WO2023169504A1 - 一种屏蔽结构、阀和泵 - Google Patents

一种屏蔽结构、阀和泵 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023169504A1
WO2023169504A1 PCT/CN2023/080435 CN2023080435W WO2023169504A1 WO 2023169504 A1 WO2023169504 A1 WO 2023169504A1 CN 2023080435 W CN2023080435 W CN 2023080435W WO 2023169504 A1 WO2023169504 A1 WO 2023169504A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
elastic sleeve
sliding rod
valve
shielding structure
mounting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/080435
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韩杰
李来志
王誉潼
Original Assignee
沈阳耐蚀合金泵股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 沈阳耐蚀合金泵股份有限公司 filed Critical 沈阳耐蚀合金泵股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023169504A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023169504A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B15/00—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B15/00—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
    • F04B15/04—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts the fluids being hot or corrosive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/08—Cooling; Heating; Preventing freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
    • F04B53/1087—Valve seats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/18—Lubricating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K41/00—Spindle sealings
    • F16K41/10—Spindle sealings with diaphragm, e.g. shaped as bellows or tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K49/00—Means in or on valves for heating or cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N1/00—Constructional modifications of parts of machines or apparatus for the purpose of lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N15/00—Lubrication with substances other than oil or grease; Lubrication characterised by the use of particular lubricants in particular apparatus or conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N15/00—Lubrication with substances other than oil or grease; Lubrication characterised by the use of particular lubricants in particular apparatus or conditions
    • F16N15/04—Lubrication with substances other than oil or grease; Lubrication characterised by the use of particular lubricants in particular apparatus or conditions with water

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of sliding seals, and in particular to a shielding structure, a valve and a pump.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.
  • one object of the present invention is to provide a shielding structure.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a valve including the above shielding structure.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a pump including the above shielding structure or the above valve.
  • the technical solution of the present invention provides a shielding structure, which includes: a mounting base, a mounting hole is provided on the mounting base; a sliding rod, the sliding rod is inserted into the mounting hole and can be moved along the mounting hole.
  • the mounting hole slides in the axial direction and/rotates along the circumferential direction of the mounting hole; an elastic sleeve is installed outside the sliding rod and is located on one side of the mounting seat, and one end of the elastic sleeve is airtight is permanently installed on the sliding rod, and the other end of the elastic sleeve is air-tightly installed on the mounting base (mainly installed on the inner side of the mounting base, that is, the side in contact with gas, etc., of course, also It can be the outside, that is, the mounting hole is sealed from the outside) and is located outside the mounting hole; wherein the elastic sleeve, the sliding rod and the mounting seat are filled with lubricating medium.
  • the elastic sleeve is a flexible piece and has a relatively soft structure.
  • it can be made of elastic rubber material. That is to say, the elastic sleeve is preferably made of flexible material.
  • the elastic cover can be made of fabric or non-fabric material.
  • the elastic sleeve When the outer side of the elastic sleeve is stressed, the elastic sleeve can transmit the force to the mounting base and/or the sliding rod to bear pressure through the mounting base and/or the sliding rod. That is, when the outside of the elastic sleeve is stressed, it can bear the pressure with the help of the mounting seat and/or the sliding rod. This does not require the elastic sleeve to bear pressure like a bellows. Therefore, the elastic sleeve has a longer life and is less likely to be damaged. It solves a series of problems existing in the existing solution for sealing through bellows.
  • the lubricating medium is a lubricating film formed on the inner wall surface of the elastic sleeve, that is, the lubricating medium forms a relatively thin film, such as oil mold, liquid film, etc., on the inner wall surface of the elastic sleeve.
  • the lubricating medium is applied to the mating surface of the elastic sleeve and the sliding rod, that is, the lubricating medium is applied to the innermost wall of the elastic sleeve, that is, a thin layer of lubricating oil and other media is hung on the innermost wall of the elastic sleeve.
  • the isolation between the sliding rod and the elastic sleeve can be achieved through the lubricating medium provided on the innermost wall of the elastic sleeve, so that non-rotational contact can be formed between the sliding rod and the elastic sleeve, thereby reducing the rotation and friction of the sliding rod. /or resistance when sliding, thereby reducing wear on the sliding rod.
  • this kind of setting has relatively less lubricating medium, which can also reduce friction and reduce temperature rise.
  • the lubricating medium can form a wedge gap between the sliding rod and the elastic sleeve and/or the elastic sleeve and the mounting base.
  • the wedge gap refers to an isolation formed by gas, lubricating oil and other substances, that is, a non-contact state. This space is very small, typically measured in microns.
  • the elastic sleeve is a multi-layer elastic sleeve
  • the multi-layer elastic sleeve includes a first layer structure and a second layer structure arranged adjacently, and is provided between the first layer structure and the second layer structure.
  • the lubricating medium between any of the first layer structure and the second layer structure can form a wedge gap between the first layer structure and the second layer structure.
  • lubricating medium is filled between any two adjacent layers of the multi-layer elastic sleeve.
  • a positioning structure is provided on the connecting surface of any two adjacent layers of the multi-layer elastic sleeve.
  • the shielding structure further includes: at least one elastic blocking ring installed at the sliding rod and the installation hole.
  • the elastic blocking ring is a hard rubber sleeve.
  • the other end of the elastic sleeve (that is, the end airtightly connected to the mounting base) is provided with a flange fixedly connected to the mounting base, and the flange is tightened by threaded fasteners and/or compression.
  • the device is sealingly mounted to said mount.
  • one end of the elastic sleeve is sleeved and installed on the sliding rod through a plurality of tightening members.
  • a first concave and convex limiting structure is provided on the contact surface between the elastic sleeve and the mounting base, and a first matching structure corresponding to the first concave and convex limiting structure is provided on the mounting base.
  • a second concave and convex limiting structure is provided on the contact surface between the elastic sleeve and the sliding rod, and a second matching structure corresponding to the second concave and convex limiting structure is provided on the sliding rod.
  • the shielding structure further includes a cooling device, which is used to cool at least one of the sliding rod, the mounting seat and the elastic sleeve.
  • the cooling device includes a cooling cavity, and the cooling cavity is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet. By passing a medium such as water into the cooling cavity, objects in the cooling cavity or in contact with the cooling cavity can be cooled.
  • the cooling cavity is arranged around the mounting base, that is, a enclosure plate is provided outside the mounting base, and the enclosure plate and the outer wall of the mounting base form an installation cavity.
  • the cooling device is a heat dissipation device such as a heat dissipation fin.
  • a first cooling medium channel is provided inside the sliding rod, and a first inlet and a first cooling medium channel are provided on the other side of the sliding rod on the other side of the mounting base.
  • the first cooling medium channel is a U-shaped channel provided in the sliding rod, and the shielding structure further includes a first hose connected to the first inlet and a third hose connected to the first outlet. Two hoses.
  • a second cooling medium channel is provided inside the mounting seat, and a second inlet and a second outlet connected to the second cooling medium channel are provided on the portion of the mounting seat outside the mounting hole.
  • the outer and inner sides of the installation hole are divided by the hole wall of the installation hole.
