implement the shooting function of the terminal device 100.
  • the processor 110 and the display screen 394 communicate through the DSI interface to implement the display function of the terminal device 100.
  • the GPIO interface can be configured through software.
  • the GPIO interface can be configured as a control signal or as a data signal.
  • the GPIO interface can be used to connect the processor 110 with the camera 393, display screen 394, wireless communication module 360, audio module 370, sensor module 380, etc.
  • the GPIO interface can also be configured as an I2C interface, I2S interface, UART interface, MIPI interface, etc.
  • the USB interface 330 is an interface that complies with the USB standard specifications. Specifically, it can be a Mini USB interface, a Micro USB interface, a USB Type C interface, etc.
  • the USB interface 330 can be used to connect a charger to charge the terminal device 100, and can also be used to transmit data between the terminal device 100 and peripheral devices. It can also be used to connect headphones to play audio through them. This interface can also be used to connect other electronic devices, such as AR devices, etc.
  • the interface connection relationships between the modules illustrated in the embodiments of the present application are schematic illustrations and do not constitute a structural limitation on the terminal device 100 .
  • the terminal device 100 may also adopt different interface connection methods in the above embodiments, or a combination of multiple interface connection methods.
  • the charge management module 340 is used to receive charging input from the charger.
  • the charger can be a wireless charger or a wired charger.
  • the charging management module 340 may receive charging input from the wired charger through the USB interface 330 .
  • the charging management module 340 may receive wireless charging input through the wireless charging coil of the terminal device 100 . While charging the battery 342, the charging management module 340 can also provide power to the terminal device through the power management module 341.
  • the power management module 341 is used to connect the battery 342, the charging management module 340 and the processor 110.
  • the power management module 341 receives input from the battery 342 and/or the charging management module 340, and supplies power to the processor 110, the internal memory 321, the display screen 394, the camera 393, the wireless communication module 360, and the like.
  • the power management module 341 can also be used to monitor battery capacity, battery cycle times, battery health status (leakage, impedance) and other parameters.
  • the power management module 341 may also be provided in the processor 110 .
  • the power management module 341 and the charging management module 340 can also be provided in the same device.
  • the wireless communication function of the terminal device 100 can be implemented through the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 350, the wireless communication module 360, the modem processor and the baseband processor, etc.
  • Antenna 1 and Antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals.
  • the antennas in the terminal device 100 may be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve antenna utilization. For example: Antenna 1 can be reused as a diversity antenna for a wireless LAN. In other embodiments, antennas may be used in conjunction with tuning switches.
  • the above-mentioned antenna 1 may include four antennas, which are respectively the first antenna 141, the second antenna 142, the third antenna 143 and the fourth antenna 144 as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the mobile communication module 350 can provide wireless communication solutions including 2G/3G/4G/5G applied to the terminal device 100.
  • the mobile communication module 350 can also be called the radio frequency module 120.
  • the mobile communication module 350 may include at least one filter, switch, power amplifier, low noise amplifier (LNA), etc.
  • the mobile communication module 350 can receive electromagnetic waves through the antenna 1, perform filtering, amplification and other processing on the received electromagnetic waves, and transmit them to the modem processor for demodulation.
  • the mobile communication module 350 can also amplify the signal modulated by the modem processor and convert it into electromagnetic waves through the antenna 1 for radiation.
  • mobile communications At least part of the functional modules of the module 350 may be provided in the processor 110 .
  • at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 350 and at least part of the modules of the processor 110 may be provided in the same device.
  • a modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator.
  • the modulator is used to modulate the low-frequency baseband signal to be sent into a medium-high frequency signal.
  • the demodulator is used to demodulate the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low-frequency baseband signal.
  • the demodulator then transmits the demodulated low-frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing.
  • the application processor outputs sound signals through audio devices (not limited to speaker 370A, receiver 370B, etc.), or displays images or videos through display screen 394.
  • the modem processor may be a stand-alone device.
  • the modem processor may be independent of the processor 110 and may be provided in the same device as the mobile communication module 350 or other functional modules.
  • the wireless communication module 360 can provide applications on the terminal device 100 including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) network), Bluetooth (bluetooth, BT), and global navigation satellite systems. (global navigation satellite system, GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication technology (near field communication, NFC), infrared technology (infrared, IR) and other wireless communication solutions.
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • BT Bluetooth
  • GNSS global navigation satellite system
  • FM frequency modulation
  • NFC near field communication technology
  • infrared technology infrared, IR
  • the wireless communication module 360 may be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module.
  • the wireless communication module 360 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna 2 , frequency modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 110 .
  • the wireless communication module 360 can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 110, frequency modulate it, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves through the antenna 2 for
  • the antenna 1 of the terminal device 100 is coupled to the mobile communication module 350, and the antenna 2 is coupled to the wireless communication module 360, so that the terminal device 100 can communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication technology.
  • Wireless communication technologies can include global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), code division multiple access (codedivision multiple access, CDMA), broadband code division multiple access address (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA), time-division code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC, FM, and /or IR technology, etc.
  • GNSS can include global positioning system (GPS), global navigation satellite system (GLONASS), Beidou satellite navigation system (beidounavigation satellite system, BDS), quasi-zenith satellite system (quasi-zenith satellite system) , QZSS) and/or satellite based augmentation systems (SBAS).
  • GPS global positioning system
  • GLONASS global navigation satellite system
  • Beidou satellite navigation system beidounavigation satellite system, BDS
  • quasi-zenith satellite system quasi-zenith satellite system
  • QZSS quasi-zenith satellite system
  • SBAS satellite based augmentation systems
  • the terminal device 100 implements display functions through a GPU, a display screen 394, an application processor, and the like.
  • the GPU is an image processing microprocessor and is connected to the display screen 394 and the application processor. GPUs are used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering.
  • Processor 110 may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or alter display information.
  • the display screen 394 is used to display images, display videos, receive sliding operations, etc.
  • Display 394 includes a display panel.
  • the display panel can use a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active matrix organic light emitting diode or an active matrix organic light emitting diode (active-matrix organic light emitting diode).
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • OLED organic light-emitting diode
  • active-matrix organic light emitting diode active-matrix organic light emitting diode
  • AMOLED flexible light-emitting diode
  • FLED flexible light-emittingdiode
  • Miniled MicroLed, Micro-oLed
  • quantum dot light-emitting diode quantum dot lightemitting diodes, QLED
  • the terminal device 100 may include one or more display screens 394.
  • the terminal device 100 can implement the shooting function through the ISP, camera 393, video codec, GPU, display screen 394, application processor, etc.
  • the ISP is used to process the data fed back by the camera 393. For example, when taking a photo, the shutter is opened, the light is transmitted to the camera sensor through the lens, the light signal is converted into an electrical signal, and the camera sensor passes the electrical signal to the ISP for processing, and converts it into an image visible to the naked eye. ISP can also perform algorithm optimization on image noise, brightness, and skin color. ISP can also optimize the exposure, color temperature and other parameters of the shooting scene. In some embodiments, the ISP may be provided in the camera 393.
  • Camera 393 is used to capture still images or video.
  • the object passes through the lens to produce an optical image that is projected onto the photosensitive element.
  • the photosensitive element can be a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistor.
  • CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • the photosensitive element converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then passes the electrical signal to the ISP to convert it into a digital image signal.
  • ISP outputs digital image signals to DSP for processing.
  • DSP converts digital image signals into standard RGB, YUV and other format image signals.
  • the terminal device 100 may include one or more cameras 393.
  • Digital signal processors are used to process digital signals. In addition to digital image signals, they can also process other digital signals. For example, when the terminal device 100 selects a frequency point, the digital signal processor is used to perform Fourier transform on the frequency point energy.
  • Video codecs are used to compress or decompress digital video.
  • the terminal device 100 may support one or more video codecs. In this way, the terminal device 100 can play or record videos in multiple encoding formats, such as moving picture experts group (MPEG) 1, MPEG2, MPEG3, MPEG4, etc.
  • MPEG moving picture experts group
  • MPEG2 MPEG2, MPEG3, MPEG4, etc.
  • NPU is a neural network (NN) computing processor.
  • NN neural network
  • the NPU can realize intelligent cognitive applications of the terminal device 100, such as image recognition, face recognition, speech recognition, text understanding, etc.
  • the external memory interface 320 can be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the terminal device 100.
  • the external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through the external memory interface 320 to implement the data storage function. Such as saving music, videos, etc. files in external memory card.
  • Internal memory 321 may be used to store computer executable program code, which includes instructions.
  • the internal memory 321 may include a program storage area and a data storage area.
  • the stored program area can store an operating system, at least one application program required for a function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.).
  • the storage data area may store data created during use of the terminal device 100 (such as audio data, phone book, etc.).
  • the internal memory 321 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, universal flash storage (UFS), etc.
  • the processor 110 executes various functional applications and data processing of the terminal device 100 by executing instructions stored in the internal memory 321 and/or instructions stored in a memory provided in the processor.
  • the terminal device 100 can implement audio functions through the audio module 370, the speaker 370A, the receiver 370B, the microphone 370C, the headphone interface 370D, and the application processor. Such as music playback, recording, etc.
  • the audio module 370 is used to convert digital audio information into analog audio signal output, and is also used to convert analog audio input into digital audio signals. Audio module 370 may also be used to encode and decode audio signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 370 may be provided in the processor 110 , or some functional modules of the audio module 370 may be provided in the processor 110 .
  • Speaker 370A also called “speaker” is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals.
  • the terminal device 100 can listen to music through the speaker 370A, or listen to hands-free calls.
  • Receiver 370B also called “earpiece” is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals.
  • the voice can be heard by bringing the receiver 370B close to the human ear.
  • Microphone 370C also known as “microphone” and “microphone”, is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals. When making a call or sending a voice message, the user can speak close to the microphone 370C with the human mouth and input the sound signal to the microphone 370C.
  • the terminal device 100 may be provided with at least one microphone 370C. In other embodiments, the terminal device 100 may be provided with two microphones 370C, which in addition to collecting sound signals, may also implement a noise reduction function. In other embodiments, the terminal device 100 can also be equipped with three, four or more microphones 370C to collect sound signals, reduce noise, identify sound sources, and implement directional recording functions, etc.
  • the headphone interface 370D is used to connect wired headphones.
  • the headphone interface 370D can be a USB interface 330, or a 3.5mm open mobile terminal platform (OMTP) standard interface, or a Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association of the USA (CTIA) standard interface.
  • OMTP open mobile terminal platform
  • CTIA Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association of the USA
  • the pressure sensor 380A is used to sense the pressure signal and convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal.
  • pressure sensor 380A may be disposed on display screen 394.
  • pressure sensors 380A there are many types of pressure sensors 380A, such as resistive pressure sensors, inductive pressure sensors, capacitive pressure sensors, etc.
  • a capacitive pressure sensor may include at least two parallel plates of conductive material.
  • the terminal device 100 determines the intensity of the pressure based on the change in capacitance.
  • the terminal device 100 detects the intensity of the touch operation according to the pressure sensor 380A.
  • the terminal device 100 may also calculate the touched position based on the detection signal of the pressure sensor 380A.
  • touch operations acting on the same touch location but with different touch operation intensities may correspond to different operation instructions.
  • the gyro sensor 380B may be used to determine the movement posture of the terminal device 100 .
  • the angular velocity of the terminal device 100 about three axes may be determined by the gyro sensor 380B.
  • the gyro sensor 380B can be used for image stabilization. For example, when the shutter is pressed, the gyro sensor 380B detects the angle at which the terminal device 100 shakes, calculates the distance that the lens module needs to compensate based on the angle, and allows the lens to offset the shake of the terminal device 100 through reverse movement to achieve anti-shake.
  • Gyro sensor 380B can also be used for navigation and somatosensory gaming scenarios.
  • Air pressure sensor 380C is used to measure air pressure. In some embodiments, the terminal device 100 calculates the altitude through the air pressure value measured by the air pressure sensor 380C to assist positioning and navigation.
  • Magnetic sensor 380D includes a Hall sensor.
  • the terminal device 100 may use the magnetic sensor 380D to detect the opening and closing of the flip leather case.
  • the terminal device 100 may detect the opening and closing of the flip according to the magnetic sensor 380D. Then, based on the detected opening and closing status of the leather case or the opening and closing status of the flip cover, features such as automatic unlocking of the flip cover are set.
  • the acceleration sensor 380E can detect the acceleration of the terminal device 100 in various directions (generally three axes). Small. When the terminal device 100 is stationary, the magnitude and direction of gravity can be detected. It can also be used to identify the posture of terminal devices and be used in applications such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, pedometers, etc.
  • the terminal device 100 can measure distance through infrared or laser. In some embodiments, when shooting a scene, the terminal device 100 can use the distance sensor 380F to measure distance to achieve fast focusing.
  • Proximity light sensor 380G may include, for example, a light emitting diode (LED) and a light detector, such as a photodiode.
  • the light emitting diode may be an infrared light emitting diode.
  • the terminal device 100 emits infrared light through a light emitting diode.
  • the terminal device 100 detects infrared reflected light from nearby objects using photodiodes. When sufficient reflected light is detected, it can be determined that there is an object near the terminal device 100 . When insufficient reflected light is detected, the terminal device 100 may determine that there is no object near the terminal device 100 .
  • the terminal device 100 can use the proximity light sensor 380G to detect when the user holds the terminal device 100 close to the ear for talking, so as to automatically turn off the screen to save power.
  • the proximity light sensor 380G can also be used in holster mode, and pocket mode automatically unlocks and locks the screen.
  • the ambient light sensor 380L is used to sense ambient light brightness.
  • the terminal device 100 can adaptively adjust the brightness of the display screen 394 according to the perceived ambient light brightness.
  • the ambient light sensor 380L can also be used to automatically adjust the white balance when taking pictures.
  • the ambient light sensor 380L can also cooperate with the proximity light sensor 380G to detect whether the terminal device 100 is in the pocket to prevent accidental touching.
  • Fingerprint sensor 380H is used to collect fingerprints.
  • the terminal device 100 can use the collected fingerprint characteristics to realize fingerprint unlocking, access application lock, fingerprint photography, fingerprint answering incoming calls, etc.
  • Temperature sensor 380J is used to detect temperature.
  • the terminal device 100 uses the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 380J to execute the temperature processing policy. For example, when the temperature reported by the temperature sensor 380J exceeds a threshold, the terminal device 100 reduces the performance of a processor located near the temperature sensor 380J in order to reduce power consumption and implement thermal protection.
  • the terminal device 100 heats the battery 342 to prevent the low temperature from causing the terminal device 100 to shut down abnormally.
  • the terminal device 100 when the temperature is lower than another threshold, the terminal device 100 performs boosting on the output voltage of the battery 342 to avoid abnormal shutdown caused by low temperature.
  • Touch sensor 380K also known as "touch device”.
  • the touch sensor 380K can be disposed on the display screen 394.
  • the touch sensor 380K and the display screen 394 form a touch screen, which is also called a "touch screen”.
  • Touch sensor 380K is used to detect a touch operation on or near it.
  • the touch sensor can pass the detected touch operation to the application processor to determine the touch event type.
  • Visual output related to the touch operation may be provided through display screen 394.
  • the touch sensor 380K may also be disposed on the surface of the terminal device 100 in a position different from that of the display screen 394 .
  • the bone conduction sensor 380M can acquire vibration signals.
  • the bone conduction sensor 380M can acquire the vibration signal of the vibrating bone mass of the human body's vocal part.
  • the bone conduction sensor 380M can also contact the human body's pulse and receive blood pressure beating signals.
  • the bone conduction sensor 380M can also be provided in an earphone and combined into a bone conduction earphone.
  • the audio module 370 can analyze the voice signal based on the vibration signal of the vocal vibrating bone obtained by the bone conduction sensor 380M to implement the voice function.
