WO2023174296A1 - 托盘组件、电池包及车辆 - Google Patents

托盘组件、电池包及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023174296A1
WO2023174296A1 PCT/CN2023/081419 CN2023081419W WO2023174296A1 WO 2023174296 A1 WO2023174296 A1 WO 2023174296A1 CN 2023081419 W CN2023081419 W CN 2023081419W WO 2023174296 A1 WO2023174296 A1 WO 2023174296A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tray
buffer layer
protective plate
pallet
assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/081419
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
万龙
彭青波
谭志佳
杨胜琳
李建奇
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023174296A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023174296A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery packs, and in particular, to a pallet assembly, a battery pack and a vehicle.
  • the battery tray adopts a metal structure.
  • the strength of the metal structure is increased, the strength of the tray can only be enhanced by increasing the thickness of the structure.
  • the weight of the tray is increased, making it impossible to achieve lightweighting.
  • the metal tray needs to be insulated before it can realize the high-voltage protection function of the internal battery core. The process is complex and costly.
  • This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.
  • one purpose of this application is to propose a pallet assembly that is provided with a protective plate and a buffer layer at the bottom of the pallet.
  • the pallet assembly has strong bottom impact resistance.
  • the pallet is constructed as an insulating piece and has good high-voltage protection. capabilities and is more lightweight.
  • This application further proposes a battery pack having the above-mentioned tray assembly.
  • This application also proposes a vehicle with the above battery pack.
  • the pallet assembly includes: a pallet formed with a battery core accommodation cavity; a protective plate disposed at the bottom of the pallet; and a buffer layer disposed between the pallet and the protective plate. between plates; wherein at least part of said pallet is constructed as an insulator.
  • the pallet assembly can have good resistance to bottom impact by arranging the pallet, the protective plate, and the buffer layer, and the buffer layer can effectively buffer the impact force and reduce damage to the inside of the battery containing cavity.
  • the tray is constructed as an insulating piece.
  • the insulating piece has the function of high-voltage insulation protection for the cells in the pallet, further improving the safety performance of the battery pack.
  • the pallet has strong impact resistance and is light in weight, further improving the safety performance of the battery pack.
  • the tray assembly has the ability to protect the battery cells and improve the energy density of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack according to the present application is provided with the tray assembly described in any one of the above embodiments. Since the battery pack according to the present application is provided with the tray assembly described in any one of the above embodiments, the protection capability of the battery pack Strong, good safety, can effectively protect against physical impact from the bottom, the battery pack has good high-voltage insulation protection capabilities, and And the energy density of the battery pack is high.
  • the vehicle according to the present application is provided with the battery pack described in any one of the above embodiments. Since the vehicle according to the present application is provided with the battery pack described in any one of the above embodiments, the battery pack of the vehicle has It has a long service life, a long cruising range of the vehicle, excellent bottom impact resistance, and good vehicle safety performance.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tray assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pallet according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the tray body and the outer frame according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the laying direction of the layers within the pallet body according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Tray assembly 1 tray 11, tray body 111, outer frame 112, protective plate 12, buffer layer 13, laminate 101, battery pack 2, battery cell 3;
  • the tray assembly 1 includes a tray 11, a protective plate 12 and a buffer layer 13.
  • An electric core holding cavity is formed in the tray 11.
  • the tray 11 can be used to accommodate module batteries or single electric cells 3.
  • the protective plate 12 is disposed on The bottom of the pallet 11 is used to increase the strength of the bottom of the pallet assembly 1. Foreign objects at the bottom may hit the pallet 11 when the vehicle 1000 is traveling, and the protective plate 12 can increase the strength of the bottom of the pallet assembly 1 to prevent electrical shock in the pallet 11.
  • the core 3 is affected to increase the structural strength of the bottom of the tray assembly 1, thereby improving the protection capability of the tray assembly 1 for the battery core 3.
  • a buffer layer 13 is provided between the protective plate 12 and the tray 11 .
  • the buffer layer 13 may be configured as a foam material to absorb impact.
  • the impact force of the pallet assembly 1 is relatively large, and the buffer layer 13 can effectively buffer the impact force of foreign matter and absorb energy through deformation to reduce the impact of foreign matter on it.
  • the tray 11 is configured as an insulating member.
  • the insulated part of the tray 11 can enable the tray assembly 1 to have a high-voltage insulation protection function for the electric cores 3 in the electric core accommodation cavity.