  • the side of the inner wall of the installation hole close to the center of the installation hole is the inner side of the installation hole.
  • the inner wall of the installation hole is outer.
  • the side far away from the center of the installation hole is the installation hole. outside of the hole.
  • the cooling device includes a second cooling medium channel and a first cooling medium channel.
  • the lubricating medium includes at least one of water, lubricating oil, molybdenum disulfide, etc. That is, the lubricating medium can be water, molybdenum disulfide, lead powder, lubricating oil and other lubricating media. Of course, it can also be other common substances used for lubrication.
  • the present invention also provides a valve, which includes the above-mentioned shielding structure and a valve seat.
  • a valve chamber is provided in the valve seat, and the valve seat includes the mounting seat.
  • the sliding rod of the shielding structure is the stem of the valve.
  • the mounting seat may specifically be a valve cover of the valve seat or a middle partition structure provided in the valve seat. That is, any structure provided with a mounting hole for the valve stem to pass through can be a mounting seat, that is, wherever the valve stem needs to be slidably sealed, the above shielding structure can be used.
  • valve seat includes a valve body and a valve cover installed on the valve body, the mounting seat is the valve cover, and the elastic sleeve of the shielding structure is located in the valve body.
  • a third technical solution of the present invention provides a pump, including the above shielding structure or the above valve.
  • the pump includes the above-mentioned shielding structure
  • the pump further includes a pump casing
  • a pump chamber is provided in the pump casing
  • the pump casing includes the mounting seat.
  • the sliding rod of the shielding structure is the rotating rod of the pump.
  • the mounting seat may specifically be a valve cover of the pump housing or a middle partition structure provided in the pump housing. That is, any structure provided with a mounting hole through which the rotating rod passes can be a mounting base, that is, wherever the rotating rod needs to be slidably sealed, the above shielding structure can be used.
  • shielding structure in this application can also be used in any other situations where sliding seals are required, and is not limited to pumps and valves.
  • the shielding structure can be specifically arranged in the valve cavity to achieve sealing and shielding of the valve stem.
  • this kind of shielding structure includes a mounting seat and a sliding rod, and the sliding rod passes through the inner hole of the mounting seat (such as a valve cover).
  • One end of the elastic sleeve is tightened on the sliding rod through a tightening piece, so that the tightening force is greater than the medium
  • the pressure leaks outward and is fixed on the outer circle of the sliding rod and moves with the sliding rod.
  • the other end of the elastic sleeve is set with a flange and is pressed against the side of the mounting seat (such as the inside of the valve cover) by a pressing device. , thus ensuring that the medium in the valve cavity cannot escape from both ends of the elastic sleeve, nor can it escape from the gap between the sliding rod and the mounting seat, thereby ensuring that the medium does not leak.
  • the transported medium is harmful, it also ensures personal safety and has significant environmental effects.
  • this solution eliminates the packing structure, so that the sliding rod will not wear the packing between the mounting seat and the sliding rod. production and maintenance costs.
  • the mounting seats such as the sliding rod and valve cover are set into a hollow structure, so that cooling water or cooling oil can be passed inside to cool down the elastic sleeve, thus increasing the upper limit of the overall operating temperature of valves and other products.
  • the elastic sleeve is elastic, and there is a receiving space between the sliding rod and the elastic sleeve, which can fill the gap with lubricating medium.
  • the lubricating medium is provided to make it harder for the elastic sleeve and the sliding rod to stick, that is, it reduces the friction between the two.
  • the friction coefficient between the sliding rod makes it difficult for the elastic sleeve to stick to the sliding rod when the sliding rod moves up and down or rotates, thereby ensuring that the sliding rod can run well when sliding or rotating along the axial direction of the mounting hole and ensuring that the elastic sleeve Does not break.
  • the friction coefficient between the elastic sleeve and the sliding rod is very high, which may cause the elastic sleeve to stick to the sliding rod. This will prevent the sliding rod from running well in the elastic sleeve and may cause problems. Causes damage to the elastic sleeve. Therefore, filling the lubricating medium can also increase the life of the elastic sleeve.
  • the shielding structure is used in a valve.
  • the valve stem, valve cover and other parts of the valve that require sliding sealing adopt the above-mentioned shielding structure to ensure the sliding sealing effect of the valve stem.
  • the shielding structure can also be used for pumps, such as plunger pumps, high-temperature plunger pumps, etc.
  • a statically sealed hard rubber sleeve is installed at the gap between the sliding rod such as the valve stem and the mounting seat such as the valve cover.
  • the ductility of the hard rubber sleeve is less than that of the elastic sleeve, that is, the pressure-bearing capacity of the hard rubber sleeve is greater than The pressure-bearing capacity of the elastic sleeve.
  • the hard rubber sleeve has a certain pressure-bearing capacity and is not easy to deform, it can make up for the problem that the elastic sleeve has good ductility and easily flows out from the gap between the valve stem and other sliding rods and the valve cover and other mounting seats.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a shielding structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a partial enlarged structural diagram of position A in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a valve provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • valve seat 1 valve seat, 12 valve cover, 122 mounting holes, 14 valve body, 140 valve cavity, 16 extended structure, 2 sliding rod, 22 first cooling medium channel, 3 elastic sleeve, 32 first layer structure, 34 second layer Structure, 4 clamps, 5 elastic blocking rings, 6 threaded fasteners, 72 first hose, 74 second hose, 8 water cooling chambers.
  • the first embodiment of the present invention provides a shielding structure, which includes a mounting base, a sliding rod 2 and an elastic sleeve 3 .
  • the mounting seat may specifically include the valve cover 12 in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the valve cover 12 and other mounting seats are provided with a mounting hole 122.
  • the sliding rod 2 can be inserted into the mounting hole 122 and along the axial direction of the mounting hole 122. slide.
  • the sliding rod 2 is provided with an elastic sleeve 3.
  • One end of the elastic sleeve 3 is airtightly installed on the sliding rod 2, and the other end is airtightly installed on one side of the mounting seat (such as the valve cover 12) and is located
  • the outside of the mounting hole 122 can be understood as meaning that when the elastic sleeve 3 is installed on a mounting seat such as the valve cover 12, it does not affect the insertion of the sliding rod 2 into the mounting hole 122, thus ensuring the normal installation of the sliding rod 2. And by sealing and installing both ends of the elastic sleeve 3 and installing one end on the mounting seat, it is ensured that the medium in the valve chamber 140 cannot leak through the space between the elastic sleeve 3 and the sliding rod 2, nor can it pass through the mounting seat.
  • the mounting holes 122 are leaking.
  • a receiving space or a small gap is provided between the sliding rod 2 and the elastic sleeve 3, and lubricating medium can be filled into the gap. Filling the lubricating medium makes the gap between the elastic sleeve 3 and the sliding rod 2 more stable. It is not easy to stick, that is, the friction coefficient between the two is reduced, so that when the sliding rod 2 moves up and down, the elastic sleeve 3 is not easy to stick to the sliding rod 2, thus ensuring that the sliding rod 2 can move in the axial direction along the mounting hole 122. Works well when sliding.
