WO2023176147A1 - 水処理装置及び水処理方法 - Google Patents
水処理装置及び水処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023176147A1 WO2023176147A1 PCT/JP2023/001881 JP2023001881W WO2023176147A1 WO 2023176147 A1 WO2023176147 A1 WO 2023176147A1 JP 2023001881 W JP2023001881 W JP 2023001881W WO 2023176147 A1 WO2023176147 A1 WO 2023176147A1
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- water
- hydrogen
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 220
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 181
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 181
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 170
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 61
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 54
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 abstract description 54
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 11
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 platinum group metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011978 dissolution method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/44—Palladium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/008—Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
- C02F2103/04—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply for obtaining ultra-pure water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/22—O2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/30—H2
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a water treatment device and a water treatment method for producing ultrapure water.
- Ultrapure water from which impurities have been highly removed is used in many fields, such as as water for cleaning silicon wafers in semiconductor manufacturing processes.
- oxidizing substances such as oxygen (O 2 ) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) dissolved in ultrapure water will cause natural oxidation on the surface of the silicon wafer. This may cause a film to form. Therefore, when producing ultrapure water, a method has been proposed in which oxidizing substances are removed using a platinum group metal-supported catalyst in which platinum group metals such as palladium (Pd) and platinum (Pt) are supported on a carrier. ing.
- Oxygen is generated when the platinum group metal supported catalyst decomposes hydrogen peroxide, but this oxygen can also be removed by reacting with hydrogen in the presence of the platinum group metal supported catalyst.
- the water to be treated When removing oxygen and hydrogen peroxide from the water to be treated using a supported platinum group metal catalyst, the water to be treated must contain hydrogen, and hydrogen is added to the water as necessary. .
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method for reducing the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in water to be treated that is supplied to an ultraviolet oxidation device that decomposes and removes TOC (Total Organic Carbon) components in an ultrapure water production device. Discloses that a deoxidizing device having a platinum group metal supported catalyst is provided between the salt device and the ultraviolet oxidation device, and an equivalent amount or more of hydrogen is added to the water to be treated that is supplied from the desalting device to the deoxidizing device. There is.
- DO dissolved oxygen
- Patent Document 1 discloses that in order to suppress the TOC removal efficiency in the ultraviolet oxidation device from decreasing due to dissolved hydrogen (DH) when the outlet water containing hydrogen from the deoxidizer is supplied to the ultraviolet oxidation device, It also discloses that the amount of hydrogen added at the inlet side of the oxygen absorber is controlled so that the dissolved hydrogen concentration in the outlet water of the oxygen absorber is measured and the dissolved hydrogen concentration is 15 ⁇ g/L or less.
- DH dissolved hydrogen
- Patent Document 2 discloses that hydrogen is added to the outlet water of an ultraviolet oxidation device and then treated with a platinum group metal supported catalyst, so that the dissolved oxygen concentration in the water after treatment is 1 to 10 ⁇ g/L. It discloses controlling the amount of hydrogen added.
- the water treated with the platinum group metal-supported catalyst is fed to a membrane degassing device after treatment in the ion exchange device to further remove dissolved oxygen.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that in order to obtain ultrapure water with a reduced dissolved oxygen concentration while controlling the dissolved nitrogen (DN) concentration to a predetermined value, the dissolved nitrogen concentration is measured in the outlet water of an ultraviolet oxidation device and nitrogen , followed by addition of hydrogen and treatment with a supported platinum group metal catalyst. The water treated with the platinum group metal supported catalyst is then subjected to ion exchange treatment.
- DN dissolved nitrogen
- Patent Document 4 discloses that in order to remove oxidizing substances from the outlet water of an ultraviolet oxidation device in the production of ultrapure water, hydrogen is added to the outlet water and then treated with a platinum group metal supported catalyst. It is disclosed that the dissolved hydrogen concentration of water during or after passing through a supported catalyst is measured and the amount of hydrogen added is controlled according to the measured value.
- the amount of hydrogen added is the same as the oxygen originally contained in the water to be treated. It is preferable that the amount is at least the theoretical value (i.e., equivalent amount) at which water is produced by reacting with both oxygen and oxygen generated by the decomposition of hydrogen oxide. On the other hand, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of the quality of the obtained ultrapure water that the amount of hydrogen added becomes excessive and the water treated with the platinum group metal supported catalyst also contains more than a certain amount of hydrogen. In order to obtain ultrapure water of good water quality, it is required to control not only the dissolved oxygen concentration but also the dissolved hydrogen concentration to a low value in water treated with a platinum group metal supported catalyst.
