WO2023162184A1 - 無線通信方法、分散アンテナシステム及び無線通信装置 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
- H04B7/024—Co-operative use of antennas of several sites, e.g. in co-ordinated multipoint or co-operative multiple-input multiple-output [MIMO] systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
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- the present invention relates to a wireless communication method, a distributed antenna system, and a wireless communication device.
- the high frequency band of the millimeter wave band is used.
- Future communication systems such as 6G, which has evolved further from 5G, are expected to use a higher frequency band than 5G, which can secure a wider bandwidth, in order to achieve further speed and capacity.
- High frequency bands are known to have large propagation loss and high straightness, and distributed antenna systems are being studied to improve connectivity in covering communication areas (for example, Non-Patent Document 1 and 2).
- a distributed antenna system multiple distributed antennas are used to perform SU-MIMO (Single User Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output) and MU-MIMO (Multi-User MIMO) to improve frequency utilization efficiency. Communication capacity and throughput can be improved.
- SU-MIMO Single User Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output
- MU-MIMO Multi-User MIMO
- Communication capacity and throughput can be improved.
- CSI Channel State Information
- UE User Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output
- BS Base Station
- Collecting CSI between all distributed antennas and each terminal station in order to suppress inter-stream interference by precoding and postcoding in a distributed antenna system requires bandwidth and processing between distributed antennas and base stations. This is undesirable in terms of load increase and communication efficiency. This is more pronounced as the number of distributed antennas increases. Furthermore, when the number of streams for simultaneous communication increases, the probability that the desired signal component is also suppressed by interference suppression control by precoding or postcoding increases, which may lead to a decrease in communication capacity.
- the present invention provides a technique that can efficiently reduce interference that affects communication capacity while reducing the amount of spatial multiplexing control under conditions where spatial multiplexing transmission is performed in a distributed antenna system. It is an object.
- One aspect of the present invention is a wireless communication method in a distributed antenna system comprising a base station and a plurality of antennas that communicate with one or more terminal stations by spatial multiplexing under the control of the base station, Channels obtained between a plurality of antennas of a candidate terminal station to perform communication by spatial multiplexing using two or more of the plurality of antennas and the two or more antennas used for the spatial multiplexing
- a partial weight matrix is calculated for each of the candidate terminal stations based on the information, the transmission signal for each of the candidate terminal stations is multiplied by the calculated partial weight matrix for each of the candidate terminal stations, and a partial weight matrix for each of the candidate terminal stations is obtained.
- One aspect of the present invention is a distributed antenna system comprising a base station and a plurality of antennas that communicate with one or more terminal stations by spatial multiplexing under the control of the base station, wherein the base station: obtained between a plurality of antennas of a candidate terminal station to perform communication by spatial multiplexing using two or more of the plurality of antennas and the two or more antennas used for the spatial multiplexing a precoding unit that calculates a partial weight matrix for each candidate terminal station based on channel information, and multiplies a transmission signal for each candidate terminal station by the calculated partial weight matrix for each candidate terminal station;
- the plurality of antennas is a distributed antenna system that transmits a transmission signal for each candidate terminal station multiplied by the partial weight matrix for each candidate terminal station to each candidate terminal station.
- One aspect of the present invention is a wireless communication device comprising a base station and a plurality of antennas that communicate with one or more terminal stations by spatial multiplexing under control of the base station, wherein the plurality of antennas based on channel information acquired between a plurality of antennas of a candidate terminal station to perform communication by spatial multiplexing using two or more of the antennas and the two or more antennas used for the spatial multiplexing a precoding unit that calculates a partial weight matrix for each candidate terminal station that performs communication by spatial multiplexing, and multiplies a transmission signal for each candidate terminal station by the calculated partial weight matrix for each candidate terminal station,
- the plurality of antennas is a wireless communication device that transmits to each candidate terminal station a transmission signal for each candidate terminal station multiplied by a partial weight matrix for each candidate terminal station.
- the present invention under conditions where spatial multiplexing transmission is performed in a distributed antenna system, it is possible to efficiently reduce interference that affects communication capacity while reducing the control amount of spatial multiplexing.
- closed partial precoding is performed between antennas with large inter-stream interference (for example, streams to the same terminal station).
- partial precoding closed between antennas with large inter-stream interference means performing precoding for each stream to the same terminal station with large inter-stream interference. That is, precoding is performed for each terminal station.
- weights used for MIMO spatial separation processing can be calculated by closing the weights between streams in the same terminal station that are greatly affected by interference, thereby simplifying control and stabilizing communication capacity.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a distributed antenna system 100 according to this embodiment.