  • the friction coefficient between the elastic sleeve 3 and the sliding rod 2 is very high, which may cause the elastic sleeve 3 to stick to the sliding rod 2, so that the sliding rod 2 cannot be inside the elastic sleeve 3.
  • Good run due to the good ductility of the elastic sleeve 3, it can be stretched in length (generally stretched to about 11 times), and can also be twisted in the circumferential direction, thereby making the sliding
  • the rod 2 can not only slide up and down, but also perform a certain rotation (rotation) in the circumferential direction, so that the sliding rod 2 can move more flexibly during the working process, thereby slowing down the impact of the torsional force on the sliding rod 2.
  • the elastic sleeve can form a gap between the sliding rod 2 and the mounting base through the lubricating medium in it, thereby forming a buffer space between the elastic sleeve, the sliding rod 2 and the mounting base, so that when an external force acts on the sliding rod 2
  • the installation seat is installed, part of it can be buffered by the elastic sleeve and the lubricating medium, thereby reducing the work required to the sliding rod 2 and the installation seat.
  • the force on the mounting base improves the pressure-bearing capacity of the entire device.
  • the elastic sleeve 3 of this structure can partially or completely cover the sliding rod 2, the mounting seat, etc., so that the elastic sleeve 3 and the lubricating medium inside it can form a certain buffer for the flowing medium, thereby preventing the medium from The hard impact on the sliding rod 2 and the mounting seat when flowing can slow down the hard impact on the sliding rod 2 and the mounting seat when the medium flows, and reduce the hard wear of the flowing medium on the sliding rod 2 and the mounting seat.
  • This can Improve the strength of the sliding rod 2 and the mounting base and extend their service life.
  • the pressure-bearing capacity of the valve body can be increased, so that the valve body can be used to cut off media with greater pressure.
  • the sliding rod 2 can also rotate along the circumferential direction of the mounting hole 122, and the lubricating medium can also provide lubrication during the rotation, avoiding excessive resistance between the sliding rod 2 and the elastic sleeve 3. Dry friction causes sliding rod 2 to fail to work properly.
  • the lubricating medium is an isolation film provided on the inner wall surface of the elastic sleeve 3 .
  • the lubricating medium is in a concentrated state under normal conditions.
  • the elastic sleeve is under pressure and deforms to fit the sliding rod and the mounting seat, the lubricating medium is squeezed and isolated in the elastic sleeve. and the sliding rod, thereby forming a thin film isolation (such as oil film isolation, liquid film isolation, etc.).
  • a thin film isolation such as oil film isolation, liquid film isolation, etc.
  • Isolation means creating a wedge between the two.
  • the end of the elastic sleeve 3 away from the mounting seat is connected to the bottom of the end of the sliding rod inserted into the mounting hole, that is, the elastic sleeve 3 is connected to the root of the sliding rod 2, so that the pair of elastic sleeves 3 can be inserted into the mounting hole.
  • the entire sliding rod 2 inside is covered to avoid direct contact between the sliding rod 2 and the medium inside the mounting seat, so that the impact and wear of the flowing medium on the sliding rod can be more effectively reduced.
  • both ends of the elastic sleeve 3 in this application can form a sealing shield, so it is also called an elastic shielding sleeve.
  • the elastic sleeve 3 can be fixedly installed on the edge of the mounting base so that the entire inner surface of the mounting base can be covered and protected.
  • the elastic sleeve 3 is a multi-layer elastic sleeve.
  • the multi-layer elastic sleeve includes adjacently arranged first layer structures 32 and second layer structures 34.
  • the first layer structure 32 A lubricating medium is provided between the second layer structure 34 and the second layer structure 34 .
  • This embodiment uses two layers of elastic sleeve 3 as an example, but is not limited to two layers.
  • the first layer structure 32 of the elastic sleeve 3 is punctured or damaged.
  • the second layer structure 34 of the elastic sleeve 3 can still play a shielding role, thereby further playing a shielding role for the medium.
  • a lubricating medium is also provided between the two-layer structure of the elastic sleeve 3, thereby preventing dry friction between the two-layer structures of the elastic sleeve 3, thereby increasing the service life of the elastic sleeve 3.
  • the lubricating medium is filled between any two adjacent layers of the multi-layer elastic sleeve, thereby preventing dry friction between the elastic sleeves 3.
  • the multi-layer structure of the elastic sleeve 3 can also be prevented from sticking together, thereby ensuring that the sliding rod 2 can work normally. If the multi-layer structure of the elastic sleeve 3 is stuck together, it will be difficult for the sliding rod 2 to slide in the axial direction. At the same time, the elastic sleeve 3 may be damaged, thereby reducing the service life of the elastic sleeve 3.
  • the elastic sleeve 3 is a multi-layer elastic sleeve, and a positioning structure is provided on the connecting surface of any two adjacent layers of the multi-layer elastic sleeve, so that the multi-layer elastic sleeve 3 can be stacked together through the positioning structure, which is convenient.
  • the installation between the multi-layer elastic sleeves 3 enables the multi-layer elastic sleeves 3 to be quickly installed together, greatly saving time.
  • the shielding structure also includes at least one elastic blocking ring 5, which is installed at the sliding rod 2 and the mounting hole 122, and the gap between the sliding rod 2 and the mounting hole 122 is Blockage, thereby preventing the elastic sleeve 3 from extruding from the gap between the sliding rod 2 and the mounting hole 122 when the pressure of the valve chamber 140 is too high, thereby causing the elastic sleeve 3 to damage.
  • the elastic blocking ring 5 does not need to be provided.
  • the elastic blocking ring 5 at the gap between the sliding rod 2 such as the valve stem and the mounting seat such as the valve cover is preferably a hard rubber sleeve.
  • the ductility of the hard rubber sleeve is smaller than the ductility of the elastic sleeve 3, that is, the hard rubber sleeve has The pressure-bearing capacity is greater than that of the elastic sleeve 3 .
  • the hard rubber sleeve has a certain pressure-bearing capacity and is not easy to deform, it can make up for the problem that the elastic sleeve 3 has good ductility and easily flows out from the gap between the sliding rod 2 such as the valve stem and the mounting seat such as the valve cover. This ensures that the elastic sleeve 3 is not easily brought out by the sliding rod 2 during operation, thereby ensuring the reliability of the sliding seal and the smoothness of the sliding rod 2, and preventing the sliding rod 2 from being blocked by the elastic sleeve 3.
  • the other end of the elastic sleeve 3 is provided with a flange fixedly connected to the mounting base.
  • the flange is sealed and installed on the mounting base through threaded fasteners 6, thereby ensuring The medium in the valve chamber 140 cannot escape from the mounting hole 122 on the mounting seat.
  • the flange can also be sealed and installed on the mounting base through a pressing device, as long as the flange can be pressed and sealed.
  • one end of the elastic sleeve 3 is mounted on the sliding rod 2 through a plurality of tightening members 4, so that one end of the elastic sleeve 3 is sealed and installed on the sliding rod 2 to ensure that the medium in the valve cavity 140 is not blocked. It can leak from between the sliding rod 2 and the elastic sleeve 3 .