  • the insulation parts can be made of carbon fiber composite materials or glass fiber composite materials. Both carbon fiber composite materials and glass fiber composite materials have a multi-layer lamination structure, which can effectively dissipate external impact energy and improve the durability of the pallet assembly 1. Impact resistance.
  • the tray 11 made of carbon fiber composite material or glass fiber composite material has a low density and is lighter in weight than the existing tray 11, which can increase the energy density of the battery pack 2.
  • the composite material itself has strong acid resistance and alkali resistance, good high-temperature aging performance, and low thermal conductivity, and has a thermal insulation effect on the bottom of the battery pack 2 .
  • the pallet assembly 1 can have good resistance to bottom impact by arranging the pallet 11, the protective plate 12, and the buffer layer 13.
  • the buffer layer 13 can effectively buffer the impact force and reduce the impact on the battery core. Damage inside the cavity.
  • at least part of the tray 11 is constructed as an insulator.
  • the insulator has the function of high-voltage insulation protection for the battery core 3 in the tray 11 and improves the safety performance of the battery pack 2.
  • the tray 11 has strong impact resistance and is light in weight. , which better improves the protection capability of the battery core 3 of the tray assembly 1 and increases the energy density of the battery pack 2.
  • the top surface area of the protective plate 12 is greater than or equal to the bottom area of the pallet 11 , and the buffer layer 13 is disposed on the top surface of the protective plate 12 .
  • the top surface area of the protective plate 12 is S1
  • the buffer layer 13 is located on
  • the coverage area on the protective plate 12 is S2, and satisfies: 85% ⁇ S1/S2 ⁇ 98%.
  • the protective plate 12 can fully protect the bottom surface of the pallet 11 and improve the protective effect of the bottom of the pallet assembly 1 .
  • the buffer layer 13 is disposed on the top surface of the protective plate 12. In the height direction of the pallet 11, the orthographic projection area of the buffer layer 13 on the protective plate 12 is the coverage area S2 of the buffer layer 13 on the protective plate 12.
  • the ratio between the top surface area and the coverage area of the buffer layer 13 is set in the range of 85% ⁇ S1 / S2 ⁇ 98%, so that the buffer layer 13 can fully cover the protective plate 12 and achieve the effect of buffering the impact force while buffering
  • the layer 13 can also play a role in thermal insulation of the battery cell receiving cavity in the tray 11 .
  • the buffer layer 13 is directly opposite to the battery core accommodation cavity, and the coverage area of the buffer layer 13 on the bottom surface of the tray 11 is greater than or equal to the bottom surface area of the battery core accommodation cavity, and the battery core 3 is accommodated in the battery core accommodation cavity.
  • the orthographic projection area of the buffer layer 13 on the bottom surface of the tray 11 is the coverage area of the buffer layer 13 on the bottom surface of the tray 11, and by setting the coverage area of the buffer layer 13 to be greater than or equal to the bottom surface of the cell accommodation cavity area, the buffer layer 13 can effectively protect the bottom of the battery core accommodation cavity and buffer the impact force of foreign matter hitting the bottom wall of the battery core accommodation cavity.
  • the heat preservation effect on the battery core 3 in the battery core accommodation cavity can be improved.
  • the buffer layer 13 is configured as a hard foam piece. Constructing the buffer layer 13 as a hard foam piece can improve the buffering capacity of the buffer layer 13 on the one hand. In addition, the cost of the hard foam piece is low. , chemical properties are stable, and it has good flame retardant effect, which can increase the spread speed of the combustion of the battery pack 2 after the vehicle 1000 is impacted.
  • the thickness of the buffer layer 13 is D1 and satisfies 6mm ⁇ D1 ⁇ 12mm.
  • buffer layer The thickness of 13 is set within the above range, so that the buffer layer 13 can effectively buffer and absorb energy against mechanical impact without causing the battery pack 2 to be too high. This will help ensure the battery when the battery pack 2 is installed on the vehicle 1000.
  • the distance between the battery pack 2 and the ground is within the above range, which not only ensures the buffering effect of the buffer layer 13 on the tray 11, but also ensures that the overall size of the battery pack 2 will not be too high, which is conducive to ensuring a safe distance between the battery pack 2 and the ground.
  • the buffer layer 13 can be a PU component, a PPO component, a PET component, or an MPP component.
  • the Shore hardness range of the surface of the buffer layer 13 can be in the range of 60-100°. between.
  • the hardness and compressive strength of foam materials are determined by the relative density of the material.