- the amount of hydrogen added is controlled according to the dissolved hydrogen concentration in water treated with a platinum group metal supported catalyst, but the control value for the dissolved hydrogen concentration is The upper limit is set at 15 ⁇ g/L, and there is a problem that the dissolved hydrogen concentration is too high depending on the use of ultrapure water.
- Another problem is that the ultraviolet oxidation device is disposed downstream of the platinum group metal supported catalyst, and oxidizing substances such as hydrogen peroxide generated in the ultraviolet oxidation device cannot be removed.
- Patent Document 4 it is not clear to what extent the dissolved oxygen concentration and dissolved hydrogen concentration can be specifically reduced in water treated with a platinum group metal supported catalyst.
- the technology described in Patent Document 4 is applied to obtain high-quality ultrapure water in which the dissolved oxygen concentration and dissolved hydrogen concentration are, for example, 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less, and the hydrogen peroxide concentration is, for example, 1.0 ⁇ g/L or less. In order to do so, further consideration is required.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a water treatment device and a water treatment method that can be used to produce high-quality ultrapure water at low cost and can remove oxidizing substances and manage dissolved hydrogen concentration. It's about doing.
- the water treatment device of the present invention has an oxidizing substance removing device that removes oxidizing substances from the water to be treated, and the oxidizing substance removing device includes hydrogenation means for adding hydrogen to the water to be treated, and a platinum group metal A catalyst tower equipped with a supported catalyst and through which treated water to which hydrogen has been added flows, a control unit that controls the amount of hydrogen added by the hydrogenation means, and a first part that measures the dissolved hydrogen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower. and a measuring means, in the catalyst column, the bed height of the packing packed in the catalyst column including the platinum group metal supported catalyst is 10 cm or more, and the control unit is configured to measure by the first measuring means.
- First addition amount control is performed to control the amount of hydrogen added by the hydrogen addition means so that the value falls within a first range.
- the method for producing ultrapure water of the present invention includes an oxidizing substance removal step of removing oxidizing substances from the water to be treated, and the oxidizing substance removal step includes a step of adding hydrogen to the water to be treated, and a step of adding hydrogen to the water to be treated. and passing the added water to be treated through a catalyst tower equipped with a platinum group metal supported catalyst, and in the step of adding hydrogen, the dissolved hydrogen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower falls within a first range.
- the first addition amount control is performed to control the amount of hydrogen added to the water to be treated, and in the catalyst tower, the bed height of the packing packed in the catalyst tower including the platinum group metal supported catalyst is 10 cm. That's all.
- dissolved oxygen concentration and dissolved hydrogen concentration can be High-quality ultrapure water having a concentration of 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less and a hydrogen peroxide concentration of 1 ⁇ g/L or less can be produced at low cost.
- Example 1 is a diagram showing an ultrapure water production apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure showing the apparatus used in an example and a comparative example.
- 3 is a graph showing the results in Example 1.
- 3 is a graph showing the results of Comparative Example 1.
- 3 is a graph showing the results in Example 2.
- 3 is a graph showing the results in Example 3.
- 7 is a graph showing the results in Example 4.
- 7 is a graph showing the results in Example 5.
- 7 is a graph showing the results in Example 6. 7 is a graph showing the results in Example 7.
- FIG. 1 shows an ultrapure water production apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the ultrapure water production device shown in FIG. 1 is particularly equipped with an oxidizing substance removal device 10, and a subsystem (secondary pure water system) to which primary pure water is supplied from the pure water production device (primary pure water system). It is configured as.
- This ultrapure water production equipment uses high-quality ultrapure water, for example, which has a dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration and a dissolved hydrogen (DH) concentration of 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less, and a hydrogen peroxide concentration of 1.0 ⁇ g/L or less.
- the ultrapure water production device includes a tank 20 that stores primary pure water as water to be treated, and a pump 21 that supplies the water to be treated in the tank 20.
- water to be treated stored in a tank 20 is sent out by a pump 21 and supplied to a heat exchanger 22.
- the water to be treated whose temperature has been adjusted by passing through the heat exchanger 22 is supplied to the ultraviolet oxidation device 23 .
- the water to be treated is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to decompose the total organic carbon (TOC) component in the water to be treated.
- the water to be treated which is the outlet water of the ultraviolet oxidation device 23, contains dissolved oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.
- the water to be treated containing oxidizing substances such as dissolved oxygen and hydrogen peroxide is then supplied to the oxidizing substance removal device 10, where the oxidizing substances contained in the water to be treated are removed.