  • the contact surface between the elastic sleeve 3 and the mounting base is provided with a first concave and convex limiting structure
  • the mounting base is provided with a first matching structure corresponding to the first concave and convex limiting structure, so that the elastic sleeve can be 3 is accurately installed on the mounting seat.
  • the mounting seat and the elastic sleeve 3 are further matched, increasing the flow of the medium in the valve cavity 140 from the mounting seat to the elastic sleeve. The difficulty of outflow between sets 3.
  • the contact surface between the elastic sleeve 3 and the sliding rod 2 is provided with a second concave and convex limiting structure, and the sliding rod 2 is correspondingly provided with a second matching structure that cooperates with the second concave and convex limiting structure.
  • the elastic sleeves 3 on both sides of the second matching structure are tightened with the tightening members 4, that is, in the first
  • the two matching structures are tightened with clamping members 4 on both sides of the sliding rod 2 in the axial direction, thereby ensuring that the elastic sleeve 3 does not move in the axial direction when the sliding rod 2 moves in the axial direction.
  • the shielding structure also includes a cooling device for cooling the mounting base or sliding rod or elastic sleeve 3 .
  • the cooling device includes a cooling cavity, and the cooling cavity is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet. By passing a medium such as water into the cooling cavity, objects in the cooling cavity or in contact with the cooling cavity can be cooled.
  • the cooling cavity is arranged around the mounting base, that is, a enclosure plate is provided outside the mounting base, and the enclosure plate and the outer wall of the mounting base form an installation cavity.
  • the cooling device is a heat dissipation device such as a heat dissipation fin.
  • a first cooling medium channel 22 is provided inside the sliding rod 2 , and a first inlet and a third inlet connected to the first cooling medium channel 22 are provided on the part of the sliding rod 2 located on the other side of the mounting base.
  • An outlet allows the cooling medium to be added to the first cooling medium channel 22 through the first inlet to cool the elastic sleeve 3 outside the sliding rod 2.
  • the cooling medium can be It is discharged through the first outlet and new cooling medium is added through the first inlet to ensure the cooling effect.
  • the first cooling medium channel 22 is a U-shaped channel provided in the sliding rod 2.
  • the sliding rod 2 can be cooled by the cooling medium in the axial direction, thereby ensuring that all positions of the sliding rod 2 are can be cooled down.
  • the first hose 72 connected with the first inlet and the second hose 74 connected with the first outlet the input or discharge of the cooling medium can be facilitated.
  • a second cooling medium channel is provided inside the mounting base, and a second inlet and a second outlet connected to the second cooling medium channel are provided on the portion of the mounting base located outside the mounting hole 122, so that the second cooling medium channel can pass through the second inlet.
  • the temperature of the cooling medium in the second cooling medium channel is too high, it can be discharged through the second outlet, thereby facilitating the replacement of the cooling medium and ensuring the safety of the mounting base. Cooling effect.
  • the lubricating medium includes at least one of water, lubricating oil, molybdenum disulfide, lead powder, etc. These lubricating media have good lubrication effects and can achieve good lubrication effects.
  • the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention provides a valve, including a valve seat 1 with a valve chamber 140 disposed inside the valve seat 1 .
  • the valve seat 1 includes a mounting seat and the shielding structure provided by any embodiment of the first aspect. Since it includes the shielding structure of any embodiment of the first aspect, it has all the beneficial technical effects of the embodiment of the first aspect, which will not be described again here.
  • the valve seat 1 includes a valve body 14 and a valve cover 12 installed on the valve body 14.
  • the mounting seat is the valve cover 12.
  • the elastic sleeve 3 of the shielding structure is located in the valve body 14, so that the valve body 14 can be The medium inside acts as a shield.
  • the valve is a valve that can withstand high temperatures.
  • the valve seat 1 of this type of valve includes an elongated structure 16 (elongated valve cover or elongated valve seat).
  • the valve also includes a cooling device for cooling the elongated structure.
  • the elastic sleeve 3 is located on one side (preferably the upper side) of the elongated structure 16 .
  • the cooling device may be specifically a heat sink provided at the elongated structure 16 or a water cooling device provided corresponding to the elongated structure.
  • the water cooling device includes a water cooling cavity 8, which is surrounded by the elongated structure 16.
  • the water cooling cavity 8 is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet.
  • the cooling water can enter the water cooling cavity 8 according to the left arrow in Figure 3, and then flow out of the water cooling cavity 8 according to the right arrow in Figure 3.
  • the present invention also provides a pump, including the above shielding structure or the above valve.
  • the pump further includes a pump housing, a pump chamber is provided in the pump housing, and the pump housing includes the mounting seat.
  • the sliding rod of the shielding structure is the rotating rod of the pump, that is, the pump rod (such as the piston rod, etc.).
  • the mounting seat may specifically be a valve cover of the pump housing or a middle partition structure provided in the pump housing. That is, any structure provided with a mounting hole through which the rotating rod passes can be a mounting base, that is, wherever the rotating rod needs to be slidably sealed, the above shielding structure can be used.
  • the shielding structure in this application can be applied to the plunger pump, turning the ordinary plunger pump into a shielded plunger pump, that is, when the plunger pump is working, the Liquid will not leak.
  • the plunger pump includes: a casing; in the casing, the cylinder liner and the casing form a receiving chamber, and the cylinder liner has an installation hole connected with the receiving chamber; a piston, the piston is arranged in the receiving chamber; a piston rod , the piston rod is passed through the installation hole and connected to the piston; the elastic shielding sleeve is set on the piston rod, and the first end of the elastic shielding sleeve is connected to the cylinder liner, and the second end of the elastic shielding sleeve is connected to the piston rod connection, a shielding cavity is formed between the elastic shielding sleeve and the piston rod, and the shielding cavity is connected with the mounting hole.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be Directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be Directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
  • the terms "one embodiment,””someembodiments,””specificembodiments,” etc. mean that a particular feature, structure, material or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in the invention. in at least one embodiment or example.
  • schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same implementation. Example or instance.