  • the recommended foaming ratio design of the material is 5, 10, or 15 times. It can protect the bottom of the tray 11 and effectively buffer the space compression of the protective plate 12 after plastic deformation.
  • the buffer layer 13 can be installed and fitted in the corresponding groove structure of the protective plate 12 to cover the entire battery pack 2.
  • the effective area of the cell 3 is the cell receiving cavity, which realizes full area protection of the cell 3 inside the battery pack 2.
  • the tray 11 includes a tray body 111 and an outer frame part 112.
  • the tray body 111 is formed with a battery core accommodation cavity, and the tray body 111 is configured as an insulator.
  • the tray body 111 can be made of carbon fiber composite material or glass fiber.
  • the outer frame part 112 is constructed as a metal piece and surrounds at least part of the outer periphery of the pallet body 111 and is connected to the outer periphery of the pallet body 111.
  • the outer frame part 112 surrounds the outer periphery of the pallet body 111, which can help improve the height of the pallet body.
  • the outer frame 112 can be adhesively connected to the tray body 111, and the outer frame 112 can be provided with mounting points for the protective plate 12.
  • the pallet body 111 includes multiple layers of plies 101 laid sequentially in the thickness direction.
  • the fibers in each layer of plies 101 extend in the same direction, and the fiber extension directions of two adjacent plies 101 have a The included angle is ⁇ , and the ⁇ satisfies: 0° ⁇ 180°.
  • the fiber extension directions of two adjacent layers 101 are arranged orthogonally, so that the structural strength of the pallet body 111 can be consistent in the length direction and width direction.
  • the layers 101 of the tray 11 can be configured as an even number of layers. By setting the number of layers 101 of the tray 11 to an even number, the balance consistency of the battery tray 11 in the length direction and width direction can be better improved.
  • the number of layers 101 is n and satisfies 10 ⁇ n ⁇ 18. Setting the number of layers 101 within the above range can make the pallet body 111 have better structural strength and improve The temperature and heat insulation capability of the tray body 111 and the buffering effect on the cell accommodation cavity.
  • the protective plate 12 is fixedly connected to the outer frame 112, and the thickness of the protective plate 12 is D2 and satisfies 0.5mm ⁇ D2 ⁇ 2mm.
  • the protective plate 12 can be constructed as a high-strength steel protective plate 12, and the protective plate 12 can be a DP780 high-strength steel plate. By setting the thickness of the protective plate 12 within the above range, the impact resistance of the protective plate 12 can be improved.
  • the outer frame part 112 may be provided with mounting holes suitable for fasteners to pass through, and the fasteners penetrate the protective plate 12 and cooperate with the installation holes to fix the protective plate 12 on the outer frame part 112 .
  • the battery pack 2 according to the present application is briefly described below.
  • the battery pack 2 according to the present application is provided with the tray assembly 1 described in any one of the above embodiments.
  • the battery pack 2 is provided with the tray assembly 1 described in any one of the above embodiments. Therefore, the battery pack 2 has strong protection ability and good safety, and can effectively protect against physical impact from the bottom.
  • the battery pack 2 has good high-voltage insulation protection capability, and the battery pack 2 has high energy density.
  • the vehicle 1000 according to the present application is briefly described below.