  • the application processor can analyze the heart rate information based on the blood pressure beating signal obtained by the bone conduction sensor 380M to implement the heart rate detection function.
  • the buttons 390 include a power button, a volume button, etc.
  • Key 390 may be a mechanical key. It can also be a touch button.
  • the terminal device 100 may receive key input and generate key signal input related to user settings and function control of the terminal device 100 .
  • Motor 391 can produce vibration prompts.
  • Motor 391 can be used for vibration prompts for incoming calls and can also be used for touch vibration feedback.
  • touch operations acting on different applications can correspond to different vibration feedback effects.
  • Acting on touch operations in different areas of the display screen 394, the motor 391 can also correspond to different vibration feedback effects.
  • Different application scenarios such as time reminders, receiving information, alarm clocks, games, etc.
  • the touch vibration feedback effect can also be customized.
  • the indicator 392 may be an indicator light, which may be used to indicate charging status, power changes, or may be used to indicate messages, missed calls, notifications, etc.
  • the SIM card interface 395 is used to connect the SIM card.
  • the SIM card can be connected to or separated from the terminal device 100 by inserting it into the SIM card interface 395 or pulling it out from the SIM card interface 395 .
  • the terminal device 100 may support one or more SIM card interfaces.
  • SIM card interface 395 can support Nano SIM card, Micro SIM card, SIM card, etc.
  • the same SIM card interface 395 can insert multiple cards at the same time. Multiple cards can be of the same type or different types.
  • the SIM card interface 395 is also compatible with different types of SIM cards.
  • the SIM card interface 395 is also compatible with external memory cards.
  • the terminal device 100 interacts with the network through the SIM card to implement functions such as calls and data communications.
  • the terminal device 100 adopts eSIM, that is, an embedded SIM card.
  • the eSIM card can be embedded in the terminal device 100 and cannot be separated from the terminal device 100 .
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an antenna switching method in a scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna switching method may specifically include the following steps:
  • Step 401 The terminal device camps in the target cell and enters the idle state.
  • the terminal device will perform cell selection when it is turned on or reconnects to the network after being disconnected.
  • Cell selection refers to the process in which a terminal device selects a qualified cell and camps on it when it first accesses the network.
  • the terminal device When the terminal device is camped in the target cell, the terminal device enters the idle state.
  • the target cell refers to the cell where the terminal device is currently camped.
  • Step 402 The terminal device receives the downlink signal sent by the network device based on the M second target antennas that are turned on.
  • the M main set antennas preset by the terminal equipment can be used as the second target antennas. ; Or, you can also use any M antennas before the terminal equipment is shut down or before it goes off the network as the second target antenna; The M antennas whose parameters are sorted from high to low) are used as the second target antennas.
  • the network device When the terminal device is in an idle state, the network device will send a downlink signal to the terminal device.
  • the second target antenna in the terminal device is connected to the radio frequency module. Therefore, the received downlink signal can be sent to the radio frequency module based on the second target antenna. , the radio frequency module filters and amplifies the downlink signal, and then transmits it to the processor of the terminal device.
  • the above-mentioned downlink signal may be a downlink reference signal, such as a cell reference signal (cell reference signal, CRS) or a channel state information-reference signal (channel state information-reference signal, CSI-RS), etc.
  • a downlink reference signal such as a cell reference signal (cell reference signal, CRS) or a channel state information-reference signal (channel state information-reference signal, CSI-RS), etc.
  • the number of antennas in the terminal device is N
  • the number of second target antennas is M
  • M is a positive integer less than N. That is to say, when the terminal equipment is camped in the target cell and enters the idle state, some of the antennas in the terminal equipment are connected to the radio frequency module, while the other part of the antennas are disconnected from the radio frequency module, so that the third antenna in the terminal equipment is turned on.
  • the second target antenna receives the downlink signal sent by the network device, thereby reducing the power consumption of the terminal device.
  • N may be 4 and M may be 2, that is, the number of antennas in the terminal device is 4, and the number of second target antennas is 2.
  • Step 403 The terminal device determines the second target parameter based on the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the M second target antennas.
  • the processor of the terminal device obtains the downlink signals transmitted by the M second target antennas
  • the processor obtains the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals transmitted by each second target antenna respectively; then, calculate The second characteristic value of the signal quality parameter corresponding to the downlink signal received by the M second target antennas is used as the second target parameter.
  • the second characteristic value may be a weighted average or maximum value of signal quality parameters corresponding to the M second target antennas.
  • the processor may calculate a weighted average of signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the M second target antennas, and use the weighted average as the second target parameter.
  • the weights corresponding to the signal quality parameters of the downlink signals received by the M second target antennas can be set according to actual conditions. Furthermore, the weights corresponding to the signal quality parameters of the downlink signals received by the M second target antennas may be equal or unequal.
  • the weighting of the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the M second target antennas is The average value can be understood as the average value of the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the M second target antennas.
  • the processor may extract the maximum value from the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the M second target antennas, and use the maximum value as the second target parameter.
  • the second target antenna is the first antenna 141 and the second antenna 142 shown in Figure 2, and the signal quality parameter Q ANT1 corresponding to the downlink signal received by the first antenna 141 is equal to -120dBm, and the signal quality parameter Q ANT1 received by the second antenna 142 is The signal quality parameter Q ANT2 corresponding to the downlink signal is equal to -118dBm. Therefore, the second target parameter can be -118dBm.
  • the above-mentioned second characteristic value may also include other characteristic values.
  • the second characteristic value may also be the minimum value or the sum value of the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the M second target antennas (that is, the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the M second target antennas) The value obtained after summing), etc.
  • the processor may be any of a modem processor, a baseband processor, and an applications processor.
  • the processor may be a modem processor, and the corresponding signal quality parameters may be obtained from the uplink signal through the modem processor.
  • Step 404 The terminal device determines whether the second target parameter is less than or equal to the third preset threshold.
  • a third preset threshold is preset in the terminal device. After the processor in the terminal device calculates the second target parameter, the processor compares the second target parameter with the third preset threshold. , determine whether the second target parameter is less than or equal to the third preset threshold.
  • the third preset threshold can be set based on experience value.
  • the specific values of the third preset threshold may also be different.
  • the third preset threshold may be -115dBm; and when the second target parameter is the average of the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the two second target antennas, When the sum of signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the target antenna is used, the third preset threshold may be -230dBm.
  • Step 405 If the second target parameter is less than or equal to the third preset threshold, the terminal device controls N antennas to receive downlink signals sent by the network device.
  • the processor determines that the second target parameter is less than or equal to the third preset threshold, it means that the signal quality of the downlink signal received through the second target antenna is poor. If the second target antenna is still used to continue to receive the downlink signal sent by the network device, When the signal is received, paging exceptions may occur.
  • the N antennas in the terminal device can be controlled to be connected to the radio frequency module, and the N antennas will send the received downlink signals to the radio frequency module.
  • the radio frequency module The downlink signal is filtered and amplified, and then transmitted to the processor of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device will control N antennas to receive downlink signals sent by the network device. .
  • the second target antenna can be used to continue to receive the downlink signal sent by the network device. Signal.
  • Step 406 The terminal device determines the first target parameter based on the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the N antennas.
  • the processor of the terminal device obtains the downlink signals transmitted by N antennas
  • the processor obtains the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals transmitted by each antenna; then, calculates the signal quality parameters received by the N antennas.
  • the first characteristic value of the signal quality parameter corresponding to the downlink signal is used as the first target parameter.
  • the first characteristic value is a weighted average or maximum value of signal quality parameters corresponding to N antennas.
  • the processor may calculate a weighted average of signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by N antennas, and use the weighted average as the first target parameter.
  • the weights corresponding to the signal quality parameters of the downlink signals received by the N antennas can be set according to the actual situation. Moreover, the weights corresponding to the signal quality parameters of the downlink signals received by the N antennas may be equal or unequal.
  • the weighted average of the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the N antennas can be understood as The average value of the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by N antennas.
  • the N antennas in the terminal device are respectively the first antenna 141, the second antenna 142, the third antenna 143 and the fourth antenna 144 shown in Figure 2.
  • the signal quality parameter Q ANT1 is equal to -120dBm.
  • the signal quality parameter Q ANT2 corresponding to the downlink signal received by the second antenna 142 is equal to -118dBm.
  • the signal quality parameter Q ANT3 corresponding to the downlink signal received by the third antenna 143 is equal to -110dBm.
  • the processor may extract the maximum value from the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the N antennas, and use the maximum value as the first target parameter.
  • the N antennas in the terminal device are respectively the first antenna 141, the second antenna 142, the third antenna 143 and the fourth antenna 144 shown in Figure 2.
  • the downlink signal received by the first antenna 141 The signal quality parameter Q ANT1 corresponding to the signal is equal to -120dBm
  • the signal quality parameter Q ANT2 corresponding to the downlink signal received by the second antenna 142 is equal to -118dBm
  • the signal quality parameter Q ANT3 corresponding to the downlink signal received by the third antenna 143 is equal to - 110dBm
  • the signal quality parameter Q ANT4 corresponding to the downlink signal received by the fourth antenna 144 is equal to -106dBm. Therefore, the first target parameter can be -106dBm.
  • the above-mentioned first characteristic value may also include other characteristic values.
  • the first characteristic value may also be the sum of the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the N antennas (that is, the value obtained by summing the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the N antennas), etc. .
  • Step 407 The terminal device determines whether the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold.
  • a first preset threshold is preset in the terminal device. After the processor in the terminal device calculates the first target parameter, the processor compares the first target parameter with the first preset threshold. , determine whether the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold.
  • the first preset threshold can be set based on experience values. When the types of the first target parameters are different, the specific values of the first preset threshold may also be different. For example, when the first target parameter is the average of the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the four antennas, the first preset threshold can be -120dBm; When the signal quality parameters corresponding to the signal are summed, the first preset threshold may be -480dBm.
  • the following step 408 is performed; and when the first target parameter is less than the first preset threshold, the following step 411 is performed.
  • the third preset threshold is larger than the first preset threshold.
  • Step 408 If the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, the terminal device determines whether the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold.
  • the processor determines that the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, it means that the signal quality of the downlink signal received through some of the N antennas is better. Therefore, the processor can select from the N antennas. Some of the antennas serve as first target antennas to continue receiving downlink signals sent by the network device through the first target antennas. The signal quality parameter of the downlink signal received by the first target antenna is greater than the signal quality parameter of the downlink signal received by other antennas among the N antennas except the first target antenna.
  • the processor can select the first target antenna with better signal quality from the N antennas to continue to receive the downlink signal sent by the network device, thereby improving the signal quality of the downlink signal finally received by the terminal device. To improve the reception performance of terminal equipment.
  • the processor continues to compare the first target parameter with the second preset threshold.
  • the following step 409 is executed; and when the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the following step 410 is executed.
  • the second preset threshold is greater than the first preset threshold, and the second preset threshold can also be set based on experience values.
  • the second preset threshold may be -110dBm.
  • Step 409 If the first target parameter is less than the second preset threshold, the terminal device selects K antennas from N antennas as first target antennas to continue receiving downlink signals sent by the network device through the first target antennas.
  • the terminal device can use the N antennas
  • the signal quality parameters corresponding to the received downlink signals are sorted from high to low, and the top K antennas are selected as the first target antennas to continue to receive downlink signals sent by the network equipment through the first target antennas. .
  • K is a positive integer less than N. Therefore, when the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold and less than the second preset threshold, the processor can select K first target antennas with better signal quality from the N antennas to continue. Receive the downlink signal sent by the network device, thereby improving the signal quality of the downlink signal finally received by the terminal device, so as to improve the reception performance of the terminal device.
  • the first target parameter is -113.5Bm
  • the first preset threshold can be -120dBm
  • the second preset threshold can be -110dBm. Then it can be determined that the first target parameter is greater than the first preset threshold and less than the second preset threshold.
  • Set thresholds The signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the first antenna 141, the second antenna 142, the third antenna 143 and the fourth antenna 144 are sorted from high to low.
  • the fourth antenna 144 corresponds to The signal quality parameter Q ANT4 (-106dBm), the signal quality parameter Q ANT3 (-110dBm) corresponding to the third antenna 143, the signal quality parameter Q ANT2 (-118dBm) corresponding to the second antenna 142 and the signal corresponding to the first antenna 141
  • the quality parameter Q ANT1 is equal to (-120dBm).
  • K the fourth antenna 144 and the third antenna 143 can be used as the first target antenna to continue receiving downlink signals sent by the network device through the first target antenna.
  • Step 410 If the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the terminal device selects R antennas from N antennas as first target antennas to continue receiving downlink signals sent by the network device through the first target antennas.
  • the terminal device can use the N antennas
  • the signal quality parameters corresponding to the received downlink signals are sorted from high to low, and the top R antennas are selected as the first target antennas to continue to receive downlink signals sent by the network equipment through the first target antennas. .
  • R is a positive integer less than N. Therefore, when the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the processor can select R first target antennas with the best or better signal quality from the N antennas to continue receiving the signals sent by the network device. Downlink signal, thereby improving the signal quality of the downlink signal finally received by the terminal device, so as to improve the reception performance of the terminal device.
  • K is greater than R. That is to say, when the first target parameter is larger, the number of selected first target antennas is smaller, and the signal quality of the received downlink signal can also meet the requirements through a smaller number of first target antennas, while ensuring The receiving performance of the terminal device is improved by using a smaller number of first target antennas to receive the next Line signals can further reduce the power consumption of terminal equipment, so that the terminal equipment can achieve a balance between reception performance and power consumption.
  • the signal quality of the received downlink signal can meet the requirements through a larger number of first target antennas, thereby improving the reception performance of the terminal equipment. This allows the terminal device to achieve a balance between reception performance and power consumption.
  • K can be 2, R can be 1, and N can be 4. Therefore, when the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold and less than the second preset threshold, 2 antennas can be selected from the 4 antennas as the first target antennas to continue using the first target antenna. Receive the downlink signal sent by the network device; and when the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, one antenna can be selected from the four antennas as the first target antenna to continue receiving through the first target antenna Downlink signals sent by network devices.
  • the above steps 408 to 410 are to continue comparing the first target parameter with the second preset threshold when the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, thereby selecting different numbers of first targets.
  • the antenna continues to receive the downlink signal sent by the network device.
  • K or R antennas can also be directly selected from the N antennas as the first target antennas to pass The first target antenna continues to receive the downlink signal sent by the network device without continuing to compare the first target parameter with the second preset threshold.
  • the first target parameter when the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, multiple different preset thresholds can also be set, and a corresponding number of antennas can be selected as the target according to the preset threshold interval in which the first target parameter is located.
  • the first target antenna when the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, multiple different preset thresholds can also be set, and a corresponding number of antennas can be selected as the target according to the preset threshold interval in which the first target parameter is located.
  • the first target antenna when the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, multiple different preset thresholds can also be set, and a corresponding number of antennas can be selected as the target according to the preset threshold interval in which the first target parameter is located. The first target antenna.
  • the signal quality parameters of the downlink signals received by the six antennas are sorted from high to low.
  • the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold
  • the first target parameter is still less than the second preset threshold threshold
  • the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold and less than the fourth preset threshold
  • the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the fifth preset threshold, select the top-ranked antenna among the six antennas as the first target antenna.
  • Step 411 If the first target parameter is less than the first preset threshold, the terminal device uses all N antennas as first target antennas to continue to receive downlink signals sent by the network device through the first target antennas.
  • the processor determines that the first target parameter is less than the first preset threshold, it means that the signal quality of the downlink signals received by the N antennas is poor.
  • the processor can use the N antennas as the first A target antenna to continue receiving downlink signals sent by the network device through the first target antenna.
  • N antennas are controlled to receive downlink signals sent by the network equipment, and some antennas with better signal quality are selected from the N antennas as the third antenna.
  • a target antenna to continue receiving downlink signals sent by the network device through the first target antenna.