  • the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

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Abstract

一种屏蔽结构、阀和泵，屏蔽结构包括：带安装孔（122）的安装座；滑动杆（2），插入安装孔（122），可沿安装孔（122）轴向滑动和/或沿周向方向转动；弹性套（3），套设安装在滑动杆（2）外，位于安装座的一侧，其一端气密性地装在滑动杆（2）上，另一端气密性地安装至安装座，并位于安装孔（122）的外侧；弹性套（3）、滑动杆（2）及安装座围成的空间内填充有润滑介质。同时，安装孔（122）处安装有硬橡胶套。

Description

一种屏蔽结构、阀和泵 技术领域
本发明涉及滑动密封领域，具体而言，涉及一种屏蔽结构、阀和泵。
背景技术
常规设计的控制阀在使用过程中，常常因为填料磨损而导致物料泄露，给企业带来损失还达不到环保要求。特别是在介质是有毒有害、有腐蚀性或易燃易爆时，因为泄露可能危害人们的生命安全。
因此，如何提出一种密封效果更好的用于阀密封的结构成为目前亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术或相关技术中存在的技术问题之一。
因此，本发明的一个目的在于提供了一种屏蔽结构。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供了一种包括上述屏蔽结构的阀。
本发明的又一个目的在于提供了一种包括上述屏蔽结构或上述阀的泵。
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案提供了一种屏蔽结构，包括：安装座，所述安装座上设置有安装孔；滑动杆，所述滑动杆插入所述安装孔，并能够沿所述安装孔的轴向方向滑动和/沿所述安装孔的周向方向转动；弹性套，套设安装在所述滑动杆外，位于所述安装座的一侧，所述弹性套的一端气密性地安装在所述滑动杆上，所述弹性套的另一端气密性地安装至所述安装座(主要是安装在安装座的内测，即与气体等接触的一侧，当然，也可以是外侧，即从外侧对安装孔进行反向密封)，并位于所述安装孔的外侧；其中，所述弹性套、所述滑动杆及所述安装座之间填充有润滑介质。
其中，弹性套为柔性件，为比较软的结构。比如，可通过弹性橡胶材质等制成。也即弹性套优先通过柔性材质制成。弹性套可以带织物也可以由不带织物的材质制成。
其中，弹性套的外侧受力时，弹性套能够将力传递至安装座和/或滑动杆，以通过安装座和/或滑动杆进行承压。即弹性套外侧受力时，能够借助安装座和/或滑动杆进行承压，以此不需要弹性套像波纹管那样承压，因此，使得弹性套的寿命更长，更不易损坏，以此解决了现有方案中通过波纹管进行密封存在的一系列问题。
更进一步地，润滑介质为形成在弹性套的内侧壁面的润滑膜，也即润滑介质在弹性套的内侧壁面形成一层比较薄的薄膜，比如油模，液膜等。具体来说，润滑介质涂抹在弹性套与滑动杆配合的面上，也即润滑介质涂抹在弹性套最内侧壁，也即弹性套最内侧壁上挂了一层较薄的润滑油等介质。以此便可通过弹性套最内侧壁上设置的润滑介质实现滑动杆与弹性套之间的隔离，使得滑动杆与弹性套之间能够形成非转动接触，以此便可减少滑动杆在转动和/或滑动时的阻力，从而减少对滑动杆的磨损。同时，该种设置，润滑介质比较少，从而也可减少摩擦，降低温升。
进一步地，所述润滑介质能够使所述滑动杆和所述弹性套和/或所述弹性套与所述安装座之间形成楔隙。其中，楔隙指的是通过气体、润滑油等物质形成的一种隔离，也即一种非接触状态。该空间非常小，一般以微米计。
进一步地，所述弹性套为多层弹性套，所述多层弹性套包括相邻设置的第一层结构和第二层结构，所述第一层结构和所述第二层结构之间设置有润滑介质。
更进一步地，任意所述第一层结构和所述第二层结构之间的润滑介质能够使第一层结构和所述第二层结构之间形成楔隙。
进一步地，所述多层弹性套的任意相邻两层结构之间均填充有润滑介质。
进一步地，所述多层弹性套的任意相邻两层结构的连接面上均设置有定位结构。
进一步地，屏蔽结构还包括：至少一个弹性阻挡圈，安装在所述滑动杆与所述安装孔处。
进一步地，所述弹性阻挡圈为硬橡胶套。
进一步地，所述弹性套的另一端(也即与安装座气密性连接的一端)设置有与所述安装座固定连接的凸缘，所述凸缘通过螺纹紧固件和/或压紧装置密封安装至所述安装座。
进一步地，所述弹性套的一端通过多个紧箍件被套设安装在所述滑动杆上。
进一步地，所述弹性套与所述安装座的接触面上设置有第一凹凸限位结构，所述安装座上对应设置有与所述第一凹凸限位结构配合的第一配合结构。
进一步地，所述弹性套与所述滑动杆的接触面上设置有第二凹凸限位结构，所述滑动杆上对应设置有与所述第二凹凸限位结构配合的第二配合结构。
进一步地，屏蔽结构还包括冷却装置，冷却装置用于对滑动杆、安装座和弹性套中的至少一个进行冷却。
在一具体方案中，冷却装置包括冷却腔，冷却腔上设置有进水口和出水口。通过向冷却腔内通入水等介质，能够对冷却腔内的或与冷却腔接触的物体进行冷却。冷却腔围设在安装座周围，也即在安装座外设置有围板，围板与安装座的外侧壁围成安装腔。
在另一具体方案中，冷却装置为散热翅片等散热装置。
进一步地，所述滑动杆的内部设置有第一冷却介质通道，所述滑动杆位于所述安装座另一侧的部位上设置有与所述第一冷却介质通道连通的第一入口和第一出口，所述第一冷却介质通道为设置在所述滑动杆内的U形通道，所述屏蔽结构还包括与所述第一入口连通的第一软管和与所述第一出口连通的第二软管。
进一步地，所述安装座的内部设置有第二冷却介质通道，所述安装座位于所述安装孔的外侧的部位上设置有与所述第二冷却介质通道连通的第二入口和第二出口。其中，安装孔的外侧和内侧是以安装孔的孔壁进行分界的，安装孔内壁靠近安装孔中心的一侧为安装孔的内侧，安装孔内壁靠外，远离安装孔中心的一侧为安装孔的外侧。其中，通过设置冷却介质通道，可以阀盖和阀杆的内部进行散热，这样就使得该屏蔽结构可以用于高温场合，以此就扩大了该结构的适用范围。冷却装置包括第二冷却介质通道和第一冷却介质通道。
进一步地，所述润滑介质包括水、润滑油、二硫化钼等中的至少一种。即润滑介质可以水、二硫化钼、铅粉、润滑油等起润滑作用的介质，当然，也可以是其他的常见的用于润滑的物质。
本发明还提供了一种阀，包括上述的屏蔽结构，和阀座，所述阀座内设置有阀腔，所述阀座包括所述安装座。而屏蔽结构的滑动杆即为阀的阀杆。当然，安装座具体可以是阀座的阀盖或者阀座内设置的中部隔层结构。即设置有供阀杆穿过的安装孔的任意结构均可以为安装座，也即只要阀杆需要滑动密封的地方，均可采用上述屏蔽结构。
进一步地，所述阀座包括阀体和安装在所述阀体上的阀盖，所述安装座为所述阀盖，所述屏蔽结构的弹性套位于所述阀体内。
本发明第三方面的技术方案提供了一种泵，包括上述屏蔽结构或上述阀。泵，包括上述屏蔽结构时，该泵还包括泵壳，所述泵壳内设置有泵腔，所述泵壳包括所述安装座。而屏蔽结构的滑动杆即为泵的转动杆。当然，安装座具体可以是泵壳的阀盖或者泵壳内设置的中部隔层结构。即设置有转动杆穿过的安装孔的任意结构均可以为安装座，也即只要转动杆需要滑动密封的地方，均可采用上述屏蔽结构。
