WO2023160537A1 - 一种多通阀 - Google Patents

一种多通阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023160537A1
WO2023160537A1 PCT/CN2023/077395 CN2023077395W WO2023160537A1 WO 2023160537 A1 WO2023160537 A1 WO 2023160537A1 CN 2023077395 W CN2023077395 W CN 2023077395W WO 2023160537 A1 WO2023160537 A1 WO 2023160537A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow channel
valve
valve core
spool
way valve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/077395
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
雷从哲
张波
Original Assignee
海力达汽车科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202210167199.1A external-priority patent/CN114635991B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210165689.8A external-priority patent/CN114636003A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202220950244.6U external-priority patent/CN218000495U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210432713.XA external-priority patent/CN114673806B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202221708896.5U external-priority patent/CN217898850U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202221706280.4U external-priority patent/CN217815063U/zh
Application filed by 海力达汽车科技有限公司 filed Critical 海力达汽车科技有限公司
Publication of WO2023160537A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023160537A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/072—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted closure members
    • F16K11/074—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted closure members with flat sealing faces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K3/00—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing
    • F16K3/02—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor
    • F16K3/04—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor with pivoted closure members
    • F16K3/06—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor with pivoted closure members in the form of closure plates arranged between supply and discharge passages
    • F16K3/08—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor with pivoted closure members in the form of closure plates arranged between supply and discharge passages with circular plates rotatable around their centres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-way valve.
  • valves In the thermal management application of new energy vehicles, for the application of water valves, butterfly valves, ball valves, column valves and other designs are mostly used.
  • the fluid flow direction of the valve is mainly controlled by the spool, and the arrangement of the flow channel is irregular, which leads to the confusion of the pipe arrangement and the installation of other components such as the actuator, and the valve body needs to be designed according to the spool, resulting in the valve poor applicability.
  • an existing method is to use a disc valve, and integrate all the flow ports of the disc valve on one side of the valve body, which is convenient for the pipe arrangement of the counterpart and the design of the flow channel.
  • the problem is that after the fluid passes through the spool, the spool is under pressure on one side and the force is uneven, which easily leads to excessive local friction of the spool or seal, which is easy to wear, or fluid leakage due to the inclination of the spool.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-way valve to solve the problem that the spool of the existing disc valve is subjected to uneven pressure and causes the spool to be inclined and worn.
  • the present invention provides a multi-way valve, the multi-way valve includes a valve body and a valve core, the valve core is rotatably arranged in the valve body, and the valve core includes a first valve core and a valve core.
  • the second spool, the first spool and the second spool are provided with a spool flow channel, and one end of the valve body is provided with the first spool and the second spool respectively.
  • the flow channel port where the flow channel of the spool is connected.
  • valve core flow channel openings in the first valve core and the second valve core on the contrary.
  • first valve core and the second valve core are arranged symmetrically along a plane perpendicular to the axis of the valve core.
  • the axial projections of the valve core flow channel in the first valve core and the valve core flow channel on the second valve core coincide.
  • the multi-way valve further includes a valve cover, the flow channel opening is arranged on the valve cover, and the flow channel opening includes an inner flow channel opening and an outer flow channel opening.
  • the inner runner openings are evenly distributed along the circumference of the valve core axis, and the outer runner openings are distributed along the periphery of the circle formed by the arrangement of the inner runner openings.
  • the valve body is provided with an outer flow channel for communicating the valve core flow channel in the second valve core with the outer flow channel opening.
  • a spool installation cavity is set in the valve body, the outer flow channel is L-shaped, the bottom of the spool installation cavity is spaced apart from the bottom of the valve body, and the outer flow channels are distributed around the spool installation cavity.
  • the end of the spool mounting cavity away from the flow channel opening is provided with a plurality of communication holes communicating with the outer flow channel in one-to-one correspondence.
  • Each of the spool flow channels is connected to at least two of the flow channel ports, and the first spool and the second spool are integrally formed/separated.
  • the end of the valve body provided with the flow channel opening can be integrated with the valve body or can be set separately, and the split part is fixedly installed on the valve body as the bonnet of the valve body. on the valve body.
  • a positioning rod for positioning the valve core is provided in the valve core, a positioning hole is provided on the valve cover, and the positioning rod is inserted into the positioning hole;
  • a transmission shaft is installed at the other end of the valve body, and a transmission sleeve for connecting the transmission shaft is arranged inside the valve core.
  • An outer seal that cooperates with the valve body and the valve core is installed inside the valve cover, and the outer seal is provided with a through hole corresponding to the mouth of the flow channel.
  • An inner seal that cooperates with the valve core is provided at one end of the valve core installation cavity close to the communication hole, and a through hole is provided at the inner seal corresponding to the communication hole.
  • the present invention also provides a multi-way valve, the multi-way valve includes a valve body and a valve core, the valve core is rotatably arranged in the valve body, and the valve core includes a first valve core and a second valve core , the first spool and the second spool are provided with several spool flow passages, and one end of the valve body is provided with the spool flow passages of the first spool and the second valve respectively.
  • One of the first spool and the second spool is an active spool, and the other is a driven spool.
  • One of the first spool and the second spool that is dynamically connected to the transmission shaft is the active spool, and the other is the driven spool, and the active spool drives the driven spool through the transmission assembly.
  • the spool turns.
  • the multi-way valve further includes a valve cover, the valve cover is installed on one end surface of the valve body, and several of the flow channel ports are arranged on the valve cover.
  • the runner opening includes an inner runner opening and an outer runner opening, the inner runner opening and the outer runner opening are arranged at one end of the valve body in the axial direction, and the outer runner opening is arranged radially outside the inner runner opening .
  • the valve body is provided with a valve body flow channel for connecting the outer flow channel port and the second valve core.
  • the first valve core is connected with the second valve core through a bearing.
  • a transmission shaft is arranged in the valve body, and the transmission shaft is power-connected with the first valve core and/or the second valve core; the transmission shaft can be integrated with the first valve core and/or the second valve core or can be set separately .
  • the transmission assembly is composed of at least one set of structural assemblies, each set of structural assemblies includes at least two structural components, and the two structural components are respectively arranged on the active valve core and the driven valve core, so that one of the structural members can contact the other structural member during the rotation of the active spool, and after the two structural members are in contact, the active spool can drive the driven spool turn.
  • the structural assembly is composed of two blocking blocks, and the two blocking blocks are respectively fixedly connected or integrated with the driving valve core and the driven valve core.
  • the transmission assembly is a one-way bearing
  • the first spool and the second spool are respectively connected to two rings of the one-way bearing, so that the first spool And the active spool in the second spool drives the driven spool to rotate when turning in one direction, and the active spool does not drive the driven spool to rotate when turning in the other direction.
  • the transmission assembly is composed of a ratchet and several shrapnels, one end of the shrapnel cooperates with the ratchet, so that when the active spool rotates in one direction, it drives the driven spool to rotate , and the active spool does not drive the driven spool to rotate when turning in the other direction move.
  • the present invention also provides a multi-way valve.
  • the multi-way valve includes a valve body and a rotatable valve core. At least one horizontal flow channel, the horizontal flow channel includes a first horizontal flow channel and a second horizontal flow channel oppositely arranged along the axial opening, the first horizontal flow channel and the second horizontal flow channel are axially The projections coincide, and one end of the valve body is provided with flow channel openings respectively communicating with the first horizontal flow channel and the second horizontal flow channel.
  • one end of the valve body is further provided with a flow channel port communicating with the through flow channel.
  • the runner opening includes an inner runner opening and an outer runner opening, the inner runner opening and the outer runner opening are arranged at one end of the valve body in the axial direction, and the outer runner opening is arranged radially outside the inner runner opening .
  • the multi-way valve also includes an outer flow channel, the inner flow channel opening is used to communicate with the first horizontal flow channel and the through flow channel, and the outer flow channel is used to communicate with the through flow channel away from the flow channel opening One end is connected with the outer flow channel opening, and is used to communicate with the second horizontal flow channel and the outer flow channel opening.
  • the valve core also includes a composite flow channel and a baffle plate arranged in the composite flow channel, the composite flow channel penetrates through the valve core in the axial direction, and the baffle plate partially Block the composite flow channel.
  • the valve cover is concaved toward the side of the valve body to form an outer seal slot
  • the multi-way valve further includes an outer seal arranged in the outer seal slot, so The outer seal abuts against the valve core to isolate the through flow channel and/or the first horizontal flow channel from each other.
  • the multi-way valve further includes an inner seal, and the inner seal abuts against the valve core to isolate the through flow channel and/or the second horizontal flow channel from each other.
  • the present invention also provides a multi-way valve.
  • the multi-way valve includes a valve body, a valve cover arranged at one end of the valve body, and a rotatable valve core arranged in the valve body.
  • the valve core has an opening along the axial direction. At least one first flow channel and at least one second flow channel arranged oppositely; flow channel openings communicating with the first flow channel and the second flow channel are respectively provided on the same end of the valve cover and the valve body.
  • the valve body is provided with an outer flow channel communicating with the second flow channel around the valve core and the valve cover, and the outer flow channel is arranged radially between the valve core and the valve cover. outside of the cover.
  • the bonnet is provided with an inner flow channel port communicating with the first flow channel, and one end of the valve body is provided with the outer flow channel, The outer flow channel opening connected with the second flow channel.
  • the axial projections of the first flow channel with opposite openings and the second flow channel coincide.
  • the inner flow channel openings and the outer flow channel openings are arranged in a circular array along the axis of the valve core.
  • the multi-way valve further includes an inner sealing member disposed at the end of the valve core away from the valve cover and abutting against the valve core.
  • the valve core is in the valve body, and the height of the valve core is lower than the end surface of the valve body, and the valve cover is accommodated in the valve body, and the end surface is flush with the end surface of the valve body.
  • the number of valve core flow channels in the first valve core is 2 or 4
  • the number of valve core flow channels in the second valve core is 2 or 4.
  • the first valve core and the second valve core with two valve core flow channels are provided with a third flow channel and a fourth flow channel to separate the third flow channel from the second valve core.
  • the baffle plate of the fourth flow channel, the abutment plate used to connect the baffle plate and arranged in the middle of the first valve core and the second valve core, the abutment plate surrounds and forms a circle with a cross section
  • the first valve core is provided with a connecting shaft in the storage cavity
  • the second valve core is provided with a rotating shaft in the storage cavity.
  • a third flow passage and a fourth flow passage are provided in the first valve core having two flow passages of the valve core, and the third flow passage and the fourth flow passage are used to separate the third flow passage and the fourth flow passage.