  • the embodiment of the present application can select some antennas with better signal quality from all antennas as the first target antenna to receive downlink signals. These parts with better signal quality
  • the antenna can actually be an antenna that is less affected by the user's holding.
  • the signal quality of the downlink signal received by the first target antenna is better, thereby improving the signal quality of the downlink signal finally received by the terminal device, so as to improve the terminal
  • the receiving performance of the device and, because some of the N antennas are used as the first target antennas to continue to receive downlink signals sent by the network device, the power consumption of the terminal device can be reduced.
  • the terminal device determines the second target parameter based on the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the M second target antennas, And determine whether the second target parameter is less than or equal to the third preset threshold. When it is less than or equal to the third preset threshold, the terminal device controls N antennas to receive downlink signals sent by the network device.
  • the terminal device may also receive the downlink signal sent by the network device based on the M second target antennas that are turned on; if the terminal device responds to the M second target antennas, When the demodulation of the downlink signal received by the antenna fails, it means that the signal quality of the downlink signal received through the second target antenna is poor. If the second target antenna is still used to continue to receive the downlink signal sent by the network device, a seek error may occur. Call for abnormal conditions. Therefore, the terminal device directly controls N antennas to receive downlink signals sent by the network device.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart of an antenna switching method in another scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna switching method may specifically include the following steps:
  • Step 501 When the terminal device is in a connected state, the terminal device receives downlink signals sent by the network device based on N antennas.
  • the terminal device When the terminal device is in the idle state and needs to perform corresponding communication services with the network device, the terminal device can send an RRC connection request to the network device to request the network device to allocate uplink wireless resources to it, thereby entering the RRC connection state. When the terminal device is in the connected state, the terminal device can perform corresponding communication services with the network device.
  • the terminal device When the terminal device is in the connected state, the terminal device will send uplink signals to the network device, and the network device will also send downlink signals to the terminal device.
  • the network device In order to improve the communication quality of communication services, N antennas in the terminal device can be used to receive downlink signals sent by the network device.
  • Step 502 When the terminal device switches from the connected state to the idle state, the terminal device determines the first target parameter based on the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the N antennas.
  • the terminal device When the terminal device completes corresponding communication services with the network device, the terminal device can switch from the connected state to the idle state. Since the terminal device has already acquired the downlink signals received by the N antennas in the terminal device when it is in the connected state, when the terminal device switches from the connected state to the idle state, it does not need to control the N antennas again to receive transmissions from the network device. downward signal.
  • the terminal device can determine the first target parameter according to the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the N antennas when the terminal device is in the connected state.
  • the downlink signals received by the N antennas in step 502 may refer to the last downlink signal received by the terminal device through the N antennas before switching to the idle state.
  • Step 503 The terminal device determines whether the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold.
  • Step 504 If the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, the terminal device determines whether the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold.
  • Step 505 If the first target parameter is less than the second preset threshold, the terminal device selects K from N antennas.
  • the first antenna serves as the first target antenna to continue receiving the downlink signal sent by the network device through the first target antenna.
  • Step 506 If the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the terminal device selects R antennas from N antennas as first target antennas to continue to receive downlink signals sent by the network device through the first target antennas.
  • Step 507 If the first target parameter is less than the first preset threshold, the terminal device uses all N antennas as first target antennas to continue to receive downlink signals sent by the network device through the first target antennas.
  • steps 503 to 507 is similar to the specific implementation manner of the above-mentioned steps 407 to 411, and will not be described again to avoid repetition.
  • the N antennas in the connected state can receive the downlink signal sent by the network device, and the part with better signal quality can be selected from the N antennas.
  • the antenna serves as the first target antenna to continue receiving downlink signals sent by the network device through the first target antenna.
  • the signal quality of the downlink signal finally received by the terminal device is improved, so as to improve the reception performance of the terminal device.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of an antenna switching method provided by an embodiment of the present application, which may specifically include the following steps:
  • Step 601 The terminal device camps in the target cell and enters the idle state.
  • Step 602 The terminal device receives the downlink signal sent by the network device based on the M second target antennas that are turned on.
  • Step 603 The terminal device determines the second target parameter based on the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the M second target antennas.
  • Step 604 The terminal device determines whether the second target parameter is less than or equal to the third preset threshold.
  • Step 605 If the second target parameter is less than or equal to the third preset threshold, the terminal device controls N antennas to receive downlink signals sent by the network device.
  • Step 606 The terminal device determines the first target parameter based on the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the N antennas.
  • Step 607 The terminal device determines whether the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold.
  • steps 601 to 607 is similar to the specific implementation manner of the above-mentioned steps 401 to 407, and will not be described again to avoid duplication.
  • Step 608 If the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, select K antennas from the N antennas as the first target antennas to continue receiving downlink signals sent by the network device through the first target antennas.
  • Step 609 Determine whether the motion state of the terminal device is a static state.
  • the terminal device may periodically detect its motion state and determine whether the motion state of the terminal device is stationary. state.
  • the motion state of the terminal device includes a stationary state or a moving state.
  • the static state can be understood as the state when the position of the terminal device relative to the reference object does not change or the position of the change is very small (i.e., micro-movement) within a preset period of time;
  • the moving state can be understood as the state when the position of the terminal device relative to the reference object does not change within the preset period of time. , the state when the position of the terminal device relative to the reference object changes greatly.
  • the terminal device can monitor whether the motion state of the terminal device is a stationary state or a moving state through a sensor capable of sensing the motion state.
  • the sensor for sensing the motion state may be an acceleration sensor, and the motion state of the terminal device is determined based on the acceleration in the X direction, Y direction, and Z direction monitored by the acceleration sensor.
  • the acceleration in the X direction, Y direction and Z direction monitored by the acceleration sensor is all 0 within a certain period of time or within the preset threshold range, it is determined that the terminal device is in a stationary state; and when any acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor When the acceleration in one or more directions is outside the preset threshold range, it is determined that the terminal device is in a moving state.
  • the processor determines that the terminal device is in a static state, it means that the downlink signal quality received by each antenna in the terminal device has basically not changed within a certain period of time. Therefore, the terminal device still uses the signal quality selected in the above steps.
  • a better first target antenna can continue to receive downlink signals sent by network equipment and continue to monitor the movement status of terminal equipment.
  • the terminal device is placed on a stationary desk by the user within a certain period of time.
  • the acceleration in the X direction, Y direction and Z direction detected by the acceleration sensor is all 0 for a certain period of time, that is, it is determined that the When the terminal device is in a stationary state, it continues to use the previously determined first target antenna to receive downlink signals sent by the network device.
  • Step 610 When the terminal device is in a moving state, the terminal device monitors the movement parameters corresponding to the moving state.
  • the terminal device can monitor corresponding movement parameters in the moving state.
  • the movement parameters include movement duration and/or movement distance.
  • the moving distance can be measured in the following manner: once the terminal device detects that it is in a moving state, the terminal device respectively obtains the first distance between it and the first base station, and the third distance between it and the second base station. Two distances; after the terminal equipment is in the mobile state for a certain period of time, the terminal equipment obtains the third distance between it and the first base station, and the fourth distance between it and the second base station; finally, the terminal equipment can obtain the third distance between the terminal equipment and the first base station based on the first base station.
  • the fifth distance between the base station and the second base station, the above-mentioned first distance, the second distance, the second distance and the fourth distance determine the movement distance of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device can obtain the first distance between it and the first base station in the following manner: first, calculate according to the path loss or timing advance (TA) between the first base station and the terminal device. The plane distance between the terminal equipment and the first base station; then, according to the plane distance between the terminal equipment and the first base station and the height of the antenna of the first base station, the first distance between the terminal equipment and the first base station is calculated. distance.
  • TA path loss or timing advance
  • the height of the antenna of the first base station refers to the distance from the top of the antenna of the first base station to the bottom of the first base station.
  • the path loss between the first base station and the terminal device refers to the attenuation of the downlink signal when the downlink signal sent from the first base station reaches the terminal device when the terminal device communicates with the first base station.
  • the time advance between the first base station and the terminal device may be set by the first base station, which is used to offset the delay in signal transmission between the terminal device and the first base station.
  • the path loss or timing advance between the first base station and the terminal device obtained by the terminal device, as well as the height of the antenna of the first base station, may be obtained after the terminal device sends an acquisition request to the first base station.
  • the information returned by the first base station according to the acquisition request may also be carried in the downlink signal sent by the first base station to the terminal equipment when the first base station communicates with the terminal equipment.
  • the specific implementation method can be set according to the actual situation, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.
  • the method is similar to the above-mentioned method of obtaining the first distance between it and the first base station, and will not be described again in order to avoid duplication.
  • the terminal device may calculate the movement distance of the terminal device using plane geometry.
  • the plane geometry calculation includes calculation using plane geometry theorems such as cosine theorem and Pythagorean theorem. The embodiments of the present application are not listed here one by one.
  • the duration of movement can be measured by the terminal device. For example, the time difference between the time when the acceleration sensor in the terminal device starts to detect that it is in a moving state and the current time can be determined as the length of movement; alternatively, the moving speed of the terminal device can also be obtained, and the calculated above The ratio of moving distance to moving speed is determined as the moving duration.
  • Step 611 The terminal device determines whether the movement parameters meet preset conditions.
  • the preset conditions include that the movement duration is greater than the preset duration and/or the movement distance is greater than the preset distance.
  • the preset duration and preset distance can be preset based on experience values. For example, the preset duration is 1 minute and the preset distance is 100m.
  • the movement parameters include the movement duration.
  • the movement duration is greater than the preset duration, it is determined that the movement parameters meet the preset conditions; when the movement duration is less than or equal to the preset duration, it is determined that the movement parameters do not meet the preset conditions.
  • the movement parameters include the movement distance.
  • the movement distance is greater than the preset distance, it is determined that the movement parameters meet the preset conditions; when the movement distance is less than or equal to the preset distance, it is determined that the movement parameters do not meet the preset conditions.
  • the movement parameters include movement duration and movement distance.
  • the movement duration is greater than the preset duration and the movement distance is greater than the preset distance, it is determined that the movement parameters meet the preset conditions.
  • the movement duration is less than or equal to the preset time length, and/or the movement distance is less than or equal to the preset distance, it is determined that the movement parameters do not meet the preset conditions.
  • the terminal device can still continue to receive the downlink signal sent by the network device based on the above-mentioned first target antenna, and continue to monitor the motion status of the terminal device. .
  • Step 612 When the mobility parameters meet the preset conditions, the terminal device re-detects the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signal received by the first target antenna, and determines the third target based on the re-detected signal quality parameters corresponding to the first target antenna. parameter.
  • the terminal device When the terminal device is in a mobile state, the signal quality of the downlink signal received by the first target antenna selected from the N antennas will change as the terminal device moves. Therefore, when the mobility parameters meet the preset conditions, the terminal device re-detects the first target antenna selected from the N antennas, the signal quality parameters of the received downlink signal, and corresponds to the re-detected first target antenna. Calculate the weighted average or maximum value of the signal quality parameters to obtain the third target parameter.
  • Step 613 The terminal device determines whether the third target parameter is less than or equal to the third preset threshold.
  • the terminal device compares the calculated third target parameter with the third preset threshold.
  • the third target parameter is less than or equal to the third preset threshold, it means that the downlink signal quality received by the first target antenna has deteriorated, and the above step 605 and subsequent steps are re-executed; and when the third target parameter is greater than the third preset threshold
  • the threshold is reached, it means that the downlink signal quality received by the first target antenna is better, then the terminal device still uses the first target antenna with better signal quality selected in step 608 to continue to receive the downlink signal sent by the network device, and continues Monitor the movement status of terminal equipment.
  • Step 614 If the first target parameter is less than the first preset threshold, the terminal device uses all N antennas as first target antennas to continue to receive downlink signals sent by the network device through the first target antennas.
  • step 614 is similar to the specific implementation manner of step 411 mentioned above, and will not be described again to avoid duplication.
  • Step 615 The terminal device transitions from the idle state to the connected state.
  • Step 616 The terminal device receives the downlink signal sent by the network device based on N antennas.
  • Step 617 When the terminal device switches from the connected state to the idle state, the terminal device determines the first target parameter based on the signal quality parameters corresponding to the downlink signals received by the N antennas in the connected state.
  • Step 618 The terminal device determines whether the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold.
  • Step 619 If the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, the terminal device determines whether the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold.
  • Step 620 If the first target parameter is less than the second preset threshold, the terminal device selects K antennas from the N antennas as the first target antennas to continue to receive downlink signals sent by the network device through the first target antennas.
  • Step 621 If the first target parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the terminal device selects R antennas from N antennas as first target antennas to continue receiving downlink signals sent by the network device through the first target antennas.
  • Step 622 If the first target parameter is less than the first preset threshold, the terminal device uses all N antennas as first target antennas to continue to receive downlink signals sent by the network device through the first target antennas.
  • steps 615 to 622 please refer to the description of the corresponding steps in Figure 5. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.
  • the embodiment of the present application can detect whether the motion state of the terminal device is a stationary state.
  • the previously selected first target antenna can be directly used.
  • the target antenna continues to receive the downlink signal, thereby reducing the power consumption caused by continuously switching the target antenna used to receive the downlink signal; when the terminal device is in a mobile state and its movement parameters meet the preset conditions, by re-switching from N
  • a first target antenna for receiving downlink signals is selected among the antennas, thereby improving the reception performance of the terminal device in a mobile state.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device enters the idle state, after selecting the first target antenna from the N antennas in the above manner, the downlink signal received by the selected first target antenna may also be periodically detected. Signal quality parameter, determines whether to switch the antenna used to receive downlink signals. For example, at intervals of a certain detection period, the terminal device may perform the above-mentioned step 612 and subsequent steps.
  • the detection period can be set manually. For example, the detection period is 2 minutes.
  • the signal quality parameters of the downlink signal received by the first target antenna are detected every 2 minutes, and their maximum value or weighted average value is determined. Whether it is less than or equal to the third preset threshold. When it is less than or equal to the third preset threshold, the above-mentioned step 605 and subsequent steps are performed. When it is greater than the third preset threshold, the first target antenna is still used to continue to receive downlink signals sent by the network device.
  • the detection period can also be dynamically adjusted according to the motion state of the terminal device, which can be a stationary state or a moving state.
  • the motion state of the terminal device is a stationary state
  • the signal quality parameter of the downlink signal received by the first target antenna is detected every interval of the first detection period, and it is determined whether its maximum value or weighted average value is less than or equal to the first detection period.
  • Three preset thresholds when the terminal is set When the motion state of the device is a mobile state, there is no need to determine whether its movement parameters meet the preset conditions to trigger the re-detection process.
  • the downlink signal received by the first target antenna can be detected every second detection period. signal quality parameters of the signal, and determine whether its maximum value or weighted average value is less than or equal to the third preset threshold.
  • the first detection period is greater than the second detection period.
  • the detection period can also be dynamically adjusted according to the moving speed of the terminal device.
  • the moving speed is negatively correlated with the detection period, that is, when the moving speed of the terminal device is greater, the detection period is shorter, and when the moving speed of the terminal device is smaller, the detection period is longer.
  • the corresponding relationship between the moving speed interval and the detection period can be preset.
  • the moving speed at which the target moving speed is located can be found from the corresponding relationship between the moving speed interval and the detection period.
  • the target detection period corresponding to the interval and detect the signal quality parameter of the downlink signal received by the first target antenna once every interval of the target detection period, and determine whether its maximum value or weighted average value is less than or equal to the third preset threshold .
  • the above-mentioned preset thresholds can also be dynamically adjusted according to the motion state of the terminal device.
  • the corresponding preset threshold when the terminal device is in a stationary state is smaller than the corresponding preset threshold when the terminal device is in a moving state.