  • the vehicle 1000 according to the present application is provided with the battery pack 2 described in any one of the above embodiments. Since the vehicle 1000 according to the present application is provided with the battery described in any one of the above embodiments Pack 2, so the battery pack 2 of the vehicle 1000 has a long service life, the vehicle 1000 has a long cruising range, has excellent bottom impact resistance, and the vehicle 1000 has good safety performance.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

一种托盘组件(1)、电池包(2)及车辆(1000)，托盘组件(1)包括：托盘(11)，所述托盘(11)形成有电芯容纳腔；防护板(112)，所述防护板(112)设置于所述托盘(11)底部；缓冲层(13)，所述缓冲层(13)设置于所述托盘(11)与所述防护板(112)之间；其中所述托盘(11)的至少部分构造为绝缘件。

Description

托盘组件、电池包及车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求比亚迪股份有限公司于2022年3月14日提交的、发明名称为“托盘组件、电池包及车辆”的、中国专利申请号“2022205634889”的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池包领域，尤其是涉及一种托盘组件、电池包及车辆。
背景技术
相关技术中，电池托盘采用金属结构，而金属结构在提高强度时，仅能通过提高结构的厚度实现对托盘强度的增强，而在提高托盘强度的同时，导致托盘的重量提高，无法达到轻量化，并且金属托盘需要进行绝缘处理后才能实现对内部电芯的高压保护功能，工艺复杂成本高。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本申请的一个目的在于提出了一种托盘组件，该托盘组件在托盘底部设置有防护板以及缓冲层，托盘组件的抗底部冲击能力强，托盘构造为绝缘件，具有良好的高压保护能力，且更加轻量化。
本申请进一步地提出了一种具有上述托盘组件的电池包。
本申请还提出了一种具有上述电池包的车辆。
根据本申请的托盘组件包括：托盘，所述托盘形成有电芯容纳腔；防护板，所述防护板设置于所述托盘底部；缓冲层，所述缓冲层设置于所述托盘与所述防护板之间；其中所述托盘的至少部分构造为绝缘件。
根据本申请的托盘组件，通过设置托盘、防护板、缓冲层可以使托盘组件具有良好的抗底部冲击能力，而缓冲层可以有效地缓冲冲击力，减小对电芯容纳腔内部的伤害。同时，托盘的至少部分构造为绝缘件，绝缘件具有对托盘内电芯的高压绝缘保护的作用，进一步提高了电池包的安全性能，此外，托盘的抗冲击能力强、重量轻，进一步提升了托盘组件对于电芯的保护能力，且提高了电池包的能量密度。
根据本申请的电池包设置有上述实施例中任意一项所述的托盘组件，由于根据本申请的电池包设置有上述实施例中任意一项所述的托盘组件，因此该电池包的防护能力强，安全性好，可以有效地防护来自底部的物理冲击，电池包具有良好的高压绝缘保护能力，并 且电池包的能量密度高。
根据本申请的车辆上设置有上述实施例中任意一项所述的电池包，由于根据本申请的车辆上设置有上述实施例中任意一项所述的电池包，因此该车辆的电池包的使用寿命长，车辆的续航里程远，具有优秀的底部抗冲击能力，并且车辆的安全性能好。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
图1是根据本申请实施例的托盘组件的结构示意图；
图2是根据本申请实施例的托盘的结构示意图；
图3是根据本申请实施例的托盘本体与外框部的配合示意图；
图4是根据本申请实施例的托盘本体内铺层的铺层方向示意图；
图5是根据本申请实施例的电池包的结构示意图。
图6是根据本申请实施例的车辆的示意图。
附图标记：
托盘组件1；托盘11，托盘本体111，外框部112，防护板12，缓冲层13，铺层101，电池包2，电芯3；
车辆1000。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
下面参考图1-图5描述根据本申请实施例的托盘组件1。