  • a partition used to connect the first partition and the abutment plate arranged in the middle of the first valve core, the abutment plate surrounds and forms a receiving cavity with a circular cross section, and the receiving cavity
  • a connecting shaft is provided, and the second spool with 4 spool flow passages includes a common flow passage and a counter flow passage, the common flow passage and the counter flow passage are separated and formed by a second partition,
  • the second valve core is provided with a rotating shaft facing away from the first valve core, and the rotating shaft is coaxially arranged with the second valve core and located in the opposite flow channel.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention include: a multi-way valve of the present invention, by setting the first valve core and the second valve core, the pressure on both sides of the valve core can be balanced, and the valve core can be prevented from tilting to increase wear;
  • Each valve core is preset with several flow channels, and the valve body and/or bonnet is preset with several flow channel openings.
  • the number of flow channel openings connected to external pipelines can be selected according to the actual situation, while other flow channel openings are sealed. , according to this, the valve has good compatibility;
  • the spool is composed of two parts, the first spool and the second spool, all flow ports are integrated on an axial end surface of the valve body, which is convenient for pipe arrangement and installation of actuators, and for easy installation of counterparts. Installation, and, because the flow channel opening is preset, the flow channel arrangement design in the spool can be changed without changing the valve body;
  • the number of flow channels that can be set in the valve core is more, the practicability is wider, and the flow channel selectivity is increased, which is convenient for the design of flow channel passages;
  • Bearings are used between the first spool and the second spool to reduce friction and increase coaxiality, and a transmission assembly is arranged between the first spool and the second spool, and power can be transmitted through the transmission assembly.
  • the transmission shaft only needs to be connected to one spool to drive the two spools to rotate;
  • a small-sized bonnet is provided, so that the bonnet can only be arranged on the valve core, the volume of the bonnet and the outer seal can be reduced, thereby reducing costs, and the static seal outside the valve core is not considered,
  • the bonnet and the outer seal are easier to install, reducing the impact of the assembly of the bonnet on the sealing of the outer flow channel and the inner flow channel;
  • the valve core is recessed to set the bonnet in the valve body, thereby Can reduce the overall height of the multi-way valve;
  • Two flow channels are provided in the first valve core and/or the second valve core, so that the number of flow channels per unit area is reduced and the area of the flow channels is increased, thereby reducing the flow resistance of the fluid.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of multiway valve of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a multi-way valve according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the valve body structure of the multi-way valve according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the valve cover of the multi-way valve according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the valve core structure of the multi-way valve according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a multi-way valve according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the first valve core of the multi-way valve implementing the first mode in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the second valve core of the multi-way valve implementing the first mode in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the valve core structure of the multi-way valve in the third implementation mode in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the valve core of the multi-way valve implementing the fourth embodiment in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the valve core of the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of another valve core according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the valve cover structure of the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention after being cut in half along the mid-axis plane.
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the A-A direction in Figure 16;
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of a valve cover according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 21 is a schematic structural view of the valve core of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the valve core of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the valve core in another direction according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 24 is a schematic structural view of the valve core of the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 25 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a valve core according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 26 is a schematic exploded view of the valve core in another direction according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components.
  • Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.
  • technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict with each other.
  • the multi-way valve 100 of the present invention includes the following embodiments according to different technical features.
  • the multi-way valve 100 of this embodiment includes a valve body 1 , a valve core 4 and a transmission shaft 7 , and the valve core 4 is rotatably arranged in the valve body 1 .
  • valve body 1 One end of the valve body 1 is provided with several flow channel ports, the valve core 4 is provided with a valve core flow channel for connecting at least two flow channel ports, and one end surface of the valve body 1 is provided with a blind hole as a valve core installation cavity 11. hole, and a valve cover 3 is installed on the end surface, each flow port is integrated on the valve cover 3, the valve core 4 is installed inside the valve core installation cavity 11, and the other end surface of the valve body 1 is installed with a drive shaft 7 , the transmission shaft 7 runs through the end face of the valve body 1 and is connected with the valve core 4 with key pins.
  • the sealing end face of the valve body 1 is provided with a shaft positioning block 8 for positioning the transmission shaft 7, and the shaft positioning block 8 is also provided with a seal for transmission.
  • the spool 4 is composed of a first spool 41 and a second spool 42 which are arranged symmetrically and integrally, which means that the flow channel openings of the first spool 41 and the second spool 42 are opposite. Also means the first valve The axial projections of the spool 41 and the second spool 42 coincide, which further means that the axial projections of the spool flow channel in the first spool 41 and the spool flow channel on the second spool 42 coincide.
  • the first valve core 41 and the second valve core 42 can also be arranged separately.
  • the end of the valve body 1 provided with the flow port can be integrated with the valve body 1 or can be arranged separately, and the split part is fixedly installed on the valve body 1 as the valve cover 3 of the valve body 1 .
  • the valve body 1 is provided with several independent outer flow passages 2 evenly distributed on the circumference and a valve core installation cavity 11 concentric with the valve body 1, the outer flow passage 2 is L-shaped, and the valve core installation cavity 11 The bottom is not in contact with the bottom 8 of the valve body 1, the outer flow channel 2 is distributed around the valve core installation cavity 11, the valve core 4 is installed in the valve core installation cavity 11, and the bottom of the valve core installation cavity 11 is provided with several external flow channels 2 One-to-one corresponding communicating holes 13;
  • Outer runner openings 31 are provided on the bonnet 3 corresponding to each outer runner 2, and several inner runner openings 32 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the bonnet 3 corresponding to the 4 valve cores.
  • the number of inner runner openings 32 is the same as the number of outer runner openings 31 .
  • the first spool 41 and the second spool 42 are respectively provided with a blind hole communicating with the inner runner port 32 and a blind hole communicating with the communication hole 13, and the first spool 41 and the second spool 42 are provided with several spool partitions 43 for separating the internal blind holes into several spool flow passages, each spool flow passage is used to communicate with at least two flow passage ports, the second spool 42 and The drive shaft is connected with 7 key pins.
  • the spool flow channel in the first spool 41 is not in communication with the spool flow channel in the second spool 42 .
  • the communication relationship between the second spool 42 controls the communication relationship between the outer flow channel ports 31, which does not mean that the spool flow channel in the first spool 41 cannot communicate with the spool flow channel in the second spool 42
  • the fluid can flow through the first spool 41 and the second spool after flowing into the inner flow path opening 32.
  • Two spools 42, the outer flow channel 2 finally flow out from the outer flow channel opening 31, and vice versa.
  • valve cover 3 is provided with an outer seal slot 33, and the outer seal slot 33 is provided with an outer seal 10, which is used for the contact surface between the first valve core 41 and the valve cover 3, and the valve core
  • the bottom of the installation cavity 11 is set
  • An inner seal slot 12 is provided, and an inner seal 9 is arranged in the inner seal slot 12 for sealing the contact surface between the second valve core 42 and the bottom of the valve core installation cavity 11 .
  • the spool 4 is provided with a positioning rod 5 for positioning the spool 4
  • the valve cover 3 is provided with a positioning hole 34 cooperating with the positioning rod 5
  • the spool 4 is provided with a transmission sleeve 6 for connecting the transmission shaft 7 .
  • At least two outer flow ports 31 are externally connected to the fluid system and/or at least two internal flow port 32 are externally connected to the fluid system, while the other flow port is sealed, and the fluid flows from one external flow port 31 enters the outer flow channel 2 in the valve body 1, enters the second valve core 42 after passing through the communication hole 13, and then flows out of the valve core through the valve core flow channel in the second valve core 42 from another communication hole 13, and finally flows through
  • the outer flow channel 2 corresponding to the communication hole 13 flows out from the other outer flow channel port 31; similarly, the fluid flows into the spool channel in the first valve core 41 from one inner flow channel port 32 and flows out from the other inner flow channel port 32; the transmission shaft 7
  • the rotation drives the spool 4 to rotate, thereby adjusting the flow channel opening connected with the spool 4, and the valve is closed when the closed flow channel opening is connected.
  • first spool 41 and the second spool 42 are arranged symmetrically along a plane perpendicular to the axis of the spool 4, when a certain flow path in the first spool 41 is connected, the inner symmetry of the second spool 42
  • the flow channel at the position is also connected, so that the upper and lower parts of the spool 4 are subjected to the same hydraulic pressure, so that the overall force of the spool 4 remains balanced.
  • Each valve core is preset with several flow channels, and the valve body and/or bonnet is preset with several flow channel openings. The number of flow channel openings connected to external pipelines can be selected according to the actual situation, while other flow channel openings are sealed. , according to this, the valve has good compatibility.
  • the spool 4 is composed of two parts, the first spool 41 and the second spool 42, all flow ports are integrated on an axial end surface of the valve body 1, which is convenient for pipe arrangement and actuator installation.
  • the installation is convenient for the installation of the counterpart, and, since the flow passage opening is preset, the arrangement design of flow passages in the valve core 4 can be changed without changing the valve body 1 .
  • the multi-way valve of this embodiment includes: a valve body 1, a valve core 4 and a valve cover 3, the valve body 1 is provided with an inner cavity, and the inner cavity is a valve core installation cavity 11, The valve core 4 is rotatably installed in the valve core installation cavity 11 , and the valve cover 3 is fixedly installed on the valve body 1 .
  • the valve body 1 has an end face A and the end surface B; the valve cover 3 is provided with several flow channel openings, and a sealing member is provided between the valve cover 3 , the valve body 1 and the valve core 4 , and the sealing member is an outer sealing member 10 .
  • the spool 4 includes: a spool A close to the end face A, namely the first spool 41, a spool B close to the end face B, namely the second spool 42, both the first spool 41 and the second spool 42 are provided with A number of spool flow channels that are not connected to each other, each spool flow channel is connected to at least two flow channel ports, and a valve body flow channel for communicating with the flow channel port and the second spool 42 is also provided in the valve body 1, that is, the outer flow channel 2.
  • the runner openings include inner runner openings 32 and outer runner openings 31, the outer runner openings 31 are arranged on the bonnet 3 corresponding to each outer runner 2, and several inner runner openings 32 are distributed on the bonnet 3 corresponding to the 4 valve cores.
  • the number of inner runner openings 32 is the same as the number of outer runner openings 31 .
  • the first spool 41 and the second spool 42 are separately arranged, and one of the first spool 41 and the second spool 42 is an active spool, and the other is a driven spool.
  • a bearing 21 is arranged between the second spool 42, a positioning shaft 22 is arranged on the top of the second spool 42, and a cavity for accommodating the bearing 21 is arranged at the bottom of the first spool 41, the cavity and the outer surface of the bearing 21 Ring interference fit, positioning shaft 22 and the inner ring of bearing 21 interference fit.
  • a drive shaft 7 is installed under the valve body 1, and the drive shaft 7 is power-connected with the second spool 42, and a device for transmitting the first spool 41 and the second spool is arranged between the first spool 41 and the second spool 42. 42 between the power transmission assembly; the transmission shaft 7 can also be installed on the valve cover 3 and connected with the power of the first spool 41; the transmission shaft 7 can be set alone or with the first spool 41 or the second spool 42 All-in-one settings.