当然，本申请中的屏蔽结构还可用于任何其他需要滑动密封的场合，而不限于泵和阀中。
根据本发明的技术方案提供的屏蔽结构、阀和泵，屏蔽结构可具体设置在阀腔内，以对阀的阀杆实现密封屏蔽。其中，该种屏蔽结构，包括安装座和滑动杆，且滑动杆穿过安装座(比如阀盖)内孔，将弹性套一端通过紧箍件勒紧在滑动杆上，使勒紧力大于介质向外泄露的压力，并固定于滑动杆外圆上并随滑动杆运动，同时，通过将弹性套的另一端设置凸缘并被压紧装置压紧在安装座一侧(比如阀盖内侧)，从而保证了阀腔等内的介质不能够从弹性套的两端跑出，也不能够从滑动杆与安装座之间的间隙跑出，从而保证了介质不泄露。当输送的介质为有害介质时，还保证了人身安全，具有显著的环保效果，同时，该种方案省去了填料结构，使得滑动杆不会与安装座之间的填料磨损，降低了滑动杆的生产和维护成本。此外，将滑动杆与阀盖等安装座设置为空心结构，使其内部可以通冷却水或冷却油对弹性套降温，从而提高了阀门等产品的整体使用温度上限。并且，弹性套是具有弹性的，滑动杆与弹性套之间设置有容纳空间，可以向间隙内填充润滑介质，设置润滑介质使得弹性套和滑动杆之间更不易粘贴，即降低了两者之间的摩擦系数，使得滑动杆在上下升降或转动时，弹性套不易粘贴到滑动杆上，从而保证了滑动杆在沿着安装孔的轴向方向滑动或转动时能够良好的运行，保证弹性套不破裂。如果不设置润滑介质，那么弹性套和滑动杆之间的摩擦系数是非常高的，可能会使得弹性套粘在滑动杆上，这样就不能够使滑动杆在弹性套内良好的运行，可能会导致弹性套损坏，因此，填充润滑介质也能够增加弹性套的寿命。
在一具体实施例中，屏蔽结构用于阀，该种阀的阀杆与阀盖等需要滑动密封的部位采用了上述屏蔽结构，确保了阀杆的滑动密封效果。当然，屏蔽结构也可用于泵，比如柱塞泵、高温柱塞泵等。
进一步地，在阀杆等滑动杆与阀盖等安装座的间隙处安有静密封的硬橡胶套，硬橡胶套的延展性小于弹性套的延展性，也即硬橡胶套的承压能力大于弹性套的承压能力。而鉴于硬橡胶套具有一定的承压能力，不易变形，因此，可以弥补弹性套延展性较好而容易从阀杆等滑动杆与阀盖等安装座之间的间隙流出的问题，以此就确保了弹性套在工作时不易被滑动杆带出，以此确保了滑动密封的可靠性以及滑动杆滑动的顺畅性，避免滑动杆被弹性套卡死阻塞。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述部分中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是本发明的实施例提供的屏蔽结构的结构示意图；
图2是为图1中A处的局部放大结构示意图；
图3为本发明的实施例提供的阀的结构示意图。
其中，图1至图3中的附图标记与部件名称之间的对应关系为：
1阀座，12阀盖，122安装孔，14阀体，140阀腔，16加长型结构，2滑动杆，22第一冷却介
质通道，3弹性套，32第一层结构，34第二层结构，4紧箍件，5弹性阻挡圈，6螺纹紧固件，72第一软管，74第二软管，8水冷腔。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本发明的上述目的、特征和优点，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明，但是，本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的方式来实施，因此，本发明的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
下面参照图1和图2来描述根据本发明一些实施例提供的屏蔽结构。
如图1和图2所示，本发明第一方面的实施例提供了一种屏蔽结构，该屏蔽结构包括安装座、滑动杆2和弹性套3。安装座可具体包括图1和图2中的阀盖12，阀盖12等安装座上设置有安装孔122，滑动杆2能够插入到安装孔122内，并沿着安装孔122的轴向方向滑动。滑动杆2外套设有弹性套3，弹性套3的一端气密性地密封安装在滑动杆2上，另一端气密性地密封安装在安装座(如阀盖12)的一侧，并位于安装孔122的外侧，可以理解为弹性套3安装在阀盖12等安装座上时，不影响滑动杆2插入到安装孔122内，从而保证了滑动杆2的正常安装。且通过将弹性套3的两端密封安装，并将一端安装在安装座上，从而保证了阀腔140内的介质不能够通过弹性套3与滑动杆2之间泄露，也不能够通过安装座上的安装孔122泄露。在滑动杆2外设置弹性套3时，滑动杆2与弹性套3之间设置有容纳空间或微小间隙，可以向间隙内填充润滑介质，填充润滑介质使得弹性套3和滑动杆2之间更不易粘贴，即降低了两者之间的摩擦系数，使得滑动杆2在上下升降时，弹性套3不易粘贴到滑动杆2上，从而保证了滑动杆2在沿着安装孔122的轴向方向滑动时能够良好的运行。如果不设置润滑介质，那么弹性套3和滑动杆2之间的摩擦系数是非常高的，可能会使得弹性套3粘在滑动杆2上，这样就不能够使滑动杆2在弹性套3内良好的运行。同时，该种结构，由于弹性套3具有较好的延展性，其能够在长度上进行伸长(一般可伸长至11倍左右)，且也能够沿周向方向进行扭转，以此使得滑动杆2既能够上下滑动，又能够沿周向进行一定的转动(旋转)，这样就使得滑动杆2在工作过程中能够更加灵活的运动，以此减缓扭转力对滑动杆2的冲击。此外，弹性套通过其内的润滑介质能够与滑动杆2和安装座之间形成间隙，以此在弹性套和滑动杆2和安装座之间形成的缓冲空间，这样当外力作用到滑动杆2和安装座时，能够被弹性套和润滑介质先缓冲掉一部分，以此可以减小作业到滑动杆2和安 装座上的力，以此提高了整个装置的承压能力。也即，该结构弹性套3能够对滑动杆2、安装座等进行部分或全部包覆，而这样弹性套3和其内的润滑介质能够对流动的介质形成一定的缓冲，以此可以避免介质流动时对滑动杆2、安装座等的硬性冲击，进而可以减缓介质流动时对滑动杆2和安装座的硬性冲击，减少了流动的介质对滑动杆2和安装座的硬性磨损，以此可以提高滑动杆2和安装座的强度，提高使用寿命。比如在该结构用于阀体时，就可以增大阀体的承压能力，使得阀体能够用于压力更大的介质的截断。进一步的，滑动杆2沿着安装孔122的周向方向也能够转动，且在转动的过程中润滑介质也能够起到润滑作用，避免了滑动杆2与弹性套3之间的阻力过大产生干摩擦，导致滑动杆2无法正常工作。
进一步的，润滑介质为设置在弹性套3的内侧壁面的隔离膜。当然，在润滑介质的流动性比较好时，润滑介质在常态时，处于集中状态，而在弹性套承压而变形贴合到滑动杆和安装座上是，润滑介质被挤压隔离在弹性套和滑动杆之间，从而形成薄膜隔离(比如油膜隔离、液膜隔离等)，以此通过该薄膜便使得弹性套和滑动杆之间、弹性套和安装座之间形成了油隙气隙等隔离，也即使得两者之间形成了楔隙。
进一步地，弹性套3远离安装座的一端与滑动杆插入安装孔内的一端部的底部连接，也即弹性套3与滑动杆2的根部连接，以此能够通过弹性套3对插入到安装孔内的整个滑动杆2进行包覆，避免滑动杆2与安装座内侧的介质直接接触，以此可以更有效地减少流动介质对滑动杆的冲击和磨损。