根据本申请的托盘组件1包括托盘11、防护板12和缓冲层13，托盘11内形成有电芯容纳腔，托盘11可以用于容纳模组电池或单体电芯3，防护板12设置于托盘11的底部以用于提高托盘组件1底部的强度，车辆1000在行驶过程中底部的异物有撞击托盘11的可能，而防护板12可以提高托盘组件1底部的强度，避免托盘11内的电芯3受到影响提高托盘组件1底部的结构强度，从而提高托盘组件1对于电芯3的防护能力。在防护板12与托盘11之间设置有缓冲层13，缓冲层13可以构造为发泡材料以用于吸收冲击能力，在托盘组件1受到底部冲击后，在车辆1000的高速行驶过程中，异物对于托盘组件1的冲击力较大，而设置缓冲层13可以有效缓冲异物的冲击力，通过形变进行吸能，以减少异物对于 电芯容纳腔内电芯3所造成的伤害。
根据本申请的一个实施例，根据本申请的托盘11的至少部分构造为绝缘件，托盘11绝缘的部分可以使托盘组件1具有对电芯容纳腔内电芯3的高压绝缘保护作用，此外，绝缘件可以采用碳纤维复合材料或玻璃纤维复合材料编制而成，而碳纤维复合材料与玻璃纤维复合材料均具有多层铺层101结构，可以有效地耗散外界的冲击能量，提高了托盘组件1的抗冲击能力。采用碳纤维复合材料或玻璃纤维复合材料的托盘11，密度低相比较现有的托盘11来说，重量更轻，可以提高电池包2的能量密度。复合材料本身具有耐酸、耐碱性强，高温老化性能好，同时具有低导热系数，对电池包2底部具有保温隔热的作用。
根据本申请的托盘组件1，通过设置托盘11、防护板12、缓冲层13可以使托盘组件1具有良好的抗底部冲击能力，而缓冲层13可以有效地缓冲冲击力，减小对电芯容纳腔内部的伤害。同时，托盘11的至少部分构造为绝缘件，绝缘件具有对托盘11内电芯3的高压绝缘保护的作用，提高了电池包2的安全性能，此外，托盘11的抗冲击能力强、重量轻，更好地提升了托盘组件1对于电芯3的保护能力，且提高了电池包2的能量密度。
根据本申请的一个实施例，防护板12的顶面面积大于或等于托盘11的底面积，缓冲层13设置于防护板12的顶面，防护板12的顶面面积为S1，缓冲层13在防护板12上的覆盖面积为S2，且满足：85％≤S1/S2≤98％。
通过设置防护板12的顶面面积大于托盘11的底面面积，可以使防护板12对于托盘11的底面进行全方位保护，提高托盘组件1底部的防护效果。缓冲层13设置于防护板12的顶面，在托盘11的高度方向上，缓冲层13在防护板12上的正投影面积即缓冲层13在防护板12上的覆盖面积S2，防护板12的顶面面积与缓冲层13的覆盖面积之间的比例设置在85％≤S1/S2≤98％范围内，可以使缓冲层13充分覆盖防护板12，并可以达到缓冲冲击力的作用，同时缓冲层13还可以起到对托盘11内电芯容纳腔的保温作用。
根据本申请的一个实施例，缓冲层13与电芯容纳腔正对且缓冲层13在托盘11底面的覆盖面积大于或等于电芯容纳腔的底面面积，电芯3容纳在电芯容纳腔内，在托盘11的高度方向上，缓冲层13在托盘11底面的正投影面积即缓冲层13在托盘11底面的覆盖面积，而通过设置缓冲层13的覆盖面积大于或等于电芯容纳腔的底面面积，可以使缓冲层13有效对电芯容纳腔的底部进行保护，缓冲冲击电芯容纳腔底壁异物的冲击力。同时可以提高对电芯容纳腔内电芯3的保温效果。
根据本申请的一个实施例，缓冲层13构造为硬质发泡件，将缓冲层13构造为硬质发泡件一方面可以提高缓冲层13的缓冲能力，此外硬质发泡件的成本低、化学性质稳定，具有良好的阻燃效果，可以在车辆1000受到冲击后，提高电池包2燃烧的蔓延速度。
根据本申请的一个实施例，缓冲层13的厚度为D1，且满足6mm≤D1≤12mm。将缓冲层 13的厚度设置为上述范围内，可以使缓冲层13有效地对防机械冲击进行缓冲吸能，同时不会导致电池包2过高，这样当电池包2安装至车辆1000上时有利于保证电池包2距离地面的间距，在上述范围内即保证了缓冲层13对于托盘11的缓冲作用，又确保了电池包2的整体尺寸不会过高，有利于保证电池包2距离地面的安全间距。
根据本申请的一个实施例，缓冲层13可以为PU件、PPO件、PET件或MPP件，采用上述种类的硬质发泡材料，可以使缓冲层13表面邵氏硬度范围在60-100°之间。发泡材料的硬度和压缩强度是由材料的相对密度决定，材料的发泡倍率设计建议为5、10、15倍。可以实现对于托盘11的底部防护，并且有效缓冲防护板12在塑性变形后空间的压缩，缓冲层13可以安装贴合在防护板12对应的凹槽结构内，覆盖整个电池包2内部设置有电芯3的有效区域即电芯容纳腔，实现对电池包2内部电芯3全域防护。
根据本申请的一个实施例，托盘11包括托盘本体111、外框部112，托盘本体111形成有电芯容纳腔，且托盘本体111构造为绝缘件，托盘本体111可以由碳纤维复合材料或玻璃纤维复合材料构成；外框部112构造为金属件且环绕于托盘本体111的至少部分外周并与托盘本体111的外周连接，外框部112围绕于托盘本体111的外周，可以有助于提高托盘本体111外周的结构强度，外框部112可以与托盘本体111之间胶粘连接，外框部112上可以设置有防护板12的安装点。
根据本申请的一个实施例，托盘本体111包括多层在厚度方向依次铺设的铺层101，每层铺层101内纤维的延伸方向相同，相邻两个所述铺层101的纤维延伸方向具有夹角为α，所述α且满足：0°＜α＜180°。相邻两层铺层101的纤维延伸方向正交设置，可以实现托盘本体111的结构强度在长度方向和宽度方向的一致性。
此外，托盘11的铺层101可以构造为偶数层，通过设置托盘11的铺层101数量为偶数层可以更好地提升电池托盘11在长度方向和宽度方向的均衡一致性。