- the water to be treated from which oxidizing substances have been removed is subjected to ion exchange treatment in a non-regenerative mixed bed ion exchange device 24 to remove metal components, and further, fine impurities are removed in an ultrafiltration membrane device 25. .
- the ultrapure water that is the outlet water of the ultrafiltration membrane device 25 is supplied to the use point 30, and the remaining ultrapure water that is not supplied to the use point 30 is sent to the tank 20 via the circulation piping 26. Reflux to.
- the ultrapure water that was not supplied to the use point 30 is further purified while being circulated, so the purity of the ultrapure water obtained improves as time passes from the start of operation, and eventually , ultrapure water reaches a certain purity.
- the tank 20, the pump 21, the heat exchanger 22, the ultraviolet oxidation device 23, the non-regenerative mixed bed ion exchange device 24, and the ultrafiltration membrane device 25 have ultrapure water installed as a subsystem, that is, a secondary pure water system. Those commonly used in manufacturing equipment can be used. Therefore, description of these detailed configurations will be omitted, and the detailed configuration of the oxidizing substance removal device 10 will be described below.
- the ultrapure water production apparatus of this embodiment is not provided with a membrane deaerator for removing dissolved gases, a membrane deaerator may be provided if necessary or for backup. good.
- the oxidizing substance removal device 10 is supplied with the outlet water of the ultraviolet oxidation device 23 as water to be treated, and the water to be treated contains oxidizing substances.
- the oxidizing substance includes at least one of dissolved oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.
- the oxidizing substance removal device 10 includes a catalyst tower (Pd) 11 to which water to be treated is supplied, and generates water containing hydrogen in order to add hydrogen to the water to be treated that is supplied to the catalyst tower 11.
- a hydrogen (H 2 ) source 12 is provided.
- the hydrogen source 12 may be of any type as long as it can produce water containing hydrogen, but for example, it may use a gas dissolution method using a gas dissolution membrane or a direct electrolysis method using an electrolytic cell.
- the hydrogen source 12 can be used as the hydrogen source 12.
- a direct electrolysis type hydrogen source 12 Hydrogen-containing water from the hydrogen source 12 is injected into the water to be treated at the inlet side of the catalyst column 11 .
- the hydrogen source 12 and the injection point of hydrogen-containing water into the water to be treated constitute a hydrogenation means for adding hydrogen to the water to be treated.
- a mixing section 13 such as a mixing column or a mixing tank may be provided between the injection point of the hydrogen-containing water into the water to be treated and the catalyst tower 11. good.
- the catalyst tower 11 is filled with a platinum group metal supported catalyst so that the water to be treated can pass therethrough.
- the catalyst column 11 may be filled with objects other than the platinum group metal supported catalyst, for example, granular objects such as ordinary ion exchange resin that does not support a catalyst.
- the platinum group metal supported catalyst and particulate matter may be mixed and packed as a mixed bed, or each of them may be It may be packed in multiple beds so as to form layers.
- a mixture of a platinum group metal supported catalyst and a cation exchange resin may be filled in the catalyst column 11, or a mixture of a platinum group metal supported catalyst and an anion exchange resin may be filled.
- the catalyst column 11 may be filled with a mixture of a platinum group metal supported catalyst, a cation exchange resin, and an anion exchange resin.
- the layer composed of substances other than the platinum group metal supported catalyst is referred to as a non-catalyst layer.
- the non-catalyst layer is made of an ion exchange resin, it may be made of a cation exchange resin, an anion exchange resin, or a mixture of a cation exchange resin and an anion exchange resin.
- a layer of a platinum group metal supported catalyst is provided on the upstream side, and a non-catalyst layer is provided on the downstream side.
- a non-catalyst layer may be further provided upstream of the platinum group metal supported catalyst layer.
- a platinum group metal-supported catalyst (hereinafter also simply referred to as a "catalyst”) is one in which a platinum group metal is supported on a carrier, and when it comes into contact with water to be treated containing hydrogen peroxide, the above formula (1) is achieved. As shown in the figure, it has the function of decomposing hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. At the same time, this catalyst causes the hydrogen added to the water to be treated by the hydrogenation device 11, that is, the hydrogen dissolved in the water to be treated, to react with the oxygen dissolved in the water to be treated, according to the above formula (2). It has the function of producing water.
- the dissolved oxygen removed by the catalyst at this time is composed of dissolved oxygen derived from oxygen originally dissolved in the water to be treated supplied to the catalyst tower 11, and dissolved oxygen derived from oxygen generated by decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. It's both.
- the term "dissolved oxygen in the water to be treated” includes at least one of the above two types of dissolved oxygen.