  • the moving speed of the terminal device is positively correlated with the preset threshold, that is, when the moving speed of the terminal device is greater, its corresponding preset threshold is greater, and when the moving speed of the terminal device is smaller, its corresponding preset threshold The smaller.
  • the corresponding relationship between the moving speed interval and each preset threshold can be preset.
  • the preset threshold corresponding to the moving speed interval in which the target moving speed is located (such as the first preset threshold, the second preset threshold and the third preset threshold wait).
  • the found third preset threshold and the third preset threshold are used. Compare the two target parameters to perform the above step 604, or use the found third preset threshold to compare with the third target parameter to perform the above step 613.
  • the signal quality parameter in the embodiment of the present application can be any of the following parameters: signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), reference signal receiving power (reference signal receiving power, RSRP), reference signal receiving quality (RSRQ) or received signal strength indication (received signal strength indication, RSSI), etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • SINR signal to interference plus noise ratio
  • RSRP reference signal receiving power
  • RSRQ reference signal receiving quality
  • RSSI received signal strength indication
  • RSRP is a parameter that can reflect the communication status of the terminal device.
  • the RSRP can be measured.
  • RSRP is used to measure the received signal strength of the terminal device, in dBm.
  • the RSRP is larger, it means the communication quality of the terminal device is better.
  • the RSRP is smaller, it means the communication quality of the terminal device is worse.
  • this embodiment of the present application can also select some antennas from N antennas to send uplink signals to the network device.
  • the following description takes the number N of antennas in the terminal device as 4 as an example.
  • the terminal device uses 4 antennas to receive downlink signals sent by the terminal device, and the terminal device only supports 1 antenna to transmit uplink signals. Therefore, for the time division duplexing (TDD) frequency band, the antenna with the best signal quality among the four antennas can be selected as the transmitting antenna to transmit to the network.
  • Network equipment transmits uplink signals.
  • the terminal device uses 4 antennas to receive downlink signals sent by the terminal device, and the terminal device only supports 1 antenna to transmit uplink signals. Therefore, for the TDD frequency band or frequency division duplexing (FDD) frequency band, the antenna with the best signal quality among the four antennas can also be switched cyclically as the transmitting antenna to transmit uplink signals to the network equipment.
  • TDD time division duplexing
  • FDD frequency division duplexing
  • the terminal device uses 2 antennas to receive downlink signals sent by the terminal device, and the terminal device can support 2 antennas to transmit uplink signals. Therefore, for the TDD frequency band, one antenna with the best signal quality can be selected as the transmitting antenna among the two antennas to transmit uplink signals to the network device; while for the FDD frequency band, one antenna can be switched cyclically among the two antennas as the transmitting antenna. Transmit antenna to transmit uplink signals to network equipment.
  • the terminal device uses 4 antennas to receive downlink signals sent by the terminal device, and the terminal device can support 2 antennas to transmit uplink signals. Therefore, if the terminal device uses two antennas to transmit uplink signals, it can select the antenna with the best signal quality among the first antenna and the first antenna as the transmitting antenna, and select the antenna with the best signal quality among the third antenna and the fourth antenna.
  • a good antenna is used as a transmitting antenna, and the two transmitting antennas are used to transmit uplink signals to the network equipment; if the terminal device uses one antenna to transmit uplink signals, the antenna with the best signal quality can be selected among the four antennas. As a transmitting antenna, it transmits uplink signals to network equipment.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal device 100 shown in Figure 7 includes: a memory 701, a processor 110 and a communication interface 702, where the memory 701, the processor 110 and the communication interface 702 can communicate; for example, the memory 701, the processor 110 and the communication interface 702 Can communicate via communication bus.
  • the memory 701 may be a read only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device or a random access memory (RAM).
  • the memory 701 can store a computer program, which is controlled and executed by the processor 110, and communicated by the communication interface 702, thereby implementing the antenna switching method provided by the above embodiments of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the methods described in the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functionality may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium.
  • Computer-readable media may include computer storage media and communication media and may include any medium that can transfer a computer program from one place to another.
  • the storage media can be any target media that can be accessed by the computer.
  • the computer-readable medium may include RAM, ROM, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or a target that carries or any other medium that stores the required program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer.
  • any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium.
  • coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave
  • coaxial Cables, fiber optic cables, twisted pairs, DSL or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio and microwave are included in the definition of medium.
  • Disk and optical disc include optical disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc, where disks typically reproduce data magnetically, while optical discs reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.
  • Embodiments of the present application are described with reference to flowcharts and/or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present application. It will be understood that each process and/or block in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of processes and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processing unit of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, such that the instructions executed by the processing unit of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce a A device for realizing the functions specified in one process or multiple processes of the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks of the block diagram.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种天线切换方法及终端设备，应用于通信技术领域。在终端设备处于空闲态的情况下，根据终端设备中的第一数量个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定出第一目标参数，若第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限，从第一数量个天线中选择出信号质量更好的部分天线作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。因此，可使得第一目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量更佳，从而提高终端设备最终接收到的下行信号的信号质量，以提高终端设备的接收性能；并且，由于采用了第一数量个天线中的部分天线作为第一目标天线，来继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号，从而可降低终端设备的功耗。

Description

天线切换方法及终端设备
本申请要求于2022年03月24日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202210297292.4、申请名称为“天线切换方法及终端设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，以及在2022年05月16日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202210530373.4、申请名称为“天线切换方法及终端设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线切换方法及终端设备。
背景技术
随着无线通信技术的不断发展，终端设备需要承载的业务越来越多，使得终端设备需要更强的通信能力来提高通信质量，因此，终端设备的天线逐渐从单天线演变到多天线。
目前，在终端设备处于空闲态时，为了降低终端设备的功耗，会将主集天线对应的接收通路导通，而将分集天线对应的接收通路断开，使得终端设备采用主集天线来接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
但是，在一些场景中，主集天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量较差，从而影响终端设备的接收性能。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种天线切换方法及终端设备，在终端设备处于空闲态时，在降低终端设备的功耗的同时，提高终端设备接收到的下行信号的信号质量，以提高终端设备的接收性能。
第一方面，本申请实施例提出一种天线切换方法，应用于终端设备，终端设备包括第一数量个天线，第一数量为大于1的正整数，终端设备处于空闲态，该方法包括：根据第一数量个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第一目标参数；若第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限，从第一数量个天线中选择部分天线作为第一目标天线；第一目标天线用于继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号；其中，第一目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数，大于第一数量个天线中除第一目标天线外的其他天线接收的下行信号的信号质量参数。
其中，第一数量可以为N。这样，在终端设备处于空闲态的情况下，通过从N个天线中选择出信号质量更好的部分天线作为第一目标天线，使得第一目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量更佳，从而提高终端设备最终接收到的下行信号的信号质量，以提高终端设备的接收性能；并且，由于采用了N个天线中的部分天线作为第一目标天线，来继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号，从而可降低终端设备的功耗。
在一种可选的实施方式中，根据第一数量个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质 量参数，确定第一目标参数，包括：将第一数量个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的第一特征值，作为第一目标参数；第一特征值为第一数量个天线对应的信号质量参数的加权平均值或者最大值。这样，通过直接采用N个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的加权平均值或者最大值，来作为第一目标参数，使得第一目标参数的计算方式更加简单。
在一种可选的实施方式中，若第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限，从第一数量个天线中选择部分天线作为第一目标天线，包括：若第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限，将第一目标参数与第二预设门限进行比较，第一预设门限小于第二预设门限；若第一目标参数小于第二预设门限，且大于或等于第一预设门限，从第一数量个天线中选择第二数量个天线作为第一目标天线；若第一目标参数大于或等于第二预设门限，从第一数量个天线中选择第三数量个天线作为第一目标天线；第二数量和第三数量均为小于第一数量的正整数，且第二数量大于第三数量。其中，第二数量可以为K，第三数量可以为R。这样，通过根据第一目标参数与不同预设门限之间的关系，设置不同数量的天线作为第一目标天线，使得终端设备可以达到接收性能与功耗之间的平衡。
在一种可选的实施方式中，在根据第一数量个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第一目标参数之后，还包括：若第一目标参数小于第一预设门限，将第一数量个天线均作为第一目标天线。这样，在N个天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量不佳的情况下，通过将N个天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号，以提高终端设备的接收性能。
在一种可选的实施方式中，在根据第一数量个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第一目标参数之前，还包括：通过在空闲态时导通的第四数量个第二目标天线，接收网络设备发送的下行信号；第四数量为小于第一数量的正整数；根据第四数量个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第二目标参数；若第二目标参数小于或等于第三预设门限，控制第一数量个天线接收网络设备发送的下行信号；第三预设门限大于第一预设门限。其中，第四数量可以为M。这样，在终端设备驻网进入空闲态的场景下，当第二目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量不佳时，通过N个天线来接收下行信号，从而便于从N个天线中选择出信号质量更好的第一目标天线；并且，通过将第三预设门限设置成大于第一预设门限，可抑制天线切换时的乒乓效应。