根据本申请的一个实施例，铺层101的层数为n且满足10≤n≤18，将铺层101的数量设置为上述范围内，可以使托盘本体111具有更好的结构强度，可以提高托盘本体111的隔温隔热能力以及对于电芯容纳腔的缓冲效果。
根据本申请的一个实施例，防护板12与外框部112固定连接，防护板12的厚度为D2且满足0.5mm≤D2≤2mm。防护板12可以构造为高强钢防护板12，防护板12可以采用DP780高强钢板，通过将防护板12的厚度设置在上述范围内，可以提高防护板12的抗冲击能力。外框部112上可以设置有适于紧固件穿过的安装孔，紧固件穿设防护板12并与安装孔配合以将防护板12固定在外框部112上。
下面简单描述根据本申请的电池包2。
根据本申请的电池包2设置有上述实施例中任意一项所述的托盘组件1，由于根据本申 请的电池包2设置有上述实施例中任意一项所述的托盘组件1，因此该电池包2的防护能力强，安全性好，可以有效地防护来自底部的物理冲击，电池包2具有良好的高压绝缘保护能力，并且电池包2的能量密度高。
下面简单描述根据本申请的车辆1000。
如图6所示，根据本申请的车辆1000上设置有上述实施例中任意一项所述的电池包2，由于根据本申请的车辆1000上设置有上述实施例中任意一项所述的电池包2，因此该车辆1000的电池包2的使用寿命长，车辆1000的续航里程远，具有优秀的底部抗冲击能力，并且车辆1000的安全性能好。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种托盘组件(1)，其特征在于，包括：
    托盘(11)，所述托盘(11)形成有电芯容纳腔；
    防护板(12)，所述防护板(12)设置于所述托盘(11)底部；
    缓冲层(13)，所述缓冲层(13)设置于所述托盘(11)与所述防护板(12)之间；其中
    所述托盘(11)的至少部分构造为绝缘件。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的托盘组件(1)，其特征在于，所述绝缘件构造为碳纤维件或玻璃纤维件。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的托盘组件(1)，其特征在于，所述防护板(12)的顶面面积大于或等于所述托盘(11)的底面积，所述缓冲层(13)设置于所述防护板(12)的顶面，所述防护板(12)的顶面面积为S1，所述缓冲层(13)在所述防护板(12)上的覆盖面积为S2，且满足：85％≤S1/S2≤98％。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的托盘组件(1)，其特征在于，所述缓冲层(13)与所述电芯容纳腔正对且所述缓冲层(13)在托盘(11)底面的覆盖面积大于或等于所述电芯容纳腔的底面面积。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的托盘组件(1)，其特征在于，所述缓冲层(13)构造为硬质发泡件。
  6. 根据权利要求1或5所述的托盘组件(1)，其特征在于，所述缓冲层(13)的厚度为D1，且满足6mm≤D1≤12mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1或5所述的托盘组件(1)，其特征在于，所述缓冲层(13)构造为PU件、PPO件、PET件或MPP件。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的托盘组件(1)，其特征在于，所述托盘(11)包括：
    托盘本体(111)，所述托盘本体(111)形成有所述电芯容纳腔；
    外框部(112)，所述外框部(112)构造为金属件且环绕于所述托盘本体(111)的至少部分外周并与所述托盘本体(111)的外周连接；其中
    所述托盘本体(111)构造为绝缘件。
  9. 根据权利要求1或8所述的托盘组件(1)，其特征在于，所述托盘本体(111)包括多层在厚度方向上依次铺设的铺层(101)，相邻两层所述铺层(101)的纤维延伸方向正交设置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的托盘组件(1)，其特征在于，所述铺层(101)的层数为n且满足10≤n≤18。
  11. 根据权利要求1或8所述的托盘组件(1)，其特征在于，所述防护板(12)与所述外框部(112)固定连接，所述防护板(12)的厚度为D2且满足0.5mm≤D2≤2mm。
  12. 一种电池包(2)，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-11中任意一项所述的托盘组件(1)。
  13. 一种车辆(1000)，其特征在于，包括权利要求12所述的电池包(2)。
PCT/CN2023/081419 2022-03-14 2023-03-14 托盘组件、电池包及车辆 WO2023174296A1 (zh)

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