- the catalyst tower 11 can remove oxidizing substances from the water to be treated by bringing the water to be treated containing hydrogen into contact with the catalyst.
- the water to be treated from which oxidizing substances have been removed by the catalyst tower 11 is supplied to a non-regenerative mixed bed ion exchange device 24 .
- platinum group metal supported catalyst it is preferable to use an anion exchange resin or an anion exchanger as the carrier from the viewpoint of catalyst preparation and reactivity.
- platinum group metal is a general term for ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), iridium (Ir), and platinum (Pt), but in the present invention, platinum group metals It is preferable to use palladium or platinum, and it is particularly preferable to use palladium in consideration of catalytic activity and the like. In the following, it is assumed that palladium is used as the platinum group metal.
- the layer height of the catalyst is set to, for example, 10 cm or more in order to keep the hydrogen peroxide concentration in the obtained ultrapure water to 1 ⁇ g/L or less.
- the length is preferably 30 cm or more, more preferably 70 cm or more.
- the bed height of the catalyst here means This refers to the bed height including those objects other than those listed above, that is, the bed height of the packing packed in the catalyst column 11 including the platinum group metal supported catalyst.
- the space velocity (SV) when the water to be treated is passed through the catalyst packed in the catalyst tower 11 is set to, for example, 30 hours. It can be set to -1 or more.
- the space velocity is preferably 1000 h ⁇ 1 or less, for example.
- the amount of hydrogen added to the water to be treated is equal to or greater than the theoretical value that causes water to be produced by reacting with dissolved oxygen in the water to be treated.
- the amount of hydrogen added is excessive, the produced ultrapure water will contain a large amount of dissolved hydrogen, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of water quality.
- the oxidizing substance removal device 10 is equipped with a dissolved hydrogen (DH) meter 14 that measures the dissolved hydrogen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower 11.
- a dissolved oxygen (DO) meter 15 is used to measure the dissolved oxygen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower 11 or in the water near the use point 30. It is also preferable to have the following.
- the dissolved hydrogen meter 14 and the dissolved oxygen meter 15 correspond to a first measuring means and a second measuring means, respectively.
- the oxidizing substance removal device 10 includes a control unit 16 that controls the amount of hydrogen-containing water generated in the hydrogen source 12 based on the measured values from the dissolved hydrogen meter 14 and the dissolved oxygen meter 15. Specifically, the control unit 16 controls the amount of hydrogen-containing water generated in the hydrogen source 12 so that the dissolved hydrogen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower 11 falls within a predetermined concentration range, thereby controlling the amount of hydrogen-containing water in the water to be treated. Control the amount of hydrogen added. This control is called first addition amount control.
- the control unit 16 When the dissolved hydrogen concentration in the obtained ultrapure water is desired to be 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less, the control unit 16 performs control so that the dissolved hydrogen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower 11 is also 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less. . Thereby, dissolved hydrogen in the water to be treated flowing out from the oxidizing substance removal device 10 can be reduced as much as possible, and the ultrapure water production device can produce ultrapure water with extremely low dissolved hydrogen concentration.
- a second addition amount control may be performed to control the amount of hydrogen added based on the dissolved oxygen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower 11, and when the dissolved oxygen concentration becomes below a predetermined value, The second addition amount control may be stopped and the first addition amount control based on the dissolved hydrogen concentration may be started.
- the amount of hydrogen to be added excessively at the start of operation may be determined in advance, and the first addition amount control may be started after a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of operation. In this way, by adding excess hydrogen at startup, dissolved oxygen in the equipment can be quickly removed, and then control based on the dissolved hydrogen concentration, that is, the first addition amount control, can be used to obtain ultra-pure water.
- the time it takes for water to reach a predetermined water quality can be shortened.
- platinum group metals, particularly palladium have the property of occluding hydrogen, and in the initial stage of startup, hydrogen is more likely to be occluded than to be consumed by reaction with oxygen. Therefore, if the first addition amount control is performed from the beginning of water flowing into the catalyst tower 11, the amount of hydrogen used for the reaction with oxygen will decrease, so there is a risk that the ability to remove oxygen will decrease. In this respect as well, it is preferable to perform the second addition amount control in the oxidizing substance removal device 10 when starting up the ultrapure water production device.
- the control unit 16 also controls the amount of hydrogen added at the time of startup of such an ultrapure water production apparatus.
- the above describes a case where the present invention is applied to an ultrapure water production device configured as a subsystem, but the water treatment method and device based on the present invention are limited to those shown in the above embodiments. Not done.