在一种可选的实施方式中，根据第四数量个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第二目标参数，包括：将第四数量个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的第二特征值，作为第二目标参数；第二特征值为第四数量个第二目标天线对应的信号质量参数的加权平均值或者最大值。这样，通过直接采用M个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的加权平均值或者最大值，来作为第二目标参数，使得第二目标参数的计算方式更加简单。
在一种可选的实施方式中，在根据第一数量个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第一目标参数之前，还包括：通过在空闲态时导通的第四数量个第二目标天线，接收网络设备发送的下行信号；第四数量为小于第一数量的正整数；若对 第四数量个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号解调失败，控制第一数量个天线接收网络设备发送的下行信号。这样，在终端设备驻网进入空闲态的场景下，当第二目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量不佳而导致解调失败时，通过N个天线来接收下行信号，从而便于从N个天线中选择出信号质量更好的第一目标天线。
在一种可选的实施方式中，在根据第一数量个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第一目标参数之前，还包括：终端设备从空闲态转换为连接态；在连接态时通过第一数量个天线接收网络设备发送的下行信号；终端设备从连接态转换为空闲态。这样，在终端设备处于连接态时，终端设备中的N个天线已经接收到了网络设备发送的下行信号，因此，终端设备在从连接态切换到空闲态的情况下，可以无需再次控制N个天线接收网络设备发送的下行信号，而是根据连接态时N个天线接收到的下行信号，直接从中选择信号质量更好的第一目标天线，从而简化终端设备的执行过程。
在一种可选的实施方式中，在从第一数量个天线中选择部分天线作为第一目标天线之后，还包括：监测终端设备的运动状态；运动状态包括静止状态或移动状态；当运动状态为静止状态时，依旧通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。这样，当终端设备处于静止状态时，可直接采用之前选择的第一目标天线来继续接收下行信号，从而降低不断切换用于接收下行信号的目标天线而带来的功耗。
在一种可选的实施方式中，在监测终端设备的运动状态之后，还包括：当运动状态为移动状态时，监测移动状态对应的移动参数；当移动参数满足预设条件时，重新检测第一目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数，重新检测到的第一目标天线对应的信号质量参数，用于确定是否切换接收下行信号的天线。这样，当终端设备处于移动状态，且其移动参数满足预设条件时，通过将重新检测到的第一目标天线对应的信号质量参数的加权平均值或最大值，与第三预设门限进行比较；当小于或等于第三预设门限时，重新从N个天线中选择用于接收下行信号的天线，而当大于第三预设门限时，依旧采用原来的第一目标天线接收下行信号，从而提高移动状态下终端设备的接收性能。
在一种可选的实施方式中，移动参数包括移动时长和/或移动距离；预设条件包括移动时长大于预设时长和/或移动距离大于预设距离。
在一种可选的实施方式中，信号质量参数包括信号与干扰噪声比、参考信号接收功率、参数信号接收质量以及接收信号强度指示中的至少一者。
第二方面，本申请实施例提出一种终端设备，包括存储器和处理器，存储器用于存储计算机程序，处理器用于调用计算机程序，以执行上述的天线切换方法。
第三方面，本申请实施例提出一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当计算机程序或指令被运行时，实现上述的天线切换方法。
第四方面，本申请实施例提出一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序，当计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行上述的天线切换方法。
第二方面至第四方面各可能的实现方式，效果与第一方面以及第一方面的可能的设计中的效果类似，在此不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的无线通信系统的一种场景示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的终端设备中的一种天线分布示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的提供的终端设备硬件系统结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种场景下的天线切换方法的流程图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的另一种场景下的天线切换方法的流程图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的天线切换方法的流程示意图；
图7为本申请实施提供的一种终端设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于清楚描述本申请实施例的技术方案，在本申请的实施例中，采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。例如，第一芯片和第二芯片仅仅是为了区分不同的芯片，并不对其先后顺序进行限定。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其他实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。
本申请实施例中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b，或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a-b，a-c，b-c，或a-b-c，其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
随着无线通信技术的不断发展，人们对终端设备的依赖越来越高，终端设备逐渐成为人们日常生活和工作中常见的工具。并且，为了使得终端设备可以提供更丰富的通信业务，终端设备的天线逐渐从单天线演变到多天线。
在一些实施例中，终端设备可支持多天线传输技术(multiple-input multiple-output，MIMO)，其可以利用多个天线与网络设备进行通信，例如，利用多个天线接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
以下结合图1所示的无线通信系统的具体结构进行示例性说明。本申请实施例所示的无线通信系统包括终端设备100和网络设备200。
其中，终端设备100包括依次连接的处理器110、射频模块120、切换开关130和天线集合140。射频模块120用于射频收发、频率合成(混频)、功率放大等，即射频模块120可用于通过射频资源接收信号和发射信号，其中，射频模块120包括射频发射通路和射频接收通路。天线集合140包括多个天线，例如天线集合140包括4个天线。切换开关130用于切换与射频模块120导通的天线，以通过与射频模块120导通 的天线与网络设备200进行通信，例如，可通过切换开关130切换与射频模块120导通的天线，来接收网络设备200发送的下行信号。网络设备200可以为基站或基站控制器，用来为终端设备100提供蜂窝无线通信服务，终端设备100可以通过天线集合140实现与网络设备200的通信。
在应用过程中，网络设备200在发送下行信号之后，终端设备100上的天线集合140可接收网络设备200发送的下行信号。当切换开关130控制天线集合140中的一个或多个天线与射频模块120导通时，与射频模块120导通的天线可将接收到的下行信号传输给射频模块120。通过射频模块120中的射频接收通路对下行信号的信号进行滤波，放大等处理，然后传送至处理器110，从而使得处理器110可获取到网络设备200发送的下行信号。
在一些实施例中，终端设备100内的各个天线通常设置在终端设备100内部的边框位置。示例性的，如图2所示，在终端设备100的内部边框位置设置有4个天线，其分别为第一天线141、第二天线142、第三天线143和第四天线144，第一天线141位于终端设备100的第一边框，第二天线142位于终端设备100的第二边框，第三天线143位于终端设备100的第三边框，第四天线144位于终端设备100的第四边框。
可以理解的是，在终端设备100处于竖屏状态下，第一边框可以是终端设备100的顶部边框，第二边框可以是终端设备100的底部边框，第三边框可以是终端设备100的左侧边框，第四边框可以是终端设备100的右侧边框。
本申请实施例以终端设备100具有的天线数量为4个为例进行说明，即终端设备100的天线集合140可以包括4个天线。可以理解的是，本申请实施例中的终端设备100具有的天线数量还可以为其他数量，如6个、8个等，本申请实施例对终端设备100具有的天线的数量不作限定。
另外，图2所示的天线分布位置仅是终端设备100中的一种可选的分布示意图，可以理解的是，本申请实施例中的天线还可以分布在其他位置。例如，本申请实施例中的4个天线还可以依次分布在终端设备100的左上角、右上角、左下角以及右下角等位置，本申请实施例对终端设备100中的天线的分布位置不作限定。
在终端设备100处于连接态的情况下，为了提高终端设备100接收到的网络设备200发送的下行信号的信号质量，可以通过切换开关130将天线集合140中的4个天线与射频模块120均导通，终端设备100通过4个导通的天线来接收网络设备200发送的下行信号，提高终端设备100最终接收到的下行信号的信号强度，从而使得终端设备可以提高弱信号下的解调能力，以提高终端设备100的接收性能。
需要说明的是，在终端设备100处于连接态的情况下，终端设备100也可以通过接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数，并按照预置的策略确定是否切换到使用2个天线或1个天线，来接收网络设备200发送的下行信号，从而使得终端设备100可以达到接收性能与功耗之间的平衡。
在终端设备100处于空闲态的情况下，若终端设备100依旧采用4个导通的天线来接收网络设备200发送的下行信号，会导致终端设备100产生不必要的功耗，不利于终端设备节省电量。
在相关技术中，终端设备100可以预先设定天线集合中的各个天线是属于主集天 线还是属于分集天线。例如，终端设备100在出厂前已经预先设置了4个天线的主分集关系，将其中的两个天线作为主集天线，剩余的两个天线作为分集天线。在终端设备100处于连接态的情况下，主集天线指的是同时执行信号的发射和接收的天线，分集天线指的是只接收信号而不发射信号的天线。
因此，在终端设备100处于空闲态的情况下，通过切换开关130可将预先设定的两个主集天线与射频模块120导通，来接收网络设备200发送的下行信号，而将预先设定的两个分集天线与射频模块120断开连接，以降低终端设备100的功耗。
例如，如图2所示，可预先将第一天线141和第二天线142设置为主集天线，而将第三天线143和第四天线144设置为分集天线。因此，在终端设备100处于空闲态的情况下，可将第一天线141和第二天线142与射频模块120导通，而将第三天线143和第四天线144与射频模块120断开连接，采用第一天线141和第二天线142来接收网络设备200发送的下行信号。
需要说明的是，空闲态指的是终端设备驻留到满足小区驻留条件的小区上，但是没有发起业务的状态；连接态指的是终端设备驻留到满足小区驻留条件的小区上，且终端设备与网络设备之间建立了无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)连接，使得终端设备与网络设备可以进行数据的收发，以执行语音等通信业务的状态。
但是，用户在使用终端设备100的过程中，终端设备100在不同的使用状态下可能处于不同的姿态，如终端设备100可能处于竖屏状态、横屏状态；并且，用户在使用终端设备100的过程中，用户可能会握持终端设备100，当用户握持终端设备100时，用户可能是单手握持(如左手握持或右手握持)或双手握持(即左右手同时握持)，而用户握持的位置有可能是终端设备100中的天线的分布位置。
在一些场景中，在终端设备100处于空闲态的情况下，若用户握持的位置为主集天线分布的位置时，用户的手部会遮挡住主集天线，从而会导致主集天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量降低，从而影响终端设备100的接收性能。
例如，在终端设备100处于空闲态的情况下，第一天线141和第二天线142设置为主集天线，采用第一天线141和第二天线142来接收网络设备200发送的下行信号。在这种情况下，若用户将终端设备100处于横屏状态且双手握持时，第一天线141和第二天线142可能会被用户的手部遮挡，使得第一天线141和第二天线142接收到的下行信号的信号质量降低，从而导致影响终端设备100最终接收到的下行信号的信号质量降低，影响终端设备100的接收性能。
基于此，本申请实施例提供了一种天线切换方法及终端设备，在终端设备100处于空闲态的情况下，根据终端设备100中的N个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定出第一目标参数，若第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限时，从N个天线中选择出信号质量更好的部分天线作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备200发送的下行信号。因此，在采用第一目标天线继续接收下行信号时，可使得第一目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量更佳，从而提高终端设备100最终接收到的下行信号的信号质量，以提高终端设备100的接收性能；并且，由于采用了N个天线中的部分天线作为第一目标天线，来继续接收网络设备200发送的下行信号，从而可降低终端设备100的功耗。
示例性的，在终端设备100处于空闲态的情况下，若用户将终端设备100处于横屏状态且双手握持时，第一天线141和第二天线142可能会被用户的手部遮挡，使得第一天线141和第二天线142接收到的下行信号的信号质量降低，但是第三天线143和第四天线144接收到的下行信号，没有因为用户的手部握持而影响其信号质量。因此，终端设备可能确定出第三天线143和第四天线144接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数，均大于第一天线141和第二天线142接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数，从而切换至第三天线143和第四天线144与射频模块120导通，以通过第三天线143和第四天线144来继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号，从而提高终端设备100的接收性能。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例的天线切换方法也可适用于其他场景中，终端设备100处于空闲态的情况下，通过判断N个天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数，从中选择出信号质量更好的第一目标天线来接收下行信号，使得终端设备不会因放置方向不同以及握持姿势不同等因素过多地影响其接收性能。
本申请实施例提供的天线切换方法，可以应用在具备无线通信功能的终端设备中。该终端设备也可以称为终端(terminal)、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)等。终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、智能电视、穿戴式设备、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self-driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等等。本申请的实施例对终端设备所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。
为了能够更好地理解本申请实施例，下面对本申请实施例的终端设备的结构进行介绍示例性的，图3为本申请实施例提供的终端设备硬件系统结构示意图。
终端设备100可以包括处理器110，外部存储器接口320，内部存储器321，通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口330，充电管理模块340，电源管理模块341，电池342，天线1，天线2，移动通信模块350，无线通信模块360，音频模块370，扬声器370A，受话器370B，麦克风370C，耳机接口370D，传感器模块380，按键390，马达391，指示器392，摄像头393，显示屏394，以及用户标识模块(subscriberidentification module，SIM)卡接口395等。其中传感器模块380可以包括压力传感器380A，陀螺仪传感器380B，气压传感器380C，磁传感器380D，加速度传感器380E，距离传感器380F，接近光传感器380G，指纹传感器380H，温度传感器380J，触摸传感器380K，环境光传感器380L，骨传导传感器380M等。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例示意的结构并不构成对终端设备100的具体限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，终端设备100可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件，软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。
处理器110可以包括一个或多个处理单元，例如：处理器110可以包括应用处理器(application processor，AP)，调制解调处理器，图形处理器(graphics processingunit， GPU)，图像信号处理器(image signal processor，ISP)，控制器，视频编解码器，数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)，基带处理器，和/或神经网络处理器(neural-network processing unit，NPU)等。其中，不同的处理单元可以是独立的器件，也可以集成在一个或多个处理器中。
控制器可以根据指令操作码和时序信号，产生操作控制信号，完成取指令和执行指令的控制。
处理器110中还可以设置存储器，用于存储指令和数据。在一些实施例中，处理器110中的存储器为高速缓冲存储器。该存储器可以保存处理器110刚用过或循环使用的指令或数据。如果处理器110需要再次使用该指令或数据，可从存储器中调用。避免了重复存取，减少了处理器110的等待时间，因而提高了系统的效率。
在一些实施例中，处理器110可以包括一个或多个接口。接口可以包括集成电路(inter-integrated circuit，I2C)接口，集成电路内置音频(inter-integrated circuitsound，I2S)接口，脉冲编码调制(pulse code modulation，PCM)接口，通用异步收发传输器(universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter，UART)接口，移动产业处理器接口(mobile industry processor interface，MIPI)，通用输入输出(general-purposeinput/output，GPIO)接口，用户标识模块(subscriber identity module，SIM)接口，和/或通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口等。
I2C接口是一种双向同步串行总线，包括一根串行数据线(serial data line，SDA)和一根串行时钟线(derail clock line，SCL)。在一些实施例中，处理器110可以包含多组I2C总线。处理器110可以通过不同的I2C总线接口分别耦合触摸传感器380K，充电器，闪光灯，摄像头393等。例如：处理器110可以通过I2C接口耦合触摸传感器380K，使处理器110与触摸传感器380K通过I2C总线接口通信，实现终端设备100的触摸功能。
I2S接口可以用于音频通信。在一些实施例中，处理器110可以包含多组I2S总线。处理器110可以通过I2S总线与音频模块370耦合，实现处理器110与音频模块370之间的通信。在一些实施例中，音频模块370可以通过I2S接口向无线通信模块360传递音频信号，实现通过蓝牙耳机接听电话的功能。
PCM接口也可以用于音频通信，将模拟信号抽样，量化和编码。在一些实施例中，音频模块370与无线通信模块360可以通过PCM总线接口耦合。在一些实施例中，音频模块370也可以通过PCM接口向无线通信模块360传递音频信号，实现通过蓝牙耳机接听电话的功能。I2S接口和PCM接口都可以用于音频通信。
UART接口是一种通用串行数据总线，用于异步通信。该总线可以为双向通信总线。它将要传输的数据在串行通信与并行通信之间转换。在一些实施例中，UART接口通常被用于连接处理器110与无线通信模块360。例如：处理器110通过UART接口与无线通信模块360中的蓝牙模块通信，实现蓝牙功能。在一些实施例中，音频模块370可以通过UART接口向无线通信模块360传递音频信号，实现通过蓝牙耳机播放音乐的功能。
MIPI接口可以被用于连接处理器110与显示屏394，摄像头393等外围器件。MIPI接口包括摄像头串行接口(camera serial interface，CSI)，显示屏串行接口(displayserial  interface，DSI)等。在一些实施例中，处理器110和摄像头393通过CSI接口通信，实现终端设备100的拍摄功能。处理器110和显示屏394通过DSI接口通信，实现终端设备100的显示功能。
GPIO接口可以通过软件配置。GPIO接口可以被配置为控制信号，也可被配置为数据信号。在一些实施例中，GPIO接口可以用于连接处理器110与摄像头393，显示屏394，无线通信模块360，音频模块370，传感器模块380等。GPIO接口还可以被配置为I2C接口，I2S接口，UART接口，MIPI接口等。
USB接口330是符合USB标准规范的接口，具体可以是Mini USB接口，Micro USB接口，USB Type C接口等。USB接口330可以用于连接充电器为终端设备100充电，也可以用于终端设备100与外围设备之间传输数据。也可以用于连接耳机，通过耳机播放音频。该接口还可以用于连接其他电子设备，例如AR设备等。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例示意的各模块间的接口连接关系，是示意性说明，并不构成对终端设备100的结构限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，终端设备100也可以采用上述实施例中不同的接口连接方式，或多种接口连接方式的组合。