  • this patent application provides the following implementation methods.
  • the transmission assembly is composed of a blocking block A211 and a blocking block B221, and the blocking block A211 and the blocking block B221 are respectively arranged on the first valve core 41 and the second valve core 42.
  • the blocking block The block A211 is arranged in an annular groove on the first valve core 41.
  • the blocking block B221 relatively moves in the annular groove.
  • the second One spool 41 can drive the second spool 42 to rotate.
  • the second spool 42 is first rotated in one direction, When the two blocking blocks touch, the angular position of the first spool 41 is adjusted. After the first spool 41 is in place, the second spool 42 is rotated in the opposite direction to adjust the angular position of the second spool 42 .
  • the transmission assembly in Implementation Mode 1 may be a one-way bearing.
  • a one-way bearing is used to replace the bearing 21 in Implementation Mode 1, so that when the first valve core 41 rotates in one direction, it can drive the second valve core 42 When the first valve core 41 rotates in another direction, it will not drive the second valve core 42 to rotate.
  • the transmission assembly can be composed of a ratchet 26 and a plurality of shrapnel 25, the shrapnel 25 is evenly arranged on the second spool 42 in a ring shape, the ratchet 26 is fixedly arranged on the first spool 41, the ratchet 26 and the shrapnel 25 Cooperate so that when the first valve core 41 rotates in one direction, it can drive the second valve core 42 to rotate, and when the first valve core 41 rotates in another direction, it will not drive the second valve core 42 to rotate.
  • the transmission assembly includes a rotary rod 27 , and the function of the elastic piece 25 is to apply force to the rotary rod 27 toward the ratchet 26 to ensure the cooperation between the rotary rod 27 and the ratchet 26 .
  • the multi-way valve 100 includes a valve body 1, a valve core 4 disposed in the valve body 1, a first seal, that is, an outer seal 10, a second seal , that is, the inner seal 9, the connecting flow channel, that is, the outer flow channel 2, and the transmission shaft 7 for driving the rotation of the valve core 4, and the valve core 4 is arranged in the valve body 1.
  • the spool 4 has at least one through flow passage 401 axially penetrating through the spool 4, at least one horizontal flow passage 402 extending radially, a compound flow passage 403, and a baffle plate 404 arranged in the composite flow passage 403, arranged on A support member 405 at one end of the valve core 4 along the axial direction.
  • the spool 4 includes a first spool 41 and a second spool 42 with opposite openings.
  • the horizontal flow channel 402 includes a first horizontal flow channel 4021 and a second horizontal flow channel 4022 oppositely arranged along the axial opening.
  • the axial projections of the first horizontal flow channel 4021 and the second horizontal flow channel 4022 coincide.
  • the depth of the first horizontal flow channel 4021 and the second horizontal flow channel 4022 is not limited, that is, the first horizontal flow channel
  • the depths of the channel 4021 and the second horizontal flow channel 4022 can be the same or different.
  • the compound flow channel 403 penetrates through the valve core 4 in the axial direction, and the blocking plate 404 partially blocks the compound flow channel 403 in the radial direction.
  • the compound flow channel 403 is formed by connecting the horizontal flow channel 402 and the through flow channel 401 .
  • there are only the through flow channel 401 and the compound flow channel 403 but in other embodiments, the through flow channel 401 , the horizontal flow channel 402 and the compound flow channel 403 can also be provided at the same time.
  • the through flow channel 401 axially penetrates the valve core 4, so when the fluid enters the valve core 4, the fluid pressure inside the valve core 4 is balanced, and the problem of uneven force on the valve core 4 as a whole will not be caused. . And setting the through flow channel 401 can realize more working modes.
  • both sides of the spool 4 are under equal pressure, avoiding problems such as inclination of the spool 4, difficulty in opening the valve, and easy wear and tear.
  • the valve body 1 is provided with at least two flow channel openings communicating with the through flow channel 401 and the horizontal flow channel 402 .
  • the runner opening includes an inner runner opening 32 and an outer runner opening 31.
  • the inner runner opening 32 and the outer runner opening 31 are arranged at one end of the valve body 1 along the axial direction, and are the end close to the first horizontal flow passage 4021.
  • the outer runner opening 31 is arranged radially. Outside the inner runner port 32.
  • the numbers of the outer flow channel openings 31 and the inner flow channel openings 32 are equal, and they are arranged in a circular array along the axis of the multi-way valve 100 .
  • the inner channel opening 32 is used to communicate with the first horizontal channel 4021 and the through channel 401 .
  • the fluid enters the first horizontal flow channel 4021 from one of the inner flow channel openings 32 and is discharged from the other inner flow channel openings 32 .
  • the outer flow channel 2 is used to communicate with the end of the through flow channel 401 away from the flow channel opening and the outer flow channel opening 31 , and to communicate with the second horizontal flow channel 4022 and the outer flow channel opening 31 .
  • the support member 405 is arranged in the middle of the end of the valve core 4 away from the flow channel opening, so that the through flow channel 401 and the second horizontal flow channel 4022 are separated from the valve body 101 by an end distance, so that the through flow channel 401 and the second horizontal flow channel
  • the channel 4022 can communicate with the outer flow channel 2 .
  • the fluid when the second horizontal flow channel 4022 communicates with at least two outer flow channel openings 31 , the fluid enters the second horizontal flow channel 4022 from one of the outer flow channel openings 31 and is discharged from the other outer flow channel openings 31 .
  • the fluid When the inner flow channel opening 32 and the outer flow channel opening 31 communicate with the through flow channel 401 , the fluid enters the through flow channel 401 from the inner flow channel opening 32 and is discharged from the outer flow channel opening 31 through the outer flow channel 2 .
  • the valve body 1 includes a valve body 101 and a valve cover 3 , the valve cover 3 is used to limit the axial position of the valve core 4 , and the outer flow channel 2 is arranged between the valve body 101 and the valve cover 3 .
  • the first horizontal flow channel 4021 is set close to the valve cover 3 , and the flow channel opening is set on the valve cover 3 and runs through the valve cover 3 .
  • the valve cover 3 is recessed toward the side of the valve body 101 to form a receiving part, and the outer seal 10 is arranged in the receiving part, and the outer seal 10 is in contact with the valve core 4 to connect the through flow channel 401 and/or the first horizontal flow channel 4021 to each other. isolated.
  • the inner seal 9 abuts against the valve core 4 to isolate the through channel 401 and/or the second horizontal channel 4022 from each other.
  • the compound flow channel 403 can communicate with multiple outer flow channel openings 31 and inner flow channel openings 32 at the same time.
  • the transmission shaft 7 is used to drive the valve core 4 to rotate, so that the through flow channel 401 and the horizontal flow channel 402 can communicate with different flow channel openings.
  • a horizontal flow channel 402 is provided to connect at least two flow channel ports to transfer fluid.
  • the two sides of the valve core 4 can be When the fluid is fed into both sides at the same time, the overall force of the spool 4 is balanced, and when the fluid enters the through flow channel 401, the internal fluid pressure of the spool 4 is balanced, and the problem of uneven force on the spool 4 as a whole will not be caused. , not easy to tilt, and thus will not increase the friction between the valve core 4 and the outer seal 10 and the inner seal 9 . Setting the flow port on the valve cover 3 on the same side will not affect the installation of the counterpart at the other end of the multi-way valve 100 .
  • the force of the valve core 4 is balanced when the fluid is passed in, and the valve core 4 is not easy to tilt, so that the risk of wear of the valve core 4 can be reduced. And it will not affect the installation of rival software.
  • the multi-way valve 100 with a small-sized bonnet in this embodiment includes a valve body 1, a valve core 4 disposed in the valve body 1, and a valve core 4 disposed at one end of the valve body 1 to define the valve core.
  • the bonnet 3 in the axial position, the second seal, namely the inner seal 9, the drive shaft 7.
  • the valve core 4 has at least one first flow channel 411 and at least one second flow channel 412 with opposite openings along the axial direction, and the axial projections of the first flow channel 411 and the second flow channel 412 coincide. Therefore, when fluid of the same pressure is introduced into the first flow passage 411 and the second flow passage 412, the pressure of the fluid inside the valve core 4 is balanced, and there will be no Cause the problem that the spool 4 is unevenly stressed as a whole.
  • the numbers of the first flow channels 411 and the second flow channels 412 are the same.
  • valve core 4 is integrally formed, and the transmission shaft 7 drives the valve core 4 to rotate.
  • the valve core 4 includes a first valve core 43 and a second valve core 44 which are separately arranged along the axis, the first flow passage 411 is provided on the first valve core 43, and the second The flow channel 412 is disposed on the second valve core 44 .
  • the multi-way valve 100 further includes a linkage, and the linkage drives the first valve core 43 and the second valve core 44 to rotate relative to each other.
  • the valve body 1 includes a first wall 14 surrounding the housing cavity, that is, a first wall 14 of the installation cavity 11, a second wall 15 arranged radially outside the first wall 14 and surrounding the first wall 14, and a second wall 15 arranged on the first wall 14 and the second wall 14.
  • the length of the first wall 14 in the axial direction is less than the length of the second wall 15, and the end close to the valve cover 3 is flush with the second wall 15, and the end of the first wall 14 away from the valve cover 3 is spaced from the bottom of the valve body 1 .
  • the valve core 4 is arranged in the installation cavity 11 and spaced apart from both ends of the valve body 1 , that is, the height of the valve core 4 is lower than the end surface of the valve body 1 .
  • One end of the first wall 14 close to the valve cover 3 protrudes inwardly to form a support portion 111 , the valve cover 3 is arranged on the valve core 4 and placed on the support portion 111 , and the valve cover 3 is accommodated in the installation cavity 11 of the valve body 1 , and the end face is flush with the end face of valve body 1.
  • the bonnet 3 only covers the valve core 4 instead of covering the entire end face of the valve body 1, which can reduce the area required for the production of the bonnet 3, and at the same time reduce the torque of the spool 4 rotating relative to the bonnet 3 and reduce wear.
  • the valve cover 3 is provided with a first flow channel opening communicating with the first flow channel 411 , that is, the inner flow channel opening 32 .
  • the side of the bonnet 3 facing the valve core 4 is recessed to form a receiving part, that is, the outer seal slot 33 , and the first seal, that is, the outer seal 10 is disposed in the outer seal slot 33 to separate the inner runner opening 32 .
  • the outer sealing member 10 is opposed to the valve core 4, and since the area of the valve cover 3 is reduced, the area of the outer sealing member 10 is correspondingly reduced, which can reduce the production cost.
  • the valve body 1 surrounds the spool 4 and the bonnet 3 with a connecting flow channel communicating with the second flow channel 412 , that is, the outer flow channel 2 , and the outer flow channel 2 is arranged radially outside the spool 4 and the bonnet 3 .
  • the outer flow channel 2 is arranged between the first wall 14 and the second wall 15 .