- the water treatment method based on the present invention can be widely applied to any field where it is necessary to remove oxidizing substances while controlling dissolved hydrogen concentration.
- the water treatment method based on the present invention is applied when oxidizing substances are removed from city water, river water, or even recovered water collected from various processes as the water to be treated. be able to. In this case, it is not necessary to perform ultraviolet oxidation treatment. That is, among the configurations shown in FIG. 1, the oxidizing substance removal device 10 functions by itself as a water treatment device based on the present invention.
- the oxidizing substance removal device 10 with the catalyst column 11 removed is called a hydrogenation control device
- the hydrogenation control device by adding the hydrogenation control device to an existing water treatment plant that has a catalyst column, it is possible to eliminate dissolved Since oxidizing substances can be removed while controlling the hydrogen concentration, this hydrogen addition control device itself is also included in the category of water treatment device based on the present invention.
- FIG. 2 which corresponds to the oxidizing substance removal apparatus according to the present invention, was assembled.
- This device includes a dissolved hydrogen generator 41 that generates hydrogen-containing water as a hydrogen source, a mixing column 43, and a catalyst column 45 filled with a platinum group metal supported catalyst in which palladium is supported on an anion exchange resin.
- a dissolved hydrogen generator 41 Akukanoh (registered trademark) manufactured by Organo Co., Ltd., which generates hydrogen-containing water by a direct electrolysis method, was used.
- the dissolved oxygen concentration is greater than 0.1 ⁇ g/L and approximately 10 ⁇ g/L or less
- the hydrogen peroxide concentration is greater than 1 ⁇ g/L and approximately 45 ⁇ g/L or less
- dissolved oxygen and peroxide The water to be treated whose total dissolved oxygen load including hydrogen is 20 to 35 ⁇ g/L passes through a flow meter (FI) 42 and flows into the mixing column 43, and the outlet water from the mixing column 43 flows into the mixing column 43. It was made to flow into the catalyst column 45. In the catalyst tower 45, water was made to flow downward. Hydrogen-containing water from the dissolved hydrogen generator 41 is injected into the water to be treated at the inlet of the mixing column 43 via a pump (P) 44 . Further, a valve 49 for draining hydrogen-containing water is provided between the dissolved hydrogen generator 41 and the pump 44.
- a dissolved hydrogen meter 46 and a dissolved oxygen meter 47 are installed at the outlet of the catalyst tower 45 via a valve 50, both using the diaphragm electrode method. It is being At the outlet of the valve 50, a valve 51 is also provided for draining the outlet water of the catalyst column 45.
- the measured values from the dissolved hydrogen meter 46 and dissolved oxygen meter 47 are input to the control unit 48, and the control unit 48 controls the pump 44 based on these measured values to control the amount of hydrogen-containing water injected into the water to be treated. Control.
- the goals for the outlet water of the catalyst tower 45 are that the dissolved hydrogen concentration and dissolved oxygen concentration are both 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less, and the hydrogen peroxide concentration is 1 ⁇ g/L or less. did.
- the dissolved hydrogen (DH) concentration, dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, and dissolved hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower 45 are referred to as "outlet DH concentration” and "outlet DO concentration”, respectively. and “outlet H 2 O 2 concentration”.
- Example 1 In the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 48 performs control so that the dissolved hydrogen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst column 45 is 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less, and the dissolved hydrogen concentration and dissolved oxygen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst column 45 are controlled.
- the changes over time The results are shown in Figure 3. Further, when the hydrogen peroxide concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower 45 was examined, it was found to be 1.0 ⁇ g/L or less.
- control unit 48 performs control so that the dissolved oxygen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst column 45 is 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less, and the dissolved hydrogen concentration and dissolved oxygen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst column 45 are controlled.
- the results are shown in Figure 4. Further, when the hydrogen peroxide concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower 45 was examined, it was found to be 1.0 ⁇ g/L or less.
- Example 1 Comparing Example 1, which carried out control based on dissolved hydrogen concentration, and Comparative Example 1, which carried out control based on dissolved oxygen concentration, in both cases, the hydrogen peroxide concentration could be reduced to 1.0 ⁇ g/L or less, The target value was achieved.
- the target value of 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less was achieved for the dissolved hydrogen concentration and dissolved oxygen concentration, but in Comparative Example 1, the target value was only achieved for the dissolved oxygen concentration, and the dissolved hydrogen concentration was 4 ⁇ g/L. I settled on a large value of around L or higher.