- a distributed antenna system 100 includes a base station 10 and multiple antennas 20 .
- the base station 10 and the plurality of antennas 20 are connected by optical transmission lines. Communication between the base station 10 and the plurality of antennas 20 is performed by RoF (Radio over Fiber), for example.
- the base station 10 and multiple antennas 20 are one aspect of a wireless communication device.
- the multiple antennas 20 are installed on the ceiling within the building BL and communicate with multiple terminal stations 30-1 to 30-4 located within the building BL.
- multiple antennas 20 are spaced apart from each other as shown in FIG. Note that the numbers of antennas 20 and terminal stations 30 are not limited to the numbers shown in FIG.
- the base station 10 controls each distributed antenna 20 through centralized control. By controlling each antenna 20, the base station 10 realizes communication by SU-MIMO and MU-MIMO. Specifically, the base station 10 performs SU-MIMO by simultaneously transmitting multiple streams from multiple antennas 20 to a single terminal station 30, and simultaneously transmits multiple streams from multiple antennas 20 to multiple terminal stations 30. MU-MIMO is performed by transmitting to
- the maximum number of streams that can be communicated simultaneously is determined by the maximum number of SU-MIMO layers and the maximum number of MU-MIMO layers.
- the base station 10 may simultaneously use all the distributed antennas 20 for communication or may use only some of the antennas 20 .
- the base station 10 allocates a plurality of antennas 20 for communication to each terminal station 30 .
- the antennas 20 shown in group Gr1 are assigned as antennas to communicate with the terminal station 30-1, and the antennas 20 shown in group Gr2 are antennas to communicate with the terminal station 30-2.
- the antennas 20 shown in group Gr3 are assigned as antennas to communicate with the terminal station 30-3, and the antennas 20 shown in group Gr4 are assigned as antennas to communicate with the terminal station 30-4.
- An example is shown.
- Each antenna 20 communicates with the terminal station 30.
- Each antenna 20 includes, for example, a plurality of array elements arranged two-dimensionally.
- the antenna 20 communicates with the terminal station 30, which is the object of communication, by performing beamforming with a plurality of array elements in order to secure gain in a high frequency band.
- Each terminal station 30 is equipped with one or more antennas and communicates with each antenna 20 .
- a terminal station 30 equipped with a plurality of antennas performs SU-MIMO communication with the antenna 20 .
- the terminal station 30 may perform beamforming.
- the partial precoding performed by the base station 10 will be described by taking communication (downlink) from the base station 10 to the terminal station 30 as an example.
- N t be the total number of transmitting antennas for simultaneous transmission on the base station 10 side by SU-MIMO and MU-MIMO
- N r be the total number of receiving antennas on the side of the terminal station 30 including a plurality of terminal stations 30, then the channel matrix is It can be expressed as in the following formula (1).
- the weight matrix W and the signal vector s can be expressed as in Equation (2) below.
- N UE represents the number of terminal stations 30 that simultaneously communicate with the base station 10 by MU-MIMO.
- the precoding weight matrix W is a matrix in which N UE partial weight matrices are arranged diagonally.
- This partial weight matrix is a weight matrix calculated for each terminal station 30 using a closed channel matrix between transmitting and receiving antennas assigned to the same terminal station 30 . Therefore, the partial weight matrix only considers interference between streams assigned to the same terminal station 30 and does not consider interference with streams assigned to other terminal stations 30 .
- the partial weight matrix W n of the n-th terminal station 30 uses the channel matrix H n between the antenna 20 that performs stream transmission to the terminal station 30 and the antenna of the terminal station 30. is represented by, for example, the following equation (3).
- Formula (3) is a precoding weight based on the ZF (Zero Forcing) norm.
- Other weight generation criteria such as Maximum Ratio Combining Transmission (MRT), Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) criteria, etc. may be used to calculate the precoding weights, or codebook-based weight selection may be used. may be done.
- MRT Maximum Ratio Combining Transmission
- MMSE Minimum Mean Square Error
- the partial weight matrix W n shown in Equation (3) does not consider interference with streams assigned to other terminal stations 30, so interference from streams for other terminal stations 30 occurs. Assuming that beamforming is performed using a plurality of elements to secure gain in a high frequency band, interference from streams directed to other terminal stations 30 can be expected to be relatively small due to beam directivity.
- the partial weight matrix Wn is calculated for each terminal station 30, and the transmission signal is multiplied by the calculated partial weight matrix Wn , so that between antennas with large inter-stream interference, Do closed partial precoding.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the base station 10 in this embodiment. Note that FIG. 2 shows only the configuration related to the partial precoding process, which is a feature of the present invention.