  • the partition 16 divides the outer flow channel 2 into several, and the partition 16 is connected to the bottom of the valve body 1 part, and each outer flow channel 2 is used to communicate with the second flow channel 412 .
  • One end of the valve body 1 is provided with a second flow channel opening communicating with the outer flow channel 2 , that is, the outer flow channel opening 31 , and the outer flow channel opening 31 is exposed from the end of the outer flow channel 2 close to the valve cover 3 .
  • the number of inner runner openings 32 and outer runner openings 31 is the same. Both the inner runner openings 32 and the outer runner openings 31 are arranged in a circular array along the axis of the valve core 4 .
  • the supporting member 17 is arranged at the end of the valve core 4 away from the valve cover 3 , and the supporting member 17 is abutted against the valve body 1 to separate the valve core 4 and the valve body 1 , so that the second flow channel 412 communicates with the outer flow channel 2 .
  • the inner seal 9 is disposed in the isolation member 18 and abuts against the valve core 4 to separate the second flow channel 412 .
  • the multi-way valve 100 with a small-sized bonnet in this embodiment, only the bonnet 3 is arranged on the valve core 4, so that the volume of the bonnet 3 and the outer seal 10 can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost without considering the valve core 4
  • the static seal on the outside, the bonnet 3 and the outer seal 10 are easier to install, reducing the impact of the assembly of the bonnet 3 on the sealing of the inner runner port 32 and the outer runner port 31; In the body 1, the overall height of the multi-way valve 100 can be reduced.
  • the multi-way valve is any one or more of the multi-way valve 100 in Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, and Embodiment 4.
  • the spool 4 includes a first spool 41 and a second spool 42, the number of flow channels in the first spool 41 is 2 or 4, and the number of flow channels in the second spool 42 is 2 or 4 indivual.
  • the present invention provides the following two embodiments.
  • the number of spool flow passages in the first spool 41 and the second spool 42 is 2, and both the first spool 41 and the second spool 42 are provided with
  • the abutment plate 106 in the middle of the core 42 .
  • the cross-sectional projections of the third flow channel 103, the fourth flow channel 104, the partition plate 105 and the abutment plate 106 on the first valve core 41 and the second valve core 42 coincide, and the height along the axial direction can be adjusted according to the needs. Select the same or different, so that when the same liquid passes through the corresponding third flow channel 103 and/or fourth flow channel 104, the first valve core 41 and the second valve core 42 are subjected to the same force and opposite directions, thereby balancing the pressure on both sides.
  • the third flow channel 103 and the fourth flow channel 104 on the same side are arranged symmetrically.
  • Two flow passages are set in the first spool 41 and the second spool 42, The number of flow channels per unit area is reduced, and the area of the flow channels is increased, thereby reducing the flow resistance of the fluid.
  • partitions 105 There are two partitions 105 , and the two partitions 105 extend radially along the first valve core 41 and the second valve core 42 .
  • the abutment plate 106 is surrounded by a receiving chamber 141 with a circular cross-section.
  • the receiving chamber 141 of the first valve core 41 is provided with a connecting shaft 142 protruding away from the second valve core 42.
  • the actuator is pivoted to the connecting shaft 142. Turn connection to drive the valve core 4 to rotate in the valve body 1.
  • a rotating shaft 421 is disposed in the receiving cavity 141 of the second valve core 42 .
  • the valve cover is close to the second valve core 42 and resists the partition plate 105 and the resisting plate 106 inside the second valve core 42 to separate the third flow channel 103 and the fourth flow channel 104 .
  • the valve cover 3 is provided with a rotating groove for cooperating with the rotating shaft 421 and a flow channel opening for connecting the third flow channel 103 and the fourth flow channel 104 .
  • the flow channel port can be used to communicate with the third flow channel 103 and the fourth flow channel 104 on the first valve core 41 , and can also be used to communicate with the third flow channel 103 and the fourth flow channel 104 on the second valve core 42 .
  • the axial height of the rotating shaft 421 is higher than the partition plate 105 in the second valve core 42 .
  • a limiting shaft 411 protrudes from the side of the first valve core 41 facing the second valve core 42 , and a limiting cavity 422 is formed on the second valve core 42 .
  • the limiting shaft 411 is plugged into the limiting cavity 422 to limit the positions of the first valve core 41 and the second valve core 42 . Further, both the limiting shaft 411 and the limiting cavity 422 are coaxially arranged with the first valve core 41 and the second valve core 42 .
  • the first valve core 41 is provided with a limiting block 412 on the side facing the second valve core 42
  • the second valve core 42 is provided with a limiting groove 423 for receiving the limiting block 412 on the side facing the first valve core 41.
  • the resisting block 424 in the slot 423 is used to resist against the limiting block 412 .
  • the limiting groove 423 is coaxially arranged with the second valve core 42 .
  • the limiting groove 423 is coaxially arranged with the second valve core 42 .
  • the first valve core 41 can rotate relative to the second valve core 42 through the cooperation of the limiting groove 423 and the limiting block 412, and the second valve core 41 can be rotated relative to the second valve core 42 by setting the resisting block 424 against the limiting block 412, so that the second A spool 41 drives the second spool 42 to rotate.
  • the number of spool flow passages on the first spool 41 is 2, and when the number of spool flow passages on the second spool 42 is 4, the first A spool 41 is provided with a third flow channel 103 and a fourth flow channel 104, a first separator 105 for separating the third flow channel 103 and a fourth flow channel 104, and a first separator 105 for connecting the first separator 105 and setting
  • the abutting plate 106 in the middle of the first spool 41 faces the second spool A limiting shaft 411 protruding from one side of the valve core 42 and a limiting block 412 facing one side of the second valve core 42 .
  • the third flow channel 103 and the fourth flow channel 104 are arranged symmetrically. In this embodiment, only two flow channels are provided in the first valve core 41 , so that the number of flow channels per unit area is reduced and the area of the flow channels is increased, thereby reducing the flow resistance of the fluid.
  • first partitions 105 There are two first partitions 105 , and the two first partitions 105 both extend in the radial direction of the first valve core 41 .
  • the abutting plate 106 is surrounded by a receiving chamber 141 with a circular cross-section.
  • the receiving chamber 141 is provided with a connecting shaft 142 , and the actuator is pivotally connected with the connecting shaft 142 to drive the valve core 4 to rotate in the valve body 1 .
  • the limiting block 412 protrudes toward one side of the second valve core 42 .
  • the limiting shaft 411 protrudes toward the second valve core 42 and is arranged coaxially with the first valve core 41 and the second valve core 42 .
  • the second spool 42 includes a common flow channel 220, a through flow channel, that is, the opposite flow channel 222, a second separator 223 for separating the ordinary flow channel 220 and the opposite flow channel 222, facing away from the first spool 41-
  • the rotating shaft 421 arranged on the side, the limiting groove 423 arranged on the side facing the first valve core 41 for accommodating the limiting block 412 , the resisting block arranged in the limiting groove 423 for abutting against the limiting block 412 424 , the limiting cavity 422 .
  • the number of ordinary runners 220 is greater than or equal to two.
  • the number of common flow channels 220 is three, and one side of the opposite flow channel 222 is provided with two common flow channels 220 , and the other side is provided with one common flow channel 220 .
  • the rotating shaft 421 is coaxially arranged with the second valve core 42 and located in the opposite flow channel 222 .
  • the valve cover 3 is close to the second valve core 42 and resists against the second partition 223 to separate the opposite flow channel 222 and the plurality of common flow channels 220 .
  • the valve cover 3 is provided with a rotating groove for matching with the rotating shaft 421 , and flow openings for communicating with the opposing flow passage 222 , the common flow passage 220 , the third flow passage 103 and the fourth flow passage 104 .
  • the rotation groove is plugged with the rotation shaft 421 so as to rotate with the valve core 4 when the valve core 4 rotates.
  • the limiting shaft 411 is plugged into the limiting cavity 422 to limit the positions of the first valve core 41 and the second valve core 42 .
  • the limiting cavity 422 is disposed in the rotating shaft 421 .
  • the limiting groove 423 is coaxially arranged with the second valve core 42 .
  • the first valve core 41 can rotate relative to the second valve core 42 through the cooperation of the limiting groove 423 and the limiting block 412, and the second valve core 41 can be rotated relative to the second valve core 42 by setting the resisting block 424 against the limiting block 412, so that the second A spool 41 drives the second spool 42 to rotate.