- Example 2 Using the apparatus shown in Figure 2, in the early stage of the start-up of the apparatus, excessive hydrogen-containing water is added by controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration to be 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less, that is, performing second addition amount control. Thereafter, the control was switched to control such that the dissolved hydrogen concentration was 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less, that is, the first addition amount control. At this time, changes over time in the dissolved hydrogen concentration and dissolved oxygen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower 45 were investigated. The results are shown in Figure 5. When excessive hydrogen was added at the beginning, the equipment was able to be fully started up within about half a day from the start of water flow.
- Example 3 In the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, the first addition amount control was carried out so that the dissolved hydrogen concentration was 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less from the beginning of the start-up of the apparatus. At this time, changes over time in the dissolved hydrogen concentration and dissolved oxygen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower 45 were investigated. The results are shown in FIG. When the first addition amount control was performed from the beginning of water flow, it took a long time, several days or more, for the device to start up.
- Example 4 In the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, the relationship between the bed height of the platinum group metal supported catalyst in the catalyst tower 45 and the hydrogen peroxide concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower 45 was investigated.
- the bed heights of the catalyst in the catalyst tower 45 were set to 50 mm and 100 mm.
- the water to be treated has a hydrogen peroxide concentration of 15 to 20 ⁇ g/L, and the water to be treated is controlled so that the dissolved hydrogen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower 45 is 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less. Hydrogen was added to.
- the space velocity of the water to be treated in the catalyst tower 45 was 500 h ⁇ 1 .
- the results are shown in FIG. It has been found that if the height of the catalyst layer in the catalyst tower 45 is at least 100 mm or more, the target value of the hydrogen peroxide concentration of 1.0 ⁇ g/L or less is satisfied.
- Example 5 In the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, water is passed through the catalyst tower 45 while changing the bed height of the platinum group metal supported catalyst in the catalyst tower 45 to 70, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 240 cm, and the outlet water of the catalyst tower 45 is The changes in dissolved hydrogen and dissolved oxygen concentrations were investigated. Hydrogen was added to the water to be treated under control such that the dissolved hydrogen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower 45 was 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less. The space velocity of the water to be treated in the catalyst tower 45 was 80 h ⁇ 1 . The results are shown in FIG. At all bed heights, we were able to achieve the target values of 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less for each of the dissolved hydrogen concentration and dissolved oxygen concentration, except at the time of start-up or when changing the bed height.
- Example 6 In the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, water is passed through the catalyst tower 45 while changing the bed height of the platinum group metal supported catalyst in the catalyst tower 45 to 50, 30, and 20 cm, and the dissolved hydrogen concentration and dissolved hydrogen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower 45 are changed. Changes in oxygen concentration were investigated.
- the water to be treated has a dissolved oxygen concentration of about 10 ⁇ g/L and a hydrogen peroxide concentration of 30 to 60 ⁇ g/L, and the dissolved hydrogen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower 45 is set to 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less. Hydrogen was added to the water to be treated under such control.
- the space velocity of the water to be treated in the catalyst tower 45 was 100 h ⁇ 1 . The results are shown in FIG.
- the dissolved hydrogen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower 45 will be lower.
- the target values 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less for each of the following: and dissolved oxygen concentration.
- the layer height was 20 cm, the target value for dissolved hydrogen concentration could be achieved, but the target value for dissolved oxygen concentration could not be achieved.
- the height of the catalyst layer in the catalyst tower 45 is preferably 10 cm or more from the viewpoint of removing at least dissolved hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide. From the viewpoint of removing dissolved oxygen in addition to the above, it was found that the length is more preferably 30 cm or more, and even more preferably 70 cm or more.
- Example 7 In the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, the water to be treated is passed through the catalyst tower 45 so that the space velocity of the water is 30 h -1 while controlling the dissolved hydrogen concentration to be 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less. , changes in dissolved hydrogen concentration and dissolved oxygen concentration in the outlet water of the catalyst tower 45 were investigated. The results are shown in FIG. Even when the space velocity was 30 h -1 , both the dissolved hydrogen concentration and the dissolved oxygen concentration could be reduced to 0.1 ⁇ g/L or less.