其中，本申请中的弹性套3的两端均能够形成密封屏蔽，因此，也叫做弹性屏蔽套。
更进一步地，为了降低流动介质对安装座的影响，可将弹性套3固定安装到安装座的边缘，以便能够对安装座的整个内表面形成包覆保护。在上述实施列中，如图1和图2所示，弹性套3为多层弹性套，多层弹性套包括相邻设置的第一层结构32和第二层结构34，第一层结构32和第二层结构34之间设置有润滑介质。通过设置多层弹性套3，能够进一步地起到屏蔽作用，本实施例以两层弹性套3作为实例，但不限于两层，如弹性套3的第一层结构32被刺破或者受损时，则弹性套3的第二层结构34依旧可以起到屏蔽的作用，从而进一步对介质起到了屏蔽的作用。同时，在弹性套3的两层结构之间也设置有润滑介质，从而也能够防止弹性套3的两层结构之间产生干摩擦，进而增大弹性套3的使用寿命。
在上述实施列中，多层弹性套的任意相邻两层结构之间均填充有润滑介质，从而也能够防止弹性套3之间产生干摩擦，这样在滑动杆2沿着安装孔122的轴向方向滑动时，也能够使弹性套3的多层结构之间不粘连在一起，从而保证滑动杆2能够正常工作。如果弹性套3的多层结构粘连在一起，这样滑动杆2在沿轴向方向滑动时会比较困难，同时，也很可能会导致弹性套3破损，进而降低弹性套3的使用寿命。
进一步地，弹性套3为多层弹性套，多层弹性套的任意相邻两层结构的连接面上均设置有定位结构，从而能够通过定位结构将多层弹性套3叠加在一起，方便了多层弹性套3之间的安装，使得多层弹性套3能够快速地安装在一起，大大节约了时间。
在上述实施列中，如图1和图2所示，屏蔽结构还包括至少一个弹性阻挡圈5，并安装在滑动杆2与安装孔122处，将滑动杆2与安装孔122之间的间隙堵住，从而当阀腔140压力过大时，防止弹性套3会从滑动杆2与安装孔122之间的间隙挤出来，进而导致弹性套3的 损坏。当然，在阀腔140内的压力不是很高时，弹性套3也不会从滑动杆2与安装孔122之间的间隙挤出，因此也可以不设置弹性阻挡圈5。
进一步地，在阀杆等滑动杆2与阀盖等安装座的间隙处的弹性阻挡圈5优选为硬橡胶套，硬橡胶套的延展性小于弹性套3的延展性，也即硬橡胶套的承压能力大于弹性套3的承压能力。而鉴于硬橡胶套具有一定的承压能力，不易变形，因此，可以弥补弹性套3延展性较好而容易从阀杆等滑动杆2与阀盖等安装座之间的间隙流出的问题，以此就确保了弹性套3在工作时不易被滑动杆2带出，以此确保了滑动密封的可靠性以及滑动杆2滑动的顺畅性，避免滑动杆2被弹性套3卡死阻塞。
在上述实施例中，如图1和图2所示，弹性套3的另一端设置有与安装座固定连接的凸缘，凸缘通过螺纹紧固件6密封安装在安装座上，从而保证了阀腔140内的介质不能够从安装座上的安装孔122跑出。其中，凸缘也可以通过压紧装置密封安装在安装座上，只要能够对凸缘压紧密封即可。
在上述实施例中，弹性套3的一端通过多个紧箍件4被套设安装在滑动杆2上，从而将弹性套3的一端密封安装在滑动杆2上，保证阀腔140内的介质不能够从滑动杆2与弹性套3之间泄露。
在上述实施例中，弹性套3与安装座的接触面上设置有第一凹凸限位结构，安装座上对应设置有与第一凹凸限位结构配合的第一配合结构，从而能够将弹性套3精准地安装在安装座上，同时，通过设置第一凹凸限位结构和第一配合结构，也使得安装座与弹性套3更近一步配合，增加了阀腔140内介质从安装座与弹性套3之间流出的难度。
在上述实施例中，弹性套3与滑动杆2的接触面上设置有第二凹凸限位结构，滑动杆2上对应设置有与第二凹凸限位结构配合的第二配合结构。通过设置第二凹凸限位结构和第二配合结构，使得弹性套3安装在滑动杆2上时，通过将第二配合结构两侧的弹性套3用紧箍件4箍紧，也就是在第二配合结构处沿滑动杆2轴向方向的两侧用紧箍件4箍紧，从而能够保证滑动杆2在沿轴向方向运动时，弹性套3在轴向方向上不发生串动。
在上述任一实施例中，屏蔽结构，还包括冷却装置，用于对安装座或滑动杆或弹性套3进行冷却。
在一具体方案中，冷却装置包括冷却腔，冷却腔上设置有进水口和出水口。通过向冷却腔内通入水等介质，能够对冷却腔内的或与冷却腔接触的物体进行冷却。冷却腔围设在安装座周围，也即在安装座外设置有围板，围板与安装座的外侧壁围成安装腔。
在另一具体方案中，冷却装置为散热翅片等散热装置。
在上述任一实施例中，滑动杆2的内部设置有第一冷却介质通道22，滑动杆2位于安装座另一侧的部位上设置有与第一冷却介质通道22连通的第一入口和第一出口，从而能够通过第一入口向第一冷却介质通道22添加冷却介质，对滑动杆2外套设的弹性套3进行降温，当第一冷却介质通道22内的冷却介质温度过高时，可以通过第一出口排出，并通过第一入口添加新的冷却介质，以此保证降温效果。其中，第一冷却介质通道22为设置在滑动杆2内的U形通道，通过设置U型通道，能够使滑动杆2轴向方向上都能够被冷却介质冷却到，从而保证滑动杆2所有位置都能够被降温。同时，通过设置与第一入口连通的第一软管72和与第一出口连通的第二软管74，能够方便冷却介质的输入或排出。
进一步地，安装座的内部设置有第二冷却介质通道，安装座位于安装孔122的外侧的部位上设置有与第二冷却介质通道连通的第二入口和第二出口，从而能够通过第二入口向第二冷却介质通道添加冷却介质，从而对安装座进行降温，当第二冷却介质通道内的冷却介质温度过高时，可以通过第二出口排出，从而便于更换冷却介质，保证对安装座的冷却效果。
在上述任一实施例中，润滑介质包括水、润滑油、二硫化钼、铅粉等中的至少一种。这几种润滑介质的润滑效果好，能够起到良好的润滑效果。
本发明第二方面的实施例提供了一种阀，包括阀座1，阀座1内设置有阀腔140。阀座1包括安装座，和第一方面任一实施例所提供的屏蔽结构。由于其包括第一方面任一实施例的屏蔽结构，因此，其具有第一方面实施例的全部有益技术效果，在此不再赘述。
在上述实施例中，阀座1包括阀体14和安装在阀体14上的阀盖12，安装座为阀盖12，屏蔽结构的弹性套3位于阀体14内，从而能够对阀体14内的介质起到屏蔽的作用。
在一具体实施中，如图3所示，阀为能够耐高温的阀门。该种阀的阀座1包括加长型结构16(加长型阀盖或加长型阀座)。该种阀还包括冷却装置，用于对加长型结构进行冷却。进一步地，如图3所示，弹性套3位于加长型结构16的一侧(优先为上方)。
冷却装置可具体为设置在加长型结构16处的散热片或者对应加长型结构设置的水冷装置。具体而言，如图3所示，水冷装置包括水冷腔8，围设在加长型结构16的周围，水冷腔8上设置有进水口和出水口。在图3中，冷却水可按照图3中的左侧箭头进入水冷腔8，然后按照图3中的右侧箭头流出水冷腔8。
本发明还提供了一种泵，包括上述屏蔽结构或上述阀。
进一步地，该泵还包括泵壳，所述泵壳内设置有泵腔，所述泵壳包括所述安装座。而屏蔽结构的滑动杆即为泵的转动杆，也即泵杆(比如活塞杆等)。当然，安装座具体可以是泵壳的阀盖或者泵壳内设置的中部隔层结构。即设置有转动杆穿过的安装孔的任意结构均可以为安装座，也即只要转动杆需要滑动密封的地方，均可采用上述屏蔽结构。
进一步地，上述泵为柱塞泵，即可将本申请中的屏蔽结构应用到柱塞泵上，使普通柱塞泵变成屏蔽柱塞泵，即柱塞泵工作时，其泵腔内的液体不会泄漏。