  • the multi-way valve 100 of the present invention can balance the pressure on both sides of the valve core 4 by setting the first valve core 41 and the second valve core 42 , preventing the valve core 4 from tilting and increasing wear.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种多通阀，所述多通阀包括阀体和阀芯，所述阀芯可转动的设置在所述阀体内，所述阀芯包括第一阀芯和第二阀芯，所述第一阀芯和第二阀芯内均设置有阀芯流道，所述阀体的一端设有分别与所述第一阀芯和第二阀芯上的所述阀芯流道连通的流道口。本发明的多通阀，通过设置第一阀芯和第二阀芯，从而可以平衡所述阀芯两侧的压力，防止所述阀芯倾斜进而增加磨损。

Description

一种多通阀 技术领域
本发明涉及一种多通阀。
背景技术
当前在新能源汽车热管理应用上，对于水阀的应用，多使用到蝶阀、球阀、柱阀等设计，用水阀配合流道板的连接来完成冷却液的切换、合并、分流等，上述水阀的流体流通方向主要靠阀芯控制，流道口排列不规则，导致管道排布混乱以及管道排布影响执行器等其它元件的安装的问题，以及，由于阀体需要根据阀芯设计，导致阀门的适用性差。
为解决上述问题，现有的一种方式是使用盘式阀门，并将盘式阀门的所有流道口都集成在阀体的一个侧面处，便于对手件的管道排布，以及流道设计，其所存在的问题在于：流体经过阀芯之后，阀芯单侧受压，受力不均，容易导致阀芯或密封件局部摩擦力过大，易磨损，或因阀芯倾斜导致流体泄漏。
有鉴于此，有必要对现有的予以改进，以解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种多通阀，以解决现有盘式阀门阀芯受压不均导致阀芯倾斜磨损的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种多通阀，所述多通阀包括阀体和阀芯，所述阀芯可转动的设置在所述阀体内，所述阀芯包括第一阀芯和第二阀芯，所述第一阀芯和第二阀芯内均设置有阀芯流道，所述阀体的一端设有分别与所述第一阀芯和第二阀芯上的所述阀芯流道连通的流道口。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯内的阀芯流道开口 相反。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯沿一个垂直于所述阀芯轴线的平面对称设置。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第一阀芯内的所述阀芯流道和第二阀芯上的所述阀芯流道在轴向的投影重合。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述多通阀还包括阀盖，所述流道口设置在所述阀盖上，所述流道口包括内流道口和外流道口。所述内流道口沿阀芯轴心圆周均匀分布，所述外流道口沿所述内流道口排列所形成的圆周的外围分布。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述阀体内设置有用于连通所述第二阀芯内的所述阀芯流道和所述外流道口的外流道。所述阀体内设置阀芯安装腔，所述外流道呈L形，所述阀芯安装腔底部与所述阀体底部间隔设置，所述外流道分布在所述阀芯安装腔的四周。所述阀芯安装腔远离所述流道口的一端设置有若干个与所述外流道一一对应连通的连通孔。每个所述阀芯流道连接至少两个所述流道口，所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯一体化成型/分体设置。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述阀体上设有所述流道口的一端可与所述阀体一体化设置也可分体设置，分体部分作为所述阀体的阀盖固定安装于所述阀体上。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述阀芯内设置有一个用于定位所述阀芯的定位杆，所述阀盖上设有定位孔，所述定位杆插在设置在所述定位孔内；所述阀体的另一个端处安装有传动轴，所述阀芯内设置有用于连接所述传动轴的传动套管。所述阀盖内安装有与所述阀体和所述阀芯配合的外密封件，所述外密封件对应所述流道口处设置有通孔。所述阀芯安装腔内靠近所述连通孔的一端处设置有与所述阀芯配合的内密封件，所述内密封件对应所述连通孔处设置有通孔。
本发明还提供一种多通阀，所述多通阀包括阀体和阀芯，所述阀芯可转动的设置在所述阀体内，所述阀芯包括第一阀芯和第二阀芯，所述第一阀芯和第二阀芯内均设置有若干个阀芯流道，所述阀体的一端设有分别与所述第一阀芯的所述阀芯流道和第二阀芯上的所述阀芯流道连通的流道口；所述第一阀芯与所 述第二阀芯分体设置，所述阀芯还包括用于带动所述第一阀芯与所述第二阀芯联动的传动组件。所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯的其中之一为主动阀芯，另一为从动阀芯。所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯中与所述传动轴动力连接的一个为主动阀芯，另一个则为从动阀芯，所述主动阀芯通过传动组件带动所述从动阀芯转动。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述多通阀还包括阀盖，所述阀盖安装在所述阀体的一端面上，若干个所述流道口设置在所述阀盖上。所述流道口包括内流道口和外流道口，所述内流道口和所述外流道口设置在所述阀体沿轴向的一端，所述外流道口沿径向设置在所述内流道口的外侧。所述阀体内设置有用于连通所述外流道口与所述第二阀芯的阀体流道。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第一阀芯与所述第二阀芯之间通过轴承配合连接。所述阀体内设置有传动轴，所述传动轴与第一阀芯和/或第二阀芯动力连接；传动轴可与第一阀芯和/或第二阀芯一体化设置也可单独设置。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述传动组件由至少一组结构组件构成，每组所述结构组件包括至少两个结构件，两个结构件分别设置在所述主动阀芯和所述从动阀芯上，使得一个所述结构件在随所述主动阀芯转动的过程中可与另一所述结构件接触，并且在两个结构件接触后，所述主动阀芯能够带动从动阀芯转动。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述结构组件由两个阻挡块构成，两个所述阻挡块分别与所述主动阀芯和所述从动阀芯固定连接或一体化设置。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述传动组件为单向轴承，所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯分别与所述单向轴承的两个圈件连接，使得所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯中的主动阀芯在朝一个方向转动时带动从动阀芯转动，并且所述主动阀芯在朝另一个方向转动时不带动所述从动阀芯转动。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述传动组件由棘轮和若干个弹片构成，所述弹片的一端与所述棘轮配合，使得所述主动阀芯在朝一个方向转动时带动所述从动阀芯转动，并且所述主动阀芯在朝另一个方向转动时不带动所述从动阀芯转 动。
本发明还提供一种多通阀，所述多通阀包括阀体和可转动的阀芯，所述阀芯具有沿轴向贯穿所述阀芯的至少一个贯穿流道、沿径向延伸的至少一个水平流道，所述水平流道包括沿轴向开口相反设置的第一水平流道和第二水平流道，所述第一水平流道和所述第二水平流道在轴向的投影重合，所述阀体的一端设有分别与所述第一水平流道和所述第二水平流道连通的流道口。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述阀体的一端还设有与所述贯穿流道连通的流道口。所述流道口包括内流道口和外流道口，所述内流道口和所述外流道口设置在所述阀体沿轴向的一端，所述外流道口沿径向设置在所述内流道口的外侧。所述多通阀还包括外流道，所述内流道口用以与所述第一水平流道和所述贯穿流道连通，所述外流道用以连通所述贯穿流道远离所述流道口的一端与所述外流道口、以及用以连通所述第二水平流道和外流道口。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述阀芯还包括复合流道和设置在所述复合流道内的遮挡板，所述复合流道沿轴向贯穿所述阀芯，所述遮挡板沿径向部分遮挡所述复合流道。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述阀盖朝向所述阀身一侧内凹形成外密封件插槽，所述多通阀还包括设置在所述外密封件插槽内的外密封件，所述外密封件与所述阀芯抵接以将所述贯穿流道和/或所述第一水平流道相互隔绝。所述多通阀还包括内密封件，所述内密封件与所述阀芯抵接以将所述贯穿流道和/或所述第二水平流道相互隔绝。
本发明还提供一种多通阀，所述多通阀包括阀体、设置在阀体一端的阀盖、可转动的设置在所述阀体内的阀芯，所述阀芯具有开口沿轴向相反设置的至少一个第一流道和至少一个第二流道；所述阀盖和所述阀体同一端上分别设有与所述第一流道、所述第二流道连通的流道口。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述阀体环绕所述阀芯和阀盖设有与所述第二流道连通的外流道，所述外流道沿径向设置在所述阀芯和所述阀盖的外侧。所述阀盖上设有与所述第一流道连通的内流道口，所述阀体一端设有与所述外流道、 第二流道连通的外流道口。开口相反的所述第一流道与所述第二流道在轴向的投影重合。所述内流道口和所述外流道口均沿着所述阀芯的轴线呈圆周阵列排布。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述多通阀还包括设置在所述阀芯远离所述阀盖的一端且与所述阀芯抵持的内密封件。所述阀芯在所述阀体内，且所述阀芯高度低于所述阀体的端面，所述阀盖收容在所述阀体内，且端面与所述阀体端面平齐。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第一阀芯内的阀芯流道数量为2个或4个，所述第二阀芯内的阀芯流道数量为2个或4个。
作为本发明的进一步改进，具有2个阀芯流道的所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯内设有第三流道和第四流道、用以分隔第三流道和所述第四流道的隔板、用以连接所述隔板且设置在所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯中部的抵持板，所述抵持板围设形成有截面呈圆形的收容腔，所述第一阀芯的收容腔内设有连接轴，所述第二阀芯的收容腔内设有转动轴。
作为本发明的进一步改进，具有2个阀芯流道的所述第一阀芯内设有第三流道和第四流道、用以分隔第三流道和所述第四流道的第一隔板、用以连接所述第一隔板且设置在所述第一阀芯中部的抵持板，所述抵持板围设形成有截面呈圆形的收容腔，所述收容腔内设有连接轴，和具有4个阀芯流道的所述第二阀芯包括普通流道和对向流道，所述普通流道和所述对向流道由第二隔板分隔形成，所述第二阀芯朝向远离所述第一阀芯的一侧设有转动轴，所述转动轴与所述第二阀芯同轴设置且位于所述对向流道内。
本发明的有益效果包括：本发明的一种多通阀，通过设置第一阀芯和第二阀芯，从而可以平衡所述阀芯两侧的压力，防止所述阀芯倾斜进而增加磨损；
每个阀芯预设有若干个流道，阀体和/或阀盖中预设有若干个流道口，可根据实际情况选择接通外部管道的流道口的数量，而其它流道口做密封处理，依此，该阀门具有良好的兼容性；
阀芯虽是由第一阀芯和第二阀芯两个部分构成，但所有的流道口都集成在阀体的一个轴向端面上，方便管道排布以及执行器的安装，便于对手件的安装，并且，由于流道口是预设的，因此，可在不改变阀体的情况下，改变阀芯内流道排布设计；
阀芯内可设置的流道数量更多，实用性更广，并且增加流道可选择性，便于流道通路的设计；
第一阀芯和第二阀芯之间通过轴承来减小摩擦力，以及增加同轴度，并且，第一阀芯和第二阀芯之间设置有传动组件，可以通过传动组件传递动力，使得传动轴仅需连接一个阀芯即可带动两个阀芯转动；
通过设置贯穿流道，从而提供更多的工作模式；
设置小尺寸的阀盖，从而可以仅将所述阀盖设置在所述阀芯上，可以降低阀盖和所述外密封件的体积，从而降低成本，且不用考虑阀芯外侧的静密封，所述阀盖和所述外密封件更容易安装，降低所述阀盖装配对外流道口和内流道口密封的影响；将所述阀芯凹陷设置以将阀盖设置在所述阀体内，从而可以降低多通阀的整体高度；