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Abstract
Description
2H2+O2 → 2H2O (2)
図2に示す装置において、触媒塔45の出口水の溶存水素濃度が0.1μg/L以下となるように制御部48によって制御を行ない、触媒塔45の出口水における溶存水素濃度及び溶存酸素濃度の時間変化を調べた。結果を図3に示す。また、触媒塔45の出口水の過酸化水素濃度を調べたところ、1.0μg/L以下であった。
図2に示す装置において、触媒塔45の出口水の溶存酸素濃度が0.1μg/L以下であるように制御部48によって制御を行ない、触媒塔45の出口水における溶存水素濃度及び溶存酸素濃度の時間変化を調べた。結果を図4に示す。また、触媒塔45の出口水の過酸化水素濃度を調べたところ、1.0μg/L以下であった。
図2に示す装置を用い、装置の立ち上げの初期に、溶存酸素濃度が0.1μg/L以下となるようにする制御すなわち第2の添加量制御を行なって過剰に水素含有水を添加し、その後、溶存水素濃度が0.1μg/L以下となるようにする制御すなわち第1の添加量制御に切り替えた。このときの触媒塔45の出口水における溶存水素濃度及び溶存酸素濃度の時間変化を調べた。結果を図5に示す。初期に水素を過剰に添加したときは、通水開始から半日程度で装置を完全に立ち上げることができた。
図2に示す装置において装置の立ち上げの初期から、溶存水素濃度が0.1μg/L以下となるように第1の添加量制御を行なった。このときの触媒塔45の出口水における溶存水素濃度及び溶存酸素濃度の時間変化を調べた。結果を図6に示す。通水初期から第1の添加量制御を行なった場合には、装置の立ち上がりに数日以上という長期間を要した。
図2に示す装置において、触媒塔45での白金族金属担持触媒の層高と触媒塔45の出口水における過酸化水素濃度との関係を調べた。触媒塔45における触媒の層高は50mmと100mmとした。被処理水としては過酸化水素濃度が15~20μg/Lのものを使用し、触媒塔45の出口水における溶存水素濃度を0.1μg/L以下とするような制御を行なって、被処理水に対する水素の添加を行った。触媒塔45における被処理水の通水の空間速度は500h-1であった。結果を図7に示す。触媒塔45における触媒の層高が少なくとも100mm以上であれば、1.0μg/L以下という過酸化水素濃度の目標値が満たされることが分かった。
図2に示す装置において、触媒塔45での白金族金属担持触媒の層高を70、90、120、150、180及び240cmと変えながら触媒塔45に通水して、触媒塔45の出口水における溶存水素濃度と溶存酸素濃度の変化を調べた。触媒塔45の出口水における溶存水素濃度を0.1μg/L以下とするような制御を行なって、被処理水に対する水素の添加を行った。触媒塔45における被処理水の通水の空間速度は80h-1であった。結果を図8に示す。いずれの層高においても、立ち上げ時や層高の切り替え時などを除き、溶存水素濃度及び溶存酸素濃度の各々について0.1μg/L以下という目標値を達成することができた。
図2に示す装置において、触媒塔45での白金族金属担持触媒の層高を50、30及び20cmと変えながら触媒塔45に通水して、触媒塔45の出口水における溶存水素濃度と溶存酸素濃度の変化を調べた。被処理水としては溶存酸素濃度が10μg/L程度であって過酸化水素濃度が30~60μg/Lのものを使用し、触媒塔45の出口水における溶存水素濃度を0.1μg/L以下とするような制御を行なって、被処理水に対する水素の添加を行った。触媒塔45における被処理水の通水の空間速度は100h-1であった。結果を図9に示す。装置の立ち上げ時や層高の切り替え時などを除いて出口濃度が安定したときで比較すると、白金族金属担持触媒の層高が30cm以上であれば、触媒塔45の出口水における溶存水素濃度及び溶存酸素濃度の各々について0.1μg/L以下という目標値を達成することができた。層高が20cmであるときは、溶存水素濃度については目標値を達成できたが溶存酸素濃度については目標値を達成することができなかった。またいずれの層高においても、触媒塔45の出口水の過酸化水素濃度が1μg/L以下であるという目標は達成された。実施例4,5,6の結果から、触媒塔45での触媒の層高は、少なくとも溶存水素及び過酸化水素を除去するという観点からは10cm以上とすることが好ましく、溶存水素及び過酸化水素に加えて溶存酸素を除去するという観点から30cm以上とすることがより好ましく、70cm以上とすることがさらに好ましいことが分かった。
図2に示す装置において、溶存水素濃度を0.1μg/L以下とするような制御を行ないながら、通水の空間速度が30h-1であるように被処理水を触媒塔45に通水し、触媒塔45の出口水での溶存水素濃度及び溶存酸素濃度の変化を調べた。結果を図10に示す。空間速度が30h-1であるときも溶存水素濃度及び溶存酸素濃度をいずれも0.1μg/L以下とすることができた。
11,45 触媒塔(Pd)
12 水素(H2)源