充电管理模块340用于从充电器接收充电输入。其中，充电器可以是无线充电器，也可以是有线充电器。在一些有线充电的实施例中，充电管理模块340可以通过USB接口330接收有线充电器的充电输入。在一些无线充电的实施例中，充电管理模块340可以通过终端设备100的无线充电线圈接收无线充电输入。充电管理模块340为电池342充电的同时，还可以通过电源管理模块341为终端设备供电。
电源管理模块341用于连接电池342，充电管理模块340与处理器110。电源管理模块341接收电池342和/或充电管理模块340的输入，为处理器110，内部存储器321，显示屏394，摄像头393，和无线通信模块360等供电。电源管理模块341还可以用于监测电池容量，电池循环次数，电池健康状态(漏电，阻抗)等参数。在其他一些实施例中，电源管理模块341也可以设置于处理器110中。在另一些实施例中，电源管理模块341和充电管理模块340也可以设置于同一个器件中。
终端设备100的无线通信功能可以通过天线1，天线2，移动通信模块350，无线通信模块360，调制解调处理器以及基带处理器等实现。
天线1和天线2用于发射和接收电磁波信号。终端设备100中的天线可用于覆盖单个或多个通信频带。不同的天线还可以复用，以提高天线的利用率。例如：可以将天线1复用为无线局域网的分集天线。在另外一些实施例中，天线可以和调谐开关结合使用。
在一些实施例中，上述天线1可以包括4根天线，其分别为如图2所示的第一天线141、第二天线142、第三天线143和第四天线144。
移动通信模块350可以提供应用在终端设备100上的包括2G/3G/4G/5G等无线通信的解决方案，移动通信模块350可也称为射频模块120。移动通信模块350可以包括至少一个滤波器，开关，功率放大器，低噪声放大器(low noise amplifier，LNA)等。移动通信模块350可以由天线1接收电磁波，并对接收的电磁波进行滤波，放大等处理，传送至调制解调处理器进行解调。移动通信模块350还可以对经调制解调处理器调制后的信号放大，经天线1转为电磁波辐射出去。在一些实施例中，移动通信 模块350的至少部分功能模块可以被设置于处理器110中。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块350的至少部分功能模块可以与处理器110的至少部分模块被设置在同一个器件中。
调制解调处理器可以包括调制器和解调器。其中，调制器用于将待发送的低频基带信号调制成中高频信号。解调器用于将接收的电磁波信号解调为低频基带信号。随后解调器将解调得到的低频基带信号传送至基带处理器处理。低频基带信号经基带处理器处理后，被传递给应用处理器。应用处理器通过音频设备(不限于扬声器370A，受话器370B等)输出声音信号，或通过显示屏394显示图像或视频。在一些实施例中，调制解调处理器可以是独立的器件。在另一些实施例中，调制解调处理器可以独立于处理器110，与移动通信模块350或其他功能模块设置在同一个器件中。
无线通信模块360可以提供应用在终端设备100上的包括无线局域网(wirelesslocal area networks，WLAN)(如无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)网络)，蓝牙(bluetooth，BT)，全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GNSS)，调频(frequency modulation，FM)，近距离无线通信技术(near field communication，NFC)，红外技术(infrared，IR)等无线通信的解决方案。无线通信模块360可以是集成至少一个通信处理模块的一个或多个器件。无线通信模块360经由天线2接收电磁波，将电磁波信号调频以及滤波处理，将处理后的信号发送到处理器110。无线通信模块360还可以从处理器110接收待发送的信号，对其进行调频，放大，经天线2转为电磁波辐射出去。
在一些实施例中，终端设备100的天线1和移动通信模块350耦合，天线2和无线通信模块360耦合，使得终端设备100可以通过无线通信技术与网络以及其他设备通信。无线通信技术可以包括全球移动通讯系统(global system for mobile communications，GSM)，通用分组无线服务(general packet radio service，GPRS)，码分多址接入(codedivision multiple access，CDMA)，宽带码分多址(wideband code division multipleaccess，WCDMA)，时分码分多址(time-division code division multiple access，TD-SCDMA)，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)，BT，GNSS，WLAN，NFC，FM，和/或IR技术等。GNSS可以包括全球卫星定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)，全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GLONASS)，北斗卫星导航系统(beidounavigation satellite system，BDS)，准天顶卫星系统(quasi-zenith satellitesystem，QZSS)和/或星基增强系统(satellite based augmentation systems，SBAS)。
终端设备100通过GPU，显示屏394，以及应用处理器等实现显示功能。GPU为图像处理的微处理器，连接显示屏394和应用处理器。GPU用于执行数学和几何计算，用于图形渲染。处理器110可包括一个或多个GPU，其执行程序指令以生成或改变显示信息。
显示屏394用于显示图像、显示视频和接收滑动操作等。显示屏394包括显示面板。显示面板可以采用液晶显示屏(liquid crystal display，LCD)，有机发光二极管(organic light-emittingdiode，OLED)，有源矩阵有机发光二极体或主动矩阵有机发光二极体(active-matrixorganic light emitting diod，AMOLED)，柔性发光二极管(flex light-emittingdiode，FLED)，Miniled，MicroLed，Micro-oLed，量子点发光二极管 (quantum dot lightemitting diodes，QLED)等。在一些实施例中，终端设备100可以包括1个或多个显示屏394。
终端设备100可以通过ISP，摄像头393，视频编解码器，GPU，显示屏394以及应用处理器等实现拍摄功能。
ISP用于处理摄像头393反馈的数据。例如，拍照时，打开快门，光线通过镜头被传递到摄像头感光元件上，光信号转换为电信号，摄像头感光元件将电信号传递给ISP处理，转化为肉眼可见的图像。ISP还可以对图像的噪点，亮度，肤色进行算法优化。ISP还可以对拍摄场景的曝光，色温等参数优化。在一些实施例中，ISP可以设置在摄像头393中。
摄像头393用于捕获静态图像或视频。物体通过镜头生成光学图像投射到感光元件。感光元件可以是电荷耦合器件(charge coupled device，CCD)或互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor，CMOS)光电晶体管。感光元件把光信号转换成电信号，之后将电信号传递给ISP转换成数字图像信号。ISP将数字图像信号输出到DSP加工处理。DSP将数字图像信号转换成标准的RGB，YUV等格式的图像信号。在一些实施例中，终端设备100可以包括1个或多个摄像头393。
数字信号处理器用于处理数字信号，除了可以处理数字图像信号，还可以处理其他数字信号。例如，当终端设备100在频点选择时，数字信号处理器用于对频点能量进行傅里叶变换等。
视频编解码器用于对数字视频压缩或解压缩。终端设备100可以支持一种或多种视频编解码器。这样，终端设备100可以播放或录制多种编码格式的视频，例如：动态图像专家组(moving picture experts group，MPEG)1，MPEG2，MPEG3，MPEG4等。
NPU为神经网络(neural-network，NN)计算处理器，通过借鉴生物神经网络结构，例如借鉴人脑神经元之间传递模式，对输入信息快速处理，还可以不断的自学习。通过NPU可以实现终端设备100的智能认知等应用，例如：图像识别，人脸识别，语音识别，文本理解等。
外部存储器接口320可以用于连接外部存储卡，例如Micro SD卡，实现扩展终端设备100的存储能力。外部存储卡通过外部存储器接口320与处理器110通信，实现数据存储功能。例如将音乐，视频等文件保存在外部存储卡中。
内部存储器321可以用于存储计算机可执行程序代码，可执行程序代码包括指令。内部存储器321可以包括存储程序区和存储数据区。其中，存储程序区可存储操作系统，至少一个功能所需的应用程序(比如声音播放功能，图像播放功能等)等。存储数据区可存储终端设备100使用过程中所创建的数据(比如音频数据，电话本等)等。此外，内部存储器321可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件，闪存器件，通用闪存存储器(universal flash storage，UFS)等。处理器110通过运行存储在内部存储器321的指令，和/或存储在设置于处理器中的存储器的指令，执行终端设备100的各种功能应用以及数据处理。
终端设备100可以通过音频模块370，扬声器370A，受话器370B，麦克风370C，耳机接口370D，以及应用处理器等实现音频功能。例如音乐播放，录音等。
音频模块370用于将数字音频信息转换成模拟音频信号输出，也用于将模拟音频输入转换为数字音频信号。音频模块370还可以用于对音频信号编码和解码。在一些实施例中，音频模块370可以设置于处理器110中，或将音频模块370的部分功能模块设置于处理器110中。
扬声器370A，也称“喇叭”，用于将音频电信号转换为声音信号。终端设备100可以通过扬声器370A收听音乐，或收听免提通话。
受话器370B，也称“听筒”，用于将音频电信号转换成声音信号。当终端设备100接听电话或语音信息时，可以通过将受话器370B靠近人耳接听语音。
麦克风370C，也称“话筒”，“传声器”，用于将声音信号转换为电信号。当拨打电话或发送语音信息时，用户可以通过人嘴靠近麦克风370C发声，将声音信号输入到麦克风370C。终端设备100可以设置至少一个麦克风370C。在另一些实施例中，终端设备100可以设置两个麦克风370C，除了采集声音信号，还可以实现降噪功能。在另一些实施例中，终端设备100还可以设置三个，四个或更多麦克风370C，实现采集声音信号，降噪，还可以识别声音来源，实现定向录音功能等。
耳机接口370D用于连接有线耳机。耳机接口370D可以是USB接口330，也可以是3.5mm的开放移动电子设备平台(open mobile terminal platform，OMTP)标准接口，美国蜂窝电信工业协会(cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA，CTIA)标准接口。
压力传感器380A用于感受压力信号，可以将压力信号转换成电信号。在一些实施例中，压力传感器380A可以设置于显示屏394。压力传感器380A的种类很多，如电阻式压力传感器，电感式压力传感器，电容式压力传感器等。电容式压力传感器可以是包括至少两个具有导电材料的平行板。当有力作用于压力传感器380A，电极之间的电容改变。终端设备100根据电容的变化确定压力的强度。当有触摸操作作用于显示屏394，终端设备100根据压力传感器380A检测触摸操作强度。终端设备100也可以根据压力传感器380A的检测信号计算触摸的位置。在一些实施例中，作用于相同触摸位置，但不同触摸操作强度的触摸操作，可以对应不同的操作指令。
陀螺仪传感器380B可以用于确定终端设备100的运动姿态。在一些实施例中，可以通过陀螺仪传感器380B确定终端设备100围绕三个轴(即，x、y和z轴)的角速度。陀螺仪传感器380B可以用于拍摄防抖。示例性的，当按下快门，陀螺仪传感器380B检测终端设备100抖动的角度，根据角度计算出镜头模组需要补偿的距离，让镜头通过反向运动抵消终端设备100的抖动，实现防抖。陀螺仪传感器380B还可以用于导航，体感游戏场景。
气压传感器380C用于测量气压。在一些实施例中，终端设备100通过气压传感器380C测得的气压值计算海拔高度，辅助定位和导航。
磁传感器380D包括霍尔传感器。终端设备100可以利用磁传感器380D检测翻盖皮套的开合。在一些实施例中，当终端设备100是翻盖机时，终端设备100可以根据磁传感器380D检测翻盖的开合。进而根据检测到的皮套的开合状态或翻盖的开合状态，设置翻盖自动解锁等特性。
加速度传感器380E可检测终端设备100在各个方向上(一般为三轴)加速度的大 小。当终端设备100静止时可检测出重力的大小及方向。还可以用于识别终端设备姿态，应用于横竖屏切换，计步器等应用程序。
距离传感器380F，用于测量距离。终端设备100可以通过红外或激光测量距离。在一些实施例中，拍摄场景，终端设备100可以利用距离传感器380F测距以实现快速对焦。
接近光传感器380G可以包括例如发光二极管(LED)和光检测器，例如光电二极管。发光二极管可以是红外发光二极管。终端设备100通过发光二极管向外发射红外光。终端设备100使用光电二极管检测来自附近物体的红外反射光。当检测到充分的反射光时，可以确定终端设备100附近有物体。当检测到不充分的反射光时，终端设备100可以确定终端设备100附近没有物体。终端设备100可以利用接近光传感器380G检测用户手持终端设备100贴近耳朵通话，以便自动熄灭屏幕达到省电的目的。接近光传感器380G也可用于皮套模式，口袋模式自动解锁与锁屏。
环境光传感器380L用于感知环境光亮度。终端设备100可以根据感知的环境光亮度自适应调节显示屏394亮度。环境光传感器380L也可用于拍照时自动调节白平衡。环境光传感器380L还可以与接近光传感器380G配合，检测终端设备100是否在口袋里，以防误触。
指纹传感器380H用于采集指纹。终端设备100可以利用采集的指纹特性实现指纹解锁，访问应用锁，指纹拍照，指纹接听来电等。
温度传感器380J用于检测温度。在一些实施例中，终端设备100利用温度传感器380J检测的温度，执行温度处理策略。例如，当温度传感器380J上报的温度超过阈值，终端设备100执行降低位于温度传感器380J附近的处理器的性能，以便降低功耗实施热保护。在另一些实施例中，当温度低于另一阈值时，终端设备100对电池342加热，以避免低温导致终端设备100异常关机。在其他一些实施例中，当温度低于又一阈值时，终端设备100对电池342的输出电压执行升压，以避免低温导致的异常关机。
触摸传感器380K，也称“触控器件”。触摸传感器380K可以设置于显示屏394，由触摸传感器380K与显示屏394组成触摸屏，也称“触控屏”。触摸传感器380K用于检测作用于其上或附近的触摸操作。触摸传感器可以将检测到的触摸操作传递给应用处理器，以确定触摸事件类型。可以通过显示屏394提供与触摸操作相关的视觉输出。在另一些实施例中，触摸传感器380K也可以设置于终端设备100的表面，与显示屏394所处的位置不同。
骨传导传感器380M可以获取振动信号。在一些实施例中，骨传导传感器380M可以获取人体声部振动骨块的振动信号。骨传导传感器380M也可以接触人体脉搏，接收血压跳动信号。在一些实施例中，骨传导传感器380M也可以设置于耳机中，结合成骨传导耳机。音频模块370可以基于骨传导传感器380M获取的声部振动骨块的振动信号，解析出语音信号，实现语音功能。应用处理器可以基于骨传导传感器380M获取的血压跳动信号解析心率信息，实现心率检测功能。
按键390包括开机键，音量键等。按键390可以是机械按键。也可以是触摸式按键。终端设备100可以接收按键输入，产生与终端设备100的用户设置以及功能控制有关的键信号输入。
马达391可以产生振动提示。马达391可以用于来电振动提示，也可以用于触摸振动反馈。例如，作用于不同应用程序(例如拍照，音频播放等)的触摸操作，可以对应不同的振动反馈效果。作用于显示屏394不同区域的触摸操作，马达391也可对应不同的振动反馈效果。不同的应用场景(例如：时间提醒，接收信息，闹钟，游戏等)也可以对应不同的振动反馈效果。触摸振动反馈效果还可以支持自定义。
指示器392可以是指示灯，可以用于指示充电状态，电量变化，也可以用于指示消息，未接来电，通知等。
SIM卡接口395用于连接SIM卡。SIM卡可以通过插入SIM卡接口395，或从SIM卡接口395拔出，实现和终端设备100的接触和分离。终端设备100可以支持1个或多个SIM卡接口。SIM卡接口395可以支持Nano SIM卡，Micro SIM卡，SIM卡等。同一个SIM卡接口395可以同时插入多张卡。多张卡的类型可以相同，也可以不同。SIM卡接口395也可以兼容不同类型的SIM卡。SIM卡接口395也可以兼容外部存储卡。终端设备100通过SIM卡和网络交互，实现通话以及数据通信等功能。在一些实施例中，终端设备100采用eSIM，即：嵌入式SIM卡。eSIM卡可以嵌在终端设备100中，不能和终端设备100分离。
下面以具体地实施例对本申请的技术方案以及本申请的技术方案如何解决上述技术问题进行详细说明。下面这几个具体的实施例可以独立实现，也可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例中不再赘述。
示例性的，图4为本申请实施例提供的一种场景下的天线切换方法的流程图。参照图4所示，该天线切换方法具体可以包括如下步骤：
步骤401，终端设备驻留到目标小区，并进入空闲态。
在一些场景中，终端设备在开机或者脱网后重新入网时，会执行小区选择。小区选择指的是终端设备在第一次接入网络时，选择符合条件的小区并进行驻留的过程。当终端设备在目标小区驻留后，终端设备即进入了空闲态，目标小区指的是终端设备当前驻留的小区。
步骤402，终端设备基于导通的M个第二目标天线，接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
在终端设备驻留到目标小区并进入空闲态的情况下，即终端设备在开机后第一次处于空闲态的情况下，可将终端设备预先设定的M个主集天线作为第二目标天线；或者，也可以将终端设备关机前或者脱网前的任意M个天线作为第二目标天线；或者，还可以将终端设备关机前或者脱网前的信号质量参数排序靠前(其按照信号质量参数从高到低进行排序)的M个天线作为第二目标天线。
在终端设备处于空闲态时，网络设备会向终端设备发送下行信号，终端设备中的第二目标天线与射频模块导通，因此，可基于第二目标天线将接收到的下行信号发送至射频模块，射频模块对下行信号滤波和放大等处理，然后传输至终端设备的处理器。
可选的，上述下行信号可以是下行参考信号，如小区参考信号(cell reference signal，CRS)或者信道状态信息参考信号(channel state information-reference signal，CSI-RS)等。
在本申请实施例中，终端设备中的天线数量为N个，而第二目标天线的数量为M 个，M为小于N的正整数。也就是说，在终端设备驻留到目标小区并进入空闲态的情况下，将终端设备中的部分天线与射频模块导通，而另一部分天线与射频模块断开连接，以通过导通的第二目标天线接收网络设备发送的下行信号，从而降低终端设备的功耗。
例如，N可以为4，M可以为2，即终端设备中的天线数量为4个，而第二目标天线的数量为2个。
步骤403，终端设备根据M个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第二目标参数。
在本申请实施例中，终端设备的处理器在获取到M个第二目标天线传输的下行信号之后，处理器分别获取每个第二目标天线传输的下行信号对应的信号质量参数；然后，计算M个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的第二特征值，将第二特征值作为第二目标参数。其中，该第二特征值可以为M个第二目标天线对应的信号质量参数的加权平均值或者最大值。
一种可选的实施方式，处理器可以计算M个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的加权平均值，将该加权平均值作为第二目标参数。
在实际应用中，M个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数各自对应的权重，可根据实际情况进行设定。并且，M个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数各自对应的权重，可以相等，也可以不相等。
以M个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数各自对应的权重相等，且权重均为1为例，上述的M个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的加权平均值，可以理解为M个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的平均值。
例如，第二目标天线为图2所示的第一天线141和第二天线142，且第一天线141接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数QANT1等于-120dBm，第二天线142接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数QANT2等于-118dBm。因此，第二目标参数可以为(QANT1+QANT2)/2＝-119dBm。
另一种可选的实施方式，处理器可以从M个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数中，提取其最大值，将该最大值作为第二目标参数。
例如，第二目标天线为图2所示的第一天线141和第二天线142，且第一天线141接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数QANT1等于-120dBm，第二天线142接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数QANT2等于-118dBm，因此，第二目标参数可以为-118dBm。
当然，可以理解的是，上述的第二特征值，除了包括M个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的加权平均值以及最大值之外，还可以其他特征值。例如，第二特征值还可以是M个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的最小值或者和值(即对M个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数求和后得到的值)等。
在一些实施例中，该处理器可以是调制解调处理器、基带处理器以及应用处理器中的任一者。示例性的，该处理器可以是调制解调处理器，则可以通过调制解调处理器从上行信号中获取到其对应的信号质量参数。
步骤404，终端设备确定第二目标参数是否小于或等于第三预设门限。
在本申请实施例中，在终端设备中预先设置有第三预设门限，终端设备中的处理器在计算得到第二目标参数之后，处理器将第二目标参数与第三预设门限进行比较，确定第二目标参数是否小于或等于第三预设门限。
需要说明的是，第三预设门限可根据经验值进行设定。当第二目标参数的类型不同时，第三预设门限的具体数值也可以不同。例如，当第二目标参数为2个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的平均值时，第三预设门限可以为-115dBm；而当第二目标参数为2个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数之和时，第三预设门限可以为-230dBm。
步骤405，若第二目标参数小于或等于第三预设门限时，终端设备控制N个天线接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