将所述第一阀芯和/或所述第二阀芯内均设置两个流道，使得单位面积内的流道数量减少，流道面积增大，进而可以降低流体的流阻。
附图说明
图1是本发明的多通阀的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例一的多通阀的剖面结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例一的多通阀的阀体结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例一的多通阀的阀盖结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例一的多通阀的阀芯结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例二的多通阀的剖面结构示意图；
图7是本发明实施例二中实现方式一的多通阀的第一阀芯结构示意图；
图8是本发明实施例二中实现方式一的多通阀的第二阀芯结构示意图；
图9是本发明实施例二中实现方式三的多通阀的阀芯结构示意图；
图10是本发明实施例二中实现方式四的多通阀的阀芯结构示意图；
图11是本发明实施例三的立体结构示意图；
图12是本发明实施例三的阀芯的结构示意图；
图13是本发明实施例三的另一种阀芯的结构示意图；
图14是本发明实施例三的阀盖结构示意图；
图15是本发明实施例三的沿中轴面截去一半以后的立体结构示意图。
图16是本发明实施例四的立体结构示意图；
图17是本发明实施例四的分解结构示意图；
图18是图16中A-A方向的截面示意图；
图19是本发明实施例四的另一实施方式的截面示意图；
图20是本发明实施例四的阀盖的结构示意图。
图21是本发明实施例五的阀芯的结构示意图；
图22是本发明实施例五的阀芯的分解结构示意图；
图23是本发明实施例五的阀芯的另一方向的分解结构示意图；
图24是本发明实施例六的阀芯的结构示意图；
图25是本发明实施例六的阀芯的分解结构示意图；
图26是本发明实施例六的阀芯的另一方向的分解结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指 的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。此外，下面所描述的本发明不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
如图1至图26所示，本发明的多通阀100根据不同的技术特征，包括如下实施例。
实施例一：
参阅图1-5，本实施例的多通阀100包括阀体1、阀芯4和传动轴7，阀芯4可转动的设置在阀体1内。
阀体1一端上设置有若干个流道口，阀芯4内设置有用于连通至少两个流道口的阀芯流道，阀体1上的一个端面上设置有一个作为阀芯安装腔11的盲孔，并且该端面上安装有阀盖3，每个流道口都集成在阀盖3上，阀芯4安装在阀芯安装腔11的内部，阀体1的另一个端面处安装有传动轴7，传动轴7贯穿阀体1的端面并与阀芯4键销连接，阀体1的密封端面处设置有用于定位传动轴7的转轴定位块8，转轴定位块8内还设置有用于密封传动轴7与转轴定位块8之间的缝隙的密封件和密封结构，在流道口连通外部流体系统时，管道内的流体流经一个流道口进入阀芯4并从另一流道口流出。
参阅图2，阀芯4由对称设置并一体化设置的第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42构成，意味着第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42内的阀芯流道开口相反，也意味着第一阀 芯41和第二阀芯42在轴向的投影重合，进一步意味着第一阀芯内41的阀芯流道和第二阀芯42上的阀芯流道在轴向的投影重合。
第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42也可以分体设置。阀体1上设有流道口的一端可与阀体1一体化设置也可分体设置，分体部分作为阀体1的阀盖3固定安装于阀体1上。
参阅图3和图4，阀体1内设置有若干个圆周均匀分布的独立的外流道2和一个与阀体1同心的阀芯安装腔11，外流道2呈L形，阀芯安装腔11底部不与阀体1的底部8接触，外流道2分布在阀芯安装腔11的四周，阀芯4安装在阀芯安装腔11内，阀芯安装腔11底部设置有若干个与外流道2一一对应连通的连通孔13；
阀盖3上对应每个外流道2处都设置有外流道口31，阀盖3上对应阀芯4处圆周均匀分布有若干个内流道口32。内流道口32的数量与外流道口31的数量相同。
参阅图2和图5，第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42内分别设置有连通内流道口32的盲孔和连通连通孔13的盲孔，并且第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42内均设置有若干个用于将其内部盲孔分隔为若干个阀芯流道的阀芯隔板43，每个阀芯流道用于连通至少两个流道口，第二阀芯42与传动轴7键销连接。
需要说明的是，图2中，第一阀芯41内的阀芯流道不与第二阀芯42内的阀芯流道连通，此时第一阀芯41控制内流道口32相互之间的连通关系，第二阀芯42控制外流道口31相互之间的连通关系，这并不意味着第一阀芯41内的阀芯流道不可与第二阀芯42内的阀芯流道连通，第一阀芯41内的某个阀芯流道与第二阀芯42内的某个阀芯流道连通时，流体可在流入内流道口32后，流经第一阀芯41、第二阀芯42、外流道2，最后从外流道口31中流出，反之亦可。
参阅图2-4，阀盖3内设置有外密封件插槽33，外密封件插槽33内设置有外密封件10，用于第一阀芯41与阀盖3的接触面，阀芯安装腔11的底部设置 有内密封件插槽12，内密封件插槽12内设置有内密封件9，用于密封第二阀芯42与阀芯安装腔11底部的接触面。
阀芯4内设置有用于定位阀芯4的定位杆5，阀盖3内设置有与定位杆5配合的定位孔34，阀芯4内设置有用于连接传动轴7的传动套管6。
综上，双阀芯集成端口阀门在工作时，至少两个外流道口31外接流体系统和/或至少两个内流道口32外接流体系统，而其它的流道口做密封处理，流体从一个外流道口31进入阀体1内的外流道2内，通过连通孔13后进入第二阀芯42，随后通过第二阀芯42内的阀芯流道从另一连通孔13流出阀芯，最后流经与该连通孔13对应的外流道2从另一外流道口31流出；同理流体从一个内流道口32流入第一阀芯41内的阀芯通道并从另一内流道口32流出；传动轴7转动带动阀芯4转动，从而调整阀芯4所连通的流道口，连通封闭的流道口时则阀门关闭。
由于第一阀芯41与第二阀芯42沿一个与阀芯4轴线垂直的平面对称设置，因此，在第一阀芯41内的某个流道接通时，第二阀芯42内对称位置的流道也接通，从而使得阀芯4整体上下部分所受液压相同，使得阀芯4整体受力保持平衡。每个阀芯预设有若干个流道，阀体和/或阀盖中预设有若干个流道口，可根据实际情况选择接通外部管道的流道口的数量，而其它流道口做密封处理，依此，该阀门具有良好的兼容性。
所述阀芯4虽是由第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42两个部分构成，但所有的流道口都集成在阀体1的一个轴向端面上，方便管道排布以及执行器的安装，便于对手件的安装，并且，由于流道口是预设的，因此，可在不改变阀体1的情况下，改变阀芯4内流道排布设计。
实施例二：
参阅图1、图6至图10，本实施例的多通阀，包括：阀体1、阀芯4和阀盖3，阀体1内设置有内腔，内腔为阀芯安装腔11，阀芯4可转动地安装在阀芯安装腔11内，阀盖3固定安装在阀体1上。沿阀芯4的轴向，阀体1具有端面A 和端面B；阀盖3上设置有若干个流道口，阀盖3与阀体1以及阀芯4之间设置有密封件，该密封件为外密封件10。
阀芯4包括：靠近端面A的阀芯A，即第一阀芯41、靠近端面B的阀芯B，即第二阀芯42，第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42内都设置有若干个不互相联通的阀芯流道，每个阀芯流道连通至少两个流道口，阀体1内还设置有用于连通流道口与第二阀芯42的阀体流道，即外流道2。
流道口包括内流道口32和外流道口31，阀盖3上对应每个外流道2处都设置有外流道口31，阀盖3上对应阀芯4处分布有若干个内流道口32。内流道口32的数量与外流道口31的数量相同。
第一阀芯41与第二阀芯42分体设置，第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42的其中之一为主动阀芯，另一为从动阀芯，在第一阀芯41与第二阀芯42之间设置有轴承21，第二阀芯42顶部设置有一个定位轴22，第一阀芯41的底部设置有用于容纳轴承21的空腔，上述空腔与轴承21的外圈过盈配合，定位轴22与轴承21的内圈过盈配合。
阀体1下方安装有传动轴7，传动轴7与第二阀芯42动力连接，在第一阀芯41与第二阀芯42之间设置有用于传递第一阀芯41与第二阀芯42之间的动力的传动组件；传动轴7也可以安装在阀盖3上并与第一阀芯41动力连接；传动轴7可单独设置也可与第一阀芯41或第二阀芯42一体化设置。针对不同的传动组件的形式，本专利申请提供如下实现方式。
实现方式1：
参阅图7和图8，传动组件由阻挡块A211和阻挡块B221构成，阻挡块A211和阻挡块B221分别设置在第一阀芯41与第二阀芯42上，另外，为减小空间，阻挡块A211是设置在第一阀芯41上的一个环形凹槽内的，在第一阀芯41转动时，阻挡块B221相对地在环形凹槽内移动，当两个阻挡块触碰时，第一阀芯41即可带动第二阀芯42转动。在实际使用时，先使第二阀芯42朝一个方向转动， 当两个阻挡块触碰时，调节第一阀芯41的角度位置，第一阀芯41到位后，再使第二阀芯42朝反方向转动，调节第二阀芯42的角度位置。
实现方式2：
实现方式1中的传动组件可以是单向轴承，相应地，使用单向轴承取代实现方式1中的轴承21，使得在第一阀芯41在朝一个方向转动时，可以带动第二阀芯42转动，第一阀芯41在朝另一个方向转动时，不会带动第二阀芯42转动。
实现方式3：
参阅图9，传动组件；可以由一个棘轮26和若干个弹片25构成，弹片25呈环形均匀设置在第二阀芯42上，棘轮26固定设置在第一阀芯41上，棘轮26与弹片25配合，使得在第一阀芯41在朝一个方向转动时，可以带动第二阀芯42转动，第一阀芯41在朝另一个方向转动时，不会带动第二阀芯42转动。
实现方式4：
参阅图10，传动组件包括旋杆27，弹片25的作用在于向旋杆27施加朝向棘轮26的力，以确保旋杆27与棘轮26的配合。
实施例三：
如图11至图15所示，在本实施例中，多通阀100包括阀体1、设置在阀体1内的阀芯4、第一密封件，即外密封件10、第二密封件，即内密封件9、连接流道，即外流道2、用以驱动阀芯4转动的传动轴7，阀芯4设置在阀体1内。
阀芯4具有沿轴向贯穿阀芯4的至少一个贯穿流道401、沿径向延伸的至少一个水平流道402、复合流道403和设置在复合流道403内的遮挡板404、设置在阀芯4沿轴向一端的支撑件405。阀芯4包括开口朝向相反的第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42。
水平流道402包括沿轴向开口相反设置的第一水平流道4021和第二水平流道4022，第一水平流道4021和第二水平流道4022在轴向的投影重合，本实施例中对第一水平流道4021和第二水平流道4022的深度不做限定，即第一水平流 道4021和第二水平流道4022的深度可以相同，也可以不同。
如图13所示，复合流道403沿轴向贯穿阀芯4，遮挡板404沿径向部分遮挡复合流道403。可以理解为，复合流道403是水平流道402与贯穿流道401连通形成。附图13中仅仅由贯穿流道401和复合流道403，但是在其他实施例中，同时设置贯穿流道401、水平流道402和复合流道403亦可。
本实施例中，贯穿流道401是轴向贯穿阀芯4的，因此在流体进入阀芯4时，阀芯4内部所受流体压力平衡，不会造成阀芯4整体受力不均的问题。且设置贯穿流道401，可以实现更多的工作模式。
当第一水平流道4021内通入流体时，只要将第二水平流道4022内通入同样液压的流体，即可使得阀芯4整体受力还是平衡。
同理，在流体进入复合流道403时，阀芯4整体受力依旧能够达到平衡。从而使得阀芯4两侧受压相当，避免阀芯4倾斜、开阀难度大、容易磨损等问题。
阀体1上设有与贯穿流道401和水平流道402连通的至少两个流道口。
流道口包括内流道口32和外流道口31，内流道口32和外流道口31设置在阀体1沿轴向的一端，且为靠近第一水平流道4021的一端，外流道口31沿径向设置在内流道口32的外侧。本实施例中，外流道口31和内流道口32的数量相等，且均沿着多通阀100的轴线呈圆周阵列设置。
内流道口32用以与第一水平流道4021和贯穿流道401连通。本实施例中，当第一水平流道4021连通至少两个内流道口32时，流体从其中一个内流道口32进入第一水平流道4021，并从其他内流道口32排出。