13 混合部(MIX)
14,46 溶存水素(DH)計
15,47 溶存酸素(DO)計
16,48 制御部
20 タンク
21,44 ポンプ
22 熱交換器(HE)
23 紫外線酸化装置(UV)
24 非再生型混床式イオン交換装置(CP)
25 限外ろ過膜装置(UF)
26 循環配管
30 ユースポイント(POU)
41 溶存水素発生装置
42 流量計(FI)
43 混合用カラム
49~51 弁
Claims (10)
- 被処理水から酸化性物質を除去する酸化性物質除去装置を有し、
前記酸化性物質除去装置は、
前記被処理水に水素を添加する水素添加手段と、
白金族金属担持触媒を備え、水素が添加された前記被処理水が通水する触媒塔と、
前記水素添加手段による水素の添加量を制御する制御部と、
前記触媒塔の出口水における溶存水素濃度を測定する第1の測定手段と、
を有し、
前記触媒塔において、前記白金族金属担持触媒を含めて前記触媒塔に充填されている充填物の層高が10cm以上であり、
前記制御部は、前記第1の測定手段による測定値が第1の所定の範囲となるように前記水素添加手段による水素の添加量を制御する第1の添加量制御を行なう、水処理装置。 - 紫外線酸化装置をさらに備え、
前記被処理水は前記紫外線酸化装置の出口水である、請求項1に記載の水処理装置。 - 前記白金族金属担持触媒は、アニオン交換樹脂に少なくとも白金族金属を担持させたものであって、前記白金族金属担持触媒が前記触媒塔に充填されている、請求項1または2に記載の水処理装置。
- 白金族金属担持触媒を備える触媒塔に通水される被処理水に水素を添加する水処理装置であって、
前記被処理水に水素を添加する水素添加手段と、
前記水素添加手段による水素の添加量を制御する制御部と、
前記触媒塔の出口水における溶存水素濃度を測定する第1の測定手段と、
を有し、
前記触媒塔において、前記白金族金属担持触媒を含めて前記触媒塔に充填されている充填物の層高が10cm以上であり、
前記制御部は、前記第1の測定手段による測定値が第1の範囲となるように前記水素添加手段による水素の添加量を制御する第1の添加量制御を行なう、水処理装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記第1の添加量制御を行なわずに過剰に水素を添加するように前記水素添加手段を制御し、所定のタイミングで、前記第1の添加量制御を開始する、請求項1、2及び4のいずれか1項に記載の水処理装置。
- 前記触媒塔の出口水またはユースポイントにおける水の溶存酸素濃度を測定する第2の測定手段をさらに備え、
前記制御部は、前記第2の測定手段による測定値が第2の範囲となるように前記水素添加手段による水素の添加量を制御する第2の添加量制御を行ない、前記第2の測定手段による測定値が前記第2の範囲となった後、前記第2の添加量制御を停止して前記第1の添加量制御を開始する、請求項1、2及び4のいずれか1項に記載の水処理装置。 - 被処理水から酸化性物質を除去する酸化性物質除去工程を有し、
前記酸化性物質除去工程は、前記被処理水に水素を添加する工程と、水素が添加された前記被処理水を白金族金属担持触媒を備えた触媒塔に通水する工程と、を有し、
前記水素を添加する工程において、前記触媒塔の出口水における溶存水素濃度が第1の範囲となるように前記被処理水に添加される水素の量を制御する第1の添加量制御が行なわれ、
前記触媒塔において、前記白金族金属担持触媒を含めて前記触媒塔に充填されている充填物の層高が10cm以上である、水処理方法。 - 前記第1の添加量制御を行う前に前記被処理水に過剰に水素を添加して前記触媒塔に通水し、所定のタイミングで前記第1の添加量制御を開始する、請求項7に記載の水処理方法。
- 前記触媒塔の出口水における溶存酸素濃度が第2の範囲となるように前記被処理水に添加される水素の量を制御する第2の添加量制御を行ない、前記触媒塔の出口水における溶存酸素濃度が前記第2の範囲となった後、前記第2の添加量制御を停止して前記第1の添加量制御を開始する、請求項7に記載の水処理方法。
- 前記白金族金属担持触媒に対する空間速度が30h-1以上となるように、水素が添加された前記被処理水を前記触媒塔に通水する、請求項7乃至9のいずれか1項に記載の水処理方法。
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JP2014140826A (ja) * | 2013-01-25 | 2014-08-07 | Nomura Micro Sci Co Ltd | 超純水製造方法 |
JP2015166064A (ja) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-24 | オルガノ株式会社 | 超純水製造装置 |
JP2016215150A (ja) * | 2015-05-22 | 2016-12-22 | オルガノ株式会社 | 超純水製造装置 |
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