- the base station 10 includes a terminal station extraction unit 11 , an allocation unit 12 , a precoding unit 13 and a photoelectric conversion unit 14 .
- the terminal station extraction unit 11 extracts terminal stations 30 (hereinafter referred to as "candidate terminal stations") that are candidates for spatial multiplexing by MU-MIMO.
- the method of extracting candidate terminal stations includes a method of selecting candidate terminal stations based on indicators such as RI (Rank Indicator), a method of selecting candidate terminal stations based on PF (Proportional fair) criteria, and a method of selecting candidate terminal stations based on the received power Either a method of selecting candidate terminal stations based on the above, or a method of selecting terminal stations 30 such that interference between terminal stations 30 is reduced depending on the positional relationship or the like may be used.
- a method of selecting candidate terminal stations based on received power includes a method of checking the received power of each terminal station 30 and selecting terminal stations 30 in descending order of received power, and selecting terminal stations 30 with similar received power. and the like.
- the allocation unit 12 determines the allocation of the antenna 20 that communicates with the candidate terminal station and the number of SU-MIMO layers.
- the allocation of antennas 20 and the number of SU-MIMO layers may be determined by round-robin allocation with respect to the capabilities of the base station 10, or may be determined based on indicators such as RI and received power.
- the precoding unit 13 calculates a partial weight matrix Wn for each terminal station 30-n that performs SU-MIMO.
- the precoding unit 13 multiplies the transmission signal to be transmitted to the terminal station 30-n by the calculated partial weight matrix Wn .
- CSI obtained between the antenna of the candidate terminal station and the antenna 20 assigned to the candidate terminal station is used for the calculation of the partial weight matrix Wn in precoding section 13 . That is, the precoding unit 13 calculates a partial weight matrix Wn closed to each candidate terminal station.
- the precoding unit 13 performs A partial weight matrix W1 is calculated based on the acquired CSI, and a partial weight matrix is calculated based on the CSI acquired between the antenna of the terminal station 30-2 and the antenna 20 assigned to the terminal station 30-2. Calculate W2 .
- the photoelectric conversion unit 14 converts each transmission signal multiplied by the partial weight matrix Wn for each terminal station 30 by the precoding unit 13 into an optical signal and transmits the optical signal to the antenna 20 .
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the flow of processing performed by the base station 10 in this embodiment.
- the terminal station extraction unit 11 extracts candidate terminal stations (step S101). In the following description, the number of candidate terminal stations extracted by the terminal station extracting section 11 is referred to as the number of spatially multiplexed terminal stations.
- the allocation unit 12 determines the allocation of the antennas 20 and the number of SU-MIMO layers for each extracted candidate terminal station (step S102). Through this process, one or more antennas 20 are assigned to each candidate terminal station, and the number of streams between the assigned antenna 20 and the candidate terminal station is determined.
- Allocation section 12 outputs to precoding section 13 identification information of antenna 20 allocated to each determined candidate terminal station and information on the number of SU-MIMO layers.
- a candidate terminal station that performs SU-MIMO has two or more streams, and a candidate terminal station that does not perform SU-MIMO has one stream. Note that the process of step S102 may be performed together with the scheduling for extracting candidate terminal stations in step S101.
- the precoding unit 13 assigns a number to each candidate terminal station. For example, the precoding unit 13 sequentially assigns a number starting from 1 as a candidate terminal station number to each candidate terminal station. The precoding unit 13 substitutes 1 for the candidate terminal station number n (step S103). The precoding unit 13 determines whether or not the number of streams of the n-th candidate terminal station is greater than 1 (step S104). If the number of streams is greater than 1, the terminal station 30 performs SU-MIMO.
- the precoding unit 13 refers to information on the number of SU-MIMO layers corresponding to the first candidate terminal station among the information output from the allocation unit 12. , determines whether the number of streams of the first candidate terminal station is greater than one.
- precoding unit 13 determines that the number of streams of the n-th candidate terminal station is greater than 1 (step S104-YES)
- the antenna of the n-th candidate terminal station and the information output from the allocation unit 12 and the antenna 20 assigned to the n-th candidate terminal station.
- precoding section 13 performs partial processing based on the CSI between the antenna of the first candidate terminal station and the antenna 20 allocated to the first candidate terminal station among the information output from allocation section 12. Calculate the weight matrix W1 .
- the precoding unit 13 multiplies the transmission signal corresponding to the antenna 20 assigned to the nth candidate terminal station by the calculated partial weight matrix Wn (step S105). After that, the precoding unit 13 adds 1 to n (step S106).