外流道2用以连通贯穿流道401远离流道口的一端与外流道口31、以及用以连通第二水平流道4022和外流道口31。进一步的，支撑件405设置在阀芯4远离流道口一端的中部，以使得贯穿流道401和第二水平流道4022与阀身101间隔一端距离，从而使得贯穿流道401及第二水平流道4022可以和外流道2相互连通。
本实施例中，当第二水平流道4022连通至少两个外流道口31时，流体从其中一个外流道口31进入第二水平流道4022，并从其他外流道口31排出。
当内流道口32和外流道口31与贯穿流道401连通时，流体从内流道口32进入贯穿流道401，并经过外流道2从外流道口31排出。
阀体1包括阀身101和阀盖3，阀盖3用以限定阀芯4沿轴向的位置，外流道2设置在阀身101与阀盖3之间。第一水平流道4021靠近阀盖3设置，流道口设置在阀盖3上且贯穿阀盖3。阀盖3朝向阀身101一侧内凹形成收容部，外密封件10设置在收容部内，外密封件10与阀芯4抵接以将贯穿流道401和/或第一水平流道4021相互隔绝。内密封件9与阀芯4抵接以将贯穿流道401和/或第二水平流道4022相互隔绝。
复合流道403可以同时连通多个外流道口31和内流道口32。
传动轴7用以驱动阀芯4转动，从而使得贯穿流道401和水平流道402可以连通不同的流道口。
本实施例中，设置水平流道402用以连至少两个流道口以传递流体，通过设置投影面积重合的第一水平流道4021和第二水平流道4022，从而可以使得阀芯4的两侧同时通入流体时，阀芯4的整体受力平衡，并且在流体进入贯穿流道401时，阀芯4内部所受流体压力平衡，同样不会造成阀芯4整体受力不均的问题，不易倾斜，进而不会增加阀芯4与外密封件10和内密封件9的摩擦力。将流道口设置在同一侧的阀盖3上，不会影响多通阀100另一端的对手件的安装。
本发明的多通阀100及阀芯4，通过设置贯穿流道401和水平流道402，在通入流体时使得阀芯4受力平衡，不易倾斜，从而可以降低阀芯4的磨损风险，并且不会影响对手件的安装。
实施例四：
如图16至图20所示，本实施例的具有小尺寸阀盖的多通阀100包括阀体1、设置在阀体1内的阀芯4、设置在阀体1一端用以限定阀芯4在轴向位置的阀盖3、第二密封件，即内密封件9、传动轴7。
阀芯4具有开口沿轴向相反设置的至少一个第一流道411和至少一个第二流道412，第一流道411和第二流道412在轴向的投影重合。从而在第一流道411和第二流道412内通入相同压力的流体时，阀芯4内部所受流体压力平衡，不会 造成阀芯4整体受力不均的问题。优选的，第一流道411和第二流道412的数量相同。
如图18所示，在一个实现方式中，阀芯4一体成型设置，传动轴7带动阀芯4转动。
如图19所示，在另一个实现方式中，阀芯4包括沿轴线分体设置的第一阀芯43和第二阀芯44，第一流道411设置在第一阀芯43上，第二流道412设置在第二阀芯44上。在本实现方式中，多通阀100还包括联动件，联动件带动第一阀芯43和第二阀芯44相对转动。
阀体1包括围设形成收容腔，即安装腔11第一壁14、沿径向设置在第一壁14外侧且环绕第一壁14设置的第二壁15、设置在第一壁14和第二壁15之间的分隔件16、支撑件17、自支撑件17沿径向延伸并与第一壁14连接的隔离件18。
第一壁14沿轴向的长度小于第二壁15的长度，且在靠近阀盖3的一端与第二壁15平齐，第一壁14远离阀盖3的一端与阀体1底部间隔设置。
阀芯4设置在安装腔11内，且与阀体1的两端均间隔设置，即使得阀芯4高度低于阀体1的端面。第一壁14靠近阀盖3的一端向内凸伸形成支撑部111，阀盖3设置在阀芯4上，且放置于支撑部111上，阀盖3收容在阀体1的安装腔11内，且端面与阀体1端面平齐。
阀盖3仅仅覆盖阀芯4，而非覆盖整个阀体1的端面，这样可以减小生产阀盖3需要的面积，同时可以降低阀芯4转动相对阀盖3的力矩，减少磨损。
阀盖3上设有与第一流道411连通的第一流道口，即内流道口32。阀盖3朝向阀芯4的一侧内凹形成收容部，即外密封件插槽33，外密封件插槽33内设有第一密封件，即外密封件10以分隔内流道口32。
外密封件10与阀芯4抵持，由于阀盖3面积减小，对应的，外密封件10的面积也减少，可以降低生产成本。
阀体1环绕阀芯4和阀盖3设有与第二流道412连通的连接流道，即外流道2，外流道2沿径向设置在阀芯4和阀盖3的外侧。外流道2设置在第一壁14和第二壁15之间。分隔件16将外流道2分成多个，分隔件16连接至阀体1的底 部，且每个外流道2均用以与第二流道412连通。阀体1一端设有与外流道2连通的第二流道口，即外流道口31，外流道口31自外流道2靠近阀盖3的一端暴露。内流道口32和外流道口31的数量相同。内流道口32和外流道口31均沿着阀芯4的轴线呈圆周阵列排布。
支撑件17设置在阀芯4远离阀盖3的一端，支撑件17与阀体1抵持以间隔阀芯4和阀体1，从而使得第二流道412与外流道2连通。
内密封件9设置在隔离件18内，且与阀芯4抵持，以将第二流道412分隔。
该实施例的具有小尺寸阀盖的多通阀100，仅将阀盖3设置在阀芯4上，从而可以降低阀盖3和外密封件10的体积，从而降低成本，且不用考虑阀芯4外侧的静密封，阀盖3和外密封件10更容易安装，降低阀盖3装配对内流道口32和外流道口31密封的影响；将阀芯4凹陷设置以将阀盖3设置在阀体1内，从而可以降低多通阀100的整体高度。
多通阀为实施例一、实施例二、实施例四任意一种或者多种的多通阀100。阀芯4包括第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42，第一阀芯41内的流道数量为2个或4个，第二阀芯42内的阀芯流道数量为2个或4个。针对不同数量阀芯流道的阀芯4，本发明提供如下两种实施例。
实施例五：
如图1、图21至图23，本实施例中，第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42内阀芯流道数量为2个，第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42上均设有第三流道103和第四流道104、用以分隔第三流道103和第四流道104的隔板105、用以连接隔板105且设置在第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42中部的抵持板106。
本实施例中，第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42上第三流道103、第四流道104、隔板105和抵持板106的截面投影重合，而沿轴向高度可以根据需要选择相同或者不同，使得对应第三流道103和/或第四流道104通过相同液体时，使得第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42受力相同，方向相反，进而平衡两侧压力。
当第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42内阀芯流道数量均为两个时，同一侧的第三流道103和第四流道104对称设置。在第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42内设置两个流道， 使得单位面积内的流道数量减少，流道面积增大，进而可以降低流体的流阻。
隔板105的数量为两个，且两个隔板105均沿第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42的径向延伸。
抵持板106围设形成有截面呈圆形的收容腔141，第一阀芯41的收容腔141内设有朝向远离第二阀芯42凸伸的连接轴142，执行器与连接轴142枢转连接，以带动阀芯4在阀体1内转动。
第二阀芯42的收容腔141内设有转动轴421。阀盖靠近第二阀芯42，且与第二阀芯42内的隔板105和抵持板106抵持，以分隔第三流道103和第四流道104。阀盖3上设有用以与转动轴421配合的转动槽、用以连通第三流道103和第四流道104的流道口。流道口即可以用以连通第一阀芯41上的第三流道103和第四流道104，也可以用以连通第二阀芯42上的第三流道103和第四流道104。转动轴421沿轴向的高度高于第二阀芯42内的隔板105。
第一阀芯41朝向第二阀芯42的一侧凸伸设有限位轴411，第二阀芯42上设有限位腔422，限位腔422设置在转动轴421内。限位轴411与限位腔422插接配合以限定第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42的位置。进一步的，限位轴411和限位腔422均与第一阀芯41及第二阀芯42同轴设置。
第一阀芯41朝向第二阀芯42的一侧设有限位块412，第二阀芯42朝向第一阀芯41的一侧设有收容限位块412的限位槽423、设置在限位槽423内用以与限位块412抵持的抵挡块424。限位槽423与第二阀芯42同轴设置。
限位槽423与第二阀芯42同轴设置。本实施例中，通过限位槽423与限位块412配合，从而使得第一阀芯41可以相对第二阀芯42转动，通过设置抵挡块424与限位块412抵持，从而可以使得第一阀芯41带动第二阀芯42转动。
实施例六：
如图1、图24至图26，本实施例中，第一阀芯41上的阀芯流道数量为2个，而第二阀芯42上的阀芯流道数量为4个时，第一阀芯41上设有第三流道103和第四流道104、用以分隔第三流道103和第四流道104的第一隔板105、用以连接第一隔板105且设置在第一阀芯41中部的抵持板106、朝向第二阀芯 42的一侧凸伸设置的限位轴411、朝向第二阀芯42的一侧设置的限位块412。
第三流道103和第四流道104对称设置。本实施例中，仅仅在第一阀芯41内设置两个流道，使得单位面积内的流道数量减少，流道面积增大，进而可以降低流体的流阻。
第一隔板105的数量为两个，且两个第一隔板105均沿第一阀芯41的径向延伸。
抵持板106围设形成有截面呈圆形的收容腔141，收容腔141内设有连接轴142，执行器与连接轴142枢转连接，以带动阀芯4在阀体1内转动。
限位块412朝向第二阀芯42的一侧凸伸。限位轴411朝向第二阀芯42凸伸，且与第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42均同轴设置。
第二阀芯42包括普通流道220、贯穿流道，即对向流道222、用以分隔普通流道220和对向流道222的第二隔板223、朝向远离第一阀芯41一侧设置的转动轴421、朝向第一阀芯41的一侧设置的用以收容限位块412的限位槽423、设置在限位槽423内用以与限位块412抵持的抵挡块424、限位腔422。
普通流道220的数量大于等于两个。本实施例中，普通流道220的数量为三个，且对向流道222的一侧设有两个普通流道220，另一侧设有一个普通流道220。
转动轴421与第二阀芯42同轴设置且位于对向流道222内。
阀盖3靠近第二阀芯42，且与第二隔板223抵持，以分隔对向流道222和多个普通流道220。阀盖3上设有用以与转动轴421配合的转动槽、用以连通对向流道222、普通流道220、第三流道103和第四流道104的流道口。
转动槽与转动轴421插接配合，以在阀芯4转动时，与阀芯4转动配合。
限位轴411与限位腔422插接配合以限定第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42的位置。限位腔422设置在转动轴421内。
限位槽423与第二阀芯42同轴设置。本实施例中，通过限位槽423与限位块412配合，从而使得第一阀芯41可以相对第二阀芯42转动，通过设置抵挡块424与限位块412抵持，从而可以使得第一阀芯41带动第二阀芯42转动。
本发明的多通阀100，通过设置第一阀芯41和第二阀芯42，从而可以平衡阀芯4两侧的压力，防止阀芯4倾斜进而增加磨损。
以上实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (50)