若处理器判断出第二目标参数小于或等于第三预设门限时，表示通过第二目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量不佳，若依旧采用第二目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号时，可能会出现寻呼异常的情况。
因此，为了提高终端设备在空闲态接收到的下行信号的信号质量，可控制终端设备中的N个天线与射频模块均导通，N个天线将接收到的下行信号发送至射频模块，射频模块对下行信号滤波和放大等处理，然后传输至终端设备的处理器。
例如，第二目标参数等于-119dBm，第三预设门限为-115dBm，则确定出第二目标参数小于第三预设门限，因此，终端设备会控制N个天线来接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
需要说明的是，当第二目标参数大于第三预设门限时，表示通过第二目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量比较好，因此，可采用第二目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
步骤406，终端设备根据N个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第一目标参数。
在本申请实施例中，终端设备的处理器在获取到N个天线传输的下行信号之后，处理器分别获取每个天线传输的下行信号对应的信号质量参数；然后，计算N个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的第一特征值，将第一特征值作为第一目标参数。其中，该第一特征值为N个天线对应的信号质量参数的加权平均值或者最大值。
一种可选的实施方式，处理器可以计算N个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的加权平均值，将该加权平均值作为第一目标参数。
在实际应用中，N个天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数各自对应的权重，可根据实际情况进行设定。并且，N个天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数各自对应的权重，可以相等，也可以不相等。
以N个天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数各自对应的权重相等，且权重均为1为例，上述的N个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的加权平均值，可以理解为N个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的平均值。
例如，终端设备中的N个天线分别为图2所示的第一天线141、第二天线142、第三天线143和第四天线144，在这种情况下，第一天线141接收到的下行信号对应的 信号质量参数QANT1等于-120dBm，第二天线142接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数QANT2等于-118dBm，第三天线143接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数QANT3等于-110dBm，第四天线144接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数QANT4等于-106dBm。因此，第一目标参数可以为(QANT1+QANT2+QANT3+QANT4)/4＝-113.5Bm。
另一种可选的实施方式，处理器可以从N个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数中，提取其最大值，将该最大值作为第一目标参数。
例如，终端设备中的N个天线分别为图2所示的第一天线141、第二天线142、第三天线143和第四天线144，在这种情况下，第一天线141接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数QANT1等于-120dBm，第二天线142接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数QANT2等于-118dBm，第三天线143接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数QANT3等于-110dBm，第四天线144接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数QANT4等于-106dBm。因此，第一目标参数可以-106dBm。
当然，可以理解的是，上述的第一特征值，除了包括N个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的加权平均值以及最大值之外，还可以其他特征值。例如，该第一特征值还可以是N个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的和值(即对N个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数求和后得到的值)等。
步骤407，终端设备确定第一目标参数是否大于或等于第一预设门限。
在本申请实施例中，在终端设备中预先设置有第一预设门限，终端设备中的处理器在计算得到第一目标参数之后，处理器将第一目标参数与第一预设门限进行比较，确定第一目标参数是否大于或等于第一预设门限。
需要说明的是，第一预设门限可根据经验值进行设定。当第一目标参数的类型不同时，第一预设门限的具体数值也可以不同。例如，当第一目标参数为4个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的平均值时，第一预设门限可以为-120dBm；而当第一目标参数为4个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数之和时，第一预设门限可以为-480dBm。
当第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限时，执行下述中的步骤408；而当第一目标参数小于第一预设门限时，执行下述中的步骤411。
在一些实施例中，第三预设门限大于第一预设门限，通过合理设置第三预设门限与第一预设门限的大小关系，可抑制天线切换时的乒乓效应，即防止终端设备中与射频模块导通的天线，不断在M个天线和N个天线之间进行来回切换。
步骤408，若第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限时，终端设备确定第一目标参数是否大于或等于第二预设门限。
若处理器判断出第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限时，表示通过N个天线中的部分天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量较佳，因此，处理器可以从N个天线中选择部分天线作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。其中，第一目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数，大于N个天线中除第一目标天线外的其他天线接收的下行信号的信号质量参数。
也就是说，处理器可以从N个天线中选择信号质量更佳的第一目标天线，来继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号，从而提高终端设备最终接收到的下行信号的信号质量， 以提高终端设备的接收性能。
为了进一步平衡终端设备的功耗与接收性能的关系，在第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限的情况下，处理器继续将第一目标参数与第二预设门限进行比较。当第一目标参数小于第二预设门限时，执行下述的步骤409；而当第一目标参数大于或等于第二预设门限时，执行下述的步骤410。
其中，第二预设门限大于第一预设门限，第二预设门限也可根据经验值进行设定。例如，该第二预设门限可以为-110dBm。
步骤409，若第一目标参数小于第二预设门限时，终端设备从N个天线中选择K个天线作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
若处理器判断出第一目标参数小于第二预设门限时，即此时的第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限，且小于第二预设门限，则终端设备可以将N个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，按照从高到低的顺序进行排序，并选取排序靠前的K个天线作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
其中，K为小于N的正整数。因此，在第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限，且小于第二预设门限的情况下，处理器可以从N个天线中选择信号质量较好的K个第一目标天线，来继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号，从而提高终端设备最终接收到的下行信号的信号质量，以提高终端设备的接收性能。
例如，第一目标参数为-113.5Bm，第一预设门限可以为-120dBm，第二预设门限可以为-110dBm，则可以确定出第一目标参数大于第一预设门限且小于第二预设门限。将第一天线141、第二天线142、第三天线143和第四天线144接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，按照从高到低的顺序进行排序，其顺序为：第四天线144对应的信号质量参数QANT4(-106dBm)、第三天线143对应的信号质量参数QANT3(-110dBm)，第二天线142对应的信号质量参数QANT2(-118dBm)以及第一天线141对应的信号质量参数QANT1等于(-120dBm)。以K等于2为例，可将第四天线144和第三天线143作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
步骤410，若第一目标参数大于或等于第二预设门限时，终端设备从N个天线中选择R个天线作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
若处理器判断出第一目标参数大于或等于第二预设门限时，即此时的第一目标参数既大于第二预设门限又大于第一预设门限，则终端设备可以将N个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，按照从高到低的顺序进行排序，并选取排序靠前的R个天线作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
其中，R为小于N的正整数。因此，在第一目标参数大于或等于第二预设门限的情况下，处理器可以从N个天线中选择信号质量最好或较好的R个第一目标天线，来继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号，从而提高终端设备最终接收到的下行信号的信号质量，以提高终端设备的接收性能。
并且，K大于R。也就是说，当第一目标参数越大时，选择出的第一目标天线的数量越少，通过数量较少的第一目标天线也可以使得接收到的下行信号的信号质量满足要求，在保证终端设备的接收性能的同时，使用越少数量的第一目标天线来接收下 行信号，可进一步降低终端设备的功耗，从而使得终端设备可以达到接收性能与功耗之间的平衡。而当第一目标参数越小时，在终端设备允许降低的最大功耗的同时，通过数量较多的第一目标天线使得接收到的下行信号的信号质量满足要求，从而提高终端设备的接收性能，从而使得终端设备可以达到接收性能与功耗之间的平衡。
例如，K可以为2，R可以为1，N可以为4。因此，在第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限，且小于第二预设门限的情况下，可从4个天线中选择2个天线作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号；而在第一目标参数大于或等于第二预设门限的情况下，可从4个天线中选择1个天线作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
上述的步骤408至步骤410，是在第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限的情况下，将第一目标参数与第二预设门限继续进行比较，从而选择出不同数量的第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
当然，可以理解的是，在步骤407之后，若第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限时，也可以直接从N个天线中选择K个或R个天线作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号，而无需再将第一目标参数与第二预设门限继续进行比较。
或者，在第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限的情况下，还可以设置多个不同的预设门限，根据第一目标参数所处的预设门限区间，来选择相应数量的天线作为第一目标天线。
示例性的，假设终端设备中设置有6个天线，即N为6，且终端设备中设置有第二预设门限、第四预设门限和第五预设门限，第二预设门限大于第一预设门限，第四预设门限大于第二预设门限，第五预设门限大于第四预设门限。因此，按照6个天线接收的下行信号的信号质量参数按照从高到低进行排序，在第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限的情况下，若第一目标参数还小于第二预设门限时，从6个天线中选择排序靠前的4个天线作为第一目标天线；若第一目标参数大于或等于第二预设门限，且小于第四预设门限时，从6个天线中选择排序靠前的3个天线作为第一目标天线；若第一目标参数大于或等于第四预设门限，且小于第五预设门限时，从6个天线中选择排序靠前的2个天线作为第一目标天线；若第一目标参数大于或等于第五预设门限时，从6个天线中选择排序靠前的1个天线作为第一目标天线。
步骤411，若第一目标参数小于第一预设门限时，终端设备将N个天线均作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
若处理器判断出第一目标参数小于第一预设门限时，表示N个天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量不佳，为了提高终端设备的接收性能，处理器可以将N个天线均作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
综上，在本申请实施例中，在终端设备驻网进入空闲态的情况下，控制N个天线接收网络设备发送的下行信号，从N个天线中选择出信号质量更好的部分天线作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。即使用户握持终端设备会影响部分天线的信号质量，但是本申请实施例可以从所有天线中选择出信号质量更好的部分天线作为第一目标天线来接收下行信号，这些信号质量更好的部分 天线实际上可以是受到用户握持影响较小的天线，因此，使得第一目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量更佳，从而提高终端设备最终接收到的下行信号的信号质量，以提高终端设备的接收性能；并且，由于采用了N个天线中的部分天线作为第一目标天线，来继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号，从而可降低终端设备的功耗。
可以看出，图4所示的实施例中，在终端设备处于空闲态的情况下，是终端设备根据M个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第二目标参数，并判断第二目标参数是否小于或等于第三预设门限，当小于或等于第三预设门限时，终端设备控制N个天线接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
在另一些实施例中，在终端设备处于空闲态的情况下，也可以是终端设备基于导通的M个第二目标天线，接收网络设备发送的下行信号；若终端设备对M个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号解调失败时，即表示通过第二目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量不佳，若依旧采用第二目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号时，可能会出现寻呼异常的情况。因此，终端设备直接控制N个天线接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
示例性的，图5为本申请实施例提供的另一种场景下的天线切换方法的流程图。参照图5所示，该天线切换方法具体可以包括如下步骤：
步骤501，在终端设备处于连接态的情况下，终端设备基于N个天线接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
终端设备在处于空闲态时，若需要与网络设备执行相应的通信业务时，终端设备可以向网络设备发送RRC连接请求，以请求网络设备为其分配上行无线资源，从而进入RRC连接态。在终端设备处于连接态时，终端设备可以与网络设备执行相应的通信业务。
在终端设备处于连接态的情况下，终端设备会向网络设备发送上行信号，网络设备也会向终端设备发送下行信号。通常，为了提高通信业务的通信质量，可采用终端设备中的N个天线均来接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
步骤502，在终端设备从连接态切换到空闲态时，终端设备根据N个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第一目标参数。
终端设备在与网络设备执行完成相应的通信业务时，终端设备可以从连接态切换到空闲态。由于终端设备在连接态时已经获取到了终端设备中的N个天线接收到的下行信号，因此，终端设备在从连接态切换到空闲态的情况下，可以无需再次控制N个天线接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
因此，终端设备可根据其在连接态时，N个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第一目标参数。
可以理解的是，步骤502中N个天线接收到的下行信号，可以指的是终端设备在切换到空闲态前，通过N个天线接收到的最后一次下行信号。
步骤503，终端设备确定第一目标参数是否大于或等于第一预设门限。
步骤504，若第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限时，终端设备确定第一目标参数是否大于或等于第二预设门限。
步骤505，若第一目标参数小于第二预设门限时，终端设备从N个天线中选择K 个天线作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
步骤506，若第一目标参数大于或等于第二预设门限时，终端设备从N个天线中选择R个天线作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
步骤507，若第一目标参数小于第一预设门限时，终端设备将N个天线均作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
步骤503至步骤507的具体实现方式，与上述的步骤407至411的具体实现方式类似，为避免重复，在此不再赘述。
因此，在本申请实施例中，在终端设备从连接态切换为空闲态时，可以根据连接态时N个天线接收网络设备发送的下行信号，从N个天线中选择出信号质量更好的部分天线作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。从而提高终端设备最终接收到的下行信号的信号质量，以提高终端设备的接收性能。
综上，为了更清楚体现本申请实施例两种空闲态场景下，第一目标天线的选择方式，可参照图6所示的天线切换方法的流程示意图，对两种空闲态场景下第一目标天线的选择方式进行说明。图6为本申请实施例提供的天线切换方法的流程示意图，其具体可以包括如下步骤：
步骤601，终端设备驻留到目标小区，并进入空闲态。
步骤602，终端设备基于导通的M个第二目标天线，接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
步骤603，终端设备根据M个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第二目标参数。
步骤604，终端设备确定第二目标参数是否小于或等于第三预设门限。
步骤605，若第二目标参数小于或等于第三预设门限时，终端设备控制N个天线接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
步骤606，终端设备根据N个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第一目标参数。
步骤607，终端设备确定第一目标参数是否大于或等于第一预设门限。
步骤601至步骤607的具体实现方式，与上述的步骤401至步骤407的具体实现方式类似，为避免重复，在此不再赘述。
步骤608，若第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限时，从N个天线中选择K个天线作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
步骤609，确定终端设备所处的运动状态是否为静止状态。
在一种可选的实施方式中，终端设备在采用上述的方式确定出第一目标天线之后，终端设备可周期性地检测其所处的运动状态，确定终端设备所处的运动状态是否为静止状态。
其中，终端设备所处的运动状态包括静止状态或移动状态。静止状态可以理解为在预设时段内，终端设备相对于参考物之间的位置，没有发生变动或者变动的位置很小(即微动)时的状态；移动状态可以理解为在预设时段内，终端设备相对于参考物之间的位置变动较大时的状态。
在一些实施例中，终端设备可以通过能够感知运动状态的传感器，来监测终端设备所处的运动状态是处于静止状态还是处于移动状态。示例性的，上述感知运动状态的传感器可以为加速度传感器，基于加速度传感器监测到的X方向、Y方向和Z方向上的加速度，确定终端设备所处的运动状态。当加速度传感器监测到的X方向、Y方向和Z方向上的加速度，在一定时长内均为0或者处于预设的阈值范围内时，确定终端设备处于静止状态；而当加速度传感器监测到的任意一个或多个方向上的加速度，位于预设的阈值范围外时，确定终端设备处于移动状态。
当处理器确定出终端设备处于静止状态时，表示在一定时间段内终端设备中的各个天线所接收到的下行信号质量基本上未发生变化，因此，终端设备依旧采用上述步骤中选择的信号质量较好的第一目标天线，来继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号，并继续监测终端设备的运动状态。