- the precoding unit 13 determines whether or not the value of n is greater than the number of spatial multiplexing terminal stations (step S107). If the precoding unit 13 determines that the value of n is equal to or less than the number of spatially multiplexed terminal stations (step S107-NO), it executes the process of step S104.
- the precoding unit 13 determines that the value of n is greater than the number of spatially multiplexed terminal stations (step S107-YES)
- the precoding unit 13 multiplies by the partial weight matrix W n for each candidate terminal station.
- Each transmission signal is output to the photoelectric conversion unit 14 .
- the photoelectric conversion unit 14 converts each transmission signal multiplied by the partial weight matrix Wn for each candidate terminal station output from the precoding unit 13 into an optical signal and transmits the optical signal to each antenna 20, thereby performing spatial multiplexing transmission.
- Each antenna 20 converts an optical signal output from the base station 10 into an electrical signal, then converts it into a radio signal, and performs spatial multiplexing transmission to candidate terminal stations.
- step S104 when the precoding unit 13 determines that the number of streams of the n-th candidate terminal station is 1 (step S104-NO), the precoding unit 13 performs the process of step S0106.
- the communication capacity is greatly affected. Stable communication capacity can be achieved by efficiently reducing the interference that causes
- a modification of the distributed antenna system 100 will be described.
- Modification 1 In the above embodiment, the downlink configuration from the base station 10 to the terminal station 30 is shown, but the above processing in the distributed antenna system 100 can also be applied to the uplink from the terminal station 30 to the base station 10. be.
- the distributed antenna system 100 performs SU-MIMO by simultaneously transmitting multiple streams from a single terminal station 30 to multiple antennas 20, and simultaneously transmits multiple streams from multiple terminal stations 30 to multiple antennas.
- MU-MIMO may be performed by
- the partial weight matrix Wn for the terminal station 30 is calculated based on the following equation (4).
- Modification 2 In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the base station 10 and the plurality of antennas 20 are connected by optical transmission lines is shown. may be connected by a transmission line that conducts electricity. When configured in this manner, communication between the base station 10 and the plurality of antennas 20 is via electrical signals. Therefore, the base station 10 does not include the photoelectric conversion unit 14, and transmits each transmission signal multiplied by the partial weight matrix Wn for each terminal station 30 by the precoding unit 13 to the antenna 20 as an electric signal.
- the antenna 20 is assigned to each extracted candidate terminal station.