  1. 一种多通阀，所述多通阀包括阀体和阀芯，所述阀芯可转动的设置在所述阀体内，其特征在于：所述阀芯包括第一阀芯和第二阀芯，所述第一阀芯和第二阀芯内均设置有阀芯流道，所述阀体的一端设有分别与所述第一阀芯和第二阀芯上的所述阀芯流道连通的流道口。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯内的阀芯流道开口相反。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯沿一个垂直于所述阀芯轴线的平面对称设置。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述第一阀芯内的所述阀芯流道和第二阀芯上的所述阀芯流道在轴向的投影重合。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述多通阀还包括阀盖，所述流道口设置在所述阀盖上，所述流道口包括内流道口和外流道口。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述内流道口沿阀芯轴心圆周均匀分布，所述外流道口沿所述内流道口排列所形成的圆周的外围分布。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀体内设置有用于连通所述第二阀芯内的所述阀芯流道和所述外流道口的外流道。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀体内设置阀芯安装腔，所述外流道呈L形，所述阀芯安装腔底部与所述阀体底部间隔设置，所述外流道分布在所述阀芯安装腔的四周。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀芯安装腔远离所述流道口的一端设置有若干个与所述外流道一一对应连通的连通孔。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的多通阀，其特征在于：每个所述阀芯流道连接至少两个所述流道口，所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯一体化成型/分体设置。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀体上设有所述流道口的一端可与所述阀体一体化设置也可分体设置，分体部分作为所述阀体的阀盖固定安装于所述阀体上。
  12. 根据权利要求5所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀芯内设置有一个用于定位所述阀芯的定位杆，所述阀盖上设有定位孔，所述定位杆插在设置在所述定位孔内；所述阀体的另一个端处安装有传动轴，所述阀芯内设置有用于连接所述传动轴的传动套管。
  13. 根据权利要求5所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀盖内安装有与所述阀体和所述阀芯配合的外密封件，所述外密封件对应所述流道口处设置有通孔。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀芯安装腔内靠近所述连通孔的一端处设置有与所述阀芯配合的内密封件，所述内密封件对应所述连通孔处设置有通孔。
  15. 一种多通阀，所述多通阀包括阀体和阀芯，所述阀芯可转动的设置在所述阀体内，其特征在于：所述阀芯包括第一阀芯和第二阀芯，所述第一阀芯和第二阀芯内均设置有若干个阀芯流道，所述阀体的一端设有分别与所述第一阀芯的所述阀芯流道和第二阀芯上的所述阀芯流道连通的流道口；所述第一阀芯与所述第二阀芯分体设置，所述阀芯还包括用于带动所述第一阀芯与所述第二阀芯联动的传动组件。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯的其中之一为主动阀芯，另一为从动阀芯。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述多通阀还包括阀盖，所述阀盖安装在所述阀体的一端面上，若干个所述流道口设置在所述阀盖上。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述流道口包括内流道口和外流道口，所述内流道口和所述外流道口设置在所述阀体沿轴向的一端，所述外流道口沿径向设置在所述内流道口的外侧。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀体内设置有用于连通所述外流道口与所述第二阀芯的阀体流道。
  20. 根据权利要求15所述的一种多通阀，其特征在于：所述第一阀芯与所述第二阀芯之间通过轴承配合连接。
  21. 根据权利要求15所述的一种多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀体内设置有 传动轴，所述传动轴与第一阀芯和/或第二阀芯动力连接；传动轴可与第一阀芯和/或第二阀芯一体化设置也可单独设置；所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯中与所述传动轴动力连接的一个为主动阀芯，另一个则为从动阀芯，所述主动阀芯通过传动组件带动所述从动阀芯转动。
  22. 根据权利要求16所述的一种多通阀，其特征在于：所述传动组件由至少一组结构组件构成，每组所述结构组件包括至少两个结构件，两个结构件分别设置在所述主动阀芯和所述从动阀芯上，使得一个所述结构件在随所述主动阀芯转动的过程中可与另一所述结构件接触，并且在两个结构件接触后，所述主动阀芯能够带动从动阀芯转动。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的一种多通阀，其特征在于：所述结构组件由两个阻挡块构成，两个所述阻挡块分别与所述主动阀芯和所述从动阀芯固定连接或一体化设置。
  24. 根据权利要求16所述的一种多通阀，其特征在于：所述传动组件为单向轴承，所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯分别与所述单向轴承的两个圈件连接，使得所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯中的主动阀芯在朝一个方向转动时带动从动阀芯转动，并且所述主动阀芯在朝另一个方向转动时不带动所述从动阀芯转动。
  25. 根据权利要求16所述的一种多通阀，其特征在于：所述传动组件由棘轮和若干个弹片构成，所述弹片的一端与所述棘轮配合，使得所述主动阀芯在朝一个方向转动时带动所述从动阀芯转动，并且所述主动阀芯在朝另一个方向转动时不带动所述从动阀芯转动。
  26. 根据权利要求16所述的一种多通阀，其特征在于：所述传动组件包括有可转动的旋杆、弹片，所述弹片向所述旋杆施加朝向所述棘轮的力。
  27. 一种多通阀，所述多通阀包括阀体和可转动的阀芯，其特征在于：所述阀芯具有沿轴向贯穿所述阀芯的至少一个贯穿流道、沿径向延伸的至少一个水平流道，所述水平流道包括沿轴向开口相反设置的第一水平流道和第二水平流道，所述第一水平流道和所述第二水平流道在轴向的投影重合，所述阀体的一端设有分别与所述第一水平流道和所述第二水平流道连通的流道口。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀体的一端还设有与所述贯穿流道连通的流道口。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述流道口包括内流道口和外流道口，所述内流道口和所述外流道口设置在所述阀体沿轴向的一端，所述外流道口沿径向设置在所述内流道口的外侧。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述多通阀还包括外流道，所述内流道口用以与所述第一水平流道和所述贯穿流道连通，所述外流道用以连通所述贯穿流道远离所述流道口的一端与所述外流道口、以及用以连通所述第二水平流道和外流道口。
  31. 根据权利要求27所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀芯还包括复合流道和设置在所述复合流道内的遮挡板，所述复合流道沿轴向贯穿所述阀芯，所述遮挡板沿径向部分遮挡所述复合流道。
  32. 根据权利要求30所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀体还包括阀身和阀盖，所述阀盖用以限定所述阀芯沿轴向的位置，所述外流道设置在所述阀身与所述阀盖之间。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述第一水平流道靠近所述阀盖设置，所述流道口设置在所述阀盖上且贯穿所述阀盖。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀盖朝向所述阀身一侧内凹形成外密封件插槽，所述多通阀还包括设置在所述外密封件插槽内的外密封件，所述外密封件与所述阀芯抵接以将所述贯穿流道和/或所述第一水平流道相互隔绝。
  35. 根据权利要求31所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述多通阀还包括内密封件，所述内密封件与所述阀芯抵接以将所述贯穿流道和/或所述第二水平流道相互隔绝。
  36. 一种多通阀，所述多通阀包括阀体、设置在阀体一端的阀盖、可转动的设置在所述阀体内的阀芯，其特征在于：所述阀芯具有开口沿轴向相反设置的至少一个第一流道和至少一个第二流道；所述阀盖和所述阀体同一端上分别设 有与所述第一流道、所述第二流道连通的流道口。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀体环绕所述阀芯和阀盖设有与所述第二流道连通的外流道，所述外流道沿径向设置在所述阀芯和所述阀盖的外侧。
  38. 根据权利要求37所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀盖上设有与所述第一流道连通的内流道口，所述阀体一端设有与所述外流道、第二流道连通的外流道口。
  39. 根据权利要求36所述的多通阀，其特征在于：开口相反的所述第一流道与所述第二流道在轴向的投影重合。
  40. 根据权利要求36所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述第一流道与所述第二流道的数量相同，所述内流道口和所述外流道口的数量相同。
  41. 根据权利要求38所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述内流道口和所述外流道口均沿着所述阀芯的轴线呈圆周阵列排布。
  42. 根据权利要求36所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀盖朝向所述阀芯的一侧内凹形成外密封件插槽，所述外密封件插槽内设有外密封件以分隔所述内流道口。
  43. 根据权利要求36所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀体包括支撑件，所述支撑件设置在所述阀芯远离所述阀盖的一端，所述支撑件与所述阀体抵持以间隔所述阀芯和所述阀体。
  44. 根据权利要求36所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述多通阀还包括设置在所述阀芯远离所述阀盖的一端且与所述阀芯抵持的内密封件。
  45. 根据权利要求36所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述阀芯在所述阀体内，且所述阀芯高度低于所述阀体的端面，所述阀盖收容在所述阀体内，且端面与所述阀体端面平齐。
  46. 根据权利要求1或15或36所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述第一阀芯内的阀芯流道数量为2个或4个，所述第二阀芯内的阀芯流道数量为2个或4个。
  47. 根据权利要求46所述的多通阀，其特征在于：具有2个阀芯流道的所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯内设有第三流道和第四流道、用以分隔第三流道和所述第四流道的隔板、用以连接所述隔板且设置在所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯中部的抵持板，所述抵持板围设形成有截面呈圆形的收容腔，所述第一阀芯的收容腔内设有连接轴，所述第二阀芯的收容腔内设有转动轴。
  48. 根据权利要求46所述的多通阀，其特征在于：具有2个阀芯流道的所述第一阀芯内设有第三流道和第四流道、用以分隔第三流道和所述第四流道的第一隔板、用以连接所述第一隔板且设置在所述第一阀芯中部的抵持板，所述抵持板围设形成有截面呈圆形的收容腔，所述收容腔内设有连接轴，和具有4个阀芯流道的所述第二阀芯包括普通流道和对向流道，所述普通流道和所述对向流道由第二隔板分隔形成，所述第二阀芯朝向远离所述第一阀芯的一侧设有转动轴，所述转动轴与所述第二阀芯同轴设置且位于所述对向流道内。
  49. 根据权利要求47或48所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述第一阀芯朝向所述第二阀芯的一侧凸伸设有限位轴，所述第二阀芯上设有限位腔，所述限位轴与所述限位腔插接配合以限定所述第一阀芯和所述第二阀芯的位置，所述限位腔设置在所述转动轴内。
  50. 根据权利要求49所述的多通阀，其特征在于：所述第一阀芯朝向所述第二阀芯的一侧设有限位块，所述第二阀芯朝向所述第一阀芯的一侧设有收容所述限位块的限位槽、设置在所述限位槽内用以与所述限位块抵持的抵挡块。
PCT/CN2023/077395 2022-02-23 2023-02-21 一种多通阀 WO2023160537A1 (zh)

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