例如，终端设备在一定时间段内被用户放置在一静止的办公桌上，此时，加速度传感器监测到的X方向、Y方向和Z方向上的加速度在一定时长内均为0，即确定出终端设备处于静止状态，则继续采用之前确定好的第一目标天线来接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
步骤610，当终端设备处于移动状态时，终端设备监测移动状态对应的移动参数。
当处理器确定出终端设备处于移动状态时，终端设备可监测移动状态下对应的移动参数。其中，该移动参数包括移动时长和/或移动距离。
具体的，移动距离可采用以下的方式进行测量：一旦终端设备监测到其处于移动状态时，终端设备分别获取其与第一基站之间的第一距离，以及其与第二基站之间的第二距离；终端设备在处于移动状态一定时长后，终端设备分别获取其与第一基站之间的第三距离，以及其与第二基站之间的第四距离；最后，终端设备可基于第一基站与第二基站之间的第五距离、上述中的第一距离、第二距离、第二距离和第四距离，确定出终端设备的移动距离。
其中，终端设备获取其与第一基站之间的第一距离可采用以下方式来实现：首先，根据第一基站与终端设备之间的路径损耗或时间提前量(timing advance，TA)，计算得到终端设备与第一基站之间的平面距离；然后，根据终端设备与第一基站之间的平面距离以及第一基站的天线所处的高度，计算得到终端设备与第一基站之间的第一距离。
第一基站的天线所处的高度指的是第一基站的天线顶端到第一基站底部之间的距离。第一基站与终端设备之间的路径损耗指的是，终端设备在与第一基站通信时，从第一基站发出的下行信号到达终端设备时下行信号的衰减量。第一基站与终端设备之间的时间提前量可以由第一基站进行设置，其用于抵消终端设备与第一基站之间传输信号时的延迟。
需要说明的是，终端设备获取的第一基站与终端设备之间的路径损耗或时间提前量，以及第一基站的天线所处的高度，其可以是终端设备向第一基站发送获取请求后，第一基站根据获取请求返回的，其也可以是第一基站在与终端设备通信时，第一基站向终端设备发送的下行信号中携带的。具体的实现方式可以根据实际情况进行设置，本申请实施例对此不进行限制。
终端设备获取其与第二基站之间的第二距离的方式，以及在一定时长后，终端设备获取其与第一基站之间的第三距离，以及其与第二基站之间的第四距离的方式，与上述获取其与第一基站之间的第一距离的方式类似，为避免重复，在此不再赘述。
终端设备在获取到第一基站与第二基站之间的第五距离、上述的第一距离、第二距离、第二距离和第四距离之后，可利用平面几何计算终端设备的移动距离。其中，平面几何计算包括使用余弦定理、勾股定理等平面几何定理进行计算，本申请实施例在此不一一列举。
而移动时长可通过终端设备自行测定。例如，可将终端设备中的加速度传感器开始监测到其处于移动状态时的时刻，与当前时刻之间的时间差，确定为移动时长；或者，也可以获取终端设备的移动速度，将上述计算得到的移动距离与移动速度的比值，确定为移动时长。
步骤611，终端设备确定移动参数是否满足预设条件。
其中，预设条件包括移动时长大于预设时长和/或移动距离大于预设距离。预设时长和预设距离可根据经验值预设设定。例如，预设时长为1分钟，预设距离为100m。
第一种情况，移动参数包括移动时长。当移动时长大于预设时长时，确定移动参数满足预设条件；当移动时长小于或等于预设时长时，确定移动参数不满足预设条件。
第二种情况，移动参数包括移动距离。当移动距离大于预设距离时，确定移动参数满足预设条件；当移动距离小于或等于预设距离时，确定移动参数不满足预设条件。
第三种情况，移动参数包括移动时长和移动距离。当移动时长大于预设时长且移动距离大于预设距离时，确定移动参数满足预设条件。而当移动时长小于或等于预设时长，和/或，移动距离小于或等于预设距离，则确定出移动参数不满足预设条件。
需要说明的是，当终端设备处于移动状态，但是移动参数不满足预设条件时，终端设备可以依旧基于上述的第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号，并继续监测终端设备的运动状态。
步骤612，当移动参数满足预设条件时，终端设备重新检测第一目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，并根据重新检测到的第一目标天线对应的信号质量参数确定第三目标参数。
当终端设备处于移动状态时，随着终端设备的移动，上述从N个天线中选择的第一目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量会发生变化。因此，当移动参数满足预设条件时，终端设备重新检测上述从N个天线中选择的第一目标天线，所接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数，并根据重新检测到的第一目标天线对应的信号质量参数计算其加权平均值或者最大值，得到第三目标参数。
步骤613，终端设备确定第三目标参数是否小于或等于第三预设门限。
终端设备将计算得到的第三目标参数与第三预设门限进行比较。当第三目标参数小于或等于第三预设门限时，表示第一目标天线接收到的下行信号质量变差，重新执行上述步骤605及之后的步骤；而当第三目标参数大于第三预设门限时，表示第一目标天线接收到的下行信号质量较好，则终端设备依旧采用上述步骤608中选择的信号质量较好的第一目标天线，来继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号，并继续监测终端设备的运动状态。
步骤614，若第一目标参数小于第一预设门限时，终端设备将N个天线均作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
步骤614的具体实现方式与上述的步骤411的具体实现方式类似，为避免重复，在此不再赘述。
步骤615，终端设备从空闲态转换为连接态。
步骤616，终端设备基于N个天线接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
步骤617，在终端设备从连接态切换到空闲态时，终端设备根据在连接态时N个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第一目标参数。
步骤618，终端设备确定第一目标参数是否大于或等于第一预设门限。
步骤619，若第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限时，终端设备确定第一目标参数是否大于或等于第二预设门限。
步骤620，若第一目标参数小于第二预设门限，终端设备从N个天线中选择K个天线作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
步骤621，若第一目标参数大于或等于第二预设门限时，终端设备从N个天线中选择R个天线作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
步骤622，若第一目标参数小于第一预设门限时，终端设备将N个天线均作为第一目标天线，以通过第一目标天线继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
步骤615至步骤622的具体实现方式，可参照图5中相应步骤的描述，为避免重复，在此不再赘述。
因此，本申请实施例在从N个天线中确定出第一目标天线之后，可检测终端设备所处的运动状态是否为静止状态，当终端设备处于静止状态时，可直接采用之前选择的第一目标天线来继续接收下行信号，从而降低不断切换用于接收下行信号的目标天线而带来的功耗；而当终端设备处于移动状态，且其移动参数满足预设条件时，通过重新从N个天线中选择用于接收下行信号的第一目标天线，从而提高移动状态下终端设备的接收性能。
在一些实施例中，在终端设备进入空闲态时，按照上述的方式从N个天线中选择出第一目标天线之后，也可以周期性地检测所选择的第一目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数，确定是否切换用于接收下行信号的天线。示例性的，在每间隔一定的检测周期时，终端设备可以执行上述的步骤612及之后的步骤。
一种可能的方式，检测周期可人为设定，如检测周期为2分钟，每间隔2分钟检测一次第一目标天线所接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数，并确定其最大值或加权平均值是否小于或等于第三预设门限。当小于或等于第三预设门限时，执行上述的步骤605及之后的步骤，而当其大于第三预设门限时，依旧采用第一目标天线来继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号。
另一种可能的方式，检测周期也可以根据终端设备所处的运动状态来动态调节，终端设备所处的运动状态可以为静止状态或移动状态。当终端设备所处的运动状态为静止状态时，每间隔第一检测周期检测一次第一目标天线所接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数，并确定其最大值或加权平均值是否小于或等于第三预设门限；而当终端设 备所处的运动状态为移动状态时，可以无需通过判断其移动参数是否满足预设条件来触发再次检测的过程，而是可以每间隔第二检测周期检测一次第一目标天线所接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数，并确定其最大值或加权平均值是否小于或等于第三预设门限。其中，第一检测周期大于第二检测周期。
进一步的，当终端设备所处的运动状态为移动状态时，还可以根据终端设备的移动速度动态来调节检测周期。其中，移动速度与检测周期呈负相关，即当终端设备的移动速度越大时，检测周期越短，而当终端设备的移动速度越小时，检测周期越长。
例如，可以预先设定移动速度区间与检测周期的对应关系，当检测到移动终端的目标移动速度时，可从移动速度区间与检测周期的对应关系中，查找该目标移动速度所处的移动速度区间所对应的目标检测周期，并每间隔该目标检测周期检测一次第一目标天线所接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数，并确定其最大值或加权平均值是否小于或等于第三预设门限。
当然，可以理解的是，上述的预设门限(如第一预设门限、第二预设门限和第三预设门限等)，也可以根据终端设备所处的运动状态动态调整。终端设备处于静止状态时对应的预设门限小于终端设备处于移动状态时对应的预设门限。进一步的，终端设备的移动速度与预设门限呈正相关，即当终端设备的移动速度越大时，其对应的预设门限越大，当终端设备的移动速度越小时，其对应的预设门限越小。
具体的，可以预先设定移动速度区间与各个预设门限(如第一预设门限、第二预设门限和第三预设门限等)的对应关系，当检测到移动终端的目标移动速度时，可从移动速度区间与各个预设门限的对应关系中，查找该目标移动速度所处的移动速度区间所对应的预设门限(如一预设门限、第二预设门限和第三预设门限等)。
例如，当从移动速度区间与各个预设门限的对应关系中，查找到该目标移动速度所处的移动速度区间所对应的第三预设门限，则采用查找到的第三预设门限与第二目标参数进行比较以执行上述的步骤604，或者采用查找到的第三预设门限与第三目标参数进行比较以执行上述的步骤613。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例中的信号质量参数可以为以下几种参数中的任一种：信号与干扰噪声比(signal to interference plus noise ratio，SINR)、参考信号接收功率(reference signal receiving power，RSRP)、参考信号接收质量(reference signal receivingquality，RSRQ)或者接收信号强度指示(received signal strength indication，RSSI)等，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
其中，RSRP是一个可以反映终端设备的通信状态的参数，终端设备在与网络设备进行通信时，可测量得到RSRP。RSRP用于衡量终端设备的接收信号强度，单位为dBm。当RSRP越大时表示终端设备的通信质量越好，当RSRP越小时表示终端设备的通信质量越差。
此外，本申请实施例还可以从N个天线中选择部分的天线，来向网络设备发送上行信号。下面以终端设备中的天线数量N是4为例进行说明。
第一种情况，若终端设备采用4个天线来接收终端设备发送的下行信号，且终端设备仅支持1个天线来发射上行信号时。因此，针对时分双工(time division duplexing，TDD)频段，可以在4个天线中选择信号质量最好的1个天线作为发射天线，来向网 络设备发射上行信号。
第二种情况，若终端设备采用4个天线来接收终端设备发送的下行信号，且终端设备仅支持1个天线来发射上行信号。因此，针对TDD频段或者频分双工(frequency division duplexing，FDD)频段，也可以在4个天线中循环切换信号质量最好的1个天线作为发射天线，来向网络设备发射上行信号。
第三种情况，若终端设备采用2个天线来接收终端设备发送的下行信号，且终端设备可支持2个天线来发射上行信号。因此，针对TDD频段，可以在2个天线中选择信号质量最好的1个天线作为发射天线，来向网络设备发射上行信号；而针对FDD频段，可以在2个天线中循环切换1个天线作为发射天线，来向网络设备发射上行信号。
第四种情况，若终端设备采用4个天线来接收终端设备发送的下行信号，且终端设备可支持2个天线来发射上行信号。因此，若终端设备采用2个天线发射上行信号时，可以在第一天线和第一天线中选择信号质量最好的1个天线作为发射天线，在第三天线和第四天线中选择信号质量最好的1个天线作为发射天线，通过这两个发射天线来向网络设备发射上行信号；若终端设备采用1个天线发射上行信号时，可以在4个天线中选择信号质量最好的1个天线作为发射天线，来向网络设备发射上行信号。
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种终端设备的硬件结构示意图。图7所示的终端设备100包括：存储器701、处理器110和通信接口702，其中，存储器701、处理器110、通信接口702可以通信；示例性的，存储器701、处理器110和通信接口702可以通过通信总线通信。
存储器701可以是只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)，静态存储设备，动态存储设备或者随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)。存储器701可以存储计算机程序，由处理器110来控制执行，并由通信接口702来执行通信，从而实现本申请上述实施例提供的天线切换方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质。上述实施例中描述的方法可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。如果在软件中实现，则功能可以作为一个或多个指令或代码存储在计算机可读介质上或者在计算机可读介质上传输。计算机可读介质可以包括计算机存储介质和通信介质，还可以包括任何可以将计算机程序从一个地方传送到另一个地方的介质。存储介质可以是可由计算机访问的任何目标介质。
一种可能的实现方式中，计算机可读介质可以包括RAM，ROM，只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其它光盘存储器，磁盘存储器或其它磁存储设备，或目标于承载的任何其它介质或以指令或数据结构的形式存储所需的程序代码，并且可由计算机访问。而且，任何连接被适当地称为计算机可读介质。例如，如果使用同轴电缆，光纤电缆，双绞线，数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL)或无线技术(如红外，无线电和微波)从网站，服务器或其它远程源传输软件，则同轴电缆，光纤电缆，双绞线，DSL或诸如红外，无线电和微波之类的无线技术包括在介质的定义中。如本文所使用的磁盘和光盘包括光盘，激光盘，光盘，数字通用光盘(digital versatile disc，DVD)，软盘和蓝光盘，其中磁盘通常以磁性方式再现数据，而光盘利用激光光学地再现数据。上述的组合也应包括在计算机可读介质的范围内。
本申请实施例是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理单元以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理单元执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
以上的具体实施方式，对本申请的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上仅为本申请的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本申请的保护范围，凡在本申请的技术方案的基础之上，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包括在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种天线切换方法，其特征在于，应用于终端设备，所述终端设备包括第一数量个天线，所述第一数量为大于1的正整数，所述终端设备处于空闲态，所述方法包括：
    根据所述第一数量个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第一目标参数；
    若所述第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限，从所述第一数量个天线中选择部分天线作为第一目标天线；所述第一目标天线用于继续接收网络设备发送的下行信号；
    其中，所述第一目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数，大于所述第一数量个天线中除所述第一目标天线外的其他天线接收的下行信号的信号质量参数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一数量个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第一目标参数，包括：
    将所述第一数量个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的第一特征值，作为第一目标参数；所述第一特征值为所述第一数量个天线对应的信号质量参数的加权平均值或者最大值。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述若所述第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限，从所述第一数量个天线中选择部分天线作为第一目标天线，包括：
    若所述第一目标参数大于或等于第一预设门限，将所述第一目标参数与第二预设门限进行比较；所述第一预设门限小于所述第二预设门限；
    若所述第一目标参数小于所述第二预设门限，且大于或等于所述第一预设门限，从所述第一数量个天线中选择第二数量个天线作为第一目标天线；
    若所述第一目标参数大于或等于所述第二预设门限，从所述第一数量个天线中选择第三数量个天线作为第一目标天线；所述第二数量和所述第三数量均为小于所述第一数量的正整数，且所述第二数量大于所述第三数量。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述根据所述第一数量个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第一目标参数之后，还包括：
    若所述第一目标参数小于所述第一预设门限，将所述第一数量个天线均作为第一目标天线。
  5. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述根据所述第一数量个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第一目标参数之前，还包括：
    通过在空闲态时导通的第四数量个第二目标天线，接收所述网络设备发送的下行信号；所述第四数量为小于所述第一数量的正整数；
    根据所述第四数量个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第二目标参数；
    若所述第二目标参数小于或等于第三预设门限，控制所述第一数量个天线接收所述网络设备发送的下行信号；所述第三预设门限大于所述第一预设门限。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第四数量个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第二目标参数，包括：
    将所述第四数量个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数的第二特 征值，作为第二目标参数；所述第二特征值为所述第四数量个第二目标天线对应的信号质量参数的加权平均值或者最大值。
  7. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述根据所述第一数量个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第一目标参数之前，还包括：
    通过在空闲态时导通的第四数量个第二目标天线，接收所述网络设备发送的下行信号；所述第四数量为小于所述第一数量的正整数；
    若对所述第四数量个第二目标天线接收到的下行信号解调失败，控制所述第一数量个天线接收所述网络设备发送的下行信号。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述根据所述第一数量个天线接收到的下行信号对应的信号质量参数，确定第一目标参数之前，还包括：
    所述终端设备从空闲态转换为连接态；
    在连接态时通过所述第一数量个天线接收所述网络设备发送的下行信号；
    所述终端设备从连接态转换为空闲态。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述从所述第一数量个天线中选择部分天线作为第一目标天线之后，还包括：
    监测所述终端设备的运动状态；所述运动状态包括静止状态或移动状态；
    当所述运动状态为所述静止状态时，通过所述第一目标天线继续接收所述网络设备发送的下行信号。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述监测所述终端设备的运动状态之后，还包括：
    当所述运动状态为所述移动状态时，监测所述移动状态对应的移动参数；
    当所述移动参数满足预设条件时，重新检测所述第一目标天线接收到的下行信号的信号质量参数；重新检测到的所述第一目标天线对应的信号质量参数，用于确定是否切换接收下行信号的天线。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述移动参数包括移动时长和/或移动距离；所述预设条件包括所述移动时长大于预设时长和/或所述移动距离大于预设距离。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述信号质量参数包括信号与干扰噪声比、参考信号接收功率、参数信号接收质量以及接收信号强度指示中的至少一者。
  13. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于调用所述计算机程序，以使得所述终端设备执行如权利要求1至12中任一项所述的天线切换方法。
  14. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令被运行时，以使得计算机执行如权利要求1至12中任一项所述的天线切换方法。
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