- antenna selection may be reversed. Normally, it is assumed that the candidate terminal station is already connected to one of the antennas 20 (sub-arrays). Therefore, first, the allocation unit 12 allocates the antenna 20 to each candidate terminal station, and then the terminal station extraction unit 11 extracts the candidate terminal station to which the antenna 20 has been allocated. For example, the allocation unit 12 may allocate the antennas 20 already connected to the candidate terminal stations as they are, or may change them. Allocation section 12 determines the number of SU-MIMO layers when allocating antennas 20 or after candidate terminal stations are extracted. Subsequent processing (for example, processing after step S103) is the same as in the embodiment described above.
- the present invention can be applied to wireless communication systems using MIMO.
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Abstract
Description
(概要)
本実施形態における分散アンテナシステム100では、ストリーム間干渉の大きいアンテナ間(例えば、同一の端末局へのストリーム等)に閉じた部分プリコーディングを行う。本実施形態において、ストリーム間干渉の大きいアンテナ間に閉じた部分プリコーディングとは、ストリーム間干渉が大きくなる同一の端末局へのストリーム毎にプリコーディングを行うことを意味する。すなわち、端末局毎にプリコーディングを行うことになる。
以下、上記の処理を実現するための具体的な構成について説明する。
端末局抽出部11は、候補端末局を抽出する(ステップS101)。以下の説明では、端末局抽出部11により抽出された候補端末局の数を空間多重端末局数という。割当部12は、抽出した候補端末局毎に、アンテナ20の割り当てと、SU-MIMO layer数とを決定する(ステップS102)。この処理により、候補端末局毎に、1以上のアンテナ20が割り当てられ、割り当てられたアンテナ20と候補端末局との間のストリーム数が決定される。割当部12は、決定した候補端末局毎の割り当てたアンテナ20の識別情報と、SU-MIMO layer数の情報とをプリコーディング部13に出力する。
(変形例1)
上記の実施形態では、基地局10から端末局30へのダウンリンクにおける構成を示したが、分散アンテナシステム100における上記の処理は、端末局30から基地局10へのアップリンクにおいても適用可能である。例えば、分散アンテナシステム100は、単一の端末局30から複数のアンテナ20に同時に複数ストリームを送信することでSU-MIMOを行い、複数の端末局30から同時に複数ストリームを複数のアンテナに送信することでMU-MIMOを行ってもよい。
上述した実施形態では、基地局10と、複数のアンテナ20との間が、光伝送路で接続される構成を示したが、基地局10と、複数のアンテナ20との間は、同軸ケーブル等のように電気を通す伝送路で接続されてもよい。このように構成される場合、基地局10と、複数のアンテナ20との間の通信は、電気信号を介して行われる。そのため、基地局10は、光電変換部14を備えず、プリコーディング部13により端末局30毎の部分ウェイト行列Wnが乗算された各送信信号を電気信号のままアンテナ20に対して伝送する。
上述した実施形態では、スケジューリングによって候補端末局を抽出した後に、抽出した候補端末局毎にアンテナ20を割り当てる構成を示したが、端末局の選択(スケジューリング)とアンテナ20の割り当て(端末局の接続アンテナ選択)は順番が逆であってもよい。通常、候補端末局がいずれかのアンテナ20(サブアレー)と既に接続している場合も想定される。そこで、まず割当部12が、各候補端末局にアンテナ20の割り当てを行った後、端末局抽出部11がアンテナ20の割り当てが行われた候補端末局を抽出する。例えば、割当部12は、候補端末局と既に接続されているアンテナ20については、そのまま割り当ててもよいし、変更してもよい。割当部12は、アンテナ20の割り当て時、又は、候補端末局の抽出が行われた後に、SU-MIMO layer数を決定する。その後の処理(例えば、ステップS103以降の処理)は、上述した実施形態と同様である。
Claims (4)
- 基地局と、前記基地局の制御に応じて空間多重により1台以上の端末局と通信を行う複数のアンテナとを備える分散アンテナシステムにおける無線通信方法であって、
前記基地局は、前記複数のアンテナのうち2つ以上のアンテナを用いて空間多重による通信を行う対象となる候補端末局の複数のアンテナと、前記空間多重に用いる前記2つ以上のアンテナとの間で取得されたチャネル情報に基づいて部分ウェイト行列を、前記候補端末局毎に算出し、
算出した前記候補端末局毎の部分ウェイト行列を、前記候補端末局毎の送信信号に乗算するプリコーディング部を備え、
前記複数のアンテナは、前記候補端末局毎の部分ウェイト行列が乗算された前記候補端末局毎の送信信号を各候補端末局に送信する、
無線通信方法。 - 前記基地局は、
前記空間多重に用いるアンテナ数を前記候補端末局毎に決定し、
前記候補端末局の複数のアンテナのうち決定した数のアンテナと、前記候補端末局に割り当てられた前記複数のアンテナのうち決定した数のアンテナとの間の前記チャネル情報に基づいて、前記部分ウェイト行列を前記候補端末局毎に生成する、
請求項1に記載の無線通信方法。 - 基地局と、前記基地局の制御に応じて空間多重により1台以上の端末局と通信を行う複数のアンテナとを備える分散アンテナシステムであって、
前記基地局は、前記複数のアンテナのうち2つ以上のアンテナを用いて空間多重による通信を行う対象となる候補端末局の複数のアンテナと、前記空間多重に用いる前記2つ以上のアンテナとの間で取得されたチャネル情報に基づいて部分ウェイト行列を、前記候補端末局毎に算出し、算出した前記候補端末局毎の部分ウェイト行列を、前記候補端末局毎の送信信号に乗算するプリコーディング部を備え、
前記複数のアンテナは、
前記候補端末局毎の部分ウェイト行列が乗算された前記候補端末局毎の送信信号を各候補端末局に送信する、
分散アンテナシステム。 - 基地局と、前記基地局の制御に応じて空間多重により1台以上の端末局と通信を行う複数のアンテナとを備える無線通信装置であって、
前記複数のアンテナのうち2つ以上のアンテナを用いて空間多重による通信を行う対象となる候補端末局の複数のアンテナと、前記空間多重に用いる前記2つ以上のアンテナとの間で取得されたチャネル情報に基づいて部分ウェイト行列を、前記空間多重による通信を行う候補端末局毎に算出し、算出した前記候補端末局毎の部分ウェイト行列を、前記候補端末局毎の送信信号に乗算するプリコーディング部を備え、
前記複数のアンテナは、
前記候補端末局毎の部分ウェイト行列が乗算された前記候補端末局毎の送信信号を各候補端末局に送信する、
無線通信装置。
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