在一个具体实施例中，柱塞泵包括：壳体；壳体内，缸套与壳体围成容纳腔，缸套具有与容纳腔连通的安装孔；活塞，活塞设置在容纳腔内；活塞杆，活塞杆穿设在安装孔处并与活塞连接；弹性屏蔽套，弹性屏蔽套套设在活塞杆上，且弹性屏蔽套的第一端与缸套连接，弹性屏蔽套的第二端与活塞杆连接，弹性屏蔽套和活塞杆之间形成屏蔽腔，屏蔽腔与安装孔连通。本发明解决了现有技术中的柱塞泵的工作容腔内的液体容易泄漏，从而影响柱塞泵的正常运行的问题。
在本说明书的描述中，术语“连接”、“安装”、“固定”等均应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本说明书的描述中，术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“具体实施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施 例或实例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种屏蔽结构，其特征在于，包括：
    安装座，所述安装座上设置有安装孔；
    滑动杆，所述滑动杆插入所述安装孔，并能够沿所述安装孔的轴向方向滑动和/沿所述安装孔的周向方向转动；
    弹性套，套设安装在所述滑动杆外，位于所述安装座的一侧，所述弹性套的一端气密性地安装在所述滑动杆上，所述弹性套的另一端气密性地安装至所述安装座，并位于所述安装孔的外侧；
    其中，所述弹性套、所述滑动杆及所述安装座之间填充有润滑介质。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的屏蔽结构，其特征在于，
    所述润滑介质能够使所述滑动杆和所述弹性套和/或所述弹性套与所述安装座之间形成楔隙；或
    所述润滑介质为形成在所述弹性套的内侧壁面的润滑膜。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的屏蔽结构，其特征在于，
    所述弹性套为多层弹性套，所述多层弹性套包括相邻设置的第一层结构和第二层结构，所述第一层结构和所述第二层结构之间设置有润滑介质。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的屏蔽结构，其特征在于，
    所述第一层结构和所述第二层结构之间的润滑介质能够使所述第一层结构和所述第二层结构之间形成楔隙；和/或
    所述多层弹性套的任意相邻两层结构之间均填充有润滑介质；和/或
    所述多层弹性套的任意相邻两层结构的连接面上均设置有定位结构。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的屏蔽结构，其特征在于，还包括：
    至少一个弹性阻挡圈，安装在所述滑动杆与所述安装孔处。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的屏蔽结构，其特征在于，还包括：
    冷却装置，用于对所述安装座或所述滑动杆或所述弹性套进行冷却；
    所述滑动杆的内部设置有第一冷却介质通道，所述滑动杆位于所述安装座另一侧的部位上设置有与所述第一冷却介质通道连通的第一入口和第一出口，所述第一冷却介质通道为设置在所述滑动杆内的U形通道，所述屏蔽结构还包括与所述第一入口连通的第一软管和与所述第一出口连通的第二软管；和/或
    所述安装座的内部设置有第二冷却介质通道，所述安装座位于所述安装孔的外侧的部位上设置有与所述第二冷却介质通道连通的第二入口和第二出口。
  7. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的屏蔽结构，其特征在于，
    所述润滑介质包括水、润滑油、二硫化钼、铅粉中的至少一种。
  8. 一种阀，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的屏蔽结构；和
    阀座，所述阀座内设置有阀腔，所述阀座包括所述安装座。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的阀，其特征在于，
    所述阀座包括阀体和安装在所述阀体上的阀盖，所述安装座为所述阀盖，所述屏蔽结构的弹性套位于所述阀体内。
  10. 一种泵，其特征在于，包括：如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的屏蔽结构或如权利要求8或权利要求9所述的阀。
PCT/CN2023/080435 2022-03-11 2023-03-09 一种屏蔽结构、阀和泵 WO2023169504A1 (zh)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101886719A (zh) * 2010-07-05 2010-11-17 曾沂水 弹性管密封阀
US20110062672A1 (en) * 2009-09-17 2011-03-17 Baumann Hans D Tubular shaft seal
CN206246706U (zh) * 2016-12-05 2017-06-13 耐氟隆阀业有限公司 一种稳定便于润滑式衬氟闸阀
CN110454611A (zh) * 2018-09-04 2019-11-15 沈阳耐蚀合金泵股份有限公司 阀门、泵
CN111503279A (zh) * 2020-05-18 2020-08-07 湖北万测试验设备有限公司 一种耐高温开关阀装置
CN217502771U (zh) * 2022-03-11 2022-09-27 沈阳耐蚀合金泵股份有限公司 一种屏蔽结构、阀和泵

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110062672A1 (en) * 2009-09-17 2011-03-17 Baumann Hans D Tubular shaft seal
CN101886719A (zh) * 2010-07-05 2010-11-17 曾沂水 弹性管密封阀
CN206246706U (zh) * 2016-12-05 2017-06-13 耐氟隆阀业有限公司 一种稳定便于润滑式衬氟闸阀
CN110454611A (zh) * 2018-09-04 2019-11-15 沈阳耐蚀合金泵股份有限公司 阀门、泵
CN111503279A (zh) * 2020-05-18 2020-08-07 湖北万测试验设备有限公司 一种耐高温开关阀装置
CN217502771U (zh) * 2022-03-11 2022-09-27 沈阳耐蚀合金泵股份有限公司 一种屏蔽结构、阀和泵

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